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Chen S, Wang X, Yang N, Song Y, Cheng H, Sun Y. p53 exerts anticancer effects by regulating enhancer formation and activity. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:334-347. [PMID: 38808570 PMCID: PMC11300520 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The abnormality of the p53 tumor suppressor is crucial in lung cancer development, because p53 regulates target gene promoters to combat cancer. Recent studies have shown extensive p53 binding to enhancer elements. However, whether p53 exerts a tumor suppressor role by shaping the enhancer landscape remains poorly understood. In the current study, we employed several functional genomics approaches to assess the enhancer activity at p53 binding sites throughout the genome based on our established TP53 knockout (KO) human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). A total of 943 active regular enhancers and 370 super-enhancers (SEs) disappeared upon the deletion of p53, indicating that p53 modulates the activity of hundreds of enhancer elements. We found that one p53-dependent SE, located on chromosome 9 and designated as KLF4-SE, regulated the expression of the Krüppel-like factor 4 ( KLF4) gene. Furthermore, the deletion of p53 significantly decreased the KLF4-SE enhancer activity and the KLF4 expression, but increased colony formation ability in the nitrosamines 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced cell transformation model. Subsequently, in TP53 KO cells, the overexpression of KLF4 partially reversed the increased clonogenic capacity caused by p53 deficiency. Consistently, KLF4 expression also decreased in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. It appeared that overexpression of KLF4 significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells. Collectively, our results suggest that the regulation of enhancer formation and activity by p53 is an integral component of the p53 tumor suppressor function. Therefore, our findings offer some novel insights into the regulation mechanism of p53 in lung oncogenesis and introduce a new strategy for screening therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yuechi Song
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - He Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Liao Z, Tang S, Nozawa K, Shimada K, Ikawa M, Monsivais D, Matzuk M. Affinity-tagged SMAD1 and SMAD5 mouse lines reveal transcriptional reprogramming mechanisms during early pregnancy. eLife 2024; 12:RP91434. [PMID: 38536963 PMCID: PMC10972565 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial decidualization, a prerequisite for successful pregnancies, relies on transcriptional reprogramming driven by progesterone receptor (PR) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD1/SMAD5 signaling pathways. Despite their critical roles in early pregnancy, how these pathways intersect in reprogramming the endometrium into a receptive state remains unclear. To define how SMAD1 and/or SMAD5 integrate BMP signaling in the uterus during early pregnancy, we generated two novel transgenic mouse lines with affinity tags inserted into the endogenous SMAD1 and SMAD5 loci (Smad1HA/HA and Smad5PA/PA). By profiling the genome-wide distribution of SMAD1, SMAD5, and PR in the mouse uterus, we demonstrated the unique and shared roles of SMAD1 and SMAD5 during the window of implantation. We also showed the presence of a conserved SMAD1, SMAD5, and PR genomic binding signature in the uterus during early pregnancy. To functionally characterize the translational aspects of our findings, we demonstrated that SMAD1/5 knockdown in human endometrial stromal cells suppressed expressions of canonical decidual markers (IGFBP1, PRL, FOXO1) and PR-responsive genes (RORB, KLF15). Here, our studies provide novel tools to study BMP signaling pathways and highlight the fundamental roles of SMAD1/5 in mediating both BMP signaling pathways and the transcriptional response to progesterone (P4) during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Liao
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Graduate Program of Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Suni Tang
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Kaori Nozawa
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Keisuke Shimada
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Diana Monsivais
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Martin Matzuk
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Graduate Program of Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
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Liao Z, Tang S, Nozawa K, Shimada K, Ikawa M, Monsivais D, Matzuk MM. Affinity-tagged SMAD1 and SMAD5 mouse lines reveal transcriptional reprogramming mechanisms during early pregnancy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.25.559321. [PMID: 38106095 PMCID: PMC10723262 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.25.559321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial decidualization, a prerequisite for successful pregnancies, relies on transcriptional reprogramming driven by progesterone receptor (PR) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD1/SMAD5 signaling pathways. Despite their critical roles in early pregnancy, how these pathways intersect in reprogramming the endometrium into a receptive state remains unclear. To define how SMAD1 and/or SMAD5 integrate BMP signaling in the uterus during early pregnancy, we generated two novel transgenic mouse lines with affinity tags inserted into the endogenous SMAD1 and SMAD5 loci (Smad1HA/HA and Smad5PA/PA). By profiling the genome-wide distribution of SMAD1, SMAD5, and PR in the mouse uterus, we demonstrated the unique and shared roles of SMAD1 and SMAD5 during the window of implantation. We also showed the presence of a conserved SMAD1, SMAD5, and PR genomic binding signature in the uterus during early pregnancy. To functionally characterize the translational aspects of our findings, we demonstrated that SMAD1/5 knockdown in human endometrial stromal cells suppressed expressions of canonical decidual markers (IGFBP1, PRL, FOXO1) and PR-responsive genes (RORB, KLF15). Here, our studies provide novel tools to study BMP signaling pathways and highlight the fundamental roles of SMAD1/5 in mediating both BMP signaling pathways and the transcriptional response to progesterone (P4) during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Liao
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Graduate Program of Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Suni Tang
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kaori Nozawa
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Keisuke Shimada
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Diana Monsivais
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Martin M. Matzuk
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Graduate Program of Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Cruz-Huerta E, Zariñán T, Enríquez J, Ulloa-Aguirre A, Gutiérrez-Sagal R. Estrogen regulated transcription of the non-estrogen-regulated hamster uteroglobin gene in MCF-7 cells. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 347:114424. [PMID: 38101487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
To study the estrogen regulated transcription of the uteroglobin (UG) gene, the founding member of the secretoglobin family widely expressed in many different mammalian species, we re-created functional estrogen response elements (EREs) in the UG gene promoter from a species where UG expression is not regulated by estrogens: the hamster Mesocricetus auratus (Ma), to ascertain if the lack of functional EREs is the real cause of its estrogen insensitivity. Functional EREs in the hamster promoter, including the consensus ERE (cERE), failed to respond to an appropriate estrogen stimulus compared with its estrogen regulated ortholog from the brown hare Lepus capensis (Lc). As the nucleotide sequence is the only difference between genetic constructs from these two species, we suspected that the UG promoter from the hamster probably contains cis-acting genetic elements that negatively impairs the estrogen-regulated transcription mediated by the functional ERE. Accordingly, we prepared chimeric DNA constructs which eventually allowed to identify a region located 29 base pairs (bp) downstream of the ERE as responsible for the lack of estrogen-responsiveness of the Ma-UG gene in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. This region contains the sequence ACACCCC which has been identified as the core sequence of the Sp/ Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family of transcription factors. This finding is relevant, not only due to the observation on a novel mechanism that control estrogen-induced transcription, but also because it may encourage further investigation for better defining specific genes with an ERE that do not respond to estrogen signaling in MCF-7 cells, a cell line widely employed as an in vitro model in breast cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Cruz-Huerta
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Teresa Zariñán
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación (RAI), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juana Enríquez
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación (RAI), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rubén Gutiérrez-Sagal
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación (RAI), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
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5
