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Liu G, Li X, Liu X, Lu W, Xue Y, Liu M. Cyclodextrin-conjugated low-molecular-weight polyethyleneimine as a macromolecular contrast agent for tumor-targeted magnetic resonance imaging. RSC Adv 2024; 14:10499-10506. [PMID: 38567319 PMCID: PMC10985534 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00316k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Macromolecular contrast agents (CAs) usually possess excellent contrast ability and tumor-targeting ability in comparison with small-molecule CAs, especially for early tumor detection. Herein, cyclodextrin-conjugated low-molecular-weight polyethyleneimine was synthesized as a macromolecular backbone. Afterward, a linear polymer with adamantane terminal and Gd chelates was synthesized, followed by conjugating with the backbone via host-guest interaction. Finally, folic acid was conjugated onto the as-prepared CAs through bioorthogonal chemistry, which endowed the CAs with the capability to accumulate into the tumor region. Compared to Magnevist (r1 = 4.25 mM-1 s-1) used in clinic, the PC/Ad-PEG2000-PLL(DTPA-Gd)-FA exhibited higher longitudinal relaxivity (r1 = 11.62 mM-1 s-1) with excellent biocompatibility. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated that PC/Ad-PEG2000-PLL(DTPA-Gd)-FA could effectively accumulate in the tumor region and produce a brighter image than that of Magnevist. The H&E staining and metabolic data further illustrated that this CA possessed excellent biocompatibility in vivo. Finally, these results above suggest that this macromolecular CA could be a potential candidate as a MRI CA for tumor-targeted diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangkuo Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430205 China
- School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430205 China
- School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China
| | - Wangting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China
- School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China
| | - Yanan Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430205 China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China
- School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China
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Mukherjee S, Sonanini D, Maurer A, Daldrup-Link HE. The yin and yang of imaging tumor associated macrophages with PET and MRI. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:7730-7748. [PMID: 31695797 PMCID: PMC6831464 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor associated macrophages (TAM) are key players in the cancer microenvironment. Molecular imaging modalities such as MRI and PET can be used to track and monitor TAM dynamics in tumors non-invasively, based on specific uptake and quantification of MRI-detectable nanoparticles or PET-detectable radiotracers. Particular molecular signatures can be leveraged to target anti-inflammatory TAM, which support tumor growth, and pro-inflammatory TAM, which suppress tumor growth. In addition, TAM-directed imaging probes can be designed to include immune modulating properties, thereby leading to combined diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) effects. In this review, we will discuss the complementary role of TAM-directed radiotracers and iron oxide nanoparticles for monitoring cancer immunotherapies with PET and MRI technologies. In addition, we will outline how TAM-directed imaging and therapy is interdependent and can be connected towards improved clinical outcomes
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Samkoe KS, Tichauer KM, Gunn JR, Wells WA, Hasan T, Pogue BW. Quantitative in vivo immunohistochemistry of epidermal growth factor receptor using a receptor concentration imaging approach. Cancer Res 2014; 74:7465-74. [PMID: 25344226 PMCID: PMC4268352 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As receptor-targeted therapeutics become increasingly used in clinical oncology, the ability to quantify protein expression and pharmacokinetics in vivo is imperative to ensure successful individualized treatment plans. Current standards for receptor analysis are performed on extracted tissues. These measurements are static and often physiologically irrelevant; therefore, only a partial picture of available receptors for drug targeting in vivo is provided. Until recently, in vivo measurements were limited by the inability to separate delivery, binding, and retention effects, but this can be circumvented by a dual-tracer approach for referencing the detected signal. We hypothesized that in vivo receptor concentration imaging (RCI) would be superior to ex vivo immunohistochemistry (IHC). Using multiple xenograft tumor models with varying EGFR expression, we determined the EGFR concentration in each model using a novel targeted agent (anti-EGFR affibody-IRDye800CW conjugate) along with a simultaneously delivered reference agent (control affibody-IRDye680RD conjugate). The RCI-calculated in vivo receptor concentration was strongly correlated with ex vivo pathologist-scored IHC and computer-quantified ex vivo immunofluorescence. In contrast, no correlation was observed with ex vivo Western blot analysis or in vitro flow-cytometry assays. Overall, our results argue that in vivo RCI provides a robust measure of receptor expression equivalent to ex vivo immunostaining, with implications for use in noninvasive monitoring of therapy or therapeutic guidance during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley S Samkoe
- Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire. Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire.
