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Su Y, Mei L, Jiang T, Wang Z, Ji Y. Novel role of lncRNAs regulatory network in papillary thyroid cancer. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101674. [PMID: 38440062 PMCID: PMC10909982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. The incidence of PTC has increased annually worldwide. Thus, PTC diagnosis and treatment attract more attention. Noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in PTC progression and act as prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins have potential biomarkers for diagnosing and treating PTC. However, the correlation of lncRNAs with miRNAs and EMT-associated proteins needs further clarification. The present review highlights the recent advances of lncRNAs in PTC. We significantly summarized the two molecular regulatory mechanisms in PTC progress, including lncRNAs-miRNAs-protein signaling axes and lncRNAs-EMT pathways. This review will help our understanding of the association between lncRNAs and PTC and may assist us in evaluating the prognosis for PTC patients. Taken together, targeting the lncRNAs regulatory network has promising applications in diagnosing and treating PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Su
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Scientific Research Center and Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated, Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Tiantian Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ji
- Scientific Research Center and Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated, Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
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2
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Wang F, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Keshavarzi M. The microRNA Let-7 and its exosomal form: Epigenetic regulators of gynecological cancers. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:42. [PMID: 38836981 PMCID: PMC11153289 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Many types of gynecological cancer (GC) are often silent until they reach an advanced stage, and are therefore often diagnosed too late for effective treatment. Hence, there is a real need for more efficient diagnosis and treatment for patients with GC. During recent years, researchers have increasingly studied the impact of microRNAs cancer development, leading to a number of applications in detection and treatment. MicroRNAs are a particular group of tiny RNA molecules that regulate regular gene expression by affecting the translation process. The downregulation of numerous miRNAs has been observed in human malignancies. Let-7 is an example of a miRNA that controls cellular processes as well as signaling cascades to affect post-transcriptional gene expression. Recent research supports the hypothesis that enhancing let-7 expression in those cancers where it is downregulated may be a potential treatment option. Exosomes are tiny vesicles that move through body fluids and can include components like miRNAs (including let-7) that are important for communication between cells. Studies proved that exosomes are able to enhance tumor growth, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, metastasis, and immune evasion, thus suggesting their importance in GC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chundi Zhou
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Maryam Keshavarzi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Jin L, Zhang L, Yan C, Liu M, Dean DC, Liu Y. Corneal injury repair and the potential involvement of ZEB1. EYE AND VISION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 11:20. [PMID: 38822380 PMCID: PMC11143703 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-024-00387-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The cornea, consisting of three cellular and two non-cellular layers, is the outermost part of the eyeball and frequently injured by external physical, chemical, and microbial insults. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in the repair of corneal injuries. Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), an important transcription factor involved in EMT, is expressed in the corneal tissues. It regulates cell activities like migration, transformation, and proliferation, and thereby affects tissue inflammation, fibrosis, tumor metastasis, and necrosis by mediating various major signaling pathways, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. Dysfunction of ZEB1 would impair corneal tissue repair leading to epithelial healing delay, interstitial fibrosis, neovascularization, and squamous cell metaplasia. Understanding the mechanism underlying ZEB1 regulation of corneal injury repair will help us to formulate a therapeutic approach to enhance corneal injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, China
| | - Chunxiao Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, China
| | - Mengxin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, China
| | - Douglas C Dean
- James Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Yongqing Liu
- James Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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4
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Ryan AT, Kim M, Lim K. Immune Cell Migration to Cancer. Cells 2024; 13:844. [PMID: 38786066 PMCID: PMC11120175 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune cell migration is required for the development of an effective and robust immune response. This elegant process is regulated by both cellular and environmental factors, with variables such as immune cell state, anatomical location, and disease state that govern differences in migration patterns. In all cases, a major factor is the expression of cell surface receptors and their cognate ligands. Rapid adaptation to environmental conditions partly depends on intrinsic cellular immune factors that affect a cell's ability to adjust to new environment. In this review, we discuss both myeloid and lymphoid cells and outline key determinants that govern immune cell migration, including molecules required for immune cell adhesion, modes of migration, chemotaxis, and specific chemokine signaling. Furthermore, we summarize tumor-specific elements that contribute to immune cell trafficking to cancer, while also exploring microenvironment factors that can alter these cellular dynamics within the tumor in both a pro and antitumor fashion. Specifically, we highlight the importance of the secretome in these later aspects. This review considers a myriad of factors that impact immune cell trajectory in cancer. We aim to highlight the immunotherapeutic targets that can be harnessed to achieve controlled immune trafficking to and within tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison T. Ryan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (A.T.R.); (M.K.)
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (A.T.R.); (M.K.)
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Kihong Lim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (A.T.R.); (M.K.)
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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5
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Sharma S, Rani H, Mahesh Y, Jolly MK, Dixit J, Mahadevan V. Loss of p53 epigenetically modulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 43:101848. [PMID: 38412660 PMCID: PMC10907866 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to Mesenchymal transition (EMT) drives cancer metastasis and is governed by genetic and epigenetic alterations at multiple levels of regulation. It is well established that loss/mutation of p53 confers oncogenic function to cancer cells and promotes metastasis. Though transcription factors like ZEB1, SLUG, SNAIL and TWIST have been implied in EMT signalling, p53 mediated alterations in the epigenetic machinery accompanying EMT are not clearly understood. This work attempts to explore epigenetic signalling during EMT in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells with varying status of p53. Towards this, we have induced EMT using TGFβ on CRC cell lines with wild type, null and mutant p53 and have assayed epigenetic alterations after EMT induction. Transcriptomic profiling of the four CRC cell lines revealed that the loss of p53 confers more mesenchymal phenotype with EMT induction than its mutant counterparts. This was also accompanied by upregulation of epigenetic writer and eraser machinery suggesting an epigenetic signalling cascade triggered by TGFβ signalling in CRC. Significant agonist and antagonistic relationships observed between EMT factor SNAI1 and SNAI2 with epigenetic enzymes KDM6A/6B and the chromatin organiser SATB1 in p53 null CRC cells suggest a crosstalk between epigenetic and EMT factors. The observed epigenetic regulation of EMT factor SNAI1 correlates with poor clinical outcomes in 270 colorectal cancer patients taken from TCGA-COAD. This unique p53 dependent interplay between epigenetic enzymes and EMT factors in CRC cells may be exploited for development of synergistic therapies for CRC patients presenting to the clinic with loss of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Sharma
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bangalore, India
| | - Harsha Rani
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bangalore, India
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Wu Z, Zhang Q, Wang H, Zhou S, Fu B, Fang L, Cheng JC, Sun YP. Growth differentiation factor-11 upregulates matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression by inducing Snail in human extravillous trophoblast cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 585:112190. [PMID: 38369181 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The human extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell invasion is an important process during placentation. Although the placenta is normal tissue, the EVT cells exhibit some features common to cancer cells, including high migratory and invasive properties. Snail and Slug are transcription factors that mediate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a crucial event for cancer cell migration and invasion. It has been shown that GDF-11-induced matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) expression is required for EVT cell invasion. Whether GDF-11 can regulate Snail and Slug expression in human EVT cells remains unknown. If it does, the involvement of Snail and Slug in GDF-11-induced MMP2 expression and EVT cell invasion must also be defined. In the present study, using the immortalized human EVT cell line, HTR-8/SVneo, and primary cultures of human EVT cells as experimental models, our results show that GDF-11 upregulates Snail and Slug expression. ALK4 and ALK5 mediate the stimulatory effects of GDF-11 on Snail and Slug expression. In addition, we demonstrate that SMAD2 and SMAD3 are required for the GDF-11-upregulated Snail expression, while only SMAD3 is involved in GDF-11-induced Slug expression. Moreover, our results reveal that Snail mediates GDF-11-induced MMP2 expression and cell invasion but not Slug. This study increases our understanding of the biological function of GDF-11 in human EVT cells and provides a novel mechanism for regulating MMP2 and EVT cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bingxin Fu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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7
