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Lee S, Bohplian S, Bronas UG. Accelerometer Use to Measure Physical Activity in Older Adults With Coronary Artery Disease: An Integrative Review. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023; 38:568-580. [PMID: 37816084 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is necessary for improved health outcomes among older adults with coronary artery disease (CAD), and device-based assessment of physical activity is preferred for accurate measurement. Many previous studies have applied accelerometry to examine physical activity in this population, but no reviews have systematically examined the application of various accelerometers to measure physical activity in older adults with CAD. OBJECTIVE This integrative review aimed to examine accelerometry application to measure physical activity in older adults with CAD and provide guidance for accelerometer selection and settings. METHODS Six databases-CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar-were searched for information sources. Authors of selected studies applied accelerometers to measure physical activity and included adults 60 years or older with CAD. RESULTS Among 12 studies reviewed, 5 were randomized controlled trials, and most used an age cutoff of 65 years for older adults. The most frequently used accelerometer was the RT3, and the most common device placement was the waist/hip. Data collection duration was typically 3 consecutive days. However, many study authors did not report epoch length, sampling frequency, number of valid hours of data required per day, total number of valid days of data needed, or criteria for nonwear time. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of data synthesis and previous study results, triaxial research-grade accelerometers, waist/hip placement, and a 5- to 7-day monitoring period are recommended for measuring physical activity in older adults with CAD. However, the study purpose, device and participant characteristics, and physical activity outcomes of interest should be considered during device selection.
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2
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OUP accepted manuscript. Biostatistics 2022; 23:1218-1241. [DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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3
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AIM in Eating Disorders. Artif Intell Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64573-1_213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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AIM in Eating Disorders. Artif Intell Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-58080-3_213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Klompstra L, Kyriakou M, Lambrinou E, Piepoli MF, Coats AJS, Cohen-Solal A, Cornelis J, Gellen B, Marques-Sule E, Niederseer D, Orso F, Piotrowicz E, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Simonenko M, Witte KK, Wozniak A, Volterrani M, Jaarsma T. Measuring physical activity with activity monitors in patients with heart failure: from literature to practice. A position paper from the Committee on Exercise Physiology and Training of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail 2020; 23:83-91. [PMID: 33111464 PMCID: PMC8048426 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this paper were to provide an overview of available activity monitors used in research in patients with heart failure and to identify the key criteria in the selection of the most appropriate activity monitor for collecting, reporting, and analysing physical activity in heart failure research. This study was conducted in three parts. First, the literature was systematically reviewed to identify physical activity concepts and activity monitors used in heart failure research. Second, an additional scoping literature search for validation of these activity monitors was conducted. Third, the most appropriate criteria in the selection of activity monitors were identified. Nine activity monitors were evaluated in terms of size, weight, placement, costs, data storage, water resistance, outcomes and validation, and cut‐off points for physical activity intensity levels were discussed. The choice of a monitor should depend on the research aims, study population and design regarding physical activity. If the aim is to motivate patients to be active or set goals, a less rigorously tested tool can be considered. On the other hand, if the aim is to measure physical activity and its changes over time or following treatment adjustment, it is important to choose a valid activity monitor with a storage and battery longevity of at least one week. The device should provide raw data and valid cut‐off points should be chosen for analysing physical activity intensity levels. Other considerations in choosing an activity monitor should include data storage location and ownership and the upfront costs of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Klompstra
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Martha Kyriakou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.,Intensive Care Unit, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ekaterini Lambrinou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Massimo F Piepoli
- Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology, G. da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Andrew J S Coats
- Monash University Australia and University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
| | - Alain Cohen-Solal
- Paris University, Cardiology Department, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Justien Cornelis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre (KCE), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - David Niederseer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Orso
- Section of Geriatric Medicine and Cardiology, Department of Geriatrics, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Ewa Piotrowicz
- Telecardiology Center, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital and Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria Simonenko
- Physiology Research and Blood Circulation Department, Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test SRL, Heart Transplantation Outpatient Department, Federal State Budgetary Institution, 'V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Centre' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Klaus K Witte
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Anna Wozniak
- Cardio-Respiratory Department, Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Doncaster, UK
| | - Maurizio Volterrani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden.,Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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6