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Liu C, Feng C, Li H, Zhang E, Liu B, Wang Y, Wang P. The mechanisms of tumor necrosis factor α in regulating Krüpple-like factor 4 expression in SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38235502 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.14046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the expression and functional role of Krüpple-like factor 4 (KLF4) protein stimulated by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. METHODS SK-BR-3 cells were stimulated with various concentrations of TNF-α at 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 ng/mL. Expression levels of KLF4 protein were detected by Western blotting. In the detection of apoptosis, flow cytometry, and DAPI staining were used for detecting the level of apoptosis. RESULTS KLF4 expression was markedly elevated following stimulation of SK-BR-3 with TNF-α. At the same time, the expression of KLF4 protein increased gradually with the increase of TNF-α stimulation concentration. TNF-α stimulation of SK-BR-3 cells increased apoptosis as measured by apoptosis levels. By overexpressing KLF4 protein in SK-BR-3 cells, it similarly increased apoptosis and promoted cell death of SK-BR-3 cells. CONCLUSION TNF-α promotes KLF4 expression, while TNF-α promotes apoptosis in SK-BR-3 cells, a process that may be due to elevated KLF4 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, China
| | - Chengbao Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, China
| | - Haifei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, China
| | - Erying Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, China
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6
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Hasan A, Khan NA, Uddin S, Khan AQ, Steinhoff M. Deregulated transcription factors in the emerging cancer hallmarks. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 98:31-50. [PMID: 38123029 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is a multifaceted process that entails several stages and demands the persistent expression or activation of transcription factors (TFs) to facilitate growth and survival. TFs are a cluster of proteins with DNA-binding domains that attach to promoter or enhancer DNA strands to start the transcription of genes by collaborating with RNA polymerase and other supporting proteins. They are generally acknowledged as the major regulatory molecules that coordinate biological homeostasis and the appropriate functioning of cellular components, subsequently contributing to human physiology. TFs proteins are crucial for controlling transcription during the embryonic stage and development, and the stability of different cell types depends on how they function in different cell types. The development and progression of cancer cells and tumors might be triggered by any anomaly in transcription factor function. It has long been acknowledged that cancer development is accompanied by the dysregulated activity of TF alterations which might result in faulty gene expression. Recent studies have suggested that dysregulated transcription factors play a major role in developing various human malignancies by altering and rewiring metabolic processes, modifying the immune response, and triggering oncogenic signaling cascades. This review emphasizes the interplay between TFs involved in metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, evading immune attacks, cellular senescence, and the maintenance of cancer stemness in cancerous cells. The insights presented herein will facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic modalities to tackle the dysregulated transcription factors underlying cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adria Hasan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Naushad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery Clinical Research, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India; Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha 24144, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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7
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Li AM, He B, Karagiannis D, Li Y, Jiang H, Srinivasan P, Ramirez Y, Zhou MN, Curtis C, Gruber JJ, Lu C, Rankin EB, Ye J. Serine starvation silences estrogen receptor signaling through histone hypoacetylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302489120. [PMID: 37695911 PMCID: PMC10515173 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302489120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of estrogen receptor (ER) pathway activity promotes breast cancer progression, yet how this occurs remains poorly understood. Here, we show that serine starvation, a metabolic stress often found in breast cancer, represses estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) signaling by reprogramming glucose metabolism and epigenetics. Using isotope tracing and time-resolved metabolomic analyses, we demonstrate that serine is required to maintain glucose flux through glycolysis and the TCA cycle to support acetyl-CoA generation for histone acetylation. Consequently, limiting serine depletes histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), particularly at the promoter region of ER pathway genes including the gene encoding ERα, ESR1. Mechanistically, serine starvation impairs acetyl-CoA-dependent gene expression by inhibiting the entry of glycolytic carbon into the TCA cycle and down-regulating the mitochondrial citrate exporter SLC25A1, a critical enzyme in the production of nucleocytosolic acetyl-CoA from glucose. Consistent with this model, total H3K27ac and ERα expression are suppressed by SLC25A1 inhibition and restored by acetate, an alternate source of acetyl-CoA, in serine-free conditions. We thus uncover an unexpected role for serine in sustaining ER signaling through the regulation of acetyl-CoA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert M Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Bo He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Dimitris Karagiannis
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Preethi Srinivasan
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Yaniel Ramirez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Meng-Ning Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Christina Curtis
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Joshua J Gruber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Erinn B Rankin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jiangbin Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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He Z, He J, Xie K. KLF4 transcription factor in tumorigenesis. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:118. [PMID: 37031197 PMCID: PMC10082813 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01416-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like transcriptional factor is important in maintaining cellular functions. Deletion of Krüppel-like transcriptional factor usually causes abnormal embryonic development and even embryonic death. KLF4 is a prominent member of this family, and embryonic deletion of KLF4 leads to alterations in skin permeability and postnatal death. In addition to its important role in embryo development, it also plays a critical role in inflammation and malignancy. It has been investigated that KLF4 has a regulatory role in a variety of cancers, including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, pancreatic, hepatocellular, ovarian, esophageal, bladder and brain cancer. However, the role of KLF4 in tumorigenesis is complex, which may link to its unique structure with both transcriptional activation and transcriptional repression domains, and to the regulation of its upstream and downstream signaling molecules. In this review, we will summarize the structural and functional aspects of KLF4, with a focus on KLF4 as a clinical biomarker and therapeutic target in different types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong He
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The South China University of Technology Comprehensive Cancer Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- The South China University of Technology Comprehensive Cancer Center, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Chaudhary A, Raza SS, Haque R. Transcriptional factors targeting in cancer stem cells for tumor modulation. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:123-137. [PMID: 36603792 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are now considered the primary "seeds" for the onset, development, metastasis, and recurrence of tumors. Despite therapeutic breakthroughs, cancer remains the leading cause of death worldwide. This is because the tumor microenvironment contains a key population of cells known as CSCs, which promote tumor aggression. CSCs are self-renewing cells that aid tumor recurrence by promoting tumor growth and persisting in patients after many traditional cancer treatments. According to reports, numerous transcription factors (TF) play a key role in maintaining CSC pluripotency and its self-renewal property. The understanding of the functions, structures, and interactional dynamics of these transcription factors with DNA has modified the hypothesis, paving the way for novel transcription factor-targeted therapies. These TFs, which are crucial and are required by cancer cells, play a vital function in the etiology of human cancer. Such CSC TFs will help with gene expression profiling, which provides crucial data for predicting the prognosis of patients. To overcome anti-cancer medication resistance and completely eradicate cancer, a potent therapy combining TFs-based CSC targets with traditional chemotherapy may be developed. In order to develop therapies that could eliminate CSCs, we here concentrated on the effect of TFs and other components of signalling pathways on cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Earth Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar, India
| | - Syed Shadab Raza
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Rizwanul Haque
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Earth Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar, India.
