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Fathi M, Taher HJ, Al-Rubiae SJ, Yaghoobpoor S, Bahrami A, Eshraghi R, Sadri H, Asadi Anar M, Gholamrezanezhad A. Role of molecular imaging in prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers: An update on new therapeutic methods. World J Methodol 2024; 14:93461. [DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v14.i4.93461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the leading causes of cancer-related death is gastrointestinal cancer, which has a significant morbidity and mortality rate. Although preoperative risk assessment is essential for directing patient care, its biological behavior cannot be accurately predicted by conventional imaging investigations. Potential pathophysiological information in anatomical imaging that cannot be visually identified can now be converted into high-dimensional quantitative image features thanks to the developing discipline of molecular imaging. In order to enable molecular tissue profile in vivo, molecular imaging has most recently been utilized to phenotype the expression of single receptors and targets of biological therapy. It is expected that molecular imaging will become increasingly important in the near future, driven by the expanding range of biological therapies for cancer. With this live molecular fingerprinting, molecular imaging can be utilized to drive expression-tailored customized therapy. The technical aspects of molecular imaging are first briefly discussed in this review, followed by an examination of the most recent research on the diagnosis, prognosis, and potential future clinical methods of molecular imaging for GI tract malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobina Fathi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | | | | | - Shirin Yaghoobpoor
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Ashkan Bahrami
- Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 1617768911, Iran
| | - Reza Eshraghi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 1617768911, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadri
- Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 1617768911, Iran
| | - Mahsa Asadi Anar
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Ali Gholamrezanezhad
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
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2
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Tocci NX, Wehrle CJ, Sun K, Jiao C, Hong H, Gross A, Allkushi E, Uysal M, Linganna MW, Stackhouse K, Hashimoto K, Schlegel A, Walsh RM, Miller C, Kwon DCH, Aucejo F. Circulating tumor DNA in management of primary liver malignancy: A review of the literature and future directions. J Surg Oncol 2024. [PMID: 39155663 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Primary liver malignancies are a serious and challenging global health concern. The most common primary tumors are hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. These diseases portend poor prognosis when presenting with progressive, extensive disease. There is a critical need for improved diagnosis, therapeutic intervention, and monitoring surveillance in liver-related malignancies. Liquid biopsy using ctDNA provides an opportunity for growth within these domains for liver-related malignancy. However, ctDNA is relatively understudied in this field compared with other solid tumor types, possibly due to the complex nature of the pathology. In this review, we aim to discuss ctDNA, the current literature, and future directions of this technology within primary liver malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah X Tocci
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Chase J Wehrle
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Keyue Sun
- Lerner Research Institute, Inflammation & Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Chunbao Jiao
- Lerner Research Institute, Inflammation & Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hanna Hong
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Abby Gross
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Erlind Allkushi
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Melis Uysal
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Maureen Whitsett Linganna
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Katheryn Stackhouse
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Koji Hashimoto
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrea Schlegel
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Inflammation & Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - R Matthew Walsh
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles Miller
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - David C H Kwon
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Federico Aucejo
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary & Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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3
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Li D, Gao Y, Wang C, Hu L. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling of urinary small extracellular vesicles in hepatocellular carcinoma. Analyst 2024; 149:4378-4387. [PMID: 38995156 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00660g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer and a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are heterogeneous populations of membrane-structured vesicles that can be found in many biological fluids and are currently considered as a potential source of disease-associated biomarkers for diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to define the proteomic and phosphoproteomic landscape of urinary sEVs in patients with HCC. Mass spectrometry-based methods were used to detect the global proteome and phosphoproteome profiles of sEVs isolated by differential ultracentrifugation. Label-free quantitation analysis showed that 348 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 548 differentially expressed phosphoproteins (DEPPs) were identified in the HCC group. Among them, multiple phosphoproteins related to HCC, including HSP90AA1, IQGAP1, MTOR, and PRKCA, were shown to be upregulated in the HCC group. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the upregulated DEPPs participate in the regulation of autophagy, proteoglycans in cancer, and the MAPK/mTOR/Rap1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, kinase-substrate enrichment analysis revealed activation of MTOR, AKT1, MAP2Ks, and MAPKs family kinases in HCC-derived sEVs, indicating that dysregulation of the MAPK and mTOR signaling pathways may be the primary sEV-mediated molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of HCC. This study demonstrated that urinary sEVs are enriched in proteomic and phosphoproteomic signatures that could be further explored for their potential use in early HCC diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejun Li
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yujun Gao
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Lianghai Hu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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4
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Fu Y, Guo X, Sun L, Cui T, Wu C, Wang J, Liu Y, Liu L. Exploring the role of the immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: Implications for immunotherapy and drug resistance. eLife 2024; 13:e95009. [PMID: 39146202 PMCID: PMC11326777 DOI: 10.7554/elife.95009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver tumor, is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and the incidence of liver cancer is still increasing worldwide. Curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation is only indicated for a small population of patients with early-stage HCC. However, most patients with HCC are not candidates for radical resection due to disease progression, leading to the choice of the conventional tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug sorafenib as first-line treatment. In the past few years, immunotherapy, mainly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized the clinical strategy for HCC. Combination therapy with ICIs has proven more effective than sorafenib, and clinical trials have been conducted to apply these therapies to patients. Despite significant progress in immunotherapy, the molecular mechanisms behind it remain unclear, and immune resistance is often challenging to overcome. Several studies have pointed out that the complex intercellular communication network in the immune microenvironment of HCC regulates tumor escape and drug resistance to immune response. This underscores the urgent need to analyze the immune microenvironment of HCC. This review describes the immunosuppressive cell populations in the immune microenvironment of HCC, as well as the related clinical trials, aiming to provide insights for the next generation of precision immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hefei, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Linmao Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hefei, China
| | - Tianming Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hefei, China
| | - Chenghui Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hefei, China
| | - Jiabei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hefei, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hefei, China
| | - Lianxin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hefei, China
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Goetz A, Verloh N, Utpatel K, Fellner C, Rennert J, Einspieler I, Doppler M, Luerken L, Alizadeh LS, Uller W, Stroszczynski C, Haimerl M. Differentiating Well-Differentiated from Poorly-Differentiated HCC: The Potential and the Limitation of Gd-EOB-DTPA in the Presence of Liver Cirrhosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1676. [PMID: 39125552 PMCID: PMC11311873 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14151676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the potential of the hepatospecific contrast agent gadolinium ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) in distinguishing G1- from G2/G3-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our approach involved analyzing the dynamic behavior of the contrast agent in different phases of imaging by signal intensity (SI) and lesion contrast (C), to surrounding liver parenchyma, and comparing it across distinct groups of patients differentiated based on the histopathological grading of their HCC lesions and the presence of liver cirrhosis. Our results highlighted a significant contrast between well- and poorly-differentiated lesions regarding the lesion contrast in the arterial and late arterial phases. Furthermore, the hepatobiliary phase showed limited diagnostic value in cirrhotic liver parenchyma due to altered pharmacokinetics. Ultimately, our findings underscore the potential of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI as a tool for improving preoperative diagnosis and treatment selection for HCC while emphasizing the need for continued research to overcome the diagnostic complexities posed by the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Goetz
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Verloh
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Utpatel
- Department of Pathology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Fellner
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Janine Rennert
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Einspieler
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Doppler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Luerken
- Department of Radiology, Klinikum Würzburg Mitte, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leona S. Alizadeh
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wibke Uller
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Michael Haimerl
- Department of Radiology, Klinikum Würzburg Mitte, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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6
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Fan FM, Fleishman JS, Chen J, Chen ZS, Dong HH. New insights into the mechanism of resistance to lenvatinib and strategies for lenvatinib sensitization in hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104069. [PMID: 38936692 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Lenvatinib is a multikinase inhibitor that suppresses vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα), as well as the proto-oncogenes RET and KIT. Lenvatinib has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the first-line treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to its superior efficacy when compared to sorafenib. Unfortunately, the development of drug resistance to lenvatinib is becoming increasingly common. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify the factors that lead to drug resistance and ways to mitigate it. We summarize the molecular mechanisms that lead to lenvatinib resistance (LR) in HCC, which involve programmed cell death (PCD), translocation processes, and changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and provide strategies to reverse resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Mu Fan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jin Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Han-Hua Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China.
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7
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Landis D, Sutter A, Khemka S, Songtanin B, Nichols J, Nugent K. Metformin as adjuvant treatment in hepatitis C virus infections and associated complications. Am J Med Sci 2024; 368:90-98. [PMID: 38701970 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus is an important global cause of hepatitis and subsequently cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These infections may also cause extrahepatic manifestations, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. These two complications can potentially reduce sustained virologic responses (SVR) in some drug regimens for this infection. Metformin has important biochemical effects that can limit viral replication in cellular cultures and can improve the response to antiviral drug therapy based on ribavirin and interferon. Clinical studies comparing treatment regimens with interferon, ribavirin, metformin with these regimens without metformin have demonstrated that metformin increases viral clearance, establishes higher rates of SVRs, and increases insulin sensitivity. Metformin also reduces the frequency of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients who have had SVRs. Larger treatment trials are needed to determine metformin's short-term and long-term treatment effects in patients with diabetes using newer antiviral drugs. In particular, if metformin reduces the frequency of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, this would significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Landis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Alex Sutter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Sachi Khemka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Busara Songtanin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Jacob Nichols
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Kenneth Nugent
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.
