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Deshmukh A, Sood V, Lal BB, Khanna R, Alam S, Sarin SK. Effect of Indo-Mediterranean diet versus calorie-restricted diet in children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A pilot randomized control trial. Pediatr Obes 2024:e13163. [PMID: 39223952 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary interventions and increased physical activity are the cornerstones for management of the paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Though, no specific diet has been proven superior, Indo-Mediterranean diet (IMD) has shown promise in adult literature. Thus, we aimed to compare the effect of IMD and a standard calorie-restricted diet (CRD) in Indian overweight children and adolescents with biopsy-proven NAFLD. METHODS Thirty-nine consecutive biopsy-proven NAFLD children between the ages of 8 and 18 years were randomized into either IMD or CRD for 180 days, and various parameters were evaluated at baseline and then after 180 days (NCT05073588). RESULTS A total of 34 subjects (18 in IMD and 16 in CRD group) completed the study. There was a significantly higher decrease in controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) values (as a marker of hepatic steatosis; on transient elastography) (95% CI: 4.2-73.4, p = 0.042), weight (95% CI: 0.75-5.5, p = 0.046) and body mass index (BMI) (95% CI: 0.21-2.05, p = 0.014) (but not in Pediatric NAFLD Fibrosis Index or PNFI; as a marker of hepatic fibrosis) in IMD group compared to the CRD group. Liver stiffness measurement, serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels and HOMA-IR decreased only in the IMD group (p < 0.001). Our statistical model showed that delta-Weight was the only independent variable associated with delta-CAP. CONCLUSION Both IMD and CRD can improve the various anthropometric, clinical, imaging and biochemical parameters but IMD was superior to CRD in terms of reducing CAP values and weight/BMI over 180 days in overweight/obese NAFLD children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Deshmukh
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikrant Sood
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bikrant Bihari Lal
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeev Khanna
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Alam
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Guo H, Zions VS, Law BA, Hewitt KC. Potential of Raman-Reflectance Combination in Quantifying Liver Steatosis and Fat Droplet Size: Evidence From Monte Carlo Simulations and Phantom Studies. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024:e202400156. [PMID: 39223068 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This study explores a combined strategy of Raman and reflectance spectroscopy for quantifying liver fat content and fat droplet size, crucial in assessing donor livers. By using Monte Carlo simulations and experimental setups with oil-in-water phantoms, our findings indicate that Raman scattering can solely differentiate between varying fat contents. At the same time, reflectance intensity is influenced by both fat content and oil droplet size, with a more pronounced sensitivity to fat droplet size. This study demonstrates the efficacy of combined Raman and reflectance spectroscopy in assessing liver steatosis and fat droplet size, potentially aiding in assessing donor livers for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Medical Physics, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Vanessa S Zions
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Brent A Law
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kevin C Hewitt
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Lee SH, Lin TA, Yan YH, Chien CC, Cheng TJ. Hepatic and metabolic outcomes induced by sub-chronic exposure to polystyrene microplastics in mice. Arch Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s00204-024-03847-7. [PMID: 39183192 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03847-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have attracted significant attention due to their global distribution in living environments. Although some studies have reported MP-induced hepatotoxicity in mouse models, a systematic approach to MP-mediated liver toxicity was still lacking. Therefore, we used a mouse model to study the sub-chronic effects of MP exposure on the liver. Female C57BL/6 mice, aged 6 weeks, received an oral administration of 0.3 mg of Nile Red-labeled polystyrene (PS) microplastics, with particle sizes of 0.5 µm (submicron) and 5 µm (micron), via gavage, while control mice received vehicle only. Each mouse was exposed to MPs twice a week for 12 weeks. After sacrifice, the levels of MP accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and pathological changes were measured in the mouse liver, and blood samples were collected for serum biochemistry analysis. Our results demonstrated that 0.5 µm PS-MPs were accumulated in mouse livers post-MP exposure, but not in the 5 µm MP exposure group. Simultaneously, increased levels of glucose, triglyceride, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), superoxide dismutase, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-mercapturic acid (HNE-MA), interleukin-6, and lipid droplets were found in the 0.5 µm MP exposure group, while the fewer responses, including elevated liver weight index, glucose, high-density lipoprotein, AST, and decreased HNE-MA were observed in 5 µm MP exposure group. These results indicate that sub-chronic exposure to submicron MPs causes MP deposition in mouse livers, which further induces oxidative stress, increases inflammatory cytokines and perturbs glucose and lipid homeostasis, which might trigger more severe metabolic dysfunction or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-like hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Han Lee
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-An Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Rd, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Horng Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chun Chien
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Rd, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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Chen C, Liu XC, Deng B. Protective Effects of Berberine on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in db/db Mice via AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway Activation. Curr Med Sci 2024:10.1007/s11596-024-2914-y. [PMID: 39039374 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-024-2914-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Berberine (BBR) has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS In this study, db/db mice were chosen as an animal model for NAFLD. A total of 10 healthy C57BL/6J mice and 30 db/db mice were randomly allocated to one of 4 groups: the normal control (NC) group, the diabetic control (DC) group, the Metformin (MET) therapy group, and the BBR therapy group. The total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in the serum were measured. The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) levels in liver tissue were measured. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), acid-Schiff (PAS) and TUNEL stanning was performed for histopathological analysis. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were conducted to detect the expression levels of key proteins in the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway. RESULTS BBR could improve lipid metabolism, attenuate hepatic steatosis and alleviate liver injury significantly. The excessive oxidative stress, high levels of inflammation and abnormal apoptosis in db/db mice were reversed after BBR intervention. BBR clearly changed the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and their downstream proteins. CONCLUSION BBR could reverse NAFLD-related liver injury, likely by activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway to inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in hepatic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434020, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiao-Cui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Chakraborty S, Anand S, Bhandari RK. Medaka liver developed Human NAFLD-NASH transcriptional signatures in response to ancestral bisphenol A exposure. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4585175. [PMID: 39070641 PMCID: PMC11275980 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4585175/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The progression of fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading cause of death in humans. Lifestyles and environmental chemical exposures can increase the susceptibility of humans to NASH. In humans, the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in urine is associated with fatty liver disease, but whether ancestral BPA exposure leads to the activation of human NAFLD-NASH-associated genes in the unexposed descendants is unclear. In this study, using medaka fish as an animal model for human NAFLD, we investigated the transcriptional signatures of human NAFLD-NASH and their associated roles in the pathogenesis of the liver of fish that were not directly exposed, but their ancestors were exposed to BPA during embryonic and perinatal development three generations prior. Comparison of bulk RNA-Seq data of the liver in BPA lineage male and female medaka with publicly available human NAFLD-NASH patient data revealed transgenerational alterations in the transcriptional signature of human NAFLD-NASH in medaka liver. Twenty percent of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were upregulated in both human NAFLD patients and medaka. Specifically in females, among the total shared DEGs in the liver of BPA lineage fish and NAFLD patient groups, 27.69% were downregulated, and 20% were upregulated. Of all DEGs, 52.31% of DEGs were found in ancestral BPA-lineage females, suggesting that NAFLD in females shared the majority of human NAFLD gene networks. Pathway analysis revealed beta-oxidation, lipoprotein metabolism, and HDL/LDL-mediated transport processes linked to downregulated DEGs in BPA lineage males and females. In contrast, the expression of genes encoding lipogenesis-related proteins was significantly elevated in the liver of BPA lineage females only. BPA lineage females exhibiting activation of myc, atf4, xbp1, stat4, and cancerous pathways, as well as inactivation of igf1, suggest their possible association with an advanced NAFLD phenotype. The present results suggest that gene networks involved in the progression of human NAFLD and the transgenerational NAFLD in medaka are conserved and that medaka can be an excellent animal model to understand the development and progression of liver disease and environmental influences in the liver.
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Qadri S, Yki-Järvinen H. Surveillance of the liver in type 2 diabetes: important but unfeasible? Diabetologia 2024; 67:961-973. [PMID: 38334817 PMCID: PMC11058902 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Fatty liver plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. According to an updated classification, any individual with liver steatosis and one or more features of the metabolic syndrome, without excess alcohol consumption or other known causes of steatosis, has metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Up to 60-70% of all individuals with type 2 diabetes have MASLD. However, the prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis in type 2 diabetes remains uncertain, with reported estimates of 10-20% relying on imaging tests and likely overestimating the true prevalence. All stages of MASLD impact prognosis but fibrosis is the best predictor of all-cause and liver-related mortality risk. People with type 2 diabetes face a two- to threefold increase in the risk of liver-related death and hepatocellular carcinoma, with 1.3% progressing to severe liver disease over 7.7 years. Because reliable methods for detecting steatosis are lacking, MASLD mostly remains an incidental finding on imaging. Regardless, several medical societies advocate for universal screening of individuals with type 2 diabetes for advanced fibrosis. Proposed screening pathways involve annual calculation of the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, followed by a secondary test such as transient elastography (TE) for intermediate-to-high-risk individuals. However, owing to unsatisfactory biomarker specificity, these pathways are expected to channel approximately 40% of all individuals with type 2 diabetes to TE and 20% to tertiary care, with a false discovery rate of up to 80%, raising concerns about feasibility. There is thus an urgent need to develop more effective strategies for surveying the liver in type 2 diabetes. Nonetheless, weight loss through lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy or bariatric surgery remains the cornerstone of management, proving highly effective not only for metabolic comorbidities but also for MASLD. Emerging evidence suggests that fibrosis biomarkers may serve as tools for risk-based targeting of weight-loss interventions and potentially for monitoring response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Qadri
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Yki-Järvinen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland.
