1
|
Lee JH, Shin SJ, Lee JH, Knowles JC, Lee HH, Kim HW. Adaptive immunity of materials: Implications for tissue healing and regeneration. Bioact Mater 2024; 41:499-522. [PMID: 39206299 PMCID: PMC11350271 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent cumulative findings signify the adaptive immunity of materials as a key agenda in tissue healing that can improve regenerative events and outcomes. Modulating immune responses, mainly the recruitment and functions of T and B cells and their further interplay with innate immune cells (e.g., dendritic cells, macrophages) can be orchestrated by materials. For instance, decellularized matrices have been shown to promote muscle healing by inducing T helper 2 (Th2) cell immunity, while synthetic biopolymers exhibit differential effects on B cell responses and fibrosis compared decellularized matrices. We discuss the recent findings on how implantable materials instruct the adaptive immune events and the subsequent tissue healing process. In particular, we dissect the materials' physicochemical properties (shape, size, topology, degradation, rigidity, and matrix dynamic mechanics) to demonstrate the relations of these parameters with the adaptive immune responses in vitro and the underlying biological mechanisms. Furthermore, we present evidence of recent in vivo phenomena, including tissue healing, cancer progression, and fibrosis, wherein biomaterials potentially shape adaptive immune cell functions and in vivo outcomes. Our discussion will help understand the materials-regulated immunology events more deeply, and offer the design rationale of materials with tunable matrix properties for accelerated tissue repair and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Shin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C. Knowles
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London NW3 2PX, United Kingdom
| | - Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aburahma K, de Manna ND, Kuehn C, Salman J, Greer M, Ius F. Pushing the Survival Bar Higher: Two Decades of Innovation in Lung Transplantation. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5516. [PMID: 39337005 PMCID: PMC11432129 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13185516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Survival after lung transplantation has significantly improved during the last two decades. The refinement of the already existing extracorporeal life support (ECLS) systems, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and the introduction of new techniques for donor lung optimization, such as ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP), have allowed the extension of transplant indication to patients with end-stage lung failure after acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and the expansion of the donor organ pool, due to the better evaluation and optimization of extended-criteria donor (ECD) lungs and of donors after circulatory death (DCD). The close monitoring of anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) has allowed the early recognition of pulmonary antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), which requires a completely different treatment and has a worse prognosis than acute cellular rejection (ACR). As such, the standardization of patient selection and post-transplant management has significantly contributed to this positive trend, especially at high-volume centers. This review focuses on lung transplantation after ARDS, on the role of EVLP in lung donor expansion, on ECMO as a principal cardiopulmonary support system in lung transplantation, and on the diagnosis and therapy of pulmonary AMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Aburahma
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nunzio Davide de Manna
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Kuehn
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL/BREATH), 35392 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jawad Salman
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL/BREATH), 35392 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark Greer
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL/BREATH), 35392 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabio Ius
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL/BREATH), 35392 Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lu X, Xu Z, Shu F, Wang Y, Han Y, Yang X, Shi P, Fan C, Wang L, Yu F, Sun Q, Cheng F, Chen H. Reactive Oxygen Species Responsive Multifunctional Fusion Extracellular Nanovesicles: Prospective Treatments for Acute Heart Transplant Rejection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2406758. [PMID: 38949397 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Heart transplantation offers life-saving treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure; however, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and subsequent immune responses remain significant challenges. Current therapies primarily target adaptive immunity, with limited options available for addressing IRI and innate immune activation. Although plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles show promise in managing diseases, their application in organ transplantation complications is unexplored. Here, this work develops a novel reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive multifunctional fusion extracellular nanovesicles carrying rapamycin (FNVs@RAPA) to address early IRI and Ly6C+Ly6G- inflammatory macrophage-mediated rejection in heart transplantation. The FNVs comprise Exocarpium Citri grandis-derived extracellular nanovesicles with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and mesenchymal stem cell membrane-derived nanovesicles expressing calreticulin with macrophage-targeting ability. A novel ROS-responsive bio-orthogonal chemistry approach facilitates the active targeting delivery of FNVs@RAPA to the heart graft site, effectively alleviating IRI and promoting the polarization of Ly6C+Ly6G- inflammatory macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Hence, FNVs@RAPA represents a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating early transplantation complications and immune rejection. The fusion-targeted delivery strategy offers superior heart graft site enrichment and macrophage-specific targeting, promising improved transplant outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhanxue Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Fan Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yidan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yuhang Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Peilin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Chuanqiang Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Linglu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Qipeng Sun
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aghayan AH, Mirazimi Y, Fateh K, Keshtkar A, Rafiee M, Atashi A. Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in sepsis: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1480-1500. [PMID: 38814410 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening disorder with no definitive cure. Preclinical studies suggest that extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (EV-MSCs) can mitigate inflammatory conditions, potentially leading to increased survival and reduced organ dysfunction during sepsis. Our aim to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis is assessing the EV-MSCs therapeutic efficacy in sepsis. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Scopus, WOS and ProQuest databases and also Google Scholar search engine were searched for published articles. We used hazard ratio (HR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) as effect sizes to evaluate the therapeutic effect of EV-MSCs on survival rate and determine their effect on reducing organ dysfunction, respectively. Finally, we employed GRADE tool for preclinical animal studies to evaluate certainty of the evidence. RESULTS 30 studies met the inclusion criteria for our article. Our meta-analysis results demonstrate that animals treated with MSC-EVs have better survival rate than untreated animals (HR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.27-0.41). Our meta-analysis suggests that EV-MSCs can reduce organ dysfunctions in sepsis, such as the lung, kidney, and liver. Additionally, EV-MSCs decrease pro-inflammatory mediators like TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that EV-MSCs can be as promising therapy for sepsis management in animal models and leading to increased survival rate and reduced organ dysfunction. Furthermore, our study introduces a novel tool for risk of bias assessment and provides recommendations based on various analysis. Future studies with aiming to guide clinical translation can utilize the results of this article to establish stronger evidence for EV-MSC effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Aghayan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Yasin Mirazimi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Kosar Fateh
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbasali Keshtkar
- Department of Health Sciences Education Development, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafiee
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Amir Atashi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li XC. The Benefit of "Negative Thinking" in Transplant Tolerance Induction. Transplantation 2024; 108:1681-1682. [PMID: 38361231 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Xian C Li
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bao H, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Lan H, Jin K. Exosomes-based immunotherapy for cancer: Effective components in the naïve and engineered forms. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 139:112656. [PMID: 39043104 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Today, cancer treatment is one of the main challenges for researchers. The main cause of tumor cell formation is mutations that lead to uncontrolled proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis in malignant cells. Tumor cells also create a microenvironment that can suppress the immune system cells' responses through various methods, including producing soluble factors and cell-to-cell communication. After being produced from tumor cells, exosomes can also affect the functions of other cells in this microenvironment. Various studies have shown that exosomes from different sources, including tumor cells and immune cells, can be used to treat cancers due to their characteristics. Since tumor cells are rich sources of various types of tumor peptides, they can induce anti-tumor responses. Immune cells also produce exosomes that mimic the functions of their cells of origin, such that exosomes derived from NK cells and CTLs can directly lead to their apoptosis after merging with tumor cells. However, many researchers have pointed out that naïve exosomes have a limited therapeutic function, and their therapeutic potential can be increased by manipulating and engineering them. There are various methods to modify exosomes and improve their therapeutic potential. In general, these methods are divided into two parts, which include changing the cell of origin of the exosome and encapsulating the exosome to carry different drugs. In this review, we will discuss the studies on the therapeutic use of naive and engineered exosomes and provide an update on new studies in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiashan First People's Hospital, Jiashan First People's Hospital Luoxing Branch, Jiashan, Zhejiang 314100, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinchang People's Hospital, Affiliated Xinchang Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xinchang, Zhejiang 312500, China
| | - Youni Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tiantai People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317200, China
| | - Huanrong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China.