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Sundi PRIO, Thipe VC, Omar MA, Adelusi TI, Gedefa J, Olaoba OT. Preclinical human and murine models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102418. [PMID: 39004339 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent liver cancer, which account for more than 90 % of all liver cancer cases. It is the fifth leading cause of cancer globally and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. The availability of competent HCC preclinical models is fundamental to the success of mechanistic studies, molecular target identification, and drug testing. However, there are challenges associated with the use of these models. In this review, we provided updates on various cell lines, animals, and human HCC models, their specific preclinic use and associated potential challenges. Overall, the understanding of the merits and demerits of a particular HCC model will improve model selection for various preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pharidah Rajan Ibrahim Omar Sundi
- Lusaka Apex Medical University, Off Mumbwa Road, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; Pan African Organization for Health, Education and Research (POHER), United States
| | - Velaphi C Thipe
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology and Cancer Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | | | | | - Jalene Gedefa
- Collage of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | - Olamide T Olaoba
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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9
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Tao CY, Wu XL, Song SS, Tang Z, Zhou YF, Tian MX, Jiang XF, Fang Y, Zhu GQ, Huang R, Qu WF, Gao J, Chu TH, Yang R, Chen JF, Zhao QF, Ding ZB, Dai Z, Zhou J, Liu WR, Shi YH, Fan J. Downregulation of GPX8 in hepatocellular carcinoma: impact on tumor stemness and migration. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:1391-1403. [PMID: 38607517 PMCID: PMC11322209 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE GPX8, which is found in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, is a member of the Glutathione Peroxidases (GPXs) family. Its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the protein levels of GPX8 in HCC tissue microarrays. A short hairpin RNA lentivirus was used to knock down GPX8, and the main signaling pathways were investigated using transcriptome sequencing and a phosphorylated kinase array. The sphere formation assays, cloning-formation assays and cell migration assays were used to evaluate the stemness and migration ability of HCC cells. Identifying the GPX8-interacting proteins was accomplished through immunoprecipitation and protein mass spectrometry. RESULTS The GPX8 protein levels were downregulated in HCC patients. Low expression of GPX8 protein was related to early recurrence and poor prognosis in HCC patients. GPX8 knockdown could enhance the stemness and migration ability of HCC cells. Consistently, Based on transcriptome analysis, multiple signaling pathways that include the PI3K-AKT and signaling pathways that regulate the pluripotency of stem cells, were activated after GPX8 knockdown. The downregulation of GPX8 could increase the expression of the tumor stemness markers KLF4, OCT4, and CD133. The in vivo downregulation of GPX8 could also promote the subcutaneous tumor-forming and migration ability of HCC cells. MK-2206, which is a small-molecule inhibitor of AKT, could reverse the tumor-promoting effects both in vivo and in vitro. We discovered that GPX8 and the 71-kDa heat shock cognate protein (Hsc70) have a direct interaction. The phosphorylation of AKT encouraged the translocation of Hsc70 into the nucleus and the expression of the PI3K p110 subunit, thereby increasing the downregulation of GPX8. CONCLUSION The findings from this study demonstrate the anticancer activity of GPX8 in HCC by inactivating the Hsc70/AKT pathway. The results suggest a possible therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yang Tao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Shu Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Fu Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Xin Tian
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Fei Jiang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Qi Zhu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Run Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Feng Qu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Hao Chu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Feng Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Fu Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Bin Ding
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Dai
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Ren Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Hong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Amadeo E, Foti S, Camera S, Rossari F, Persano M, Lo Prinzi F, Vitiello F, Casadei-Gardini A, Rimini M. Developing targeted therapeutics for hepatocellular carcinoma: a critical assessment of promising phase II agents. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2024; 33:839-849. [PMID: 39039690 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2377321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the first for primary liver tumors. In recent years greater therapeutic advancement was represented by employment of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) either in monotherapy or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). AREAS COVERED Major attention was given to target therapies in the last couple of years, especially in those currently under phase II trials. Priority was given either to combinations of novel ICI and TKIs or those targeting alternative mutations of major carcinogenic pathways. EXPERT OPINION As TKIs are playing a more crucial role in HCC therapeutic strategies, it is fundamental to further expand molecular testing and monitoring of acquired resistances. Despite the recent advancement in both laboratory and clinical studies, further research is necessary to face the discrepancy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Amadeo
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Foti
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Camera
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Rossari
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Persano
- Medical Oncology, University and University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Prinzi
- Operative Research Unit of Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Vitiello
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Rimini
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
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11
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Gu W, Zeng D, Zhang C. Discovering the effect of combination of celecoxib and sorafenib on hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:321. [PMID: 39083127 PMCID: PMC11291820 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01203-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and fatal cancer, and its molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms and immune infiltration characteristics of celecoxib combined with sorafenib in the treatment of HCC by analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the GSE45340 dataset in the GEO database and identifying key genes. METHODS The GSE45340 dataset was downloaded from the GEO database, and DEGs were screened using GEO2R, and visualization and statistical analysis were performed. Metascape was used to perform functional annotation and protein-protein interaction network analysis of DEGs. The immune infiltration was analyzed using the TIMER database, and the expression of key genes and their relationship with patient survival were analyzed and verified using the UALCAN database. RESULTS A total of 2181 DEGs were screened through GEO2R analysis, and heat maps were drawn for the 50 genes with the highest expression. Metascape was used for enrichment analysis, and the enrichment results of KEGG and GO and the PPI network were obtained, and 44 core genes were screened. Analysis of the TIMER database found that 12 genes were closely related to tumor immune infiltration. UALCAN analysis further verified the differential expression of these genes in HCC and was closely related to the overall survival of patients. CONCLUSIONS Through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, this study identified a group of key genes related to the treatment of HCC with celecoxib combined with sorafenib. These genes play an important role in tumor immune infiltration and patient survival, providing important clues for further studying the molecular mechanism of HCC and developing potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gu
- Hepatological Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Dongyun Zeng
- Clinicopathological Diagnosis and Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Pathology of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Baise, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Hepatological Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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12
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Chen Y, Xu W, Tian H, Gao J, Ye Y, Qin H, Wang H, Song Y, Shao C, Peng F, Tu Y. NIR-II Light-Actuated Nanomotors for Enhanced Photoimmunotherapy Toward Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:39051-39063. [PMID: 39028802 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Light-propelled nanomotors, which can convert external light into mechanical motion, have shown considerable potential in the construction of a new generation of drug delivery systems. However, the therapeutic efficacy of light-driven nanomotors is always unsatisfactory due to the limited penetration depth of near-infrared-I (NIR-I) light and the inherent biocompatibility of the motor itself. Herein, an asymmetric nanomotor (Pd@ZIF-8/R848@M JNMs) with efficient motion capability is successfully constructed for enhanced photoimmunotherapy toward hepatocellular carcinoma. Under near-infrared-II (NIR-II) irradiation, Pd@ZIF-8/R848@M JNMs convert light energy into heat energy, exhibiting self-thermophoretic locomotion to penetrate deeper into tumor tissues to achieve photothermal therapy. At the same time, functionalized with an immune-activated agent Resiquimod (R848), our nanomotors could convert a "cold tumor" into a "hot tumor", transforming the immunosuppressive microenvironment into an immune-activated state, thus achieving immunotherapy. Dual photoimmunotherapy of the as-developed NIR-II light-driven Pd@ZIF-8/R848@M JNMs demonstrates considerable tumor inhibition effects, offering a promising therapeutic approach in the field of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichi Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wenxin Xu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huimin Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Junbin Gao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yicheng Ye
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hanfeng Qin
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hong Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanzhen Song
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chuxiao Shao
- Key Laboratory of Joint Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Disease and Liver Cancer of Lishui, Central Laboratory of Lishui People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Fei Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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13
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Liu S, Zhang P, Wu Y, Zhou H, Wu H, Jin Y, Wu D, Wu G. SLC25A19 is a novel prognostic biomarker related to immune invasion and ferroptosis in HCC. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112367. [PMID: 38823177 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
SLC25A19 is a mitochondrial thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) carrier that mediates TPP entry into the mitochondria. SLC25A19 has been recognized to play a crucial role in many metabolic diseases, but its role in cancer has not been clearly reported. Based on clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the following parameters were analyzed among HCC patients: SLC25A19 expression, enrichment analyses, immune infiltration, ferroptosis and prognosis analyses. In vitro, the SLC25A19 high expression was validated by qRT-PCR and Immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, a series of cell function experiments, including CCK8, EdU, clone formation, trans-well and scratch assays, were conducted to illustrate the effect of SLC25A19 on the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. Meanwhile, indicators related to ferroptosis were also detected. SCL25A19 is highly expressed in HCC and predicts a poor prognosis. Elevated SLC25A19 expression in HCC patients was markedly associated with T stage, pathological status (PS), tumor status (TS), histologic grade (HG), and AFP. Our results indicate that SLC25A19 has a generally good prognosis predictive and diagnostic ability. The results of gene enrichment analyses showed that SLC25A19 is significantly correlated with immune infiltration, fatty acid metabolism, and ferroptosis marker genes. In vitro experiments have confirmed that silencing SLC25A19 can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration ability of cancer cells and induce ferroptosis in HCC. In conclusion, these findings indicate that SLC25A19 is novel prognostic biomarker related to immune invasion and ferroptosis in HCC, and it is an excellent candidate for therapeutic target against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Liu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical, University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning, Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of General Surgery of Liaoning Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Pengjie Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical, University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning, Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of General Surgery of Liaoning Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yubo Wu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical, University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning, Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of General Surgery of Liaoning Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Haonan Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical, University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning, Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of General Surgery of Liaoning Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Haomin Wu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical, University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning, Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of General Surgery of Liaoning Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yifan Jin
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical, University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning, Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of General Surgery of Liaoning Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical, University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning, Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of General Surgery of Liaoning Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Gang Wu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical, University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning, Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of General Surgery of Liaoning Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjingbei Street, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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Xu S, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Dong K, Zhang H, Luo C, Liu SM. A m 6A regulators-related classifier for prognosis and tumor microenvironment characterization in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1374465. [PMID: 39119345 PMCID: PMC11306056 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1374465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence have highlighted the biological significance of mRNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in regulating tumorigenicity and progression. However, the potential roles of m6A regulators in tumor microenvironment (TME) formation and immune cell infiltration in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC or HCC) requires further clarification. Method RNA sequencing data were obtained from TCGA-LIHC databases and ICGC-LIRI-JP databases. Consensus clustering algorithm was used to identify m6A regulators cluster subtypes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), LASSO regression, Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE) were applied to identify candidate biomarkers, and then a m6Arisk score model was constructed. The correlations of m6Arisk score with immunological characteristics (immunomodulators, cancer immunity cycles, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), and immune checkpoints) were systematically evaluated. The effective performance of nomogram was evaluated using concordance index (C-index), calibration plots, decision curve analysis (DCA), and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results Two distinct m6A modification patterns were identified based on 23 m6A regulators, which were correlated with different clinical outcomes and biological functions. Based on the constructed m6Arisk score model, HCC patients can be divided into two distinct risk score subgroups. Further analysis indicated that the m6Arisk score showed excellent prognostic performance. Patients with a high m6Arisk score was significantly associated with poorer clinical outcome, lower drug sensitivity, and higher immune infiltration. Moreover, we developed a nomogram model by incorporating the m6Arisk score and clinicopathological features. The application of the m6Arisk score for the prognostic stratification of HCC has good clinical applicability and clinical net benefit. Conclusion Our findings reveal the crucial role of m6A modification patterns for predicting HCC TME status and prognosis, and highlight the good clinical applicability and net benefit of m6Arisk score in terms of prognosis, immunophenotype, and drug therapy in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kexin Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanfei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunhua Luo
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Song-Mei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Cigliano A, Liao W, Deiana GA, Rizzo D, Chen X, Calvisi DF. Preclinical Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Utility, Limitations, and Challenges. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1624. [PMID: 39062197 PMCID: PMC11274649 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the predominant primary liver tumor, remains one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, despite the advances in therapy in recent years. In addition to the traditional chemically and dietary-induced HCC models, a broad spectrum of novel preclinical tools have been generated following the advent of transgenic, transposon, organoid, and in silico technologies to overcome this gloomy scenario. These models have become rapidly robust preclinical instruments to unravel the molecular pathogenesis of liver cancer and establish new therapeutic approaches against this deadly disease. The present review article aims to summarize and discuss the commonly used preclinical models for HCC, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cigliano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Weiting Liao
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (W.L.); (X.C.)