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Roy SK, Srivastava S, McCance C, Shrivastava A, Morvant J, Shankar S, Srivastava RK. Clinical significance of PNO1 as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18295. [PMID: 38722284 PMCID: PMC11081011 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein PNO1 plays an essential role in ribosome biogenesis. Recent studies have shown that it is involved in tumorigenesis; however, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine whether PNO1 can be used as a biomarker of HCC and also examine the therapeutic potential of PNO1 knockout for the treatment of HCC. PNO1 expression was upregulated in HCC and associated with poor prognosis. PNO1 expression was positively associated with tumour stage, lymph node metastasis and poor survival. PNO1 expression was significantly higher in HCC compared to that in fibrolamellar carcinoma or normal tissues. Furthermore, HCC tissues with mutant Tp53 expressed higher PNO1 than those with wild-type Tp53. PNO1 knockout suppressed cell viability, colony formation and EMT of HCC cells. Since activation of Notch signalling pathway promotes HCC, we measured the effects of PNO1 knockout on the components of Notch pathway and its targets. PNO1 knockout suppressed Notch signalling by modulating the expression of Notch ligands and their receptors, and downstream targets. PNO1 knockout also inhibited genes involved in surface adhesion, cell cycle, inflammation and chemotaxis. PNO1 knockout also inhibited colony and spheroid formation, cell migration and invasion, and markers of stem cells, pluripotency and EMT in CSCs. Overall, our data suggest that PNO1 can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of HCC, and knockout of PNO1 by CRISPR/Cas9 can be beneficial for the management of HCC by targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit K. Roy
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of MedicineLouisiana State University HealthNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | | | - Caroline McCance
- Department of Cellular and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | | | - Jason Morvant
- Department of SurgeryOchsner Health SystemGretnaLouisianaUSA
| | - Sharmila Shankar
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care SystemNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- John W. Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Rakesh K. Srivastava
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of MedicineLouisiana State University HealthNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care SystemNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Department of GeneticsLouisiana State University Health Sciences Center – New OrleansNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- GLAXDoverDelawareUSA
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8
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Zhong Z, Du J, Zhu X, Guan L, Hu Y, Zhang P, Wang H. Highly efficient conversion of mouse fibroblasts into functional hepatic cells under chemical induction. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad071. [PMID: 37996395 PMCID: PMC11121195 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that hepatocyte-like cells can be generated from fibroblasts using either lineage-specific transcription factors or chemical induction methods. However, these methods have their own deficiencies that restrict the therapeutic applications of such induced hepatocytes. In this study, we present a transgene-free, highly efficient chemical-induced direct reprogramming approach to generate hepatocyte-like cells from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Using a small molecule cocktail (SMC) as an inducer, MEFs can be directly reprogrammed into hepatocyte-like cells, bypassing the intermediate stages of pluripotent and immature hepatoblasts. These chemical-induced hepatocyte-like cells (ciHeps) closely resemble mature primary hepatocytes in terms of morphology, biological behavior, gene expression patterns, marker expression levels, and hepatic functions. Furthermore, transplanted ciHeps can integrate into the liver, promote liver regeneration, and improve survival rates in mice with acute liver damage. ciHeps can also ameliorate liver fibrosis caused by chronic injuries and enhance liver function. Notably, ciHeps exhibit no tumorigenic potential either in vitro or in vivo. Mechanistically, SMC-induced mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and suppression of SNAI1 contribute to the fate conversion of fibroblasts into ciHeps. These results indicate that this transgene-free, chemical-induced direct reprogramming technique has the potential to serve as a valuable means of producing alternative hepatocytes for both research and therapeutic purposes. Additionally, this method also sheds light on the direct reprogramming of other cell types under chemical induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhong
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Jiangchuan Du
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Xiangjie Zhu
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lingting Guan
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Yanyu Hu
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Peilin Zhang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
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9
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Zambrano-Tipan D, Narváez-Padilla V, Reynaud E. Escargot a Snail superfamily member and its multiple roles in Drosophila melanogaster development. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38572978 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The Snail superfamily of transcription factors plays a crucial role in metazoan development; one of the most important vertebrate members of this family is Snai1 which is orthologous to the Drosophila melanogaster esg gene. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the roles of the esg gene in Drosophila development, covering its expression pattern and downstream targets, and draws parallels between the vertebrate Snai1 family proteins on controlling the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and esg. This gene regulates stemness, ploidy, and pluripontency. esg is expressed in various tissues during development, including the gut, imaginal discs, and neuroblasts. The functions of the esg include the suppression of differentiation in intestinal stem cells and the preservation of diploidy in imaginal cells. In the nervous system development, esg expression also inhibits neuroblast differentiation, thus regulating the number of neurons and the moment in development of neuronal differentiation. Loss of esg function results in diverse developmental defects, including defects in intestinal stem cell maintenance and differentiation, and alters imaginal disc and nervous system development. Expression levels of esg also play a role in regulating longevity and metabolism in adult stages. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of esg's developmental role, emphasizing cellular and tissue effects that arise from its loss of function. The insights gained may contribute to a better understanding of evolutionary conserved developmental mechanisms and certain metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Zambrano-Tipan
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Verónica Narváez-Padilla
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Enrique Reynaud
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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10
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Raghavan S, Brishti MA, Bernardelli A, Mata-Daboin A, Jaggar JH, Leo MD. Extracellular glucose and dysfunctional insulin receptor signaling independently upregulate arterial smooth muscle TMEM16A expression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1237-C1247. [PMID: 38581667 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00555.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes alters the function of ion channels responsible for regulating arterial smooth muscle membrane potential, resulting in vasoconstriction. Our prior research demonstrated an elevation of TMEM16A in diabetic arteries. Here, we explored the mechanisms involved in Transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) gene expression. Our data indicate that a Snail-mediated repressor complex regulates arterial TMEM16A gene transcription. Snail expression was reduced in diabetic arteries while TMEM16A expression was upregulated. The TMEM16A promoter contained three canonical E-box sites. Electrophoretic mobility and super shift assays revealed that the -154 nt E-box was the binding site of the Snail repressor complex and binding of the repressor complex decreased in diabetic arteries. High glucose induced a biphasic contractile response in pressurized nondiabetic mouse hindlimb arteries incubated ex vivo. Hindlimb arteries incubated in high glucose also showed decreased phospho-protein kinase D1 and TMEM16A expression. In hindlimb arteries from nondiabetic mice, administration of a bolus dose of glucose activated protein kinase D1 signaling to induce Snail degradation. In both in vivo and ex vivo conditions, Snail expression exhibited an inverse relationship with the expression of protein kinase D1 and TMEM16A. In diabetic mouse arteries, phospho-protein kinase D1 increased while Akt2 and pGSK3β levels declined. These results indicate that in nondiabetic mice, high glucose triggers a transient deactivation of the Snail repressor complex to increase arterial TMEM16A expression independently of insulin signaling. Conversely, insulin resistance activates GSK3β signaling and enhances arterial TMEM16A channel expression. These data have uncovered the Snail-mediated regulation of arterial TMEM16A expression and its dysfunction during diabetes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The calcium-activated chloride channel, TMEM16A, is upregulated in the diabetic vasculature to cause increased vasoconstriction. In this paper, we have uncovered that the TMEM16A gene expression is controlled by a Snail-mediated repressor complex that uncouples with both insulin-dependent and -independent pathways to allow for upregulated arterial protein expression thereby causing vasoconstriction. The paper highlights the effect of short- and long-term glucose-induced dysfunction of an ion channel expression as a causative factor in diabetic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somasundaram Raghavan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Masuma Akter Brishti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Angelica Bernardelli
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Alejandro Mata-Daboin
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Jonathan H Jaggar
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - M Dennis Leo
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
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11
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Rashid M, Devi BM, Banerjee M. Combinatorial Cooperativity in miR200-Zeb Feedback Network can Control Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Bull Math Biol 2024; 86:48. [PMID: 38555331 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-024-01277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Carcinomas often utilize epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) programs for cancer progression and metastasis. Numerous studies report SNAIL-induced miR200/Zeb feedback circuit as crucial in regulating EMT by placing cancer cells in at least three phenotypic states, viz. epithelial (E), hybrid (h-E/M), mesenchymal (M), along the E-M phenotypic spectrum. However, a coherent molecular-level understanding of how such a tiny circuit controls carcinoma cell entrance into and residence in various states is lacking. Here, we use molecular binding data and mathematical modeling to report that the miR200/Zeb circuit can essentially utilize combinatorial cooperativity to control E-M phenotypic plasticity. We identify minimal combinatorial cooperativities that give rise to E, h-E/M, and M phenotypes. We show that disrupting a specific number of miR200 binding sites on Zeb as well as Zeb binding sites on miR200 can have phenotypic consequences-the circuit can dynamically switch between two (E, M) and three (E, h-E/M, M) phenotypes. Further, we report that in both SNAIL-induced and SNAIL knock-out miR200/Zeb circuits, cooperative transcriptional feedback on Zeb as well as Zeb translation inhibition due to miR200 are essential for the occurrence of intermediate h-E/M phenotype. Finally, we demonstrate that SNAIL can be dispensable for EMT, and in the absence of SNAIL, the transcriptional feedback can control cell state transition from E to h-E/M, to M state. Our results thus highlight molecular-level regulation of EMT in miR200/Zeb circuit and we expect these findings to be crucial to future efforts aiming to prevent EMT-facilitated dissemination of carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubasher Rashid
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India.