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han JL, Zimmerer JM, Zeng Q, Chaudhari S, Satoskar A, Abdel-Rasoul M, Uwase H, Breuer CK, Bumgardner GL. Antibody-Suppressor CXCR5+CD8+ T Cells Are More Potent Regulators of Humoral Alloimmunity after Kidney Transplant in Mice Compared to CD4+ Regulatory T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1504-1518. [PMID: 38517294 PMCID: PMC11047759 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT), especially with CD4+ regulatory T cells (CD4+ Tregs), is an emerging therapeutic strategy to minimize immunosuppression and promote long-term allograft acceptance, although much research remains to realize its potential. In this study, we investigated the potency of novel Ab-suppressor CXCR5+CD8+ T cells (CD8+ TAb-supp) in comparison with conventional CD25highFoxp3+CD4+ Tregs for suppression of humoral alloimmunity in a murine kidney transplant (KTx) model of Ab-mediated rejection (AMR). We examined quantity of peripheral blood, splenic and graft-infiltrating CD8+ TAb-supp, and CD4+ Tregs in KTx recipients and found that high alloantibody-producing CCR5 knockout KTx recipients have significantly fewer post-transplant peripheral blood and splenic CD8+ TAb-supp, as well as fewer splenic and graft-infiltrating CD4+ Tregs compared with wild-type KTx recipients. ACT with alloprimed CXCR5+CD8+ T cells reduced alloantibody titer, splenic alloprimed germinal center (GC) B cell quantity, and improved AMR histology in CCR5 knockout KTx recipients. ACT with alloprimed CD4+ Treg cells improved AMR histology without significantly inhibiting alloantibody production or the quantity of splenic alloprimed GC B cells. Studies with TCR transgenic mice confirmed Ag specificity of CD8+ TAb-supp-mediated effector function. In wild-type recipients, CD8 depletion significantly increased alloantibody titer, GC B cells, and severity of AMR pathology compared with isotype-treated controls. Anti-CD25 mAb treatment also resulted in increased but less pronounced effect on alloantibody titer, quantity of GC B cells, and AMR pathology than CD8 depletion. To our knowledge, this is the first report that CD8+ TAb-supp cells are more potent regulators of humoral alloimmunity than CD4+ Treg cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing L. Han
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, and the College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Jason M. Zimmerer
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, and the College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Sachi Chaudhari
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, and the College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Anjali Satoskar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Hope Uwase
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, and the College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Christopher K. Breuer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Ginny L. Bumgardner
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, and the College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lansberry TR, Stabler CL. Immunoprotection of cellular transplants for autoimmune type 1 diabetes through local drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 206:115179. [PMID: 38286164 PMCID: PMC11140763 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune condition that results in the destruction of insulin-secreting β cells of the islets of Langerhans. Allogeneic islet transplantation could be a successful treatment for T1DM; however, it is limited by the need for effective, permanent immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection. Upon transplantation, islets are rejected through non-specific, alloantigen specific, and recurring autoimmune pathways. Immunosuppressive agents used for islet transplantation are generally successful in inhibiting alloantigen rejection, but they are suboptimal in hindering non-specific and autoimmune pathways. In this review, we summarize the challenges with cellular immunological rejection and therapeutics used for islet transplantation. We highlight agents that target these three immune rejection pathways and how to package them for controlled, local delivery via biomaterials. Exploring macro-, micro-, and nano-scale immunomodulatory biomaterial platforms, we summarize their advantages, challenges, and future directions. We hypothesize that understanding their key features will help identify effective platforms to prevent islet graft rejection. Outcomes can further be translated to other cellular therapies beyond T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T R Lansberry
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - C L Stabler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Immunology and Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ke H, Zhang W, Xu W, Cao Q, Li L, Liu H. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase-transfected bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote corneal allograft survival by inhibiting T cell proliferation: A rat study. Transpl Immunol 2024; 82:101960. [PMID: 38007171 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Allograft rejection is still the main cause of corneal transplantation failure. Therefore, we investigated the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-transfected bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (IDO-BMSCs) in corneal allograft rejection in rats. METHODS IDO-BMSCs were constructed and co-cultured with CD4+CD24- T cells to detect their effects on the proliferation of CD4+CD25-T cells in vitro. A corneal allograft rat model was used to confirm our in vitro and in vivo observations. Therefore, IDO-BMSCs were injected directly into the recipient's conjunctiva on the day of corneal transplantation and on day 5 after operation. Corneal graft rejection indices, including corneal neovascularization, opacity, and edema, were measured for up to 14 days after transplantation. The recipients' cervical lymph nodes and peripheral blood were collected to test the role of IDO-BMSCs in immune cells using flow cytometry. RESULTS The lentivirus-mediated IDO gene was successfully transfected into BMSCs, which stably secreted the IDO protein. The proliferation of CD4+CD25-T cells was significantly inhibited after their co-culture with IDO-BMSCs. Subconjunctival injection of IDO-BMSCs into corneal allografts of rats effectively reduced graft neovascularization, promoted allograft survival, and induced immune tolerance. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the local lymph nodes and peripheral blood, along with CD4+CD25-T cells in the local lymph nodes, were significantly reduced after transplantation. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that IDO-BMSC treatment enhances the direct immunomodulatory effect of corneal allograft transplants in rats, promoting corneal allograft survival by inhibiting the proliferation of CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+CD25-T cells. Therefore, modification of BMSCs by lentivirus-mediated IDO gene transfection may provide a novel strategy for controlling corneal allograft rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqin Ke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunan Province 650100, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, No. 167 Qingnian Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China
| | - Wenjia Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunan Province 650100, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, No. 167 Qingnian Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunan Province 650100, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, No. 167 Qingnian Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunan Province 650100, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunan Province 650100, China.
| | - Hai Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, No. 167 Qingnian Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sasaki K, Kubo M, Wang YC, Lu L, Vujevich V, Wood-Trageser MA, Golnoski K, Lesniak A, Gunabushanam V, Ganoza A, Wijkstrom MJ, Humar A, Demetris AJ, Thomson AW, Ezzelarab MB. Multiple infusions of ex vivo-expanded regulatory T cells promote CD163 + myeloid cells and kidney allograft survival in non-lymphodepleted non-human primates. Kidney Int 2024; 105:84-98. [PMID: 37839695 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Clinical verification of adoptively transferred regulatory T cell (Treg) efficacy in transplantation remains challenging. Here, we examined the influence of autologous ex vivo-expanded polyclonal Tregs on kidney graft survival in a clinically relevant non-human primate model. Peripheral blood Tregs were isolated and expanded using artificial antigen presenting cells. Immunosuppression was comprised of tapered tacrolimus and CTLA4 immunoglobulin, in five animals each without or with Treg infusions. Escalating Treg doses were administered 6, 10, 13, 16, 20, 23, 27 and 30 days after transplant. Infused Tregs were monitored for Treg signature, anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) and proliferation (Ki67) marker expression. Treg infusions prolonged median graft survival time significantly from 35 to 70 days. Treg marker (Ki67 and Bcl-2) expression by infused Tregs diminished after their infusion but remained comparable to that of circulating native Tregs. No major changes in circulating donor-reactive T cell responses or total Treg percentages, or in graft-infiltrating T cell subsets were observed with Treg infusion. However, Treg infusion was associated with significant increases in CD163 expression by circulating HLA-DR+ myeloid cells and elevated levels of circulating soluble CD163. Further, graft-infiltrating CD163+ cells were increased with Treg infusion. Thus, multiple Treg infusions were associated with M2-like myeloid cell enhancement that may mediate immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and graft reparative effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Sasaki
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Masahiko Kubo
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lien Lu
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Veronica Vujevich
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michelle A Wood-Trageser
- Department of Pathology, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kayla Golnoski
- Department of Pathology, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Lesniak
- Department of Pathology, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vikraman Gunabushanam
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Armando Ganoza
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Martin J Wijkstrom
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Abhinav Humar
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anthony J Demetris
- Department of Pathology, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Immunology, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohamed B Ezzelarab
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Eskandari SK, Daccache A, Azzi JR. Chimeric antigen receptor T reg therapy in transplantation. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:48-61. [PMID: 38123369 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In the quest for more precise and effective organ transplantation therapies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) regulatory T cell (Treg) therapies represent a potential cutting-edge advance. This review comprehensively analyses CAR Tregs and how they may address important drawbacks of polyclonal Tregs and conventional immunosuppressants. We examine a growing body of preclinical findings of CAR Treg therapy in transplantation, discuss CAR Treg design specifics, and explore established and attractive new targets in transplantation. In addition, we explore present impediments where future studies will be necessary to determine the efficacy of CAR Tregs in reshaping alloimmune responses and transplant microenvironments to reduce reliance on chemical immunosuppressants. Overall, ongoing studies and trials are crucial for understanding the full scope of CAR Treg therapy in transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siawosh K Eskandari
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Andrea Daccache
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Bioscience Education and Research (UFR Biosciences), Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Jamil R Azzi
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tiwari A, Mukherjee S. Role of Complement-dependent Cytotoxicity Crossmatch and HLA Typing in Solid Organ Transplant. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2024; 19:34-52. [PMID: 38155466 DOI: 10.2174/0115748871266738231218145616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid organ transplantation is a life-saving medical operation that has progressed greatly because of developments in diagnostic tools and histocompatibility tests. Crossmatching for complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing are two important methods for checking graft compatibility and reducing the risk of graft rejection. HLA typing and CDC crossmatching are critical in kidney, heart, lung, liver, pancreas, intestine, and multi-organ transplantation. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted on the internet, using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, to identify peer-reviewed publications about solid organ transplants, HLA typing, and CDC crossmatching. CONCLUSION Recent advances in HLA typing have allowed for high-resolution evaluation, epitope matching, and personalized therapy methods. Genomic profiling, next-generation sequencing, and artificial intelligence have improved HLA typing precision, resulting in better patient outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI) driven virtual crossmatching and predictive algorithms have eliminated the requirement for physical crossmatching in the context of CDC crossmatching, boosting organ allocation and transplant efficiency. This review elaborates on the importance of HLA typing and CDC crossmatching in solid organ transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Tiwari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sayali Mukherjee
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen QD, Liu L, Zhao XH, Liang JB, Li SW. Challenges and opportunities in the islet transplantation microenvironment: a comprehensive summary of inflammatory cytokine, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1293762. [PMID: 38111575 PMCID: PMC10725940 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now understood that islet transplantation serves as a β-cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes. Many factors impact the survival of transplanted islets, especially those related to the microenvironment. This review explored microenvironmental components, including vascular endothelial cells, inflammatory cytokines, and immune cells, and their profound effects on post-islet transplantation survival rates. Furthermore, it revealed therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting these elements. Current evidence suggests that vascular endothelial cells are pivotal in facilitating vascularization and nutrient supply and establishing a new microcirculation network for transplanted islets. Consequently, preserving the functionality of vascular endothelial cells emerges as a crucial strategy to enhance the survival of islet transplantation. Release of cytokines will lead to activation of immune cells and production and release of further cytokines. While immune cells hold undeniable significance in regulating immune responses, their activation can result in rejection reactions. Thus, establishing immunological tolerance within the recipient's body is essential for sustaining graft functionality. Indeed, future research endeavors should be directed toward developing precise strategies for modulating the microenvironment to achieve higher survival rates and more sustained transplantation outcomes. While acknowledging certain limitations inherent to this review, it provides valuable insights that can guide further exploration in the field of islet transplantation. In conclusion, the microenvironment plays a paramount role in islet transplantation. Importantly, we discuss novel perspectives that could lead to broader clinical applications and improved patient outcomes in islet transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-dong Chen
- Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-hong Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University , Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-bo Liang
- Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shao-wei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sun J, Wang T, Bian J, Shi W, Ruan Q. Immune tolerance induced in the anterior chamber ameliorates corneal transplant rejection. Clin Immunol 2023; 257:109797. [PMID: 37776968 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
The relevance of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in induction of tolerance against corneal allografts has been well established. However, whether Tregs can be induced in the anterior chamber and suppress local alloimmune response after corneal transplantation is largely unknown. In the current study we report that not only can alloantigen specific Tregs be generated in the anterior chamber during corneal transplantation, they also play important roles in suppressing allograft rejection. Allograft rejected mice exhibit reduced Treg induction in the anterior chamber and the ability of aqueous humor and corneal endothelial cells from allograft rejected mice to induce Tregs is compromised. Further analysis revealed that the expression of immune-tolerance-related molecules is significantly decreased. Finally, we demonstrate that increasing Treg cells specifically in the anterior chamber can effectively suppress allograft rejection and exhibits better efficacy in promoting corneal allograft survival than systemic administration of Treg cells. Our current study may provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of corneal transplant rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jijun Sun
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan 250021, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan 250021, China
| | - Jiang Bian
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Weiyun Shi
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan 250021, China; Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Qingguo Ruan
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hu Y, Hu Q, Li Y, Lu L, Xiang Z, Yin Z, Kabelitz D, Wu Y. γδ T cells: origin and fate, subsets, diseases and immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:434. [PMID: 37989744 PMCID: PMC10663641 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricacy of diseases, shaped by intrinsic processes like immune system exhaustion and hyperactivation, highlights the potential of immune renormalization as a promising strategy in disease treatment. In recent years, our primary focus has centered on γδ T cell-based immunotherapy, particularly pioneering the use of allogeneic Vδ2+ γδ T cells for treating late-stage solid tumors and tuberculosis patients. However, we recognize untapped potential and optimization opportunities to fully harness γδ T cell effector functions in immunotherapy. This review aims to thoroughly examine γδ T cell immunology and its role in diseases. Initially, we elucidate functional differences between γδ T cells and their αβ T cell counterparts. We also provide an overview of major milestones in γδ T cell research since their discovery in 1984. Furthermore, we delve into the intricate biological processes governing their origin, development, fate decisions, and T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement within the thymus. By examining the mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor functions of distinct γδ T cell subtypes based on γδTCR structure or cytokine release, we emphasize the importance of accurate subtyping in understanding γδ T cell function. We also explore the microenvironment-dependent functions of γδ T cell subsets, particularly in infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, hematological malignancies, and solid tumors. Finally, we propose future strategies for utilizing allogeneic γδ T cells in tumor immunotherapy. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to provide readers with a holistic understanding of the molecular fundamentals and translational research frontiers of γδ T cells, ultimately contributing to further advancements in harnessing the therapeutic potential of γδ T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Qinglin Hu
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Yangzhe Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Short S, Lewik G, Issa F. An Immune Atlas of T Cells in Transplant Rejection: Pathways and Therapeutic Opportunities. Transplantation 2023; 107:2341-2352. [PMID: 37026708 PMCID: PMC10593150 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Short-term outcomes in allotransplantation are excellent due to technical and pharmacological advances; however, improvement in long-term outcomes has been limited. Recurrent episodes of acute cellular rejection, a primarily T cell-mediated response to transplanted tissue, have been implicated in the development of chronic allograft dysfunction and loss. Although it is well established that acute cellular rejection is primarily a CD4 + and CD8 + T cell mediated response, significant heterogeneity exists within these cell compartments. During immune responses, naïve CD4 + T cells are activated and subsequently differentiate into specific T helper subsets under the influence of the local cytokine milieu. These subsets have distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics, with reported differences in their contribution to rejection responses specifically. Of particular relevance are the regulatory subsets and their potential to promote tolerance of allografts. Unraveling the specific contributions of these cell subsets in the context of transplantation is complex, but may reveal new avenues of therapeutic intervention for the prevention of rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Short
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Guido Lewik
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Fadi Issa
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tran LM, Macedo C, Zahorchak AF, Gu X, Elinoff B, Singhi AD, Isett B, Zeevi A, Sykes M, Breen K, Srivastava A, Ables EM, Landsittel D, Styn MA, Humar A, Lakkis FG, Metes DM, Thomson AW. Donor-derived regulatory dendritic cell infusion modulates effector CD8 + T cell and NK cell responses after liver transplantation. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadf4287. [PMID: 37820009 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf4287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Immune cell-based therapies are promising strategies to facilitate immunosuppression withdrawal after organ transplantation. Regulatory dendritic cells (DCreg) are innate immune cells that down-regulate alloimmune responses in preclinical models. Here, we performed clinical monitoring and comprehensive assessment of peripheral and allograft tissue immune cell populations in DCreg-infused live-donor liver transplant (LDLT) recipients up to 12 months (M) after transplant. Thirteen patients were given a single infusion of donor-derived DCreg 1 week before transplant (STUDY) and were compared with 40 propensity-matched standard-of-care (SOC) patients. Donor-derived DCreg infusion was well tolerated in all STUDY patients. There were no differences in postoperative complications or biopsy-confirmed acute rejection compared with SOC patients up to 12M. DCreg administration was associated with lower frequencies of effector T-bet+Eomes+CD8+ T cells and CD16bright natural killer (NK) cells and an increase in putative tolerogenic CD141+CD163+ DCs compared with SOC at 12M. Antidonor proliferative capacity of interferon-γ+ (IFN-γ+) CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was lower compared with antithird party responses in STUDY participants, but not in SOC patients, at 12M. In addition, lower circulating concentrations of interleukin-12p40 (IL-12p40), IFN-γ, and CXCL10 were detected in STUDY participants compared with SOC patients at 12M. Analysis of 12M allograft biopsies revealed lower frequencies of graft-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, as well as attenuation of cytolytic TH1 effector genes and pathways among intragraft CD8+ T cells and NK cells, in DCreg-infused patients. These reductions may be conducive to reduced dependence on immunosuppressive drug therapy or immunosuppression withdrawal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lillian M Tran
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Camila Macedo
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Alan F Zahorchak
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Xinyan Gu
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Beth Elinoff
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Aatur D Singhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Brian Isett
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Adriana Zeevi
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Megan Sykes
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kevin Breen
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Avantika Srivastava
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Erin M Ables
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Douglas Landsittel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Mindi A Styn
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Abhinav Humar
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Fadi G Lakkis
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Diana M Metes
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Aghbash PS, Rasizadeh R, Arefi V, Nahand JS, Baghi HB. Immune-checkpoint expression in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of cytomegaloviruses infection after transplantation: as a diagnostic biomarker. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:280. [PMID: 37430000 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, mostly causes only slight feverish symptoms or can be asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals. However, it is known to be particularly a significant cause of morbidity in immunocompromised patients, including transplant recipients, whose immune system has been weakened due to the consumption of immunosuppressor drugs. Therefore, the diagnosis of CMV infection after transplantation is crucial. New diagnostic methods for the quick detection of CMV have been developed as a result of understanding the clinical importance of invasive CMV. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells are important components of the immune system and it may be possible to diagnose viral infections using immunological markers, such as lymphocytosis, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and serum cytokine levels. Moreover, PD-1, CTLA 4, and TIGIT, which are expressed on certain T cells and antigen-presenting cells, are over-expressed during the infection. The assessment of CMV infection based on T cell and APC activity, and the expression of immunological checkpoints, can be helpful for the diagnosis of transplant patients at risk for CMV infection. In this review, we will investigate how immune checkpoints affect immune cells and how they impair organ transplantation after CMV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Shiri Aghbash
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Rasizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Arefi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Imaichi-Kobayashi S, Kassab R, Piersigilli A, Robertson R, Leonard C, Long N, Dean B, Phaneuf M, Ling V. An electrospun macrodevice for durable encapsulation of human cells with consistent secretion of therapeutic antibodies. Biomaterials 2023; 298:122123. [PMID: 37172505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Frequent subcutaneous or intravenous administrations of therapeutic biomolecules can be costly and inconvenient for patients. Implantation of encapsulated recombinant cells represents a promising approach for the sustained delivery of biotherapeutics. However, foreign body and fibrotic response against encapsulation materials results in drastically reduced viability of encapsulated cells, presenting a major engineering challenge for biocompatibility. Here, we show that the multi-laminate electrospun retrievable macrodevice (Bio-Spun) protects genetically modified human cells after subcutaneous implant in mice. We describe here a biocompatible nanofiber device that limits fibrosis and extends implant survival. For more than 150 days, these devices supported human cells engineered to secrete the antibodies: vedolizumab, ustekinumab, and adalimumab, while eliciting minimal fibrotic response in mice. The porous electrospun cell chamber allowed secretion of the recombinant antibodies into the host bloodstream, and prevented infiltration of host cells into the chamber. High plasma levels (>50 μg/mL) of antibody were maintained in the optimized devices for more than 5 months. Our findings demonstrate that macrodevices constructed from electrospun materials are effective in protecting genetically engineered cells for the sustained administration of recombinant therapeutic antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandra Piersigilli
- Department of Drug Safety Research and Evaluation, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Christopher Leonard
- Department of Drug Safety Research and Evaluation, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Vincent Ling