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7
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Chakraborty S, Anand S, Bhandari RK. Sex-specific expression of the human NAFLD-NASH transcriptional signatures in the liver of medaka with a history of ancestral bisphenol A exposure. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.19.594843. [PMID: 38826193 PMCID: PMC11142124 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.19.594843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The progression of fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading cause of death in humans. Lifestyles and environmental chemical exposures can increase the susceptibility of humans to NASH. In humans, the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in urine is associated with fatty liver disease, but whether ancestral BPA exposure leads to the activation of human NAFLD-NASH-associated genes in the unexposed descendants is unclear. In this study, using medaka fish as an animal model for human NAFLD, we investigated the transcriptional signatures of human NAFLD-NASH and their associated roles in the pathogenesis of the liver of fish who were not directly exposed but their ancestors were exposed to BPA during embryonic and perinatal development three generations prior. Comparison of bulk RNA-Seq data of the liver in BPA lineage male and female medaka with publicly available human NAFLD-NASH patient data revealed transgenerational alterations in the transcriptional signature of human NAFLD-NASH in medaka liver. Twenty percent of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were upregulated in both human NAFLD patients and medaka. Specifically in females, among the total shared DEGs in the liver of BPA lineage fish and NAFLD patient groups, 27.69% DEGs were downregulated and 20% DEGs were upregulated. Off all DEGs, 52.31% DEGs were found in ancestral BPA-lineage females, suggesting that NAFLD in females shared majority of human NAFLD gene networks. Pathway analysis revealed beta-oxidation, lipoprotein metabolism, and HDL/LDL-mediated transport processes linked to downregulated DEGs in BPA lineage males and females. In contrast, the expression of genes encoding lipogenesis-related proteins was significantly elevated in the liver of BPA lineage females only. BPA lineage females exhibiting activation of myc, atf4, xbp1, stat4, and cancerous pathways, as well as inactivation of igf1, suggest their possible association with an advanced NAFLD phenotype. The present results suggest that gene networks involved in the progression of human NAFLD and the transgenerational NAFLD in medaka are conserved and that medaka can be an excellent animal model to understand the development and progression of liver disease and environmental influences in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chakraborty
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
| | - Santosh Anand
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
| | - Ramji Kumar Bhandari
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
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Luo X, Guo J, Deng H, He Z, Wen Y, Si Z, Li J. Unveiling the role of disulfidptosis-related genes in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1386905. [PMID: 38812509 PMCID: PMC11133613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1386905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) presents as a common liver disease characterized by an indistinct pathogenesis. Disulfidptosis is a recently identified mode of cell death. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Methods Gene expression profiles were obtained from the bulk RNA dataset GSE126848 and the single-cell RNA dataset GSE136103, both associated with NAFLD. Our study assessed the expression of DRGs in NAFLD and normal tissues. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis were employed to identify the key NAFLD-specific differentially expressed DRGs (DE-DRGs). To explore the biological functions and immune regulatory roles of these key DE-DRGs, we conducted immune infiltration analysis, functional enrichment analysis, consensus clustering analysis, and single-cell differential state analysis. Finally, we validated the expression and biological functions of DRGs in NAFLD patients using histology and RNA-sequencing transcriptomic assays with human liver tissue samples. Results Through the intersection of WGCNA, differentially expressed genes, and DRGs, two key DE-DRGs (DSTN and MYL6) were identified. Immune infiltration analysis indicated a higher proportion of macrophages, T cells, and resting dendritic cells in NAFLD compared to control liver samples. Based on the key DE-DRGs, Two disulfidptosis clusters were defined in GSE126848. Cluster 1, with higher expression of the key DE-DRGs, exhibited increased immune infiltration abundance and was closely associated with oxidative stress and immune regulation compared to cluster 2. High-resolution analysis of mononuclear phagocytes highlighted the potential role of MYL6 in intrahepatic M1 phenotype Kupffer cells in NAFLD patients. Our transcriptome data revealed that the expression levels of the majority of DRGs were significantly increased in NAFLD patients. NAFLD patients exhibit elevated MYL6 correlating with inflammation, oxidative stress, and disease severity, offering promising diagnostic specificity. Conclusion This comprehensive study provides evidence for the association between NAFLD and disulfidptosis, identifying potential target genes and pathways in NAFLD. The identification of MYL6 as a possible treatment target for NAFLD provided a novel understanding of the disease's development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhongzhou Si
- Department of Liver Transplant, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiequn Li
- Department of Liver Transplant, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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9
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Wu IT, Yeh WJ, Huang WC, Yang HY. Very low-carbohydrate diet with higher protein ratio improves lipid metabolism and inflammation in rats with diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 126:109583. [PMID: 38244701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly associated with obesity, and it is mainly treated through lifestyle modifications. The very low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD) can help lose weight rapidly but the possible effects of extreme dietary patterns on lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses in individuals with NAFLD remain debatable. Moreover, VLCD protein content may affect its effectiveness in weight loss, steatosis, and inflammatory responses. Therefore, we investigated the effects of VLCDs with different protein contents in NAFLD rats and the mechanisms underlying these effects. After a 16-week inducing period, the rats received an isocaloric normal diet (NC group) or a VLCD with high or low protein content (NVLH vs. NVLL group, energy ratio:protein/carbohydrate/lipid=20/1/79 vs. 6/1/93) for the next 8 weeks experimental period. We noted that the body weight decreased in both the NVLH and NVLL groups; nevertheless, the NVLH group demonstrated improvements in ketosis. The NVLL group led to hepatic lipid accumulation, possibly by increasing very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) expression and elevating liver oxidative stress, subsequently activating the expression of Nrf2, and inflammation through the TLR4/TRIF/NLRP3 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. The NVLH was noted to prevent the changes in VLDLR and the TLR4-inflammasome pathway partially. The VLCD also reduced the diversity of gut microbiota and changed their composition. In conclusion, although low-protein VLCD consumption reduces BW, it may also lead to metabolic disorders and changes in microbiota composition; nevertheless, a VLCD with high protein content may partially alleviate these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ting Wu
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Yeh
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chih Huang
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Taipei Institute of Pathology, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Yang
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Ramirez Bustamante CE, Agarwal N, Cox AR, Hartig SM, Lake JE, Balasubramanyam A. Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and Energy Balance Paradigms in People Living With HIV. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:190-209. [PMID: 37556371 PMCID: PMC10911955 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 4 decades, the clinical care of people living with HIV (PLWH) evolved from treatment of acute opportunistic infections to the management of chronic, noncommunicable comorbidities. Concurrently, our understanding of adipose tissue function matured to acknowledge its important endocrine contributions to energy balance. PLWH experience changes in the mass and composition of adipose tissue depots before and after initiating antiretroviral therapy, including regional loss (lipoatrophy), gain (lipohypertrophy), or mixed lipodystrophy. These conditions may coexist with generalized obesity in PLWH and reflect disturbances of energy balance regulation caused by HIV persistence and antiretroviral therapy drugs. Adipocyte hypertrophy characterizes visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue depot expansion, as well as ectopic lipid deposition that occurs diffusely in the liver, skeletal muscle, and heart. PLWH with excess visceral adipose tissue exhibit adipokine dysregulation coupled with increased insulin resistance, heightening their risk for cardiovascular disease above that of the HIV-negative population. However, conventional therapies are ineffective for the management of cardiometabolic risk in this patient population. Although the knowledge of complex cardiometabolic comorbidities in PLWH continues to expand, significant knowledge gaps remain. Ongoing studies aimed at understanding interorgan communication and energy balance provide insights into metabolic observations in PLWH and reveal potential therapeutic targets. Our review focuses on current knowledge and recent advances in HIV-associated adipose tissue dysfunction, highlights emerging adipokine paradigms, and describes critical mechanistic and clinical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia E Ramirez Bustamante
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Neeti Agarwal
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aaron R Cox
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sean M Hartig
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jordan E Lake
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ashok Balasubramanyam
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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11
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Li S, Duan F, Li S, Lu B. Administration of silymarin in NAFLD/NASH: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Hepatol 2024; 29:101174. [PMID: 38579127 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2023.101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease with a high prevalence worldwide and poses serious harm to human health. There is growing evidence suggesting that the administration of specific supplements or nutrients may slow NAFLD progression. Silymarin is a hepatoprotective extract of milk thistle, but its efficacy in NAFLD remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, clinicaltrails.gov, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure and were screened according to the eligibility criteria. Data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. Continuous values and dichotomous values were pooled using the standard mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio (OR). Heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochran's Q test (I2 statistic). A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 26 randomized controlled trials involving 2,375 patients were included in this study. Administration of silymarin significantly reduced the levels of TC (SMD[95%CI]=-0.85[-1.23, -0.47]), TG (SMD[95%CI]=-0.62[-1.14, -0.10]), LDL-C (SMD[95%CI]=-0.81[-1.31, -0.31]), FI (SMD[95%CI]=-0.59[-0.91, -0.28]) and HOMA-IR (SMD[95%CI]=-0.37[-0.77, 0.04]), and increased the level of HDL-C (SMD[95%CI]=0.46[0.03, 0.89]). In addition, silymarin attenuated liver injury as indicated by the decreased levels of ALT (SMD[95%CI]=-12.39[-19.69, -5.08]) and AST (SMD[95% CI]=-10.97[-15.51, -6.43]). The levels of fatty liver index (SMD[95%CI]=-6.64[-10.59, -2.69]) and fatty liver score (SMD[95%CI]=-0.51[-0.69, -0.33]) were also decreased. Liver histology of the intervention group revealed significantly improved hepatic steatosis (OR[95%CI]=3.25[1.80, 5.87]). CONCLUSIONS Silymarin can regulate energy metabolism, attenuate liver damage, and improve liver histology in NAFLD patients. However, the effects of silymarin will need to be confirmed by further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudi Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Fei Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Suling Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Baoping Lu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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12
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Wu M, Wang J, Zhou W, Wang M, Hu C, Zhou M, Jiao K, Li Z. Vitamin D inhibits tamoxifen-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through a nonclassical estrogen receptor/liver X receptor pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 389:110865. [PMID: 38191086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is one of the common side effects of tamoxifen treatment for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, and is representative of disorders of energy metabolism. Fatty liver is induced after tamoxifen (TAM) inhibition of estrogen receptor activity, but the exact mechanism is not clear. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of TAM-induced steatosis in the liver. The effects and mechanisms of TAM on hepatocyte lipid metabolism were assessed using C57BL/6 female mice and human hepatoma cells. TAM promoted fat accumulation in the liver by upregulation of Srebp-1c expression. Regarding the molecular mechanism, TAM promoted the recruitment of the auxiliary transcriptional activator, p300, and dissociated the auxiliary transcriptional repressor, nuclear receptor corepressor (NCOR), of the complexes, which led to enhancement of Srebp-1c transcription and an increase of triglyceride (TG) synthesis. Vitamin D (VD), a common fat-soluble vitamin, can decrease TAM-induced NAFLD by promoting p300 dissociation and NCOR recruitment. Tamoxifen promoted the recruitment and dissociation of co-transcription factors on the LXR/ER/RXR receptor complex, leading to a disorder of liver lipid metabolism. VD interfered with TAM-induced liver lipid metabolism disorders by reversing this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxuan Wu
- Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Jie Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wanqing Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Mengting Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chunyan Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Kailin Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
| | - Zhong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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13
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Bu KB, Kim M, Shin MK, Lee SH, Sung JS. Regulation of Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Hepatic Lipid Accumulation through CYP1B1-Induced mTOR-Mediated Lipophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1324. [PMID: 38279324 PMCID: PMC10816991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is caused by lipid accumulation within the liver. The pathogenesis underlying its development is poorly understood. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and a group 1 carcinogen. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation by B[a]P induces cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, contributing to hepatic lipid accumulation. However, the molecular mechanism through which the B[a]P-mediated induction of CYP enzymes causes hepatic lipid accumulation is unknown. This research was conducted to elucidate the role of CYP1B1 in regulating B[a]P-induced lipid accumulation within hepatocytes. B[a]P increased hepatic lipid accumulation, which was mitigated by CYP1B1 knockdown. An increase in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by B[a]P was specifically reduced by CYP1B1 knockdown. The reduction of mTOR increased the expression of autophagic flux-related genes and promoted phagolysosome formation. Both the expression and translocation of TFE3, a central regulator of lipophagy, were induced, along with the expression of lipophagy-related genes. Conversely, enhanced mTOR activity reduced TFE3 expression and translocation, which reduced the expression of lipophagy-related genes, diminished phagolysosome production, and increased lipid accumulation. Our results indicate that B[a]P-induced hepatic lipid accumulation is caused by CYP1B1-induced mTOR and the reduction of lipophagy, thereby introducing novel targets and mechanisms to provide insights for understanding B[a]P-induced MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (K.-B.B.); (M.K.); (M.K.S.); (S.-H.L.)
