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Genetically-biased fertilization in APOBEC1 complementation factor (A1cf) mutant mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13599. [PMID: 35948620 PMCID: PMC9365768 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiosis, recombination, and gametogenesis normally ensure that gametes combine randomly. But in exceptional cases, fertilization depends on the genetics of gametes from both females and males. A key question is whether their non-random union results from factors intrinsic to oocytes and sperm, or from their interactions with conditions in the reproductive tracts. To address this question, we used in vitro fertilization (IVF) with a mutant and wild-type allele of the A1cf (APOBEC1 complementation factor) gene in mice that are otherwise genetically identical. We observed strong distortion in favor of mutant heterozygotes showing that bias depends on the genetics of oocyte and sperm, and that any environmental input is modest. To search for the potential mechanism of the 'biased fertilization', we analyzed the existing transcriptome data and demonstrated that localization of A1cf transcripts and its candidate mRNA targets is restricted to the spermatids in which they originate, and that these transcripts are enriched for functions related to meiosis, fertilization, RNA stability, translation, and mitochondria. We propose that failure to sequester mRNA targets in A1cf mutant heterozygotes leads to functional differences among spermatids, thereby providing an opportunity for selection among haploid gametes. The study adds to the understanding of the gamete interaction at fertilization. Discovery that bias is evident with IVF provides a new venue for future explorations of preference among genetically distinct gametes at fertilization for A1cf and other genes that display significant departure of Mendelian inheritance.
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2
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Bergero R, Ellis P, Haerty W, Larcombe L, Macaulay I, Mehta T, Mogensen M, Murray D, Nash W, Neale MJ, O'Connor R, Ottolini C, Peel N, Ramsey L, Skinner B, Suh A, Summers M, Sun Y, Tidy A, Rahbari R, Rathje C, Immler S. Meiosis and beyond - understanding the mechanistic and evolutionary processes shaping the germline genome. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:822-841. [PMID: 33615674 PMCID: PMC8246768 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The separation of germ cell populations from the soma is part of the evolutionary transition to multicellularity. Only genetic information present in the germ cells will be inherited by future generations, and any molecular processes affecting the germline genome are therefore likely to be passed on. Despite its prevalence across taxonomic kingdoms, we are only starting to understand details of the underlying micro-evolutionary processes occurring at the germline genome level. These include segregation, recombination, mutation and selection and can occur at any stage during germline differentiation and mitotic germline proliferation to meiosis and post-meiotic gamete maturation. Selection acting on germ cells at any stage from the diploid germ cell to the haploid gametes may cause significant deviations from Mendelian inheritance and may be more widespread than previously assumed. The mechanisms that affect and potentially alter the genomic sequence and allele frequencies in the germline are pivotal to our understanding of heritability. With the rise of new sequencing technologies, we are now able to address some of these unanswered questions. In this review, we comment on the most recent developments in this field and identify current gaps in our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bergero
- Institute of Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3JTU.K.
| | - Peter Ellis
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of KentCanterburyCT2 7NJU.K.
| | | | - Lee Larcombe
- Applied Exomics LtdStevenage Bioscience CatalystStevenageSG1 2FXU.K.
| | - Iain Macaulay
- Earlham InstituteNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UZU.K.
| | - Tarang Mehta
- Earlham InstituteNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UZU.K.
| | - Mette Mogensen
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJU.K.
| | - David Murray
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJU.K.
| | - Will Nash
- Earlham InstituteNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UZU.K.
| | - Matthew J. Neale
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life SciencesUniversity of SussexBrightonBN1 9RHU.K.
| | | | | | - Ned Peel
- Earlham InstituteNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UZU.K.
| | - Luke Ramsey
- The James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeDD2 5DAU.K.
| | - Ben Skinner
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of EssexColchesterCO4 3SQU.K.
| | - Alexander Suh
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJU.K.
- Department of Organismal BiologyUppsala UniversityNorbyvägen 18DUppsala752 36Sweden
| | - Michael Summers
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of KentCanterburyCT2 7NJU.K.
- The Bridge Centre1 St Thomas Street, London BridgeLondonSE1 9RYU.K.
| | - Yu Sun
- Norwich Medical SchoolUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research Park, Colney LnNorwichNR4 7UGU.K.
| | - Alison Tidy
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of Nottingham, Plant Science, Sutton Bonington CampusSutton BoningtonLE12 5RDU.K.
| | | | - Claudia Rathje
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of KentCanterburyCT2 7NJU.K.
| | - Simone Immler
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJU.K.
