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Satou-Kobayashi Y, Takahashi S, Haramoto Y, Asashima M, Taira M. Zbtb11 interacts with Otx2 and patterns the anterior neuroectoderm in Xenopus. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0293852. [PMID: 39083515 PMCID: PMC11290676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 11 gene (zbtb11) is expressed in the Xenopus anterior neuroectoderm, but the molecular nature of the Zbtb11 protein during embryonic development remains to be elucidated. Here, we show the role of Zbtb11 in anterior patterning of the neuroectoderm and the cooperative action with the transcription factor Otx2. Both overexpression and knockdown of zbtb11 caused similar phenotypes: expanded expression of the posterior gene gbx2 in the neural plate, and later microcephaly with reduced eyes, suggesting that a proper level of zbtb11 expression is necessary for normal patterning of the neuroectoderm, including eye formation. Co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that Zbtb11 formed a complex with itself and with a phosphomimetic and repressive form of Otx2, suggesting that Zbtb11 forms a dimer or oligomer and interacts with Otx2 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Reporter analysis further showed that Zbtb11 enhanced the activity of the phosphomimetic Otx2 to repress a silencer element of the posterior gene meis3. These data suggest that Zbtb11 coordinates with phosphorylated Otx2 to specify the anterior neuroectoderm by repressing posterior genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeko Satou-Kobayashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Takahashi
- Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Haramoto
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Agri-Production Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Asashima
- Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Golovnin A, Melnikova L, Babosha V, Pokholkova GV, Slovohotov I, Umnova A, Maksimenko O, Zhimulev IF, Georgiev P. The N-Terminal Part of Drosophila CP190 Is a Platform for Interaction with Multiple Architectural Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15917. [PMID: 37958900 PMCID: PMC10648081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
CP190 is a co-factor in many Drosophila architectural proteins, being involved in the formation of active promoters and insulators. CP190 contains the N-terminal BTB/POZ (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac/POxvirus and Zinc finger) domain and adjacent conserved regions involved in protein interactions. Here, we examined the functional roles of these domains of CP190 in vivo. The best-characterized architectural proteins with insulator functions, Pita, Su(Hw), and dCTCF, interacted predominantly with the BTB domain of CP190. Due to the difficulty of mutating the BTB domain, we obtained a transgenic line expressing a chimeric CP190 with the BTB domain of the human protein Kaiso. Another group of architectural proteins, M1BP, Opbp, and ZIPIC, interacted with one or both of the highly conserved regions in the N-terminal part of CP190. Transgenic lines of D. melanogaster expressing CP190 mutants with a deletion of each of these domains were obtained. The results showed that these mutant proteins only partially compensated for the functions of CP190, weakly binding to selective chromatin sites. Further analysis confirmed the essential role of these domains in recruitment to regulatory regions associated with architectural proteins. We also found that the N-terminal of CP190 was sufficient for recruiting Z4 and Chromator proteins and successfully achieving chromatin opening. Taken together, our results and the results of previous studies showed that the N-terminal region of CP190 is a platform for simultaneous interaction with various DNA-binding architectural proteins and transcription complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Golovnin
- Department of Drosophila Molecular Genetics, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Larisa Melnikova
- Department of Drosophila Molecular Genetics, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Valentin Babosha
- Department of the Control of Genetic Processes, Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Galina V. Pokholkova
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia (I.F.Z.)
| | - Ivan Slovohotov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Anastasia Umnova
- Department of the Control of Genetic Processes, Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Oksana Maksimenko
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Igor F. Zhimulev
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia (I.F.Z.)
| | - Pavel Georgiev
- Department of the Control of Genetic Processes, Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
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Kingsley C, Kourtidis A. Critical roles of adherens junctions in diseases of the oral mucosa. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2084320. [PMID: 35659464 PMCID: PMC10161952 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2084320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is directly exposed to a variety of environmental stimuli and contains a diverse microbiome that continuously interacts with the oral epithelium. Therefore, establishment and maintenance of the barrier function of the oral mucosa is of paramount importance for its function and for the body's overall health. The adherens junction is a cell-cell adhesion complex that is essential for epithelial barrier function. Although a considerable body of work has associated barrier disruption with oral diseases, the molecular underpinnings of these associations have not been equally investigated. This is critical, since adherens junction components also possess significant signaling roles in the cell, in addition to their architectural ones. Here, we summarize current knowledge involving adherens junction components in oral pathologies, such as cancer and oral pathogen-related diseases, while we also discuss gaps in the knowledge and opportunities for future investigation of the relationship between adherens junctions and oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kingsley
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Salam H, Ahmed S, Bari MF, Bukhari U, Haider G, Najeeb S, Mughal N. Association of Kaiso and partner proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 18:802-811. [PMID: 36852243 PMCID: PMC9957818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives 1. Identification of protein expression and subcellular localization of E-cadherin (E-cad), p120 catenin (P120ctn), and Kaiso in oral cancer (OC). 2. To study the protein expression of cyclin D1 and c-Myc (Kaiso targets) and determine their relationship with the expression and localization of Kaiso. Methods Histological grading was performed in accordance with Broder's criteria. Expression and localization data for E-cad, p120ctn, Kaiso, cyclin D1, and c-Myc were acquired using immunohistochemistry. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. The chi-square test was used to measure the statistical significance of associations, with p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results Of 47 OC cases, 36% showed low E-cad expression and 34% showed low p120ctn. Low Kaiso expression was recognized in 78% of tumor specimens. Aberrant cytoplasmic localization of p120ctn was seen in 80.8% cases. Cytoplasmic Kaiso localization was appreciated in 87% of tumor tissues, whereas 29.7% lacked any nuclear Kaiso. Kaiso expression was significantly associated with the expression of cyclin D1 but not with c-Myc. Conclusion The present study identified a change in the localization of Kaiso in OC. The significance of this in relation to OC and tumor prognosis needs to be investigated with further studies using larger sample sizes and more sensitive molecular tools.
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Key Words
- AJ, Adherens junction
- BTB/POZ, Broad complex
- ChIP, Chromatin immunoprecipitation
- DDRRL, Dow Diagnostic Research and Reference Laboratory
- DNA, Deoxyribonucleic acid
- DUHS, Dow University of Health Sciences
- E-cad, E-cadherin
- E-cadherin
- FFPE, Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded
- H&E, Hematoxylin and eosin
- HPV, Human papilloma virus
- IHC, Immunohistochemistry
- KBS, Kaiso-binding site
- Kaiso protein
- MBP, Methyl CpG DNA-binding proteins
- OC, Oral cancer
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma
- SES, Socioeconomic status
- TNM, Tumor
- Tramtrack, and Bric a brac/poxvirus and zinc finger
- ZBTB33 protein
- ZF, Zinc finger
- c-Myc, Cellular Myc proteins
- node, metastasis
- p120ctn, p120-catenin
- qPCR, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Salam
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ibad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Pakistan,Corresponding address: Department of Oral Pathology, Dr Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha campus, Pakistan.
| | - Shaheen Ahmed
- Department of Oral Surgery, Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Bari
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ibad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi
| | - Uzma Bukhari
- Department of Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Haider
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Agha Khan University, Pakistan
| | - Shariq Najeeb
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Evidence Synthesis, Evidentia Dental Research, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nouman Mughal
- Department of Surgery, Agha Khan University, Pakistan
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5
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Ahmed S, Khan S, Qureshi MA, Bukhari U, Anis M, Mughal MN. Expressional variations of Kaiso: an association with pathological characteristics and field cancerization of OSCC. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:990. [PMID: 36115941 PMCID: PMC9482199 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A group of genetically altered cells that have not transformed into a clinical or histologically identifiable state of malignancy but contains a higher risk of transforming into one is known as the field of cancerization. Numerous molecules are being investigated for their significance in the development of this phenomenon. One such protein of this family is Kaiso also known as ZBTB33 (Zinc Finger and BTB Domain containing 33). This protein belongs to the POZ-ZF family of transcription factors and may have functional tasks similar to its other siblings such as the growth and development of vertebrates and the pathogenesis of neoplastic diseases. Nevertheless, its role in the pathogenesis, progression, epithelial mesenchyal transition and field cancerization in case of oral cancer still needs exploration. Hence, this study was designed to explore the expressional differences between the mucosa of controls and those diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Methods
Soft tissue samples were obtained from the main tumor, tumor periphery and opposite buccal mucosa of 50 oral cancer patients, whereas normal mucosa was taken from 50 volunteers undergoing elective tooth removal. The acquired samples were subjected to Immunohistochemical exploration for expression of Kaiso and E-Cadherin. The expression was measured using Image-J IHC profiler and summed as Optical density. The Optical density values were then subjected to statistical analysis.