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14
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Feng WW, Bang S, Takacs EM, Day C, Crawford KJ, Al-Sheyab R, Almufarrej DB, Wells W, Ilchenko S, Kasumov T, Kon N, Novak CM, Gu W, Kurokawa M. Hepatic Huwe1 loss protects mice from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through lipid metabolic rewiring. iScience 2023; 26:108405. [PMID: 38047073 PMCID: PMC10692727 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most pervasive liver pathology worldwide. Here, we demonstrate that the ubiquitin E3 ligase Huwe1 is vital in NAFLD pathogenesis. Using mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing, we reveal that liver-specific deletion of Huwe1 (Huwe1LKO) in 1-year-old mice (approximately middle age in humans) elicits extensive lipid metabolic reprogramming that involves downregulation of de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid uptake, upregulation of fatty acid β-oxidation, and increased oxidative phosphorylation. ChEA transcription factor prediction analysis inferred these changes result from attenuated PPARɑ, LXR, and RXR activity in Huwe1LKO livers. Consequently, Huwe1LKO mice fed chow diet exhibited significantly reduced hepatic steatosis and superior glucose tolerance compared to wild-type mice. Huwe1LKO also conferred protection from high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by 6-months of age, with increasingly robust differences observed as mice reached middle age. Together, we present evidence that Huwe1 plays a critical role in the development of age- and diet-induced NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W. Feng
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Scott Bang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Eric M. Takacs
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Cora Day
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | | | - Ruba Al-Sheyab
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
| | - Dara B. Almufarrej
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
| | - Wendy Wells
- Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Serguei Ilchenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Takhar Kasumov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Ning Kon
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Colleen M. Novak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Manabu Kurokawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
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15
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Oh E, Lee J, Cho S, Kim SW, Won K, Shin WS, Gwak SH, Ha J, Jeon SY, Park JH, Song IS, Thoudam T, Lee IK, Kim S, Choi SY, Kim KT. Gossypetin Prevents the Progression of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Regulating Oxidative Stress and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase. Mol Pharmacol 2023; 104:214-229. [PMID: 37595967 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.123.000675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe liver metabolic disorder, however, there are still no effective and safe drugs for its treatment. Previous clinical trials used various therapeutic approaches to target individual pathologic mechanisms, but these approaches were unsuccessful because of the complex pathologic causes of NASH. Combinatory therapy in which two or more drugs are administered simultaneously to patients with NASH, however, carries the risk of side effects associated with each individual drug. To solve this problem, we identified gossypetin as an effective dual-targeting agent that activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and decreases oxidative stress. Administration of gossypetin decreased hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation and liver fibrosis in the liver tissue of mice with choline-deficient high-fat diet and methionine-choline deficient diet (MCD) diet-induced NASH. Gossypetin functioned directly as an antioxidant agent, decreasing hydrogen peroxide and palmitate-induced oxidative stress in the AML12 cells and liver tissue of MCD diet-fed mice without regulating the antioxidant response factors. In addition, gossypetin acted as a novel AMPK activator by binding to the allosteric drug and metabolite site, which stabilizes the activated structure of AMPK. Our findings demonstrate that gossypetin has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic agent for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease /NASH. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study demonstrates that gossypetin has preventive effect to progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) as a novel AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator and antioxidants. Our findings indicate that simultaneous activation of AMPK and oxidative stress using gossypetin has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic approach for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease /NASH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Jae Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Sungji Cho
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Sung Wook Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Kyung Won
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Won Sik Shin
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Seung Hee Gwak
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - So Yeon Jeon
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Jin-Hyang Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Im-Sook Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Themis Thoudam
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Seonyong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Se-Young Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
| | - Kyong-Tai Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Republic of Korea (E.O., J.L., S.C., S.W.K., K.W.J., W.S.S., S.H.G., K-T.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.H.); College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.); College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (J-H.P., I.-M.S.); Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (T.T., I.-K.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea (I.-K.L.); Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.K., S-Y.C.); and Generative Genomics Research Center, Global Green Research & Development Center, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea (K.-T.K.)
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16
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Shi Y, Qi W. Histone Modifications in NAFLD: Mechanisms and Potential Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14653. [PMID: 37834101 PMCID: PMC10572202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive condition that encompasses a spectrum of liver disorders, beginning with the simple steatosis, progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and possibly leading to more severe diseases, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In recent years, the prevalence of NAFLD has increased due to a shift towards energy-dense dietary patterns and a sedentary lifestyle. NAFLD is also strongly associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and hyperlipidemia. The progression of NAFLD could be influenced by a variety of factors, such as diet, genetic factors, and even epigenetic factors. In contrast to genetic factors, epigenetic factors, including histone modifications, exhibit dynamic and reversible features. Therefore, the epigenetic regulation of the initiation and progression of NAFLD is one of the directions under intensive investigation in terms of pathogenic mechanisms and possible therapeutic interventions. This review aims to discuss the possible mechanisms and the crucial role of histone modifications in the framework of epigenetic regulation in NAFLD, which may provide potential therapeutic targets and a scientific basis for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Shi
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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Chen F, Schönberger K, Tchorz JS. Distinct hepatocyte identities in liver homeostasis and regeneration. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100779. [PMID: 37456678 PMCID: PMC10339260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of metabolic liver zonation is spontaneously established by assigning distributed tasks to hepatocytes along the porto-central blood flow. Hepatocytes fulfil critical metabolic functions, while also maintaining hepatocyte mass by replication when needed. Recent technological advances have enabled us to fine-tune our understanding of hepatocyte identity during homeostasis and regeneration. Subsets of hepatocytes have been identified to be more regenerative and some have even been proposed to function like stem cells, challenging the long-standing view that all hepatocytes are similarly capable of regeneration. The latest data show that hepatocyte renewal during homeostasis and regeneration after liver injury is not limited to rare hepatocytes; however, hepatocytes are not exactly the same. Herein, we review the known differences that give individual hepatocytes distinct identities, recent findings demonstrating how these distinct identities correspond to differences in hepatocyte regenerative capacity, and how the plasticity of hepatocyte identity allows for division of labour among hepatocytes. We further discuss how these distinct hepatocyte identities may play a role during liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Jan S. Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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18
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Chang C, Li H, Zhang R. Zebrafish facilitate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease research: Tools, models and applications. Liver Int 2023; 43:1385-1398. [PMID: 37122203 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an increasingly epidemic metabolic disease worldwide. NAFLD can gradually deteriorate from simple liver steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis to liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. Zebrafish are vertebrate animal models that are genetically and metabolically conserved with mammals and have unique advantages such as high fecundity, rapid development ex utero and optical transparency. These features have rendered zebrafish an emerging model system for liver diseases and metabolic diseases favoured by many researchers in recent years. In the present review, we summarize a series of tools for zebrafish NAFLD research and the models established through different dietary feeding, hepatotoxic chemical treatments and genetic manipulations via transgenic or genome editing technologies. We also discuss how zebrafish models facilitate NAFLD studies by providing novel insights into NAFLD pathogenesis, toxicology research, and drug evaluation and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huicong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China
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19
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Zhao Y, Wang H, He T, Ma B, Chen G, Tzeng C. Knockdown of Yap attenuates TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis by interaction with hedgehog signals. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00775-6. [PMID: 37338798 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is an aberrant wound healing response to tissue injury characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition and loss of normal liver architecture. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is regards to be the major process in liver fibrogenesis which is dynamic and reversible. Both Hippo signaling core factor Yap and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling promote HSCs transdifferentiation thereby regulating the repair process of liver injury. However, the molecular function of YAP and the regulation between Yap and Hh during fibrogenesis remain uncertain. In this study, the essential roles of Yap in liver fibrosis were investigated. Yap was detected to be increased in liver fibrotic tissue by the thioacetamide (TAA)-induced zebrafish embryonic and adult models. Inhibition of Yap by both embryonic morpholino interference and adult's inhibitor treatment was proved to alleviate TAA-induced liver lesions by and histology and gene expression examination. Transcriptomic analysis and gene expression detection showed that Yap and Hh signaling pathway have a cross talking upon TAA-induced liver fibrosis. In addition, TAA induction promoted the nuclear colocalization of YAP and Hh signaling factor GLI2α. This study demonstrates that Yap and Hh play synergistic protective roles in liver fibrotic response and provides new theoretical insight concerning the mechanisms of fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - Huiling Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Tianhua He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Guoguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Chimeng Tzeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
- Translational Medicine Research Center-Key Laboratory for Cancer T-Cell Theragnostic and Clinical Translation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital Medical Research Center, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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20