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zuo Y, Xiao H, Lv D, Huang M, Wang L, Liu J, Zhang K, Shen J, Wang Z, Wu Q, Xu Y. Infection pattern and immunological characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus latent infection in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28717. [PMID: 37184049 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies reported the association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), but its infection pattern and clinical significance unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the infection pattern, clinicopathology, outcomes, and immunology of this entity in central China. We evaluated a total of 104 untreated CSCC tumor tissue specimens using in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBERs), and by employing flowcytometry fluorescence hybridization for human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping. The expression of EBV latency proteins and immune biomarkers was evaluated and quantified by immunohistochemistry. EBERs transcripts were detected in 21 (20.2%) cases overall (in malignant epithelial cells of 13 cases and in lymphocytes of 8 cases). EBV belonged to latency type I infection in CSCC. The high-risk (HR)-HPV was detected in all of EBV-positive CSCC, and the difference of detection rate of HR-HPV was significant when compared with EBV-negative CSCC (p = 0.001). The specific clinicopathology with increased frequency of advanced clinical stages, tumor-positive lymph nodes, neural invasion, and increased infiltration depth (all p value < 0.05) were observed in cases with EBV. However, EBV infection was found to have no impact on prognosis of patients with CSCC. Increased densities of forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+-tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (p = 0.005) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4)+-TILs (p = 0.017) and higher expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) (p = 0.002) and programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) (p = 0.040) were associated with EBV latent infection in CSCC, and these immunological changes were more likely to be associated with the infection in lymphocytes rather than tumor cells. Moreover, in patients with HPV-positive CSCC, similar significant differences were still found. In conclusions, EBV-positive CSCC may have specific infection pattern and clinicopathology and can exhibit an immunosuppressive microenvironment dominated by Treg cells aggregation and immune checkpoint activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zuo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Miaomiao Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lianzi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaqing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jilong Shen
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhongxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Patterson CM, Jolly EC, Burrows F, Ronan NJ, Lyster H. Conventional and Novel Approaches to Immunosuppression in Lung Transplantation. Clin Chest Med 2023; 44:121-136. [PMID: 36774159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Most therapeutic advances in immunosuppression have occurred over the past few decades. Although modern strategies have been effective in reducing acute cellular rejection, excess immunosuppression comes at the price of toxicity, opportunistic infection, and malignancy. As our understanding of the immune system and allograft rejection becomes more nuanced, there is an opportunity to evolve immunosuppression protocols to optimize longer term outcomes while mitigating the deleterious effects of traditional protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Patterson
- Transplant Continuing Care Unit, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine C Jolly
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fay Burrows
- Department of Pharmacy, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicola J Ronan
- Transplant Continuing Care Unit, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Haifa Lyster
- Cardiothoracic Transplant Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Part of Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College, London, United Kingdom; Pharmacy Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Part of Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
García-Martínez Y, Borriello M, Capolongo G, Ingrosso D, Perna AF. The Gut Microbiota in Kidney Transplantation: A Target for Personalized Therapy? BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020163. [PMID: 36829442 PMCID: PMC9952448 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Kidney transplantation improves quality of life, morbidity, and mortality of patients with kidney failure. However, integrated immunosuppressive therapy required to preserve graft function is associated with the development of post-transplant complications, including infections, altered immunosuppressive metabolism, gastrointestinal toxicity, and diarrhea. The gut microbiota has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for personalizing immunosuppressive therapy and managing post-transplant complications. This review reports current evidence on gut microbial dysbiosis in kidney transplant recipients, alterations in their gut microbiota associated with kidney transplantation outcomes, and the application of gut microbiota intervention therapies in treating post-transplant complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuselys García-Martínez
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Pansini, Bldg 17, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Margherita Borriello
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Capolongo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Pansini, Bldg 17, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Diego Ingrosso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra F. Perna
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Pansini, Bldg 17, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cao L, Ma X, Zhang J, Yang M, He Z, Yang C, Li S, Rong P, Wang W. CD27-Expressing Xenoantigen-Expanded Human Regulatory T Cells Are Efficient in Suppressing Xenogeneic Immune Response. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897221149444. [PMID: 36644879 PMCID: PMC9846302 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221149444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, xenotransplantation often leads to T-cell-mediated graft rejection. Immunosuppressive agents including polyclonal regulatory T cells (poly-Tregs) promote global immunosuppression, resulting in serious infections and malignancies in patients. Xenoantigen-expanded Tregs (xeno-Tregs) have become a promising immune therapy strategy to protect xenografts with fewer side effects. In this study, we aimed to identify an efficient and stable subset of xeno-Tregs. We enriched CD27+ xeno-Tregs using cell sorting and evaluated their suppressive functions and stability in vitro via mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), real-time polymerase chain reaction, inflammatory induction assay, and Western blotting. A STAT5 inhibitor was used to investigate the relationship between the function and stability of CD27+ xeno-Tregs and the JAK3-STAT5 signaling pathway. A humanized xenotransplanted mouse model was used to evaluate the function of CD27+ xeno-Tregs in vivo. Our results show that CD27+ xeno-Tregs express higher levels of Foxp3, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4), and Helios and lower levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) than their CD27- counterparts. In addition, CD27+ xeno-Tregs showed enhanced suppressive function in xeno-MLR at ratios of 1:4 and 1:16 of Tregs:responder cells. Under inflammatory conditions, a lower percentage of CD27+ xeno-Tregs secretes IL-17 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). CD27+ xeno-Tregs demonstrated an upregulated JAK3-STAT5 pathway compared with that of CD27- xeno-Tregs and showed decreased Foxp3, Helios, and CTLA4 expression after addition of STAT5 inhibitor. Mice that received porcine skin grafts showed a normal tissue phenotype and less leukocyte infiltration after reconstitution with CD27+ xeno-Tregs. Taken together, these data indicate that CD27+ xeno-Tregs may suppress immune responses in a xenoantigen-specific manner, which might be related to the activation of the JAK3-STAT5 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cao
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Yang
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhu He
- Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cejun Yang
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sang Li
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- The Institute for Cell Transplantation
and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,
China,Department of Radiology, The Third
XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Wei Wang, The Institute for Cell
Transplantation and Gene Therapy, The Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South
University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang K, Huang Q, Peng L, Lin S, Liu J, Zhang J, Li C, Zhai S, Xu Z, Wang S. The multifunctional roles of autophagy in the innate immune response: Implications for regulation of transplantation rejection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1007559. [PMID: 36619861 PMCID: PMC9810636 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1007559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation is the main treatment for end-stage organ failure, which has rescued tens of thousands of lives. Immune rejection is the main factor affecting the survival of transplanted organs. How to suppress immune rejection is an important goal of transplantation research. A graft first triggers innate immune responses, leading to graft inflammation, tissue injury and cell death, followed by adaptive immune activation. At present, the importance of innate immunity in graft rejection is poorly understood. Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation system, is proven to be involved in regulating innate immune response following graft transplants. Moreover, there is evidence indicating that autophagy can regulate graft dysfunction. Although the specific mechanism by which autophagy affects graft rejection remains unclear, autophagy is involved in innate immune signal transduction, inflammatory response, and various forms of cell death after organ transplantation. This review summarizes how autophagy regulates these processes and proposes potential targets for alleviating immune rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunli Zhang
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laru Peng
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International BioIsland, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Guangdong Yantang Dairy Co, Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, China
| | - Chunling Li
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaolun Zhai
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhihong Xu, ; Sutian Wang,
| | - Sutian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, China,*Correspondence: Zhihong Xu, ; Sutian Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hotta K, Hirose T, Kawai T. Clinical trials for renal allograft tolerance induction through combined hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A narrative review. Int J Urol 2022; 29:1397-1404. [PMID: 36101964 DOI: 10.1111/iju.15035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
During the last four decades, development of effective immunosuppressants has significantly improved short-term results of organ transplantation. However, long-term results have not been satisfactory due to chronic rejection or complications caused by immunosuppressive drugs. Therefore, induction of immunological tolerance of the transplanted organ is considered essential to improve the long-term results. Despite numerous tolerance strategies that have been successful in murine models, inducing hematopoietic chimerism through donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only method that reproducibly induces kidney allograft tolerance in nonhuman primates or humans. Combining kidney and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to achieve allograft tolerance has now been attempted with different chimerism strategies. This review summarizes the status of current clinical trials on the induction of allograft tolerance. We also summarize recent studies to extend the chimerism approach to deceased donor transplant recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyohiko Hotta
- Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hirose
- Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jordan SC, Ammerman N, Huang E, Vo A. Importance of IL-6 inhibition in prevention and treatment of antibody-mediated rejection in kidney allografts. Am J Transplant 2022; 22 Suppl 4:28-37. [PMID: 36453709 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.17207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine critical for innate and adaptive immune responses. However, persistent expression of high levels of IL-6 are associated with a number of pathologic conditions including autoimmune diseases and capillary leak syndrome. Importantly, in kidney transplant patients, IL-6 may play a role in mediation of cell-mediated rejection (CMR) and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). This is likely due to the importance of IL-6 in stimulating B cell responses with pathogenic donor-specific antibody (DSA) generation and stimulation of T effector cell responses while inhibiting T regulatory cells. Data from preliminary clinical trials and clinical observations show that tocilizumab (anti-IL-6R) and clazakizumab (anti-IL-6) may have promise in treatment of CMR, AMR and chronic (cAMR). This has led to a phase 3 placebo, randomized clinical trial of clazakizumab for treatment of cAMR, a condition for which there is currently no treatment. The identification of IL-6 production in vascular endothelia cells after alloimmune activation reveals another potential pathway for vasculitis as endothelia cell IL-6 may stimulate immune cell responses that are potentially inhibitable with anti-IL-6/IL-6R treatment. Importantly, anti-IL-6/IL-6R treatments have shown the ability to induce Treg and Breg cells in vivo which may have potential importance for prevention and treatment of DSA development and allograft rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley C Jordan
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, California, USA
| | - Noriko Ammerman
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, California, USA
| | - Edmund Huang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, California, USA
| | - Ashley Vo
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Vagiotas L, Stangou M, Kasimatis E, Xochelli A, Myserlis G, Lioulios G, Nikolaidou V, Panteli M, Ouranos K, Antoniadis N, Maria D, Papagianni A, Tsoulfas G, Fylaktou A. Effect of panel reactive antibodies on T cell immunity reinstatement following renal transplantation. World J Transplant 2022; 12:313-324. [PMID: 36313234 PMCID: PMC9614585 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v12.i10.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease is associated with immunological disorders, presented as phenotypic alterations of T lymphocytes. These changes are expected to be restored after a successful renal transplantation; however, additional parameters may contribute to this process.
AIM To evaluate the impact of positive panel reactive antibodies (PRAs) on the restoration of T cell phenotype, after renal transplantation.
METHODS CD4CD28null, CD8CD28null, natural killer cells (NKs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs) were estimated by flow cytometry at T0, T3, and T6 which were the time of transplantation, and 3- and 6-mo follow-up, respectively. Changes were estimated regarding the presence or absence of PRAs.
RESULTS Patients were classified in two groups: PRA(-) (n = 43) and PRA(+) (n = 28) groups. Lymphocyte and their subtypes were similar between the two groups at T0, whereas their percentage was increased at T3 in PRA(-) compared to PRA(+) [23 (10.9-47.9) vs 16.4 (7.5-36.8 μ/L, respectively; P = 0.03]. Lymphocyte changes in PRA(-) patients included a significant increase in CD4 cells (P < 0.0001), CD8 cells (P < 0.0001), and Tregs (P < 0.0001), and a reduction of NKs (P < 0.0001). PRA(+) patients showed an increase in CD4 (P = 0.008) and CD8 (P = 0.0001), and a reduction in NKs (P = 0.07). CD4CD28null and CD8CD28null cells, although initially reduced in both groups, were stabilized thereafter.