Results
Results revealed a significant differential expression of Kaiso between the mucosal tissues taken from oral cancer patients and controls (p-value: < 0.0001), showing almost 50% down-regulation of Kaiso in all three tissue samples taken from oral cancer patients as compared to normal mucosa.
Conclusion
Kaiso has a significant difference of expression in the mucosa of oral cancer patients as compared to the mucosa of normal patients, making it a probable contributor to disease pathogenesis and field cancerization.
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Inhibitors of DNA Methylation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1389:471-513. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11454-0_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Beauchamp EM, Leventhal M, Bernard E, Hoppe ER, Todisco G, Creignou M, Gallì A, Castellano CA, McConkey M, Tarun A, Wong W, Schenone M, Stanclift C, Tanenbaum B, Malolepsza E, Nilsson B, Bick AG, Weinstock JS, Miller M, Niroula A, Dunford A, Taylor-Weiner A, Wood T, Barbera A, Anand S, Psaty BM, Desai P, Cho MH, Johnson AD, Loos R, MacArthur DG, Lek M, Neuberg DS, Lage K, Carr SA, Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Malcovati L, Papaemmanuil E, Stewart C, Getz G, Bradley RK, Jaiswal S, Ebert BL. ZBTB33 is mutated in clonal hematopoiesis and myelodysplastic syndromes and impacts RNA splicing. Blood Cancer Discov 2021; 2:500-517. [PMID: 34568833 PMCID: PMC8462124 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-20-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis results from somatic mutations in cancer driver genes in hematopoietic stem cells. We sought to identify novel drivers of clonal expansion using an unbiased analysis of sequencing data from 84,683 persons and identified common mutations in the 5-methylcytosine reader, ZBTB33, as well as in YLPM1, SRCAP, and ZNF318. We also identified these mutations at low frequency in myelodysplastic syndrome patients. Zbtb33 edited mouse hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells exhibited a competitive advantage in vivo and increased genome-wide intron retention. ZBTB33 mutations potentially link DNA methylation and RNA splicing, the two most commonly mutated pathways in clonal hematopoiesis and MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M Beauchamp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew Leventhal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Elsa Bernard
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Emma R Hoppe
- Computational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Gabriele Todisco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, and Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Creignou
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Gallì
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, and Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cecilia A Castellano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Marie McConkey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Akansha Tarun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Waihay Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Monica Schenone
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Caroline Stanclift
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin Tanenbaum
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Edyta Malolepsza
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Björn Nilsson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander G Bick
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joshua S Weinstock
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mendy Miller
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Abhishek Niroula
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Dunford
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Amaro Taylor-Weiner
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy Wood
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Alex Barbera
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shankara Anand
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Pinkal Desai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Michael H Cho
- Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Center for Population Studies, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Ruth Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Daniel G MacArthur
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Centre for Population Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Population Genomics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Monkol Lek
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Donna S Neuberg
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kasper Lage
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Eva Hellstrom-Lindberg
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luca Malcovati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, and Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elli Papaemmanuil
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Chip Stewart
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert K Bradley
- Computational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Siddhartha Jaiswal
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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8
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Xiang T, He K, Wang S, Chen W, Li H. Expression of Zinc Finger and BTB Domain-Containing 4 in Colorectal Cancer and Its Clinical Significance. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:9621-9626. [PMID: 33116821 PMCID: PMC7547138 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s266529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 4 (ZBTB4), which is a transcriptional regulator, has been identified as a tumor suppressor in several human carcinomas. So far, however, the expression of ZBTB4 and its possible clinical significance in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unknown. Materials and Methods The mRNA and protein expressions of ZBTB4 in five CRC cell lines were respectively detected by performing qRT-PCR and Western Blotting. ZBTB4 expression in colorectal tissue specimens was determined, and subsequently its relationship with clinical prognosis was examined. Results The mRNA and protein expressions of ZBTB4 were significantly decreased in all the five CRC cell lines compared with normal colonic epithelial cells. Consistent with the cell data, immunohistochemical results showed that as compared with the normal colorectal tissue samples, ZBTB4 protein expression was clearly lower in the CRC tissue samples, especially in CRC patients with liver metastasis. In addition, low-expressed ZBTB4 was found associated with tumor metastasis stage (P=0.0003) and level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (P=0.0004). The overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the ZBTB4-low group were significantly lower than those in the ZBTB4-high group (P=0.0007 and P=0.0077). Conclusion The current findings showed that patients with high-expressed ZBTB4 in CRC tissues may develop a better prognosis, and ZBTB4 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangxin He
- Department of Infection, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Saisai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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9
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Pieters T, Sanders E, Tian H, van Hengel J, van Roy F. Neural defects caused by total and Wnt1-Cre mediated ablation of p120ctn in mice. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2020; 20:17. [PMID: 32741376 PMCID: PMC7398255 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-020-00222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Background p120 catenin (p120ctn) is an important component in the cadherin-catenin cell adhesion complex because it stabilizes cadherin-mediated intercellular junctions. Outside these junctions, p120ctn is actively involved in the regulation of small GTPases of the Rho family, in actomyosin dynamics and in transcription regulation. We and others reported that loss of p120ctn in mouse embryos results in an embryonic lethal phenotype, but the exact developmental role of p120ctn during brain formation has not been reported. Results We combined floxed p120ctn mice with Del-Cre or Wnt1-Cre mice to deplete p120ctn from either all cells or specific brain and neural crest cells. Complete loss of p120ctn in mid-gestation embryos resulted in an aberrant morphology, including growth retardation, failure to switch from lordotic to fetal posture, and defective neural tube formation and neurogenesis. By expressing a wild-type p120ctn from the ROSA26 locus in p120ctn-null mouse embryonic stem cells, we could partially rescue neurogenesis. To further investigate the developmental role of p120ctn in neural tube formation, we generated conditional p120ctnfl/fl;Wnt1Cre knockout mice. p120ctn deletion in Wnt1-expressing cells resulted in neural tube closure defects (NTDs) and craniofacial abnormalities. These defects could not be correlated with misregulation of brain marker genes or cell proliferation. In contrast, we found that p120ctn is required for proper expression of the cell adhesion components N-cadherin, E-cadherin and β-catenin, and of actin-binding proteins cortactin and Shroom3 at the apical side of neural folds. This region is of critical importance for closure of neural folds. Surprisingly, the lateral side of mutant neural folds showed loss of p120ctn, but not of N-cadherin, β-catenin or cortactin. Conclusions These results indicate that p120ctn is required for neurogenesis and neurulation. Elimination of p120ctn in cells expressing Wnt1 affects neural tube closure by hampering correct formation of specific adhesion and actomyosin complexes at the apical side of neural folds. Collectively, our results demonstrate the crucial role of p120ctn during brain morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Pieters
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Present address: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ellen Sanders
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Present address: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Huiyu Tian
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Present address: Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jolanda van Hengel
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Present address: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans van Roy
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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10
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Villarroel A, Del Valle-Pérez B, Fuertes G, Curto J, Ontiveros N, Garcia de Herreros A, Duñach M. Src and Fyn define a new signaling cascade activated by canonical and non-canonical Wnt ligands and required for gene transcription and cell invasion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:919-935. [PMID: 31312879 PMCID: PMC11104847 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Wnt ligands signal through canonical or non-canonical signaling pathways. Although both routes share common elements, such as the Fz2 receptor, they differ in the co-receptor and in many of the final responses; for instance, whereas canonical Wnts increase β-catenin stability, non-canonical ligands downregulate it. However, both types of ligands stimulate tumor cell invasion. We show here that both the canonical Wnt3a and the non-canonical Wnt5a stimulate Fz2 tyrosine phosphorylation, Fyn binding to Fz2, Fyn activation and Fyn-dependent Stat3 phosphorylation. Wnt3a and Wnt5a require Src for Fz2 tyrosine phosphorylation; Src binds to canonical and non-canonical co-receptors (LRP5/6 and Ror2, respectively) and is activated by Wnt3a and Wnt5a. This Fz2/Fyn/Stat3 branch is incompatible with the classical Fz2/Dvl2 pathway as shown by experiments of over-expression or depletion. Fyn is necessary for transcription of genes associated with invasiveness, such as Snail1, and for activation of cell invasion by both Wnt ligands. Our results extend the knowledge about canonical Wnt pathways, demonstrating additional roles for Fyn in this pathway and describing how this protein kinase is activated by both canonical and non-canonical Wnts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Villarroel
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Beatriz Del Valle-Pérez