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Guglielmo FF, Barr RG, Yokoo T, Ferraioli G, Lee JT, Dillman JR, Horowitz JM, Jhaveri KS, Miller FH, Modi RY, Mojtahed A, Ohliger MA, Pirasteh A, Reeder SB, Shanbhogue K, Silva AC, Smith EN, Surabhi VR, Taouli B, Welle CL, Yeh BM, Venkatesh SK. Liver Fibrosis, Fat, and Iron Evaluation with MRI and Fibrosis and Fat Evaluation with US: A Practical Guide for Radiologists. Radiographics 2023; 43:e220181. [PMID: 37227944 DOI: 10.1148/rg.220181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative imaging biomarkers of liver disease measured by using MRI and US are emerging as important clinical tools in the management of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Because of their high accuracy and noninvasive nature, in many cases, these techniques have replaced liver biopsy for the diagnosis, quantitative staging, and treatment monitoring of patients with CLD. The most commonly evaluated imaging biomarkers are surrogates for liver fibrosis, fat, and iron. MR elastography is now routinely performed to evaluate for liver fibrosis and typically combined with MRI-based liver fat and iron quantification to exclude or grade hepatic steatosis and iron overload, respectively. US elastography is also widely performed to evaluate for liver fibrosis and has the advantage of lower equipment cost and greater availability compared with those of MRI. Emerging US fat quantification methods can be performed along with US elastography. The author group, consisting of members of the Society of Abdominal Radiology (SAR) Liver Fibrosis Disease-Focused Panel (DFP), the SAR Hepatic Iron Overload DFP, and the European Society of Radiology, review the basics of liver fibrosis, fat, and iron quantification with MRI and liver fibrosis and fat quantification with US. The authors cover technical requirements, typical case display, quality control and proper measurement technique and case interpretation guidelines, pitfalls, and confounding factors. The authors aim to provide a practical guide for radiologists interpreting these examinations. © RSNA, 2023 See the invited commentary by Ronot in this issue. Quiz questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavius F Guglielmo
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Richard G Barr
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Takeshi Yokoo
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Giovanna Ferraioli
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - James T Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Jonathan R Dillman
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Jeanne M Horowitz
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Kartik S Jhaveri
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Frank H Miller
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Roshan Y Modi
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Amirkasra Mojtahed
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Michael A Ohliger
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Ali Pirasteh
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Scott B Reeder
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Krishna Shanbhogue
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Alvin C Silva
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Elainea N Smith
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Venkateswar R Surabhi
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Bachir Taouli
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Christopher L Welle
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Benjamin M Yeh
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
| | - Sudhakar K Venkatesh
- From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (F.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (R.G.B.); Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (G.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky (J.T.L.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (J.M.H., F.H.M.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.S.J.); Department of Radiology, ChristianaCare, Newark, Del (R.Y.M.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (M.A.O., B.M.Y.); Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics (A.P.) and Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY (K.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz (A.C.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala (E.N.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (V.R.S.); Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.T.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.L.W., S.K.V.)
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Ronot M. Invited Commentary: Quantitative Imaging Techniques for Noninvasive Characterization of Hepatic Diseases: So Much Done, Yet So Much Left to Do. Radiographics 2023; 43:e220213. [PMID: 37227945 DOI: 10.1148/rg.220213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Ronot
- From the Université Paris Cité, CRI, UMR1148, Paris, France; and Department of Radiology, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP.Nord, 100 Bd Général Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France
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Chai R, Li Y, Shui L, Ni L, Zhang A. The role of pyroptosis in inflammatory diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1173235. [PMID: 37250902 PMCID: PMC10213465 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1173235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death has crucial roles in the physiological maturation of an organism, the maintenance of metabolism, and disease progression. Pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death which has recently received much attention, is closely related to inflammation and occurs via canonical, non-canonical, caspase-3-dependent, and unclassified pathways. The pore-forming gasdermin proteins mediate pyroptosis by promoting cell lysis, contributing to the outflow of large amounts of inflammatory cytokines and cellular contents. Although the inflammatory response is critical for the body's defense against pathogens, uncontrolled inflammation can cause tissue damage and is a vital factor in the occurrence and progression of various diseases. In this review, we briefly summarize the major signaling pathways of pyroptosis and discuss current research on the pathological function of pyroptosis in autoinflammatory diseases and sterile inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Longxing Ni
- *Correspondence: Longxing Ni, ; Ansheng Zhang,
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23
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Bertran L, Adalid L, Vilaró-Blay M, Barrientos-Riosalido A, Aguilar C, Martínez S, Sabench F, del Castillo D, Porras JA, Alibalic A, Richart C, Auguet T. Expression of STING in Women with Morbid Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040496. [PMID: 37110154 PMCID: PMC10146769 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic hepatic disease. Although mostly benign, this disease can evolve into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays an important role in the immune response against stressed cells, but this protein may also be involved in liver lipogenesis and microbiota composition. In this study, the role of STING in NAFLD was evaluated by RT–qPCR to analyze STING mRNA abundance and by immunohistochemical analysis to evaluate protein expression in liver biopsies from a cohort composed of 69 women with morbid obesity classified according to their liver involvement (normal liver, n = 27; simple steatosis (SS), n = 26; NASH, n = 16). The results showed that STING mRNA expression in the liver increases with the occurrence of NAFLD, specifically in the SS stage in which the degree of steatosis is mild or moderate. Protein analysis corroborated these results. Positive correlations were observed among hepatic STING mRNA abundance and gamma-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase levels, hepatic Toll-like receptor 9 expression and some circulating microbiota-derived bile acids. In conclusion, STING may be involved in the outcome and progression of NAFLD and may be related to hepatic lipid metabolism. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Bertran
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Laia Adalid
- Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mercè Vilaró-Blay
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Andrea Barrientos-Riosalido
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carmen Aguilar
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Salomé Martínez
- Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fàtima Sabench
- Servei de Cirurgia i Anestèsia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), IISPV, Avinguda Doctor Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Daniel del Castillo
- Servei de Cirurgia i Anestèsia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), IISPV, Avinguda Doctor Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - José Antonio Porras
- Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guash, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ajla Alibalic
- Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guash, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Richart
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Teresa Auguet
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)—Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guash, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-977-29-58-33
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Takahashi Y, Dungubat E, Kusano H, Fukusato T. Artificial intelligence and deep learning: new tools for histopathological diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2495-2501. [PMID: 37090431 PMCID: PMC10113753 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with metabolic syndrome and is rapidly increasing globally with the increased prevalence of obesity. Although noninvasive diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH has progressed, pathological evaluation of liver biopsy specimens remains the gold standard for diagnosing NAFLD/NASH. However, the pathological diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH relies on the subjective judgment of the pathologist, resulting in non-negligible interobserver variations. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging tool in pathology to assist diagnoses with high objectivity and accuracy. An increasing number of studies have reported the usefulness of AI in the pathological diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH, and our group has already used it in animal experiments. In this minireview, we first outline the histopathological characteristics of NAFLD/NASH and the basics of AI. Subsequently, we introduce previous research on AI-based pathological diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba 286-8686, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Erdenetsogt Dungubat
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba 286-8686, Japan
- Department of Pathology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Jamyan St 3, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia
| | - Hiroyuki Kusano
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba 286-8686, Japan
| | - Toshio Fukusato
- General Medical Education and Research Center, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
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Kipp ZA, Martinez GJ, Bates EA, Maharramov AB, Flight RM, Moseley HNB, Morris AJ, Stec DE, Hinds TD. Bilirubin Nanoparticle Treatment in Obese Mice Inhibits Hepatic Ceramide Production and Remodels Liver Fat Content. Metabolites 2023; 13:215. [PMID: 36837834 PMCID: PMC9965094 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have indicated that increasing plasma bilirubin levels might be useful for preventing and treating hepatic lipid accumulation that occurs with metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. We have previously demonstrated that mice with hyperbilirubinemia had significantly less lipid accumulation in a diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model. However, bilirubin's effects on individual lipid species are currently unknown. Therefore, we used liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) to determine the hepatic lipid composition of obese mice with NAFLD treated with bilirubin nanoparticles or vehicle control. We placed the mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks and then treated them with bilirubin nanoparticles or vehicle control for 4 weeks while maintaining the HFD. Bilirubin nanoparticles suppressed hepatic fat content overall. After analyzing the lipidomics data, we determined that bilirubin inhibited the accumulation of ceramides in the liver. The bilirubin nanoparticles significantly lowered the hepatic expression of two essential enzymes that regulate ceramide production, Sgpl1 and Degs1. Our results demonstrate that the bilirubin nanoparticles improve hepatic fat content by reducing ceramide production, remodeling the liver fat content, and improving overall metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A. Kipp
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Genesee J. Martinez
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Evelyn A. Bates
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Agil B. Maharramov
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Robert M. Flight
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Hunter N. B. Moseley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Andrew J. Morris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - David E. Stec
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiorenal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Terry D. Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
