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Winter M, Nait Eldjoudi A, Guette C, Hondermarck H, Bourette RP, Fovez Q, Laine W, Ghesquiere B, Adriaenssens E, Kluza J, Le Bourhis X. Mitochondrial adaptation decreases drug sensitivity of persistent triple negative breast cancer cells surviving combinatory and sequential chemotherapy. Neoplasia 2023; 46:100949. [PMID: 37956532 PMCID: PMC10661600 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive malignancy for which chemotherapy remains the standard treatment. However, between 3 and 5 years after chemotherapy, about half patients will relapse and it is essential to identify vulnerabilities of cancer cells surviving neoadujuvant therapy. In this study, we established persistent TNBC cell models after treating MDA-MB-231 and SUM159-PT TNBC cell lines with epirubicin and cyclophosphamide, and then with paclitaxel, for a total of 18 weeks. The resulting chemo-persistent cell lines were more proliferative, both in vitro and in xenografted mice. Interestingly, MDA-MB-231 persistent cells became less sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs, whereas SUM159-PT persistent cells kept similar sensitivity compared to control cells. The reduced sensitivity to chemotherapy in MDA-MB-231 persistent cells was found to be associated with an increased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and modified levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) intermediates. Integration of data from proteomics and metabolomics demonstrated TCA cycle among the most upregulated pathways in MDA-MB-231 persistent cells. The absence of glucose and pyruvate impeded OXPHOS in persistent cells, while the absence of glutamine did not. In contrast, OXPHOS was not modified in control cells independently of TCA substrates, indicating that MDA-MB-231 persistent cells evolved towards a more pyruvate dependent profile. Finally, the inhibition of pyruvate entry into mitochondria with UK-5099 reduced OXPHOS and re-sensitized persistent cells to therapeutic agents. Together, these findings suggest that targeting mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism may help to overcome mitochondrial adaptation of chemo-persistent TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Winter
- UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Amina Nait Eldjoudi
- UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Catherine Guette
- ICO, Inserm, CNRS, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW2305, Australia
| | - Roland P Bourette
- UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Quentin Fovez
- UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - William Laine
- UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bart Ghesquiere
- Metabolomics Expertise Center, Center for Cancer Biology, CCB-VIB, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium; Metabolomics Expertise Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Eric Adriaenssens
- UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jérôme Kluza
- UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Xuefen Le Bourhis
- UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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2
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Pu Y, Li L, Peng H, Liu L, Heymann D, Robert C, Vallette F, Shen S. Drug-tolerant persister cells in cancer: the cutting edges and future directions. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:799-813. [PMID: 37749382 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00815-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cell populations were originally discovered in antibiotic-resistant bacterial biofilms. Similar populations with comparable features have since been identified among cancer cells and have been linked with treatment resistance that lacks an underlying genomic alteration. Research over the past decade has improved our understanding of the biological roles of DTP cells in cancer, although clinical knowledge of the role of these cells in treatment resistance remains limited. Nonetheless, targeting this population is anticipated to provide new treatment opportunities. In this Perspective, we aim to provide a clear definition of the DTP phenotype, discuss the underlying characteristics of these cells, their biomarkers and vulnerabilities, and encourage further research on DTP cells that might improve our understanding and enable the development of more effective anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Li
- Lung Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoning Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lunxu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Nantes Université, CNRS, UMR6286, US2B, Nantes, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Caroline Robert
- INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - François Vallette
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, France.
- Nantes Université, INSERM, U1307, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.
| | - Shensi Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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3
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Maharati A, Moghbeli M. Long non-coding RNAs as the critical regulators of PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, and MAPK signaling pathways during breast tumor progression. J Transl Med 2023; 21:556. [PMID: 37596669 PMCID: PMC10439650 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) as one of the most common causes of human deaths among women, is always considered one of the global health challenges. Despite various advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, a significant percentage of BC patients have a poor prognosis due to the lack of therapeutic response. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in BC progression can improve the therapeutic and diagnostic strategies in these patients. Cytokine and growth factor-dependent signaling pathways play a key role during BC progression. In addition to cytokines and growth factors, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have also important roles in regulation of such signaling pathways. Therefore, in the present review we discussed the role of lncRNAs in regulation of PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and TGF-β signaling pathways in breast tumor cells. It has been shown that lncRNAs mainly have an oncogenic role through the promotion of these signaling pathways in BC. This review can be an effective step in introducing the lncRNAs inhibition as a probable therapeutic strategy to reduce tumor growth by suppression of PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and TGF-β signaling pathways in BC patients. In addition, considering the oncogenic role and increased levels of lncRNAs expressions in majority of the breast tumors, lncRNAs can be also considered as the reliable diagnostic markers in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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4
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He L, Liu J, Zhao HL, Zhang LC, Yu RL, Kang CM. De novo design of dual-target JAK2, SMO inhibitors based on deep reinforcement learning, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 638:23-27. [PMID: 36436338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancer are particularly aggressive and the effectiveness of current therapies for them is limited. TNBC lacks effective therapies and HER2-positive cancer is often resistant to HER2-targeted drugs after an initial response. The recent studies have demonstrated that the combination of JAK2 inhibitors and SMO inhibitors can effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of TNBC and HER2-positive drug resistant breast cancer cells. In this study, deep reinforcement learning was used to learn the characteristics of existing small molecule inhibitors of JAK2 and SMO, and to generate a novel library of small molecule compounds that may be able to inhibit both JAK2 and SMO. Subsequently, the molecule library was screened by molecular docking and a total of 7 compounds were selected out as dual inhibitors of JAK2 and SMO. Molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energies showed that the top three compounds stably bound to both JAK2 and SMO proteins. The binding free energies and hydrogen bond occupancy of key amino acids indicate that A8976 and A10625 has good properties and could be a potential dual-target inhibitor of JAK2 and SMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei He
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Jin Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Hui-Lin Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Li-Chuan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Ri-Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Cong-Min Kang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
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5
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Lu Q, Chen W, Ji Y, Liu Y, Xue X. Ursolic Acid Enhances Cytotoxicity of Doxorubicin-Resistant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via ZEB1-AS1/miR-186-5p/ ABCC1 Axis. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2022; 37:673-683. [PMID: 33493421 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.4147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most serious subtype of breast cancer (BC) and has been a great health threat to females. Although chemotherapeutic agent contributes a lot to TNBC treatment, drug resistance has been a great obstacle for chemotherapies. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, was reported to reverse paclitaxel resistance in BC. However, whether UA could affect the resistance of TNBC cells to other drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) remains to be discovered. Materials and Methods: MTT assay, EdU assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry analysis were implemented to detect the viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of DOX-resistant MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-436 cells with or without UA treatment. Mechanism assays including RIP, RNA pull-down, and luciferase reporter assays verified the interaction between RNAs. Results: UA treatment hindered the growth and mitigated the DOX resistance of DOX-resistant MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-436 cells. Mechanistically, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1) expression was downregulated by UA treatment. MiR-186-5p was verified to target ABCC1. Further, UA-inhibited ZEB1-AS1 (zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 antisense RNA 1) was verified as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to upregulate ABCC1 through sponging miR-186-5p. Importantly, UA treatment impaired the malignant phenotypes of DOX-resistant MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-436 cells through ZEB1-AS1/ABCC1 axis. Conclusion: UA promotes TNBC cell sensitivity to DOX through inactivating ZEB1-AS1/miR-186-5p/ABCC1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weili Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajie Ji
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Xue
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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6
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MicroRNA-4732-3p Is Dysregulated in Breast Cancer Patients with Cardiotoxicity, and Its Therapeutic Delivery Protects the Heart from Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101955. [PMID: 36290678 PMCID: PMC9599023 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is the most severe collateral effect of chemotherapy originated by an excess of oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes that leads to cardiac dysfunction. We assessed clinical data from patients with breast cancer receiving anthracyclines and searched for discriminating microRNAs between patients that developed cardiotoxicity (cases) and those that did not (controls), using RNA sequencing and regression analysis. Serum levels of 25 microRNAs were differentially expressed in cases versus controls within the first year after anthracycline treatment, as assessed by three different regression models (elastic net, Robinson and Smyth exact negative binomial test and random forest). MiR-4732-3p was the only microRNA identified in all regression models and was downregulated in patients that experienced cardiotoxicity. MiR-4732-3p was also present in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts and was modulated by anthracycline treatment. A miR-4732-3p mimic was cardioprotective in cardiac and fibroblast cultures, following doxorubicin challenge, in terms of cell viability and ROS levels. Notably, administration of the miR-4732-3p mimic in doxorubicin-treated rats preserved cardiac function, normalized weight loss, induced angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis, interstitial fibrosis and cardiac myofibroblasts. At the molecular level, miR-4732-3p regulated genes of TGFβ and Hippo signaling pathways. Overall, the results indicate that miR-4732-3p is a novel biomarker of cardiotoxicity that has therapeutic potential against anthracycline-induced heart damage.