CONCLUSION Our study described important differences in the immune response between PRA(+) and PRA(-) patients with changes in lymphocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations. PRA(+) patients seemed to have a worse immune profile after 6 mo follow-up, regardless of renal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lampros Vagiotas
- Department of Transplant Surgery, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Maria Stangou
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Efstratios Kasimatis
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Aliki Xochelli
- Department of Immunology, National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Grigorios Myserlis
- Department of Transplant Surgery, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Georgios Lioulios
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Nikolaidou
- Department of Immunology, National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Manolis Panteli
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Ouranos
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Antoniadis
- Department of Transplant Surgery, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Daoudaki Maria
- Medical School Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Papagianni
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsoulfas
- Department of Transplant Surgery, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Asimina Fylaktou
- Department of Immunology, National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang X, Ye F, Xiong M, Xiu B, Chi W, Zhang Q, Xue J, Chen M, Zhang L, Wu J, Chi Y. Cross-talk of four types of RNA modification proteins with adenosine reveals the landscape of multivariate prognostic patterns in breast cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:943378. [PMID: 36118888 PMCID: PMC9479131 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.943378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumour, and its heterogeneity is one of its major characteristics. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), alternative polyadenylation (APA), and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing constitute the four most common adenosine-associated RNA modifications and represent the most typical and critical forms of epigenetic regulation contributing to the immunoinflammatory response, tumorigenesis and tumour heterogeneity. However, the cross-talk and potential combined profiles of these RNA-modified proteins (RMPs) in multivariate prognostic patterns of BC remain unknown.Methods: A total of 48 published RMPs were analysed and found to display significant expression alterations and genomic mutation rates between tumour and normal tissues in the TCGA-BRCA cohort. Data from 4188 BC patients with clinical outcomes were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC), normalized and merged into one cohort. The prognostic value and interconnections of these RMPs were also studied. The four prognosis-related genes (PRGs) with the greatest prognostic value were then selected to construct diverse RMP-associated prognostic models through univariate Cox (uniCox) regression analysis, differential expression analysis, Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox (multiCox) regression. Alterations in biological functional pathways, genomic mutations, immune infiltrations, RNAss scores and drug sensitivities among different models, as well as their prognostic value, were then explored.Results: Utilizing a large number of samples and a comprehensive set of genes contributing to adenosine-associated RNA modification, our study revealed the joint potential bio-functions and underlying features of these diverse RMPs and provided effective models (PRG clusters, gene clusters and the risk model) for predicting the clinical outcomes of BC. The individuals with higher risk scores showed poor prognoses, cell cycle function enrichment, upregulation of stemness scores, higher tumour mutation burdens (TMBs), immune activation and specific drug resistance. This work highlights the significance of comprehensively examining post-transcriptional RNA modification genes.Conclusion: Here, we designed and verified an advanced forecasting model to reveal the underlying links between BC and RMPs and precisely predict the clinical outcomes of multivariate prognostic patterns for individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuliren Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangdie Ye
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xiong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqiu Xiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiru Chi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyan Xue
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jiong Wu, ; Yayun Chi,
| | - Yayun Chi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jiong Wu, ; Yayun Chi,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Huang J, Chen X, Jiang Y, Zhang C, He S, Wang H, Pu K. Renal clearable polyfluorophore nanosensors for early diagnosis of cancer and allograft rejection. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:598-607. [PMID: 35422505 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optical nanoparticles are promising diagnostic tools; however, their shallow optical imaging depth and slow clearance from the body have impeded their use for in vivo disease detection. To address these limitations, we develop activatable polyfluorophore nanosensors with biomarker-triggered nanoparticle-to-molecule pharmacokinetic conversion and near-infrared fluorogenic turn-on response. Activatable polyfluorophore nanosensors can accumulate at the disease site and react with disease-associated proteases to undergo in situ enzyme-catalysed depolymerization. This disease-specific interaction liberates renal-clearable fluorogenic fragments from activatable polyfluorophore nanosensors for non-invasive longitudinal urinalysis and outperforms the gold standard blood and urine assays, providing a level of sensitivity and specificity comparable to those of invasive biopsy and flow cytometry analysis. In rodent models, activatable polyfluorophore nanosensors enable ultrasensitive detection of tumours (1.6 mm diameter) and early diagnosis of acute liver allograft rejection. We anticipate that our modular nanosensor platform may be applied for early diagnosis of a range of diseases via a simple urine test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaguo Huang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaona Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuyan Jiang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shasha He
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hall BM, Verma ND, Tran GT, Hodgkinson SJ. Transplant Tolerance, Not Only Clonal Deletion. Front Immunol 2022; 13:810798. [PMID: 35529847 PMCID: PMC9069565 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.810798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest to understand how allogeneic transplanted tissue is not rejected and how tolerance is induced led to fundamental concepts in immunology. First, we review the research that led to the Clonal Deletion theory in the late 1950s that has since dominated the field of immunology and transplantation. At that time many basic mechanisms of immune response were unknown, including the role of lymphocytes and T cells in rejection. These original observations are reassessed by considering T regulatory cells that are produced by thymus of neonates to prevent autoimmunity. Second, we review "operational tolerance" induced in adult rodents and larger animals such as pigs. This can occur spontaneously especially with liver allografts, but also can develop after short courses of a variety of rejection inhibiting therapies. Over time these animals develop alloantigen specific tolerance to the graft but retain the capacity to reject third-party grafts. These animals have a "split tolerance" as peripheral lymphocytes from these animals respond to donor alloantigen in graft versus host assays and in mixed lymphocyte cultures, indicating there is no clonal deletion. Investigation of this phenomenon excludes many mechanisms, including anti-donor antibody blocking rejection as well as anti-idiotypic responses mediated by antibody or T cells. This split tolerance is transferred to a second immune-depleted host by T cells that retain the capacity to effect rejection of third-party grafts by the same host. Third, we review research on alloantigen specific inhibitory T cells that led to the first identification of the CD4+CD25+T regulatory cell. The key role of T cell derived cytokines, other than IL-2, in promoting survival and expansion of antigen specific T regulatory cells that mediate transplant tolerance is reviewed. The precise methods for inducing and diagnosing operational tolerance remain to be defined, but antigen specific T regulatory cells are key mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce M. Hall
- Immune Tolerance Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Ingham Institute, and Renal Service and Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lapp MM, Lin G, Komin A, Andrews L, Knudson M, Mossman L, Raimondi G, Arciero JC. Modeling the Potential of Treg-Based Therapies for Transplant Rejection: Effect of Dose, Timing, and Accumulation Site. Transpl Int 2022; 35:10297. [PMID: 35479106 PMCID: PMC9035492 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2022.10297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells (Tregs) has emerged as a method to promote graft tolerance. Clinical trials have demonstrated the safety of adoptive transfer and are now assessing their therapeutic efficacy. Strategies that generate large numbers of antigen specific Tregs are even more efficacious. However, the combinations of factors that influence the outcome of adoptive transfer are too numerous to be tested experimentally. Here, mathematical modeling is used to predict the most impactful treatment scenarios. Methods: We adapted our mathematical model of murine heart transplant rejection to simulate Treg adoptive transfer and to correlate therapeutic efficacy with Treg dose and timing, frequency of administration, and distribution of injected cells. Results: The model predicts that Tregs directly accumulating to the graft are more protective than Tregs localizing to draining lymph nodes. Inhibiting antigen-presenting cell maturation and effector functions at the graft site was more effective at modulating rejection than inhibition of T cell activation in lymphoid tissues. These complex dynamics define non-intuitive relationships between graft survival and timing and frequency of adoptive transfer. Conclusion: This work provides the framework for better understanding the impact of Treg adoptive transfer and will guide experimental design to improve interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya M. Lapp
- Department of Mathematics, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Guang Lin
- Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Alexander Komin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Leah Andrews
- Department of Mathematics, St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN, United States
| | - Mei Knudson
- Department of Mathematics, Carleton College, Northfield, MN, United States
| | - Lauren Mossman
- Department of Mathematics, St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN, United States
| | - Giorgio Raimondi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Giorgio Raimondi, ; Julia C. Arciero,
| | - Julia C. Arciero
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States,*Correspondence: Giorgio Raimondi, ; Julia C. Arciero,
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xie J, Ma G, Zhou L, He L, Zhang Z, Tan P, Huang Z, Fang S, Wang T, Lee Y, Wen S, Siwko S, Wang L, Liu J, Du Y, Zhang N, Liu X, Han L, Huang Y, Wang R, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Han W. Identification of a STIM1 Splicing Variant that Promotes Glioblastoma Growth. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103940. [PMID: 35076181 PMCID: PMC9008427 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Deregulated store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) mediated by aberrant STIM1-ORAI1 signaling is closely implicated in cancer initiation and progression. Here the authors report the identification of an alternatively spliced variant of STIM1, designated STIM1β, that harbors an extra exon to encode 31 additional amino acids in the cytoplasmic domain. STIM1β, highly conserved in mammals, is aberrantly upregulated in glioma tissues to perturb Ca2+ signaling. At the molecular level, the 31-residue insertion destabilizes STIM1β by perturbing its cytosolic inhibitory domain and accelerating its activation kinetics to efficiently engage and gate ORAI calcium channels. Functionally, STIM1β depletion affects SOCE in glioblastoma cells, suppresses tumor cell proliferation and growth both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, their study establishes a splicing variant-specific tumor-promoting role of STIM1β that can be potentially targeted for glioblastoma intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Xie
- Department of Medical OncologyLaboratory of Cancer BiologyInstitute of Clinical ScienceSir Run Run Shaw HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Guolin Ma
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular DevelopmentCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
| | - Lian He
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Zhao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular MedicineDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Peng Tan
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Zixian Huang
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Shaohai Fang
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease PreventionInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Tianlu Wang
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Yi‐Tsang Lee
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Shufan Wen
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Stefan Siwko
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Liuqing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular DevelopmentCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
| | - Jindou Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular DevelopmentCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
| | - Yangchun Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular DevelopmentCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
| | - Ningxia Zhang
- Department of Medical OncologyLaboratory of Cancer BiologyInstitute of Clinical ScienceSir Run Run Shaw HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Leng Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonTX77030USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease PreventionInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Yun Huang
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease PreventionInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Youjun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular DevelopmentCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Center for Translational Cancer ResearchInstitute of Biosciences and TechnologyTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical OncologyLaboratory of Cancer BiologyInstitute of Clinical ScienceSir Run Run Shaw HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded regulatory T-cells improves immune cell engraftment and therapy-refractory chronic GvHD. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2298-2314. [PMID: 35240319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-Host-Disease (GvHD) is still the major non-relapse, life-limiting complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Modern pharmacologic immunosuppression is often insufficient and associated with significant side effects. Novel treatment strategies now include adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded regulatory T-cells (Tregs), but their efficacy in chronic GvHD is unknown. We treated three children suffering from severe, therapy-refractory GvHD with polyclonally expanded Tregs generated from the original stem cell donor. Third-line maintenance immunosuppression was tapered to Cyclosporin A and low-dose steroids shortly before cell transfer. Regular follow-up included assessment of the subjective and objective clinical development, safety parameters and in-depth immune monitoring. All patients showed marked clinical improvement with substantially reduced GvHD activity. Laboratory follow-up showed a significant enhancement of the immunologic engraftment including lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Monitoring the fate of Tregs by next generation sequencing demonstrated clonal expansion. In summary, adoptive transfer of Tregs was well tolerated and able to modulate an established undesired T-cell mediated allo-response. Although no signs of overimmunosuppression were detectable, treatment of patients with invasive opportunistic infections should be undertaken with caution. Further controlled studies, are necessary to confirm these encouraging effects and eventually pave the way for adoptive Treg therapy in chronic GvHD.