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Park I, Kim N, Lee S, Park K, Son MY, Cho HS, Kim DS. Characterization of signature trends across the spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using deep learning method. Life Sci 2023; 314:121195. [PMID: 36436619 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The timely diagnosis of different stages in NAFLD is crucial for disease treatment and reversal. We used hepatocellular ballooning to determine different NAFLD stages. MAIN METHODS We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 78 patients with NAFLD and in healthy controls from previously published RNA-seq data. We identified two expression types in NAFLD progression, calculated the predictive power of candidate genes, and validated them in an independent cohort. We also performed cancer studies with these candidates retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas. KEY FINDINGS We identified 103 DEGs in NAFLD patients compared to healthy controls: 75 genes gradually increased or decreased in the NAFLD stage, whereas 28 genes showed differences only in NASH. The former were enriched in negative regulation and binding-related genes; the latter were involved in positive regulation and cell proliferation. Feature selection showed the gradual up- or down-regulation of 21 genes in NASH compared to controls; 18 were highly expressed only in NASH. Using deep-learning method with subset of features from lasso regression, we obtained reliable determination performance in NAFL and NASH (accuracy: 0.857) and validated these genes using an independent cohort (accuracy: 0.805). From cancer studies, we identified significant differential expression of several candidate genes in LIHC; 5 genes were gradually up-regulated and 6 showing high expression only in NASH were influential to patient survival. SIGNIFICANCE The identified biomolecular signatures may determine the spectrum of NAFLD and its relationship with HCC, improving clinical diagnosis and prognosis and enabling a therapeutic intervention for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkyu Park
- Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34113 Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nakyoung Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34113 Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugi Lee
- Department of Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunhyang Park
- Department of Core Facility Management Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141,Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Son
- Department of Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Soo Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34113 Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang S, Mak LY, Yuen MF, Seto WK. Screening strategy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Mol Hepatol 2023; 29:S103-S122. [PMID: 36447420 PMCID: PMC10029948 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2022.0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, affecting approximately 25% of the general population worldwide, and is forecasted to increase global health burden in the 21st century. With the advancement of non-invasive tests for assessing and monitoring of steatosis and fibrosis, NAFLD screening is now feasible, and is increasingly highlighted in international guidelines related to hepatology, endocrinology, and pediatrics. Identifying high-risk populations (e.g., diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome) based on risk factors and metabolic characteristics for non-invasive screening is crucial and may aid in designing screening strategies to be more precise and effective. Many screening modalities are currently available, from serum-based methods to ultrasonography, transient elastography, and magnetic resonance imaging, although the diagnostic performance, cost, and accessibility of different methods may impact the actual implementation. A two-step assessment with serum-based fibrosis-4 index followed by imaging test vibration-controlled transient elastography can be an option to stratify the risk of liverrelated complications in NAFLD. There is a need for fibrosis surveillance, as well as investigating the cost-effectiveness of different screening algorithms and engaging primary care for first-stage triage screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Zhang
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lung-Yi Mak
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Man-Fung Yuen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wai-Kay Seto
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Martini T, Naef F, Tchorz JS. Spatiotemporal Metabolic Liver Zonation and Consequences on Pathophysiology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 18:439-466. [PMID: 36693201 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-031521-024831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocytes are the main workers in the hepatic factory, managing metabolism of nutrients and xenobiotics, production and recycling of proteins, and glucose and lipid homeostasis. Division of labor between hepatocytes is critical to coordinate complex complementary or opposing multistep processes, similar to distributed tasks at an assembly line. This so-called metabolic zonation has both spatial and temporal components. Spatial distribution of metabolic function in hepatocytes of different lobular zones is necessary to perform complex sequential multistep metabolic processes and to assign metabolic tasks to the right environment. Moreover, temporal control of metabolic processes is critical to align required metabolic processes to the feeding and fasting cycles. Disruption of this complex spatiotemporal hepatic organization impairs key metabolic processes with both local and systemic consequences. Many metabolic diseases, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetes, are associated with impaired metabolic liver zonation. Recent technological advances shed new light on the spatiotemporal gene expression networks controlling liver function and how their deregulation may be involved in a large variety of diseases. We summarize the current knowledge about spatiotemporal metabolic liver zonation and consequences on liver pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomaz Martini
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Felix Naef
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Jan S Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland;
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Chakraborty S, Dissanayake M, Godwin J, Wang X, Bhandari RK. Ancestral BPA exposure caused defects in the liver of medaka for four generations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159067. [PMID: 36174697 PMCID: PMC10593180 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmental chemicals can induce liver defects in experimental animals due to their direct and acute exposure. It is not clear whether environmental chemical exposures result in the transgenerational passage of liver defects in subsequent generations living in an uncontaminated environment. Bisphenol A (BPA), a plasticizer chemical, has been ubiquitous in the environment in the recent decade. Every organism is exposed to this chemical at some point during its lifetime. Literature suggests that direct BPA exposure can result in several metabolic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Despite the phasing out of BPA from several consumer goods, it is unclear whether ancestral BPA exposure causes liver health problems in the unexposed future generations. Here, we demonstrate an advanced stage of NAFLD in the grandchildren (F2 generation) of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) due to embryonic BPA exposure in the grandparental generation (F0), which persists for five generations (F4) even in the absence of BPA. The severity of transgenerational NAFLD phenotype included steatosis together with perisinusoidal fibrosis and apoptosis of hepatocytes. Adult females developed more severe histopathological conditions in the liver than males. Genes encoding enzymes involved in lipolytic pathways were significantly decreased. The present results suggest that ancestral BPA exposure can result in transgenerational metabolic diseases that can persist for five generations and that the NAFLD trait is sexually dimorphic. Given that ancestral BPA exposure can lead to altered metabolic health outcomes in the subsequent unexposed generations, the development of the methods and strategies to mitigate the transgenerational onset of metabolic diseases seem imperative to protect future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Manthi Dissanayake
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Julia Godwin
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Xuegeng Wang
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Ramji Kumar Bhandari
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA.
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Zhang JJ, Shen Y, Chen XY, Jiang ML, Yuan FH, Xie SL, Zhang J, Xu F. Integrative network-based analysis on multiple Gene Expression Omnibus datasets identifies novel immune molecular markers implicated in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1115890. [PMID: 37008925 PMCID: PMC10061151 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1115890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has becoming the most important aetiology for end-stage liver disease, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study were designed to explore novel genes associated with NASH. METHODS Here, five independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were combined into a single cohort and analyzed using network biology approaches. RESULTS 11 modules identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed significant association with the status of NASH. Further characterization of four gene modules of interest demonstrated that molecular pathology of NASH involves the upregulation of hub genes related to immune response, cholesterol and lipid metabolic process, extracellular matrix organization, and the downregulation of hub genes related to cellular amino acid catabolic, respectively. After DEGs enrichment analysis and module preservation analysis, the Turquoise module associated with immune response displayed a remarkably correlation with NASH status. Hub genes with high degree of connectivity in the module, including CD53, LCP1, LAPTM5, NCKAP1L, C3AR1, PLEK, FCER1G, HLA-DRA and SRGN were further verified in clinical samples and mouse model of NASH. Moreover, single-cell RNA-seq analysis showed that those key genes were expressed by distinct immune cells such as microphages, natural killer, dendritic, T and B cells. Finally, the potential transcription factors of Turquoise module were characterized, including NFKB1, STAT3, RFX5, ILF3, ELF1, SPI1, ETS1 and CEBPA, the expression of which increased with NASH progression. DISCUSSION In conclusion, our integrative analysis will contribute to the understanding of NASH and may enable the development of potential biomarkers for NASH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-jie Zhang
- Center for Molecular Pathology, Department of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-jie Zhang, ; Fei Xu,
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Publication Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiao-yuan Chen
- Department of Publication Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Man-lei Jiang
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Feng-hua Yuan
- Center for Molecular Pathology, Department of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shui-lian Xie
- Center for Molecular Pathology, Department of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-jie Zhang, ; Fei Xu,
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Ragab HM, El Maksoud NA, Amin MA, Elaziz WA. Complement C3 as a potential NAFLD predictor in an Egyptian cohort with diabetes and/or obesity. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43162-022-00133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractComplement system is becoming increasingly recognized as being intimately tied to obesity and other various metabolic abnormalities linked to it and may be involved in NAFLD. The goal of this study was to see if complement C3 might be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in NAFLD patients. Forty-one NAFLD patients and fourteen age- and gender-matched control individuals were enrolled in this study. All subjects were subjected to abdominal ultrasound examination and clinical assessment with special emphasis on the liver function enzymes, blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and kidney function tests. Non-invasive assessment of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis has evolved using serology-based scoring systems such as the Fibrosis-4 score and NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS). Additionally, serum levels of complement C3 were determined by the ELISA method. In this study, BMI, cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and NFS were all substantially higher in NAFLD patients compared to healthy controls. Moreover, complement C3 was considerably higher in NAFLD cases (1.52±0.29 g/L) vs. healthy controls (0.93±0.289 g/L) (p<0.001). Compared to lean people (0.93±0.29 g/L), the mean complement C3 levels were significantly higher in obese diabetes (1.69±0.29 g/L), obese non-diabetic (1.48±0.174 g/L), and diabetic non-obese patients (1.36±0.28 g/L). Using a cutoff for complement C3 1.135 (g/L) for distinguishing NAFLD patients from healthy controls has a sensitivity of 90.2% and specificity of 78.6%. In conclusion, serum complement C3 may be useful in the identification of fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Moreover, complement C3 may be a promising tool for predicting the worsening of liver inflammation.