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3
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Fuentes A, Sequeira K, Tapia-Pizarro A. Efectos demográficos, clínicos y biológicos de la postergación de la maternidad. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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4
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Hassold TJ, Hunt PA. Missed connections: recombination and human aneuploidy. Prenat Diagn 2021; 41:584-590. [PMID: 33484483 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The physical exchange of DNA between homologs, crossing-over, is essential to orchestrate the unique, reductional first meiotic division (MI). In females, the events of meiotic recombination that serve to tether homologs and facilitate their disjunction at MI occur during fetal development, preceding the MI division by several decades in our species. Data from studies in humans and mice demonstrate that placement of recombination sites during fetal development influences the likelihood of an MI nondisjunction event that results in the production of an aneuploid egg. Here we briefly summarize what we know about the relationship between aneuploidy and meiotic recombination and important considerations for the future of human assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry J Hassold
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
| | - Patricia A Hunt
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
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5
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Molecular basis of reproductive senescence: insights from model organisms. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 38:17-32. [PMID: 33006069 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Reproductive decline due to parental age has become a major barrier to fertility as couples have delayed having offspring into their thirties and forties. Advanced parental age is also associated with increased incidence of neurological and cardiovascular disease in offspring. Thus, elucidating the etiology of reproductive decline is of clinical importance. METHODS Deciphering the underlying processes that drive reproductive decline is particularly challenging in women in whom a discrete oocyte pool is established during embryogenesis and may remain dormant for tens of years. Instead, our understanding of the processes that drive reproductive senescence has emerged from studies in model organisms, both vertebrate and invertebrate, that are the focus of this literature review. CONCLUSIONS Studies of reproductive aging in model organisms not only have revealed the detrimental cellular changes that occur with age but also are helping identify major regulator proteins controlling them. Here, we discuss what we have learned from model organisms with respect to the molecular mechanisms that maintain both genome integrity and oocyte quality.
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6
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Handyside AH, McCollin A, Summers MC, Ottolini CS. Copy number analysis of meiotic and postzygotic mitotic aneuploidies in trophectoderm cells biopsied at the blastocyst stage and arrested embryos. Prenat Diagn 2020; 41:525-535. [PMID: 32833230 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) by copy number analysis is now widely used to select euploid embryos for transfer. Whole or partial chromosome aneuploidy can arise in meiosis, predominantly female meiosis, or in the postzygotic, mitotic divisions during cleavage and blastocyst formation, resulting in chromosome mosaicism. Meiotic aneuploidies are almost always lethal, however, the clinical significance of mitotic aneuploidies detected by PGT-A is not fully understood and healthy live births have been reported following transfer of mosaic embryos. Here, we used single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping of both polar bodies and embryo samples to identify meiotic aneuploidies and compared copy number changes for meiotic and presumed mitotic aneuploidies in trophectoderm cells biopsied at the blastocyst stage and arrested embryos. PGT-A detected corresponding full copy number changes (≥70%) for 36/37 (97%) maternal meiotic aneuploidies. The number of presumed mitotic copy number changes detected exceeded those of meiotic origin. Although mainly in the mosaic range, some of these mitotic aneuploidies had copy number changes ≥70% and would have been identified as full aneuploidies. Interestingly, many arrested embryos had multiple mitotic aneuploidies across a broad range of copy number changes, which may have arisen through tripolar spindle and other mitotic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael C Summers
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.,London Women's Clinic, London, UK
| | - Christian S Ottolini
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.,London Women's Clinic, London, UK.,The Evewell, London, UK
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7
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Karyomapping in preimplantation genetic testing for β-thalassemia combined with HLA matching: a systematic summary. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:2515-2523. [PMID: 31758512 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the validity, accuracy, and clinical outcomes of Karyomapping in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for β-thalassemia combined with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching. METHODS A total of 128 cycles from January 2014 to December 2017 were identified, and 1205 embryos were biopsied. The case group included 88 cycles using Karyomapping for PGT-HLA, compared with 40 cycles using polymerase chain reaction-short tandem repeat (PCR-STR) as the control group. RESULTS There were significant differences in the HLA matching rate (21.34 vs. 14.37%), the matched transferable embryo rate (9.79 vs. 14.07%), the clinical pregnancy rate (65.08 vs. 41.86%), and the spontaneous miscarriage rate (2.44 vs. 22.22%) between the case and control groups. In the case group, nearly 1/3 (33.37%) of the embryos showed aneuploidy. According to the results of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotype analysis, the recombination rates of HBB (hemoglobin subunit beta) and HLA were 11.46% and 5.61% respectively. HLA gene recombination was mostly distributed between HLA-A and HLA-B and the downstream region of HLA-DQB1. In addition, STR analysis could be considered in the case of copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the region where the HLA gene is located. CONCLUSION Karyomapping contributes to accurate selection of matched embryos, along with aneuploidy screening. However, STRs assist identification in cases of LOH in the target region.