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10
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Wang JZ, Nassiri F, Mawrin C, Zadeh G. Genomic Landscape of Meningiomas. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1416:137-158. [PMID: 37432625 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29750-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite being the most common primary brain tumor in adults, until recently, the genomics of meningiomas have remained quite understudied. In this chapter we will discuss the early cytogenetic and mutational changes uncovered in meningiomas, from the discovery of the loss of chromosome 22q and the neurofibromatosis-2 (NF2) gene to other non-NF2 driver mutations (KLF4, TRAF7, AKT1, SMO, etc.) discovered using next generation sequencing. We discuss each of these alterations in the context of their clinical significance and conclude the chapter by reviewing recent multiomic studies that have integrated our knowledge of these alterations together to develop novel molecular classifications for meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Z Wang
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Farshad Nassiri
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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11
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Xu KJ, Loganathan N, Belsham DD. Bisphenol S induces Agrp expression through GPER1 activation and alters transcription factor expression in immortalized hypothalamic neurons: A mechanism distinct from BPA-induced upregulation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 552:111630. [PMID: 35569583 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity around the world has brought concern upon ubiquitously present obesogenic environmental compounds, such as bisphenol A (BPA). Increasingly tightened regulations on the industrial use of BPA have prompted a transition to a structurally similar alternative, bisphenol S (BPS). BPS displays endocrine-disrupting behaviours similar to those of BPA and increases body weight, food intake and the hypothalamic expression of Agrp in vivo. However, the mechanisms behind this deleterious effect are unclear. Here, we report an increase in the mRNA level of Agrp at 4 h following BPS treatment in immortalized murine hypothalamic cell lines of embryonic and adult origin (mHypoE-41, mHypoA-59). BPS-induced changes in the expression of transcription factors and estrogen receptors that occurred concurrently with Agrp upregulation demonstrated similarities to BPA-induced changes, however, there were also changes that were unique to BPS. Specifically, while Chop, Atf3, Atf4, Atf6, Klf4, and Creb1 were upregulated and Gper1 was downregulated by both BPA and BPS, Esr1 mRNA levels were upregulated and Foxo1 and Stat3 levels remained unchanged by BPS. Finally, inhibition of GPER1 by G15 prevented BPS-mediated Agrp upregulation, independent of Atf3 and Klf4 upregulation. Overall, our results demonstrate the ability of BPS to increase Agrp mRNA expression through GPER1 signaling and to alter transcription factor expression in hypothalamic neurons, further elucidating the endocrine-disrupting potential of this alternative industrial chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Xu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Neruja Loganathan
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Denise D Belsham
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
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12
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Chen X, Xu J, Zeng F, Yang C, Sun W, Yu T, Zhang H, Li Y. Inferring Cell Subtypes and LncRNA Function by a Cell-Specific CeRNA Network in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:656675. [PMID: 33987091 PMCID: PMC8111082 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.656675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing is a powerful tool to explore the heterogeneity of breast cancer. The identification of the cell subtype that responds to estrogen has profound significance in breast cancer research and treatment. The transcriptional regulation of estrogen is an intricate network involving crosstalk between protein-coding and non-coding RNAs, which is still largely unknown, particularly at the single cell level. Therefore, we proposed a novel strategy to specify cell subtypes based on a cell-specific ceRNA network (CCN). The CCN was constructed by integrating a cell-specific RNA-RNA co-expression network (RCN) with an existing ceRNA network. The cell-specific RCN was built based on single cell expression profiles with predefined reference cells. Heterogeneous cell subtypes were inferred by enriching RNAs in CCN to the estrogen response hallmark. Edge biomarkers were identified in the early estrogen response subtype. Topological analysis revealed that NEAT1 was a hub lncRNA for the early response subtype, and its ceRNAs could predict patient survival. Another hub lncRNA, DLEU2, could potentially be involved in GPCR signaling, based on CCN. The CCN method that we proposed here facilitates the inference of cell subtypes from a network perspective and explores the function of hub lncRNAs, which are promising targets for RNA-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zeng
- School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Sun
- School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haokun Zhang
- School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Vélot L, Lessard F, Bérubé-Simard FA, Tav C, Neveu B, Teyssier V, Boudaoud I, Dionne U, Lavoie N, Bilodeau S, Pouliot F, Bisson N. Proximity-dependent Mapping of the Androgen Receptor Identifies Kruppel-like Factor 4 as a Functional Partner. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100064. [PMID: 33640491 PMCID: PMC8050775 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and the third cause of cancer mortality. PCa initiation and growth are driven by the androgen receptor (AR). The AR is activated by androgens such as testosterone and controls prostatic cell proliferation and survival. Here, we report an AR signaling network generated using BioID proximity labeling proteomics in androgen-dependent LAPC4 cells. We identified 31 AR-associated proteins in nonstimulated cells. Strikingly, the AR signaling network increased to 182 and 200 proteins, upon 24 h or 72 h of androgenic stimulation, respectively, for a total of 267 nonredundant AR-associated candidates. Among the latter group, we identified 213 proteins that were not previously reported in databases. Many of these new AR-associated proteins are involved in DNA metabolism, RNA processing, and RNA polymerase II transcription. Moreover, we identified 44 transcription factors, including the Kru¨ppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), which were found interacting in androgen-stimulated cells. Interestingly, KLF4 repressed the well-characterized AR-dependent transcription of the KLK3 (PSA) gene; AR and KLF4 also colocalized genome-wide. Taken together, our data report an expanded high-confidence proximity network for AR, which will be instrumental to further dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying androgen signaling in PCa cells. BioID proteomics identifies 267 androgen receptor (AR)-associated candidates Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a new AR interaction partner AR and KLF4 colocalize genome-wide on >4000 genes, including KLK3 (PSA) KLF4 acts as a repressor for the AR target gene KLK3 (PSA)
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Vélot
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lessard
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Félix-Antoine Bérubé-Simard
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christophe Tav
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche en données massives de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Bertrand Neveu
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valentine Teyssier
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Imène Boudaoud
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ugo Dionne
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Noémie Lavoie
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steve Bilodeau
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche en données massives de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Pouliot
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Department of Surgery, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Nicolas Bisson
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada.
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14
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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15
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Unravelling Structure, Localization, and Genetic Crosstalk of KLF3 in Human Breast Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2020:1354381. [PMID: 33490232 PMCID: PMC7803292 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1354381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevailing disease among women. It actually develops from breast tissue and has heterogeneous and complex nature that constitutes multiple tumor quiddities. These features are associated with different histological forms, distinctive biological characteristics, and clinical patterns. The predisposition of breast cancer has been attributed to a number of genetic factors, associated with the worst outcomes. Unfortunately, their behavior with relevance to clinical significance remained poorly understood. So, there is a need to further explore the nature of the disease at the transcriptome level. The focus of this study was to explore the influence of Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3), tumor protein D52 (TPD52), microRNA 124 (miR-124), and protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε) expression on breast cancer. Moreover, this study was also aimed at predicting the tertiary structure of KLF3 protein. Expression of genes was analyzed through real-time PCR using the delta cycle threshold method, and statistical significance was calculated by two-way ANOVA in Graphpad Prism. For the construction of a 3D model, various bioinformatics software programs, Swiss Model and UCSF Chimera, were employed. The expression of KLF3, miR-124, and PKCε genes was decreased (fold change: 0.076443, 0.06969, and 0.011597, respectively). However, there was 2-fold increased expression of TPD52 with p value < 0.001 relative to control. Tertiary structure of KLF3 exhibited 80.72% structure conservation with its template KLF4 and was 95.06% structurally favored by a Ramachandran plot. These genes might be predictors of stage, metastasis, receptor, and treatment status and used as new biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis. However, extensive investigations at the tissue level and in in vivo are required to further strengthen their role as a potential biomarker for prognosis of breast cancer.
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16
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Shan NL, Shin Y, Yang G, Furmanski P, Suh N. Breast cancer stem cells: A review of their characteristics and the agents that affect them. Mol Carcinog 2021; 60:73-100. [PMID: 33428807 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The evolving concept that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the driving element in cancer development, evolution and heterogeneity, has overridden the previous model of a tumor consisting of cells all with similar sequentially acquired mutations and a similar potential for renewal, invasion and metastasis. This paradigm shift has focused attention on therapeutically targeting CSCs directly as a means of eradicating the disease. In breast cancers, CSCs can be identified by cell surface markers and are characterized by their ability to self-renew and differentiate, resist chemotherapy and radiation, and initiate new tumors upon serial transplantation in xenografted mice. These functional properties of CSCs are regulated by both intracellular and extracellular factors including pluripotency-related transcription factors, intracellular signaling pathways and external stimuli. Several classes of natural products and synthesized compounds have been studied to target these regulatory elements and force CSCs to lose stemness and/or terminally differentiate and thereby achieve a therapeutic effect. However, realization of an effective treatment for breast cancers, focused on the biological effects of these agents on breast CSCs, their functions and signaling, has not yet been achieved. In this review, we delineate the intrinsic and extrinsic factors identified to date that control or promote stemness in breast CSCs and provide a comprehensive compilation of potential agents that have been studied to target breast CSCs, transcription factors and stemness-related signaling. Our aim is to stimulate further study of these agents that could become the basis for their use as stand-alone treatments or components of combination therapies effective against breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naing L Shan
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yoosub Shin
- Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ge Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Philip Furmanski
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nanjoo Suh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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17
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Beyond Synthetic Lethality: Charting the Landscape of Pairwise Gene Expression States Associated with Survival in Cancer. Cell Rep 2020; 28:938-948.e6. [PMID: 31340155 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic effect of perturbing a gene's activity depends on the activity level of other genes, reflecting the notion that phenotypes are emergent properties of a network of functionally interacting genes. In the context of cancer, contemporary investigations have primarily focused on just one type of functional relationship between two genes-synthetic lethality (SL). Here, we define the more general concept of "survival-associated pairwise gene expression states" (SPAGEs) as gene pairs whose joint expression levels are associated with survival. We describe a data-driven approach called SPAGE-finder that when applied to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data identified 71,946 SPAGEs spanning 12 distinct types, only a minority of which are SLs. The detected SPAGEs explain cancer driver genes' tissue specificity and differences in patients' response to drugs and stratify breast cancer tumors into refined subtypes. These results expand the scope of cancer SPAGEs and lay a conceptual basis for future studies of SPAGEs and their translational applications.