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Guillem Fuertes
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Josué Curto
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Neus Ontiveros
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia de Herreros
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Unidad Asociada CSIC, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, c/Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Ciències, Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireia Duñach
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
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11
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Wu X, Yang Y, Zhong C, Guo Y, Li S, Lin H, Liu X. Transcriptome profiling of laser-captured germ cells and functional characterization of zbtb40 during 17alpha-methyltestosterone-induced spermatogenesis in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:73. [PMID: 31973692 PMCID: PMC6979330 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatogenesis is an intricate process regulated by a finely organized network. The orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) is a protogynous hermaphroditic fish, but the regulatory mechanism of its spermatogenesis is not well-understood. In the present study, transcriptome sequencing of the male germ cells isolated from orange-spotted grouper was performed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying spermatogenesis. RESULTS In this study, the orange-spotted grouper was induced to change sex from female to male by 17alpha-methyltestosterone (MT) implantation. During the spermatogenesis, male germ cells (spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa) were isolated by laser capture microdissection. Transcriptomic analysis for the isolated cells was performed. A total of 244,984,338 clean reads were generated from four cDNA libraries. Real-time PCR results of 13 genes related to sex differentiation and hormone metabolism indicated that transcriptome data are reliable. RNA-seq data showed that the female-related genes and genes involved in hormone metabolism were highly expressed in spermatogonia and spermatozoa, suggesting that these genes participate in the spermatogenesis. Interestingly, the expression of zbtb family genes showed significantly changes in the RNA-seq data, and their expression patterns were further examined during spermatogenesis. The analysis of cellular localization of Eczbtb40 and the co-localization of Eczbtb40 and Eccyp17a1 in different gonadal stages suggested that Eczbtb40 might interact with Eccyp17a1 during spermatogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our study, for the first time, investigated the transcriptome of the male germ cells from orange-spotted grouper, and identified functional genes, GO terms, and KEGG pathways involved in spermatogenesis. Furthermore, Eczbtb40 was first characterized and its role during spermatogenesis was predicted. These data will contribute to future studies on the molecular mechanism of spermatogenesis in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Chaoyue Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Yin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Shuisheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Haoran Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Zhuhai, 519000 People’s Republic of China
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12
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Cheng Y, He C, Wang M, Ma X, Mo F, Yang S, Han J, Wei X. Targeting epigenetic regulators for cancer therapy: mechanisms and advances in clinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:62. [PMID: 31871779 PMCID: PMC6915746 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 577] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alternations concern heritable yet reversible changes in histone or DNA modifications that regulate gene activity beyond the underlying sequence. Epigenetic dysregulation is often linked to human disease, notably cancer. With the development of various drugs targeting epigenetic regulators, epigenetic-targeted therapy has been applied in the treatment of hematological malignancies and has exhibited viable therapeutic potential for solid tumors in preclinical and clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the aberrant functions of enzymes in DNA methylation, histone acetylation and histone methylation during tumor progression and highlight the development of inhibitors of or drugs targeted at epigenetic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cai He
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Mo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junhong Han
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Cofre J, Saalfeld K, Abdelhay E. Cancer as an Embryological Phenomenon and Its Developmental Pathways: A Hypothesis regarding the Contribution of the Noncanonical Wnt Pathway. ScientificWorldJournal 2019; 2019:4714781. [PMID: 30940992 PMCID: PMC6421044 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4714781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For gastrulation to occur in human embryos, a mechanism that simultaneously regulates many different processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and invasion, is required to consistently and effectively create a human being during embryonic morphogenesis. The striking similarities in the processes of cancer and gastrulation have prompted speculation regarding the developmental pathways involved in their regulation. One of the fundamental requirements for the developmental pathways in gastrulation and cancer is the ability to respond to environmental stimuli, and it has been proposed that the Kaiso and noncanonical Wnt pathways participate in the mechanisms regulating these developmental pathways. In particular, these pathways might also explain the notable differences in invasive capacity between cancers of endodermal and mesodermal origins and cancers of ectodermal origin. Nevertheless, the available information indicates that cancer is an abnormal state of adult human cells in which developmental pathways are reactivated in inappropriate temporal and spatial contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Cofre
- Laboratório de Embriologia Molecular e Câncer, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Sala 313b, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Kay Saalfeld
- Laboratório de Filogenia Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eliana Abdelhay
- Divisão de Laboratórios do CEMO, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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14
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Zhu C, Chen G, Zhao Y, Gao XM, Wang J. Regulation of the Development and Function of B Cells by ZBTB Transcription Factors. Front Immunol 2018; 9:580. [PMID: 29616049 PMCID: PMC5869932 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The large ZBTB family comprises a diverse group of transcriptional factors. Several ZBTB proteins have emerged as critical factors that regulate the lineage commitment, differentiation, and function of lymphoid cells as well as many other developmental events. For instance, dysfunctions of ZBTB20 or ZBTB24 have been linked to multisystem failures in humans. Within the B-cell lineage, BCL6, ZBTB7A, ZBTB17, and ZBTB1 regulate the development/differentiation of B cells in both bone marrow and peripheral lymphoid organs, while ZBTB20 and ZBTB32 seem to mainly impact the maintenance of terminal plasma cells. Given the importance of B cells in the prevention and treatment of infectious or autoimmune disorders, we herein summarize the roles of seven ZBTB family members (BCL6, ZBTB7A, ZBTB17, ZBTB20, ZBTB32, ZBTB1, and ZBTB24) in the development, differentiation, and function of B cells as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ge Chen
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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15
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Witkowski MT, Hu Y, Roberts KG, Boer JM, McKenzie MD, Liu GJ, Le Grice OD, Tremblay CS, Ghisi M, Willson TA, Horstmann MA, Aifantis I, Cimmino L, Frietze S, den Boer ML, Mullighan CG, Smyth GK, Dickins RA. Conserved IKAROS-regulated genes associated with B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia outcome. J Exp Med 2017; 214:773-791. [PMID: 28190000 PMCID: PMC5339666 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations disrupting the transcription factor IKZF1 (encoding IKAROS) are associated with poor outcome in B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and occur in >70% of the high-risk BCR-ABL1+ (Ph+) and Ph-like disease subtypes. To examine IKAROS function in this context, we have developed novel mouse models allowing reversible RNAi-based control of Ikaros expression in established B-ALL in vivo. Notably, leukemias driven by combined BCR-ABL1 expression and Ikaros suppression rapidly regress when endogenous Ikaros is restored, causing sustained disease remission or ablation. Comparison of transcriptional profiles accompanying dynamic Ikaros perturbation in murine B-ALL in vivo with two independent human B-ALL cohorts identified nine evolutionarily conserved IKAROS-repressed genes. Notably, high expression of six of these genes is associated with inferior event-free survival in both patient cohorts. Among them are EMP1, which was recently implicated in B-ALL proliferation and prednisolone resistance, and the novel target CTNND1, encoding P120-catenin. We demonstrate that elevated Ctnnd1 expression contributes to maintenance of murine B-ALL cells with compromised Ikaros function. These results suggest that IKZF1 alterations in B-ALL leads to induction of multiple genes associated with proliferation and treatment resistance, identifying potential new therapeutic targets for high-risk disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Witkowski
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Molecular Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yifang Hu
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathryn G Roberts
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Judith M Boer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, 3015 CN Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mark D McKenzie
- Molecular Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grace J Liu
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Molecular Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oliver D Le Grice
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Molecular Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cedric S Tremblay
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Margherita Ghisi
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Tracy A Willson
- Molecular Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin A Horstmann
- Research Institute Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Luisa Cimmino
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Seth Frietze
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Monique L den Boer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, 3015 CN Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Dutch Childhood Oncology Group, 2545 The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Gordon K Smyth
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross A Dickins
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia .,Molecular Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Tenhagen M, Klarenbeek S, Braumuller TM, Hofmann I, van der Groep P, Ter Hoeve N, van der Wall E, Jonkers J, Derksen PWB. p120-Catenin Is Critical for the Development of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma in Mice. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2016; 21:81-88. [PMID: 27411687 PMCID: PMC5159444 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-016-9358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of E-cadherin expression is causal to the development of invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC). E-cadherin loss leads to dismantling of the adherens junction and subsequent translocation of p120-catenin (p120) to the cytosol and nucleus. Although p120 is critical for the metastatic potential of ILC through the regulation of Rock-dependent anoikis resistance, it remains unknown whether p120 also contributes to ILC development. Using genetically engineered mouse models with mammary gland-specific inactivation of E-cadherin, p120 and p53, we demonstrate that ILC formation induced by E-cadherin and p53 loss is severely impaired upon concomitant inactivation of p120. Tumors that developed in the triple-knockout mice were mostly basal sarcomatoid carcinomas that displayed overt nuclear atypia and multinucleation. In line with the strong reduction in ILC incidence in triple-knockout mice compared to E-cadherin and p53 double-knockout mice, no functional redundancy of p120 family members was observed in mouse ILC development, as expression and localization of ARVCF, p0071 or δ-catenin was unaltered in ILCs from triple-knockout mice. In conclusion, we show that loss of p120 in the context of the p53-deficient mouse models is dominant over E-cadherin inactivation and its inactivation promotes the development of basal, epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT)-type invasive mammary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milou Tenhagen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Klarenbeek