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Pisanu S, Deledda A, Loviselli A, Huybrechts I, Velluzzi F. Validity of Accelerometers for the Evaluation of Energy Expenditure in Obese and Overweight Individuals: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Metab 2020; 2020:2327017. [PMID: 32832147 PMCID: PMC7424495 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2327017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Even though the validity of accelerometers for the measurement of energy expenditure (EE) has been demonstrated for normal-weight individuals, the applicability of this instrument in obese individuals remains controversial. This review aims to summarize the level of agreement between accelerometers and the gold standards (indirect calorimetry and doubly labelled water) for the measurement of energy expenditure (EE) in obese or overweight individuals. METHODS The literature search was limited to comparison studies assessing agreement in EE determination between accelerometers and indirect calorimetry (IC) or doubly labelled water (DLW). We searched in PubMed and in Scopus until March 1, 2019. The analysis was restricted to obese or overweight adult individuals. The following descriptive information was extracted for each study: sample size, characteristics of participants (sex, age, BMI, fat mass percentage, any pathological conditions, modality of recruitment in the study, and exclusion criteria), accelerometer description (model, type and body position), and type of gold standard and validity protocol (duration, conditions, and requirements during and before the experiment). Three review authors independently screened the obtained results, and the quality of the selected articles was assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool. RESULTS We obtained seventeen eligible articles, thirteen of which showed concerns for the applicability section, due to the patient selection. Regarding the accelerometers, nine devices were validated in the included studies with the BodyMedia SenseWear® (SWA) being the most frequently validated. Although correlations between accelerometers and the gold standard were high in some studies, agreement between the two methods was low, as shown by the Bland-Altman plots. CONCLUSIONS Most accelerometer estimations of EE were inaccurate for obese/overweight subjects, and authors advise to improve the accuracy of algorithms for SWA software, or the predicted equations for estimating EE from other accelerometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Deledda
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Loviselli
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, Lyon, France
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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7
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Lee D, Lewis JD, Shults J, Baldassano RN, Long J, Herskovitz R, Zemel B, Leonard MB. The Association of Diet and Exercise With Body Composition in Pediatric Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1368-1375. [PMID: 29718224 PMCID: PMC6093194 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In pediatric Crohn's disease, fat mass improves over time with treatment, but lean mass deficits persist. This observational study of the associations of physical activity and dietary intake with lean mass and muscle strength in children with Crohn's disease was ancillary to a previously reported randomized clinical trial of an intervention to improve bone health. METHODS In this study, 138 participants were followed at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months with evaluation of lean and fat mass using DXA, muscle strength (peak torque), Crohn's characteristics, dietary intake, time in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Race- and sex-specific Z-scores for leg lean mass and whole body fat mass were generated. Quasi least square regression evaluated determinants of changes in body composition and muscle strength. RESULTS Leg lean mass and muscle strength were positively associated with time in MVPA (P < 0.05) and negatively associated with increasing clinical disease activity (P < 0.05). Both leg lean mass and strength were positively associated with IGF-1 Z-score (P ≤ 0.03) but negatively associated with serum TNF-α (P ≤ 0.04). Neither lean mass nor muscle strength was associated with caloric or protein intake. CONCLUSIONS Persistence of lean mass deficits was related to ongoing Crohn's disease activity but improved with greater time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity. Future trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of physical activity in improving lean mass in pediatric Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington,Address correspondence to: Dale Lee, MD, MSCE, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105 ()
| | - James D Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Justine Shults
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert N Baldassano
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jin Long
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Rita Herskovitz
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Babette Zemel
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary B Leonard
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California,Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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8
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Dowd KP, Szeklicki R, Minetto MA, Murphy MH, Polito A, Ghigo E, van der Ploeg H, Ekelund U, Maciaszek J, Stemplewski R, Tomczak M, Donnelly AE. A systematic literature review of reviews on techniques for physical activity measurement in adults: a DEDIPAC study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:15. [PMID: 29422051 PMCID: PMC5806271 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The links between increased participation in Physical Activity (PA) and improvements in health are well established. As this body of evidence has grown, so too has the search for measures of PA with high levels of methodological effectiveness (i.e. validity, reliability and responsiveness to change). The aim of this “review of reviews” was to provide a comprehensive overview of the methodological effectiveness of currently employed measures of PA, to aid researchers in their selection of an appropriate tool. A total of 63 review articles were included in this review, and the original articles cited by these reviews were included in order to extract detailed information on methodological effectiveness. Self-report measures of PA have been most frequently examined for methodological effectiveness, with highly variable findings identified across a broad range of behaviours. The evidence-base for the methodological effectiveness of objective monitors, particularly accelerometers/activity monitors, is increasing, with lower levels of variability observed for validity and reliability when compared to subjective measures. Unfortunately, responsiveness to change across all measures and behaviours remains under-researched, with limited information available. Other criteria beyond methodological effectiveness often influence tool selection, including cost and feasibility. However, researchers must be aware of the methodological effectiveness of any measure selected for use when examining PA. Although no “perfect” tool for the examination of PA in adults exists, it is suggested that researchers aim to incorporate appropriate objective measures, specific to the behaviours of interests, when examining PA in free-living environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran P Dowd
- Department of Sport and Health Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Robert Szeklicki
- University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marco Alessandro Minetto
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Marie H Murphy
- School of Health Science, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Angela Polito
- National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Ezio Ghigo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Hidde van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,The Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janusz Maciaszek
- University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Tomczak
- University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alan E Donnelly