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18
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Roberts MS, Anstine LJ, Finke VS, Bryson BL, Webb BM, Weber-Bonk KL, Seachrist DD, Majmudar PR, Keri RA. KLF4 defines the efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, erlotinib, in triple-negative breast cancer cells by repressing the EGFR gene. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:66. [PMID: 32552913 PMCID: PMC7301986 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by high rates of recurrence and poor overall survival. This is due, in part, to a deficiency of targeted therapies, making it essential to identify therapeutically targetable driver pathways of this disease. While epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is expressed in 60% of TNBCs and drives disease progression, attempts to inhibit EGFR in unselected TNBC patients have had a marginal impact on outcomes. Hence, we sought to identify the mechanisms that dictate EGFR expression and inhibitor response to provide a path for improving the utility of these drugs. In this regard, the majority of TNBCs express low levels of the transcription factor, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), while a small subset is associated with high expression. KLF4 and EGFR have also been reported to have opposing actions in TNBC. Thus, we tested whether KLF4 controls the expression of EGFR and cellular response to its pharmacological inhibition. Methods KLF4 was transiently overexpressed in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells or silenced in MCF10A cells. Migration and invasion were assessed using modified Boyden chamber assays, and proliferation was measured by EdU incorporation. Candidate downstream targets of KLF4, including EGFR, were identified using reverse phase protein arrays of MDA-MB-231 cells following enforced KLF4 expression. The ability of KLF4 to suppress EGFR gene and protein expression and downstream signaling was assessed by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. ChIP-PCR confirmed KLF4 binding to the EGFR promoter. Response to erlotinib in the context of KLF4 overexpression or silencing was assessed using cell number and dose-response curves. Results We report that KLF4 is a major determinant of EGFR expression and activity in TNBC cells. KLF4 represses transcription of the EGFR gene, leading to reduced levels of total EGFR, its activated/phosphorylated form (pEGFR), and its downstream signaling intermediates. Moreover, KLF4 suppression of EGFR is a necessary intermediary step for KLF4 to inhibit aggressive TNBC phenotypes. Most importantly, KLF4 dictates the sensitivity of TNBC cells to erlotinib, an FDA-approved inhibitor of EGFR. Conclusions KLF4 is a major regulator of the efficacy of EGFR inhibitors in TNBC cells that may underlie the variable effectiveness of such drugs in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melyssa S Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lindsey J Anstine
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Viviane S Finke
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Benjamin L Bryson
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Bryan M Webb
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Kristen L Weber-Bonk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Darcie D Seachrist
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Parth R Majmudar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ruth A Keri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences and Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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19
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Zhou Z, Song X, Chi JJ, Gius DR, Huang Y, Cristofanilli M, Wan Y. Regulation of KLF4 by posttranslational modification circuitry in endocrine resistance. Cell Signal 2020; 70:109574. [PMID: 32084531 PMCID: PMC7511032 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
KLF4 plays an important role in orchestrating a variety of cellular events, including cell-fate decision, genome stability and apoptosis. Its deregulation is correlated with human diseases such as breast cancer and gastrointestinal cancer. Results from recent biochemical studies have revealed that KLF4 is tightly regulated by posttranslational modifications. Here we report a new finding that KLF4 orchestrates estrogen receptor signaling and facilitates endocrine resistance. We also uncovered the underlying mechanism that alteration of KLF4 by posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation and ubiquitylation changes tumor cell response to endocrine therapy drugs. IHC analyses using based on human breast cancer specimens showed the accumulation of KLF4 protein in ER-positive breast cancer tissues. Elevated KLF4 expression significantly correlated with prognosis and endocrine resistance. Our drug screening for suppressing KLF4 protein expression led to identification of Src kinase to be a critical player in modulating KLF4-mediated tamoxifen resistance. Depletion of VHL (von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor), a ubiquitin E3 ligase for KLF4, reduces tumor cell sensitivity to tamoxifen. We demonstrated phosphorylation of VHL by Src enhances proteolysis of VHL that in turn leads to upregulation of KLF4 and increases endocrine resistance. Suppression of Src-VHL-KLF4 cascade by Src inhibitor or enhancement of VHL-KLF4 ubiquitination by TAT-KLF4 (371-420AAa) peptides re-sensitizes tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells to tamoxifen treatment. Taken together, our findings demonstrate a novel role for KLF4 in modulating endocrine resistance via the Src-VHL-KLF4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Xinxin Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Junlong Jack Chi
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - David R Gius
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Yi Huang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Massimo Cristofanilli
- Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
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20
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Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wu P, Chen D. Long non-coding RNA LINC00673 silencing inhibits proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells via decreasing KLF4 promoter methylation. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1878-1892. [PMID: 31881124 PMCID: PMC6991650 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the major causes of cancer‐related mortality in men across the world. Recently, long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and Kruppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) have been reported to participate in the biology of multiple cancers including prostate cancer. Here, this study aimed to explore the possible role of LINC00673 in prostate cancer via KLF4 gene promoter methylation. Microarray‐based gene expression profiling of prostate cancer was employed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes, after which the expression of LINC00673 and KLF4 in prostate cancer tissues was determined using RT‐qPCR. Next, the relationship between LINC00673 and KLF4 was evaluated using in silico analysis. Further, the effect of LINC00673 and KLF4 on cell proliferation and drug resistance of transfected cells was examined with gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experimentation. It was found that LINC00673 was highly expressed, while KLF4 was poorly expressed in prostate cancer tissues. Additionally, LINC00673 could bind to KLF4 gene promoter region and recruit methyltransferase to the KLF4 gene promoter region. Moreover, LINC00673 silencing was demonstrated to reduce methylation of the KLF4 gene promoter to elevate the expression of KLF4, thus suppressing the proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells. In summary, LINC00673 silencing could drive demethylation of the KLF4 gene promoter and thus inhibit the proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells, suggesting that silencing of LINC00673 and elevation of KLF4 could serve as tumour suppressors in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenming Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County, Xining, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pingeng Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Central Lab, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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21
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Zhang J, Li G, Feng L, Lu H, Wang X. Krüppel-like factors in breast cancer: Function, regulation and clinical relevance. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 123:109778. [PMID: 31855735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has accounted for the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Although the progress in its diagnosis and treatment has come at a remarkable pace during the past several decades, there are still a wide array of problems regarding its progression, metastasis and treatment resistance that have not yet been fully clarified. Recently, an increasing number of studies have revealed that some members of Krüppel-like factors(KLFs) are significantly associated with cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, cancer stem cell regulation and prognostic and predictive value for patients in breast cancer, indicating their promising prognostic and predictive potential for breast cancer survival and outcome. In this review, we will summarize our current knowledge of the functions, regulations and clinical relevance of KLFs in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangliang Li
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lifeng Feng
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiqi Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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22
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Cheng L, Shi L, Dai H. Bioinformatics analysis of potential prognostic biomarkers among Krüppel-like transcription Factors (KLFs) in breast cancer. Cancer Biomark 2019; 26:411-420. [PMID: 31640084 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Dai
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Wang Q, Xu J, Chen Y, Liu L. KLF4 overexpression decreases the viability, invasion and migration of papillary thyroid cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:3493-3501. [PMID: 31602225 PMCID: PMC6777314 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) has been implicated in a number of different types of cancer; however, the role of KLF4 in papillary thyroid cancer remains elusive. The present study aimed to investigate the role of KLF4 in papillary thyroid cancer and its potential underlying molecular mechanisms. The expression of KLF4 in thyroid tumor tissue and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were detected via immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The papillary thyroid cancer cell line, KTC1, was transfected with viruses carrying KLF4 overexpression vectors. The relative expression of KLF4, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9 and collagen was detected via quantitative-PCR. The viability of KTC1 cells was detected using a cell counting kit-8 assay at 24, 48 and 72 h. Cell invasion was examined via a transwell invasion assay. Cell migration was examined via a scratch migration assay at 0 and 24 h. Compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues, the expression of KLF4 was significantly lower in thyroid tumor tissues. The expression of KLF4 in KTC1 cells were significantly increased compared with the blank or negative control groups. The expression of N-cadherin, MMP2, MMP9 and collagen was significantly decreased in the KLF4 overexpression group. The viability of KTC1 cells was markedly decreased in KLF4 overexpression group at 24, 48 and 72 h when compared with the blank or negative control groups. The invasion of KTC1 cells in the KLF4 overexpression group was markedly decreased. Compared with the negative control group, the KTC1 cell migration in the KLF4 overexpression group was markedly decreased at 24 h. The expression of KLF4 was also significantly lower in thyroid tumor tissues. The cell viability, tumor invasion and migration ability and expression levels of N-cadherin, MMP2, MMP9 and collagen in papillary thyroid cancer cells were markedly decreased with KLF4 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianzhu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Baoshan District Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Shanghai 201999, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Baoshan District Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Shanghai 201999, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Baoshan District Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Shanghai 201999, P.R. China