| | - Kenneth M Tichauer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason R Gunn
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Wendy A Wells
- Department of Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian W Pogue
- Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire. Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
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Zhang L, Wang K, Zhao F, Hu W, Chen J, Lanza GM, Shen B, Zhang B. Near infrared imaging of EGFR of oral squamous cell carcinoma in mice administered arsenic trioxide. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46255. [PMID: 23029451 PMCID: PMC3460885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effectiveness of near-infrared imaging (NIR) interrogation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression as a sensitive biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) response to arsenic trioxide therapy was studied in mice. Material and Methods A431 OSCC in vitro were exposed to 0 µM, 0.5 µM, 2.5 µM, or 5 µM of As2O3 for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry confirmed EGFR expression and demonstrated a sensitivity dose-related signal decline with As2O3 treatment. Next, mice with pharynx-implanted A431 cells received As2O3 i.p. every 48 h at 0.0, 0.5, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg/day (n = 6/group) from day 0 to 10. An intravenous NIR probe, EGF-Cy5.5, was injected at baseline and on days 4, 8, and 12 for dynamic NIR imaging. Tumor volume and body weights were measured three times weekly. Results In vitro, A431 EGFR expression was well appreciated in the controls and decreased (p<0.05) with increasing As2O3 dose and treatment duration. In vivo EGFR NIR tumor signal intensity decreased (p<0.05) in As2O3 treated groups versus controls from days 4 to 12, consistent with increasing dosage. Tumor volume diminished in a dose-related manner while body weight was unaffected. Immunohistochemical staining of excised tumors confirmed that EGFR expression was reduced by As2O3 treatment in a dose responsive pattern. Conclusion This study demonstrates for the first time that OSCC can be interrogated in vivo by NIR molecular imaging of the EGFR and that this biomarker is effective for the longitudinal assessment of OSCC response to As2O3 treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Arsenic Trioxide
- Arsenicals/pharmacology
- Arsenicals/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Body Weight/drug effects
- Carbocyanines
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Epidermal Growth Factor/administration & dosage
- Epidermal Growth Factor/chemistry
- ErbB Receptors/analysis
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Injections, Intravenous
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Mouth Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Mouth Neoplasms/genetics
- Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental
- Oxides/pharmacology
- Oxides/therapeutic use
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry
- Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo Zhang
- Stomatology Department, Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kezheng Wang
- Radiology Department and Molecular Imaging Center, 4th Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Falin Zhao
- School of Health Management, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiping Hu
- Stomatology Department, Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Division of Cardiology and C-TRAIN, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Gregory M. Lanza
- Division of Cardiology and C-TRAIN, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Baozhong Shen
- Radiology Department and Molecular Imaging Center, 4th Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- * E-mail: (BS); (BZ)
| | - Bin Zhang
- Stomatology Department, Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- * E-mail: (BS); (BZ)
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Goldman SJ, Chen E, Taylor R, Zhang S, Petrosky W, Reiss M, Jin S. Use of the ODD-luciferase transgene for the non-invasive imaging of spontaneous tumors in mice. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18269. [PMID: 21479246 PMCID: PMC3066234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In humans, imaging of tumors provides rapid, accurate assessment of tumor growth and location. In laboratory animals, however, the imaging of spontaneously occurring tumors continues to pose many technical and logistical problems. Recently a mouse model was generated in which a chimeric protein consisting of HIF-1α oxygen-dependent degradation domain (ODD) fused to luciferase was ubiquitously expressed in all tissues. Hypoxic stress leads to the accumulation of ODD-luciferase in the tissues of this mouse model which can be identified by non-invasive bioluminescence measurement. Since solid tumors often contain hypoxic regions, we performed proof-of-principle experiments testing whether this transgenic mouse model may be used as a universal platform for non-invasive imaging analysis of spontaneous solid tumors. Methods and Materials ODD-luciferase transgenic mice were bred with MMTV-neu/beclin1+/− mice. Upon injection of luciferin, bioluminescent background of normal tissues in the transgenic mice and bioluminescent signals from spontaneously mammary carcinomas were measured non-invasively with an IVIS Spectrum imaging station. Tumor volumes were measured manually and the histology of tumor tissues was analyzed. Conclusion Our results show that spontaneous mammary tumors in ODD-luciferase transgenic mice generate substantial bioluminescent signals, which are clearly discernable from background tissue luminescence. Moreover, we demonstrate a strong quantitative correlation between the bioluminescent tumor contour and the volume of palpable tumors. We further demonstrate that shrinkage of the volume of spontaneous tumors in response to chemotherapeutic treatment can be determined quantitatively using this system. Finally, we show that the growth and development of spontaneous tumors can be monitored longitudinally over several weeks. Thus, our results suggest that this model could potentially provide a practical, reliable, and cost-effective non-invasive quantitative method for imaging spontaneous solid tumors in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J. Goldman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ), New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ), New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Robert Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ), New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,China
| | - Whitney Petrosky
- Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ), New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Michael Reiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ), New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Shengkan Jin
- Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ), New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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PET–CT for radiotherapy treatment planning and response monitoring in solid tumors. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2011; 8:233-42. [DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2010.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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