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7
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Yang Z, Xiao T, Li Z, Zhang J, Chen S. Novel Chemicals Derived from Tadalafil Exhibit PRMT5 Inhibition and Promising Activities against Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094806. [PMID: 35563196 PMCID: PMC9103191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer seriously endangers women’s health worldwide. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is highly expressed in breast cancer and represents a potential druggable target for breast cancer treatment. However, because the currently available clinical PRMT5 inhibitors are relatively limited, there is an urgent need to develop new PRMT5 inhibitors. Our team previously found that the FDA-approved drug tadalafil can act as a PRMT5 inhibitor and enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer patients to doxorubicin treatment. To further improve the binding specificity of tadalafil to PRMT5, we chemically modified tadalafil, and designed three compounds, A, B, and C, based on the PRMT5 protein structure. These three compounds could bind to PRMT5 through different binding modes and inhibit histone arginine methylation. They arrested the proliferation and triggered the apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro and also promoted the antitumor effects of the chemotherapy drugs cisplatin, doxorubicin, and olaparib in combination regimens. Among them, compound A possessed the highest potency. Finally, the anti-breast cancer effects of PRMT5 inhibitor A and its ability to enhance chemosensitivity were further verified in a xenograft mouse model. These results indicate that the new PRMT5 inhibitors A, B, and C may be potential candidates for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (T.X.)
| | - Tian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (T.X.)
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (T.X.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Suning Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (S.C.)
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8
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Wang Q, Zhong W, Deng L, Lin Q, Lin Y, Liu H, Xu L, Lu L, Chen Y, Huang J, Jiang M, Xiao H, Zhang J, Li H, Lin Y, Song C, Lin Y. The Expression and Prognostic Value of SUMO1-Activating Enzyme Subunit 1 and Its Potential Mechanism in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:729211. [PMID: 34621746 PMCID: PMC8490707 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.729211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most invasive and metastatic subtype of breast cancer. SUMO1-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1), an E1-activating enzyme, is indispensable for protein SUMOylation. SAE1 has been found to be a relevant biomarker for progression and prognosis in several tumor types. However, the role of SAE1 in TNBC remains to be elucidated. Methods: In the research, the mRNA expression of SAE1 was analyzed via the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Cistrome DB Toolkit was used to predict which transcription factors (TFs) are most likely to increase SAE1 expression in TNBC. The correlation between the expression of SAE1 and the methylation of SAE1 or quantity of tumor-infiltrating immune cells was further invested. Single-cell analysis, using CancerSEA, was performed to query which functional states are associated with SAE1 in different cancers in breast cancer at the single-cell level. Next, weighted gene coexpression network (WGCNA) was applied to reveal the highly correlated genes and coexpression networks of SAE1 in TNBC patients, and a prognostic model containing SAE1 and correlated genes was constructed. Finally, we also examined SAE1 protein expression of 207 TNBC tissues using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Results: The mRNA and protein expression of SAE1 were increased in TNBC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and the protein expression of SAE1 was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Correlation analyses revealed that SAE1 expression was positively correlated with forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) TFs and negatively correlated with SAE1 methylation site (cg14042711) level. WGCNA indicated that the genes coexpressed with SAE1 belonged to the green module containing 1,176 genes. Through pathway enrichment analysis of the module, 1,176 genes were found enriched in cell cycle and DNA repair. Single-cell analysis indicated that SAE1 and its coexpression genes were associated with cell cycle, DNA damage, DNA repair, and cell proliferation. Using the LASSO COX regression, a prognostic model including SAE1 and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) was built to accurately predict the likelihood of DFS in TNBC patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, we comprehensively analyzed the mRNA and protein expression, prognosis, and interaction genes of SAE1 in TNBC and constructed a prognostic model including SAE1 and PLK1. These results might be important for better understanding of the role of SAE1 in TNBC. In addition, DNA methyltransferase and TFs inhibitor treatments targeting SAE1 might improve the survival of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshui Wang
- Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatic Drug Research, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenting Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qili Lin
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youyu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Luyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lingfang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yajuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianping Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meichen Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - He Li
- Department of General Surgery, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chuangui Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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9
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Khalili-Tanha G, Moghbeli M. Long non-coding RNAs as the critical regulators of doxorubicin resistance in tumor cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:39. [PMID: 34425750 PMCID: PMC8381522 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance against conventional chemotherapeutic agents is one of the main reasons for tumor relapse and poor clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Various mechanisms are associated with drug resistance, including drug efflux, cell cycle, DNA repair and apoptosis. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used first-line anti-cancer drug that functions as a DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor. However, DOX resistance has emerged as a large hurdle in efficient tumor therapy. Furthermore, despite its wide clinical application, DOX is a double-edged sword: it can damage normal tissues and affect the quality of patients’ lives during and after treatment. It is essential to clarify the molecular basis of DOX resistance to support the development of novel therapeutic modalities with fewer and/or lower-impact side effects in cancer patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have critical roles in the drug resistance of various tumors. In this review, we summarize the state of knowledge on all the lncRNAs associated with DOX resistance. The majority are involved in promoting DOX resistance. This review paves the way to introducing an lncRNA panel marker for the prediction of the DOX response and clinical outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Khalili-Tanha
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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10
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Emens LA, Adams S, Cimino-Mathews A, Disis ML, Gatti-Mays ME, Ho AY, Kalinsky K, McArthur HL, Mittendorf EA, Nanda R, Page DB, Rugo HS, Rubin KM, Soliman H, Spears PA, Tolaney SM, Litton JK. Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002597. [PMID: 34389617 PMCID: PMC8365813 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has historically been a disease for which immunotherapy was largely unavailable. Recently, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has demonstrated efficacy, including longer progression-free survival and increased overall survival in subsets of patients. Based on clinical benefit in randomized trials, ICIs in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of some patients with advanced/metastatic TNBC have been approved by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA), expanding options for patients. Ongoing questions remain, however, about the optimal chemotherapy backbone for immunotherapy, appropriate biomarker-based selection of patients for treatment, the optimal strategy for immunotherapy treatment in earlier stage disease, and potential use in histological subtypes other than TNBC. To provide guidance to the oncology community on these and other important concerns, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) convened a multidisciplinary panel of experts to develop a clinical practice guideline (CPG). The expert panel drew upon the published literature as well as their clinical experience to develop recommendations for healthcare professionals on these important aspects of immunotherapeutic treatment for breast cancer, including diagnostic testing, treatment planning, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and patient quality of life (QOL) considerations. The evidence-based and consensus-based recommendations in this CPG are intended to give guidance to cancer care providers treating patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leisha A Emens
- Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sylvia Adams
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ashley Cimino-Mathews
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary L Disis
- Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Margaret E Gatti-Mays
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Alice Y Ho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin Kalinsky
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth A Mittendorf
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rita Nanda
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David B Page
- Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hope S Rugo
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Krista M Rubin
- Center for Melanoma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hatem Soliman
- Department of Breast Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Patricia A Spears
- University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sara M Tolaney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer K Litton
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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11
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From Proteomic Mapping to Invasion-Metastasis-Cascade Systemic Biomarkering and Targeted Drugging of Mutant BRAF-Dependent Human Cutaneous Melanomagenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092024. [PMID: 33922182 PMCID: PMC8122743 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the recent advances in human malignancy therapy, metastasis and chemoresistance remain the principal causes of cancer-derived deaths. Given the fatal forms of cutaneous metastatic melanoma, we herein employed primary (WM115) and metastatic (WM266-4) melanoma cells, both obtained from the same patient, to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic agents. Through state-of-the-art technologies including deep proteome landscaping, immunofluorescence phenotyping, and drug toxicity screening, we were able to describe new molecular programs, oncogenic drivers, and drug regimens, controlling the invasion-metastasis cascade during BRAFV600D-dependent melanomagenesis. It proved that proteomic navigation could foster the development of systemic biomarkering and targeted drugging for successful treatment of advanced disease. Abstract Melanoma is classified among the most notoriously aggressive human cancers. Despite the recent progress, due to its propensity for metastasis and resistance to therapy, novel biomarkers and oncogenic molecular drivers need to be promptly identified for metastatic melanoma. Hence, by employing nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry deep proteomics technology, advanced bioinformatics algorithms, immunofluorescence, western blotting, wound healing protocols, molecular modeling programs, and MTT assays, we comparatively examined the respective proteomic contents of WM115 primary (n = 3955 proteins) and WM266-4 metastatic (n = 6681 proteins) melanoma cells. It proved that WM115 and WM266-4 cells have engaged hybrid epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition states, with TGF-β controlling their motility in vitro. They are characterized by different signatures of SOX-dependent neural crest-like stemness and distinct architectures of the cytoskeleton network. Multiple signaling pathways have already been activated from the primary melanoma stage, whereas HIF1α, the major hypoxia-inducible factor, can be exclusively observed in metastatic melanoma cells. Invasion-metastasis cascade-specific sub-routines of activated Caspase-3-triggered apoptosis and LC3B-II-dependent constitutive autophagy were also unveiled. Importantly, WM115 and WM266-4 cells exhibited diverse drug response profiles, with epirubicin holding considerable promise as a beneficial drug for metastatic melanoma clinical management. It is the proteome navigation that enables systemic biomarkering and targeted drugging to open new therapeutic windows for advanced disease.