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Giovanni A. Deiana
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Davide Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (W.L.); (X.C.)
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Diego F. Calvisi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
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Cai B, Qi M, Zhang X, Zhang D. Integrating Network Pharmacology with in vitro Experiments to Validate the Efficacy of Celastrol Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Ferroptosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3121-3141. [PMID: 39071814 PMCID: PMC11278150 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s450324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background As a traditional Chinese medicine monomer derived from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. with potential anticancer activity, celastrol can induce ferroptosis in hepatic stellate cells and inhibit their activation to alleviate liver fibrosis. Activation of ferroptosis can effectively inhibit Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Whether celastrol inhibits HCC by inducing ferroptosis remains to be studied. Purpose To explore the potential targets of celastrol against HCC through ferroptosis based on network pharmacology and to verify the anticancer effect of celastrol on HepG2 cells. Methods We collected celastrol targets, HCC, and ferroptosis-related genes through online databases, and got their intersection targets. Subsequently, we obtained a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and performed gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis to gain key genes for further study. They were verified in vitro and were performed molecular docking. The changes in cell proliferation and ferroptosis characteristics of HepG2 cells after celastrol treatment were detected. Results 31 core target genes were screened for PPI network and enrichment analysis. The most significantly related KEGG pathway was chemical carcinogenesis-reactive oxygen species. The mRNA and protein levels of GSTM1 were significantly decreased after celastrol treatment. Molecular docking demonstrated the interaction between celastrol and GSTM1. Ferroptosis was induced and cell proliferation was inhibited by celastrol in HCC cells. Conclusion Celastrol induces ferroptosis in HCC via regulating GSTM1 expression and may serve as a novel therapeutic compound with clinical potential in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banglan Cai
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Health Commission Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Manman Qi
- Shanghai Health Commission Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Health Commission Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Denghai Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Health Commission Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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He F, He Z, Wang C. A novel role of AIM2 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Hepatol 2024:101532. [PMID: 39048057 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The absence of melanoma 2 (AIM2) protein triggers the activation of the inflammasome cascade. It is unclear whether AIM2 plays a role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which uses radiofrequency waves to treat tumors. In this study, we investigated if RFA could induce pyroptosis, also called cell inflammatory necrosis, in HCC through AIM2-inflammasome signaling in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/c nude mice were used to generate HepG2 or SMMC-7721 cell-derived tumor xenografts. HCC cells with knockdown or overexpression of AIM2 were created using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and expression vector transfection, respectively, for functional and mechanistic studies. Downstream effects were examined using flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, ELISAs, and other molecular assays. RESULTS RFA significantly suppressed tumor growth in HCC cell xenografts. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that RFA could induce pyroptosis. Furthermore, AIM2, NLRP3, caspase-1, γ-H2AX, and DNA-PKc had significantly greater expression levels in liver tissues from mice treated with RFA compared with those of the controls. Additionally, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 expression levels were significantly higher in the HCC cell-derived xenograft mice treated with RFA compared with those without RFA. Notably, a significantly greater effect was achieved in the RFA complete ablation group versus the partial ablation group. Knockdown or overexpression of AIM2 in HCC cells demonstrated that AIM2 exerted a role in RFA-induced pyroptosis. CONCLUSIONS RFA can suppress HCC tumor growth by inducing pyroptosis via AIM2. Therefore, therapeutically intervening with AIM2-mediated inflammasome signaling may help improve RFA treatment outcomes for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan He
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, No. 138 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhongming He
- Interventional Radiology Department, Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, No. 185 Juqian Road, Changhzou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Caoye Wang
- Interventional Radiology Department, Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, No. 185 Juqian Road, Changhzou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Müller L, Bender D, Gairing SJ, Foerster F, Weinmann A, Mittler J, Stoehr F, Halfmann MC, Mähringer-Kunz A, Galle PR, Kloeckner R, Hahn F. Amount of ascites impacts survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial chemoembolization advocating for volumetric assessment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16550. [PMID: 39019953 PMCID: PMC11255265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67312-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Preliminary work has shown that portal hypertension plays a key role for the prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Specifically, the presence of ascites appears to be a strong negative predictor for these patients. However, it remains unclear whether different ascites volumes influence prognosis. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the influence of different ascites volumes on survival for patients with HCC undergoing TACE. A total of 327 treatment-naïve patients with HCC undergoing initial TACE at our tertiary care center between 2010 and 2020 were included. In patients with ascites, the fluid was segmented, and the volume quantified by slice-wise addition using contrast-enhanced CT imaging. Median overall survival (OS) was calculated and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis has been performed. Ascites was present in 102 (31.9%) patients. Ascites volume as continuous variable was significantly associated with an increased hazard ratio in univariate analysis (p < 0.001) and remained an independent predictor of impaired median OS in multivariate analysis (p < 0.001). Median OS without ascites was 17.1 months, and therefore significantly longer than in patients with ascites (6.4 months, p < 0.001). When subdivided into groups of low and high ascites volume in relation to the median ascites volume, patients with low ascites volume had a significantly longer median OS (8.6 vs 3.6 months, p < 0.001). Ascites in patients with HCC undergoing TACE is strongly associated with a poor prognosis. Our results show that not only the presence but also the amount of ascites is highly relevant. Therefore, true ascites volume as opportunistic quantitative biomarker is likely to impact clinical decision-making once automated solutions become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Müller
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Bender
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Simon J Gairing
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Friedrich Foerster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arndt Weinmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Mittler
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabian Stoehr
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Moritz C Halfmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aline Mähringer-Kunz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter R Galle
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roman Kloeckner
- Institute of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Felix Hahn
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Zheng S, Xue C, Li S, Zao X, Li X, Liu Q, Cao X, Wang W, Qi W, Du H, Zhang P, Ye Y. Liver cirrhosis: current status and treatment options using western or traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1381476. [PMID: 39081955 PMCID: PMC11286405 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1381476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis arises from liver fibrosis and necroinflammation caused by various mechanisms of hepatic injury. It is a prevalent condition in clinical practice characterized by hepatocellular dysfunction, portal hypertension, and associated complications. Despite its common occurrence, the etiology and pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis remain incompletely understood, posing a significant health threat. Effective prevention of its onset and progression is paramount in medical research. Symptoms often include discomfort in the liver area, while complications such as sarcopenia, hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and infection can arise. While the efficacy of Western medicine in treating liver cirrhosis is uncertain, Chinese medicine offers distinct advantages. This review explores advancements in liver cirrhosis treatment encompassing non-pharmacological and pharmacological modalities. Chinese medicine interventions, including Chinese medicine decoctions, Chinese patent medicines, and acupuncture, exhibit notable efficacy in cirrhosis reversal and offer improved prognoses. Nowadays, the combination of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of liver cirrhosis also has considerable advantages, which is worthy of further research and clinical promotion. Standardized treatment protocols based on these findings hold significant clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Zheng
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chengyuan Xue
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Size Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Zao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoke Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Liver Diseases Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyao Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Liver Diseases Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenying Qi
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Du
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Liver Diseases Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yongan Ye
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Liver Diseases Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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20
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Wusiman M, Huang SY, Liu ZY, He TT, Fang AP, Li MC, Yang MT, Wang C, Zhang YJ, Zhu HL. Serum S-adenosylhomocysteine, rather than homocysteine, is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma survival: a prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2024:S0002-9165(24)00611-7. [PMID: 39025328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggested that S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) may be a better serum biomarker for cardiovascular disease than homocysteine (Hcy). However, the role of SAH in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis remains unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to prospectively explore the relationships between serum SAH and related metabolites [Hcy, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)] with HCC survival, and to evaluate the effect modifications by gene polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism key enzymes. METHODS We included 1080 newly diagnosed patients with HCC from the Guangdong Liver Cancer Cohort. Serum SAH, Hcy, and SAM were measured utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Gene polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism key enzymes were identified using kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. Primary outcomes were liver cancer-specific survival (LCSS) and overall survival (OS). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 3.6 y, 601 deaths occurred, with 552 (92%) attributed to HCC. Multivariable analysis revealed that patients in the highest quartile of serum SAH concentrations were significantly associated with worse survival compared with those in the lowest quartile, with HRs of 1.58 (95% CI: 1.19, 2.10; P-trend = 0.002) for LCSS and 1.54 (95% CI: 1.18, 2.02; P-trend = 0.001) for OS. There were no significant interactions between serum SAH concentrations and genetic variants of one-carbon metabolism key enzymes. No significant associations were found between serum Hcy, SAM concentrations, and SAM/SAH ratio with LCSS or OS. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum SAH concentrations, rather than Hcy, were independently associated with worse survival in patients with HCC, regardless of the genetic variants of one-carbon metabolism key enzymes. These findings suggest that SAH may be a novel metabolism-related prognostic biomarker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maierhaba Wusiman
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong-Tong He
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Chu Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Tao Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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21