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanya M Braumuller
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Hofmann
- Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra van der Groep
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Natalie Ter Hoeve
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elsken van der Wall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick W B Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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17
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Zhang L, Gallup M, Zlock L, Feeling Chen YT, Finkbeiner WE, McNamara NA. Cigarette Smoke Mediates Nuclear to Cytoplasmic Trafficking of Transcriptional Inhibitor Kaiso through MUC1 and P120-Catenin. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:3146-3159. [PMID: 27765636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death, and 87% of these deaths are directly attributable to smoking. Using three-dimensional cultures of primary human bronchial epithelial cells, we demonstrated that loss of adherens junction protein, epithelial cadherin, and the aberrant interaction of its adherens junction binding partner, p120-catenin (p120ctn), with the cytoplasmic tail of apical mucin-1 (MUC1-CT) represent initiating steps in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Smoke provoked the rapid nuclear entry of p120ctn in complex with MUC1-CT that was inhibited using the MUC1-CT inhibitory peptides, PMIP and GO-201. Nuclear entry of p120ctn promoted its interaction with transcriptional repressor kaiso and the rapid shuttling of kaiso to the cytoplasm. Nuclear exit of kaiso permitted the up-regulation of oncogenic transcription factors Fos/phospho-Ser32 Fos, FosB, Fra1/phospho-Ser265 Fra1, which was inhibited through suppression of p120ctn's nuclear export using leptomycin-B. These data indicated that smoke-induced nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation of kaiso depends on the nuclear import of p120ctn in complex with MUC1-CT and the nuclear export of kaiso in complex with p120ctn. The presence of MUC1-CT/p120ctn and p120ctn/kaiso complexes in lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma specimens from human patients confirms the clinical relevance of these events. Thus, enhancing kaiso's suppressor role of protumor genes by sequestering kaiso in the nucleus of a smoker's airway epithelium may represent a novel approach of treating lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Marianne Gallup
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Lorna Zlock
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Yu Ting Feeling Chen
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Walter E Finkbeiner
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Nancy A McNamara
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Anatomy and Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; School of Optometry and Vision Science Graduate Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
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18
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Knockout Zbtb33 gene results in an increased locomotion, exploration and pre-pulse inhibition in mice. Behav Brain Res 2016; 297:76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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LRF maintains genome integrity by regulating the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. Nat Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9325 and 1880=1880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractLeukemia/lymphoma-related factor (LRF) is a POZ/BTB and Krüppel (POK) transcriptional repressor characterized by context-dependent key roles in cell fate decision and tumorigenesis. Here we demonstrate an unexpected transcription-independent function for LRF in the classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair. We find that LRF loss in cell lines and mouse tissues results in defective cNHEJ, genomic instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we show that LRF binds and stabilizes DNA-PKcs on DSBs, in turn favouring DNA-PK activity. Importantly, LRF loss restores ionizing radiation sensitivity to p53 null cells, making LRF an attractive biomarker to direct p53-null LRF-deficient tumours towards therapeutic treatments based on genotoxic agents or PARP inhibitors following a synthetic lethal strategy.
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20
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LRF maintains genome integrity by regulating the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. Nat Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9325 order by 1-- #] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractLeukemia/lymphoma-related factor (LRF) is a POZ/BTB and Krüppel (POK) transcriptional repressor characterized by context-dependent key roles in cell fate decision and tumorigenesis. Here we demonstrate an unexpected transcription-independent function for LRF in the classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair. We find that LRF loss in cell lines and mouse tissues results in defective cNHEJ, genomic instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we show that LRF binds and stabilizes DNA-PKcs on DSBs, in turn favouring DNA-PK activity. Importantly, LRF loss restores ionizing radiation sensitivity to p53 null cells, making LRF an attractive biomarker to direct p53-null LRF-deficient tumours towards therapeutic treatments based on genotoxic agents or PARP inhibitors following a synthetic lethal strategy.
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21
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LRF maintains genome integrity by regulating the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. Nat Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9325 order by 8029-- -] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractLeukemia/lymphoma-related factor (LRF) is a POZ/BTB and Krüppel (POK) transcriptional repressor characterized by context-dependent key roles in cell fate decision and tumorigenesis. Here we demonstrate an unexpected transcription-independent function for LRF in the classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair. We find that LRF loss in cell lines and mouse tissues results in defective cNHEJ, genomic instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we show that LRF binds and stabilizes DNA-PKcs on DSBs, in turn favouring DNA-PK activity. Importantly, LRF loss restores ionizing radiation sensitivity to p53 null cells, making LRF an attractive biomarker to direct p53-null LRF-deficient tumours towards therapeutic treatments based on genotoxic agents or PARP inhibitors following a synthetic lethal strategy.
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LRF maintains genome integrity by regulating the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8325. [PMID: 26446488 PMCID: PMC4633636 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia/lymphoma-related factor (LRF) is a POZ/BTB and Krüppel (POK) transcriptional repressor characterized by context-dependent key roles in cell fate decision and tumorigenesis. Here we demonstrate an unexpected transcription-independent function for LRF in the classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair. We find that LRF loss in cell lines and mouse tissues results in defective cNHEJ, genomic instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we show that LRF binds and stabilizes DNA-PKcs on DSBs, in turn favouring DNA-PK activity. Importantly, LRF loss restores ionizing radiation sensitivity to p53 null cells, making LRF an attractive biomarker to direct p53-null LRF-deficient tumours towards therapeutic treatments based on genotoxic agents or PARP inhibitors following a synthetic lethal strategy.
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LRF maintains genome integrity by regulating the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. Nat Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9325 order by 8029-- #] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractLeukemia/lymphoma-related factor (LRF) is a POZ/BTB and Krüppel (POK) transcriptional repressor characterized by context-dependent key roles in cell fate decision and tumorigenesis. Here we demonstrate an unexpected transcription-independent function for LRF in the classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair. We find that LRF loss in cell lines and mouse tissues results in defective cNHEJ, genomic instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we show that LRF binds and stabilizes DNA-PKcs on DSBs, in turn favouring DNA-PK activity. Importantly, LRF loss restores ionizing radiation sensitivity to p53 null cells, making LRF an attractive biomarker to direct p53-null LRF-deficient tumours towards therapeutic treatments based on genotoxic agents or PARP inhibitors following a synthetic lethal strategy.
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Liu XS, Chandramouly G, Rass E, Guan Y, Wang G, Hobbs RM, Rajendran A, Xie A, Shah JV, Davis AJ, Scully R, Lunardi A, Pandolfi PP. LRF maintains genome integrity by regulating the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. Nat Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9325 order by 1-- -] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractLeukemia/lymphoma-related factor (LRF) is a POZ/BTB and Krüppel (POK) transcriptional repressor characterized by context-dependent key roles in cell fate decision and tumorigenesis. Here we demonstrate an unexpected transcription-independent function for LRF in the classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair. We find that LRF loss in cell lines and mouse tissues results in defective cNHEJ, genomic instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we show that LRF binds and stabilizes DNA-PKcs on DSBs, in turn favouring DNA-PK activity. Importantly, LRF loss restores ionizing radiation sensitivity to p53 null cells, making LRF an attractive biomarker to direct p53-null LRF-deficient tumours towards therapeutic treatments based on genotoxic agents or PARP inhibitors following a synthetic lethal strategy.
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Liu XS, Chandramouly G, Rass E, Guan Y, Wang G, Hobbs RM, Rajendran A, Xie A, Shah JV, Davis AJ, Scully R, Lunardi A, Pandolfi PP. LRF maintains genome integrity by regulating the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. Nat Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9325 order by 1-- gadu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractLeukemia/lymphoma-related factor (LRF) is a POZ/BTB and Krüppel (POK) transcriptional repressor characterized by context-dependent key roles in cell fate decision and tumorigenesis. Here we demonstrate an unexpected transcription-independent function for LRF in the classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair. We find that LRF loss in cell lines and mouse tissues results in defective cNHEJ, genomic instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we show that LRF binds and stabilizes DNA-PKcs on DSBs, in turn favouring DNA-PK activity. Importantly, LRF loss restores ionizing radiation sensitivity to p53 null cells, making LRF an attractive biomarker to direct p53-null LRF-deficient tumours towards therapeutic treatments based on genotoxic agents or PARP inhibitors following a synthetic lethal strategy.