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Beltrame T, Amelard R, Wong A, Hughson RL. Prediction of oxygen uptake dynamics by machine learning analysis of wearable sensors during activities of daily living. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45738. [PMID: 28378815 PMCID: PMC5381118 DOI: 10.1038/srep45738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, oxygen uptake () is the most precise means of investigating aerobic fitness and level of physical activity; however, can only be directly measured in supervised conditions. With the advancement of new wearable sensor technologies and data processing approaches, it is possible to accurately infer work rate and predict during activities of daily living (ADL). The main objective of this study was to develop and verify the methods required to predict and investigate the dynamics during ADL. The variables derived from the wearable sensors were used to create a predictor based on a random forest method. The temporal dynamics were assessed by the mean normalized gain amplitude (MNG) obtained from frequency domain analysis. The MNG provides a means to assess aerobic fitness. The predicted during ADL was strongly correlated (r = 0.87, P < 0.001) with the measured and the prediction bias was 0.2 ml·min−1·kg−1. The MNG calculated based on predicted was strongly correlated (r = 0.71, P < 0.001) with MNG calculated based on measured data. This new technology provides an important advance in ambulatory and continuous assessment of aerobic fitness with potential for future applications such as the early detection of deterioration of physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Beltrame
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.,Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Ibirapuera, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Amelard
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Schlegel-University of Waterloo Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Wong
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Schlegel-University of Waterloo Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - R L Hughson
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Schlegel-University of Waterloo Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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A Comparison of Energy Expenditure and Heart Rate Response Between a Dance-Based Group Fitness Class and a Dance-Based Video Game on the Xbox Kinect. Cardiopulm Phys Ther J 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/cpt.0000000000000019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE We performed a study to determine the best appropriate wearing site of a triaxial accelerometer at different exercise speeds. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted an observational study with 66 healthy Korean adults (26 men and 40 women). Resting metabolic rate (RMR) before exercise, physical activity-related energy expenditure (PAEE) by cardiorespiratory gas analyzer and Signal Vector Magnitude (SVM) were measured while wearing four triaxial accelerometers on four different sites (wrist, waist, upper arm, and ankle) at exercise speeds from 2-10 km/h. RESULTS The mean RMR was 4.03 mL/kg/min and Actual METs (oxygen consumption at different exercise speeds divided by individual RMR) compared with the calculated METs (oxygen consumption divided by 3.5 mL/kg/min) showed relatively low value. The overall correlation between PAEE and SVM was highest when the accelerometer was worn on the wrist at low exercise speed (r=0.751, p<0.001), waist at a moderate speed (r=0.821, p<0.001), and ankle at a high speed (r=0.559, p<0.001). Using regression analysis, it was shown that the ankle at a low speed (R²=0.564, p<0.001), high speed (R²=0.559, p<0.001), and the waist at a moderate speed (R²=0.821, p<0.001) were the best appropriate sites. CONCLUSION When measuring the PAEE and SVM at different exercise speeds, the ankle in low and high exercise speed, and waist in moderate speed are the most appropriate sites for an accelerometer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rae-Woong Park
- Department of Medical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Nam-Seok Joo
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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Sylvia LG, Bernstein EE, Hubbard JL, Keating L, Anderson EJ. Practical guide to measuring physical activity. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 114:199-208. [PMID: 24290836 PMCID: PMC3915355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa G. Sylvia
- Assistant Professor of Psychology; The Massachusetts General Hospital; Bipolar Clinic & Research Program, 50 Staniford Street, Suite 580, Boston, MA 02114; (phone) 617-643-4804 (fax) 617-726-6768
| | - Emily E. Bernstein
- Clinical Research Coordinator; The Massachusetts General Hospital; Bipolar Clinic & Research Program, 50 Staniford Street, Suite 580, Boston, MA 02114; (phone) 617-726-7591 (fax) 617-726-6768
| | - Jane L. Hubbard
- Dietician; Massachusetts General Hospital, Clinical Research Center, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 (phone) (617) 724-2830; (617) 726-7563
| | - Leigh Keating
- Dietician, Brigham & Women’s Hospital; Clinical Center for Investigation, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston MA 02115 (phone) 617-732-7783; (fax) 617-732-7900
| | - Ellen J. Anderson
- Bionutrition/MPC Director, Massachusetts General Hospital, Clinical Research Center, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 (phone) (617) 724-2830; (617) 726-7563
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Hongu N, Orr BJ, Roe DJ, Reed RG, Going SB. Global Positioning System Watches for Estimating Energy Expenditure. J Strength Cond Res 2013; 27:3216-20. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e31828bae0f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Validating measures of free-living physical activity in overweight and obese subjects using an accelerometer. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 38:1011-4. [PMID: 24166066 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Free-living physical activity can be assessed with an accelerometer to estimate energy expenditure but its validity in overweight and obese subjects remains unknown. OBJECTIVE Here, we validated published prediction equations derived in a lean population with the TracmorD accelerometer (DirectLife, Philips Consumer Lifestyle) in a population of overweight and obese. We also explored possible improvements of new equations specifically developed in overweight and obese subjects. DESIGN Subjects were 11 men and 25 women (age: 41±7 years; body mass index: 31.0±2.5 kg m(-2)). Physical activity was monitored under free-living conditions with TracmorD, whereas total energy expenditure was measured simultaneously with doubly-labeled water. Physical activity level (PAL) and activity energy expenditure (AEE) were calculated from total energy expenditure and sleeping metabolic rate. RESULTS The published prediction equation explained 47% of the variance of the measured PAL (P<0.001). PAL estimates were unbiased (errors (bias±95% confidence interval): -0.02±0.28). Measured and predicted AEE/body weight were highly correlated (r(2)=58%, P<0.001); however, the prediction model showed a significant bias of 8 kJ kg(-1) per day or 17.4% of the average AEE/body weight. The new prediction equation of AEE/body weight developed in the obese group showed no bias. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, equations derived with the TracmorD allow valid assessment of PAL and AEE/body weight in overweight and obese subjects. There is evidence that estimates of AEE/body weight could be affected by gender. Equations specifically developed in overweight and obese can improve the accuracy of predictions of AEE/body weight.