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Li X, Zhou L, Xu X, Liu X, Wu W, Feng Q, Tang Z. Metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma: a bibliometric and visualized study from 2011 to 2023. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1392241. [PMID: 39086383 PMCID: PMC11289777 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1392241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Metabolic reprogramming has been found to be a typical feature of tumors. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a cancer with high morbidity and mortality, has been extensively studied for its metabolic reprogramming-related mechanisms. Our study aims to identify the hotspots and frontiers of metabolic reprogramming research in HCC and to provide guidance for future scientific research and decision-making in HCC metabolism. Methods Relevant studies on the metabolic reprogramming of HCC were derived from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database up until November 2023. The bibliometrix tools in R were used for scientometric analysis and visualization. Results From 2011 to 2023, a total of 575 publications were obtained from WoSCC that met the established criteria. These publications involved 3,904 researchers and 948 organizations in 37 countries, with an average annual growth rate of 39.11% in research. These studies were published in 233 journals, with Cancers (n = 29) ranking first, followed by Frontiers in Oncology (n = 20) and International Journal of Molecular Sciences (n = 19). The top ten journals accounted for 26% of the 575 studies. The most prolific authors were Wang J (n = 14), Li Y (n = 12), and Liu J (n = 12). The country with the most publications is China, followed by the United States, Italy, and France. Fudan University had the largest percentage of research results with 15.48% (n = 89). Ally A's paper in Cell has the most citations. A total of 1,204 keywords were analyzed, with the trend themes such as "glycolysis," "tumor microenvironment," "Warburg effect," "mitochondria," "hypoxia ," etc. Co-occurrence network and cluster analysis revealed the relationships between keywords, authors, publications, and journals. Moreover, the close collaboration between countries in this field was elucidated. Conclusion This bibliometric and visual analysis delves into studies related to metabolic reprogramming in HCC between 2012 and 2023, elucidating the characteristics of research in this field, which has gradually moved away from single glycolipid metabolism studies to the integration of overall metabolism in the body, pointing out the trend of research topics, and the dynamics of the interaction between the tumor microenvironment and metabolic reprogramming will be the future direction of research, which provides blueprints and inspirations for HCC prevention and treatment programs to the researchers in this field. Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.bibliometrix.org].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyang Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Quansheng Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziwei Tang
- The Beibei Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, The Ninth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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22
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Li Y, Chen Y, Wang D, Wu L, Li T, An N, Yang H. Elucidating the multifaceted role of MGAT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma: integrative single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal novel therapeutic insights. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1442722. [PMID: 39081317 PMCID: PMC11286416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1442722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Glycosyltransferase-associated genes play a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. This study investigates their impact on the tumor microenvironment and molecular mechanisms, offering insights into innovative immunotherapeutic strategies for HCC. Methods We utilized cutting-edge single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to examine HCC heterogeneity. Four single-cell scoring techniques were employed to evaluate glycosyltransferase genes. Spatial transcriptomic findings were validated, and bulk RNA-seq analysis was conducted to identify prognostic glycosyltransferase-related genes and potential immunotherapeutic targets. MGAT1's role was further explored through various functional assays. Results Our analysis revealed diverse cell subpopulations in HCC with distinct glycosyltransferase gene activities, particularly in macrophages. Key glycosyltransferase genes specific to macrophages were identified. Temporal analysis illustrated macrophage evolution during tumor progression, while spatial transcriptomics highlighted reduced expression of these genes in core tumor macrophages. Integrating scRNA-seq, bulk RNA-seq, and spatial transcriptomics, MGAT1 emerged as a promising therapeutic target, showing significant potential in HCC immunotherapy. Conclusion This comprehensive study delves into glycosyltransferase-associated genes in HCC, elucidating their critical roles in cellular dynamics and immune cell interactions. Our findings open new avenues for immunotherapeutic interventions and personalized HCC management, pushing the boundaries of HCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Danqiong Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Tumor Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Na An
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haikun Yang
- The Gastroenterology Department, Shanxi Provincial People Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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23
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Chung JY, Lee W, Lee OW, Ylaya K, Nambiar D, Sheehan-Klenk J, Fayn S, Hewitt SM, Choyke PL, Escorcia FE. Glypican-3 deficiency in liver cancer upregulates MAPK/ERK pathway but decreases cell proliferation. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:3348-3371. [PMID: 39113871 PMCID: PMC11301284 DOI: 10.62347/ttny4279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Glypican-3 (GPC3) is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatoblastomas and represents an important therapeutic target but the biologic importance of GPC3 in liver cancer is unclear. To date, there are limited data characterizing the biological implications of GPC3 knockout (KO) in liver cancers that intrinsically express this target. Here, we report on the development and characterization of GPC3-KO liver cancer cell lines and compare to them to parental lines. GPC3-KO variants were established in HepG2 and Hep3B liver cancer cell lines using a lentivirus-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 system. We assessed the effects of GPC3 deficiency on oncogenic properties in vitro and in murine xenograft models. Downstream cellular signaling pathway changes induced by GPC3 deficiency were examined by RNAseq and western blot. To confirm the usefulness of the models for GPC3-targeted drug development, we evaluated the target engagement of a GPC3-selective antibody, GC33, conjugated to the positron-emitting zirconium-89 (89Zr) in subcutaneous murine xenografts of wild type (WT) and KO liver cancer cell lines. Deletion of GPC3 significantly reduced liver cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion compared to the parental cell lines. Additionally, the tumor growth of GPC3-KO liver cancer xenografts was significantly slower compared with control xenografts. RNA sequencing analysis also showed GPC3-KO resulted in a reduction in the expression of genes associated with cell cycle regulation, invasion, and migration. Specifically, we observed the downregulation of components in the AKT/NFκB/WNT signaling pathways and of molecules related to cell cycle regulation with GPC3-KO. In contrast, pMAPK/ERK1/2 was upregulated, suggesting an adaptive compensatory response. KO lines demonstrated increased sensitivity to ERK (GDC09994), while AKT (MK2206) inhibition was more effective in WT lines. Using antibody-based positron emission tomography (immunoPET) imaging, we confirmed that 89Zr-GC33 accumulated exclusively in GPC3-expression xenografts but not in GPC3-KO xenografts with high tumor uptake and tumor-to-liver signal ratio. We show that GPC3-KO liver cancer cell lines exhibit decreased tumorigenicity and altered signaling pathways, including upregulated pMAPK/ERK1/2, compared to parental lines. Furthermore, we successfully distinguished between GPC3+ and GPC3- tumors using the GPC3-targeted immunoPET imaging agent, demonstrating the potential utility of these cell lines in facilitating GPC3-selective drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Yong Chung
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Woonghee Lee
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Olivia W Lee
- Laboratory of Genetic Susceptibility, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kris Ylaya
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Divya Nambiar
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Julia Sheehan-Klenk
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stanley Fayn
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of OxfordOxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Stephen M Hewitt
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Freddy E Escorcia
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Liu G, Zhu D, He Q, Zhou C, He L, Li Z, Jiang Z, Huang M, Chang B, Wu C. Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy Combined with Lenvatinib and PD-1 Inhibitors for Managing Arterioportal Shunt in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:1415-1428. [PMID: 39045397 PMCID: PMC11264130 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s456460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of combining hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with lenvatinib (LEN) and PD-1 inhibitors in treating arterioportal shunt (APS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). Patients and Methods Conducted retrospectively, the study enrolled 54 HCC patients with APS and PVTT treated with HAIC, LEN, and PD-1 inhibitors at our center between January 2021 and October 2023. APS improvement, APS recanalization, tumor response, PVTT response rate, overall survival (OS), intrahepatic progression-free survival (InPFS), and adverse events were evaluated. Results APS improvement was observed in 42 patients (77.8%), with all improvement occurring within two treatment sessions. Complete APS occlusion was achieved in 40 patients (74.1%), and no recanalization occurred. The best objective response rate (ORR) and ORR after two HAIC sessions were 74.1% and 66.7%, respectively. The best PVTT response and PVTT response after two HAIC sessions were 98.1% and 94.4%, respectively. The median OS and InPFS were 10.0 months and 5.0 months, respectively. OS and InPFS were longer in patients with APS occlusion compared to those without (OS 12.1 vs 4.4 months, P<0.001, InPFS 6.2 vs 2.3 months, P=0.049). ALBI grade, extrahepatic spread, APS disappearance were potential prognostic factors for OS, while APS grade and extrahepatic spread being independently associated with InPFS. No treatment-related mortality occurred. Conclusion Combining HAIC with LEN and PD-1 inhibitors proves to be both effective and safe in managing APS in HCC with PVTT, potentially improving patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxiong Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Duo Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quansheng He
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Churen Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li He
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengran Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zaibo Jiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingsheng Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Boyang Chang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
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25
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Balli HT, Piskin FC, Sozutok S, Erdoğan KE, Aikimbaev K. Outcomes in Patients with Macrotrabecular-Massive Subtype Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Yttrium-90 Transarterial Radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2024; 35:998-1003. [PMID: 38548131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the outcomes of yttrium-90 transarterial radioembolization (TARE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with and without macrotrabecular-massive (MTM) subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-one consecutive patients with HCC (male, 90.3%; mean age, 65.3 years [SD ± 10.7]) who underwent yttrium-90 TARE between September 2014 and January 2022 were grouped into the MTM-HCC (n = 17, 41.5%) and non-MTM-HCC (n = 24, 58.5%) groups based on their histopathological subtypes. Demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics were compared. Survival, univariate, and multivariate analyses were performed, and prognostic factors were evaluated. RESULTS In MTM-HCC group, the rates of moderately to poorly differentiated tumors were significantly higher (13/17 vs 8/16, P = .007), and new intrahepatic/extrahepatic metastases were detected more frequently (12/17 vs 15/24, P = .038). Median overall survival (OS) in the cohort was 29 months (range, 17.1-40.9 months), whereas patients with MTM-HCC had a significantly shorter median OS (20 vs 44 months, P = .014). In univariate analysis, MTM-HCC subtype (hazard ratio [HR], 2.690; P = .021), the presence of satellite nodules (HR, 3.810; P = .004), and macrovascular invasion (HR, 3.321; P = .012) were identified as significant prognostic factors. In multivariate analysis, MTM-HCC subtype and macrovascular invasion were determined as independent poor prognostic factors (P = .038 and P = .012, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In patients with HCC treated with yttrium-90 TARE, both the rates of moderately to poorly differentiated histopathological classes and the development of intrahepatic or extrahepatic metastases were significantly higher in the MTM-HCC subtype. OS was worse in patients with MTM-HCC, and macrovascular invasion and MTM-HCC subtype were identified as independent poor prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kivilcim Eren Erdoğan
- Department of Pathology, Cukurova University Medical School, Balcali Hospital, Adana, Turkey
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Li L, Liang X, Yu Y, Mao R, Han J, Peng C, Zhou J. Radiomics-Based Machine Learning Classification Strategy for Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in High-Risk Patients with LI-RADS Category M Nodules. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2024; 34:405-415. [PMID: 38912232 PMCID: PMC11188750 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Accurate differentiation within the LI-RADS category M (LR-M) between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-HCC malignancies (mainly intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [CCA] and combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma [cHCC-CCA]) is an area of active investigation. We aimed to use radiomics-based machine learning classification strategy for differentiating HCC from CCA and cHCC-CCA on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) images in high-risk patients with LR-M nodules. Methods A total of 159 high-risk patients with LR-M nodules (69 HCC and 90 CCA/cHCC-CCA) who underwent CEUS within 1 month before pathologic confirmation from January 2006 to December 2019 were retrospectively included (111 patients for training set and 48 for test set). The training set was used to build models, while the test set was used to compare models. For each observation, six CEUS images captured at predetermined time points (T1, peak enhancement after contrast injection; T2, 30 seconds; T3, 45 seconds; T4, 60 seconds; T5, 1-2 minutes; and T6, 2-3 minutes) were collected for tumor segmentation and selection of radiomics features, which included seven types of features: first-order statistics, shape (2D), gray-level co-occurrence matrix, gray-level size zone matrix, gray-level run length matrix, neighboring gray tone difference matrix, and gray-level dependence matrix. Clinical data and key radiomics features were employed to develop the clinical model, radiomics signature (RS), and combined RS-clinical (RS-C) model. The RS and RS-C model were built using the machine learning framework. The diagnostic performance of these three models was calculated and compared. Results Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), CA19-9, enhancement pattern, and time of washout were included as independent factors for clinical model (all p < 0.05). Both the RS and RS-C model performed better than the clinical model in the test set (area under the curve [AUC] of 0.698 [0.571-0.812] for clinical model, 0.903 [0.830-0.970] for RS, and 0.912 [0.838-0.977] for the RS-C model; both p < 0.05). Conclusions Radiomics-based machine learning classifiers may be competent for differentiating HCC from CCA and cHCC-CCA in high-risk patients with LR-M nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxin Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiwen Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rushuang Mao