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Exploring chemotherapy holiday and drugs re-challenge in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 87:95-101. [PMID: 33159215 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04190-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to explore the role of drugs re-challenge at the disease progression after a chemotherapy-free interval for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the outcome of re-treatments at the progression in two cohorts of advanced PDAC patients who had disease control (DC) and a treatment holiday ≥ 3 months after upfront chemotherapy. RESULTS Between 2015 and 2019, 66 advanced PDAC patients (cohort A) had DC with nab-paclitaxel-based chemotherapy (i.e. AG or PAXG = cisplatin, nab-paclitaxel, gemcitabine, capecitabine). At the time of progressive disease (PD), 34 patients were re-treated with AG (A1) and 32 were treated with other regimens (A2). The median (m) duration of chemotherapy holiday was 6.1 and 5.9 months in A1 and A2, respectively. Partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD) were found in 14 (41%) and 12 (35%) of patients in A1 and in 8 (25%) and 6 (19%) patients in A2. CA19-9 response was recorded in 23/33 evaluable patients (70%) in A1 and in 5/20 (25%) in A2. mPFS2 and mOS2, defined as the time between the second line of treatment start and the disease progression or death, were 4.8 and 12.2 months in A1 and 3.9 and 8.4 months in A2, respectively. Similarly, between 2006 and 2013, 64 patients (cohort B) had DC with upfront PEFG/PEXG/PDXG regimens (epirubicin or docetaxel, cisplatin, gemcitabine, capecitabine or 5-fluorouracil) and were re-treated at PD with either 4-drug (B1; N = 30) or other regimens (B2; N = 34), yielding a mOS2 of 10.9 and 7.2 months, respectively. CONCLUSION Our data endorse the strategy of resuming prior drugs after a chemotherapy holiday ≥ 3 months in advanced PDAC patients who achieved a durable disease control after upfront treatments.
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13
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Predictors of new-onset heart failure and overall survival in metastatic breast cancer patients treated with liposomal doxorubicin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18481. [PMID: 33116159 PMCID: PMC7595106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of morbidity/mortality among breast cancer (BC) patients. Observation of the daily practice in eight experienced Polish oncology centers was conducted to find all possible predictors of new cases of heart failure (HF) and overall survival (OS) of metastatic BC patients treated with liposomal doxorubicin, taking into account the impact of pre-existing CVDs. HF was the cause of premature discontinuation of liposomal doxorubicin therapy in 13 (3.2%) of 402 patients. The probability of developing HF was higher in women with pre-existing CVDs (HR 4.61; 95%CI 1.38–15.38). Independent of CVDs history, a lower risk of HF was observed in those treated with a cumulative dose of liposomal doxorubicin > 300 mg/m2 (HR 0.14; 95% CI 0.04–0.54) and taxane-naive (HR 0.26; 95% CI 0.07–0.96). Multivariate analysis including the presence of pre-existing CVDs and occurrence of new HF, revealed a liposomal doxorubicin in cumulative doses of > 300 mg/m2 as a beneficial predictor for OS (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.47–0.78) independently of subsequent chemotherapy (HR 0.72; 95% CI 0.57–0.92) or endocrine therapy (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.49–0.87). Higher doses of liposomal doxorubicin can decrease mortality in metastatic BC without increasing the risk of HF. The clinical benefit is achieved regardless of pre-existing CVDs and subsequent anticancer therapy.
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14
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Doheny D, Sirkisoon S, Carpenter RL, Aguayo NR, Regua AT, Anguelov M, Manore SG, Arrigo A, Jalboush SA, Wong GL, Yu Y, Wagner CJ, Chan M, Ruiz J, Thomas A, Strowd R, Lin J, Lo HW. Combined inhibition of JAK2-STAT3 and SMO-GLI1/tGLI1 pathways suppresses breast cancer stem cells, tumor growth, and metastasis. Oncogene 2020; 39:6589-6605. [PMID: 32929154 PMCID: PMC7572897 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01454-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancer are particularly aggressive and associated with unfavorable prognosis. TNBC lacks effective treatments. HER2-positive tumors have treatment options but often acquire resistance to HER2-targeted therapy after initial response. To address these challenges, we determined whether novel combinations of JAK2-STAT3 and SMO-GLI1/tGLI1 inhibitors synergistically target TNBC and HER2 breast cancer since these two pathways are concurrently activated in both tumor types and enriched in metastatic tumors. Herein, we show that novel combinations of JAK2 inhibitors (ruxolitinib and pacritinib) with SMO inhibitors (vismodegib and sonidegib) synergistically inhibited in vitro growth of TNBC and HER2-positive trastuzumab-resistant BT474-TtzmR cells. Synergy was also observed against breast cancer stem cells. To determine if the combination is efficacious in inhibiting metastasis, we treated mice with intracardially inoculated TNBC cells and found the combination to inhibit lung and liver metastases, and prolong host survival without toxicity. The combination inhibited orthotopic growth, VEGF-A expression, and tumor vasculature of both TNBC and HER2-positive trastuzumab-refractory breast cancer. Lung metastasis of orthotopic BT474-TtzmR xenografts was suppressed by the combination. Together, our results indicated that dual targeting of JAK2 and SMO resulted in synergistic suppression of breast cancer growth and metastasis, thereby supporting future clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Doheny
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sherona Sirkisoon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Richard L Carpenter
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, JH 308 1001 E. 3rd St., Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Noah Reeve Aguayo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Angelina T Regua
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marlyn Anguelov
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sara G Manore
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Austin Arrigo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sara Abu Jalboush
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Grace L Wong
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Calvin J Wagner
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael Chan
- Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jimmy Ruiz
- Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra Thomas
- Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Roy Strowd
- Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hui-Wen Lo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
- Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Hanovich E, Asmis T, Ong M, Stewart D. Rechallenge Strategy in Cancer Therapy. Oncology 2020; 98:669-679. [DOI: 10.1159/000507816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zhang Z, Li Z, Deng M, Liu B, Xin X, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Lv Q. Downregulation of GPSM2 is associated with primary resistance to paclitaxel in breast cancer. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:965-974. [PMID: 32020211 PMCID: PMC7041173 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is one of the most effective chemotherapy drugs for breast cancer worldwide but 20–30% patients show primary resistance to the drug. Screening and identification of markers that facilitate effective and rapid prediction of sensitivity to paclitaxel is therefore an urgent medical requirement. In the present study, G protein signaling modulator 2 (GPSM2) mRNA levels were significantly associated with taxane sensitivity in experiments based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) online database. Immunohistochemical analysis consistently revealed a significant association of GPSM2 protein levels with paclitaxel sensitivity in breast cancer patients. Knockdown of GPSM2 reduced the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel via regulation of the cell cycle. Animal experiments further corroborated our in vitro findings. These results suggest that GPSM2 plays an important role in breast cancer resistance, supporting its utility as a potential target for improving drug susceptibility in patients as well as a marker of paclitaxel sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China‑Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Bofang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Xing Xin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenkun Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- The First Laboratory of the Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Qingjie Lv
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Niveditha D, Sharma H, Majumder S, Mukherjee S, Chowdhury R, Chowdhury S. Transcriptomic analysis associated with reversal of cisplatin sensitivity in drug resistant osteosarcoma cells after a drug holiday. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1045. [PMID: 31690262 PMCID: PMC6833242 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6300-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance to chemotherapy is one of the major hurdles in current cancer therapy. With the increasing occurrence of drug resistance, a paradigm shift in treatment strategy is required. Recently “medication vacation” has emerged as a unique, yet uncomplicated strategy in which withdrawal of drug pressure for certain duration allowed tumor cells to regain sensitivity to the drug. However, little is known about the molecular alterations associated with such an outcome. Methods In this study, human osteosarcoma (OS) cells resistant to the extensively used drug cisplatin, were withdrawn from drug pressure, and thereafter cytotoxic response of the cells to the drug was evaluated. We further performed next-generation RNA sequencing and compared transcriptome between parental (OS), resistant (OS-R) and the drug withdrawn (OS-DW) cells. Differentially expressed transcripts were identified, and biological association network (BAN), gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis of the differentially regulated transcripts were performed to identify key events associated with withdrawal of drug pressure. Results Following drug withdrawal, the sensitivity of the cells to the drug was found to be regained. Analysis of the expression profile showed that key genes like, IRAK3, IL6ST, RELA, AKT1, FKBP1A and ADIPOQ went significantly down in OS-DW cells when compared to OS-R. Also, genes involved in Wnt signaling, PI3K-Akt, Notch signaling, and ABC transporters were drastically down-regulated in OS-DW cells compared to OS-R. Although, a very small subset of genes maintained similar expression pattern between OS, OS-R and OS-DW, nonetheless majority of the transcriptomic pattern of OS-DW was distinctively different and unique in comparison to either the drug sensitive OS or drug resistant OS-R cells. Conclusion Our data suggests that though drug withdrawal causes reversal of sensitivity, the transcriptomic pattern does not necessarily show significant match with resistant or parental control cells. We strongly believe that exploration of the molecular basis of drug holiday might facilitate additional potential alternative treatment options for aggressive and resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Niveditha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harshita Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Syamantak Majumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudeshna Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajdeep Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Shibasish Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India.