| | - Brasanna M Devi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Malay Banerjee
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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12
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Ma WQ, Miao MC, Ding PA, Tan BB, Liu WB, Guo S, Er LM, Zhang ZD, Zhao Q. CALD1 facilitates epithelial-mesenchymal transition progression in gastric cancer cells by modulating the PI3K-Akt pathway. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1029-1045. [PMID: 38577446 PMCID: PMC10989365 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CALD1 has been discovered to be abnormally expressed in a variety of malignant tumors, including gastric cancer (GC), and is associated with tumor progression and immune infiltration; however, the roles and mechanisms of CALD1 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GC are unknown. AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of CALD1 in GC progression, invasion, and migration. METHODS In this study, the relationship between CALD1 and GC, as well as the possible network regulatory mechanisms of CALD1, was investigated by bioinformatics and validated by experiments. CALD1-siRNA was synthesized and used to transfect GC cells. Cell activity was measured using the CCK-8 method, cell migration and invasive ability were measured using wound healing assay and Transwell assay, and the expression levels of relevant genes and proteins in each group of cells were measured using qRT-PCR and Western blot. A GC cell xenograft model was established to verify the results of in vitro experiments. RESULTS Bioinformatics results showed that CALD1 was highly expressed in GC tissues, and CALD1 was significantly higher in EMT-type GC tissues than in tissues of other types of GC. The prognosis of patients with high expression of CALD1 was worse than that of patients with low expression, and a prognostic model was constructed and evaluated. The experimental results were consistent with the results of the bioinformatics analysis. The expression level of CALD1 in GC cell lines was all higher than that in gastric epithelial cell line GES-1, with the strongest expression found in AGS and MKN45 cells. Cell activity was significantly reduced after CALD1-siRNA transfection of AGS and MKN45 cells. The ability of AGS and MKN45 cells to migrate and invade was reduced after CALD1-siRNA transfection, and the related mRNA and protein expression was altered. According to bioinformatics findings in GC samples, the CALD1 gene was significantly associated with the expression of members of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway as well as the EMT signaling pathway, and was closely related to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Experimental validation revealed that upregulation of CALD1 increased the expression of PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR, members of the PI3K-Akt pathway,while decreasing the expression of PTEN; PI3K-Akt inhibitor treatment decreased the expression of PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR in cells overexpressing CALD1 (still higher than that in the normal group), but increased the expression of PTEN (still lower than that in the normal group). CCK-8 results revealed that the effect of CALD1 on tumor cell activity was decreased by the addition of the inhibitor. Scratch and Transwell experiments showed that the effect of CALD1 on tumor cell migration and invasion was weakened by the addition of the PI3K-Akt inhibitor. The mRNA and protein levels of EMT-related genes in AGS and MKN45 cells were greatly altered by the overexpression of CALD1, whereas the effect of overexpression of CALD1 was significantly weakened by the addition of the PI3K-Akt inhibitor. Animal experiments showed that tumour growth was slow after inhibition of CALD1, and the expression of some PI3K-Akt and EMT pathway proteins was altered. CONCLUSION Increased expression of CALD1 is a key factor in the progression, invasion, and metastasis of GC, which may be associated with regulating the PI3K-Akt pathway to promote EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qian Ma
- Department of Endoscopy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ming-Chang Miao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ping-An Ding
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bi-Bo Tan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shuo Guo
- Department of Endoscopy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Li-Mian Er
- Department of Endoscopy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
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13
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Lu Z, Lin H, Li J, Feng Y. Deciphering the molecular symphony: Unraveling endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in corneal endothelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2024; 240:109795. [PMID: 38253308 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular complexity of this phenomenon provides innovative targets for maintaining phenotypic integrity during in vitro expansion, thereby advancing corneal endothelial tissue engineering. In this study, we established an in vitro model to simulate endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in corneal endothelial cells. Through RNA sequencing, we identified 452 upregulated and 163 downregulated genes, resulting in a total of 615 differentially expressed genes. Key pathways enriched by GO and KEGG analysis include extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Potential hub proteins such as THBS1, ITGA5, COL1A1, and SNAI1/2 were also identified, and their dynamic changes at different time points (0, 2, 12, 24 h) were monitored. Uncovering these key pathways and genes may deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying EndMT in corneal endothelial cells, providing valuable insights for optimizing in vitro cultivation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiang Lu
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haimiao Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinming Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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14
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Ebrahimi N, Manavi MS, Faghihkhorasani F, Fakhr SS, Baei FJ, Khorasani FF, Zare MM, Far NP, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Ren J, Reiter RJ, Nabavi N, Aref AR, Chen C, Ertas YN, Lu Q. Harnessing function of EMT in cancer drug resistance: a metastasis regulator determines chemotherapy response. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:457-479. [PMID: 38227149 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complicated molecular process that governs cellular shape and function changes throughout tissue development and embryogenesis. In addition, EMT contributes to the development and spread of tumors. Expanding and degrading the surrounding microenvironment, cells undergoing EMT move away from the main location. On the basis of the expression of fibroblast-specific protein-1 (FSP1), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), collagen, and smooth muscle actin (-SMA), the mesenchymal phenotype exhibited in fibroblasts is crucial for promoting EMT. While EMT is not entirely reliant on its regulators like ZEB1/2, Twist, and Snail proteins, investigation of upstream signaling (like EGF, TGF-β, Wnt) is required to get a more thorough understanding of tumor EMT. Throughout numerous cancers, connections between tumor epithelial and fibroblast cells that influence tumor growth have been found. The significance of cellular crosstalk stems from the fact that these events affect therapeutic response and disease prognosis. This study examines how classical EMT signals emanating from various cancer cells interfere to tumor metastasis, treatment resistance, and tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Siavash Seifollahy Fakhr
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Science and Biotechnology, Campus Hamar, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | | | | | - Mohammad Mehdi Zare
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nazanin Pazhouhesh Far
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Translational Medicine Group, Xsphera Biosciences, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Türkiye.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Türkiye.
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
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15
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Martínez-Campa C, Álvarez-García V, Alonso-González C, González A, Cos S. Melatonin and Its Role in the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:956. [PMID: 38473317 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cell-biological program that occurs during the progression of several physiological processes and that can also take place during pathological situations such as carcinogenesis. The EMT program consists of the sequential activation of a number of intracellular signaling pathways aimed at driving epithelial cells toward the acquisition of a series of intermediate phenotypic states arrayed along the epithelial-mesenchymal axis. These phenotypic features include changes in the motility, conformation, polarity and functionality of cancer cells, ultimately leading cells to stemness, increased invasiveness, chemo- and radioresistance and the formation of cancer metastasis. Amongst the different existing types of the EMT, type 3 is directly involved in carcinogenesis. A type 3 EMT occurs in neoplastic cells that have previously acquired genetic and epigenetic alterations, specifically affecting genes involved in promoting clonal outgrowth and invasion. Markers such as E-cadherin; N-cadherin; vimentin; and transcription factors (TFs) like Twist, Snail and ZEB are considered key molecules in the transition. The EMT process is also regulated by microRNA expression. Many miRNAs have been reported to repress EMT-TFs. Thus, Snail 1 is repressed by miR-29, miR-30a and miR-34a; miR-200b downregulates Slug; and ZEB1 and ZEB2 are repressed by miR-200 and miR-205, respectively. Occasionally, some microRNA target genes act downstream of the EMT master TFs; thus, Twist1 upregulates the levels of miR-10b. Melatonin is an endogenously produced hormone released mainly by the pineal gland. It is widely accepted that melatonin exerts oncostatic actions in a large variety of tumors, inhibiting the initiation, progression and invasion phases of tumorigenesis. The molecular mechanisms underlying these inhibitory actions are complex and involve a great number of processes. In this review, we will focus our attention on the ability of melatonin to regulate some key EMT-related markers, transcription factors and micro-RNAs, summarizing the multiple ways by which this hormone can regulate the EMT. Since melatonin has no known toxic side effects and is also known to help overcome drug resistance, it is a good candidate to be considered as an adjuvant drug to conventional cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Virginia Álvarez-García
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carolina Alonso-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Alicia González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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16
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Xu G, Zhou Q, Qi J, Li Z, Yin L, Li Z, Lu C, Zhao B, Shen Y. Resveratrol-derived inhibitors of the E3 ubiquitin ligase PELI1 inhibit the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116060. [PMID: 38150964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), as the most challenging subtype of breast cancer, exerts highly invasive ability and metastatic nature to the lymph nodes, which is correlated with poor survival rates among patients. Pellino-1 (PELI1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in tumor invasion and metastasis, and has the potential to be developed as a novel therapeutic target for TNBC. In this study, we identified a potent inhibitor of PELI1, namely compound 3d, on the basis of natural stilbene framework through medicinal chemistry approaches. This novel PELI1 inhibitor 3d showed potent binding affinity to PELI1 (Kd 8.2 μM) in fluorescence quenching assay, and markedly interrupted the interaction of PELI1 and SNAIL/SLUG confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Moreover, 3d exhibited potent antitumor activity in inhibiting tumor cell migration in scratch wound healing assay without affecting cell proliferation in vitro, and down-regulated the downstream EMT-effectors of PELI1 as assessed by western blotting. In the experimental lung metastasis model, 3d showed anti-TNBC metastasis efficacy without observable toxicity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zhongyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lijun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zhuoran Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Chunhua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Baobing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Yuemao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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17
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Thiery JP, Sheng G, Shu X, Runyan R. How studies in developmental epithelial-mesenchymal transition and mesenchymal-epithelial transition inspired new research paradigms in biomedicine. Development 2024; 151:dev200128. [PMID: 38300897 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse mechanism, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), are evolutionarily conserved mechanisms initially identified in studies of early metazoan development. EMT may even have been established in choanoflagellates, the closest unicellular relative of Metazoa. These crucial morphological transitions operate during body plan formation and subsequently in organogenesis. These findings have prompted an increasing number of investigators in biomedicine to assess the importance of such mechanisms that drive epithelial cell plasticity in multiple diseases associated with congenital disabilities and fibrosis, and, most importantly, in the progression of carcinoma. EMT and MET also play crucial roles in regenerative medicine, notably by contributing epigenetic changes in somatic cells to initiate reprogramming into stem cells and their subsequent differentiation into distinct lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guojun Sheng
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Xiaodong Shu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Raymond Runyan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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18
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Barzegar S, Pirouzpanah S. Zinc finger proteins and ATP-binding cassette transporter-dependent multidrug resistance. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14120. [PMID: 37930002 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Dysregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters has been identified as a key contributor to MDR. Zinc finger proteins (ZNPs) are key regulators of transcription and have emerged as potential contributors to cancer drug resistance. Bridging the knowledge gap between ZNPs and MDR is essential to understand a source of heterogeneity in cancer treatment. This review sought to elucidate how different ZNPs modulate the transcriptional regulation of ABC genes, contributing to resistance to cancer therapies. METHODS The search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Web of Science. RESULTS In addition to ABC-blockers, the transcriptional features regulated by ZNP are expected to play a role in reversing ABC-mediated MDR and predicting the efficacy of anticancer treatments. Among the ZNP-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition, SNAIL, SLUG and Zebs have been identified as important factors in promoting MDR through activation of ATM, NFκB and PI3K/Akt pathways, exposing the metabolism to potential ZNP-MDR interactions. Additionally, nuclear receptors, such as VDR, ER and PXR have been found to modulate certain ABC regulations. Other C2H2-type zinc fingers, including Kruppel-like factors, Gli and Sp also have the potential to contribute to MDR. CONCLUSION Besides reviewing evidence on the effects of ZNP dysregulation on ABC-related chemoresistance in malignancies, significant markers of ZNP functions are discussed to highlight the clinical implications of gene-to-gene and microenvironment-to-gene interactions on MDR prospects. Future research on ZNP-derived biomarkers is crucial for addressing heterogeneity in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Barzegar
- Shahid Madani Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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19
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He B, Guo W, Shi R, Hoffman RD, Luo Q, Hu YJ, Gao J. Ruyong formula improves thymus function of CUMS-stimulated breast cancer mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117164. [PMID: 37717843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ruyong Formula (RYF) is a famous Chinese herbal formula composed of 10 traditional Chinese herbs. It has been used as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer patients with depressive symptoms in China. However, its underlying pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the mechanism of RYF on the changes of thymus immune function in breast cancer body under mood disorders such as depression/anxiety. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to stimulate 4T1 breast cancer mice. The behavioral changes, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) level in brain, cytokeratin 5 (CK5) and 8 (CK8) expression in thymus, the proportion of T cell subsets, the thymic output, phenotypic changes of thymus epithelial cells (TECs), the expression levels of immune-related factors and downstream proteins of TSLP were analyzed after RYF treatment. RESULTS In CUMS stimulated group, the level of 5-HT in brain was significantly increased after RYF treatment. The output function of the thymus was improved, and the number of TECs in the medulla (CK5+), the proportion of CD3+CD4-CD8- (Double negative) and CD3+CD4+CD8+ (Double positive) T cells were all increased. The mRNA level of TSLP in mouse thymus was significantly decreased, but increased for IL-7. The protein levels of TSLP and Vimentin were decreased, but increased for p-STAT3, p-JAK2, E-cadherin, and p-PI3K p55 in vivo. In vitro study was showed the levels of Snail 1, Zeb 1 and Smad increased significantly in TGF-β1 group, and RYF could reverse their expression. CONCLUSIONS RYF could restore the structure and function of the thymus in depressed breast cancer mice by reversing the phenotypic changes of TECs and activating the JAK2/STAT3/PI3K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian He
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Wenqin Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Rongzhen Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Tangqi Branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311106, China.