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Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer, the FIB-4 index, and a combination of the two as predictors of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277380. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 10% non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cases progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Liver biopsy, the gold standard for diagnosing NASH and associated liver fibrosis, is invasive with a risk of life-threatening complications. Therefore, reliable non-invasive biomarkers for predicting NASH are required to prevent unnecessary liver biopsies. We evaluated the performance of two non-invasive fibrosis markers, Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) and the FIB-4 index for predicting the fibrosis staging, NAFLD activity scoring (NAS) index, and NASH. We also analyzed the correlation between the two markers. The sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values (PPV), and negative predictive values of the FIB-4 index, M2BPGi, and a combination of both markers for NASH diagnosis were evaluated. The M2BPGi and FIB-4 index showed a good performance in diagnosing NASH, the fibrosis stage, and the NAS index in NAFLD patients. While both markers were well-correlated with each other in most cases, no correlation was found in some patients. Compared with the FIB-4 index or the M2BPGi alone, a combination of the two showed a higher specificity, PPV, and accuracy for NASH diagnosis. The M2BPGi and the FIB-4 index are easily accessible and reliable liver fibrosis markers. Diseases other than liver disease may cause dissociation between the two markers, causing failure to predict NASH. However, the combination of both markers can compensate for their disadvantages. Because the PPV of the combination was relatively high, patients who test positive for both markers should undergo liver biopsy for NASH diagnosis.
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Xie R, Tang S, Yang Y. Associations of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108261. [PMID: 36055011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ pro12Ala (PPAR-γ Pro12Ala) have been associated with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in several studies. However, the results of these studies are not entirely consistent. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between the PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphisms and NAFLD. METHODS Studies were identified by searching PubMed database and manual assessment of the cited references in the retrieved articles. Study-specific relative risks (RRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effect model. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS Relevant medical researches show that 11 studies have been conducted on the analysis of NAFLD for meta-analysis, with a total of 2404 cases and 3959 participating controls. Meta-analysis results show that PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism and NALAD Ala alleles[no association between dominance model (OR = 0.968, 95%CI: 0.734-1.276, P = 0.815); Pro/Ala vs. Pro/Pro (OR = 0.930, 95 % CI: 0.701-1.233, P = 0.612); Ala/Ala vs. Pro/Pro (OR = 1.220, 95 % CI: 0.668-2.230, P = 0.518); recessive model (OR = 0.907, 95 % CI: 0.516-1.596, P = 0.736)]. Moreover, stratification by ethnicity also revealed that no matter it is in Caucasian populations or in Asian populations, NAFLD has no association with the PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS According to the meta-analysis, both in Asians and Caucasian populations, the PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism can't be demonstrated to have any link with susceptibility to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xie
- The Gastroenterology Department of the First Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi Province 530022, PR China
| | - Shaobo Tang
- The Gastroenterology Department of the First Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi Province 530022, PR China.
| | - Yanna Yang
- The Ultrasonography of Maternal and Children Health Hospital of Guangxi, Guangxi Province 530022, PR China
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Li S, Liu J, Wang Z, Duan F, Jia Z, Chen X, Li S. The promising role of probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics in energy metabolism biomarkers in patients with NAFLD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:862266. [PMID: 35958869 PMCID: PMC9358257 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.862266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease with a high prevalence worldwide, seriously harming human health, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. In recent years, increasing evidence has indicated that intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the occurrence and development of NAFLD. The regulation method of probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics can alter the intestinal microbiota and has been suggested as an option in the treatment of NAFLD. Methods Five databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, clinicaltrails.gov, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched initially, and then the eligible studies were screened. Finally, the data of included studieswere extracted, combined and analyzed Results A total of 29 randomized controlled trials involving 2,110 patients were included in this study. The results showed that using probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics in the intervention group could reduce the levels of glucose (SMD = −0.23, 95% CI [−0.45, −0.01], P = 0.04), HOMA-IR (SMD = −0.47, 95% CI [−0.63, −0.31], P < 0.00001) and insulin (SMD = −0.46, 95% CI [−0.76, −0.16], P = 0.002) in sugar metabolism; in terms of lipid metabolism, the levels of TC (SMD = −0.62, 95%CI [−0.87, −0.36], P < 0.00001), and LDL-C (SMD = −0.57, 95%CI [−0.85, −0.28], P < 0.00001) were decreased; and the level of ALB was decreased in protein metabolism (SMD = −0.34, 95%CI [−0.61, −0.06], P = 0.02). Conclusions Based on the current evidence, probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics may improve energy metabolism biomarkers in the NAFLD population, but these effects still need to be confirmed by further research. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#aboutpage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudi Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiangkai Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zi Jia
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinju Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suling Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Suling Li
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Soundharrajan I, Karnan M, Jung JS, Lee KD, Lee JC, Ramesh T, Kim D, Choi KC. A Transcriptomic Response to Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-KCC48 against High-Fat Diet-Induced Fatty Liver Diseases in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6750. [PMID: 35743193 PMCID: PMC9224190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent chronic liver disorder in the world is fatty liver disease caused by a high-fat diet. We examined the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-KCC48 on high-fat diet-induced (HFD) fatty liver disease in mice. We used the transcriptome tool to perform a systematic evaluation of hepatic mRNA transcripts changes in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed animals and high-fat diet with L. plantarum (HFLPD)-fed animals. HFD causes fatty liver diseases in animals, as evidenced by an increase in TG content in liver tissues compared to control animals. Based on transcriptome data, 145 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the liver of HFD-fed mice compared to control mice. Moreover, 61 genes were differentially expressed in the liver of mice fed the HFLPD compared to mice fed the HFD. Additionally, 43 common DEGs were identified between HFD and HFLPD. These genes were enriched in metabolic processes, retinol metabolism, the PPAR signaling pathway, fatty acid degradation, arachidonic metabolism, and steroid hormone synthesis. Taking these data into consideration, it can be concluded that L. plantarum-KCC48 treatment significantly regulates the expression of genes involved in hepatosteatosis caused by HFD, which may prevent fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilavenil Soundharrajan
- Grassland and Forage Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea; (I.S.); (M.K.); (J.-S.J.)
| | - Muthusamy Karnan
- Grassland and Forage Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea; (I.S.); (M.K.); (J.-S.J.)
| | - Jeong-Sung Jung
- Grassland and Forage Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea; (I.S.); (M.K.); (J.-S.J.)
| | - Kyung-Dong Lee
- Department of Companion Animals, Dongsin University, Naju 58245, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dahye Kim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ki-Choon Choi
- Grassland and Forage Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea; (I.S.); (M.K.); (J.-S.J.)
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36
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Moayedfard Z, Sani F, Alizadeh A, Bagheri Lankarani K, Zarei M, Azarpira N. The role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and potential therapeutic impacts of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:242. [PMID: 35672797 PMCID: PMC9175371 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02929-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is characterized by intra-hepatocyte triglyceride accumulation and concomitant involvement of the immune system with subsequent histological changes, tissue damage, and clinical findings. There are various molecular pathways involved in the progression of NAFLD including lipotoxicity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the immune response. Both innate and adaptive immune systems are involved in the NAFLD pathogenesis, and crosstalk between the immune cells and liver cells participates in its initiation and progression. Among the various treatments for this disease, new cell based therapies have been proposed. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) (MSC-EVs) are new cell-free vehicles with low immunogenicity, which can suppress detrimental immune responses in inflamed tissues. This review aimed to express the immune system's molecular pathways associated with the initiation and progression of NAFLD. Then, the possible role of MSC-EVs in the treatment of this entity through immune response modulation was discussed. Finally, engineered EVs enhanced by specific therapeutic miRNA were suggested for alleviating the pathological cellular events in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Moayedfard
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Sani
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Zarei
- Renal Division, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Khalili Street, P.O. Box: 7193711351, Shiraz, Iran.
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Chiang JYL, Ferrell JM. Discovery of farnesoid X receptor and its role in bile acid metabolism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 548:111618. [PMID: 35283218 PMCID: PMC9038687 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In 1995, the nuclear hormone orphan receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) was identified as a farnesol receptor expressed mainly in liver, kidney, and adrenal gland of rats. In 1999, bile acids were identified as endogenous FXR ligands. Subsequently, FXR target genes involved in the regulation of hepatic bile acid synthesis, secretion, and intestinal re-absorption were identified. FXR signaling was proposed as a mechanism of feedback regulation of the rate-limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis, cholesterol 7⍺-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). The primary bile acids synthesized in the liver are transformed to secondary bile acids by the gut microbiota. The gut-to-liver axis plays a critical role in the regulation of bile acid synthesis, composition and circulating bile acid pool size, which in turn regulates glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism. Dysregulation of bile acid metabolism and FXR signaling in the gut-to-liver axis contributes to metabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This review will cover the discovery of FXR as a bile acid sensor in the regulation of bile acid metabolism and as a metabolic regulator of lipid, glucose, and energy homeostasis. It will also provide an update of FXR functions in the gut-to-liver axis and the drug therapies targeting bile acids and FXR for the treatment of liver metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Y L Chiang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4029 SR 44, P.O. Box 95, Rootstown, OH, 44272, United States.