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuan Peng
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Voisin L, Lapouge M, Saba-El-Leil MK, Gombos M, Javary J, Trinh VQ, Meloche S. Syngeneic mouse model of YES-driven metastatic and proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050553. [PMID: 39051113 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease of high unmet medical need that has become a global health problem. The development of targeted therapies for HCC has been hindered by the incomplete understanding of HCC pathogenesis and the limited number of relevant preclinical animal models. We recently unveiled a previously uncharacterized YES kinase (encoded by YES1)-dependent oncogenic signaling pathway in HCC. To model this subset of HCC, we established a series of syngeneic cell lines from liver tumors of transgenic mice expressing activated human YES. The resulting cell lines (referred to as HepYF) were enriched for expression of stem cell and progenitor markers, proliferated rapidly, and were characterized by high SRC family kinase (SFK) activity and activated mitogenic signaling pathways. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that HepYF cells are representative of the most aggressive proliferation class G3 subgroup of HCC. HepYF cells formed rapidly growing metastatic tumors upon orthotopic implantation into syngeneic hosts. Treatment with sorafenib or the SFK inhibitor dasatinib markedly inhibited the growth of HepYF tumors. The new HepYF HCC cell lines provide relevant preclinical models to study the pathogenesis of HCC and test novel small-molecule inhibitor and immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Voisin
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Marjorie Lapouge
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Marc K Saba-El-Leil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Melania Gombos
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Joaquim Javary
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Vincent Q Trinh
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Momeny M, Rezaei N, Fallah F, Bashash D. Immune landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma: From dysregulation of the immune responses to the potential immunotherapies. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4098. [PMID: 39034646 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a considerable global health burden due to its late diagnosis and high morbidity. The liver's specific anatomical and physiological features expose it to various antigens, requiring precise immune regulation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a comprehensive overview of the interactions between the immune system and gut microbiota in the development of HCC, as well as the relevant therapeutic approaches are discussed. Dysregulation of immune compartments within the liver microenvironment drives HCC pathogenesis, characterized by elevated regulatory cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and M2 macrophages as well as suppressive molecules, alongside reduced number of effector cells like T cells, natural killer cells, and M1 macrophages. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota also contributes to HCC by disrupting intestinal barrier integrity and triggering overactivated immune responses. Immunotherapy approaches, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, have exhibited promise in HCC management, yet adoptive cell therapy and cancer vaccination research are in the early steps with relatively less favorable outcomes. Further understanding of immune dysregulation, gut microbiota involvement, and therapeutic combination strategies are essential for advancing precision immunotherapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Momeny
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fallah
- Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yao J, Wan H, Zhang J, Shen W, Wei X, Shi C, Ou B, Liu D, Ge L, Fei J, Zeng X. Tubuloside B, a major constituent of Cistanche deserticola, inhibits migration of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting Hippo-YAP pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155552. [PMID: 38552378 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) have multiple pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective or neuroprotective functions, whereas their anti-tumor effects are rarely studied. Tubuloside B (Tub B) is a PhG isolated from Cistanche deserticola, a traditional Chinese medicine. To date, there is a lack of comprehensive research regarding the biological activity of Tub B. PURPOSE The subject of the current study was to investigate the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell activity and the underlying mechanism of Tub B. METHODS We evaluated the in vitro anti-migratory effect of Tub B by scratch and transwell assays. RNA-seq was employed to identify the differential genes by Tub B. Besides, the functional mechanism of Tub B was investigated by distinct molecular biology techniques including immunofluorescent staining, quantitative PCR, as well as western blot analysis. Subsequently, we utilized Hep3B cells for in vivo metastasis assays through spleen injection and evaluated the anti-migratory effect of Tub B in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). RESULTS Tub B exhibited in vitro and in vivo inhibition of HCC cell migration. Tub B decreased the expression of transcriptional target genes downstream of the Hippo pathway, including CTGF, CYR61, and N-cadherin as determined by RNA-seq. Furthermore, mechanistic studies confirmed that Tub B increased phosphorylation of YAP at S127, which contributes to YAP cytoplasmic localization. Additionally, overexpression of YAP abrogated Tub B-induced inhibition of HCC migration and the mRNA levels of CTGF, CYR61, and N-cadherin. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results illustrated that Tub B demonstrated great potential in inhibiting migration of HCC, and a portion of its impact can be attributed to the modulation of the Hippo-YAP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yao
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518120, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Haoqiang Wan
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518120, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jingmei Zhang
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518104, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Wanying Shen
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; College of pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 73000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Wei
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; College of pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 73000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Chenyan Shi
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518120, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Baoru Ou
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518120, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Dongyu Liu
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518120, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Lanlan Ge
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518120, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jia Fei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Xiaobin Zeng
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, PR China; Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518120, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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30
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Samaei SS, Daryab M, Gholami S, Rezaee A, Fatehi N, Roshannia R, Hashemi S, Javani N, Rahmanian P, Amani-Beni R, Zandieh MA, Nabavi N, Rashidi M, Malgard N, Hashemi M, Taheriazam A. Multifunctional and stimuli-responsive liposomes in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and therapy. Transl Oncol 2024; 45:101975. [PMID: 38692195 PMCID: PMC11070928 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent type of liver cancer, mainly occurring in Asian countries with an increased incidence rate globally. Currently, several kinds of therapies have been deployed for HCC therapy including surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. However, this tumor is still incurable, requiring novel strategies for its treatment. The nanomedicine has provided the new insights regarding the treatment of cancer that liposomes as lipid-based nanoparticles, have been widely applied in cancer therapy due to their biocompaitiblity, high drug loading and ease of synthesis and modification. The current review evaluates the application of liposomes for the HCC therapy. The drugs and genes lack targeting ability into tumor tissues and cells. Therefore, loading drugs or genes on liposomes can increase their accumulation in tumor site for HCC suppression. Moreover, the stimuli-responsive liposomes including pH-, redox- and light-sensitive liposomes are able to deliver drug into tumor microenvironment to improve therapeutic index. Since a number of receptors upregulate on HCC cells, the functionalization of liposomes with lactoferrin and peptides can promote the targeting ability towards HCC cells. Moreover, phototherapy can be induced by liposomes through loading phtoosensitizers to stimulate photothermal- and photodynamic-driven ablation of HCC cells. Overall, the findings are in line with the fact that liposomes are promising nanocarriers for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Setareh Samaei
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Daryab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Gholami
- Young Researcher and Elite Club, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Aryan Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Fatehi
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Romina Roshannia
- Faculty of Life Science and Bio-technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Hashemi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nazanin Javani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parham Rahmanian
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Amani-Beni
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Neda Malgard
- Department of Internal medicine, Firoozgar Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Lasagni S, Critelli RM, Milosa F, Saltini D, Schepis F, Romanzi A, Dituri F, Serino G, Di Marco L, Pivetti A, Scianò F, Giannelli G, Villa E. Differential Impact of Tumor Endothelial Angiopoietin-2 and Podoplanin in Lymphatic Endothelial Cells on HCC Outcomes with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Treatment According to Sex. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1424. [PMID: 39061998 PMCID: PMC11273995 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Curative treatments are available to a minority of patients, as HCC is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. For patients with unresectable and multifocal HCC, tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs (TKIs) are the only potential treatment option. Despite extensive research, predictors of response to these therapies remain elusive. This study aimed to analyze the biological and histopathological characteristics of HCC patients treated with TKIs, focusing on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Immunohistochemistry quantified the expression of angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) podoplanin, and C-type Lectin Domain Family 2 (CLEC-2), key factors in neoangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. An increased expression of endothelial Ang2 and LEC podoplanin predicted a lower risk of metastasis. Female patients had significantly longer overall survival and survival on TKIs, associated with higher tumor expression of endothelial Ang2 and LEC podoplanin. Moreover, LEC podoplanin expression and a longer time on TKIs were independently correlated with improved survival on TKI therapy at Cox regression analysis. These findings suggest that endothelial Ang2 and LEC podoplanin could be potential biomarkers for predicting treatment outcomes and guiding therapeutic strategies in HCC patients treated with TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lasagni
- Gastroenterology Unit, Chimomo Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.L.); (R.M.C.); (F.M.); (D.S.); (F.S.); (A.R.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Rosina Maria Critelli
- Gastroenterology Unit, Chimomo Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.L.); (R.M.C.); (F.M.); (D.S.); (F.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Fabiola Milosa
- Gastroenterology Unit, Chimomo Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.L.); (R.M.C.); (F.M.); (D.S.); (F.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Dario Saltini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Chimomo Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.L.); (R.M.C.); (F.M.); (D.S.); (F.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Filippo Schepis
- Gastroenterology Unit, Chimomo Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.L.); (R.M.C.); (F.M.); (D.S.); (F.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Adriana Romanzi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Chimomo Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.L.); (R.M.C.); (F.M.); (D.S.); (F.S.); (A.R.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Francesco Dituri
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “IRCCS Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.D.); (G.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Grazia Serino
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “IRCCS Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.D.); (G.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Lorenza Di Marco
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Pivetti
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Filippo Scianò
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “IRCCS Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.D.); (G.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Erica Villa
- Gastroenterology Unit, Chimomo Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.L.); (R.M.C.); (F.M.); (D.S.); (F.S.); (A.R.)