| | - Limin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Baoshan District Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Shanghai 201999, P.R. China
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Yi J, Ren L, Wu J, Li W, Zheng X, Du G, Wang J. Apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:380. [PMID: 31555694 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.07.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant cancer in the worldwide, especially in China. Patients with GC have poor prognosis, which is mainly due to lack of early diagnosis. Up to now, there is no good biomarker to detect GC at early stage. Apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1), a component of both triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins, is reported to be involved in numerous biological processes. Methods Expression of APOC1 mRNA was analyzed by in silicon assay. Concentration of APOC1 in serum was measured by ELISA assay. Expression of APOC1 protein in GC tissue array was checked by immunohistochemistry. Results It was firstly found that concentration of APOC1 in serum was significantly higher in GC than that in control. Expression of APOC1 protein was also higher in GC than that in adjacent issues of GC and normal tissues using tissues array by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the expression of APOC1 is significantly associated with clinical stage (P=0.011), tumor classification (P=0.010), as well as with the lymph node metastasis (P=0.048). Area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of APOC1 was 0.803. Furthermore, elevated APOC1 expression in GC was found to be correlated with decreased overall survival (P=0.00214). Conclusions All these results suggested that APOC1 might be a potential serum biomarker to diagnose GC and a potential prognostic marker for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Liwen Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Wan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiangjin Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Braný D, Dvorská D, Grendár M, Ňachajová M, Szépe P, Lasabová Z, Žúbor P, Višňovský J, Halášová E. Different methylation levels in the KLF4, ATF3 and DLEC1 genes in the myometrium and in corpus uteri mesenchymal tumours as assessed by MS-HRM. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152465. [PMID: 31176573 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal tumours of the corpus uteri comprise common benign lesions - leiomyomas and very rare malignant variants - sarcomas. It can be difficult to distinguish between the particular types of mesenchymal tumours pre-surgically. Primarily, leiomyomas and the very aggressive leiomyosarcomas can be easily misdiagnosed when using only imaging devices. Therefore, a reliable non-invasive marker for these tumour types would provide greater certitude for patients that the lesion remains benign. Our collection comprises 76 native leiomyomas, an equal number of healthy myometrium samples and 49 FFPE samples of various types of sarcomas. The methylation level was assessed by MS-HRM method and we observed differences in the methylation level between healthy, benign and (semi)malignant tissues in the KLF4 and DLEC1 genes. The mean methylation levels of leiomyomas compared to myometrium and leiomyosarcomas were 70.7% vs. 6.5% vs. 39.6 % (KLF4) and 66.1% vs. 14.08% vs. 37.5% (DLEC1). The ATF3 gene was differentially methylated in leiomyomatous and myometrial tissues with 98.1% compared to 76.6%. The AUC values of the predictive logistic regression model for discrimination between leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas based on methylation levels were 0.7829 (KLF4) and 0.7719 (DLEC1). Finally, our results suggest that there should be distinct models for the methylation events in benign leiomyomas and sarcomas, and that the KLF4 and DLEC1 genes can be considered potential methylation biomarkers for uterine leiomyomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Braný
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Dana Dvorská
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Marián Grendár
- Bioinformatic Unit, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava
| | - Marcela Ňachajová
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Martin University Hospital, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava
| | - Peter Szépe
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Martin University Hospital, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava
| | - Zora Lasabová
- Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava
| | - Pavol Žúbor
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Martin University Hospital, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava
| | - Jozef Višňovský
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Martin University Hospital, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava
| | - Erika Halášová
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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Kim SH, Singh SV. Role of Krüppel-like Factor 4-p21 CIP1 Axis in Breast Cancer Stem-like Cell Inhibition by Benzyl Isothiocyanate. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 12:125-134. [PMID: 30723175 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention by benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), which is derived from cruciferous vegetables like garden cress, in a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer is associated with inhibition of breast cancer stem-like cells (bCSC), but the molecular regulators of this effect remain elusive. This study demonstrates a protective effect of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)-p21CIP1 axis in bCSC inhibition by BITC. Exposure of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and SUM159) to plasma-achievable concentrations of BITC resulted in a robust induction of KLF4 mRNA and its protein expression as determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting or confocal microscopy. BITC-mediated suppression of bCSC markers, including aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 activity and mammosphere frequency, was significantly augmented by transient or stable knockdown of KLF4. Western blotting and IHC revealed relatively higher levels of KLF4 protein in mammary tumor sections from BITC-treated mice in comparison with controls, but the difference was insignificant. Analysis of the breast cancer RNA-Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas indicated significant positive correlation between expression of KLF4 and that of p21CIP1 (CDKN1A) but not β-Catenin (CTNNB1). Knockdown of p21CIP1 protein also amplified BITC-mediated suppression of bCSC. Finally, KLF4 was recruited to the promoter of p21CIP1 as indicated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. These results indicate that induction of KLF4-p21CIP1 axis attenuates inhibitory effect of BITC on bCSC self-renewal. Translational implication of these findings is that breast cancer chemoprevention by BITC may be augmented with a combination regimen involving BITC and an inhibitor of KLF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shivendra V Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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27
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Wang L, Shen F, Stroehlein JR, Wei D. Context-dependent functions of KLF4 in cancers: Could alternative splicing isoforms be the key? Cancer Lett 2018; 438:10-16. [PMID: 30217565 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is an important transcription factor that is expressed in a variety of tissues and regulates many critical physiologic and cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, stem cell reprogramming, maintenance of genomic stability, and normal tissue homeostasis. KLF4 has both tumor suppressive and oncogenic functions in gastrointestinal and other cancers. These functions are thought to be context dependent, but how KLF4 exerts these differential functions and the molecular mechanisms behind them remain poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that the KLF4 gene undergoes alternative splicing, and the protein products of certain transcripts antagonize wild-type KLF4 function, suggesting an additional layer of regulation of KLF4 function. Therefore, detailed study of KLF4 alternative splicing may not only provide new insights into the complexity of KLF4 functions but also lead to rational targeting of KLF4 for cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John R Stroehlein
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Yu M, Hao B, Zhan Y, Luo G. Krüppel-like factor 4 expression in solid tumor prognosis: A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 485:50-59. [PMID: 29940144 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating studies have demonstrated that Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) can act as a tumor suppressor or oncogene in the carcinogenesis of diverse cancers. The prognostic value of KLF4 in various human solid cancers remains controversial. Thus, the present meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of KLF4 in solid tumors. METHODS Eligible literature was retrieved by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed using fixed-effects and random-effects models. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. In addition, publication bias was assessed using Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression asymmetry test. RESULTS The 22 eligible studies finally enrolled a total of 2988 patients to assess the prognostic value of KLF4 in solid tumors. Low KLF4 expression was clearly related to worse OS (HR = 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30-2.24, P < 0.001) and DFS (HR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.34-2.26, P < 0.001), indicating that low KLF4 expression could be an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in solid cancers. CONCLUSION KLF4 might be a potential marker to predict prognosis in solid cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomei Yu
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Bo Hao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yuxia Zhan
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Guanghua Luo
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.