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Liu XS, Chandramouly G, Rass E, Guan Y, Wang G, Hobbs RM, Rajendran A, Xie A, Shah JV, Davis AJ, Scully R, Lunardi A, Pandolfi PP. LRF maintains genome integrity by regulating the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. Nat Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9325 order by 8029-- awyx] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractLeukemia/lymphoma-related factor (LRF) is a POZ/BTB and Krüppel (POK) transcriptional repressor characterized by context-dependent key roles in cell fate decision and tumorigenesis. Here we demonstrate an unexpected transcription-independent function for LRF in the classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair. We find that LRF loss in cell lines and mouse tissues results in defective cNHEJ, genomic instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we show that LRF binds and stabilizes DNA-PKcs on DSBs, in turn favouring DNA-PK activity. Importantly, LRF loss restores ionizing radiation sensitivity to p53 null cells, making LRF an attractive biomarker to direct p53-null LRF-deficient tumours towards therapeutic treatments based on genotoxic agents or PARP inhibitors following a synthetic lethal strategy.
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Pierre CC, Longo J, Mavor M, Milosavljevic SB, Chaudhary R, Gilbreath E, Yates C, Daniel JM. Kaiso overexpression promotes intestinal inflammation and potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc(Min/+) mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1846-55. [PMID: 26073433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a key contributor to colorectal cancer (CRC). Although inactivation of the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is recognized as an early event in CRC development, it is the accumulation of multiple subsequent oncogenic insults facilitates malignant transformation. One potential contributor to colorectal carcinogenesis is the POZ-ZF transcription factor Kaiso, whose depletion extends lifespan and delays polyp onset in the widely used Apc(Min/+) mouse model of intestinal cancer. These findings suggested that Kaiso potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis, but this was paradoxical as Kaiso was previously implicated as a negative regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. To resolve Kaiso's role in intestinal tumorigenesis and canonical Wnt signaling, we generated a transgenic mouse model (Kaiso(Tg/+)) expressing an intestinal-specific myc-tagged Kaiso transgene. We then mated Kaiso(Tg/+) and Apc(Min/+) mice to generate Kaiso(Tg/+):Apc(Min/+) mice for further characterization. Kaiso(Tg/+):Apc(Min/+) mice exhibited reduced lifespan and increased polyp multiplicity compared to Apc(Min/+) mice. Consistent with this murine phenotype, we found increased Kaiso expression in human CRC tissue, supporting a role for Kaiso in human CRC. Interestingly, Wnt target gene expression was increased in Kaiso(Tg/+):Apc(Min/+) mice, suggesting that Kaiso's function as a negative regulator of canonical Wnt signaling, as seen in Xenopus, is not maintained in this context. Notably, Kaiso(Tg/+):Apc(Min/+) mice exhibited increased inflammation and activation of NFκB signaling compared to their Apc(Min/+) counterparts. This phenotype was consistent with our previous report that Kaiso(Tg/+) mice exhibit chronic intestinal inflammation. Together our findings highlight a role for Kaiso in promoting Wnt signaling, inflammation and tumorigenesis in the mammalian intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina C Pierre
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Joseph Longo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Meaghan Mavor
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | | | - Roopali Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Ebony Gilbreath
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nursing and Allied Health, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology, Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Juliet M Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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RhoGTPases as key players in mammalian cell adaptation to microgravity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:747693. [PMID: 25649831 PMCID: PMC4310447 DOI: 10.1155/2015/747693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of studies are revealing that cells reorganize their cytoskeleton when exposed to conditions of microgravity. Most, if not all, of the structural changes observed on flown cells can be explained by modulation of RhoGTPases, which are mechanosensitive switches responsible for cytoskeletal dynamics control. This review identifies general principles defining cell sensitivity to gravitational stresses. We discuss what is known about changes in cell shape, nucleus, and focal adhesions and try to establish the relationship with specific RhoGTPase activities. We conclude by considering the potential relevance of live imaging of RhoGTPase activity or cytoskeletal structures in order to enhance our understanding of cell adaptation to microgravity-related conditions.
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Abstract
In today's world, the pursuit of a novel anti-cancer agent remains top priority because of the fact that the global burden of this malady is continuously increasing. Our work is no different from others in searching for new therapeutic solutions. To achieve this, we are looking into Epigenetics, the phenomenon governed by hypermethylation and hypomethylation of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, respectively. Our target for this study is an important intermediary methyl-CpG binding protein named kaiso. In our study, we have used the X-ray crystallographic structure of Kaiso for virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations to study the binding modes of possible inhibitors. The C2H2 domain comprising LYS539 was used for screening the inter bio screen Database having 48,531 natural compounds. Our approach of using computer-aided drug designing methods helped us to remove the execrable compounds and narrowed our focus on a selected few for molecular simulation studies. The top ranked compound (chem. ID 28127) exhibited the highest binding affinity and was also found to be stable throughout the 20 ns timeframe. This compound is therefore a good starting point for developing strong inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Anjum Chikan
- a Medical Biotechnology Division, School of Bio Sciences and Technology , VIT University , Vellore 632014 , Tamilnadu , India
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30
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Koh DI, Han D, Ryu H, Choi WI, Jeon BN, Kim MK, Kim Y, Kim JY, Parry L, Clarke AR, Reynolds AB, Hur MW. KAISO, a critical regulator of p53-mediated transcription of CDKN1A and apoptotic genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:15078-83. [PMID: 25288747 PMCID: PMC4210320 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1318780111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An unresolved issue in genotoxic stress response is identification of induced regulatory proteins and how these activate tumor suppressor p53 to determine appropriate cell responses. Transcription factor KAISO was previously described to repress transcription following binding to methylated DNA. In this study, we show that KAISO is induced by DNA damage in p53-expressing cells and then interacts with the p53-p300 complex to increase acetylation of p53 K320 and K382 residues, although decreasing K381 acetylation. Moreover, the p53 with this particular acetylation pattern shows increased DNA binding and potently induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by activating transcription of CDKN1A (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1) and various apoptotic genes. Analogously, in Kaiso KO mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, p53-to-promoter binding and up-regulation of p21 and apoptosis gene expression is significantly compromised. KAISO may therefore be a critical regulator of p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to various genotoxic stresses in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-In Koh
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University School of Medicine, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Hoon Ryu
- VA Boston Healthcare System and Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02130
| | - Won-Il Choi
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University School of Medicine, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Bu-Nam Jeon
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University School of Medicine, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Min-Kyeong Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University School of Medicine, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
| | - Lee Parry
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, United Kingdom; and
| | - Alan R Clarke
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, United Kingdom; and
| | - Albert B Reynolds
- Department of Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2175
| | - Man-Wook Hur
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University School of Medicine, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 120-752, Korea;
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Li X, Yang N, Zhang Y, Li H, Yin T, Sun L, Li G. Sensitive Detection of Transcription Factor Kaiso via Self-Assembly of DNA on an Electrode Surface. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Shumskaya VS, Zhigalova NA, Prokhorchouk AV, Prokhorchouk EB. Distribution of Kaiso protein in mouse tissues. Histochem Cell Biol 2014; 143:29-43. [PMID: 25182933 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-014-1261-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The Kaiso protein was originally described as a BTB/POZ zinc-finger transcription factor and a p120-catenin-binding partner. It is a DNA methylation-dependent transcriptional repressor, but its biological role in mice is still unknown. Here, we characterized a Kaiso-specific antibody by examining Kaiso protein distribution by immunofluorescence microscopy in the following tissues and cell types of adult mice: skin, small intestine, mammary glands, urinary bladder, and others. This study is the first to demonstrate that Kaiso is expressed in most of the examined tissues. Kaiso was localized to the nucleus in almost all tissues. However, it was primarily cytoplasmic in photoreceptor cells in the eye (rods and cones). Furthermore, Kaiso is expressed in a specific subset of male germ cells that are characterized by partly positive PLZF and Bmi-1 staining. In this study, we present the first confirmation of the reliability of expression data using Kaiso knockout mice.