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8
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Gruhn JR, Zielinska AP, Shukla V, Blanshard R, Capalbo A, Cimadomo D, Nikiforov D, Chan ACH, Newnham LJ, Vogel I, Scarica C, Krapchev M, Taylor D, Kristensen SG, Cheng J, Ernst E, Bjørn AMB, Colmorn LB, Blayney M, Elder K, Liss J, Hartshorne G, Grøndahl ML, Rienzi L, Ubaldi F, McCoy R, Lukaszuk K, Andersen CY, Schuh M, Hoffmann ER. Chromosome errors in human eggs shape natural fertility over reproductive life span. Science 2019; 365:1466-1469. [PMID: 31604276 PMCID: PMC7212007 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav7321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome errors, or aneuploidy, affect an exceptionally high number of human conceptions, causing pregnancy loss and congenital disorders. Here, we have followed chromosome segregation in human oocytes from females aged 9 to 43 years and report that aneuploidy follows a U-curve. Specific segregation error types show different age dependencies, providing a quantitative explanation for the U-curve. Whole-chromosome nondisjunction events are preferentially associated with increased aneuploidy in young girls, whereas centromeric and more extensive cohesion loss limit fertility as women age. Our findings suggest that chromosomal errors originating in oocytes determine the curve of natural fertility in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Gruhn
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Agata P Zielinska
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Meiosis, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vallari Shukla
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert Blanshard
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
- Illumina Inc., Fulbourn, UK
| | | | - Danilo Cimadomo
- G.en.e.r.a., Centers for Reproductive Medicine, Clinica Valle Giulia, via de notaris 2b, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Dmitry Nikiforov
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Università degli studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Andrew Chi-Ho Chan
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise J Newnham
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Ivan Vogel
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catello Scarica
- DAHFMO, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Krapchev
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Deborah Taylor
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick and Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Coventry, UK
| | - Stine Gry Kristensen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Junping Cheng
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erik Ernst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Aarhus, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne-Mette Bay Bjørn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Aarhus, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lotte Berdiin Colmorn
- The Fertility Clinic, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | | | | | - Joanna Liss
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Geraldine Hartshorne
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick and Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Coventry, UK
| | - Marie Louise Grøndahl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark
| | - Laura Rienzi
- G.en.e.r.a., Centers for Reproductive Medicine, Clinica Valle Giulia, via de notaris 2b, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Ubaldi
- G.en.e.r.a., Centers for Reproductive Medicine, Clinica Valle Giulia, via de notaris 2b, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Rajiv McCoy
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Krzysztof Lukaszuk
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claus Yding Andersen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Melina Schuh
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Meiosis, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva R Hoffmann
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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9
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Destouni A, Dimitriadou E, Masset H, Debrock S, Melotte C, Van Den Bogaert K, Zamani Esteki M, Ding J, Voet T, Denayer E, de Ravel T, Legius E, Meuleman C, Peeraer K, Vermeesch JR. Genome-wide haplotyping embryos developing from 0PN and 1PN zygotes increases transferrable embryos in PGT-M. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:2302-2311. [PMID: 30383227 PMCID: PMC6238370 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can genome-wide haplotyping increase success following preimplantation genetic testing for a monogenic disorder (PGT-M) by including zygotes with absence of pronuclei (0PN) or the presence of only one pronucleus (1PN)? SUMMARY ANSWER Genome-wide haplotyping 0PNs and 1PNs increases the number of PGT-M cycles reaching embryo transfer (ET) by 81% and the live-birth rate by 75%. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Although a significant subset of 0PN and 1PN zygotes can develop into balanced, diploid and developmentally competent embryos, they are usually discarded because parental diploidy detection is not part of the routine work-up of PGT-M. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This prospective cohort study evaluated the pronuclear number in 2229 zygotes from 2337 injected metaphase II (MII) oocytes in 268 cycles. PGT-M for 0PN and 1PN embryos developing into Day 5/6 blastocysts with adequate quality for vitrification was performed in 42 of the 268 cycles (15.7%). In these 42 cycles, we genome-wide haplotyped 216 good quality embryos corresponding to 49 0PNs, 15 1PNs and 152 2PNs. The reported outcomes include parental contribution to embryonic ploidy, embryonic aneuploidy, genetic diagnosis for the monogenic disorder, cycles reaching ETs, pregnancy and live birth rates (LBR) for unaffected offspring. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Blastomere DNA was whole-genome amplified and hybridized on the Illumina Human CytoSNP12V2.1.1 BeadChip arrays. Subsequently, genome-wide haplotyping and copy-number profiling was applied to investigate the embryonic genome architecture. Bi-parental, unaffected embryos were transferred regardless of their initial zygotic PN score. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A staggering 75.51% of 0PN and 42.86% of 1PN blastocysts are diploid bi-parental allowing accurate genetic diagnosis for the monogenic disorder. In total, 31% (13/42) of the PGT-M cycles reached ET or could repeat ET with an unaffected 0PN or 1PN embryo. The LBR per initiated cycle increased from 9.52 to 16.67%. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The clinical efficacy of the routine inclusion of 0PN and 1PN zygotes in PGT-M cycles should be confirmed in larger cohorts from multicenter studies. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Genome-wide haplotyping allows the inclusion of 0PN and 1PN embryos and subsequently increases the cycles reaching ET following PGT-M and potentially PGT for aneuploidy (PGT-A) and chromosomal structural rearrangements (PGT-SR). Establishing measures of clinical efficacy could lead to an update of the ESHRE guidelines which advise against the use of these zygotes. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) SymBioSys (PFV/10/016 and C1/018 to J.R.V. and T.V.), the Horizon 2020 WIDENLIFE: 692065 to J.R.V., T.V., E.D., A.D. and M.Z.E. M.Z.E., T.V. and J.R.V. co-invented haplarithmisis (‘Haplotyping and copy-number typing using polymorphic variant allelic frequencies’), which has been licensed to Agilent Technologies. H.M. is fully supported by the (FWO) (ZKD1543-ASP/16). The authors have no competing interests to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aspasia Destouni
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eftychia Dimitriadou
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Heleen Masset
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sophie Debrock
- University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven University Fertility Center, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cindy Melotte
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kris Van Den Bogaert
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Masoud Zamani Esteki
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jia Ding
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thiery Voet
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Ellen Denayer
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomy de Ravel
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eric Legius
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christel Meuleman
- University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven University Fertility Center, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Peeraer
- University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven University Fertility Center, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris R Vermeesch
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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10
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McCollin A, Swann RL, Summers MC, Handyside AH, Ottolini CS. Abnormal cleavage and developmental arrest of human preimplantation embryos in vitro. Eur J Med Genet 2019; 63:103651. [PMID: 30995534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite improvements in culture conditions and laboratory techniques still only about 50% of human embryos reach the blastocyst stage of development in vitro. While many factors influence embryo development, aberrant cleavage divisions have only recently been shown to directly affect the genome in individual cells of human embryos resulting in chromosome loss, mosaicism and cell arrest. In this article we review the current literature in the area of aberrant cleavage in human embryos and its effect on blastocyst development. Further to this, we propose a series of common abnormal cleavage events, with particular attention to timing and frequency, and illustrate how these might influence a number of different embryo fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeo McCollin
- London Women's Clinic, One St Thomas Street, London, SE1 9RY, UK
| | | | - Michael C Summers
- London Women's Clinic, One St Thomas Street, London, SE1 9RY, UK; School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Alan H Handyside
- London Women's Clinic, One St Thomas Street, London, SE1 9RY, UK; School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Christian S Ottolini
- The Evewell, 61 Harley Street, London, W1G 8QU, UK; School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK.