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29
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Tang H, Zhu H, Wang X, Hua L, Li J, Xie Q, Chen X, Zhang T, Gong Y. KLF4 is a tumor suppressor in anaplastic meningioma stem-like cells and human meningiomas. J Mol Cell Biol 2018. [PMID: 28651379 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common primary tumors in central nervous system. While recent studies have revealed genetic clues to lower grade human meningiomas, the molecular determinants driving the progression and recurrence of anaplastic meningioma, the most malignant subtype with a low prevalence but high morbidity, are still poorly understood. It has been proposed that high recurrence rates of malignant meningiomas are linked to cancer stem cells. Indeed, tumor stem-like cells have been isolated from various meningioma subtypes, but never been obtained from anaplastic meningioma. In this study, we successfully isolated stem-like cells from human anaplastic meningioma. These cells are capable of forming spheres and initiating xenograft tumors that recapitulate anaplastic meningioma phenotypes, and thus could serve as an in vitro model for malignant meningiomas. KLF4, a transcription factor known for its role in stemness maintenance, was identified as one of the most frequently mutated genes in the benign secretory meningioma. Interestingly, we found that KLF4 is downregulated in anaplastic meningioma compared with low-grade meningioma subtypes. By manipulating KLF4 expression in anaplastic meningioma stem-like cells, we demonstrated that KLF4 acts as a tumor suppressor during malignant progression in meningioma, affecting apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and cell cycle. These results suggest a potential therapeutic value of KLF4 for clinical intervention of anaplastic meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hongda Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xuanchun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lingyang Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jingrun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiancheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Y Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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The novel KLF4/PLAC8 signaling pathway regulates lung cancer growth. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:603. [PMID: 29789534 PMCID: PMC5964121 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that placenta-specific 8 (PLAC8) plays an important role in normal cellular process and human diseases, including multiple types of human tumors, and its role is highly relied upon in cellular and physiologic contexts. However, there are no reports on its expression profile and biological roles during lung cancer development. In the current study, both the clinical implications and biological effects of PLAC8 in lung cancer (LC) progression were investigated, and we identified and described the novel Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)/PLAC8 regulatory pathway in cancer progression. Elevated PLAC8 levels were positively correlated with tumor size, histological grade, and tumor node metasis (TNM) stage, and LC patients with high PLAC8 expression suffered poor outcomes. In vitro and in vivo assays further revealed that endogenous PLAC8 promoted cell proliferation and tumor formation. We also found downregulated PLAC8 protein in several LC cell lines following the induction of KLF4, and immunohistochemistry analysis of LC tissues by microarray indicated a potential inverse correlation between PLAC8 and KLF4 expression. Luciferase reporter analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays determined that KLF4 negatively regulated PLAC8 promoter activity via directly binding to the promoter region. Furthermore, the growth inhibition resulting from KLF4 overexpression was partially rescued by ectopic PLAC8 expression. Together, our data uncovered a previously unidentified role of PLAC8 as a central mediator in LC progression. PLAC8 was transcriptionally repressed by KLF4, and the novel KLF4/PLAC8 axis may act as a promising candidate target for LC diagnosis and therapy.
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31
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Feng W, Xie Q, Liu S, Ji Y, Li C, Wang C, Jin L. Krüppel-like factor 4 promotes c-Met amplification-mediated gefitinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1775-1786. [PMID: 29624806 PMCID: PMC5989843 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gefitinib has been widely used in the first‐line treatment of advanced EGFR‐mutated non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, many NSCLC patients will acquire resistance to gefitinib after 9‐14 months of treatment. This study revealed that Krüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) contributes to the formation of gefitinib resistance in c‐Met‐overexpressing NSCLC cells. We observed that KLF4 was overexpressed in c‐Met‐overexpressing NSCLC cells and tissues. Knockdown of KLF4 increased tumorigenic properties in gefitinib‐resistant NSCLC cell lines without c‐Met overexpression, but it reduced tumorigenic properties and increased gefitinib sensitivity in gefitinib‐resistant NSCLC cells with c‐Met overexpression, whereas overexpression of KLF4 reduced gefitinib sensitivity in gefitinib‐sensitive NSCLC cells. Furthermore, Western blot analysis revealed that KLF4 contributed to the formation of gefitinib resistance in c‐Met‐overexpressing NSCLC cells by inhibiting the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins under gefitinib treatment and activating the c‐Met/Akt signaling pathway by decreasing the inhibition of β‐catenin on phosphorylation of c‐Met to prevent blockade by gefitinib. In summary, this study's results suggest that KLF4 is a promising candidate molecular target for both prevention and therapy of NSCLC with c‐Met overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianyi Xie
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Suo Liu
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Ji
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunyun Li
- Departments of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunle Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Longyu Jin
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Gwak JM, Kim M, Kim HJ, Jang MH, Park SY. Expression of embryonal stem cell transcription factors in breast cancer: Oct4 as an indicator for poor clinical outcome and tamoxifen resistance. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36305-36318. [PMID: 28422735 PMCID: PMC5482656 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors of embryonic stem cells, such as Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, Bmi1, and Klf4, are known to be associated with stemness, epithelial–mesenchymal transition and aggressive tumor behavior. This study was designed to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of their expression in breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry for Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, Bmi1, and Klf4 was performed in 319 cases of invasive breast cancer. The relationship between the expression of these markers and clinicopathologic features of the tumors, including breast cancer stem cell phenotype and epithelial–mesenchymal transition marker expression, and their prognostic value in breast cancer, were analyzed. Expression of Oct4 and Sox2 was commonly associated with high histologic grade and high Ki-67 index in the whole group and in the hormone receptor-positive subgroup. On the other hand, expression of Nanog, Bmi1, and Klf4 was inversely correlated with aggressive features of the breast cancer. Oct4 expression was associated with ALDH1 expression but not with epithelial–mesenchymal transition marker expression. In survival analysis, Oct4 expression was independently associated with poor prognosis in the whole group and in the hormone receptor-positive subgroup, but not in hormone receptor-negative subgroup. Particularly, Oct4 expression was associated with poor clinical outcome in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer treated with tamoxifen. Our results indicate that Oct4 expression is associated with aggressive features, ALDH1 expression, tamoxifen resistance and poor clinical outcomes in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, and thus may be useful as a predictive and prognostic marker in this subgroup of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Moon Gwak
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Green Cross Laboratory, Yongin, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Milim Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hye Jang
- Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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Ferralli J, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Degen M. KLF4α stimulates breast cancer cell proliferation by acting as a KLF4 antagonist. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45608-45621. [PMID: 27323810 PMCID: PMC5216746 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), a transcription factor involved in both tumor suppression and oncogenesis in various human tumors, is subject to alternative splicing that produces KLF4α. KLF4α is primarily expressed in the cytoplasm because it lacks exon 3 of KLF4, which contains the nuclear localization signal. The role of KLF4 in breast cancer remains unclear and nothing is known yet about the expression and function of the isoform KLF4α. Here, we show that KLF4α is expressed in normal and tumoral tissue of the breast and provide evidence that the KLF4α/KLF4(full-length) (FL) ratio is increased in tumors compared to corresponding normal tissue. Forced increase of the KLF4α/KLF4(FL) ratio in the metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 decreases the levels of E-Cadherin, p21Cip1, and p27Kip1, three known KLF4(FL) target genes, and stimulates cell proliferation. We suggest that cytoplasmic KLF4α binds to KLF4(FL) and retains it in the cytoplasm thereby antagonizing the gene regulatory activities of KLF4(FL) in the nucleus. Our results establish KLF4α as a KLF4 isoform that opposes the function of KLF4(FL) and as an important factor in the complex and unresolved role of KLF4(FL) in breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ferralli
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Degen