Collapse
|
34
|
Li P, Zhang Y, Li Q, Zhang Y. Effect of HO-1-modified BMMSCs on immune function in liver transplantation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3046. [PMID: 35197503 PMCID: PMC8866406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined whether haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) could enhance the immunosuppressive effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) on the rejection of transplanted liver allografts in rats. The animals were divided into three groups: the normal saline (NS) group, BMMSC group and HO-1/BMMSCs group. In vitro, the extraction, culture and HO-1 transfection of BMMSCs were performed. Mixed lymphocyte response (MLR) analysis of HO-1/BMMSCs efficacy was performed. The rejection model of orthotopic liver transplantation in rats was established when BMMSCs and HO-1/BMMSCs were transfused via the portal vein. To reduce research bias, we established an isogenic Liver transplantation model of (LEW → LEW) and (BN → BN), which can achieve tolerance. Changes in histopathology and liver function in the transplanted liver and changes in regulatory T cell (Tregs), natural killer (NK) cells and cytokines after transplantation were observed in the different groups. The severe acute rejection after liver transplantation on postoperative Day 10 was observed in the NS group. The BMMSC group showed strong protective effects against rejection within the first 10 days after transplantation, while HO-1/BMMSCs showed stronger effects on rejection than BMMSCs alone. In addition, the activity of natural killer (NK) cells decreased significantly, the levels of regulatory T cells (Tregs), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) increased significantly and the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-23 (IL-23), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) decreased significantly in the HO-1/BMMSC group compared with the BMMSC group. HO-1/BMMSCs showed better immunosuppressive effects after liver transplantation than the other treatments. Our findings reveal that HO-1 can enhance the effects of BMMSCs on inhibiting acute rejection in orthotopic liver transplantation in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, 441000, China
| | - Yuyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, 441000, China.
| | - Qiongxia Li
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy Centre, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, 441000, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xinchang Hospital Affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University, Shaoxing, 312500, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Xue Y, Che J, Ji X, Li Y, Xie J, Chen X. Recent advances in biomaterial-boosted adoptive cell therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1766-1794. [PMID: 35170589 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00786f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapies based on the transfer of functional immune cells hold great promise in treating a wide range of malignant diseases, especially cancers, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. However, manufacturing issues and biological barriers lead to the insufficient population of target-selective effector cells at diseased sites after adoptive transfer, hindering effective clinical translation. The convergence of immunology, cellular biology, and materials science lays a foundation for developing biomaterial-based engineering platforms to overcome these challenges. Biomaterials can be rationally designed to improve ex vivo immune cell expansion, expedite functional engineering, facilitate protective delivery of immune cells in situ, and navigate the infused cells in vivo. Herein, this review presents a comprehensive summary of the latest progress in biomaterial-based strategies to enhance the efficacy of adoptive cell therapy, focusing on function-specific biomaterial design, and also discusses the challenges and prospects of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonger Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. .,Center for BioDelivery Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.,Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Junyi Che
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xuemei Ji
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yunuo Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Jinbing Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. .,Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore. .,Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.,Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kim SJ, Kim JY, Kim EJ, Lee H, Cho Y, Kim MS, Kim YS, Kim BS, Huh KH. The Immunomodulating Effects of Thalidomide and Dexamethasone in a Murine Cardiac Allograft Transplantation Model. Yonsei Med J 2022; 63:158-165. [PMID: 35083901 PMCID: PMC8819408 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2022.63.2.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The immunomodulatory effects of thalidomide (TM) and dexamethasone (DX) on immune cells and their co-stimulatory, co-inhibitory molecules in vitro and in vivo have been previously reported. The current study investigated the effects of TM and the combinatorial treatment with DX on immune cells using a murine cardiac allograft transplantation model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intraabdominal transplant of cardiac allografts from BALB/c (H-2d) donors to C57BL/6 (H-2b) recipients was performed. After transplantation, mice were injected daily with TM or DX or a combination of both TM and DX (TM/DX) by intraperitoneal route until the time of graft loss. CD4+ T cell subsets and CD11c+ cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and spleen were examined and quantified with flow cytometry. Serum IL-6 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on day 7. RESULTS The mean graft survivals were 6.86 days in the untreated group, and 10.0 days in the TM/DX group (p<0.001). The TM/DX treatment affected the CD4+ T cell subsets without suppressing the total CD4+ T cell population. The CD4+FOXP3+/CD4+CD44hi T cell ratio increased. Increase in cell counts and median fluorescence intensity on CD11c+CD85k+ with TM/DX were observed. The inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 was also observed. CONCLUSION These outcomes suggest the immunomodulating effect of the TM/DX combinatorial treatment. In conclusion, TM/DX combination may be a promising immunomodulatory approach for preventing allograft rejection and improving graft survival by inducing tolerance in transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Ye Kim
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jee Kim
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyojung Lee
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yuri Cho
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu Seun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Seok Kim
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kyu Ha Huh
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fu J, Lehmann CHK, Wang X, Wahlbuhl M, Allabauer I, Wilde B, Amon L, Dolff S, Cesnjevar R, Kribben A, Woelfle J, Rascher W, Hoyer PF, Dudziak D, Witzke O, Hoerning A. CXCR4 blockade reduces the severity of murine heart allograft rejection by plasmacytoid dendritic cell-mediated immune regulation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23815. [PMID: 34893663 PMCID: PMC8664946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03115-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Allograft-specific regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are crucial for long-term graft acceptance after transplantation. Although adoptive Treg cell transfer has been proposed, major challenges include graft-specificity and stability. Thus, there is an unmet need for the direct induction of graft-specific Treg cells. We hypothesized a synergism of the immunotolerogenic effects of rapamycin (mTOR inhibition) and plerixafor (CXCR4 antagonist) for Treg cell induction. Thus, we performed fully-mismatched heart transplantations and found combination treatment to result in prolonged allograft survival. Moreover, fibrosis and myocyte lesions were reduced. Although less CD3+ T cell infiltrated, higher Treg cell numbers were observed. Noteworthy, this was accompanied by a plerixafor-dependent plasmacytoid dendritic cells-(pDCs)-mobilization. Furthermore, in vivo pDC-depletion abrogated the plerixafor-mediated Treg cell number increase and reduced allograft survival. Our pharmacological approach allowed to increase Treg cell numbers due to pDC-mediated immune regulation. Therefore pDCs can be an attractive immunotherapeutic target in addition to plerixafor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fu
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,The Emergency and Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hai Nan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Christian H K Lehmann
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Research Module II, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052, Erlangen, Germany. .,Medical Immunology Campus and German Centre for Immuntherapy (Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie-DZI) Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Xinning Wang
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mandy Wahlbuhl
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ida Allabauer
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Wilde
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lukas Amon
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Research Module II, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dolff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universitätsmedizin Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Robert Cesnjevar
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Kribben
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim Woelfle
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rascher
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter F Hoyer
- Department of Pediatrics II, Pediatric Nephrology, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Transplant Medicine, Children's Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Research Module II, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus and German Centre for Immuntherapy (Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie-DZI) Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Witzke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universitätsmedizin Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - André Hoerning
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. .,Department of Pediatrics II, Pediatric Nephrology, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Transplant Medicine, Children's Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhou K, Chen X, Zhang L, Yang Z, Zhu H, Guo D, Su R, Chen H, Li H, Song P, Xu X, Wang H, Zheng S, Xie H. Targeting peripheral immune organs with self-assembling prodrug nanoparticles ameliorates allogeneic heart transplant rejection. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:3871-3882. [PMID: 34212503 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Organ transplantation has become a mainstay of therapy for patients with end-stage organ diseases. However, long-term administration of immunosuppressive agents, a scheme for improving the survival of transplant recipients, has been compromised by severe side effects and posttransplant complications. Therapeutic delivery targeting immune organs has the potential to address these unmet medical issues. Here, through screening of a small panel of mammalian target of rapamycin complex kinase inhibitor (TORKinib) compounds, a TORKinib PP242 is identified to be able to inhibit T cell function. Further chemical derivatization of PP242 using polyunsaturated fatty acids (i.e., docosahexaenoic acid) transforms this water-insoluble hydrophobic agent into a self-assembling nanoparticle (DHA-PP242 nanoparticle [DPNP]). Surface PEGylation of DPNP with amphiphilic copolymers renders the nanoparticles aqueously soluble for preclinical studies. Systemically administered DPNP shows tropism for macrophages within peripheral immune organs. Furthermore, DPNP regulates differentiation of adoptively transferred T cells in a macrophage-dependent manner in Rag1-/- mouse model. In an experimental model of heart transplantation, DPNP significantly extends the survival of grafts through inducing immune suppression, thus reducing the inflammatory response of the recipients. These findings suggest that targeted delivery of TORKinibs exploiting prodrug-assembled nanoparticle scaffolds may provide a therapeutic option against organ rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhentao Yang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danjing Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Su
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Penghong Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li J, Thomson AW, Rogers NM. Myeloid and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies for Solid Organ Transplant Tolerance. Transplantation 2021; 105:e303-e321. [PMID: 33756544 PMCID: PMC8455706 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation is now performed globally as a routine procedure. However, the increased demand for donor organs and consequent expansion of donor criteria has created an imperative to maximize the quality of these gains. The goal is to balance preservation of allograft function against patient quality-of-life, despite exposure to long-term immunosuppression. Elimination of immunosuppressive therapy to avoid drug toxicity, with concurrent acceptance of the allograft-so-called operational tolerance-has proven elusive. The lack of recent advances in immunomodulatory drug development, together with advances in immunotherapy in oncology, has prompted interest in cell-based therapies to control the alloimmune response. Extensive experimental work in animals has characterized regulatory immune cell populations that can induce and maintain tolerance, demonstrating that their adoptive transfer can promote donor-specific tolerance. An extension of this large body of work has resulted in protocols for manufacture, as well as early-phase safety and feasibility trials for many regulatory cell types. Despite the excitement generated by early clinical trials in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation, there is as yet no clinically validated, approved regulatory cell therapy for transplantation. In this review, we summarize recent advances in this field, with a focus on myeloid and mesenchymal cell therapies, including current understanding of the mechanisms of action of regulatory immune cells, and clinical trials in organ transplantation using these cells as therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Li
- Center of Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Natasha M Rogers