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Löf M, Henriksson H, Forsum E. Evaluations of Actiheart, IDEEA® and RT3 monitors for estimating activity energy expenditure in free-living women. J Nutr Sci 2013; 2:e31. [PMID: 25191581 PMCID: PMC4153312 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2013.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity energy expenditure (AEE) during free-living conditions can be assessed using devices based on different principles. To make proper comparisons of different devices' capacities to assess AEE, they should be evaluated in the same population. Thus, in the present study we evaluated, in the same group of subjects, the ability of three devices to assess AEE in groups and individuals during free-living conditions. In twenty women, AEE was assessed using RT3 (three-axial accelerometry) (AEERT3), Actiheart (a combination of heart rate and accelerometry) (AEEActi) and IDEEA (a multi-accelerometer system) (AEEIDEEA). Reference AEE (AEEref) was assessed using the doubly labelled water method and indirect calorimetry. Average AEEActi was 5760 kJ per 24 h and not significantly different from AEEref (5020 kJ per 24 h). On average, AEERT3 and AEEIDEEA were 2010 and 1750 kJ per 24 h lower than AEEref, respectively (P < 0·001). The limits of agreement (± 2 sd) were 2940 (Actiheart), 1820 (RT3) and 2650 (IDEEA) kJ per 24 h. The variance for AEERT3 was lower than for AEEActi (P = 0·006). The RT3 classified 60 % of the women in the correct activity category while the corresponding value for IDEEA and Actiheart was 30 %. In conclusion, the Actiheart may be useful for groups and the RT3 for individuals while the IDEEA requires further development. The results are likely to be relevant for a large proportion of Western women of reproductive age and demonstrate that the procedure selected to assess physical activity can greatly influence the possibilities to uncover important aspects regarding interactions between physical activity, diet and health.
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Key Words
- AEE, activity energy expenditure
- AEE5dresult, total energy expenditure, measured using the doubly labelled water method during days 1–5 minus BMR measured using indirect calorimetry
- AEEActi, activity energy expenditure assessed using Actiheart
- AEEIDEEA, activity energy expenditure assessed using IDEEA
- AEERT3, activity energy expenditure assessed using RT3
- AEEref, activity energy expenditure assessed using the doubly labelled water method and indirect calorimetry
- Accuracy
- Activity energy expenditure
- Activity monitors
- CountsActi, counts using Actiheart
- CountsIDEEA, counts using IDEEA
- CountsRT3, counts using RT3
- DIT, dietary induced thermogenesis
- Doubly labelled water
- HRaR, heart rate above resting heart rate
- MET, metabolic equivalent
- TEE, total energy expenditure
- TEE5dresult, TEE during days 1–5
- TEEIDEEA, total energy expenditure measured using IDEEA
- TEEref, total energy expenditure measured using the doubly labelled water method
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Löf
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,
Faculty of Health Science, Linköping University,
Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Hanna Henriksson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,
Faculty of Health Science, Linköping University,
Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Elisabet Forsum
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,
Faculty of Health Science, Linköping University,
Linköping, Sweden
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17
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Plasqui G, Bonomi AG, Westerterp KR. Daily physical activity assessment with accelerometers: new insights and validation studies. Obes Rev 2013; 14:451-62. [PMID: 23398786 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The field of application of accelerometry is diverse and ever expanding. Because by definition all physical activities lead to energy expenditure, the doubly labelled water (DLW) method as gold standard to assess total energy expenditure over longer periods of time is the method of choice to validate accelerometers in their ability to assess daily physical activities. The aim of this paper was to provide a systematic overview of all recent (2007-2011) accelerometer validation studies using DLW as the reference. The PubMed Central database was searched using the following keywords: doubly or double labelled or labeled water in combination with accelerometer, accelerometry, motion sensor, or activity monitor. Limits were set to include articles from 2007 to 2011, as earlier publications were covered in a previous review. In total, 38 articles were identified, of which 25 were selected to contain sufficient new data. Eighteen different accelerometers were validated. There was a large variability in accelerometer output and their validity to assess daily physical activity. Activity type recognition has great potential to improve the assessment of physical activity-related health outcomes. So far, there is little evidence that adding other physiological measures such as heart rate significantly improves the estimation of energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Plasqui