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Jia Y, Zhou J, Luo X, Chen M, Chen Y, Wang J, Xiong H, Ying X, Hu W, Zhao W, Deng W, Wang L. KLF4 overcomes tamoxifen resistance by suppressing MAPK signaling pathway and predicts good prognosis in breast cancer. Cell Signal 2017; 42:165-175. [PMID: 28988130 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen resistance represents a daunting challenge to the successful treatment for breast cancer. Krüppel-like factor 4 has critical roles in the development and progression of breast cancer, but its expression, function and regulation in the efficacy of TAM therapy in breast cancer have yet to be investigated. Here, we examined the clinical significance and biologic effects of KLF4 in breast cancer. Firstly, higher expression of KLF4 correlated with increased TAM sensitivity in breast cancer cells, and analysis of GEO datasets indicated that KLF4 expression was positively correlated with ERα and enhanced expression of KLF4 sensitized breast cancer patients to endocrine therapy. Knockdown of KLF4 in MCF-7 and BCAP37 cells led to increased TAM resistance, while ectopic KLF4 expression promoted the responsiveness to TAM in T47D and TAM-resistant MCF-7/TAM cells. Secondly, ectopic KLF4 overexpression suppressed MCF-7/TAM cell growth, invasion and migration. Moreover, KLF4 expression was down-regulated in breast cancer tumor tissues and high expression of KLF4 was associated with favorable outcomes. Mechanistically, KLF4 may enhance the responsiveness of breast cancer cells to TAM through suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. We found that ERK and p38 were more activated in MCF-7/TAM compared with MCF-7, and treatment with MAPK-specific inhibitors significantly suppressed cell viability. Knockdown of KLF4 activated ERK and p38 and drove MCF-7 cells to become resistant to TAM. Conversely, overexpression of KLF4 in MCF-7/TAM cells suppressed ERK and p38 signaling and resulted in increased sensitivity to TAM. Therefore, our findings suggested that KLF4 contributed to TAM sensitivity in breast cancer via phosphorylation modification of ERK and p38 signaling. Collectively, this study highlighted the significance of KLF4/MAPK signal interaction in regulating TAM resistance of breast cancer, and suggested that targeting KLF4/MAPK signaling may be a potential therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment, especially for the TAM-resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Jia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxia Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Hanchu Xiong
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Xiaogang Ying
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Wenxian Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Wenhe Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China.
| | - Wuguo Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China.
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Yi J, Gao R, Chen Y, Yang Z, Han P, Zhang H, Dou Y, Liu W, Wang W, Du G, Xu Y, Wang J. Overexpression of NSUN2 by DNA hypomethylation is associated with metastatic progression in human breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20751-20765. [PMID: 27447970 PMCID: PMC5400542 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
NSUN2 is a RNA methyltransferase that has been shown to be implicated in development of human cancer. However, the functional role of NSUN2, mechanism of NSUN2 overexpression and its association with clinicopathologic features in breast cancer remain unclear. To investigate alterations in the expression and functional role of NSUN2 in breast cancer, NSUN2 expression was assessed in breast cancer cells and tissues obtained from cancers at different American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages, and its functions were investigated using breast cancer cells. NSUN2 expression was shown to be significantly higher in breast cancer cells and tissues than in normal breast epithelial cells and tissues, at both mRNA and protein levels. Overexpression of NSUN2 was shown to promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while NSUN2 knockdown inhibited these processes in vitro and in vivo. NSUN2 expression level was associated with the methylation level of its promoter. Our results demonstrated that the overall expression of NSUN2 significantly correlated with clinical stage (P=0.027), tumor classification (P=0.012), pathological differentiation (P=0.023), as well as with the expression levels of estrogen receptor (P<0.001), progesterone receptor (P=0.001), and Ki-67 (P<0.001). Our findings provide a unique insight into the roles and effects of NSUN2 overexpression in breast cancer cells, and highlight the necessity of the investigation of novel therapeutic targets, such as NSUN2, for the improvement of breast cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Dou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wengong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Yu R, Han L, Ni X, Wang M, Xue P, Zhang L, Yuan M. Kruppel-like factor 4 inhibits non–small cell lung cancer cell growth and aggressiveness by stimulating transforming growth factor-β1-meidated ERK/JNK/NF-κB signaling pathways. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28631556 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317705574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renzhi Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Minghuan Wang
- Community Health Service Center, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Ping Xue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, China
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Chaudhary S, Krishna BM, Mishra SK. A novel FOXA1/ ESR1 interacting pathway: A study of Oncomine™ breast cancer microarrays. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1247-1264. [PMID: 28789340 PMCID: PMC5529806 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) is essential for the growth and differentiation of breast epithelium, and has a favorable outcome in breast cancer (BC). Elevated FOXA1 expression in BC also facilitates hormone responsiveness in estrogen receptor (ESR)-positive BC. However, the interaction between these two pathways is not fully understood. FOXA1 and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) along with ESR1 expression are responsible for maintaining a luminal phenotype, thus suggesting the existence of a strong association between them. The present study utilized the Oncomine™ microarray database to identify FOXA1:ESR1 and FOXA1:ESR1:GATA3 co-expression co-regulated genes. Oncomine™ analysis revealed 115 and 79 overlapping genes clusters in FOXA1:ESR1 and FOXA1:ESR1:GATA3 microarrays, respectively. Five ESR1 direct target genes [trefoil factor 1 (TFF1/PS2), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), seven in absentia homolog 2 (SIAH2), cellular myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (CMYB) and progesterone receptor (PGR)] were detected in the co-expression clusters. To further investigate the role of FOXA1 in ESR1-positive cells, MCF7 cells were transfected with a FOXA1 expression plasmid, and it was observed that the direct target genes of ESR1 (PS2, BCL2, SIAH2 and PGR) were significantly regulated upon transfection. Analysis of one of these target genes, PS2, revealed the presence of two FOXA1 binding sites in the vicinity of the estrogen response element (ERE), which was confirmed by binding assays. Under estrogen stimulation, FOXA1 protein was recruited to the FOXA1 site and could also bind to the ERE site (although in minimal amounts) in the PS2 promoter. Co-transfection of FOXA1/ESR1 expression plasmids demonstrated a significantly regulation of the target genes identified in the FOXA1/ESR1 multi-arrays compared with only FOXA1 transfection, which was suggestive of a synergistic effect of ESR1 and FOXA1 on the target genes. In summary, the present study identified novel FOXA1, ESR1 and GATA3 co-expressed genes that may be involved in breast tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Chaudhary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | - B Madhu Krishna
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | - Sandip K Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
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38
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KLF4 expression enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs in ovarian cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 484:486-492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ghaleb AM, Yang VW. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4): What we currently know. Gene 2017; 611:27-37. [PMID: 28237823 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is an evolutionarily conserved zinc finger-containing transcription factor that regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Since its discovery in 1996, KLF4 has been gaining a lot of attention, particularly after it was shown in 2006 as one of four factors involved in the induction of pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Here we review the current knowledge about the different functions and roles of KLF4 in various tissue and organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr M Ghaleb
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Vincent W Yang
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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Wang J, Xu Y, Li L, Wang L, Yao R, Sun Q, Du G. FOXC1 is associated with estrogen receptor alpha and affects sensitivity of tamoxifen treatment in breast cancer. Cancer Med 2016; 6:275-287. [PMID: 28028927 PMCID: PMC5269562 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXC1 is a member of Forkhead box transcription factors that participates in embryonic development and tumorigenesis. Our previous study demonstrated that FOXC1 was highly expressed in triple‐negative breast cancer. However, it remains unclear what is the relation between FOXC1 and ERα and if FOXC1 regulates expression of ERα. To explore relation between FOXC1 and ERα and discover regulation of ERα expression by FOXC1 in breast cancer, we analyzed data assembled in the Oncomine and TCGA, and found that there was significantly higher FOXC1 expression in estrogen receptor‐negative breast cancer than that in estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer. Overexpression of FOXC1 reduced expression of ERα and cellular responses to estradiol (E2) and tamoxifen in the MCF‐7 FOXC1 and T47D FOXC1 cells, while knockdown of FOXC1 induced expression of ERα and improved responses to estradiol (E2) and tamoxifen in BT549 FOXC1 shRNA and HCC1806 FOXC1 shRNA cells. In addition, overexpression of FOXC1 reduced expression of progesterone receptor (PR), Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), and XBP1 (X‐Box Binding Protein 1) and significantly reduced luciferase activity caused by E2 using ERE luciferase reporter assay. These results suggested that FOXC1 regulated expression of ERα and affected sensitivity of tamoxifen treatment in breast cancer, and that FOXC1 may be used as a potential therapeutic target in ERα‐negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.,Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute (JWCI) at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, 90404