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Zhou L, Li Y, Zheng D, Zheng Y, Cui Y, Qin L, Tang Z, Peng D, Wu Q, Long Y, Yao Y, Wong N, Lau J, Li P. Bispecific CAR-T cells targeting FAP and GPC3 have the potential to treat hepatocellular carcinoma. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200817. [PMID: 38882528 PMCID: PMC11179089 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has demonstrated robust efficacy against hematological malignancies, but there are still some challenges regarding treating solid tumors, including tumor heterogeneity, antigen escape, and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, we found that SNU398, a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line, exhibited high expression levels of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and Glypican 3 (GPC3), which were negatively correlated with patient prognosis. The HepG2 HCC cell line highly expressed GPC3, while the SNU387 cell line exhibited high expression of FAP. Thus, we developed bispecific CAR-T cells to simultaneously target FAP and GPC3 to address tumor heterogeneity in HCC. The anti-FAP-GPC3 bispecific CAR-T cells could recognize and be activated by FAP or GPC3 expressed by tumor cells. Compared with anti-FAP CAR-T cells or anti-GPC3 CAR-T cells, bispecific CAR-T cells achieved more robust activity against tumor cells expressing FAP and GPC3 in vitro. The anti-FAP-GPC3 bispecific CAR-T cells also exhibited superior antitumor efficacy and significantly prolonged the survival of mice compared with single-target CAR-T cells in vivo. Overall, the use of anti-FAP-GPC3 bispecific CAR-T cells is a promising treatment approach to reduce tumor recurrence caused by tumor antigen heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfu Zhou
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao Li
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Diwei Zheng
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongfang Zheng
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanbin Cui
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Qin
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong Zhaotai Cell Biology Technology Ltd., Foshan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Tang
- Guangdong Zhaotai Cell Biology Technology Ltd., Foshan, China
| | - Dongdong Peng
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiting Wu
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youguo Long
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nathalie Wong
- Department of Surgery of the Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China
| | - James Lau
- Department of Surgery of the Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Li
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Surgery of the Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu Q, Zhang X, Qi J, Tian X, Dovjak E, Zhang J, Du H, Zhang N, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wei Y, Liu C, Qian R, Xiang L, Li W, Xiu P, Ma C, Yu Y, Jiang S. Comprehensive profiling of lipid metabolic reprogramming expands precision medicine for HCC. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-00919. [PMID: 38899975 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver HCC is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The heterogeneity of this malignancy is driven by a wide range of genetic alterations, leading to a lack of effective therapeutic options. In this study, we conducted a systematic multi-omics characterization of HCC to uncover its metabolic reprogramming signature. APPROACH AND RESULTS Through a comprehensive analysis incorporating transcriptomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic investigations, we identified significant changes in metabolic pathways related to glucose flux, lipid oxidation and degradation, and de novo lipogenesis in HCC. The lipidomic analysis revealed abnormal alterations in glycerol-lipids, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingolipid derivatives. Machine-learning techniques identified a panel of genes associated with lipid metabolism as common biomarkers for HCC across different etiologies. Our findings suggest that targeting phosphatidylcholine with saturated fatty acids and long-chain sphingolipid biosynthesis pathways, particularly by inhibiting lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 ( LPCAT1 ) and ceramide synthase 5 ( CERS5 ) as potential therapeutic strategies for HCC in vivo and in vitro. Notably, our data revealed an oncogenic role of CERS5 in promoting tumor progression through lipophagy. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study elucidates the metabolic reprogramming nature of lipid metabolism in HCC, identifies prognostic markers and therapeutic targets, and highlights potential metabolism-related targets for therapeutic intervention in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Liu
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
- Post-Doctoral Research Center, Cisen Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jining, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Pathology Department, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Qi
- Medical Faculty, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Xinchen Tian
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Eva Dovjak
- Medical Faculty, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Honghuan Du
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yangang Wei
- Post-Doctoral Research Center, Cisen Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Chenqiao Liu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Ruikun Qian
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Longquan Xiang
- Pathology Department, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Weiyang Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Xiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Province Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated With Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changlin Ma
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Medical Faculty, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Shulong Jiang
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
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Li Z, Duan D, Li L, Peng D, Ming Y, Ni R, Liu Y. Tumor-associated macrophages in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: recent research progress. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1382256. [PMID: 38957393 PMCID: PMC11217528 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1382256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the cancers that seriously threaten human health. Immunotherapy serves as the mainstay of treatment for HCC patients by targeting the programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis. However, the effectiveness of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment is limited when HCC becomes drug-resistant. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important factor in the negative regulation of PD-1 antibody targeted therapy in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, as an emerging direction in cancer immunotherapy research for the treatment of HCC, it is crucial to elucidate the correlations and mechanisms between TAMs and PD-1/PD-L1-mediated immune tolerance. This paper summarizes the effects of TAMs on the pathogenesis and progression of HCC and their impact on HCC anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy, and further explores current potential therapeutic strategies that target TAMs in HCC, including eliminating TAMs in the TME, inhibiting TAMs recruitment to tumors and functionally repolarizing M2-TAMs (tumor-supportive) to M1-TAMs (antitumor type).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rui Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Qiao W, Xiong Y, Li K, Jin R, Zhang Y. Incorporating Inflammatory Markers and Clinical Indicators into a Predictive Model of Single Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence After Primary Locoregional Treatments. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:1113-1125. [PMID: 38887683 PMCID: PMC11182039 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s465069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose We explored the role of tumor size and number in the prognosis of HCC patients who underwent ablation and created a nomogram based on machine learning to predict the recurrence. Patients and Methods A total of 990 HCC patients who underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined ablation at Beijing Youan Hospital from January 2014 to December 2021 were prospectively enrolled, including 478 patients with single small HCC (S-S), 209 patients with single large (≥30mm) HCC (S-L), 182 patients with multiple small HCC (M-S), and 121 patients with multiple large HCC (M-L). S-S patients were randomized in a 7:3 ratio into the training cohort (N=334) and the validation cohort (N=144). Lasso-Cox regression analysis was carried out to identify independent risk factors, which were used to construct a nomogram. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves. Patients in the training and validation cohorts were divided into low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups based on the risk scores of the nomogram. Results The median recurrence-free survival (mRFS) in S-S patients was significantly longer than the S-L, M-S, and S-L patients (P<0.0001). The content of the nomogram includes age, monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), gamma-glutamyl transferase-to-lymphocyte (GLR), International normalized ratio (INR), and Erythrocyte (RBC). The C-index (0.704 and 0.71) and 1-, 3-, and 5-year AUCs (0.726, 0.800, 0.780, and 0.752, 0.761, 0.760) of the training and validation cohorts proved the excellent predictive performance of the nomogram. Calibration curves the DCA curves showed that the nomogram had good consistency and clinical utility. There were apparent variances in RFS between the low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups (P<0.0001). Conclusion S-S patients who underwent ablation had the best prognosis. The nomogram developed and validated in the study had good predictive ability for S-S patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Qiao
- Interventional Therapy Center for Oncology, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, People’s Republic of China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiqi Xiong
- Interventional Therapy Center for Oncology, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Li
- Research Center for Biomedical Resources, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, People’s Republic of China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Interventional Therapy Center for Oncology, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100006, People’s Republic of China
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Liu Z, Yang L, Liu C, Wang Z, Xu W, Lu J, Wang C, Xu X. Identification and validation of immune-related gene signature models for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371829. [PMID: 38933262 PMCID: PMC11199539 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study seeks to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of clinical diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as to optimize the assessment of immunotherapy response. Methods A training set comprising 305 HCC cases was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Initially, a screening process was undertaken to identify prognostically significant immune-related genes (IRGs), followed by the application of logistic regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression methods for gene modeling. Subsequently, the final model was constructed using support vector machines-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). Following model evaluation, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to examine the gene expression profiles in tissue samples obtained from our cohort of 54 patients with HCC and an independent cohort of 231 patients, and the prognostic relevance of the model was substantiated. Thereafter, the association of the model with the immune responses was examined, and its predictive value regarding the efficacy of immunotherapy was corroborated through studies involving three cohorts undergoing immunotherapy. Finally, the study uncovered the potential mechanism by which the model contributed to prognosticating HCC outcomes and assessing immunotherapy effectiveness. Results SVM-RFE modeling was applied to develop an OS prognostic model based on six IRGs (CMTM7, HDAC1, HRAS, PSMD1, RAET1E, and TXLNA). The performance of the model was assessed by AUC values on the ROC curves, resulting in values of 0.83, 0.73, and 0.75 for the predictions at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. A marked difference in OS outcomes was noted when comparing the high-risk group (HRG) with the low-risk group (LRG), as demonstrated in both the initial training set (P <0.0001) and the subsequent validation cohort (P <0.0001). Additionally, the SVMRS in the HRG demonstrated a notable positive correlation with key immune checkpoint genes (CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1). The results obtained from the examination of three cohorts undergoing immunotherapy affirmed the potential capability of this model in predicting immunotherapy effectiveness. Conclusions The HCC predictive model developed in this study, comprising six genes, demonstrates a robust capability to predict the OS of patients with HCC and immunotherapy effectiveness in tumor management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingge Yang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wendi Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jueliang Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunmeng Wang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xundi Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of General Surgery, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Lin X, Long H, Zhong Z, Ye Q, Duan B. Biodegradable chitin nanofiber-alginate dialdehyde hydrogel: An injectable, self-healing scaffold for anti-tumor drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132187. [PMID: 38723827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels fabricated from natural polymers have attracted increasing attentions for their potential in biomedical application owing to the biocompatibility and biodegradability. A new class of natural polymer based self-healing hydrogel is constructed through dynamic covalent bonds. The injectable self-healing hydrogels are fabricated by introducing alginate aldehyde to form Schiff base bonds with the chitin nanofibers. These hydrogels demonstrate excellent self-healing properties, injectability, and pH-responsive sol-gel transition behaviors. As a result, they can serve as carriers to allow an effective encapsulation of doxorubicin (DOX) for drug delivery. Furthermore, these hydrogels exhibit excellent biocompatibility and degradability in vitro and in vivo. The sustained release of DOX from the hydrogels effectively suppresses tumor growth in animal models without causing significant systemic toxicity, suggesting their potential application in anti-tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghuan Lin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Haitao Long
- National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Zibiao Zhong
- National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China.
| | - Qifa Ye
- National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China.