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Schilling J, Busch S, Heinrich G, Heinig K, Martin Kurbacher C, Klare P, Pöllinger B. Treatment patterns, health care resource use and outcomes in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer in Germany: retrospective chart review study (OBTAIN). Curr Med Res Opin 2019; 35:1405-1414. [PMID: 30880482 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2019.1595551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background: There is limited data on the real-life situation and outcomes of patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) in Germany. The aim of this chart review was to describe the current treatment patterns, resource use and outcomes in this patient group. Methods: Retrospective data collection in 30 gyneco-oncological sites (hospitals and office-based) across Germany between January and April 2017. Index date was defined as initiation of treatment with gemcitabine, vinorelbin, capecitabine or eribulin therapy following discontinuation of taxane and/or anthracycline therapy. Results: In the 91 evaluable patients, median time between primary diagnosis and index date was 20.9 months (range 0-187 months). Ten percent of patients had no distant metastases, while 57% had newly diagnosed metastases. Cancer stage at index date was mostly IV (82 patients). A number of 135 different regimens (monotherapy or combination therapy) were used. For first-line chemo treatment, 29 patients received monotherapy and 54 patients combination therapy. Bevacizumab and paclitaxel were also the most frequently used single substances among all therapy lines together and for first-line therapy. While taxanes were at least occasionally administered for second-line therapy, no patient received taxanes for third-line therapy. Chemotherapy modifications in terms of dose reduction or treatment interruption were rare. However, the therapy was terminated in more than two thirds of all cases. Fifty-nine patients were hospitalized at least once. For first-, second- and third-line therapy, median overall survival was 19.1/10.8/14.6 months, and median progression-free survival was 7.7/2.5/5.6 months. Conclusion: In clinical routine, a wide variety of treatment approaches is applied, while outcomes in terms of survival are poor. New treatment options are needed for this challenging tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Karin Heinig
- d MVZ Poliklinik Spremberg GmbH , Spremberg , Germany
| | | | - Peter Klare
- f Praxisklinik Krebsheilkunde für Frauen/Brustzentrum , Berlin , Germany
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Li Z, Qian J, Li J, Zhu C. Knockdown of lncRNA-HOTAIR downregulates the drug-resistance of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:435-442. [PMID: 31281438 PMCID: PMC6580102 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is a critical feature of breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) serve key roles in tumor drug resistance. LncRNA-HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) has been reported to be overexpressed in certain types of cancer and may be closely associated with tumor resistance. The current study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA-HOTAIR in the regulation of breast cancer resistance to doxorubicin (DOX). A breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and DOX-resistant breast cancer cell line (DOXR-MCF-7) were utilized in the current study. DOXR-MCF-7 cells were transfected with lncRNA-HOTAIR small interfering RNA (siRNA) and control siRNA. Subsequently, MTT and colony formation assays were performed to assess cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was also evaluated via flow cytometry. In addition, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect the expression of caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2, Bcl-2-associated X protein, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR. The data indicated that lncRNA-HOTAIR silencing decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in MCF-7 and DOXR MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, lncRNA-HOTAIR silencing significantly decreased the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and mTOR, indicating that the knockdown of lncRNA-HOTAIR effectively attenuates the resistance of breast cancer cells to DOX by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In summary, the present study indicated that the knockdown of lncRNA-HOTAIR weakened the resistance of breast cancer cells to DOX via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, suggesting that lncRNA-HOTAIR may be a novel intervention target to reverse DOX-resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Li
- Department of Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
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Unveiling novel targets of paclitaxel resistance by single molecule long-read RNA sequencing in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6032. [PMID: 30988345 PMCID: PMC6465246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42184-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA sequencing has become one of the most common technology to study transcriptomes in cancer, whereas its length limits its application on alternative splicing (AS) events and novel isoforms. Firstly, we applied single molecule long-read RNA sequencing (Iso-seq) and de novo assembly with short-read RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in both wild type (231-WT) and paclitaxel resistant type (231-PTX) of human breast cancer cell MDA-MBA-231. The two sequencing technology provide both the accurate transcript sequences and the deep transcript coverage. Then we combined shor-read and long-read RNA-seq to analyze alternative events and novel isoforms. Last but not the least, we selected BAK1 as our candidate target to verify our analysis. Our results implied that improved characterization of cancer genomic function may require the application of the single molecule long-read RNA sequencing to get the deeper and more precise view to transcriptional level. Our results imply that improved characterization of cancer genomic function may require the application of the single molecule long-read RNA sequencing to get the deeper and more precise view to transcriptional level.
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McDermott MSJ, Conlon N, Browne BC, Szabo A, Synnott NC, O'Brien NA, Duffy MJ, Crown J, O'Donovan N. HER2-Targeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Cause Therapy-Induced-Senescence in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020197. [PMID: 30743996 PMCID: PMC6406301 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer cells with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) leads to the emergence of acquired resistance. However, the effects of continuous TKI exposure on cell fate, and the steps leading to the acquisition of a resistant phenotype are poorly understood. To explore this, we exposed five HER2 positive cells lines to HER2 targeted therapies for periods of up to 4 weeks and examined senescence associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity together with additional markers of senescence. We found that lapatinib treatment resulted in phenotypic alterations consistent with a senescent phenotype and strong SA-β-gal activity in HER2-positive cell lines. Lapatinib-induced senescence was associated with elevated levels of p15 and p27 but was not dependent on the expression of p16 or p21. Restoring wild type p53 activity either by transfection or by treatment with APR-246, a molecule which reactivates mutant p53, blocked lapatinib-induced senescence and caused increased cell death. In contrast to lapatinib, SA-β-gal activity was not induced by exposing the cells to trastuzumab as a single agent but co-administration of lapatinib and trastuzumab induced senescence, as did treatment of the cells with the irreversible HER2 TKIs neratinib and afatinib. Neratinib- and afatinib-induced senescence was not reversed by removing the drug whereas lapatinib-induced senescence was reversible. In summary, therapy-induced senescence represents a novel mechanism of action of HER2 targeting agents and may be a potential pathway for the emergence of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina S J McDermott
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Molecular Therapeutics for Cancer Ireland, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, 9 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Neil Conlon
- Molecular Therapeutics for Cancer Ireland, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, 9 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Brigid C Browne
- Molecular Therapeutics for Cancer Ireland, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, 9 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Adam Szabo
- Molecular Therapeutics for Cancer Ireland, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, 9 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Naoise C Synnott
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Neil A O'Brien
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Michael J Duffy
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland.
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, St. Vincent's University Hospital, 4 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - John Crown
- Molecular Therapeutics for Cancer Ireland, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, 9 Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, 4 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Norma O'Donovan
- Molecular Therapeutics for Cancer Ireland, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, 9 Dublin, Ireland.
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Çağlayan Ç, Terawaki H, Ayer T, Goldstein JS, Rai A, Chen Q, Flowers C. Assessing the Effectiveness of Treatment Sequences for Older Patients With High-risk Follicular Lymphoma With a Multistate Model. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2019; 19:300-309.e5. [PMID: 30686772 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease progression within < 2 years of initial chemoimmunotherapy and patient age > 60 years have been associated with poor overall survival (OS) in follicular lymphoma (FL). No standard treatment exists for these high-risk patients, and the effectiveness of sequential therapies remains unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied the course of FL with first-, second-, and third-line treatment. Using large population-based data, we identified 5234 patients with FL diagnosed in 2000 to 2009. Of these patients, 71% had received second-line therapy < 2 years, and 29% had received no therapy after first-line therapy, with a median OS of < 3 years. Treatment included rituximab, R-CVP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine), R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine), R-Other (other rituximab-containing), and other regimens. The Aalen-Johansen estimator and Cox proportional hazards models were used to quantify the outcomes and assess the effects of the clinical and sociodemographic factors. RESULTS R-CHOP demonstrated the most favorable 5-year OS among first- (71%), second- (55%), and third-line (61%) therapies. First-line R-CHOP improved OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-0.64) and reduced the mortality risks after first-line (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.47-0.77), second-line (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.29-0.53), and third-line (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.53-0.76) treatments. B-symptoms, being married, and histologic grade 1/2 were associated with the use of earlier second-line therapy. Early progression from second- to third-line therapy was associated with poor OS. The repeated use of R-CHOP or R-CVP as first- and second-line treatment yielded high 2-year mortality rates (R-CHOP + R-CHOP, 17.3%; R-CVP + R-CVP, 21.1%). CONCLUSION Our multistate approach assessed the effect of sequential therapy on the immediate and subsequent treatment-line outcomes. We found that R-CHOP in any line improved OS for patients with high-risk FL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağlar Çağlayan
- H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.
| | | | - Turgay Ayer
- H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Ashish Rai
- American Cancer Society, Inc, Atlanta, GA
| | - Qiushi Chen
- Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Ortega V, Antón A, Garau I, Afonso N, Calvo L, Fernández Y, Martínez-García M, Blanco E, Zamora P, García M, Illarramendi JJ, Rodríguez Sánchez CA, Sampayo M, Aguirre E, Pérez-García JM, Cortés J, Llombart-Cussac A. Phase II, Multicenter, Single-arm Trial of Eribulin as First-line Therapy for Patients With Aggressive Taxane-pretreated HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: The MERIBEL Study. Clin Breast Cancer 2018; 19:105-112. [PMID: 30679100 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eribulin has efficacy in patients with progression after ≥ 1 chemotherapeutic regimen for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). A short disease-free interval (DFI) and previous use of taxanes in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting have been associated with worse outcomes for patients receiving first-line chemotherapy for HER2-negative MBC. The aim of the present trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of eribulin as first-line therapy for patients with HER2-negative MBC with these poor prognostic factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eribulin monotherapy was administered until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The principal selection criteria were HER2 negativity without previous chemotherapy for MBC, the previous use of taxanes for early-stage breast cancer, and a DFI of < 36 months (subsequently amended to 48 months). The primary endpoint was the investigator-assessed time to progression. The secondary endpoints included overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, clinical benefit rate, duration of response, and toxicity profile. A total of 53 patients were enrolled and received ≥ 1 dose of eribulin. RESULTS The median patient age was 47 years (range, 23-82.8 years). The median DFI was 15.7 months (range, 0.1-46.4 months). The median investigator-assessed time to progression was 4.1 months (range, 0.2-27.8 months; 95% confidence interval, 3.2-6.2 months). The objective response and clinical benefit rate was 20.8% and 26.4%, respectively. All-grade and grade 3/4 adverse events developed in 96.2% and 69.8% of patients, respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events were neutropenia, leukopenia, alopecia, nausea, and anemia. CONCLUSION Eribulin is effective and safe as first-line therapy for aggressive taxane-pretreated HER2-negative MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Ortega
- Hospital General de Granollers, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Lourdes Calvo
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Mirta García
- Hospital Insular de Las Palmas, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | - Miguel Sampayo
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MedSIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Aguirre
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MedSIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Pérez-García
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MedSIR), Barcelona, Spain; IOB Institute of Oncology, Quironsalud Group, Madrid and Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Cortés
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MedSIR), Barcelona, Spain; IOB Institute of Oncology, Quironsalud Group, Madrid and Barcelona, Spain; Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Llombart-Cussac
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MedSIR), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, Spain.