| | - Jessica M Ferrell
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4029 SR 44, P.O. Box 95, Rootstown, OH, 44272, United States
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Lee-Kim V, Morkem R, Barber D, Flemming JA, Kehar M. Awareness, management, and practice patterns of pediatric NAFLD by primary care physicians. Paediatr Child Health 2022; 27:93-98. [PMID: 35599680 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in children. Primary-care physicians (PCPs) play a key role in identifying patients requiring specialist referral. In this study, we aim to determine PCPs' practice patterns for paediatric NAFLD, as knowledge gaps have been reported for adult NAFLD. Methods A survey was sent to 60 PCPs in the Eastern Ontario Network from July 2019 to January 2020. Results Thirty-seven (62%) PCPs responded to the survey. Twenty-one incorrectly considered the prevalence of paediatric NAFLD to be ≤10%. The majority (35/36) cared for less than five paediatric NAFLD patients. Thirty-four (92%) were only 'slightly familiar' or 'not familiar at all' with paediatric NAFLD. Only one PCP routinely screens for NAFLD. Only one PCP was aware of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) clinical guidelines for paediatric NAFLD. Twenty-five (68%) correctly selected lifestyle modifications as a treatment option. Lack of confidence in the knowledge of NAFLD was the most common barrier for managing paediatric cases. Conclusion The majority of PCPs are not screening for paediatric NAFLD and are not familiar with its clinical spectrum, citing a lack of knowledge regarding NAFLD as the greatest barrier. This may cause delays in diagnosis and a presentation with advanced fibrosis at the time of specialist referral. Dissemination and implementation of clinical guidelines have the potential to improve knowledge and screening rates for NAFLD in children at the primary-care level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Lee-Kim
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachael Morkem
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Barber
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Flemming
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohit Kehar
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Mun H, So ES. Prevalence of liver cirrhosis based on the metabolic health and weight criteria: Report from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data analysis. Ann Hepatol 2022:100721. [PMID: 35504573 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have proposed two distinctive types of obesity, metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO), based on various physiological factors. This study sought to explore the relationship between the metabolic obesity types and the incidence of liver cirrhosis (LC) in a large nationally-representative population. METHODS Data on 27,629 adults with MHO or MUHO, were analyzed from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) obtained from 2015 through 2019. Four categories of metabolic health and weight (MHW) were generated for analysis: (1) MHO, (2) MUHO, (3) Metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUHNW), and (4) Metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW). Statistical analyzes were performed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of LC did not show statistically significant differences among the MHW categories: 0.5% in MHO, 0.4% in MUHO, 0.2% in MHNW, and 0.3% in MUHNW. The unadjusted analysis showed a significant association between self-reported LC and MUHO, but this association was not evident in the adjusted analysis. In the adjusted analysis of the prevalence of laboratory LC, a significant association emerged in the MUHO group, followed in descending order of magnitude by the MHO and MUHNW groups. A favorable fasting blood glucose level was the only factor associated with increased prevalence of reported LC in MUHO. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated a difference in the prevalence of LC between MHO and MUHO. Our study concludes that the MHO phenotype is a transient status with regard to metabolic abnormalities, and caution is necessary when evaluating MHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyukjin Mun
- School of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun So
- College of Nursing, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao F, Zhang L, Zhang M, Huang J, Zhang J, Chang Y. FGF9 Alleviates the Fatty Liver Phenotype by Regulating Hepatic Lipid Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:850128. [PMID: 35517790 PMCID: PMC9065278 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.850128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the fatty liver has been linked to numerous impairments of energy homeostasis, the molecular mechanism responsible for fatty liver development remains largely unknown. In the present study, we show that fibroblast growth factors 9 (FGF9) expression is increased in the liver of diet-induced obese (DIO), db/db, and ob/ob mice relative to their respective controls. The long-term knockdown of hepatic FGF9 expression mediated by adeno-associated virus expressing FGF9-specific short hairpin RNA (AAV-shFGF9) aggravated the fatty liver phenotype of DIO mice. Consistently, downregulation of FGF9 expression mediated by adenovirus expressing FGF9-specific shRNA (Ad-shFGF9) in the primary hepatocyte promoted the cellular lipid accumulation, suggesting that FGF9 exerts its effects in an autocrine manner. In contrast, adenoviruses expressing FGF9 (Ad-FGF9) mediated FGF9 overexpression in the liver of DIO mice alleviated hepatic steatosis and improved the insulin sensitivity and glucose intolerance. Moreover, the liver-specific FGF9 transgenic mice phenocopied the Ad-FGF9-infected mice. Mechanistically, FGF9 inhibited the expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and increased the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, thereby reducing cellular lipid accumulation. Thus, targeting FGF9 might be exploited to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanrong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Menglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jincan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yongsheng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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In vitro ballooned hepatocytes can be produced by primary human hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cell sheets. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5341. [PMID: 35351975 PMCID: PMC8964766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing prevalence of Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) worldwide, there is no effective treatment available for this disease. “Ballooned hepatocyte” is a characteristic finding in NASH and is correlated with disease prognosis, but their mechanisms of action are poorly understood; furthermore, neither animal nor in vitro models of NASH have been able to adequately represent ballooned hepatocytes. Herein, we engineered cell sheets to develop a new in vitro model of ballooned hepatocytes. Primary human hepatocytes (PHH) and Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) were co-cultured to produce cell sheets, which were cultured in glucose and lipid containing medium, following which histological and functional analyses were performed. Histological findings showed hepatocyte ballooning, accumulation of fat droplets, abnormal cytokeratin arrangement, and the presence of Mallory–Denk bodies and abnormal organelles. These findings are similar to those of ballooned hepatocytes in human NASH. Functional analysis showed elevated levels of TGFβ-1, SHH, and p62, but not TNF-α, IL-8. Exposure of PHH/HSC sheets to a glucolipotoxicity environment induces ballooned hepatocyte without inflammation. Moreover, fibrosis is an important mechanism underlying ballooned hepatocytes and could be the basis for the development of a new in vitro NASH model with ballooned hepatocytes.
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Santos LLM, Diniz MDFHS, Goulart AC, Barreto SM, Figueiredo RC. Association between neck circumference and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: cross-sectional analysis from ELSA-Brasil. SAO PAULO MED J 2022; 140:213-221. [PMID: 35043830 PMCID: PMC9610241 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0095.r2.22062021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a public health problem worldwide. Neck circumference (NC) is a simple anthropometric adiposity parameter that has been correlated with cardiometabolic disorders like NAFLD. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between NC and NAFLD, considering their obesity-modifying effect, among participants from the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline study. DESIGN AND SETTINGS Cross-sectional study at the ELSA-Brasil centers of six public research institutions. METHODS This analysis was conducted on 5,187 women and 4,270 men of mean age 51.8 (± 9.2) years. Anthropometric indexes (NC, waist circumference [WC] and body mass index [BMI]), biochemical and clinical parameters (diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia) and hepatic ultrasound were measured. The association between NC and NAFLD was estimated using multinomial logistic regression, considering potential confounding effects (age, WC, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia). Effect modification was investigated by including the interaction term NC x BMI in the final model. RESULTS The frequency of NAFLD and mean value of NC were 33.6% and 33.9 (± 2.5) cm in women, and 45.8% and 39.4 (± 2.8) cm in men, respectively. Even after all adjustments, larger NC was associated with a greater chance of moderate/severe NAFLD (1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] for women; 1.05, 95% CI for men; P < 0.001). Presence of multiplicative interaction between NC and BMI (P < 0.001) was also observed. CONCLUSION NC was positively associated with NAFLD in both sexes, regardless of traditional adiposity indexes such as BMI and WC. The magnitude of the association was more pronounced among women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandra Carvalho Goulart
- MD, PhD. Clinical Epidemiologist and Researcher, Center of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (HU-USP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
| | - Sandhi Maria Barreto
- MD, PhD. Professor, Medical School and Clinical Hospital, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
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Lu Y, Feng T, Zhao J, Jiang P, Xu D, Zhou M, Dai M, Wu J, Sun F, Yang X, Lin Q, Pan W. Polyene Phosphatidylcholine Ameliorates High Fat Diet-Induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Remodeling Metabolism and Inflammation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:810143. [PMID: 35295576 PMCID: PMC8918669 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.810143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a rise in the morbidity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), in line with the global outbreak of obesity. However, effective intervention strategy against NAFLD is still unavailable. The present study sought to investigate the effect and mechanism of polyene phosphatidylcholine (PPC), a classic hepatoprotective drug, on NAFLD induced by high fat diet (HFD). We found that PPC intervention reduced the mass of liver, subcutaneous, epididymal, and brown fats in HFD mice. Furthermore, PPC supplementation significantly mitigated liver steatosis and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in HFD mice, which was accompanied by declined levels of hepatic triglyceride, serum triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. Using transcriptome analysis, there were 1,789 differentially expressed genes (| fold change | ≥ 2, P < 0.05) including 893 upregulated genes and 896 downregulated genes in the HFD group compared to LC group. A total of 1,114 upregulated genes and 1,337 downregulated genes in HFD + PPC group were identified in comparison to HFD group. With the help of Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, these differentially expressed genes between HFD+PPC and HFD group were discovered related to “lipid metabolic process (GO: 0006629),” “lipid modification (GO: 0030258),” and “lipid homeostasis (GO: 0055088)”. Though Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, we found pathways associated with hepatic homeostasis of metabolism and inflammation. Notably, the pathway “Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (mmu04932)” (P-value = 0.00698) was authenticated in the study, which may inspire the potential mechanism of PPC to ameliorate NAFLD. The study also found that lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and lipid export associated genes were upregulated, while the genes in uptake of lipids and cholesterol synthesis were downregulated in the liver of HFD mice after PPC supplementation. Interestingly, PPC attenuated the metabolic inflammation via inhibiting pro-inflammatory macrophage in the livers of mice fed by HFD. In summary, this study demonstrates that PPC can ameliorate HFD-induced liver steatosis via reprogramming metabolic and inflammatory processes, which inspire clues for further clarifying the intervention mechanism of PPC against NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,First Clinical Medicine College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jinxiu Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Daxiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Menglu Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Second Clinical Medicine College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Second Clinical Medicine College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fenfen Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qisi Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Rigamonti AE, Bondesan A, Rondinelli E, Cella SG, Sartorio A. The Role of Aspartate Transaminase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) for the Prediction of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Severely Obese Children and Adolescents. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020155. [PMID: 35208229 PMCID: PMC8879448 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI) has been proposed as an easy-to-use biochemical marker in obese adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatotic hepatitis (NASH). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and predictive value of APRI in a paediatric obese population. Seven hundred fifty-seven obese children and adolescents (BMI standard deviation score, SDS: >2.0; age range: 10–18.5 years), not consuming alcohol and without hepatitis B or C, were recruited after having been screened for NAFLD by ultrasonography. A series of demographic, biochemical and clinical parameters was compared between the two subgroups (with or without NAFLD); the same parameters were correlated with APRI; and finally, univariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the predictors of NAFLD. NAFLD was diagnosed in about 39% of the entire paediatric population, predominantly in males and in subjects suffering from metabolic syndrome. APRI was correlated with the waist circumference (WC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), uric acid, total bilirubin, C reactive protein (CRP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Furthermore, APRI was higher in males than females, but independent from steatosis severity and metabolic syndrome. With the univariable analysis, the BMI SDS, triglycerides (TG), insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), APRI, uric acid and metabolic syndrome were positive predictors of NAFLD, with female sex being negative predictor. At multivariable analysis; however, only BMI SDS, TG, HOMA-IR and APRI were positive predictors of NAFLD, with female sex being a negative predictor. The accuracy of APRI as a biochemical marker of NAFLD was about 60%.In conclusion, in a large (Italian) paediatric obese population, parameters, such as BMI SDS, TG, HOMA-IR and APRI, were positive predictors of NAFLD, with female sex being a negative predictor and most of the prediction explained by APRI. Nevertheless, APRI appears to be a simple biochemical marker of liver injury rather than of NAFLD/NASH and, moreover, is endowed with a limited accuracy for the prediction/diagnosis of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello E. Rigamonti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-503-17013; Fax: +39-02-503-17011
| | - Adele Bondesan
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy; (A.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Eugenia Rondinelli
- Research Laboratory Unit, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy;
| | - Silvano G. Cella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy; (A.B.); (A.S.)