| | - Bo Duan
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Lu Y, Wang N, Yang Y, Hao F, Fei X, Chen Y, Wang J. Alternative splicing-related long noncoding RNA ANRIL facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the miR-199a-5p/SRSF1 axis and impacting Anillin. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1064-1078. [PMID: 38411272 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by aberrant alternative splicing (AS), which plays an important part in the pathological process of this disease. However, available reports about genes and mechanisms involved in AS process are limited. Our previous research has identified ANRIL as a long noncoding RNA related to the AS process of HCC. Here, we investigated the exact effect and the mechanism of ANRIL on HCC progress. The ANRIL expression profile was validated using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. The western blot analysis and IHC assay were conducted on candidate targets, including SRSF1 and Anillin. The clinicopathological features of 97 patients were collected and analyzed. Loss-of and gain-of-function experiments were conducted. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify the interaction between ANRIL, miR-199a-5p, and SRSF1. Anomalous upregulation of ANRIL in HCC was observed, correlating with worse clinicopathological features of HCC. HCC cell proliferation, mobility, tumorigenesis, and metastasis were impaired by depleting ANRIL. We found that ANRIL acts as a sponger of miRNA-199a-5p, resulting in an elevated level of its target protein SRSF1. The phenotypes induced by ANRIL/miR-199a-5p/SRSF1 alteration are associated with Anillin, a validated HCC promoter. ANRIL is an AS-related lncRNA promoting HCC progress by modulating the miR-199a-5p/SRSF1 axis. The downstream effector of this axis in the development of HCC is Anillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiquan Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengjie Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Fei
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Jiang W, Chen Y, Shan J, Li X, Wu X. NUF2 regulated the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through modulating the PI3K/AKT pathway via stabilizing ERBB3. Transl Oncol 2024; 44:101933. [PMID: 38507923 PMCID: PMC10966282 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide. The NDC80 kinetochore complex component NUF2 has been previously identified as up-regulating in HCC and associated with patient prognosis. However, the pathophysiological effects and molecular mechanisms of NUF2 in tumorigenesis remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed a significant increase in NUF2 expression in HCC tissues and established a correlation between high NUF2 expression and adverse outcomes in HCC patients. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrated that genetic inhibition of NUF2 suppressed the proliferation of HCC cells and disrupted the cell cycle. Further investigation into the molecular mechanisms revealed that NUF2 interacted with ERBB3, inhibiting its ubiquitination degradation, thus activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and influencing cell cycle regulation. Overall, this study revealed the crucial role of NUF2 in promoting the malignant progression of HCC, suggesting its potential as both a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Liu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yuming Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, China
| | - Jifei Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, China
| | - Wangjie Jiang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, China
| | - Yananlan Chen
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, China
| | - Jijun Shan
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, China.
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Giannitrapani L, Amodeo S, Mirarchi L, Terranova A, Seidita A, Mozzini C, Cabibi D, Brancatelli G, Licata A, Soresi M. Changes in the ultrasound presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma: a center's three decades of experience. J Ultrasound 2024; 27:383-391. [PMID: 38583119 PMCID: PMC11178752 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-024-00888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ultrasound (US) surveillance is a cornerstone for early diagnosis of HCC, anyway US presentation has undergone significant changes. With the aim of evaluating the effects of US surveillance program in the real-world clinical practice, we wanted to evaluate US presentation of HCCs over the last 30 years and the differences of HCCs presentation according to etiology. METHODS 174 patients diagnosed between 1993 and 98 (G1), 96 between 2003 and 08 (G2), 102 between 2013 and 18 (G3), were compared. US patterns were: single, multiple or diffuse nodules. The echo-patterns: iso-, hypo-, hyper-echoic, or mixed. In G1, the HCC diagnosis was mainly histologic; in G2 by EASL 2001 and AASLD 2005, in G3 AASLD 2011, EASL 2012, and AISF 2013 guidelines. RESULTS HCV was the most frequent etiology, dropping between G1 (81%) and G3 (66%) (P < 0.01), metabolic increased between G1 (5%) and G3 (14%) (P < 0.01). Single HCC was more prevalent in G3 vs G1 (65.6% vs 40%) (P < 0.0001), multiple nodules in G1 (50%) vs G3 (33.3%) (P < 0.02) and diffuse in G1 (16%) vs G2 (2%) and vs G3 (1%) (P < 0.001). The most frequent echo-pattern was hypo-echoic G1 (50%) vs G2 (79%) and G1 vs G3 (65%) (P < 0.01). Iso-echoic pattern was the least frequent (7-12%). Mixed pattern decreased from G1 (28%) to G3 (12%) (P < 0.002). In G3 there were more multiple or diffuse HCCs in metabolic (P < 0.03). CONCLUSION US presentation became less severe due to surveillance programs. HCV remains the most frequent cause, an increase in metabolic etiology has been shown throughout the decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Giannitrapani
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Amodeo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luigi Mirarchi
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Terranova
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Aurelio Seidita
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Mozzini
- Department of Medicine, ASST Mantova, C. Poma Hospital, Mantua, Italy
| | - Daniela Cabibi
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Brancatelli
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.) Section of Radiological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Licata
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Soresi
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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Jin H, Yang Q, Yang J, Wang F, Feng J, Lei L, Dai M. Exploring tumor organoids for cancer treatment. APL MATERIALS 2024; 12. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0216185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
As a life-threatening chronic disease, cancer is characterized by tumor heterogeneity. This heterogeneity is associated with factors that lead to treatment failure and poor prognosis, including drug resistance, relapse, and metastasis. Therefore, precision medicine urgently needs personalized tumor models that accurately reflect the tumor heterogeneity. Currently, tumor organoid technologies are used to generate in vitro 3D tissues, which have been shown to precisely recapitulate structure, tumor microenvironment, expression profiles, functions, molecular signatures, and genomic alterations in primary tumors. Tumor organoid models are important for identifying potential therapeutic targets, characterizing the effects of anticancer drugs, and exploring novel diagnostic and therapeutic options. In this review, we describe how tumor organoids can be cultured and summarize how researchers can use them as an excellent tool for exploring cancer therapies. In addition, we discuss tumor organoids that have been applied in cancer therapy research and highlight the potential of tumor organoids to guide preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University 1 , Hangzhou 310015, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University 2 , Wenzhou 325200, China
- Ningxia Medical University 3 , Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University 4 , Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University 2 , Wenzhou 325200, China
- Ningxia Medical University 3 , Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Fangyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University 1 , Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jiayin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University 1 , Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University 1 , Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Minghai Dai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University 2 , Wenzhou 325200, China
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Shaban NZ, Hegazy WA, Abu-Serie MM, Talaat IM, Awad OM, Habashy NH. Seedless black Vitis vinifera polyphenols suppress hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo by targeting apoptosis, cancer stem cells, and proliferation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116638. [PMID: 38688169 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive tumor and one of the most challenging cancers to treat. Here, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo ameliorating impacts of seedless black Vitis vinifera (VV) polyphenols on HCC. Following the preparation of the VV crude extract (VVCE) from seedless VV (pulp and skin), three fractions (VVF1, VVF2, and VVF3) were prepared. The anticancer potencies of the prepared fractions, compared to 5-FU, were assessed against HepG2 and Huh7 cells. In addition, the effects of these fractions on p-dimethylaminoazobenzene-induced HCC in mice were evaluated. The predicted impacts of selected phenolic constituents of VV fractions on the activity of essential HCC-associated enzymes (NADPH oxidase "NADPH-NOX2", histone deacetylase 1 "HDAC1", and sepiapterin reductase "SepR") were analyzed using molecular docking. The results showed that VVCE and its fractions induced apoptosis and collapsed CD133+ stem cells in the studied cancer cell lines with an efficiency greater than 5-FU. VVF1 and VVF2 exhibited the most effective anticancer fractions in vitro; therefore, we evaluated their influences in mice. VVF1 and VVF2 improved liver morphology and function, induced apoptosis, and lowered the fold expression of various crucial genes that regulate cancer stem cells and other vital pathways for HCC progression. For most of the examined parameters, VVF1 and VVF2 had higher potency than 5-FU, and VVF1 showed more efficiency than VVF2. The selected phenolic compounds displayed competitive inhibitory action on NADPH-NOX2, HDAC1, and SepR. In conclusion, these findings declare that VV polyphenolic fractions, particularly VVF1, could be promising safe anti-HCC agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Z Shaban
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A Hegazy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Iman M Talaat
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Olfat M Awad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
| | - Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
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Xie Q, Zhao Z, Yang Y, Wang X, Wu W, Jiang H, Hao W, Peng R, Luo C. A clinical-radiomic-pathomic model for prognosis prediction in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical resection. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7374. [PMID: 38864473 PMCID: PMC11167608 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Radical surgery, the first-line treatment for patients with hepatocellular cancer (HCC), faces the dilemma of high early recurrence rates and the inability to predict effectively. We aim to develop and validate a multimodal model combining clinical, radiomics, and pathomics features to predict the risk of early recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited HCC patients who underwent radical surgery and collected their preoperative clinical information, enhanced computed tomography (CT) images, and whole slide images (WSI) of hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stained biopsy sections. After feature screening analysis, independent clinical, radiomics, and pathomics features closely associated with early recurrence were identified. Next, we built 16 models using four combination data composed of three type features, four machine learning algorithms, and 5-fold cross-validation to assess the performance and predictive power of the comparative models. RESULTS Between January 2016 and December 2020, we recruited 107 HCC patients, of whom 45.8% (49/107) experienced early recurrence. After analysis, we identified two clinical features, two radiomics features, and three pathomics features associated with early recurrence. Multimodal machine learning models showed better predictive performance than bimodal models. Moreover, the SVM algorithm showed the best prediction results among the multimodal models. The average area under the curve (AUC), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity, and specificity were 0.863, 0.784, 0.731, and 0.826, respectively. Finally, we constructed a comprehensive nomogram using clinical features, a radiomics score and a pathomics score to provide a reference for predicting the risk of early recurrence. CONCLUSIONS The multimodal models can be used as a primary tool for oncologists to predict the risk of early recurrence after radical HCC surgery, which will help optimize and personalize treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qu Xie
- Department of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary & Gastric Medical OncologyZhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Zeyin Zhao
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yanzhen Yang
- Department of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary & Gastric Medical OncologyZhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Intestinal OncologyZhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of PathologyZhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Haitao Jiang
- Department of RadiologyZhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Weiyuan Hao
- Department of InterventionZhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ruizi Peng
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary & Gastric Medical OncologyZhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