| | - Robert D Hoffman
- Yo San University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90066, USA.
| | - Qihan Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yuan-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, China.
| | - Jianli Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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20
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Tagami M, Kasashima H, Kakehashi A, Yoshikawa A, Nishio M, Misawa N, Sakai A, Wanibuchi H, Yashiro M, Azumi A, Honda S. Stromal area differences with epithelial-mesenchymal transition gene changes in conjunctival and orbital mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1277749. [PMID: 38322414 PMCID: PMC10845137 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1277749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine the molecular biological differences between conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and orbital MALT lymphoma in ocular adnexa lymphoma. Methods Observational case series. A total of 129 consecutive, randomized cases of ocular adnexa MALT lymphoma diagnosed histopathologically between 2008 and 2020.Total RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from ocular adnexa MALT lymphoma, and RNA-sequencing was performed. Orbital MALT lymphoma gene expression was compared with that of conjunctival MALT lymphoma. Gene set (GS) analysis detecting for gene set cluster was performed in RNA-sequence. Related proteins were further examined by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, artificial segmentation image used to count stromal area in HE images. Results GS analysis showed differences in expression in 29 GS types in primary orbital MALT lymphoma (N=5,5, FDR q-value <0.25). The GS with the greatest difference in expression was the GS of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Based on this GS change, immunohistochemical staining was added using E-cadherin as an epithelial marker and vimentin as a mesenchymal marker for EMT. There was significant staining of vimentin in orbital lymphoma (P<0.01, N=129) and of E-cadherin in conjunctival lesions (P=0.023, N=129). Vimentin staining correlated with Ann Arbor staging (1 versus >1) independent of age and sex on multivariate analysis (P=0.004). Stroma area in tumor were significant difference(P<0.01). Conclusion GS changes including EMT and stromal area in tumor were used to demonstrate the molecular biological differences between conjunctival MALT lymphoma and orbital MALT lymphoma in ocular adnexa lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Tagami
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Ophthalmology Department and Eye Center, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kasashima
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Anna Kakehashi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuko Yoshikawa
- Ophthalmology Department and Eye Center, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mizuho Nishio
- Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Wanibuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Azumi
- Ophthalmology Department and Eye Center, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shigeru Honda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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21
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Li L, Xia S, Zhao Z, Deng L, Wang H, Yang D, Hu Y, Ji J, Huang D, Xin T. EMP3 as a prognostic biomarker correlates with EMT in GBM. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:89. [PMID: 38229014 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant central nervous system tumor with a poor prognosis.The malignant transformation of glioma cells via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been observed as a main obstacle for glioblastoma treatment. Epithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) is significantly associated with the malignancy of GBM and the prognosis of patients. Therefore, exploring the possible mechanisms by which EMP3 promotes the growth of GBM has important implications for the treatment of GBM. METHODS We performed enrichment and correlation analysis in 5 single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. Differential expression of EMP3 in gliomas, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, diagnostic accuracy and prognostic prediction were analyzed by bioinformatics in the China Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. EMP3-silenced U87 and U251 cell lines were obtained by transient transfection with siRNA. The effect of EMP3 on glioblastoma proliferation was examined using the CCK-8 assay. Transwell migration assay and wound healing assay were used to assess the effect of EMP3 on glioblastoma migration. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of EMT-related transcription factors and mesenchymal markers. RESULTS EMP3 is a EMT associated gene in multiple types of malignant cancer and in high-grade glioblastoma. EMP3 is enriched in high-grade gliomas and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type gliomas.EMP3 can be used as a specific biomarker for diagnosing glioma patients. It is also an independent prognostic factor for glioma patients' overall survival (OS). In addition, silencing EMP3 reduces the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma cells. Mechanistically, EMP3 enhances the malignant potential of tumor cells by promoting EMT. CONCLUSION EMP3 promotes the proliferation and migration of GBM cells, and the mechanism may be related to EMP3 promoting the EMT process in GBM; EMP3 may be an independent prognostic factor in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Siyu Xia
- Department of Oncology, The Beidahuang Group General Hospital, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University, Shanghai, 201619, China
| | - Lili Deng
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hanbing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Dongbo Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yizhou Hu
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jingjing Ji
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Dayong Huang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Tao Xin
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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22
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Morillo-Bernal J, Pizarro-García P, Moreno-Bueno G, Cano A, Mazón MJ, Eraso P, Portillo F. HuR (ELAVL1) Stabilizes SOX9 mRNA and Promotes Migration and Invasion in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:384. [PMID: 38254873 PMCID: PMC10813878 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins play diverse roles in cancer, influencing various facets of the disease, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, senescence, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis. HuR, a known RBP, is recognized for stabilizing mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs), although its complete repertoire of mRNA targets remains undefined. Through a bioinformatics analysis of the gene expression profile of the Hs578T basal-like triple-negative breast cancer cell line with silenced HuR, we have identified SOX9 as a potential HuR-regulated target. SOX9 is a transcription factor involved in promoting EMT, metastasis, survival, and the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in triple-negative breast cancer. Ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation assays confirm a direct interaction between HuR and SOX9 mRNA. The half-life of SOX9 mRNA and the levels of SOX9 protein decreased in cells lacking HuR. Cells silenced for HuR exhibit reduced migration and invasion compared to control cells, a phenotype similar to that described for SOX9-silenced cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Morillo-Bernal
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Patricia Pizarro-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación MD Anderson Internacional, 28033 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amparo Cano
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Mazón
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Pilar Eraso
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Francisco Portillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Catalanotto M, Vaz JM, Abshire C, Youngblood R, Chu M, Levine H, Jolly MK, Dragoi AM. Dual role of CASP8AP2/FLASH in regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition plasticity (EMP). Transl Oncol 2024; 39:101837. [PMID: 37984255 PMCID: PMC10689956 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental program that consists of the loss of epithelial features concomitant with the acquisition of mesenchymal features. Activation of EMT in cancer facilitates the acquisition of aggressive traits and cancer invasion. EMT plasticity (EMP), the dynamic transition between multiple hybrid states in which cancer cells display both epithelial and mesenchymal markers, confers survival advantages for cancer cells in constantly changing environments during metastasis. METHODS RNAseq analysis was performed to assess genome-wide transcriptional changes in cancer cells depleted for histone regulators FLASH, NPAT, and SLBP. Quantitative PCR and Western blot were used for the detection of mRNA and protein levels. Computational analysis was performed on distinct sets of genes to determine the epithelial and mesenchymal score in cancer cells and to correlate FLASH expression with EMT markers in the CCLE collection. RESULTS We demonstrate that loss of FLASH in cancer cells gives rise to a hybrid E/M phenotype with high epithelial scores even in the presence of TGFβ, as determined by computational methods using expression of predetermined sets of epithelial and mesenchymal genes. Multiple genes involved in cell-cell junction formation are similarly specifically upregulated in FLASH-depleted cells, suggesting that FLASH acts as a repressor of the epithelial phenotype. Further, FLASH expression in cancer lines is inversely correlated with the epithelial score. Nonetheless, subsets of mesenchymal markers were distinctly up-regulated in FLASH, NPAT, or SLBP-depleted cells. CONCLUSIONS The ZEB1low/SNAILhigh/E-cadherinhigh phenotype described in FLASH-depleted cancer cells is driving a hybrid E/M phenotype in which epithelial and mesenchymal markers coexist.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel Markus Vaz
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Reneau Youngblood
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSUHSC, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Min Chu
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, INLET Core, LSUHSC, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Ana-Maria Dragoi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSUHSC, Shreveport, LA, USA; Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, INLET Core, LSUHSC, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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24
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Chen LL, Li YQ, Kang ZH, Zhang X, Gu SY, Wang N, Shen XY. Blocking the interaction between circTNRC18 and LIN28A promotes trophoblast epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and alleviates preeclampsia. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 579:112073. [PMID: 37774938 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Defects in migration and invasion caused by dysregulation of trophoblastic epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) play a vital role in preeclampsia (PE). We have previously shown that circTNRC18 inhibits the migration and EMT of trophoblasts; however, its role in PE remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that circTNRC18 interacts with an RNA-binding protein, lin-28 homolog A (LIN28A), and this interaction is enhanced in PE placental tissue. LIN28A overexpression suppresses circTNRC18-mediated inhibition of trophoblast migration, invasion, and EMT, whereas LIN28A knockdown promotes them. The intracellular distribution of LIN28A is regulated by circTNRC18, where it promotes the expression of insulin-like growth factor II by stabilizing its mRNA. circTNRC18 also promotes complex formation between GATA-binding factor 1 (GATA1) and sine oculis homeobox 1 (SIX1) by inhibiting LIN28A-GATA1 interaction. GATA1-SIX1 promotes transcription of grainyhead-like protein 2 homolog and circTNRC18-mediated regulation of cell migration and invasion. Moreover, blocking circTNRC18-LIN28A interaction with antisense nucleotides alleviates PE in a mouse model of reduced uterine perfusion pressure. Thus, targeting the circTNRC18-LIN28A regulatory axis may be a novel PE treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
| | - Ya-Qin Li
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Hui Kang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