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Garcia-Chagollan M, Carranza-Torres IE, Carranza-Rosales P, Guzmán-Delgado NE, Ramírez-Montoya H, Martínez-Silva MG, Mariscal-Ramirez I, Barrón-Gallardo CA, Pereira-Suárez AL, Aguilar-Lemarroy A, Jave-Suárez LF. Expression of NK Cell Surface Receptors in Breast Cancer Tissue as Predictors of Resistance to Antineoplastic Treatment. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818764499. [PMID: 29558872 PMCID: PMC5882046 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818764499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently, one of the most used strategies for the treatment of newly diagnosed
patients with breast cancer is neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on the application of
taxanes and anthracyclines. However, despite the high number of patients who develop a
complete pathological clinical response, resistance and relapse following this therapy
continue to be a clinical challenge. As a component of the innate immune system, the
cytotoxic function of Natural Killer (NK) cells plays an important role in the
elimination of tumor cells. However, the role of NK cells in resistance to systemic
therapy in breast cancer remains unclear. The present project aims to evaluate the gene
expression profile of human NK cells in breast cancer tissue resistant to treatment with
taxanes–anthracyclines. Methods: Biopsies from tumor tissues were obtained from patients with breast cancer without
prior treatment. Histopathological analysis and ex vivo exposure to
antineoplastic chemotherapeutics were carried out. Alamar blue and lactate dehydrogenase
release assays were performed for quantitative analysis of tumor viability. Gene
expression profiles from tumor tissues without prior exposure to therapeutic drugs were
analyzed by gene expression microarrays and verified by polymerase chain reaction. Results: A significant decrease in gene expression of cell-surface receptors related to NK cells
was observed in tumor samples resistant to antineoplastic treatment compared with those
that were sensitive to treatment. Conclusion: A decrease in NK cell infiltration into tumor tissue might be a predictive marker for
failure of chemotherapeutic treatment in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariel Garcia-Chagollan
- 1 Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Irma Edith Carranza-Torres
- 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Pilar Carranza-Rosales
- 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Nancy Elena Guzmán-Delgado
- 3 División de Investigación, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad # 34, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Humberto Ramírez-Montoya
- 4 Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - María Guadalupe Martínez-Silva
- 5 Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Ignacio Mariscal-Ramirez
- 4 Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Carlos Alfredo Barrón-Gallardo
- 6 Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez
- 7 Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy
- 8 División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suárez
- 8 División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Blancas I, Aguirre E, Morales S, Gonzálvez ML, Servitja S, Díaz N, Del Barco S, Barnadas A, Margelí M, García Carbonero I, Llombart A. Real-world data on the efficacy and safety of weekly oral vinorelbine in breast cancer patients previously treated with anthracycline or taxane-based regimens. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 21:459-466. [PMID: 30293232 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral weekly vinorelbine 60 mg/m2 for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in patients previously treated with anthracyclines or taxanes in routine clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five patients were enrolled in a prospective multicentre study conducted in Spain. Women ≥ 18 years of age with locally advanced breast cancer who were not candidates for surgical treatment with a radical intention or patients with stage IV disease, and who had received a prior taxane or anthracycline regimen were eligible for participation. RESULTS Median age was 67 years. Median progression-free survival was 3.7 months (95% CI 2.5-4.9), median overall survival 10 months (95% CI 6.6-13.5), and overall response rate and clinical benefit rate were 29.1% and 49.1%, respectively. Main grade 3 and 4 toxicities were neutropenia 9.1%, febrile neutropenia 3.6% and constipation 3.6%. In total, 86% of the patients received complete treatment without delays or dose reduction. Moreover, HER2-positive patients who received oral vinorelbine concomitantly with trastuzumab showed better response (complete response: HER2-positive 14.3% vs. HER2-negative 0%; partial response: HER2-positive 42.9% vs. HER2-negative 25.6%; p = 0.008), better disease control rate (HER2-positive 100% vs. HER2-negative 46.2%; p = 0.011), and better values for the remaining analysed variables than HER2-negative patients. CONCLUSION Our study provides real-world data on the use of oral weekly vinorelbine, which proves an effective and well-tolerated regimen for MBC patients previously treated with taxanes or anthracyclines. Patients with HER2-positive disease could also benefit from this treatment in combination with trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Blancas
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital San Cecilio, Av. De la Investigación s/n, 18016, Granada, Spain.
| | - E Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | - S Morales
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | - M L Gonzálvez
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - S Servitja
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Díaz
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - S Del Barco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Girona, Spain
| | - A Barnadas
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Margelí
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Badalona, Spain
| | - I García Carbonero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Virgen de La Salud Hospital, Toledo, Spain
| | - A Llombart
- Department of Medical Oncology, Arnau de Vilanova Hospital, Valencia, Spain
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Pharmacology and in vivo efficacy of pyridine-pyrimidine amides that inhibit microtubule polymerization. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:934-941. [PMID: 29433928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents are important tools in cancer treatment. Generating novel microtubule targeting agents with novel pharmacology could dramatically expand the utility of this class of drugs. Here we characterize the pharmacology of recently described small molecule microtubule polymerization inhibitors. Pharmacokinetic experiments show oral bioavailability through gastric absorption. In vitro assays designed to predict absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) and safety reveal a scaffold that is metabolically stable, evades P-glycoprotein, does not inhibit CYP enzymes, occurs as a significant free fraction in serum, and has exceptionally high cellular permeability. Together with in vivo efficacy models, pharmacology supports further development as a treatment for solid tumors.
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27
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Pandolfi L, Bellini M, Vanna R, Morasso C, Zago A, Carcano S, Avvakumova S, Bertolini JA, Rizzuto MA, Colombo M, Prosperi D. H-Ferritin Enriches the Curcumin Uptake and Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3318-3330. [PMID: 28886247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive, invasive, and metastatic tumor. Although it is reported to be sensitive to cytotoxic chemotherapeutics, frequent relapse and chemoresistance often result in treatment failure. In this study, we developed a biomimetic nanodrug consisting of a self-assembling variant (HFn) of human apoferritin loaded with curcumin. HFn nanocage improved the solubility, chemical stability, and bioavailability of curcumin, allowing us to reliably carry out several experiments in the attempt to establish the potential of this molecule as a therapeutic agent and elucidate the mechanism of action in TNBC. HFn biopolymer was designed to bind selectively to the TfR1 receptor overexpressed in TNBC cells. HFn-curcumin (CFn) proved to be more effective in viability assays compared to the drug alone using MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, representative of basal and claudin-low TNBC subtypes, respectively. Cellular uptake of CFn was demonstrated by flow cytometry and label-free confocal Raman imaging. CFn could act as a chemosensitizer enhancing the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin by interfering with the activity of multidrug resistance transporters. In addition, CFn exhibited different cell cycle effects on these two TNBC cell lines, blocking MDA-MB-231 in G0/G1 phase, whereas MDA-MB-468 accumulated in G2/M phase. CFn was able to inhibit the Akt phosphorylation, suggesting that the effect on the proliferation and cell cycle involved the alteration of PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pandolfi
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca , 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Michela Bellini
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca , 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Renzo Vanna
- LABION, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS , Piazzale Morandi 6, 20121 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Morasso
- LABION, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS , Piazzale Morandi 6, 20121 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Zago
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca , 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Sofia Carcano
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca , 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Svetlana Avvakumova
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca , 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Jessica Armida Bertolini
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca , 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Rizzuto
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca , 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Miriam Colombo
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca , 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Prosperi
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca , 20126 Milano, Italy
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Masoud V, Pagès G. Targeted therapies in breast cancer: New challenges to fight against resistance. World J Clin Oncol 2017; 8:120-134. [PMID: 28439493 PMCID: PMC5385433 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v8.i2.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer found in women and today represents a significant challenge to public health. With the latest breakthroughs in molecular biology and immunotherapy, very specific targeted therapies have been tailored to the specific pathophysiology of different types of breast cancers. These recent developments have contributed to a more efficient and specific treatment protocol in breast cancer patients. However, the main challenge to be further investigated still remains the emergence of therapeutic resistance mechanisms, which develop soon after the onset of therapy and need urgent attention and further elucidation. What are the recent emerging molecular resistance mechanisms in breast cancer targeted therapy and what are the best strategies to apply in order to circumvent this important obstacle? The main scope of this review is to provide a thorough update of recent developments in the field and discuss future prospects for preventing resistance mechanisms in the quest to increase overall survival of patients suffering from the disease.