- Human Biology Department, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Warolin J, Carrico AR, Whitaker LE, Wang L, Chen KY, Acra S, Buchowski MS. Effect of BMI on prediction of accelerometry-based energy expenditure in youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2013; 44:2428-35. [PMID: 22776880 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e318267b8f1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) on level of agreement between six previously established prediction equations for three commonly used accelerometers to predict summary measures of energy expenditure (EE) in youth. METHODS One hundred and thirty-one youth between the ages of 10-17 yr and BMI from 15 to 44 kg·m were outfitted with hip-worn ActiGraph GT1M (Pensacola, FL), Actical (MiniMiter/Respironics, Bend, OR), and RT3 (StayHealthy, Monrovia, CA) accelerometers and spent approximately 24 h in a whole-room indirect calorimeter while performing structured and self-selected activities. Five commonly used regression and one propriety equations for each device were used to predict the minute-to-minute EE (normalized to METs), daily physical activity level (PAL), and time spent in sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity intensity categories. The calculated values were compared with criterion measurements obtained from the room calorimeter. RESULTS All predictive equations, except RT3, significantly over- or underpredicted daily PAL (P < 0.001), with large discrepancies observed in the estimate of sedentary and light activity. Discrepancies between actual and estimated PAL ranged from 0.05 to 0.68. In addition, BMI represented a modifier for two ActiGraph predictive equations (AG1 and AG2), affecting the accuracy of physical activity-related EE predictions. CONCLUSION ActiGraph (AG3) and the RT3 closely predicted overall PAL (within 4.2% and 6.8%, respectively) as a group. When adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity, Actical (AC1 and AC2) and ActiGraph (AG3) were not influenced by BMI. However, a gap between some hip-worn accelerometer predictive and regression equations was demonstrated compared with both criterion measurement and each other, which poses a potential difficulty for interstudy (e.g., different accelerometers) and intrastudy (e.g., BMI and adiposity) comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Warolin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-2260, USA
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Gioxari A, Kavouras SA, Tambalis KD, Maraki M, Kollia M, Sidossis LS. Reliability and criterion validity of the Self-Administered Physical Activity Checklist in Greek children. Eur J Sport Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2011.606838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Villars C, Bergouignan A, Dugas J, Antoun E, Schoeller DA, Roth H, Maingon AC, Lefai E, Blanc S, Simon C. Validity of combining heart rate and uniaxial acceleration to measure free-living physical activity energy expenditure in young men. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2012; 113:1763-71. [PMID: 23019315 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01413.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining accelerometry (ACC) with heart rate (HR) monitoring is thought to improve activity energy expenditure (AEE) estimations compared with ACC alone to evaluate the validity of ACC and HR used alone or combined. The purpose of this study was to estimate AEE in free-living conditions compared with doubly labeled water (DLW). Ten-day free-living AEE was measured by a DLW protocol in 35 18- to 55-yr-old men (11 lean active; 12 lean sedentary; 12 overweight sedentary) wearing an Actiheart (combining ACC and HR) and a RT3 accelerometer. AEE was estimated using group or individual calibration of the HR/AEE relationship, based on an exercise-tolerance test. In a subset (n = 21), AEE changes (ΔAEE) were measured after 1 mo of detraining (active subjects) or an 8-wk training (sedentary subjects). Actiheart-combined ACC/HR estimates were more accurate than estimates from HR or ACC alone. Accuracy of the Actiheart group-calibrated ACC/HR estimates was modest [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.62], with no bias but high root mean square error (RMSE) and limits of agreement (LOA). The mean bias of the estimates was reduced by one-third, like RMSE and LOA, by individual calibration (ICC = 0.81). Contrasting with group-calibrated estimates, the Actiheart individual-calibrated ACC/HR estimates explained 40% of the variance of the DLW-ΔAEE (ICC = 0.63). This study supports a good level of agreement between the Actiheart ACC/HR estimates and DLW-measured AEE in lean and overweight men with varying fitness levels. Individual calibration of the HR/AEE relationship is necessary for AEE estimations at an individual level rather than at group scale and for ΔAEE evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Villars
- Carmen Inserm U1060/University of Lyon 1/INRA U1235/CRNH Rhône-Alpes, Lyon, France
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Van Remoortel H, Giavedoni S, Raste Y, Burtin C, Louvaris Z, Gimeno-Santos E, Langer D, Glendenning A, Hopkinson NS, Vogiatzis I, Peterson BT, Wilson F, Mann B, Rabinovich R, Puhan MA, Troosters T. Validity of activity monitors in health and chronic disease: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2012; 9:84. [PMID: 22776399 PMCID: PMC3464146 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The assessment of physical activity in healthy populations and in those with chronic diseases is challenging. The aim of this systematic review was to identify whether available activity monitors (AM) have been appropriately validated for use in assessing physical activity in these groups. Following a systematic literature search we found 134 papers meeting the inclusion criteria; 40 conducted in a field setting (validation against doubly labelled water), 86 in a laboratory setting (validation against a metabolic cart, metabolic chamber) and 8 in a field and laboratory setting. Correlation coefficients between AM outcomes and energy expenditure (EE) by the criterion method (doubly labelled water and metabolic cart/chamber) and percentage mean differences between EE estimation from the monitor and EE measurement by the criterion method were extracted. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to pool the results across studies where possible. Types of devices were compared using meta-regression analyses. Most validation studies had been performed in healthy adults (n = 118), with few carried out in patients with chronic diseases (n = 16). For total EE, correlation coefficients were statistically significantly lower in uniaxial compared to multisensor devices. For active EE, correlations were slightly but not significantly lower in uniaxial compared to triaxial and multisensor devices. Uniaxial devices tended to underestimate TEE (−12.07 (95%CI; -18.28 to −5.85) %) compared to triaxial (−6.85 (95%CI; -18.20 to 4.49) %, p = 0.37) and were statistically significantly less accurate than multisensor devices (−3.64 (95%CI; -8.97 to 1.70) %, p<0.001). TEE was underestimated during slow walking speeds in 69% of the lab validation studies compared to 37%, 30% and 37% of the studies during intermediate, fast walking speed and running, respectively. The high level of heterogeneity in the validation studies is only partly explained by the type of activity monitor and the activity monitor outcome. Triaxial and multisensor devices tend to be more valid monitors. Since activity monitors are less accurate at slow walking speeds and information about validated activity monitors in chronic disease populations is lacking, proper validation studies in these populations are needed prior to their inclusion in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Van Remoortel