| | - Su-Yan Gu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
| | - Xue-Yan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
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25
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Ma Y, Yu Y, Yin Y, Wang L, Yang H, Luo S, Zheng Q, Pan Y, Zhang D. Potential role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by periodontal pathogens in oral cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18064. [PMID: 38031653 PMCID: PMC10805513 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of oral cancer in the world, it has become a hotspot to explore the pathogenesis and prevention of oral cancer. It has been proved there is a strong link between periodontal pathogens and oral cancer. However, the specific molecular and cellular pathogenic mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. Emerging evidence suggests that periodontal pathogens-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely related to the progression of oral cancer. Cells undergoing EMT showed increased motility, aggressiveness and stemness, which provide a pro-tumour environment and promote malignant metastasis of oral cancer. Plenty of studies proposed periodontal pathogens promote carcinogenesis via EMT. In the current review, we discussed the association between the development of oral cancer and periodontal pathogens, and summarized various mechanisms of EMT caused by periodontal pathogens, which are supposed to play an important role in oral cancer, to provide targets for future research in the fight against oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Ma
- Department of Periodontics, School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yingyi Yu
- Department of Periodontics, School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yuqing Yin
- Department of Periodontics, School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Liu Wang
- Department of Periodontics, School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Huishun Yang
- Department of Periodontics, School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Shiyin Luo
- Department of Periodontics, School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qifan Zheng
- Department of Periodontics, School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
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26
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Zhang C, Pan G, Qin JJ. Role of F-box proteins in human upper gastrointestinal tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189035. [PMID: 38049014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination and degradation is an essential physiological process in almost all organisms. As the key participants in this process, the E3 ubiquitin ligases have been widely studied and recognized. F-box proteins, a crucial component of E3 ubiquitin ligases that regulates diverse biological functions, including cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis by facilitating the degradation of substrate proteins. Currently, there is an increasing focus on studying the role of F-box proteins in cancer. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the significant contributions of F-box proteins to the development of upper gastrointestinal tumors, highlighting their dual roles as both carcinogens and tumor suppressors. We delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of F-box proteins in upper gastrointestinal tumors, exploring their interactions with specific substrates and their cross-talks with other key signaling pathways. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of F-box proteins in radiotherapy resistance in the upper gastrointestinal tract, emphasizing their potential as clinical therapeutic and prognostic targets. Overall, this review provides an up-to-date understanding of the intricate involvement of F-box proteins in human upper gastrointestinal tumors, offering valuable insights for the identification of prognostic markers and the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Zhang
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guangzhao Pan
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China.
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27
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Yıldırım MR, Kırbaş OK, Abdik H, Şahin F, Avşar Abdik E. The emerging role of breast cancer derived extracellular vesicles-mediated intercellular communication in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis. Med Oncol 2023; 41:30. [PMID: 38148465 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most occurring cancer types in women worldwide and metastasizes to several organs such as bone, lungs, liver, brain, and ovaries. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular signaling which has a profound effect on tumor development and metastasis. Recent developments in the field of EVs provide an opportunity to investigate the roles of EVs released from tumor cells in metastasis. In this study, we compared the effects of metastatic breast cancer-derived EVs on both nonluteinized granulosa HGrC1 and ovarian cancer OVCAR-3 cells in terms of proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and gene expression levels. EVs were isolated from the culture medium of metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 by ultracentrifugation. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion, and cellular uptake analysis were performed to clarify the roles of tumor-derived EVs in both cells. 6.85 × 108 nanoparticles of BCD-EVs were markedly increased cell proliferation as well as invasion capacity. Exposing the cells with BCD-EVs for 24 h, resulted in an accumulation of both cells in G2/M phase as determined by flow cytometry. The apoptosis assay results were consistent with cell proliferation and cell cycle results. The uptake of the BCD-EVs was efficiently internalized by both cells. In addition, marked variations in fatty acid composition between cells were observed. BCD-EVs appeared new fatty acids in HGrC1. Besides, BCD-EVs upregulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and proliferation-related genes. In conclusion, an environment of tumor-derived EVs changes the cellular phenotype of cancer and noncancerous cells and may lead to tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Rahime Yıldırım
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Kaan Kırbaş
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Abdik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, 34303, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Avşar Abdik
- Department of Genomics, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Istanbul University, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
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28
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Zhu Q, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yang X, Shuai Z. Prostate transmembrane androgen inducible protein 1 (PMEPA1): regulation and clinical implications. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1298660. [PMID: 38173834 PMCID: PMC10761476 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1298660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate transmembrane androgen inducible protein 1 (PMEPA1) can promote or inhibit prostate cancer cell growth based on the cancer cell response to the androgen receptor (AR). Further, it can be upregulated by transforming growth factor (TGF), which downregulates transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling by interfering with R-Smad phosphorylation to facilitate TGF-β receptor degradation. Studies have indicated the increased expression of PMEPA1 in some solid tumors and its functioning as a regulator of multiple signaling pathways. This review highlights the multiple potential signaling pathways associated with PMEPA1 and the role of the PMEPA1 gene in regulating prognosis, including transcriptional regulation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, the relevant implications in and outside tumors, for example, as a biomarker and its potential functions in lysosomes have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicui Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoke Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
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29
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Wang X, Eichhorn PJA, Thiery JP. TGF-β, EMT, and resistance to anti-cancer treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:1-11. [PMID: 37944215 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling regulates cell-specific programs involved in embryonic development, wound-healing, and immune homeostasis. Yet, during tumor progression, these TGF-β-mediated programs are altered, leading to epithelial cell plasticity and a reprogramming of epithelial cells into mesenchymal lineages through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a critical developmental program in morphogenesis and organogenesis. These changes, in turn, lead to enhanced carcinoma cell invasion, metastasis, immune cell differentiation, immune evasion, and chemotherapy resistance. Here, we discuss EMT as one of the critical programs associated with carcinoma cell plasticity and the influence exerted by TGF-β on carcinoma status and function. We further explore the composition of carcinoma and other cell populations within the tumor microenvironment, and consider the relevant outcomes related to the programs associated with cancer treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecong Wang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia; Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore, Singapore
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30
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Tang S, Cai L, Wang Z, Pan D, Wang Q, Shen Y, Zhou Y, Chen Q. Emerging roles of circular RNAs in the invasion and metastasis of head and neck cancer: Possible functions and mechanisms. CANCER INNOVATION 2023; 2:463-487. [PMID: 38125767 PMCID: PMC10730008 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most prevalent malignancy worldwide in 2020. Cancer metastasis is the main cause of poor prognosis in HNC patients. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs), initially thought to have no biological function, are attracting increasing attention, and their crucial roles in mediating HNC metastasis are being extensively investigated. Existing studies have shown that circRNAs primarily function through miRNA sponges, transcriptional regulation, interacting with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and as translation templates. Among these functions, the function of miRNA sponge is the most prominent. In this review, we summarized the reported circRNAs involved in HNC metastasis, aiming to elucidate the regulatory relationship between circRNAs and HNC metastasis. Furthermore, we summarized the latest advances in the epidemiological information of HNC metastasis and the tumor metastasis theories, the biogenesis, characterization and functional mechanisms of circRNAs, and their potential clinical applications. Although the research on circRNAs is still in its infancy, circRNAs are expected to serve as prognostic markers and effective therapeutic targets to inhibit HNC metastasis and significantly improve the prognosis of HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Luyao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Dan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yingqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- State Institute of Drug/Medical Device Clinical TrialWest China Hospital of StomatologyChengduChina
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
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31
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Schito L, Rey-Keim S. Hypoxia signaling and metastatic progression. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:42-49. [PMID: 37926346 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of oxygen homeostasis, resulting from an imbalance between O2 supply and demand during malignant proliferation, leads to the development of hypoxic tumor microenvironments that promote the acquisition of aggressive cancer cell phenotypes linked to metastasis and patient mortality. In this review, the mechanistic links between tumor hypoxia and metastatic progression are presented. Current status and perspectives of targeting hypoxia signaling pathways as a strategy to halt cancer cell metastatic activities are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Schito
- UCD School of Medicine, Belfield, Dublin D04 C7X2, Ireland; UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 C7X2, Ireland.
| | - Sergio Rey-Keim
- UCD School of Medicine, Belfield, Dublin D04 C7X2, Ireland; UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 C7X2, Ireland.