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Choi S, Bird AJ. Zinc'ing sensibly: controlling zinc homeostasis at the transcriptional level. Metallomics 2014; 6:1198-215. [PMID: 24722954 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00064a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Zinc-responsive transcription factors are found in all kingdoms of life and include the transcriptional activators ZntR, SczA, Zap1, bZip19, bZip23, and MTF-1, and transcriptional repressors Zur, AdcR, Loz1, and SmtB. These factors have two defining features; their activity is regulated by zinc and they all play a central role in zinc homeostasis by controlling the expression of genes that directly affect zinc levels or its availability. This review summarizes what is known about the mechanisms by which each of these factors sense changes in intracellular zinc levels and how they control zinc homeostasis through target gene regulation. Other factors that influence zinc ion sensing are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyong Choi
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Rappe U, Schlechter T, Aschoff M, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Hofmann I. Nuclear ARVCF protein binds splicing factors and contributes to the regulation of alternative splicing. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12421-34. [PMID: 24644279 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.530717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The armadillo repeat protein ARVCF is a component of adherens junctions. Similar to related proteins, such as p120-catenin and β-catenin, with known signaling functions, localization studies indicate a cytoplasmic and a nuclear pool of ARVCF. We find that ARVCF interacts with different proteins involved in mRNA-processing: the splicing factor SRSF1 (SF2/ASF), the RNA helicase p68 (DDX5), and the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP H2. All three proteins bind to ARVCF in an RNA-independent manner. Furthermore, ARVCF occurs in large RNA-containing complexes that contain both spliced and unspliced mRNAs of housekeeping genes. By domain analysis, we show that interactions occur via the ARVCF C terminus. Overexpression of ARVCF, p68, SRSF1, and hnRNP H2 induces a significant increase in splicing activity of a reporter mRNA. Upon depletion of ARVCF followed by RNA sequence analysis, several alternatively spliced transcripts are significantly changed. Therefore, we conclude that nuclear ARVCF influences splicing of pre-mRNAs. We hypothesize that ARVCF is involved in alternative splicing, generating proteomic diversity, and its deregulation may contribute to diseased states, such as cancer and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Rappe
- From the Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Koh DI, Yoon JH, Kim MK, An H, Kim MY, Hur MW. Kaiso is a key regulator of spleen germinal center formation by repressing Bcl6 expression in splenocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 442:177-82. [PMID: 24269670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Kaiso was previously described as a methylated DNA-binding protein and a transcription repressor interacting with the corepressor protein complex NCoR. In the current study, we show that generation-3 Kaiso knockout mice show a phenotype of splenomegaly and large diffused germinal centers (GC). In the spleens of Kaiso knockout mice, Bcl6 (a transcriptional repressor that plays a critical role in GC development in spleen) and c-Myc were highly expressed, while the cell cycle arrest genes p27 (CDKN1B), p21 (CDKN1A) and Gadd45a were downregulated. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and transcription assays suggested that Kaiso represses Bcl6 expression, and in Kaiso knockout mice, derepressed Bcl6 increased cell proliferation by suppressing p27 (CDKN1B), p21 (CDKN1A) and Gadd45a, while upregulating the oncogene c-Myc. Further evidence for Kaiso regulation of splenomegaly was provided by B lymphocyte Ramos cells, in which ectopic KAISO repressed BCL6 and c-MYC expression, while concomitantly increasing the expression of the cell cycle arrestors p21, p27 and Gadd45a. In summary, derepressed Bcl6 expression may be responsible for increases in GC cell proliferation and splenomegaly of Kaiso knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-In Koh
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 134 ShinChon-Dong, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
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Ducarouge B, Pelissier-Rota M, Lainé M, Cristina N, Vachez Y, Scoazec JY, Bonaz B, Jacquier-Sarlin M. CRF2 signaling is a novel regulator of cellular adhesion and migration in colorectal cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79335. [PMID: 24260200 PMCID: PMC3832608 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress has been proposed to be a tumor promoting factor through the secretion of specific neuromediators, such as Urocortin2 and 3 (Ucn2/3), however its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. We observed that Ucn2/3 and their receptor the Corticotropin Releasing Factor receptor 2 (CRF2) were up-regulated in high grade and poorly differentiated CRC. This suggests a role for CRF2 in the loss of cellular organization and tumor progression. Using HT-29 and SW620 cells, two CRC cell lines differing in their abilities to perform cell-cell contacts, we found that CRF2 signals through Src/ERK pathway to induce the alteration of cell-cell junctions and the shuttle of p120ctn and Kaiso in the nucleus. In HT-29 cells, this signaling pathway also leads to the remodeling of cell adhesion by i) the phosphorylation of Focal Adhesion Kinase and ii) a modification of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion complexes. These events stimulate cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, our findings indicate that CRF2 signaling controls cellular organization and may promote metastatic potential of human CRC cells through an epithelial-mesenchymal transition like process. This contributes to the comprehension of the tumor-promoting effects of stress molecules and designates Ucn2/3-CRF2 tandem as a target to prevent CRC progression and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ducarouge
- Equipe du Stress et des Interactions Neurodigestives, INSERM U836, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Marjolaine Pelissier-Rota
- Equipe du Stress et des Interactions Neurodigestives, INSERM U836, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Michèle Lainé
- Equipe du Stress et des Interactions Neurodigestives, INSERM U836, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Nadine Cristina
- Equipe du Stress et des Interactions Neurodigestives, INSERM U836, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Yvan Vachez
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Bruno Bonaz
- Equipe du Stress et des Interactions Neurodigestives, INSERM U836, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
- Centre Hospitalo Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Muriel Jacquier-Sarlin
- Equipe du Stress et des Interactions Neurodigestives, INSERM U836, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
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p120 catenin: an essential regulator of cadherin stability, adhesion-induced signaling, and cancer progression. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2013; 116:409-32. [PMID: 23481205 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394311-8.00018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
p120 catenin is the best studied member of a subfamily of proteins that associate with the cadherin juxtamembrane domain to suppress cadherin endocytosis. p120 also recruits the minus ends of microtubules to the cadherin complex, leading to junction maturation. In addition, p120 regulates the activity of Rho family GTPases through multiple interactions with Rho GEFs, GAPs, Rho GTPases, and their effectors. Nuclear signaling is affected by the interaction of p120 with Kaiso, a transcription factor regulating Wnt-responsive genes as well as transcriptionally repressing methylated promoters. Multiple alternatively spliced p120 isoforms and complex phosphorylation events affect these p120 functions. In cancer, reduced p120 expression correlates with reduced E-cadherin function and with tumor progression. In contrast, in tumor cells that have lost E-cadherin expression, p120 promotes cell invasion and anchorage-independent growth. Furthermore, p120 is required for Src-induced oncogenic transformation and provides a potential target for future therapeutic interventions.
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38
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The POZ-ZF transcription factor Kaiso (ZBTB33) induces inflammation and progenitor cell differentiation in the murine intestine. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74160. [PMID: 24040197 PMCID: PMC3764064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery, several studies have implicated the POZ-ZF protein Kaiso in both developmental and tumorigenic processes. However, most of the information regarding Kaiso’s function to date has been gleaned from studies in Xenopus laevis embryos and mammalian cultured cells. To examine Kaiso’s role in a relevant, mammalian organ-specific context, we generated and characterized a Kaiso transgenic mouse expressing a murine Kaiso transgene under the control of the intestine-specific villin promoter. Kaiso transgenic mice were viable and fertile but pathological examination of the small intestine revealed distinct morphological changes. Kaiso transgenics (KaisoTg/+) exhibited a crypt expansion phenotype that was accompanied by increased differentiation of epithelial progenitor cells into secretory cell lineages; this was evidenced by increased cell populations expressing Goblet, Paneth and enteroendocrine markers. Paradoxically however, enhanced differentiation in KaisoTg/+ was accompanied by reduced proliferation, a phenotype reminiscent of Notch inhibition. Indeed, expression of the Notch signalling target HES-1 was decreased in KaisoTg/+ animals. Finally, our Kaiso transgenics exhibited several hallmarks of inflammation, including increased neutrophil infiltration and activation, villi fusion and crypt hyperplasia. Interestingly, the Kaiso binding partner and emerging anti-inflammatory mediator p120ctn is recruited to the nucleus in KaisoTg/+ mice intestinal cells suggesting that Kaiso may elicit inflammation by antagonizing p120ctn function.