- Division of Auxology and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy
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Zhao M, Xie H, Shan H, Zheng Z, Li G, Li M, Hong L. Development of Thyroid Hormones and Synthetic Thyromimetics in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1102. [PMID: 35163026 PMCID: PMC8835192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the fastest-growing liver disease in the world. Despite targeted agents which are needed to provide permanent benefits for patients with NAFLD, no drugs have been approved to treat NASH. Thyroid hormone is an important signaling molecule to maintain normal metabolism, and in vivo and vitro studies have shown that regulation of the 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3)/ thyroid hormone receptor (TR) axis is beneficial not only for metabolic symptoms but also for the improvement of NAFLD and even for the repair of liver injury. However, the non-selective regulation of T3 to TR subtypes (TRα/TRβ) could cause unacceptable side effects represented by cardiotoxicity. To avoid deleterious effects, TRβ-selective thyromimetics were developed for NASH studies in recent decades. Herein, we will review the development of thyroid hormones and synthetic thyromimetics based on TR selectivity for NAFLD, and analyze the role of TR-targeted drugs for the treatment of NAFLD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Z.); (H.X.); (H.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Huazhong Xie
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Z.); (H.X.); (H.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Hao Shan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Z.); (H.X.); (H.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Z.); (H.X.); (H.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Guofeng Li
- Health Science Centre, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Min Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Z.); (H.X.); (H.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Liang Hong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Z.); (H.X.); (H.S.); (Z.Z.)
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Guo M, Xiang L, Yao J, Zhang J, Zhu S, Wang D, Liu C, Li G, Wang J, Gao Y, Xie C, Ma X, Xu L, Zhou J. Comprehensive Transcriptome Profiling of NAFLD- and NASH-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:851520. [PMID: 35265044 PMCID: PMC8899658 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.851520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by extensive triglyceride accumulation in hepatocytes, may progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with liver fibrosis and inflammation and increase the risk of cirrhosis, cancer, and death. It has been reported that physical exercise is effective in ameliorating NAFLD and NASH, while skeletal muscle dysfunctions, including lipid deposition and weakness, are accompanied with NAFLD and NASH. However, the molecular characteristics and alterations in skeletal muscle in the progress of NAFLD and NASH remain unclear. In the present study, we provide a comprehensive analysis on the similarity and heterogeneity of quadriceps muscle in NAFLD and NASH mice models by RNA sequencing. Importantly, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway functional enrichment analysis revealed that NAFLD and NASH led to impaired glucose and lipid metabolism and deteriorated functionality in skeletal muscle. Besides this, we identified that myokines possibly mediate the crosstalk between muscles and other metabolic organs in pathological conditions. Overall, our analysis revealed a comprehensive understanding of the molecular signature of skeletal muscles in NAFLD and NASH, thus providing a basis for physical exercise as an intervention against liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caizhi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xinran Ma, ; Lingyan Xu, ; Jian Zhou,
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xinran Ma, ; Lingyan Xu, ; Jian Zhou,
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xinran Ma, ; Lingyan Xu, ; Jian Zhou,
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47
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Xiang L, Jiao Y, Qian Y, Li Y, Mao F, Lu Y. Comparison of hepatic gene expression profiles between three mouse models of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Genes Dis 2022; 9:201-215. [PMID: 35005119 PMCID: PMC8720708 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disorder worldwide. Murine models of NAFLD have been widely used to explore its pathogenesis. In this study, we performed a systematic evaluation of hepatic genome-wide mRNA expression by RNA-Sequencing using three mouse models of NAFLD: leptin receptor deficient db/db mice, high-fat high-sugar diet (HSHF)-induced obese mice, and dexamethasone (DEX)-induced NAFLD mice. As a result, we found both distinct and common pathways in the regulation of lipid metabolism from transcriptomes of three mouse models. Moreover, only a total of 12 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were commonly detected among all three mouse groups, indicating very little overlap among all three models. Therefore, our results suggest that NAFLD is a heterogeneous disease with highly variable molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yiling Qian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Fei Mao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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Alabdali A, Kzar M, Chinnappan S, R M, Khalivulla SI, H R, Abd Razik BM. Antioxidant activity of Curcumin. RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND TECHNOLOGY 2021:6741-6746. [DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2021.01164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In the past few years, multiple drugs have been produced from traditional raw materials and recent pandemic disease COVID-19 once again research on this matter is being conducted to determine potential therapeutic purposes of different Ayurvedic Indian medicines and herbs. One such medicinal herb is Curcuma longa. Curcumin is strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antiangiogenic, anti-carcinogenic, as shown by multiple in vitro and in vivo studies. The action of the growth factor receptors is inhibited by curcumin. The anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin is obtained on the cytokines, proteolytic enzymes, eicosanoids, and lipid mediators. The superoxide radicals, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide, are sifted by curcumin, while lipid peroxidation is inhibited. Such properties of the compound thus form the foundation for its various therapeutic and pharmacological effects could also hold antiviral properties including COVID-19. The aim of this research is to summarize the updated pharmacological activities of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Alabdali
- The University of Mashreq, College of Pharmacy, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Marwah Kzar
- The University of Mashreq, College of Pharmacy, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sasikala Chinnappan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur (South Wing), No.1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mogana R
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur (South Wing), No.1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shaik Ibrahim Khalivulla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur (South Wing), No.1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman H
- PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, India
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Song Y, Zhang J, Wang H, Guo D, Yuan C, Liu B, Zhong H, Li D, Li Y. A novel immune-related genes signature after bariatric surgery is histologically associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Adipocyte 2021; 10:424-434. [PMID: 34506234 PMCID: PMC8437528 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.1970341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that immune-related genes (IRGs) play an important role in bariatric surgery (BS). We identified differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) of adipose tissue after BS by analysing the two expression profiles of GEO (GSE59034 and GSE29409). Subsequently, enrichment analysis, GSEA and PPI networks were examined to identify the hub IRGs and related pathways. The performance of the signature was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). CIBERSORT algorithm was used to evaluate the relative abundance of infiltrated immune cells.42 DEIRGs were found between the GSE59034 and GSE29409 datasets. The AUC of the signature was 0.904 and 0.865 in the GSE58979 and GSE48452, respectively. Interestingly, the signature also showed good performance in diagnosing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (AUC was 0.834 and 0.800, respectively). The number of neutrophils, macrophages M2, macrophages M0 and dendritic cells activated decreased significantly. After BS, the infiltration of T cells regulatory, monocytes, mast cells resting and plasma cells in adipose tissue increased. The novel proposed IRGs signature reveals the underlying immune mechanism of BS and is a promising biomarker for distinguishing the severity of NAFLD. This will provide new insights into strategies for treating obesity and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jan Zhang
- Department of Colonretal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Hexiang Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chentong Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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The interplay between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and innate immunity in hepatitis B virus patients. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-021-00084-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most epidemic liver disorder worldwide as a result of rapid lifestyle transformation over the past few decades and is expected to elevate in the next few years as well as it is ranging from plain hepatic steatosis via non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Main text
NAFLD can also stimulate the diseases progression as diabetes and cardiovascular. Therefore, understanding the NAFLD pathogenesis is of vital clinical interest additionally is a crucial for disease treatment and prevention. After analyzing NAFLD and liver diseases prevalence, it has been a belief regarding the interaction between NAFLD and chronic hepatitis B (CHB).
Conclusion
The liver is an essential innate immune organ with large numbers of innate immune cells that contribute in NAFLD pathogenesis, additionally play the influential role that control NAFLD progression in the hepatitis B patients. Here, we summarized the recent advances in understanding and managing the NAFLD patients with chronic hepatitis B infection and interplay with innate immunity.
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