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11
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Wang J, Zeng Y, Ding C, Cai B, Lu B, Li R, Xu Y, Xu Y, Zhou C. Preimplantation genetic testing of Robertsonian translocation by SNP array-based preimplantation genetic haplotyping. Prenat Diagn 2018; 38:547-554. [PMID: 29799617 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study attempted to confirm a method that distinguishes a balanced Robertsonian translocation carrier embryo from a truly normal embryo in parallel with comprehensive chromosome screening (CCS). METHODS Comprehensive chromosome screening was performed in 107 embryos from 11 couples carrying Robertsonian translocations. Among them, embryos from 2 families had been transferred before the diagnosis of translocation, which resulted in successful pregnancies; embryos from the remaining families were transferred after the identification of translocations. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes were acquired on a genome-wide basis, and breakpoint regions and flanking were assessed by establishing haplotypes. The predicted karyotypes from the transferred embryos were confirmed by prenatal diagnosis. RESULTS Among the 9 families finally undergoing translocation diagnosis, the amniotic cell karyotypes of 3 families were concordant with the results predicted by preimplantation genetic haplotyping, revealing a good consistency rate. After CCS, the euploid embryos from 2 other families could not be further detected because of the absence of abnormal embryos as probands. CONCLUSIONS Molecular karyotypes and haplotypes could be established with SNP microarray simultaneously in each embryo. SNP array-based PGT can simultaneously complete the CCS and identify Robertsonian translocation carriers, thus making it possible to prevent Robertsonian translocations from being passed to subsequent generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Zeng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenhui Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baomin Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Canquan Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Blanshard RC, Chen C, Xie XS, Hoffmann ER. Single cell genomics to study DNA and chromosome changes in human gametes and embryos. Methods Cell Biol 2018; 144:441-457. [PMID: 29804682 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Genomic and chromosomal changes occur with a high rate in the germline and preimplantation embryos. To study such changes directly in the germline of mammals requires access to material as well as single cell genomics. Recent improvements in embryology and single-cell DNA amplification make it possible to study the genomic changes directly in human oocytes, sperm, and preimplantation embryos. This is particularly important for the study of chromosome segregation directly in human oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Here, we present a practical approach how to obtain high quality DNA sequences and genotypes from single cells, using manual handling of the material that makes it possible to detect genomic changes in meiosis and mitosis spanning the entire range from single nucleotide changes to whole chromosome aneuploidies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Blanshard
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Clinical Genomics Group, Illumina Inc., Fulbourn, United Kingdom
| | - Chongyi Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Xiaoliang Sunney Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Beijing, China.
| | - Eva R Hoffmann
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Center for Chromosome Stability, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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13
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Zhang X, Mizukoshi M, Zhang H, Tan E, Igarashi Y, Suzuki Y, Mitsuyama S, Kinoshita S, Saito K, Watabe S, Asakawa S. Ultrahigh-Density Linkage Map Construction Using Low-Coverage Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Doubled Haploid Population: Case Study of Torafugu (Takifugu rubripes). Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9030120. [PMID: 29495372 PMCID: PMC5867841 DOI: 10.3390/genes9030120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing enables genome-wide genotyping of a large population and further facilitates the construction of a genetic linkage map. Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing has been employed for genetic linkage map construction in several species. However, this strategy generally requires available high-quality reference genomes and/or designed inbred pedigree lines, which restrict the scope of application for non-model and unsequenced species. Here, using torafugu (Takifugu rubripes) as a test model, we propose a new strategy for ultrahigh-density genetic linkage map construction using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of a haploid/doubled haploid (H/DH) population without above requirements. Low-coverage (≈1×) whole-genome sequencing data of 165 DH individuals were used for de novo assembly and further performed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) calling, resulting in the identification of 1,070,601 SNPs. Based on SNP genotypes and de novo assembly, genotypes were associated with short DNA segments and an ultrahigh-density linkage map was constructed containing information of 802,277 SNPs in 3090 unique positions. Comparative analyses showed near-perfect concordance between the present linkage map and the latest published torafugu genome (FUGU5). This strategy would facilitate ultrahigh-density linkage map construction in various sexually reproducing organisms for which H/DH populations can be generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Misaki Mizukoshi
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Engkong Tan
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Yoji Igarashi
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan.
| | - Susumu Mitsuyama
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Shigeharu Kinoshita
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Kazuyoshi Saito
- Akita Prefectural Fisheries Promotion Center, Oga, Akita 010-0531, Japan.