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Okuma HS, Yonemori K. BRCA Gene Mutations and Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1026:271-286. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6020-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Goldman A, Kulkarni A, Kohandel M, Pandey P, Rao P, Natarajan SK, Sabbisetti V, Sengupta S. Rationally Designed 2-in-1 Nanoparticles Can Overcome Adaptive Resistance in Cancer. ACS NANO 2016; 10:5823-5834. [PMID: 27257911 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of resistance is the major cause of mortality in cancer. Combination chemotherapy is used clinically to reduce the probability of evolution of resistance. A similar trend toward the use of combinations of drugs is also emerging in the application of cancer nanomedicine. However, should a combination of two drugs be delivered from a single nanoparticle or should they be delivered in two different nanoparticles for maximal efficacy? We explored these questions in the context of adaptive resistance, which emerges as a phenotypic response of cancer cells to chemotherapy. We studied the phenotypic dynamics of breast cancer cells under cytotoxic chemotherapeutic stress and analyzed the data using a phenomenological mathematical model. We demonstrate that cancer cells can develop adaptive resistance by entering into a predetermined transitional trajectory that leads to phenocopies of inherently chemoresistant cancer cells. Disrupting this deterministic program requires a unique combination of inhibitors and cytotoxic agents. Using two such combinations, we demonstrate that a 2-in-1 nanomedicine can induce greater antitumor efficacy by ensuring that the origins of adaptive resistance are terminated by deterministic spatially constrained delivery of both drugs to the target cells. In contrast, a combination of free-form drugs or two nanoparticles, each carrying a single payload, is less effective, arising from a stochastic distribution to cells. These findings suggest that 2-in-1 nanomedicines could emerge as an important strategy for targeting adaptive resistance, resulting in increased antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Goldman
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Harvard Digestive Diseases Center , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ashish Kulkarni
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mohammad Kohandel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Prithvi Pandey
- India Innovation Research Center, Invictus Oncology, New Delhi 92, India
| | - Poornima Rao
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Siva Kumar Natarajan
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Venkata Sabbisetti
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Shiladitya Sengupta
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Palumbo R, Sottotetti F, Bernardo A. Targeted chemotherapy with nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) in metastatic breast cancer: which benefit for which patients? Ther Adv Med Oncol 2016; 8:209-29. [PMID: 27239239 DOI: 10.1177/1758834016639873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic goals in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remain palliative in nature, aimed at controlling symptoms, improving or maintaining quality of life and prolonging survival. The advent of new drugs and new formulations of standard agents has led to better outcomes in patients with advanced or metastatic disease. These developments have also allowed a tailored therapeutic approach, in which the molecular biology of the tumour, the treatment history, and patient attitudes are taken into account in the decision-making process. Targeting drug delivery to the tumour is a promising mean of increasing the therapeutic index of highly active agents such as the taxanes, and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel), the first nanotechnology-based drug developed in cancer treatment, is one such advance. Data from randomized trials support the efficacy of single-agent nab-paclitaxel as first-line and further treatment lines in MBC at the registered 3-weekly schedule of 260 mg/m(2), but emerging evidence suggests its activity as a weekly regimen or combined with other agents in various clinical scenarios. Thus, nab-paclitaxel seems to offer flexibility in terms of dosing schedules, allowing physicians to tailor the dose according to different clinical situations. This paper reviews the clinical trial background for nab-paclitaxel in MBC, focusing on specific 'difficult-to-treat' patient populations, such as taxane-pretreated or elderly women, as well as those with triple-negative, HER2-positive and poor-prognostic-factors disease. Moving beyond evidence-based information, 'real life' available experiences are also discussed with the aim of providing an update for daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Palumbo
- Departmental Unit of Oncology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Sottotetti
- Departmental Unit of Oncology, IRCCS-Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Bernardo
- Departmental Unit of Oncology, IRCCS-Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
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Palumbo R, Sottotetti F, Trifirò G, Piazza E, Ferzi A, Gambaro A, Spinapolice EG, Pozzi E, Tagliaferri B, Teragni C, Bernardo A. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) as second-line chemotherapy in HER2-negative, taxane-pretreated metastatic breast cancer patients: prospective evaluation of activity, safety, and quality of life. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:2189-99. [PMID: 25931813 PMCID: PMC4404936 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s79563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A prospective, multicenter trial was undertaken to assess the activity, safety, and quality of life of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) as second-line chemotherapy in HER2-negative, taxane-pretreated metastatic breast cancer (MBC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-two women with HER2-negative MBC who were candidates for second-line chemotherapy for the metastatic disease were enrolled and treated at three centers in Northern Italy. All patients had previously received taxane-based chemotherapy in the adjuvant or first-line metastatic setting. Single-agent nab-paclitaxel was given at the dose of 260 mg/m(2) as a 30-minute intravenous infusion on day 1 each treatment cycle, which lasted 3 weeks, in the outpatient setting. No steroid or antihistamine premedication was provided. Treatment was stopped for documented disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or patient refusal. RESULTS All of the enrolled patients were evaluable for the study endpoints. The objective response rate was 48% (95% CI, 31.5%-61.3%) and included complete responses from 13.5%. Disease stabilization was obtained in 19 patients and lasted >6 months in 15 of them; the overall clinical benefit rate was 77%. The median time to response was 70 days (range 52-86 days). The median progression-free survival time was 8.9 months (95% CI, 8.0-11.6 months, range 5-21+ months). The median overall survival point has not yet been reached. Toxicities were expected and manageable with good patient compliance and preserved quality of life in patients given long-term treatment. CONCLUSION Our results showed that single-agent nab-paclitaxel 260 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks is an effective and well tolerated regimen as second-line chemotherapy in HER2-negative, taxane-pretreated MBC patients, and that it produced interesting values of objective response rate and progression-free survival without the concern of significant toxicity. Specifically, the present study shows that such a regimen is a valid therapeutic option for that 'difficult to treat' patient population represented by women who at the time of disease relapse have already received the most active agents in the adjuvant and/or metastatic setting (ie, conventional taxanes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Palumbo
- Departmental Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Sottotetti
- Departmental Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Trifirò
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Piazza
- Medical Oncology Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Anna Gambaro
- Medical Oncology Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Emma Pozzi
- Departmental Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Tagliaferri
- Departmental Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Teragni
- Departmental Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Bernardo
- Departmental Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
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Zona S, Bella L, Burton MJ, Nestal de Moraes G, Lam EWF. FOXM1: an emerging master regulator of DNA damage response and genotoxic agent resistance. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1839:1316-22. [PMID: 25287128 PMCID: PMC4316173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
FOXM1 is a transcription factor required for a wide spectrum of essential biological functions, including DNA damage repair, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell renewal, cell differentiation and tissue homeostasis. Recent evidence suggests that FOXM1 also has a role in many aspects of the DNA damage response. Accordingly, FOXM1 drives the transcription of genes for DNA damage sensors, mediators, signal transducers and effectors. As a result of these functions, it plays an integral part in maintaining the integrity of the genome and so is key to the propagation of accurate genetic information to the next generation. Preserving the genetic code is a vital means of suppressing cancer and other genetic diseases. Conversely, FOXM1 is also a potent oncogenic factor that is essential for cancer initiation, progression and drug resistance. An enhanced FOXM1 DNA damage repair gene expression network can confer resistance to genotoxic agents. Developing a thorough understanding of the regulation and function of FOXM1 in DNA damage response will improve the diagnosis and treatment of diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative conditions and immunodeficiency disorders. It will also benefit cancer patients with acquired genotoxic agent resistance. FOXM1 is a potent oncogenic factor essential for cancer initiation, progression and drug resistance. FOXM1 also drives the transcription of genes for DNA damage sensors, mediators, signal transducers and effectors. It plays an integral part in maintaining the integrity of the genome. An enhanced FOXM1 DNA damage repair gene expression network can confer resistance to genotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Zona
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Laura Bella
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Matthew J Burton
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Gabriela Nestal de Moraes
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
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Ciruelos E, Jackisch C. Evaluating the role of nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane) in women with aggressive metastatic breast cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 14:511-21. [PMID: 24575935 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2014.883922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane(®)) is an albumin-bound form of paclitaxel that utilizes the natural properties of albumin to improve paclitaxel delivery to the tumor. It is licensed for use in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) at a dose of 260 mg/m(2) Q3W based on its superior therapeutic index versus conventional paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) Q3W demonstrated in a Phase III study. In a post-hoc analysis, nab-paclitaxel treatment was associated with rapid and dramatic tumor responses in patients with poor prognostic factors (visceral dominant disease, ≥3 metastatic lesions), suggesting it may be a preferred treatment for these patients. Moreover, significant efficacy has been seen with nab-paclitaxel 100 and 150 mg/m(2) QW 3/4, suggesting it may be possible to tailor use of this agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ciruelos
- Medical Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Unit, Hospital Universitario, Madrid, Spain