- Center of Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Schwarz C, Mahr B, Muckenhuber M, Weijler AM, Unger LW, Pilat N, Latus M, Regele H, Wekerle T. In vivo Treg expansion under costimulation blockade targets early rejection and improves long-term outcome. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:3765-3774. [PMID: 34152692 PMCID: PMC9292010 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
CTLA4Ig has been shown to improve kidney allograft function, but an increased frequency of early rejection episodes poses a major obstacle for more widespread clinical use. The deleterious effect of CTLA4Ig on Treg numbers provides a possible explanation for graft injury. Therefore, we aimed at improving CTLA4Ig's efficacy by therapeutically increasing the number of Tregs. Murine cardiac allograft transplantation (BALB/c to B6) was performed under CTLA4Ig therapy modeled after the clinically approved dosing regimen and Tregs were transferred early or late after transplant. Neither early nor late Treg transfer prolonged allograft survival. Transferred Tregs were traceable in various lymphoid compartments but only modestly increased overall Treg numbers. Next, we augmented Treg numbers in vivo by means of IL2 complexes. A short course of IL2/anti-IL2-complexes administered before transplantation reversed the CTLA4Ig-mediated decline in Tregs. Of note, the addition of IL2/anti-IL2-complexes to CTLA4Ig therapy substantially prolonged heart allograft survival and significantly improved graft histology on day 100. The depletion of Tregs abrogated this effect and resulted in a significantly diminished allograft survival. The increase in Treg numbers upon IL2 treatment was associated with a decreased expression of B7 on dendritic cells. These results demonstrate that therapy with IL2 complexes improves the efficacy of CTLA4Ig by counterbalancing its unfavorable effect on Tregs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schwarz
- Section of Transplantation ImmunologyDivision of TransplantationDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria,Division of Visceral SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Benedikt Mahr
- Section of Transplantation ImmunologyDivision of TransplantationDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Moritz Muckenhuber
- Section of Transplantation ImmunologyDivision of TransplantationDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Anna Marianne Weijler
- Section of Transplantation ImmunologyDivision of TransplantationDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Lukas Walter Unger
- Section of Transplantation ImmunologyDivision of TransplantationDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria,Division of Visceral SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Nina Pilat
- Section of Transplantation ImmunologyDivision of TransplantationDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michaela Latus
- Section of Transplantation ImmunologyDivision of TransplantationDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Heinz Regele
- Clinical Institute of PathologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Wekerle
- Section of Transplantation ImmunologyDivision of TransplantationDepartment of General SurgeryMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tang Z, Xiao Y, Kong N, Liu C, Chen W, Huang X, Xu D, Ouyang J, Feng C, Wang C, Wang J, Zhang H, Tao W. Nano-bio interfaces effect of two-dimensional nanomaterials and their applications in cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3447-3464. [PMID: 34900529 PMCID: PMC8642437 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial-based cancer immunotherapy combines research from multiple subdisciplines of material science, nano-chemistry, in particular nano-biological interactions, immunology, and medicinal chemistry. Most importantly, the "biological identity" of nanomaterials governed by bio-molecular corona in terms of bimolecular types, relative abundance, and conformation at the nanomaterial surface is now believed to influence blood circulation time, bio-distribution, immune response, cellular uptake, and intracellular trafficking. A better understanding of nano-bio interactions can improve utilization of 2D nano-architectures for cancer immunotherapy and immunotheranostics, allowing them to be adapted or modified to treat other immune dysregulation syndromes including autoimmune diseases or inflammation, infection, tissue regeneration, and transplantation. The manuscript reviews the biological interactions and immunotherapeutic applications of 2D nanomaterials, including understanding their interactions with biological molecules of the immune system, summarizes and prospects the applications of 2D nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Tang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yufen Xiao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chuang Liu
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiangang Huang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daiyun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiang Ouyang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chan Feng
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cong Wang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junqing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Han Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li Y, An H, Shen C, Wang B, Zhang T, Hong Y, Jiang H, Zhou P, Ding X. Deep phenotyping of T cell populations under long-term treatment of tacrolimus and rapamycin in patients receiving renal transplantations by mass cytometry. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e629. [PMID: 34841735 PMCID: PMC8574956 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tacrolimus (FK506) and rapamycin (RAPA) are widely used to maintain long-term immunosuppression after organ transplantation. However, the impact of accumulative drug administration on the recipients' immune systems remains unclear. We investigated the impact of 3-year FK506 or RAPA treatment after renal transplantation on the human immune systems. A discovery cohort of 30 patients was first recruited, and we discovered two distinctive T lineage suppressive regulatory patterns induced by chronic treatment of FK506 and RAPA. The increased percentage of senescent CD8+ CD57+ T lineages and less responsive T cell receptor (TCR) pathway in the FK506 group indicate better graft acceptance. Meanwhile, percentages of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and expression of CTLA-4 were both up to two-fold higher in the RAPA group, suggesting the inconsistent reactivation potential of the FK506 and RAPA groups when an anti-tumour or anti-infection immune response is concerned. Additionally, up-regulation of phosphorylated signaling proteins in T lineages after in vitro CD3/CD28 stimulation suggested more sensitive TCR-signaling pathways reserved in the RAPA group. An independent validation cohort of 100 renal transplantation patients was further investigated for the hypothesis that long-term RAPA administration mitigates the development of tumours and infections during long-term intake of immunosuppressants. Our results indicate that RAPA administration indeed results in less clinical oncogenesis and infection. The deep phenotyping of T-cell lineages, as educated by the long-term treatment of different immunosuppressants, provides new evidence for personalized precision medicine after renal transplantations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Huimin An
- Division of Kidney TransplantDepartment of UrologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Shen
- Department of Liver SurgeryRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Boqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Peijun Zhou
- Division of Kidney TransplantDepartment of UrologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xianting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Development of immunosuppressive myeloid cells to induce tolerance in solid organ and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. Blood Adv 2021; 5:3290-3302. [PMID: 34432869 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Replacement of failed organs followed by safe withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs has long been the goal of organ transplantation. We studied changes in the balance of T cells and myeloid cells in the blood of HLA-matched and -mismatched patients given living donor kidney transplants followed by total lymphoid irradiation, anti-thymocyte globulin conditioning, and donor hematopoietic cell transplant to induce mixed chimerism and immune tolerance. The clinical trials were based on a conditioning regimen used to establish mixed chimerism and tolerance in mice. In preclinical murine studies, there was a profound depletion of T cells and an increase in immunosuppressive polymorphonuclear (pmn) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the spleen and blood following transplant. Selective depletion of pmn MDSCs in mice abrogated mixed chimerism and tolerance. In our clinical trials, patients given an analogous tolerance conditioning regimen developed similar changes, including profound depletion of T cells and a marked increase in MDSCs in blood posttransplant. Posttransplant pmn MDSCs transiently increased expression of lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor-1, a marker of immunosuppression, and production of the T-cell inhibitor arginase-1. These posttransplant pmn MDSCs suppressed the activation, proliferation, and inflammatory cytokine secretion of autologous T-cell receptor microbead-stimulated pretransplant T cells when cocultured in vitro. In conclusion, we elucidated changes in receptors and function of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in patients enrolled in the tolerance protocol that were nearly identical to those of MDSCs required for tolerance in mice. These trials were registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00319657 and #NCT01165762.
Collapse
|
44
|
Ezzelarab MB, Zhang H, Sasaki K, Lu L, Zahorchak AF, van der Windt DJ, Dai H, Perez-Gutierrez A, Bhama JK, Thomson AW. Ex Vivo Expanded Donor Alloreactive Regulatory T Cells Lose Immunoregulatory, Proliferation, and Antiapoptotic Markers After Infusion Into ATG-lymphodepleted, Nonhuman Primate Heart Allograft Recipients. Transplantation 2021; 105:1965-1979. [PMID: 33587433 PMCID: PMC8239063 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T cell (Treg) therapy is a promising approach to amelioration of allograft rejection and promotion of organ transplant tolerance. However, the fate of infused Treg, and how this relates to their therapeutic efficacy using different immunosuppressive regimens is poorly understood. Our aim was to analyze the tissue distribution, persistence, replicative activity and phenotypic stability of autologous, donor antigen alloreactive Treg (darTreg) in anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)-lymphodepleted, heart-allografted cynomolgus monkeys. METHODS darTreg were expanded ex vivo from flow-sorted, circulating Treg using activated donor B cells and infused posttransplant into recipients of major histocompatibility complex-mismatched heart allografts. Fluorochrome-labeled darTreg were identified and characterized in peripheral blood, lymphoid, and nonlymphoid tissues and the graft by flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS darTreg selectively suppressed autologous T cell responses to donor antigens in vitro. However, following their adoptive transfer after transplantation, graft survival was not prolonged. Early (within 2 wk posttransplant; under ATG, tacrolimus, and anti-IL-6R) or delayed (6-8 wk posttransplant; under rapamycin) darTreg infusion resulted in a rapid decline in transferred darTreg in peripheral blood. Following their early or delayed infusion, labeled cells were evident in lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs and the graft at low percentages (<4% CD4+ T cells). Notably, infused darTreg showed reduced expression of immunoregulatory molecules (Foxp3 and CTLA4), Helios, the proliferative marker Ki67 and antiapoptotic Bcl2, compared with preinfusion darTreg and endogenous CD4+CD25hi Treg. CONCLUSIONS Lack of therapeutic efficacy of infused darTreg in lymphodepleted heart graft recipients appears to reflect loss of a regulatory signature and proliferative and survival capacity shortly after infusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed B. Ezzelarab
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hong Zhang
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lien Lu
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alan F. Zahorchak
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dirk J. van der Windt
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Helong Dai
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Angelica Perez-Gutierrez
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jay K. Bhama
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Angus W. Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Whang EC, Rossetti M, Guerra MR, Cheng E, Marcus EA, McDiarmid SV, Venick RS, Farmer DG, Reed EF, Wozniak LJ. Differential cytokine and chemokine expression during rejection and infection following intestinal transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2021; 69:101447. [PMID: 34400246 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Rejection and infectious enteritis in intestinal transplant (ITx) patients present with virtually identical symptoms. Currently, the gold standard for differentiating between these two conditions is endoscopy, which is invasive and costly. Our primary aim was to identify differences in peripheral blood cytokines during episodes of acute cellular rejection (ACR) and infectious enteritis in patients with intestinal transplants. METHODS This was a prospective, cross-sectional study involving ITx patients transplanted between 2000 and 2016. We studied 63 blood samples collected from 29 ITx patients during periods of normal (n = 24) and abnormal (n = 17) allograft function. PBMCs from whole blood samples were cultured under unstimulated or stimulated conditions with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The supernatant from these cultures were collected to measure cytokine and chemokine levels using a 38-plex luminex panel. RESULTS Our study found that cytokines and chemokines are differentially expressed in normal, ACR, and infectious enteritis samples under unstimulated conditions based on heatmap analysis. Although each cohort displayed distinctive signatures, only MDC (p = 0.037) was found to be significantly different between ACR and infectious enteritis. Upon stimulation of PBMCs, patients with ACR demonstrated increased immune reactivity compared to infectious enteritis; though this did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study comparing cytokine expression during acute rejection and infectious enteritis in intestinal transplant recipients. Our results suggest that cytokines have the potential to be used as clinical markers for risk stratification and/or diagnosis of ACR and infectious enteritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E C Whang
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States.