| | - Shugo Watabe
- School of Marine Bioscience, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Shuichi Asakawa
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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14
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Cimadomo D, Fabozzi G, Vaiarelli A, Ubaldi N, Ubaldi FM, Rienzi L. Impact of Maternal Age on Oocyte and Embryo Competence. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:327. [PMID: 30008696 PMCID: PMC6033961 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The overall success of human reproduction, either spontaneously or after IVF, is highly dependent upon maternal age. The main reasons for age-related infertility include reduced ovarian reserve and decreased oocyte/embryo competence due to aging insults, especially concerning an increased incidence of aneuploidies and possibly decreased mitochondrial activity. Age-related chromosomal abnormalities mainly arise because of meiotic impairments during oogenesis, following flawed chromosome segregation patterns such as non-disjunction, premature separation of sister chromatids, or the recent reverse segregation. In this review, we briefly discuss the main mechanisms putatively impaired by aging in the oocytes and the deriving embryos. We also report the main strategies proposed to improve the management of advanced maternal age women in IVF: fertility preservation through oocyte cryopreservation to prevent aging; optimization of the ovarian stimulation and enhancement of embryo selection to limit its effects; and oocyte donation to circumvent its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Cimadomo
- Clinica Valle Giulia, G.en.e.r.a. Centers for Reproductive Medicine, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Danilo Cimadomo,
| | - Gemma Fabozzi
- Clinica Valle Giulia, G.en.e.r.a. Centers for Reproductive Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Vaiarelli
- Clinica Valle Giulia, G.en.e.r.a. Centers for Reproductive Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicolò Ubaldi
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Ubaldi
- Clinica Valle Giulia, G.en.e.r.a. Centers for Reproductive Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Rienzi
- Clinica Valle Giulia, G.en.e.r.a. Centers for Reproductive Medicine, Rome, Italy
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15
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Alves I, Houle AA, Hussin JG, Awadalla P. The impact of recombination on human mutation load and disease. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 372:20160465. [PMID: 29109227 PMCID: PMC5698626 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombination promotes genomic integrity among cells and tissues through double-strand break repair, and is critical for gamete formation and fertility through a strict regulation of the molecular mechanisms associated with proper chromosomal disjunction. In humans, congenital defects and recurrent structural abnormalities can be attributed to aberrant meiotic recombination. Moreover, mutations affecting genes involved in recombination pathways are directly linked to pathologies including infertility and cancer. Recombination is among the most prominent mechanism shaping genome variation, and is associated with not only the structuring of genomic variability, but is also tightly linked with the purging of deleterious mutations from populations. Together, these observations highlight the multiple roles of recombination in human genetics: its ability to act as a major force of evolution, its molecular potential to maintain genome repair and integrity in cell division and its mutagenic cost impacting disease evolution.This article is part of the themed issue 'Evolutionary causes and consequences of recombination rate variation in sexual organisms'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Alves
- Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A3
| | - Armande Ang Houle
- Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A3
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Julie G Hussin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 5000 Rue Bélanger, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Philip Awadalla
- Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A3
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
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16
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Treff NR, Zimmerman RS. Advances in Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disease and Aneuploidy. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2017; 18:189-200. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-091416-035508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Treff
- Reproductive Medicine Associates of New Jersey, Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920
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17
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Tripolar mitosis and partitioning of the genome arrests human preimplantation development in vitro. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9744. [PMID: 28851957 PMCID: PMC5575028 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09693-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Following in vitro fertilisation (IVF), only about half of normally fertilised human embryos develop beyond cleavage and morula stages to form a blastocyst in vitro. Although many human embryos are aneuploid and genomically imbalanced, often as a result of meiotic errors inherited in the oocyte, these aneuploidies persist at the blastocyst stage and the reasons for the high incidence of developmental arrest remain unknown. Here we use genome-wide SNP genotyping and meiomapping of both polar bodies to identify maternal meiotic errors and karyomapping to fingerprint the parental chromosomes in single cells from disaggregated arrested embryos and excluded cells from blastocysts. Combined with time lapse imaging of development in culture, we demonstrate that tripolar mitoses in early cleavage cause chromosome dispersal to clones of cells with identical or closely related sub-diploid chromosome profiles resulting in intercellular partitioning of the genome. We hypothesise that following zygotic genome activation (ZGA), the combination of genomic imbalance and partial genome loss disrupts the normal pattern of embryonic gene expression blocking development at the morula-blastocyst transition. Failure to coordinate the cell cycle in early cleavage and regulate centrosome duplication is therefore a major cause of human preimplantation developmental arrest in vitro.
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