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Christiansen A, Dyrskjøt L. The functional role of the novel biomarker karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2) in cancer. Cancer Lett 2012; 331:18-23. [PMID: 23268335 PMCID: PMC7126488 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2) has emerged as a potential biomarker in multiple cancer forms. The aberrant high levels observed in cancer tissue have been associated with adverse patient characteristics, prompting the idea that KPNA2 plays a role in carcinogenesis. This notion is supported by studies in cancer cells, where KPNA2 deregulation has been demonstrated to affect malignant transformation. By virtue of its role in nucleocytoplasmic transport, KPNA2 is implicated in the translocation of several cancer-associated proteins. We provide an overview of the clinical studies that have established the biomarker potential of KPNA2 and describe its functional role with an emphasis on established associations with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Christiansen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Kaiso directs the transcriptional corepressor MTG16 to the Kaiso binding site in target promoters. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51205. [PMID: 23251453 PMCID: PMC3521008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid translocation genes (MTGs) are transcriptional corepressors originally identified in acute myelogenous leukemia that have recently been linked to epithelial malignancy with non-synonymous mutations identified in both MTG8 and MTG16 in colon, breast, and lung carcinoma in addition to functioning as negative regulators of WNT and Notch signaling. A yeast two-hybrid approach was used to discover novel MTG binding partners. This screen identified the Zinc fingers, C2H2 and BTB domain containing (ZBTB) family members ZBTB4 and ZBTB38 as MTG16 interacting proteins. ZBTB4 is downregulated in breast cancer and modulates p53 responses. Because ZBTB33 (Kaiso), like MTG16, modulates Wnt signaling at the level of TCF4, and its deletion suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis in the ApcMin mouse, we determined that Kaiso also interacted with MTG16 to modulate transcription. The zinc finger domains of Kaiso as well as ZBTB4 and ZBTB38 bound MTG16 and the association with Kaiso was confirmed using co-immunoprecipitation. MTG family members were required to efficiently repress both a heterologous reporter construct containing Kaiso binding sites (4×KBS) and the known Kaiso target, Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7/Matrilysin). Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation studies placed MTG16 in a complex occupying the Kaiso binding site on the MMP-7 promoter. The presence of MTG16 in this complex, and its contributions to transcriptional repression both required Kaiso binding to its binding site on DNA, establishing MTG16-Kaiso binding as functionally relevant in Kaiso-dependent transcriptional repression. Examination of a large multi-stage CRC expression array dataset revealed patterns of Kaiso, MTG16, and MMP-7 expression supporting the hypothesis that loss of either Kaiso or MTG16 can de-regulate a target promoter such as that of MMP-7. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of transcriptional control by ZBTB family members and broaden the scope of co-repressor functions for the MTG family, suggesting coordinate regulation of transcription by Kaiso/MTG complexes in cancer.
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Donaldson NS, Pierre CC, Anstey MI, Robinson SC, Weerawardane SM, Daniel JM. Kaiso represses the cell cycle gene cyclin D1 via sequence-specific and methyl-CpG-dependent mechanisms. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50398. [PMID: 23226276 PMCID: PMC3511522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaiso is the first member of the POZ family of zinc finger transcription factors reported to bind DNA with dual-specificity in both a sequence- and methyl-CpG-specific manner. Here, we report that Kaiso associates with and regulates the cyclin D1 promoter via the consensus Kaiso binding site (KBS), and also via methylated CpG-dinucleotides. The methyl-CpG sites appear critical for Kaiso binding to the cyclin D1 promoter, while a core KBS in close proximity to the methyl-CpGs appears to stabilize Kaiso DNA binding. Kaiso's binding to both sites was demonstrated in vitro using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and in vivo using Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). To elucidate the functional relevance of Kaiso's binding to the cyclin D1 promoter, we assessed Kaiso overexpression effects on a minimal cyclin D1 promoter-reporter that contains both KBS and CpG sites. Kaiso repressed this minimal cyclin D1 promoter-reporter in a dose-dependent manner and transcriptional repression occurred in a KBS-specific and methyl-CpG-dependent manner. Collectively our data validates cyclin D1 as a Kaiso target gene and demonstrates a mechanism for Kaiso binding and regulation of the cyclin D1 promoter. Our data also provides a mechanistic basis for how Kaiso may regulate other target genes whose promoters possess both KBS and methyl-CpG sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Juliet M. Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Buck-Koehntop BA, Stanfield RL, Ekiert DC, Martinez-Yamout MA, Dyson HJ, Wilson IA, Wright PE. Molecular basis for recognition of methylated and specific DNA sequences by the zinc finger protein Kaiso. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:15229-34. [PMID: 22949637 PMCID: PMC3458336 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1213726109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation of CpG dinucleotides in DNA is a common epigenetic modification in eukaryotes that plays a central role in maintenance of genome stability, gene silencing, genomic imprinting, development, and disease. Kaiso, a bifunctional Cys(2)His(2) zinc finger protein implicated in tumor-cell proliferation, binds to both methylated CpG (mCpG) sites and a specific nonmethylated DNA motif (TCCTGCNA) and represses transcription by recruiting chromatin remodeling corepression machinery to target genes. Here we report structures of the Kaiso zinc finger DNA-binding domain in complex with its nonmethylated, sequence-specific DNA target (KBS) and with a symmetrically methylated DNA sequence derived from the promoter region of E-cadherin. Recognition of specific bases in the major groove of the core KBS and mCpG sites is accomplished through both classical and methyl CH···O hydrogen-bonding interactions with residues in the first two zinc fingers, whereas residues in the C-terminal extension following the third zinc finger bind in the opposing minor groove and are required for high-affinity binding. The C-terminal region is disordered in the free protein and adopts an ordered structure upon binding to DNA. The structures of these Kaiso complexes provide insights into the mechanism by which a zinc finger protein can recognize mCpG sites as well as a specific, nonmethylated regulatory DNA sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ian A. Wilson
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Peter E. Wright
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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Hong JY, Park JI, Lee M, Muñoz WA, Miller RK, Ji H, Gu D, Ezan J, Sokol SY, McCrea PD. Down's-syndrome-related kinase Dyrk1A modulates the p120-catenin-Kaiso trajectory of the Wnt signaling pathway. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:561-9. [PMID: 22389395 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.086173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt pathways contribute to many processes in cancer and development, with β-catenin being a key canonical component. p120-catenin, which is structurally similar to β-catenin, regulates the expression of certain Wnt target genes, relieving repression conferred by the POZ- and zinc-finger-domain-containing transcription factor Kaiso. We have identified the kinase Dyrk1A as a component of the p120-catenin-Kaiso trajectory of the Wnt pathway. Using rescue and other approaches in Xenopus laevis embryos and mammalian cells, we found that Dyrk1A positively and selectively modulates p120-catenin protein levels, thus having an impact on p120-catenin and Kaiso (and canonical Wnt) gene targets such as siamois and wnt11. The Dyrk1A gene resides within the Down's syndrome critical region, which is amplified in Down's syndrome. A consensus Dyrk phosphorylation site in p120-catenin was identified, with a mutant mimicking phosphorylation exhibiting the predicted enhanced capacity to promote endogenous Wnt-11 and Siamois expression, and gastrulation defects. In summary, we report the biochemical and functional relationship of Dyrk1A with the p120-catenin-Kaiso signaling trajectory, with a linkage to canonical Wnt target genes. Conceivably, this work might also prove relevant to understanding the contribution of Dyrk1A dosage imbalance in Down's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX 77030, USA
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Dowhan DH, Harrison MJ, Eriksson NA, Bailey P, Pearen MA, Fuller PJ, Funder JW, Simpson ER, Leedman PJ, Tilley WD, Brown MA, Clarke CL, Muscat GEO. Protein arginine methyltransferase 6-dependent gene expression and splicing: association with breast cancer outcomes. Endocr Relat Cancer 2012; 19:509-26. [PMID: 22673335 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 (PRMT6) regulates steroid-dependent transcription and alternative splicing and is implicated in endocrine system development and function, cell death, cell cycle, gene expression and cancer. Despite its role in these processes, little is known about its function and cellular targets in breast cancer. To identify novel gene targets regulated by PRMT6 in breast cancer cells, we used a combination of small interfering RNA and exon-specific microarray profiling in vitro coupled to in vivo validation in normal breast and primary human breast tumours. This approach, which allows the examination of genome-wide changes in individual exon usage and total transcript levels, demonstrated that PRMT6 knockdown significantly affected i) the transcription of 159 genes and ii) alternate splicing of 449 genes. The PRMT6-dependent transcriptional and alternative splicing targets identified in vitro were validated in human breast tumours. Using the list of genes differentially expressed between normal and PRMT6 knockdown cells, we generated a PRMT6-dependent gene expression signature that provides an indication of PRMT6 dysfunction in breast cancer cells. Interrogation of several well-studied breast cancer microarray expression datasets with the PRMT6 gene expression signature demonstrated that PRMT6 dysfunction is associated with better overall relapse-free and distant metastasis-free survival in the oestrogen receptor (ER (ESR1)) breast cancer subgroup. These results suggest that dysregulation of PRMT6-dependent transcription and alternative splicing may be involved in breast cancer pathophysiology and the molecular