| | - M Rossetti
- Immunogenetics Center, UCLA, United States
| | - M R Guerra
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States
| | - E Cheng
- Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States
| | - E A Marcus
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States; VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, United States
| | - S V McDiarmid
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States; Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States
| | - R S Venick
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States; Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States
| | - D G Farmer
- Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States
| | - E F Reed
- Immunogenetics Center, UCLA, United States
| | - L J Wozniak
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Imaging Tolerance Induction in Neonatal Mice: Hierarchical Interplay Between Allogeneic Adult and Neonatal Immune Cells. Transplantation 2021; 105:1730-1746. [PMID: 33273316 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Medawar's murine neonatal tolerance model, injection of adult semiallogeneic lymphohematopoietic cells (spleen cells [SC] and bone marrow cells [BMC]) tolerizes the neonatal immune system. An eventual clinical application would require fully allogeneic (allo) cells, yet little is known about the complex in vivo/in situ interplay between those cells and the nonconditioned neonatal immune system. METHODS To this end, labeled adult SC and BMC were injected into allogeneic neonates; interactions between donor and host cells were analyzed and modulated by systematic depletion/inactivation of specific donor and host immune effector cell types. RESULTS Consistent with effector cell compositions, allo-SC and allo-SC/BMC each induced lethal acute graft-versus-host disease, whereas allo-BMC alone did so infrequently. CD8 T cells from SC inoculum appeared naïve, while those of BMC were more memory-like. Age-dependent, cell-type dominance defined the interplay between adult donor cells and the neonatal host immune system such that if the dominant adult effector type was removed, then the equivalent neonatal one became dominant. Depletion of donor/host peripheral T cells protected against acute graft-versus-host disease and prolonged heart allograft survival; peripheral CD8 T-cell depletion together with CD4 T cell-costimulation blockade induced more robust tolerance. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive study provides direct observation of the cellular interplay between allogeneic donor and host immune systems, adds to our previous work with semiallogeneic donor cells, and provides important insights for robust tolerance induction. Induction of transplant tolerance in neonates will likely require "crowd sourcing" of multiple tolerizing cell types and involve depletion of immune effector cells with costimulation blockade.
Collapse
|
47
|
Papafragkos I, Markaki E, Kalpadakis C, Verginis P. Decoding the Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Lymphoid Malignancies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163462. [PMID: 34441758 PMCID: PMC8397155 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid precursors which emerged as a potent regulator of the immune system, exerting suppressive properties in diverse disease settings. In regards to cancer, MDSCs have an established role in solid tumors; however, their contribution to immune regulation during hematologic malignancies and particularly in lymphomas remains ill-defined. Herein focused on lymphoma, we discuss the literature on MDSC cells in all histologic types, and we also refer to lessons learned by animal models of lymphoma. Furthermore, we elaborate on future directions and unmet needs and challenges in the MDSC field related to lymphoma malignancies which may shed light on the complex nature of the immune system in malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iosif Papafragkos
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Division of Basic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (I.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Efrosyni Markaki
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Division of Basic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (I.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Christina Kalpadakis
- Laboratory of Haematology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Laboratory Haematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (P.V.); Tel.: +30-69-4458-2738 (C.K.); +30-28-1039-4553 (P.V.)
| | - Panayotis Verginis
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Division of Basic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (I.P.); (E.M.)
- Department of Laboratory Haematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (P.V.); Tel.: +30-69-4458-2738 (C.K.); +30-28-1039-4553 (P.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Consequence of Histoincompatibility beyond GvH-Reaction in Cytomegalovirus Disease Associated with Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Change of Paradigm. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081530. [PMID: 34452395 PMCID: PMC8402734 DOI: 10.3390/v13081530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell (HC) transplantation (HCT) is the last resort to cure hematopoietic malignancies that are refractory to standard therapies. Hematoablative treatment aims at wiping out tumor cells as completely as possible to avoid leukemia/lymphoma relapse. This treatment inevitably co-depletes cells of hematopoietic cell lineages, including differentiated cells that constitute the immune system. HCT reconstitutes hematopoiesis and thus, eventually, also antiviral effector cells. In cases of an unrelated donor, that is, in allogeneic HCT, HLA-matching is performed to minimize the risk of graft-versus-host reaction and disease (GvHR/D), but a mismatch in minor histocompatibility antigens (minor HAg) is unavoidable. The transient immunodeficiency in the period between hematoablative treatment and reconstitution by HCT gives latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) the chance to reactivate from latently infected donor HC or from latently infected organs of the recipient, or from both. Clinical experience shows that HLA and/or minor-HAg mismatches increase the risk of complications from CMV. Recent results challenge the widespread, though never proven, view of a mechanistic link between GvHR/D and CMV. Instead, new evidence suggests that histoincompatibility promotes CMV disease by inducing non-cognate transplantation tolerance that inhibits an efficient reconstitution of high-avidity CD8+ T cells capable of recognizing and resolving cytopathogenic tissue infection.
Collapse
|
49
|
So EY, Sun C, Wu KQ, Dubielecka PM, Reginato AM, Liang OD. Inhibition of lipid phosphatase SHIP1 expands myeloid-derived suppressor cells and attenuates rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C569-C584. [PMID: 34288720 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00433.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune disease of unknown cause, characterized by infiltration and accumulation of activated immune cells in the synovial joints where cartilage and bone destructions occur. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are of myeloid origin and are able to suppress T cell responses. Src homology 2 domain containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) was shown to be involved in the regulation of MDSC differentiation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of inhibition of SHIP1 on expansion of MDSCs in RA using a collagen-induced inflammatory arthritis (CIA) mouse model. In DBA/1 mice treatment with a small molecule specific SHIP1 inhibitor 3α-aminocholestane (3AC) induced a marked expansion of MDSCs in vivo. Both pre-treatment with 3AC of DBA/1 mice prior to CIA induction and intervention with 3AC during CIA progression significantly reduced disease incidence and severity. Adoptive transfer of MDSCs isolated from 3AC-treated mice, but not naïve MDSCs from normal mice, into CIA mice significantly reduced disease incidence and severity, indicating that the 3AC-induced MDSCs were the cellular mediators of the observed amelioration of the disease. In conclusion, inhibition of SHIP1 expands MDSCs in vivo and attenuates development of CIA in mice. Small molecule specific inhibition of SHIP1 may therefore offer therapeutic benefit to patients with RA and other autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Young So
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Changqi Sun
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Keith Q Wu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Patrycja M Dubielecka
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Anthony M Reginato
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Olin D Liang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Macedo C, Tran LM, Zahorchak AF, Dai H, Gu X, Ravichandran R, Mohanakumar T, Elinoff B, Zeevi A, Styn MA, Humar A, Lakkis FG, Metes DM, Thomson AW. Donor-derived regulatory dendritic cell infusion results in host cell cross-dressing and T cell subset changes in prospective living donor liver transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:2372-2386. [PMID: 33171019 PMCID: PMC8215622 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory dendritic cells (DCreg) promote transplant tolerance following their adoptive transfer in experimental animals. We investigated the feasibility, safety, fate, and impact on host T cells of donor monocyte-derived DCreg infused into prospective, living donor liver transplant patients, 7 days before transplantation. The DCreg expressed a tolerogenic gene transcriptional profile, high cell surface programed death ligand-1 (PD-L1):CD86 ratios, high IL-10/no IL-12 productivity and poor ability to stimulate allogeneic T cell proliferation. Target DCreg doses (range 2.5-10 × 106 cells/kg) were achieved in all but 1 of 15 recipients, with no infusion reactions. Following DCreg infusion, transiently elevated levels of donor HLA and immunoregulatory PD-L1, CD39, and CD73 were detected in circulating small extracellular vesicles. At the same time, flow and advanced image stream analysis revealed intact DCreg and "cross-dressing" of host DCs in blood and lymph nodes. PD-L1 co-localization with donor HLA was observed at higher levels than with recipient HLA. Between DCreg infusion and transplantation, T-bethi Eomeshi memory CD8+ T cells decreased, whereas regulatory (CD25hi CD127- Foxp3+ ): T-bethi Eomeshi CD8+ T cell ratios increased. Thus, donor-derived DCreg infusion may induce systemic changes in host antigen-presenting cells and T cells potentially conducive to modulated anti-donor immune reactivity at the time of transplant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Macedo
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lillian M. Tran
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alan F. Zahorchak
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Helong Dai
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xinyan Gu
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Beth Elinoff
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Adriana Zeevi
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mindi A. Styn
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Abhinav Humar
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Fadi G. Lakkis
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Diana M. Metes
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Angus W. Thomson
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|