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32
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He X, Tang R, Lou J, Wang R. Identifying key factors in cell fate decisions by machine learning interpretable strategies. J Biol Phys 2023; 49:443-462. [PMID: 37458834 PMCID: PMC10651582 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-023-09640-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell fate decisions and transitions are common in almost all developmental processes. Therefore, it is important to identify the decision-making mechanisms and important individual molecules behind the fate decision processes. In this paper, we propose an interpretable strategy based on systematic perturbation, unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), machine learning (ML), and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) analysis for inferring the contribution and importance of individual molecules in cell fate decision and transition processes. In order to verify feasibility of the approach, we apply it to the core epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-metastasis network. The key factors identified in EMT-metastasis are consistent with relevant experimental observations. The approach presented here can be applied to other biological networks to identify important factors related to cell fate decisions and transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu He
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ruoyu Tang
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jie Lou
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Farahzadi R, Valipour B, Fathi E, Pirmoradi S, Molavi O, Montazersaheb S, Sanaat Z. Oxidative stress regulation and related metabolic pathways in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:342. [PMID: 38017510 PMCID: PMC10685711 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cell remodeling process in which epithelial cells undergo a reversible phenotype switch via the loss of adhesion capacity and acquisition of mesenchymal characteristics. In other words, EMT activation can increase invasiveness and metastatic properties, and prevent the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutics, as mesenchymal cells have a higher resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. EMT is orchestrated by a complex and multifactorial network, often linked to episodic, transient, or partial events. A variety of factors have been implicated in EMT development. Based on this concept, multiple metabolic pathways and master transcription factors, such as Snail, Twist, and ZEB, can drive the EMT. Emerging evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a significant role in EMT induction. One emerging theory is that reducing mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species production may contribute to EMT development. This review describes how metabolic pathways and transcription factors are linked to EMT induction and addresses the involvement of signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Valipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Pirmoradi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ommoleila Molavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Sanaat
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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34
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Bukhari M, Patel N, Fontana R, Santiago-Medina M, Jiang Y, Li D, Pestonjamasp K, Christiansen VJ, Jackson KW, McKee PA, Yang J. Fibroblast activation protein drives tumor metastasis via a protease-independent role in invadopodia stabilization. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113302. [PMID: 37862167 PMCID: PMC10742343 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During metastasis, tumor cells invade through the basement membrane and intravasate into blood vessels and then extravasate into distant organs to establish metastases. Here, we report a critical role of a transmembrane serine protease fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in tumor metastasis. Expression of FAP and TWIST1, a metastasis driver, is significantly correlated in several types of human carcinomas, and FAP is required for TWIST1-induced breast cancer metastasis to the lung. Mechanistically, FAP is localized at invadopodia and required for invadopodia-mediated extracellular matrix degradation independent of its proteolytic activity. Live cell imaging shows that association of invadopodia precursors with FAP at the cell membrane promotes the stabilization and growth of invadopodia precursors into mature invadopodia. Together, our study identified FAP as a functional target of TWIST1 in driving tumor metastasis via promoting invadopodia-mediated matrix degradation and uncovered a proteolytic activity-independent role of FAP in stabilizing invadopodia precursors for maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurish Bukhari
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Navneeta Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rosa Fontana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Miguel Santiago-Medina
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yike Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kersi Pestonjamasp
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Victoria J Christiansen
- William K. Warren Medical Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Kenneth W Jackson
- William K. Warren Medical Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Patrick A McKee
- William K. Warren Medical Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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35
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Li L, Zheng J, Oltean S. Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions by Alternative Splicing: Potential New Area for Cancer Therapeutics. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2001. [PMID: 38002944 PMCID: PMC10671305 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complicated biological process in which cells with epithelial phenotype are transformed into mesenchymal cells with loss of cell polarity and cell-cell adhesion and gain of the ability to migrate. EMT and the reverse mesenchymal-epithelial transitions (METs) are present during cancer progression and metastasis. Using the dynamic switch between EMT and MET, tumour cells can migrate to neighbouring organs or metastasize in the distance and develop resistance to traditional chemotherapy and targeted drug treatments. Growing evidence shows that reversing or inhibiting EMT may be an advantageous approach for suppressing the migration of tumour cells or distant metastasis. Among different levels of modulation of EMT, alternative splicing (AS) plays an important role. An in-depth understanding of the role of AS and EMT in cancer is not only helpful to better understand the occurrence and regulation of EMT in cancer progression, but also may provide new therapeutic strategies. This review will present and discuss various splice variants and splicing factors that have been shown to play a crucial role in EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sebastian Oltean
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (L.L.)
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36
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Chutani N, Ragula S, Syed K, Pakala SB. Novel Insights into the Role of Chromatin Remodeler MORC2 in Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1527. [PMID: 37892209 PMCID: PMC10605154 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A newly discovered chromatin remodeler, MORC2, is a Microrchidia (MORC) family member. MORC2 acts as a chromatin remodeler by binding to the DNA and changing chromatin conformation using its ATPase domain. MORC2 is highly expressed in a variety of human cancers. It controls diverse signaling pathways essential for cancer development through its target genes and interacting partners. MORC2 promotes cancer cells' growth, invasion, and migration by regulating the expression of genes involved in these processes. MORC2 is localized primarily in the nucleus and is also found in the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, MORC2 interacts with adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-citrate lyase (ACLY) to promote lipogenesis and cholesterogenesis in cancer. In the nucleus, MORC2 interacts with the transcription factor c-Myc to control the transcription of genes involved in glucose metabolism to drive cancer cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, MORC2 recruits on to the promoters of tumor suppressor genes to repress their transcription and expression to promote oncogenesis. In addition to its crucial function in oncogenesis, it plays a vital role in DNA repair. Overall, this review concisely summarizes the current knowledge about MORC2-regulated molecular pathways involved in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Chutani
- Biology Division, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Mangalam, Tirupati 517 507, India;
| | - Sandhya Ragula
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India;
| | - Khajamohiddin Syed
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa;
| | - Suresh B. Pakala
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India;
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa;
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Moutabian H, Radi UK, Saleman AY, Adil M, Zabibah RS, Chaitanya MNL, Saadh MJ, Jawad MJ, Hazrati E, Bagheri H, Pal RS, Akhavan-Sigari R. MicroRNA-155 and cancer metastasis: Regulation of invasion, migration, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154789. [PMID: 37741138 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Among the leading causes of death globally has been cancer. Nearly 90% of all cancer-related fatalities are attributed to metastasis, which is the growing of additional malignant growths out of the original cancer origin. Therefore, a significant clinical need for a deeper comprehension of metastasis exists. Beginning investigations are being made on the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the metastatic process. Tiny non-coding RNAs called miRNAs have a crucial part in controlling the spread of cancer. Some miRNAs regulate migration, invasion, colonization, cancer stem cells' properties, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the microenvironment, among other processes, to either promote or prevent metastasis. One of the most well-conserved and versatile miRNAs, miR-155 is primarily distinguished by overexpression in a variety of illnesses, including malignant tumors. It has been discovered that altered miR-155 expression is connected to a number of physiological and pathological processes, including metastasis. As a result, miR-155-mediated signaling pathways were identified as possible cancer molecular therapy targets. The current research on miR-155, which is important in controlling cancer cells' invasion, and metastasis as well as migration, will be summarized in the current work. The crucial significance of the lncRNA/circRNA-miR-155-mRNA network as a crucial regulator of carcinogenesis and a player in the regulation of signaling pathways or related genes implicated in cancer metastasis will be covered in the final section. These might provide light on the creation of fresh treatment plans for controlling cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Moutabian
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Usama Kadem Radi
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | | | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Mv N L Chaitanya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan; Applied Science Research Center. Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Ebrahi Hazrati
- Trauma Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rashmi Saxena Pal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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38
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Poyyakkara A, Raji GR, Padmaja KP, Ramachandran V, Changmai U, Edatt L, Punathil R, Kumar VBS. Integrin β4 induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition involves miR-383 mediated regulation of GATA6 levels. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8623-8637. [PMID: 37656269 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The process of transdifferentiating epithelial cells to mesenchymal-like cells (EMT) involves cells gradually taking on an invasive and migratory phenotype. Many cell adhesion molecules are crucial for the management of EMT, integrin β4 (ITGB4) being one among them. Although signaling downstream of ITGB4 has been reported to cause changes in the expression of several miRNAs, little is known about the role of such miRNAs in the process of EMT. METHODS AND RESULTS The cytoplasmic domain of ITGB4 (ITGB4CD) was ectopically expressed in HeLa cells to induce ITGB4 signaling, and expression analysis of mesenchymal markers indicated the induction of EMT. β-catenin and AKT signaling pathways were found to be activated downstream of ITGB4 signaling, as evidenced by the TOPFlash assay and the levels of phosphorylated AKT, respectively. Based on in silico and qRT-PCR analysis, miR-383 was selected for functional validation studies. miR-383 and Sponge were ectopically expressed in HeLa, thereafter, western blot and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that miR-383 regulates GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6) post-transcriptionally. The ectopic expression of shRNA targeting GATA6 caused the reversal of EMT and β catenin activation downstream of ITGB4 signaling. Cell migration assays revealed significantly high cell migration upon ectopic expression ITGB4CD, which was reversed upon ectopic co-expression of miR-383 or GATA6 shRNA. Besides, ITGB4CD promoted EMT in in ovo xenograft model, which was reversed by ectopic expression of miR-383 or GATA6 shRNA. CONCLUSION The induction of EMT downstream of ITGB4 involves a signaling axis encompassing AKT/miR-383/GATA6/β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswini Poyyakkara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Grace R Raji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - K P Padmaja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
- CRP-10, Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
| | - Vishnu Ramachandran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Udeshna Changmai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Lincy Edatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Rabina Punathil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, SRM University, Sikkim, 737102, India
| | - V B Sameer Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India.