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Jiang S, Xu L, Chen Y, Shu Z, Lv L, Zhao Y, Bi K, Yang S, Wang Q, Li L. Longitudinal gut fungal alterations and potential fungal biomarkers for the progression of primary liver disease. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1183-1198. [PMID: 38413553 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Liver disease, a major health concern worldwide, is a serious and progressive disorder. Herein, we not only established a mouse model of DEN+CCl4-induced primary liver disease but also collected clinical human samples to investigate longitudinal alterations in the gut mycobiome. As liver disease advanced, gut integrity was disrupted, and the mycobiota was disturbed in the mouse models. The metabolites associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differed from those associated with the cirrhotic phase as follows: levels of stercobilin and aflatoxin B1 dialcohol were reduced, while levels of triterpenoids, bafilomycin A1, and DHEA were increased in the HCC group. The abundance of the phylum Chytridiomycota increased as the chronic liver disease progressed and was then replaced by the phylum Ascomycota in HCC. Based on the results from clinical human samples, the genus Candida (Ascomycota) (in humans) and the genus Kazachstania (Ascomycota) (in mice) occupied a dominant position in the HCC group, while other fungi were depleted. The increased abundance of C. albicans and depletion of S. cerevisiae may be hallmarks of the progression of liver cirrhosis to early HCC. Moreover, the administration of C. albicans and S. cerevisiae in the LC-HCC progression could accelerate or retard the progression of HCC. Therefore, gut fungi have the potential to serve as a noninvasive clinical biomarker and even a treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiman Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lvwan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yanfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zheyue Shu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Longxian Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuxi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Kefan Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qiangqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Alexander WB, Wang W, Hill MA, O'Dell MR, Ruffolo LI, Guo B, Jackson KM, Ullman N, Friedland SC, McCall MN, Patel A, Figueroa-Guilliani N, Georger M, Belt BA, Whitney-Miller CL, Linehan DC, Murphy PJ, Hezel AF. Smad4 restricts injury-provoked biliary proliferation and carcinogenesis. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050358. [PMID: 38415925 PMCID: PMC10924230 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a deadly and heterogeneous type of cancer characterized by a spectrum of epidemiologic associations as well as genetic and epigenetic alterations. We seek to understand how these features inter-relate in the earliest phase of cancer development and through the course of disease progression. For this, we studied murine models of liver injury integrating the most commonly occurring gene mutations of CCA - including Kras, Tp53, Arid1a and Smad4 - as well as murine hepatobiliary cancer models and derived primary cell lines based on these mutations. Among commonly mutated genes in CCA, we found that Smad4 functions uniquely to restrict reactive cholangiocyte expansion to liver injury through restraint of the proliferative response. Inactivation of Smad4 accelerates carcinogenesis, provoking pre-neoplastic biliary lesions and CCA development in an injury setting. Expression analyses of Smad4-perturbed reactive cholangiocytes and CCA lines demonstrated shared enriched pathways, including cell-cycle regulation, MYC signaling and oxidative phosphorylation, suggesting that Smad4 may act via these mechanisms to regulate cholangiocyte proliferation and progression to CCA. Overall, we showed that TGFβ/SMAD4 signaling serves as a critical barrier restraining cholangiocyte expansion and malignant transformation in states of biliary injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B. Alexander
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Margaret A. Hill
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Michael R. O'Dell
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Luis I. Ruffolo
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Katherine M. Jackson
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Nicholas Ullman
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Scott C. Friedland
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Matthew N. McCall
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Ankit Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | | | - Mary Georger
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Brian A. Belt
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Christa L. Whitney-Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - David C. Linehan
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Patrick J. Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Aram F. Hezel
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Zou W, Fang Z, Feng Y, Gong S, Li Z, Li M, Sun Y, Ruan X, Fang X, Qu H, Li H. Transcriptomic and genomic characteristics of intrahepatic metastases of primary liver cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:672. [PMID: 38824541 PMCID: PMC11144329 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with primary multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a poor prognosis and often experience a high rate of treatment failure. Multifocal HCC is mainly caused by intrahepatic metastasis (IM), and though portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is considered a hallmark of IM, the molecular mechanism by which primary HCC cells invade the portal veins remains unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize the early signs of metastasis of HCC to arrange better treatment for patients. RESULTS To determine the differential molecular features between primary HCC with and without phenotype of metastasis, we used the CIBERSORTx software to deconvolute cell types from bulk RNA-Seq based on a single-cell transcriptomic dataset. According to the relative abundance of tumorigenic and metastatic hepatoma cells, VEGFA+ macrophages, effector memory T cells, and natural killer cells, HCC samples were divided into five groups: Pro-T, Mix, Pro-Meta, NKC, and MemT, and the transcriptomic and genomic features of the first three groups were analyzed. We found that the Pro-T group appeared to retain native hepatic metabolic activity, whereas the Pro-Meta group underwent dedifferentiation. Genes highly expressed in the group Pro-Meta often signify a worse outcome. CONCLUSIONS The HCC cohort can be well-typed and prognosis predicted according to tumor microenvironment components. Primary hepatocellular carcinoma may have obtained corresponding molecular features before metastasis occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhanjie Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shangjin Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiuyan Ruan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongzhu Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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Yang S, Rong G, Tan H, Liu X, Si S, Zhou R, Wang H, Zhu J, Li X, He Q, Han D. "No-Touch" Left Approach for Recipient Hepatectomy: A Promising Strategy to Minimize Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence in Liver Transplantation. Transplant Direct 2024; 10:e1646. [PMID: 38769986 PMCID: PMC11104727 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Managing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents significant clinical challenges, often necessitating orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). To mitigate the risk of iatrogenic metastasis during OLT and reduce posttransplantation recurrence (PTR), we introduced the "no-touch" left (NTL) approach for recipient hepatectomy in OLT. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, our aim was to compare the safety and PTR rates in patients undergoing OLT via either the NTL technique or the conventional approach for recipient hepatectomy. We included 106 patients who met the Hangzhou criteria and exhibited a high tumor burden in the right lobe, with 50 patients assigned to the NTL group and 56 to the conventional group. The primary endpoint was the 1-y PTR rate, whereas secondary endpoints encompassed the safety of the NTL approach, PTR rates at 2 and 5 y, and overall survival. Results Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics showed no significant differences between the groups. The NTL approach exhibited major surgical outcomes similar to those of the conventional approach. The cumulative PTR rates at 1, 2, and 5 y were 14.0% in the NTL group, compared with 24.5%, 35.8%, and 35.8% in the conventional group (P = 0.013). Cumulative overall survival rates at 1, 2, and 5 y were 94.0%, 91.9%, and 89.7% in the NTL group and 88.7%, 75.5%, and 72.5% in the conventional group (P = 0.03). Conclusions This innovative surgical technique enhances safety and significantly reduces the risk of PTR, leading to improved long-term survival. Further prospective studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up periods are needed to validate our findings and establish the NTL approach as a standard practice in OLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liver Transplant Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghua Rong
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy, the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Tan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liver Transplant Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liver Transplant Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Si
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liver Transplant Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiquan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liver Transplant Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haotong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liver Transplant Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiqiao Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xianliang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liver Transplant Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Xue Y, Ruan Y, Wang Y, Xiao P, Xu J. Signaling pathways in liver cancer: pathogenesis and targeted therapy. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:20. [PMID: 38816668 PMCID: PMC11139849 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide with high incidence and mortality rates. Due to its subtle onset, liver cancer is commonly diagnosed at a late stage when surgical interventions are no longer feasible. This situation highlights the critical role of systemic treatments, including targeted therapies, in bettering patient outcomes. Despite numerous studies on the mechanisms underlying liver cancer, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the only widely used clinical inhibitors, represented by sorafenib, whose clinical application is greatly limited by the phenomenon of drug resistance. Here we show an in-depth discussion of the signaling pathways frequently implicated in liver cancer pathogenesis and the inhibitors targeting these pathways under investigation or already in use in the management of advanced liver cancer. We elucidate the oncogenic roles of these pathways in liver cancer especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as the current state of research on inhibitors respectively. Given that TKIs represent the sole class of targeted therapeutics for liver cancer employed in clinical practice, we have particularly focused on TKIs and the mechanisms of the commonly encountered phenomena of its resistance during HCC treatment. This necessitates the imperative development of innovative targeted strategies and the urgency of overcoming the existing limitations. This review endeavors to shed light on the utilization of targeted therapy in advanced liver cancer, with a vision to improve the unsatisfactory prognostic outlook for those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yeling Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Junjie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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49
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Gao YF, Liu YQ, Zhang H, Zhang MY. Proteo-genomic characterization of cirrhosis-associated liver cancers reveals potential subtypes and therapeutic targets. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03517-1. [PMID: 38806996 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify potential subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with cirrhosis and to investigate key markers using bioinformatic analysis of gene expression datasets-0. METHODS Three data sets (GSE17548, GSE56140, and GSE87630) were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and normalized using the Limma package in R. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis was performed to examine data distribution and identify subtypes. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using the Limma software package. Protein-protein interaction analysis and functional annotation were performed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Important signaling pathways and processes were identified using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Pathway Analysis. RESULTS The analysis revealed different subtypes of HCC associated with cirrhosis and identified several key genes, including CCNB2, MCM4, and CDC20, with strong binding power and prognostic value. Functional annotation indicated involvement in cell cycle regulation and metabolic pathways. ROC analysis showed high sensitivity and specificity of these genes in predicting HCC prognosis. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CCNB2, MCM4, and CDC20 may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting HCC prognosis in patients with cirrhosis and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Gao
- Department of Research and Discipline Construction, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Weiwu Road No. 7, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Yang-Qing Liu
- Department of Research and Discipline Construction, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Weiwu Road No. 7, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Research and Discipline Construction, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Weiwu Road No. 7, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Meng-Yi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
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50
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Oh H, Kim J, Jung SH, Ha TH, Ahn YG, Nam G, Moon K, Singh P, Kim IS. Discovery of 2,6-Naphthyridine Analogues as Selective FGFR4 Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Med Chem 2024; 67:8445-8459. [PMID: 38706130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and is responsible for 90% of cases. Approximately 30% of patients diagnosed with HCC are identified as displaying an aberrant expression of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19)-fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) as an oncogenic-driver pathway. Therefore, the control of the FGF19-FGFR4 signaling pathway with selective FGFR4 inhibitors can be a promising therapy for the treatment of HCC. We herein disclose the design and synthesis of novel FGFR4 inhibitors containing a 2,6-naphthyridine scaffold. Compound 11 displayed a nanomolar potency against Huh7 cell lines and high selectivity over FGFR1-3 that were comparable to that of fisogatinib (8) as a reference standard. Additionally, compound 11 demonstrated remarkable antitumor efficacy in the Huh7 and Hep3B HCC xenograft mouse model. Moreover, bioluminescence imaging experiments with the orthotopic mouse model support that compound 11 can be considered a promising candidate for treating HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4/metabolism
- Humans
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Mice
- Naphthyridines/pharmacology
- Naphthyridines/chemical synthesis
- Naphthyridines/chemistry
- Naphthyridines/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Drug Discovery
- Mice, Nude
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
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Affiliation(s)
- Heesook Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Hanmi Research Center, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisook Kim
- Hanmi Research Center, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18469, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Jung
- Hanmi Research Center, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18469, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Ha
- Hanmi Research Center, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18469, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Gil Ahn
- Hanmi Research Center, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18469, Republic of Korea
| | - Gibeom Nam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongwon Moon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Pargat Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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