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Rangan VV, Willis LH, Slentz CA, Bateman LA, Shields AT, Houmard JA, Kraus WE. Effects of an 8-month exercise training program on off-exercise physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012; 43:1744-51. [PMID: 21364488 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3182148a7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE An active lifestyle is widely recognized as having a beneficial effect on cardiovascular health. However, no clear consensus exists as to whether exercise training increases overall physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) or whether individuals participating in regular exercise compensate by reducing their off-exercise physical activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in PAEE in response to aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), or combined aerobic and resistance training (AT/RT). METHODS Data are from 82 participants in the Studies of Targeted Risk Reduction Interventions through Defined Exercise-Aerobic Training versus Resistance Training study, a randomized trial of overweight (body mass index = 25-35 kg·m(-2)) adults, in which participants were randomized to receive 8 months of AT, RT, or AT/RT. All subjects completed a 4-month control period before randomization. PAEE was measured using triaxial RT3 accelerometers, which subjects wore for a 5- to 7-d period before and after the exercise intervention. Data reduction was performed with a previously published computer-based algorithm. RESULTS There was no significant change in off-exercise PAEE in any of the exercise training groups. We observed a significant increase in total PAEE that included the exercise training, in both AT and AT/RT but not in RT. CONCLUSIONS Eight months of exercise training was not associated with a compensatory reduction in off-exercise physical activity, regardless of exercise modality. The absence of compensation is particularly notable for AT/RT subjects, who performed a larger volume of exercise than did AT or RT subjects. We believe that the extended duration of our exercise training program was the key factor in allowing subjects to reach a new steady-state level of physical activity within their daily lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram V Rangan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Bond DS, Raynor HA, Phelan S, Steeves J, Daniello R, Wing RR. The Relationship between Physical Activity Variety and Objectively Measured Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Levels in Weight Loss Maintainers and Normal-Weight Individuals. J Obes 2012; 2012:812414. [PMID: 22506103 PMCID: PMC3306916 DOI: 10.1155/2012/812414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the importance of physical activity (PA) for weight control, identifying strategies to achieve higher PA levels is imperative. We hypothesized that performing a greater variety of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous activities (MVPAs) would relate to higher objectively measured MVPA minutes in two groups who were successfully maintaining their body weight: weight loss maintainers (WLM/n = 226) and normal-weight individuals (NW/n = 169). The Paffenbarger Questionnaire and RT3 accelerometer were used to determine variety/number of different MVPAs performed and MVPA minutes, respectively. The variety/number of different activities performed by WLM and NW was similar (1.8 ± 1.2 versus 1.7 ± 1.2, P = 0.52). Regression analyses showed that greater variety (P < 0.01) and WLM status (P < 0.05) were each positively related to greater MVPA minutes/day and meeting the ≥250 MVPA minutes/week guideline for long-term weight maintenance. The association between greater variety and higher MVPA was similar in NW and WLM. Future studies should test whether variety can facilitate engagement in higher MVPA levels for more effective weight control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale S. Bond
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- *Dale S. Bond:
| | - Hollie A. Raynor
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Suzanne Phelan
- Department of Kinesiology, California Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - Jeremy Steeves
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Richard Daniello
- The Miriam Hospital, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Rena R. Wing
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
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Sauvinet V, Gabert L, Alligier M, Normand S, Roth H, Laville M, Désage M. Comparison of high-temperature conversion and equilibration methods for the determination of d31-palmitic acid oxidation in man using continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:2749-2759. [PMID: 21913252 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