consequences identifying a unique and informative biomarker profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis H Dowhan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Cofre J, Menezes JRL, Pizzatti L, Abdelhay E. Knock-down of Kaiso induces proliferation and blocks granulocytic differentiation in blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2012; 12:28. [PMID: 22709531 PMCID: PMC3461418 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-12-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kaiso protein has been identified as a new member of the POZ-ZF subfamily of transcription factors that are involved in development and cancer. There is consistent evidence of the role of Kaiso and its involvement in human tumorigenesis but there is no evidence about its role in hematopoietic differentiation or establishment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We used, normal K562 cell line, established from a CML patient in blast crisis, and imatinib-resistant K562 cell line, to investigate the specific distribution of Kaiso and their contribution to the cell differentiation status of the blast crisis of CML (CML-BP). Results We found cytoplasmic expression of Kaiso, in K562 cells and patients, confirmed by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blot of cytoplasmic protein fraction. Kaiso was weakly expressed in the imatinib-resistant K562 cell line confirmed by immunofluorescence and western blot. The cytoplasmic expression of Kaiso was not modified when the K562 cells were treated for 16 h with imatinib 0.1 and 1 μM. In our study, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was introduced to down regulate the expression of Kaiso and p120ctn in K562 cell line. Kaiso and p120ctn were down regulated individually (siRNA-Kaiso or siRNA-p120ctn) or in combination using a simultaneous co-transfection (siRNA-Kaiso/p120ctn). We next investigated whether knockdown either Kaiso or p120ctn alone or in combination affects the cell differentiation status in K562 cells. After down regulation we analyzed the expression of hematopoietic cell differentiation and proliferation genes: SCF, PU-1, c-MyB, C/EBPα, Gata-2 and maturation markers of hematopoietic cells expressed in the plasma membrane: CD15, CD11b, CD33, CD117. The levels of SCF and c-MyB were increased by 1000% and 65% respectively and PU-1, Gata-2 and C/EBPα were decreased by 66%, 50% and 80% respectively, when Kaiso levels were down regulated by siRNA. The results were similar when both Kaiso and p120ctn were down regulated by siRNA. The increased expression of SCF and decreased expression of GATA-2 could be responsible by the higher cell viability detected in K562 cells double knock-down of both Kaiso and p120ctn. Finally, we studied the effect of knock-down either Kaiso or p120ctn, alone or in combination on CD15, CD11b, CD33 and Cd117 expression. Using siRNA approach a reduction of 35%, 8% and 13% in CD15, CD33 and CD117 levels respectively, were achieved in all transfections, when compared to scrambled knock-down cells. Conclusion These results suggest that both Kaiso and p120ctn, contributes to maintaining the differentiated state of the K562 cells and similar to other cancers, cytoplasmic localization of Kaiso is related to a poor prognosis in CML-BP. By the broad and profound effects on the expression of genes and markers of hematopoietic differentiation produced by Kaiso knock-down, these findings reveal Kaiso as a potential target for selective therapy of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Cofre
- Laboratório de Embriologia Molecular e Câncer, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Sala 313b, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Nuclear Kaiso expression is associated with high grade and triple-negative invasive breast cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37864. [PMID: 22662240 PMCID: PMC3360634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaiso is a BTB/POZ transcription factor that is ubiquitously expressed in multiple cell types and functions as a transcriptional repressor and activator. Little is known about Kaiso expression and localization in breast cancer. Here, we have related pathological features and molecular subtypes to Kaiso expression in 477 cases of human invasive breast cancer. Nuclear Kaiso was predominantly found in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (p = 0.007), while cytoplasmic Kaiso expression was linked to invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) (p = 0.006). Although cytoplasmic Kaiso did not correlate to clinicopathological features, we found a significant correlation between nuclear Kaiso, high histological grade (p = 0.023), ERα negativity (p = 0.001), and the HER2-driven and basal/triple-negative breast cancers (p = 0.018). Interestingly, nuclear Kaiso was also abundant in BRCA1-associated breast cancer (p<0.001) and invasive breast cancer overexpressing EGFR (p = 0.019). We observed a correlation between nuclear Kaiso and membrane-localized E-cadherin and p120-catenin (p120) (p<0.01). In contrast, cytoplasmic p120 strongly correlated with loss of E-cadherin and low nuclear Kaiso (p = 0.005). We could confirm these findings in human ILC cells and cell lines derived from conditional mouse models of ILC. Moreover, we present functional data that substantiate a mechanism whereby E-cadherin controls p120-mediated relief of Kaiso-dependent gene repression. In conclusion, our data indicate that nuclear Kaiso is common in clinically aggressive ductal breast cancer, while cytoplasmic Kaiso and a p120-mediated relief of Kaiso-dependent transcriptional repression characterize ILC.
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Maeng O, Son W, Chung J, Lee KS, Lee YH, Yoo OJ, Cha GH, Paik SG. The BTB/POZ-ZF transcription factor dPLZF is involved in Ras/ERK signaling during Drosophila wing development. Mol Cells 2012; 33:457-63. [PMID: 22544070 PMCID: PMC3887728 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-012-2179-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila, broad complex, tramtrack, bric à brac (BTB)/poxvirus and zinc finger (POZ) transcription factors are essential regulators of development. We searched the Drosophila genome for BTB/POZ-ZF domains and discovered an unknown Drosophila gene, dPLZF, which encodes an orthologue of human PLZF. We then characterized the biological function of the dPLZF via genetic interaction analysis. Ectopic expression of dPLZF in the wing induced extra vein formation during wing development in Drosophila. Genetic interactions between dPLZF and Ras or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) significantly enhanced the formation of vein cells. On the other hand, loss-of-function mutations in dPLZF resulted in a dramatic suppression of the extra and ectopic vein formation induced by elevated Ras/ERK signaling. Moreover, dPLZF activity upregulated the expression of rhomboid (rho) and spitz, which perform crucial functions in vein cell formation in the developing wing. These results indicate that dPLZF is a transcription factor controlled by the Ras/ERK signaling pathway, which is a prominent regulator of vein cell formation during wing development in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oky Maeng
- Department of Infection Biology, College of Medicine and Brain Korea 21 Program for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131,
Korea
| | - Wonseok Son
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701,
Korea
| | - Jongkyeong Chung
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Kyu-Sun Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Young-Ha Lee
- Department of Infection Biology, College of Medicine and Brain Korea 21 Program for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131,
Korea
| | - Ook-Joon Yoo
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701,
Korea
| | - Guang-Ho Cha
- Department of Infection Biology, College of Medicine and Brain Korea 21 Program for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131,
Korea
| | - Sang-Gi Paik
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764,
Korea
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Krisanaprakornkit S, Iamaroon A. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral squamous cell carcinoma. ISRN ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:681469. [PMID: 22548191 PMCID: PMC3324906 DOI: 10.5402/2012/681469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the drastic human cancers due to its aggressiveness and high mortality rate. Of all oral cancers, squamous cell carcinoma is the most common accounting for more than 90%. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is suggested to play an important role during cancer invasion and metastasis. Recently, emerging knowledge on EMT in carcinogenesis is explosive, tempting us to analyze previous studies on EMT in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this paper, we have first addressed the general molecular mechanisms of EMT, evidenced by alterations of cell morphology during EMT, the presence of cadherin switching, turning on and turning off of many specific genes, the activation of various signaling pathways, and so on. The remaining part of this paper will focus on recent findings of the investigations of EMT on OSCC. These include the evidence of EMT taking place in OSCC and the signaling pathways employed by OSCC cells during their invasion and metastasis. Collectively, with the large body of new knowledge on EMT in OSCC elaborated here, we are hopeful that targeting treatment for OSCC will be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suttichai Krisanaprakornkit
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Rahman MT, Nakayama K, Rahman M, Nakayama N, Ishikawa M, Katagiri A, Iida K, Nakayama S, Otsuki Y, Shih IM, Miyazaki K. Prognostic and therapeutic impact of the chromosome 20q13.2 ZNF217 locus amplification in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Cancer 2011; 118:2846-57. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Defossez PA, Stancheva I. Biological functions of methyl-CpG-binding proteins. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2011; 101:377-98. [PMID: 21507359 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387685-0.00012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a stable epigenetic mark in plant and vertebrate genomes; it is implicated in regulation of higher order chromatin structure, maintenance of genome integrity, and stable patterns of gene expression. Biological effects of DNA methylation are, at least in part, mediated by proteins that preferentially bind to methylated DNA. It is now recognized that several structurally unrelated protein folds have the ability to recognize methylated CpGs in vitro and in vivo. In this chapter, we focus on the three major families of methyl-CpG-binding proteins: the MBD protein family, Kaiso and Kaiso-like proteins, and SRA domain proteins. We discuss the structural bases of methyl-CpG recognition, the function and specific properties of individual proteins, and their role in human disease such as Rett syndrome and cancer.
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