- Department of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India.
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Feng X, Ge J, Fu H, Miao L, Zhao F, Wang J, Sun Y, Li Y, Li Y. Discovery of small molecule β-catenin suppressors that enhance immunotherapy. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106754. [PMID: 37536216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Small molecules directly downregulating β-catenin could potentially offer a more effective therapeutic approach for combating against cancer stem cells, as compared to targeting the downstream components of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The challenge, however, lies in the fact that very few β-catenin suppressors have proven clinically effective, leaving a significant gap in medical solutions. Given that E-cadherin has a natural affinity for β-catenin, it stands to reason that agents designed to increase E-cadherin expression might provide an alternative method of regulating β-catenin levels. In this study, we report our discovery of DSS-C12 and DSS-B8, specific ester-based drugs derived from Dan-Shen-Su (DSS) extracted from the herb Salvia miltiorrhiza. Remarkably, these compounds display a potent ability to downregulate β-catenin, while also improving overall survival in post-surgery mice. Additionally, when these drugs are used in combination with PD-L1 checkpoint blockade, they stimulate enhanced systemic immune responses leading to significant suppression of primary tumor growth. In-depth mechanistic studies revealed that DSS-B8 functions as a vitamin D receptor agonist without inducing hypercalcemic effects. Collectively, our findings indicate that DSS-derived small molecules have considerable potential as clinically viable therapeutic strategies for β-catenin deactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchen Feng
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jun Ge
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hui Fu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin China
| | - Lin Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yujiao Sun
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yingpeng Li
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yunfei Li
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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40
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Sarrand J, Soyfoo MS. Involvement of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Autoimmune Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14481. [PMID: 37833928 PMCID: PMC10572663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex reversible biological process characterized by the loss of epithelial features and the acquisition of mesenchymal features. EMT was initially described in developmental processes and was further associated with pathological conditions including metastatic cascade arising in neoplastic progression and organ fibrosis. Fibrosis is delineated by an excessive number of myofibroblasts, resulting in exuberant production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, thereby compromising organ function and ultimately leading to its failure. It is now well acknowledged that a significant number of myofibroblasts result from the conversion of epithelial cells via EMT. Over the past two decades, evidence has accrued linking fibrosis to many chronic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In addition, chronic inflammatory states observed in most autoimmune and inflammatory diseases can act as a potent trigger of EMT, leading to the development of a pathological fibrotic state. In the present review, we aim to describe the current state of knowledge regarding the contribution of EMT to the pathophysiological processes of various rheumatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Sarrand
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Muhammad S. Soyfoo
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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41
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Cano A, Eraso P, Mazón MJ, Portillo F. LOXL2 in Cancer: A Two-Decade Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14405. [PMID: 37762708 PMCID: PMC10532419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysyl Oxidase Like 2 (LOXL2) belongs to the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family, which comprises five lysine tyrosylquinone (LTQ)-dependent copper amine oxidases in humans. In 2003, LOXL2 was first identified as a promoter of tumour progression and, over the course of two decades, numerous studies have firmly established its involvement in multiple cancers. Extensive research with large cohorts of human tumour samples has demonstrated that dysregulated LOXL2 expression is strongly associated with poor prognosis in patients. Moreover, investigations have revealed the association of LOXL2 with various targets affecting diverse aspects of tumour progression. Additionally, the discovery of a complex network of signalling factors acting at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels has provided insights into the mechanisms underlying the aberrant expression of LOXL2 in tumours. Furthermore, the development of genetically modified mouse models with silenced or overexpressed LOXL2 has enabled in-depth exploration of its in vivo role in various cancer models. Given the significant role of LOXL2 in numerous cancers, extensive efforts are underway to identify specific inhibitors that could potentially improve patient prognosis. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of two decades of research on the role of LOXL2 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amparo Cano
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.); (P.E.); (M.J.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz—IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Eraso
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.); (P.E.); (M.J.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz—IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Mazón
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.); (P.E.); (M.J.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz—IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Portillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.); (P.E.); (M.J.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz—IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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42
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Pan Y, van der Watt PJ, Kay SA. E-box binding transcription factors in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1223208. [PMID: 37601651 PMCID: PMC10437117 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1223208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
E-boxes are important regulatory elements in the eukaryotic genome. Transcription factors can bind to E-boxes through their basic helix-loop-helix or zinc finger domain to regulate gene transcription. E-box-binding transcription factors (EBTFs) are important regulators of development and essential for physiological activities of the cell. The fundamental role of EBTFs in cancer has been highlighted by studies on the canonical oncogene MYC, yet many EBTFs exhibit common features, implying the existence of shared molecular principles of how they are involved in tumorigenesis. A comprehensive analysis of TFs that share the basic function of binding to E-boxes has been lacking. Here, we review the structure of EBTFs, their common features in regulating transcription, their physiological functions, and their mutual regulation. We also discuss their converging functions in cancer biology, their potential to be targeted as a regulatory network, and recent progress in drug development targeting these factors in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhong Pan
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pauline J. van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Steve A. Kay
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Abdelaziz N, Therachiyil L, Sadida HQ, Ali AM, Khan OS, Singh M, Khan AQ, Akil ASAS, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Epigenetic inhibitors and their role in cancer therapy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 380:211-251. [PMID: 37657859 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications to DNA are crucial for normal cellular and biological functioning. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling are the most common epigenetic mechanisms. These changes are heritable but still reversible. The aberrant epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-mediated gene regulation, play an essential role in developing various human diseases, including cancer. Recent studies show that synthetic and dietary epigenetic inhibitors attenuate the abnormal epigenetic modifications in cancer cells and therefore have strong potential for cancer treatment. In this chapter, we have highlighted various types of epigenetic modifications, their mechanism, and as drug targets for epigenetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Abdelaziz
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Omar S Khan
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), BRAIRCH All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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44
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Erturk E, Onur OE, Aydin I, Akgun O, Coskun D, Ari F. Targeting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway with combination of Wnt inhibitor and chalcone complexes in lung cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1203-1219. [PMID: 37450704 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of the lung cancer. Despite development in treatment options in NSCLC, the overall survival ratios is still poor due to epithelial and mesenchymal transition (EMT) feature and associated metastasis event. Thereby there is a need to develop strategy to increase antitumor response against the NSCLC cells by targeting EMT pathway with combination drugs. Niclosamide and chalcone complexes are both affect cancer cell signaling pathways and therefore inhibit the EMT pathway. In this study, it was aimed to increase antitumor response and suppress EMT pathway in NSCLC cells by combining niclosamide and chalcone complexes. SRB cell viability assay was performed to investigate the anticancer activity of drugs. The drugs were tested on both NSCLC cells (A549 and H1299) and normal lung bronchial cells (BEAS-2B). Then the two drugs were combined and their effects on cancer cells were evaluated. Fluorescence imaging and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed on treated cells to observe the cell death manner. Wound healing assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis were performed to measure EMT pathway activity. Our results showed that niclosamide and chalcone complexes combination kill cancer cells more than normal lung bronchial cells. Compared to single drug administration, the combination of both drugs killed NSCLC cells more effectively by increasing apoptotic activity. In addition, the combination of niclosamide and chalcone complexes decreased multidrug resistance and EMT activity by lowering their gene expressions and protein levels. These results showed that niclosamide and chalcone complexes combination could be a new drug combination for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Erturk
- Vocational School of Health Services, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Omer E Onur
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ipek Aydin
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Akgun
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Demet Coskun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ari
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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45
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Iwamoto S, Mori Y, Yamashita T, Ojima K, Akita K, Togano S, Kushiyama S, Yashiro M, Yatera Y, Yamaguchi T, Komiyama A, Sago Y, Itano N, Nakada H. Trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 phosphorylation triggered by binding of galectin-3 drives metastasis through down-regulation of E-cadherin. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104971. [PMID: 37380081 PMCID: PMC10392139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) is enhanced in many tumor tissues and is correlated with increased malignancy and poor survival of patients with cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that the Ser-322 residue of Trop-2 is phosphorylated by protein kinase Cα (PKCα) and PKCδ. Here, we demonstrate that phosphomimetic Trop-2 expressing cells have markedly decreased E-cadherin mRNA and protein levels. Consistently, mRNA and protein of the E-cadherin-repressing transcription factors zinc finger E-Box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) were elevated, suggesting transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin expression. The binding of galectin-3 to Trop-2 enhanced the phosphorylation and subsequent cleavage of Trop-2, followed by intracellular signaling by the resultant C-terminal fragment. Binding of β-catenin/transcription factor 4 (TCF4) along with the C-terminal fragment of Trop-2 to the ZEB1 promoter upregulated ZEB1 expression. Of note, siRNA-mediated knockdown of β-catenin and TCF4 increased the expression of E-cadherin through ZEB1 downregulation. Knockdown of Trop-2 in MCF-7 cells and DU145 cells resulted in downregulation of ZEB1 and subsequent upregulation of E-cadherin. Furthermore, wild-type and phosphomimetic Trop-2 but not phosphorylation-blocked Trop-2 were detected in the liver and/or lung of some nude mice bearing primary tumors inoculated intraperitoneally or subcutaneously with wild-type or mutated Trop-2 expressing cells, suggesting that Trop-2 phosphorylation, plays an important role in tumor cell mobility in vivo, too. Together with our previous finding of Trop-2 dependent regulation of claudin-7, we suggest that the Trop-2-mediated cascade involves concurrent derangement of both tight and adherence junctions, which may drive metastasis of epithelial tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shungo Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Mori