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Ramaswami R, O'Cathail SM, Brindley JH, Silcocks P, Mahmoud S, Palmieri C. Activity of eribulin mesylate in heavily pretreated breast cancer granted access via the Cancer Drugs Fund. Future Oncol 2013; 10:363-76. [PMID: 24367990 DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Eribulin mesylate is a synthetic analog of halichondrin B and is licensed for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer that has progressed following treatment with anthracyclines and taxanes. It was not deemed to be cost effective based on a cost analysis by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in England and therefore it is not funded routinely by the National Health Service. The establishment of the Cancer Drugs Fund in England subsequently enabled access. As with any new chemotherapy drug that enters clinical practice for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) it is often used in heavily pretreated patients and the experience in a routine clinical setting can differ from that in a clinical study. We therefore present the experience of the first 25 cases treated at our institution via the Cancer Drugs Fund. MATERIALS & METHODS A total of 25 patients were treated and in the 22 assessable cases the objective response rate was 18% (four out of 22), with a clinical benefit rate of 41.0% (9 out of 22). RESULTS The median time-to-progression and overall survival were 4.08 months and 5.89 months, respectively. There was a significant difference in clinical benefit rate (odds ratio: 0.065; 95% CI: 0-0.529; p = 0.0055), as well as time-to-progression (hazard ratio: 9.18; 95% CI: 2.26-37.38; p = 0.002 adjusted for age at diagnosis and interval between initial MBC diagnosis and commencing eribulin) favoring those patients who had not been rechallenged. There was no significant difference in overall survival (hazard ratio: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.44-3.05; p = 0.770 adjusted for age at diagnosis and interval between initial diagnosis of MBC and commencing eribulin). CONCLUSION Eribulin mesylate shows clinical activity; however, there appears to be differences in terms of benefit in patients based on whether patients have been rechallenged with an anthracycline and/or a taxane. These data require confirmation in larger patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Ramaswami
- Department of Medical Oncology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
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Palmieri C, Misra V, Januszewski A, Yosef H, Ashford R, Keary I, Davidson N. Multicenter experience of nonpegylated liposomal doxorubicin use in the management of metastatic breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2013; 14:85-93. [PMID: 24325950 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the use of nonpegylated liposomal doxorubicin (NPLD) in the management of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) within routine UK clinical practice and to assess its efficacy and tolerability. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients that received NPLD for MBC at 5 institutions were identified. Clinicopathologic details, echocardiographic data, and toxicities were documented. Response to treatment, outcome, cardiotoxicity, and safety were assessed. RESULTS 63 patients (median age at NPLD therapy, 53.5 years) who had received NPLD were identified; 18 (29%) were anthracycline-naïve, and 42 (67%) were anthracycline-pretreated (median cumulative dose of epirubicin, 450 mg/m(2)). In 3 cases, prior treatment history was not available. NPLD was most frequently (16 [25%] of 63 patients) administered as first-line chemotherapy (median, third-line; range, 1-9), although it was given later in anthracycline-pretreated patients (median, fourth-line; range, 1-9). Overall, 14 (29%) of 49 evaluable patients achieved an objective response, which increased to 10 (71%) of 14 when NPLD was given first-line (anthracycline-naïve, 8 [100%] of 8; anthracycline-pretreated, 2 [50%] of 4; adjuvant treatment unknown, 2). Median progression-free survival was 7 months (first-line, 18 months, vs. ≥ second-line, 6 months; P = .0066), and median overall survival was 10 months (first-line, 18 months, vs. ≥ second-line, 10 months; P = .0971). Toxicities tended to be grade 1 or 2. Three patients had cardiotoxicity (left ventricular ejection fraction < 50% or a fall of ≥ 10% from baseline), which resolved during treatment. CONCLUSION NPLD was used in both anthracycline-naïve patients and those with prior exposure. There is evidence of clinical activity in those with prior exposure to anthracyclines, with a low incidence of cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Palmieri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Liverpool and Merseyside Academic Unit, Cancer Services, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Medical Oncology, Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral, United Kingdom.
| | - Vivek Misra
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Januszewski
- Department of Medical Oncology, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hosney Yosef
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Ashford
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Keary
- Strategen Limited, Basingstoke, United Kingdom
| | - Neville Davidson
- Helen Rollason Cancer Charity, Chelmsford, Essex, United Kingdom
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Kuczynski EA, Sargent DJ, Grothey A, Kerbel RS. Drug rechallenge and treatment beyond progression--implications for drug resistance. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2013; 10:571-87. [PMID: 23999218 PMCID: PMC4540602 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2013.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The established dogma in oncology for managing recurrent or refractory disease dictates that therapy is changed at disease progression, because the cancer is assumed to have become drug-resistant. Drug resistance, whether pre-existing or acquired, is largely thought to be a stable and heritable process; thus, reuse of therapeutic agents that have failed is generally contraindicated. Over the past few decades, clinical evidence has suggested a role for unstable, non-heritable mechanisms of acquired drug resistance pertaining to chemotherapy and targeted agents. There are many examples of circumstances where patients respond to reintroduction of the same therapy (drug rechallenge) after a drug holiday following disease relapse or progression during therapy. Additional, albeit limited, evidence suggests that, in certain circumstances, continuing a therapy beyond disease progression can also have antitumour activity. In this Review, we describe the anticancer agents used in these treatment strategies and discuss the potential mechanisms explaining the apparent tumour re-sensitization with reintroduced or continued therapy. The extensive number of malignancies and drugs that challenge the custom of permanently switching to different drugs at each line of therapy warrants a more in-depth examination of the definitions of disease progression and drug resistance and the resulting implications for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Kuczynski
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
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Monteiro LJ, Khongkow P, Kongsema M, Morris JR, Man C, Weekes D, Koo CY, Gomes AR, Pinto PH, Varghese V, Kenny LM, Coombes RC, Freire R, Medema RH, Lam EWF. The Forkhead Box M1 protein regulates BRIP1 expression and DNA damage repair in epirubicin treatment. Oncogene 2013; 32:4634-45. [PMID: 23108394 PMCID: PMC3874579 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
FOXM1 is implicated in genotoxic drug resistance but its role and mechanism of action remain unclear. Here, we establish that γH2AX foci, indicative of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), accumulate in a time-dependent manner in the drug-sensitive MCF-7 cells but not in the resistant counterparts in response to epirubicin. We find that FOXM1 expression is associated with epirubicin sensitivity and DSB repair. Ectopic expression of FOXM1 can increase cell viability and abrogate DSBs sustained by MCF-7 cells following epirubicin, owing to an enhancement in repair efficiency. Conversely, alkaline comet and γH2AX foci formation assays show that Foxm1-null cells are hypersensitive to DNA damage, epirubicin and γ-irradiation. Furthermore, we find that FOXM1 is required for DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR) but not non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), using HeLa cell lines harbouring an integrated direct repeat green fluorescent protein reporter for DSB repair. We also identify BRIP1 as a direct transcription target of FOXM1 by promoter analysis and chromatin-immunoprecipitation assay. In agreement, depletion of FOXM1 expression by small interfering RNA downregulates BRIP1 expression at the protein and mRNA levels in MCF-7 and the epirubicin-resistant MCF-7 Epi(R) cells. Remarkably, the requirement for FOXM1 for DSB repair can be circumvented by reintroduction of BRIP1, suggesting that BRIP1 is an important target of FOXM1 in DSB repair. Indeed, like FOXM1, BRIP1 is needed for HR. These data suggest that FOXM1 regulates BRIP1 expression to modulate epirubicin-induced DNA damage repair and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara J. Monteiro
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Pasarat Khongkow
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mesayamas Kongsema
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Joanna R. Morris
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Cornelia Man
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel Weekes
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Chuay-Yeng Koo
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ana R. Gomes
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Paola H. Pinto
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Vidhya Varghese
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Laura M. Kenny
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - R. Charles Coombes
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Raimundo Freire
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Ofra s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - René H. Medema
- Division of Cell Biology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Eric W.-F. Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
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André F, Zielinski CC. Optimal strategies for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer with currently approved agents. Ann Oncol 2013; 23 Suppl 6:vi46-51. [PMID: 23012302 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive histological subtype with limited treatment options and very poor prognosis following progression after standard chemotherapeutic regimens. Resistance to current standard therapies such as anthracyclines or taxanes limits the available options for previously treated patients with metastatic TNBC to a small number of non-cross-resistant regimens, and there is currently no preferred standard chemotherapy. Duration of response is usually short, with rapid relapse very common and median survival of just 13 months. The newly approved agent eribulin has shown a survival benefit in patients who had previously been treated with anthracycline- or taxane-containing regimens, including in patients with TNBC. Platinum-based regimens are an emerging option for patients with BRCA1 mutation, and newer targeted agents such as anti-angiogenic treatment with bevacizumab or anti-epidermal growth factor receptor treatment with cetuximab, have shown some benefit in combination therapy. However, there remains an urgent unmet need for improved targeted agents for this patient population. Improved treatment may be facilitated by biomarker-led understanding of subgroup molecular targets, which may predict benefit from currently approved agents, as well as newer targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F André
- Department of Medical Oncology and INSERM U981, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
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The PARAMOUNT study and the re-challenge chemotherapy issue in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49:2269-70. [PMID: 23535271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Optimizing taxane use in MBC in the emerging era of targeted chemotherapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 85:315-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Fitzgerald DP, Emerson DL, Qian Y, Anwar T, Liewehr DJ, Steinberg SM, Silberman S, Palmieri D, Steeg PS. TPI-287, a new taxane family member, reduces the brain metastatic colonization of breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 11:1959-67. [PMID: 22622283 PMCID: PMC7489285 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain metastases of breast and other cancers remain resistant to chemotherapeutic regimens that are effective systemically, in part due to the blood-brain barrier. We report that TPI-287, a new microtubule-stabilizing agent, displays in vitro cytotoxic activity similar to taxanes and epothilones. Unlike the taxanes, TPI-287 is permeable through the blood-brain barrier. Brain-to-plasma ratios of TPI-287 after a single injection typically exceeded one and were as high as 63.8 in the rat and 14.1 in the mouse. A brain-tropic derivative of the MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cell line, 231-BR, was used to test whether TPI-287 may be efficacious at preventing or treating brain metastases. TPI-287 had growth inhibitory effects comparable with paclitaxel when 231-BR tumor cells were injected into the mammary fat pad. Brain metastatic colonization was determined by intracardiac injection of 231-BR cells, with treatment beginning on day 3 to 4 postinjection, culminating in a histologic count of brain metastases in brains necropsied days 25 to 28 postinjection. In this assay, paclitaxel, ixabepilone, and nab paclitaxel did not have significant inhibitory activity. TPI-287 was ineffective in the same assay using a 6 mg/kg every week schedule; however an 18 mg/kg dose delivered on days 3, 7, and 11 significantly reduced the outgrowth of brain metastases (55% reduction, P = 0.028) and reduced proliferation in brain metastases (16% reduction, P = 0.008). When TPI-287 treatment was delayed until days 18, 22, and 26 postinjection, efficacy was reduced (17% reduction, not significant). These data suggest that TPI-287 may have efficacy when administered early in the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Fitzgerald
- Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Yongzhen Qian
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Science Applications International Corporation, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Talha Anwar
- Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David J. Liewehr
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Seth M. Steinberg
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Diane Palmieri
- Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Patricia S. Steeg
- Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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Toulmonde M, Madranges N, Brouste V, Donamaria C, MacGrogan G, Durand M, Bonnefoi H, Mauriac L, Debled M. Docetaxel rechallenge after a first response in non-resistant metastatic breast cancer: significant activity with manageable toxicity. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 134:325-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-2060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Taxane resistance in breast cancer: mechanisms, predictive biomarkers and circumvention strategies. Cancer Treat Rev 2012; 38:890-903. [PMID: 22465195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxanes are established in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and early breast cancer (EBC) as potent chemotherapy agents. However, their therapeutic usefulness is limited by de-novo refractoriness or acquired resistance, which are common drawbacks to most anti-cancer cytotoxics. Considering that the taxanes will remain principle chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer, we reviewed known mechanisms of resistance in with an outlook of optimizing their clinical use. METHODS We searched the PubMed and MEDLINE databases for articles (from inception through to 9th January 2012; last search 10/01/2012) and journals known to publish information relevant to taxane chemotherapy. We imposed no language restrictions. Search terms included: cancer, breast cancer, response, resistance, taxane, paclitaxel, docetaxel, taxol. Due to the possibility of alternative mechanisms of resistance all combination chemotherapy treated data sets were removed from our overview. RESULTS Over-expression of the MDR-1 gene product Pgp was extensively studied in vitro in association with taxane resistance, but data are conflicting. Similarly, the target components microtubules, which are thought to mediate refractoriness through alterations of the expression pattern of tubulins or microtubule associated proteins and the expression of alternative tubulin isoforms, failed to confirm such associations. Little consensus has been generated for reported associations between taxane-sensitivity and mutated p53, or taxane-resistance and overexpression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL or NFkB. In contrary sufficient in vitro data support an association of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) defects with resistance. Clinical data have been limited and inconsistent, which relate to the variety of methods used, lack of standardization of cut-offs for quantitation, differences in clinical endpoints measured and in methods of tissue collection preparation and storage, and study/patient heterogeneity. The most prominent finding is that pharmaceutical down-regulation of HER-2 appears to reverse the taxane resistance. CONCLUSIONS Currently no valid practical biomarkers exist that can predict resistance to the taxanes in breast cancer supporting the principle of individualized cancer therapy. The incorporation of several biomarker analyses into prospectively designed studies in this setting are needed.
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Wong CCL, Zhang H, Gilkes DM, Chen J, Wei H, Chaturvedi P, Hubbi ME, Semenza GL. Inhibitors of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 block breast cancer metastatic niche formation and lung metastasis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2012; 90:803-15. [PMID: 22231744 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-011-0855-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 11/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Intratumoral hypoxia, a frequent finding in metastatic cancer, results in the activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). HIFs are implicated in many steps of breast cancer metastasis, including metastatic niche formation through increased expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and lysyl oxidase-like (LOXL) proteins, enzymes that remodel collagen at the metastatic site and recruit bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) to the metastatic niche. We investigated the effect of two chemically and mechanistically distinct HIF inhibitors, digoxin and acriflavine, on breast cancer metastatic niche formation. Both drugs blocked the hypoxia-induced expression of LOX and LOXL proteins, collagen cross-linking, CD11b⁺ BMDC recruitment, and lung metastasis in an orthotopic breast cancer model. Patients with HIF-1 α-overexpressing breast cancers are at increased risk of metastasis and mortality and our results suggest that such patients may benefit from aggressive therapy that includes a HIF inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Chak-Lui Wong
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Koo CY, Muir KW, Lam EWF. FOXM1: From cancer initiation to progression and treatment. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2011; 1819:28-37. [PMID: 21978825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) transcription factor is a regulator of myriad biological processes, including cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, tissue homeostasis, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Elevated FOXM1 expression is found in cancers of the liver, prostate, brain, breast, lung, colon, pancreas, skin, cervix, ovary, mouth, blood and nervous system, suggesting it has an integral role in tumorigenesis. Recent research findings also place FOXM1 at the centre of cancer progression and drug sensitivity. In this review the involvement of FOXM1 in various aspects of cancer, in particular its role and regulation within the context of cancer initiation, progression, and cancer drug response, will be summarised and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuay-Yeng Koo
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
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HIF-1-dependent expression of angiopoietin-like 4 and L1CAM mediates vascular metastasis of hypoxic breast cancer cells to the lungs. Oncogene 2011; 31:1757-70. [PMID: 21860410 PMCID: PMC3223555 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Most cases of breast cancer mortality are due to vascular metastasis. Breast cancer cells must intravasate through endothelial cells (ECs) to enter a blood vessel in the primary tumor and then adhere to ECs and extravasate at the metastatic site. In this study we demonstrate that inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor activity (HIF) in breast cancer cells by RNA interference or digoxin treatment inhibits primary tumor growth and also inhibits the metastasis of breast cancer cells to the lungs by blocking the expression of angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) and L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM). ANGPTL4 is a secreted factor that inhibits EC-EC interaction, whereas L1CAM increases the adherence of breast cancer cells to ECs. Interference with HIF, ANGPTL4, or L1CAM expression inhibits vascular metastasis of breast cancer cells to the lungs.
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Millour J, de Olano N, Horimoto Y, Monteiro LJ, Langer JK, Aligue R, Hajji N, Lam EWF. ATM and p53 regulate FOXM1 expression via E2F in breast cancer epirubicin treatment and resistance. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:1046-58. [PMID: 21518729 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this report, we investigated the role and regulation of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) in breast cancer and epirubicin resistance. We generated epirubicin-resistant MCF-7 breast carcinoma (MCF-7-EPI(R)) cells and found FOXM1 protein levels to be higher in MCF-7-EPI(R) than in MCF-7 cells and that FOXM1 expression is downregulated by epirubicin in MCF-7 but not in MCF-7-EPI(R) cells. We also established that there is a loss of p53 function in MCF-7-EPI(R) cells and that epirubicin represses FOXM1 expression at transcription and gene promoter levels through activation of p53 and repression of E2F activity in MCF-7 cells. Using p53(-/-) mouse embryo fibroblasts, we showed that p53 is important for epirubicin sensitivity. Moreover, transient promoter transfection assays showed that epirubicin and its cellular effectors p53 and E2F1 modulate FOXM1 transcription through an E2F-binding site located within the proximal promoter region. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis also revealed that epirubicin treatment increases pRB (retinoblastoma protein) and decreases E2F1 recruitment to the FOXM1 promoter region containing the E2F site. We also found ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein and mRNA to be overexpressed in the resistant MCF-7-EPI(R) cells compared with MCF-7 cells and that epirubicin could activate ATM to promote E2F activity and FOXM1 expression. Furthermore, inhibition of ATM in U2OS cells with caffeine or depletion of ATM in MCF-7-EPI(R) with short interfering RNAs can resensitize these resistant cells to epirubicin, resulting in downregulation of E2F1 and FOXM1 expression and cell death. In summary, our data show that ATM and p53 coordinately regulate FOXM1 via E2F to modulate epirubicin response and resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Millour
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery andCancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
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Krell J, James CR, Shah D, Gojis O, Lim A, Riddle P, Ahmad R, Makris A, Cowdray A, Chow A, Babayev T, Madden P, Leonard R, Cleator S, Palmieri C. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer relapsing post-adjuvant trastuzumab: pattern of recurrence, treatment and outcome. Clin Breast Cancer 2011; 11:153-60. [PMID: 21665135 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2011.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to evaluate the response to and benefit of first-line metastatic treatment (including re-exposure to trastuzumab) for patients relapsing after exposure to adjuvant trastuzumab (AT). PATIENTS AND METHODS All HER2-positive breast cancer cases relapsing after exposure to AT at our institutions were identified. Clinico-pathologic details, pattern of relapse, and treatment in the metastatic setting were documented. Response to treatment and outcome were assessed. RESULTS Twenty-nine relapses were recorded. The median time to relapse was 18.4 months from diagnosis, and 8.7 months from AT initiation. At a median time of observation of 9.9 months, 18 patients had progressed on first-line therapy. The median time-to-progression (TTP) was 8.6 months. Fifteen patients received trastuzumab as first-line treatment, with no statistical difference in TTP between this group and those not re-exposed to trastuzumab. TTP was not statistically different between those relapsing on or after AT. Overall survival was longer for those who relapsed after completion of 1 year of AT as well as those who received further trastuzumab at relapse; however, this did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION Overall survival was longer in patients who relapse after completion of AT and who received further trastuzumab at progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Krell
- Department of Medical Oncology, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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