During nutritional interventions, the ingestion of d(31)-palmitic acid and H(2)(18)O allows the assessment of dietary fatty acid oxidation from cumulative (2)H recovery in urine and the estimation of the total body water pool (TBW) from (18)O dilution. Continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-IRMS) coupled to either equilibration or high-temperature conversion (HTC) techniques permits (2)H- and (18)O-enrichment measurements in biological fluids. Thus it was of great interest to compare these methods applied to the determination of dietary fatty acid oxidation. The linearity, accuracy and correlation between CF-equilibration and CF-HTC were first checked using (2)H- and (18)O-enriched water and urine samples. Urine samples from 14 subjects were then measured with both methods. The (2)H and (18)O raw data were normalised against calibration lines. The final aim was to study the impact of the normalised raw results on physiological data (i.e. TBW and d(31)-palmitate recovery). No significant difference was observed between the (18)O- and (2)H-enrichment measurements depending on the analytical method used. The TBW volumes calculated from the (18)O enrichments measured either with CF-equilibration or CF-HTC were not significantly different: respectively, 45.1 ± 1.0 L or 45.7 ± 1.0 L (mean ± sem, p = 0.09). The palmitic acid oxidation results obtained from the (2)H-enrichment measurements and the TBW from CF-equilibration vs. CF-HTC were not significantly different (p ≥ 0.26): with δ(2)H values of, respectively, 16.2 ± 1.6% vs. 16.2 ± 1.1% at 8 h, 18.7 ± 2.0% vs. 17.6 ± 1.3% at 12 h and 21.7 ± 1.9% vs. 21.5 ± 1.3% at 3 days post-dose (mean ± sem). Thus, even if CF-HTC was preferred because it was more practical to carry out, both methods allow the study of dietary lipid oxidation in man and generate similar results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Sauvinet
- Lyon University, CRNH Rhône-Alpes and Center for European Nutrition, Safety and Health, F-69310 Pierre Bénite, France.
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Felizardo V, Gaspar PD, Garcia NM, Reis V. Acquisition of Multiple Physiological Parameters During Physical Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF E-HEALTH AND MEDICAL COMMUNICATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.4018/jehmc.2011100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the experimental method focused on the acquisition of various physiological parameters during different effort levels of physical exercise like walking and running at several velocities. The study involved 57 young and adult people, 43 male and 14 female (24,37±5,96 years), from which 48 were soldiers belonging to the Infantry Regiment n.° 13 (RI13) of the Portuguese Army and 9 were teachers or college students of Sport Sciences, physically active but not competitive. The experimental measures provide a set of information that offers insight about the health status and physical performance of the subjects during exercise. This experimental method procedure is suited for the acquisition of physiological parameters with both the wireless physiological data acquisition systems such as the bioPlux and the respiratory analyzer gas systems such as Cosmed K4b2.The data was collected to allow the definition of a model that will be used to estimate the energy expenditure of a subject using a wireless physiological data acquisition system, which is much more comfortable and suitable to monitor physical exercise in everyday use than the standard method that makes use of a respiratory gas analysis system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nuno M. Garcia
- Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies (ULHT) and Telecommunications Institute, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Victor Reis
- Research Centre for Sports, Health & Human Development, Portugal
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Abstract
Physical activity is a cornerstone in the medical management of obesity and could be important for weight loss following bariatric surgery. This review aims to describe the evolution of physical activity following massive weight loss induced by bariatric surgery, and to identify the relationship between physical activity and amount of weight loss. A literature search identified 20 publications (19 studies) reporting physical activity data in relation to bariatric surgery. All studies were observational. Self-assessment of physical activity was used in all the studies. Objective measures (pedometry) were used in two studies. The time frame for physical activity assessment varied: before surgery in two publications, after surgery in nine, and longitudinal pre- to post-operative evolution in nine. The latter nine publications found an increase in physical activity after bariatric surgery. In 10/13 studies where it was described, there was a positive relationship between physical activity level and amount of weight loss. In conclusion, observational evidence of self-reported physical activity suggests that physical activity increases after bariatric surgery and that physical activity is associated with surgically induced weight loss. However, these findings warrant further evaluation using objective measures of physical activity and testing in controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jacobi
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Médecine Interne et Nutrition, Tours, France
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of SenseWear (SW) and RT3 activity monitors (AMs) in estimating energy expenditure (EE) in manual wheelchair users (MWUs) with paraplegia for a variety of physical activities. METHODS Twenty-four subjects completed four activities including resting, wheelchair propulsion, arm-ergometry exercise, and deskwork. The criterion EE was measured by a K4b2 portable metabolic cart. The EE estimated by the SW and RT3 were compared with the criterion EE by the absolute differences and absolute percentage errors. Intraclass correlations and the Bland and Altman plots were also used to assess the agreements between the two AMs and the metabolic cart. Correlations between the criterion EE and the estimated EE and sensors data from the AMs were evaluated. RESULTS The EE estimation errors for the AMs varied from 24.4 to 125.8% for the SW and from 22.0 to 52.8% for the RT3. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between the criterion EE and the EE estimated by the two AMs for each activity and all activities as a whole were considered poor with all the ICCs smaller than 0.75. Except for deskwork, the EE from the SW was more correlated to the criterion EE than the EE from the RT3. CONCLUSION The results indicate that neither of the AMs is an appropriate tool for quantifying physical activity in MWUs with paraplegia. However, the accuracy of EE estimation could be potentially improved by building new regression models based on wheelchair-related activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dan Ding