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ojima
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaoru Akita
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Togano
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kushiyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yatera
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akane Komiyama
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Sago
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Itano
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakada
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Zivotic M, Kovacevic S, Nikolic G, Mioljevic A, Filipovic I, Djordjevic M, Jovicic V, Topalovic N, Ilic K, Radojevic Skodric S, Dundjerovic D, Nesovic Ostojic J. SLUG and SNAIL as Potential Immunohistochemical Biomarkers for Renal Cancer Staging and Survival. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12245. [PMID: 37569620 PMCID: PMC10418944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the deadliest urological neoplasm. Up to date, no validated biomarkers are included in clinical guidelines for the screening and follow up of patients suffering from RCC. Slug (Snail2) and Snail (Snail1) belong to the Snail superfamily of zinc finger transcriptional factors that take part in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a process important during embryogenesis but also involved in tumor progression. We examined Slug and Snail immunohistochemical expression in patients with different stages of renal cell carcinomas with the aim to investigate their potential role as staging and prognostic factors. A total of 166 samples of malignant renal cell neoplasms were analyzed using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. Slug and Snail expressions were evaluated qualitatively (presence or absence), in nuclear and cytoplasmic cell compartments and compared in relation to clinical parameters. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the impact of the sarcomatoid component and Slug expression on the survival longevity. Cox regression analysis separated Slug as the only independent prognostic factor (p = 0.046). The expression of Snail was associated with higher stages of the disease (p = 0.004), especially observing nuclear Snail expression (p < 0.001). All of the tumors that had metastasized showed nuclear immunoreactivity (p < 0.001). In clear cell RCC, we showed a significant relationship between a high nuclear grade and nuclear Snail expression (p = 0.039). Our results suggest that Slug and Snail could be useful immunohistochemical markers for staging and prognosis in patients suffering from various RCCs, representing potential targets for further therapy strategies of renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Zivotic
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 1 Dr. Subotic Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (G.N.); (A.M.); (I.F.); (K.I.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Sanjin Kovacevic
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 9 Dr. Subotic Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Gorana Nikolic
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 1 Dr. Subotic Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (G.N.); (A.M.); (I.F.); (K.I.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Ana Mioljevic
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 1 Dr. Subotic Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (G.N.); (A.M.); (I.F.); (K.I.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Isidora Filipovic
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 1 Dr. Subotic Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (G.N.); (A.M.); (I.F.); (K.I.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Marija Djordjevic
- Faculty of Organization Sciences, University of Belgrade, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Vladimir Jovicic
- Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nikola Topalovic
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Kristina Ilic
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 1 Dr. Subotic Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (G.N.); (A.M.); (I.F.); (K.I.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Sanja Radojevic Skodric
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 1 Dr. Subotic Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (G.N.); (A.M.); (I.F.); (K.I.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Dusko Dundjerovic
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 1 Dr. Subotic Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (G.N.); (A.M.); (I.F.); (K.I.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Jelena Nesovic Ostojic
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 9 Dr. Subotic Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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47
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Maharati A, Moghbeli M. Role of microRNAs in regulation of doxorubicin and paclitaxel responses in lung tumor cells. Cell Div 2023; 18:11. [PMID: 37480054 PMCID: PMC10362644 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer related mortality is always one of the main global health challenges. Despite the recent progresses in therapeutic methods, the mortality rate is still significantly high among lung cancer patients. A wide range of therapeutic methods including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are used to treat lung cancer. Doxorubicin (DOX) and Paclitaxel (TXL) are widely used as the first-line chemotherapeutic drugs in lung cancer. However, there is a significant high percentage of DOX/TXL resistance in lung cancer patients, which leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Considering, the side effects of these drugs in normal tissues, it is required to clarify the molecular mechanisms of DOX/TXL resistance to introduce the efficient prognostic and therapeutic markers in lung cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have key roles in regulation of different pathophysiological processes including cell division, apoptosis, migration, and drug resistance. MiRNA deregulations are widely associated with chemo resistance in various cancers. Therefore, considering the importance of miRNAs in chemotherapy response, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in regulation of DOX/TXL response in lung cancer patients. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly induced DOX/TXL sensitivity in lung tumor cells by the regulation of signaling pathways, autophagy, transcription factors, and apoptosis. This review can be an effective step in introducing miRNAs as the non-invasive prognostic markers to predict DOX/TXL response in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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48
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Clark LE, Dickinson AJG, Lima S. GBA Regulates EMT/MET and Chemoresistance in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by Modulating the Cellular Glycosphingolipid Profile. Cells 2023; 12:1886. [PMID: 37508550 PMCID: PMC10378370 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSL) are plasma membrane components that influence molecular processes involved in cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutic responses. They also modulate receptor tyrosine kinases involved in EMT. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that regulate GSLs in cancer has important therapeutic potential. One critical regulator of GSLs is the lysosomal glucosylceramidase β1 (GBA) that catalyzes the last step in GSL degradation. We show that, in cancer, GBA copy number amplifications and increased expression are widespread. We show that depleting GBA in squamous cell carcinoma cell lines results in a mesenchymal-to-epithelial shift, decreased invasion and migration, increased chemotherapeutic sensitivity, and decreased activation of receptor tyrosine kinases that are involved in regulating EMT. Untargeted lipidomics shows that GBA depletion had significant effects on sphingolipids and GSLs, suggesting that increased GBA activity in cancer sustains EMT and chemoresistance by modulating receptor tyrosine kinase activity and signaling via effects on the cellular lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Clark
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Amanda J G Dickinson
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Santiago Lima
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
- Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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49
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Jia W, Chen S, Wei R, Yang X, Zhang M, Qian Y, Liu H, Lei D. CYP4F12 is a potential biomarker and inhibits cell migration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via EMT pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10956. [PMID: 37414830 PMCID: PMC10326030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37950-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is the most common malignant tumor of head and neck. Due to the insidious nature of HNSC and the lack of effective early diagnostic indicators, the development of novel biomarkers to improve patient prognosis is particularly urgent. In this study, we explored and validated the correlation between cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 12 (CYP4F12) expression levels and HNSC progression using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and collected patient samples. We analyzed the association of CYP4F12 expression with clinicopathological features, immune correlation and prognosis. Finally, we analyzed the correlation between CYP4F12 and pathways, and verified by experiments. The results showed that CYP4F12 was low expressed in tumor tissues, participated in a variety of phenotypic changes of HNSC and affected immune cell infiltration. Pathway analysis indicated that CYP4F12 may play a key role in tumor cell migration and apoptosis. Experimental results showed that over-expression of CYP4F12 inhibited cell migration and enhanced the adhesion between cells and matrix by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway in HNSC cells. In conclusion, our study provided insights into the role of CYP4F12 in HNSC and revealed that CYP4F12 may be a potential therapeutic target for HNSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Jia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, China
| | - Minfa Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Ye Qian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, China.
| | - Dapeng Lei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, China.
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50
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Yan C, Li Y, Liu H, Chen D, Wu J. Antitumor mechanism of cannabidiol hidden behind cancer hallmarks. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188905. [PMID: 37164234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids have been utilized for recreational and therapeutic purposes for over 4,000 years. As the primary ingredient in exogenous cannabinoids, Cannabidiol (CBD) has drawn a lot of interest from researchers due to its negligible psychotropic side effects and potential tumor-suppressing properties. However, the obscure mechanisms that underlie them remain a mystery. Complex biological mechanisms are involved in the progression of cancer, and malignancies have a variety of acquired biological capabilities, including sustained proliferation, death evasion, neovascularization, tissue invasion and metastasis, immune escape, metabolic reprogramming, induction of tumor-associated inflammation, cancerous stemness and genomic instability. Nowadays, the role of CBD hidden in these hallmarks is gradually revealed. Nevertheless, flaws or inconsistencies in the recent studies addressing the anti-cancer effects of CBD still exist. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the potential mechanisms underlying the role of CBD in a range of tumor-acquired biological capabilities. We propose potential drugs that may have a synergistic effect with CBD and provide optional directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobiao Yan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, China; Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU019), China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yu Li
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, China; Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU019), China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Hanqing Liu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, China; Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU019), China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Diyu Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, China; Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU019), China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, China; Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU019), China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
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