- Correspondence to: Dan Ding, Department of Rehab Science and Technology, University of Pittsburgh, 5044 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Bonomi AG, Plasqui G, Goris AHC, Westerterp KR. Estimation of free-living energy expenditure using a novel activity monitor designed to minimize obtrusiveness. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2010; 18:1845-51. [PMID: 20186133 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2010.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of a novel activity monitor designed to be minimally obtrusive in predicting free-living energy expenditure. Subjects were 18 men and 12 women (age: 41 +/- 11 years, BMI: 24.4 +/- 3 kg/m(2)). The habitual physical activity was monitored for 14 days using a DirectLife triaxial accelerometer for movement registration (Tracmor(D)) (Philips New Wellness Solutions, Lifestyle Incubator, the Netherlands). Tracmor(D) output was expressed as activity counts per day (Cnts/d). Simultaneously, total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured in free living conditions using doubly labeled water (DLW). Activity energy expenditure (AEE) and the physical activity level (PAL) were determined from TEE and sleeping metabolic rate (SMR). A multiple-linear regression model predicted 76% of the variance in TEE, using as independent variables SMR (partial-r(2) = 0.55, P < 0.001), and Cnts/d (partial r(2) = 0.21, P < 0.001). The s.e. of TEE estimates was 0.9 MJ/day or 7.4% of the average TEE. A model based on body mass (partial-r(2) = 0.31, P < 0.001) and Cnts/d (partial-r(2) = 0.23, P < 0.001) predicted 54% of the variance in TEE. Cnts/d were significantly and positively associated with AEE (r = 0.54, P < 0.01), PAL (r = 0.68, P < 0.001), and AEE corrected by body mass (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). This study showed that the Tracmor(D) is a highly accurate instrument for predicting free-living energy expenditure. The miniaturized design did not harm the ability of the instrument in measuring physical activity and in determining outcome parameters of physical activity such as TEE, AEE, and PAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto G Bonomi
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Maddison R, Jiang Y, Hoorn SV, Mhurchu CN, Lawes CMM, Rodgers A, Rush E. Estimating energy expenditure with the RT3 triaxial accelerometer. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2009; 80:249-256. [PMID: 19650390 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2009.10599559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The RT3 is a relatively new triaxial accelerometer that has replaced the TniTrac. The aim of this study was to validate the RT3 against doubly labeled water (DLW) in a free-living, mixed weight sample of adults. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured over a 15-day period using DLW Activity-related energy expenditure (AEE) was estimated by subtracting resting energy expenditure and thermic effect of feeding from TEE. The RT3 triaxial accelerometer was worn over 14 consecutive days. TEE and AEE were estimated using the RT3 proprietary equation. Thirty-six adults ages 18-56 years (56% women) with an average weight of 75.9 kg (SD = 14.8) completed all measurements. Compared to DLW the RT3 underestimated TEE by 539 kJ (4%) and AEE by 485 kJ (15%) on average. The RT3 provided a relatively accurate assessment of free-living activity-related energy expenditure at the group level and generally underestimated total and activity-related energy expenditure compared to DLW
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Maddison
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
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Relationships of self-reported physical activity domains with accelerometry recordings in French adults. Eur J Epidemiol 2009; 24:171-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10654-009-9329-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2008] [Accepted: 03/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The relationship between physical activity and health varies considerably, partly due to the difficulty of assessing physical activity accurately. This review examines recent literature on the validation of movement sensors to assess habitual physical activity. Recommendations are given for the use of movement sensors during free-living conditions and methods of data analysis and interpretation are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Recent progress in physical-activity research includes detailed comparative studies of different monitor brands. The move away from using linear-regression equations and the use of novel data-analysis strategies is increasing the accuracy with which energy expenditure can be estimated from accelerometry. New technologies, including the combination of accelerometry with the measurement of physiological parameters, have great potential for the increased accuracy of physical-activity assessment. SUMMARY Accelerometry is able to adequately assess physical activity and its association with health outcomes but currently methods have limited accuracy for the estimation of free-living energy expenditure. Pedometers provide an inexpensive overall measure of physical activity but are unable to assess intensity, frequency and duration of activity or to estimate energy expenditure. Interpretation of monitor output is best kept as close to the measurement domain as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Corder
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK
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