| | - Yali Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Li Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ru Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
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42
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Ali A, Ielciu I, Alkreathy HM, Khan AA. KLF17 attenuates estrogen receptor α-mediated signaling by impeding ERα function on chromatin and determines response to endocrine therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2016; 1859:883-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Nagata T, Shimada Y, Sekine S, Moriyama M, Hashimoto I, Matsui K, Okumura T, Hori T, Imura J, Tsukada K. KLF4 and NANOG are prognostic biomarkers for triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2016; 24:326-335. [PMID: 27300169 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-016-0708-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosis of breast cancer patients has been reported to depend on the expression of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-inducing factors: KLF4 and NANOG. However, the relationship between KLF4 or NANOG expression in each breast cancer subtype and the life prognosis has not been elucidated. METHOD KLF4 and NANOG expression levels were evaluated in 208 patients using a newly developed tissue microarray (TMA). In vitro, siRNA against klf4 (siKLF4) was transfected in TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231, and the expression of KLF4 was inhibited. RESULTS Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients in KLF4 high-expression (upper) group had more favorable overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates than KLF4 lower group (p = 0.0453 and p = 0.0427). In contrast, patients in the NANOG upper group had significantly poorer prognosis than lower group in TNBC breast cancer subtypes (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that KLF4 (p = 0.0313), NANOG (p = 0.0002), and TNM stage (p = 0.0001) are mutually independent prognostic factors. It was also shown that the proliferation and invasion ability of siKLF4-induced TNBC cells were up-regulated significantly. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that KLF4 and NANOG expression levels were favorable prognostic factors for TNBC patients. KLF4 also had an ability to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Nagata
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate school of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Shimada
- Department of Nanobio Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sekine
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate school of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Makoto Moriyama
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate school of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Isaya Hashimoto
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate school of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Koshi Matsui
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate school of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Okumura
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate school of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takashi Hori
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Research Into Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Johji Imura
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Research Into Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tsukada
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate school of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
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Fan SH, Wang YY, Wu ZY, Zhang ZF, Lu J, Li MQ, Shan Q, Wu DM, Sun CH, Hu B, Zheng YL. AGPAT9 suppresses cell growth, invasion and metastasis by counteracting acidic tumor microenvironment through KLF4/LASS2/V-ATPase signaling pathway in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:18406-17. [PMID: 26110566 PMCID: PMC4621899 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 9 (AGPAT9) is the gene identified from adipose tissue in 2007. We found AGPAT9 expression was significantly higher in poorly invasive MCF7 human breast cancer cells than the highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells. AGPAT9 significantly inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Live-cell imaging and transwell assays showed that AGPAT9 could significantly inhibit the migration and invasive capacities of breast cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of AGPAT9 on metastasis was also observed in vivo in lung metastasis model. AGPAT9 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion through, at least in part, suppressing the V-ATPase activity. In addition, increased AGPAT9 expression in MCF-7/ADR cells could increase the chemosensitivity to doxorubicin (Dox). Our findings suggest that increasing AGPAT9 expression may be a new approach that can be used for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-hua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-yan Wang
- Department of Function Examination, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-yong Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-qiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-mei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-hui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-lin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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45
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Bradshaw A, Wickremsekera A, Tan ST, Peng L, Davis PF, Itinteang T. Cancer Stem Cell Hierarchy in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Front Surg 2016; 3:21. [PMID: 27148537 PMCID: PMC4831983 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2016.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive tumor that typically exhibits treatment failure with high mortality rates, is associated with the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the tumor. CSCs possess the ability for perpetual self-renewal and proliferation, producing downstream progenitor cells that drive tumor growth. Studies of many cancer types have identified CSCs using specific markers, but it is still unclear as to where in the stem cell hierarchy these markers fall. This is compounded further by the presence of multiple GBM and glioblastoma cancer stem cell subtypes, making investigation and establishment of a universal treatment difficult. This review examines the current knowledge on the CSC markers SALL4, OCT-4, SOX2, STAT3, NANOG, c-Myc, KLF4, CD133, CD44, nestin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, specifically focusing on their use and validity in GBM research and how they may be utilized for investigations into GBM's cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Bradshaw
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Agadha Wickremsekera
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand; Department of Neurosurgery, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Swee T Tan
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Lifeng Peng
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Paul F Davis
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Tinte Itinteang
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute , Wellington , New Zealand
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Wei D, Wang L, Yan Y, Jia Z, Gagea M, Li Z, Zuo X, Kong X, Huang S, Xie K. KLF4 Is Essential for Induction of Cellular Identity Change and Acinar-to-Ductal Reprogramming during Early Pancreatic Carcinogenesis. Cancer Cell 2016; 29:324-338. [PMID: 26977883 PMCID: PMC4794756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of tumor initiation has significant impact on early cancer detection and intervention. To define the role of KLF4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) initiation, we used molecular biological analyses and mouse models of klf4 gain- and loss-of-function and mutant Kras. KLF4 is upregulated in and required for acinar-to-ductal metaplasia. Klf4 ablation drastically attenuates the formation of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia induced by mutant Kras(G12D), whereas upregulation of KLF4 does the opposite. Mutant KRAS and cellular injuries induce KLF4 expression, and ectopic expression of KLF4 in acinar cells reduces acinar lineage- and induces ductal lineage-related marker expression. These results demonstrate that KLF4 induces ductal identity in PanIN initiation and may be a potential target for prevention of PDA initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhiliang Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mihai Gagea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiangsheng Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Suyun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keping Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Unit 1644, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Hu C, Liu M, Zhang W, Xu Q, Ma K, Chen L, Wang Z, He S, Zhu H, Xu N. Upregulation of KLF4 by methylseleninic acid in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells: Modification of histone H3 acetylation through HAT/HDAC interplay. Mol Carcinog 2015; 54:1051-9. [PMID: 24789055 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) occurs at a very high frequency in certain areas of China. Supplementation with selenium-containing compounds was associated with a significantly lower cancer mortality rate in a study conducted in Linxia, China. Thus, selenium could be a potential anti-esophageal cancer agent. In this study, methylseleninic acid (MSA) could inhibit cell growth of ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Upon treated with MSA, the activity of histone deacetylases (HDACs) was decreased and general control nonrepressed protein 5 (GCN5) was upregulated in ESCC cells. Meanwhile, a significant increase of H3K9 acetylation (H3K9ac) was detected. Upregulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) was also observed after MSA treatment. Additionally, the acetylated histone H3 located more at KLF4 promoter region after MSA treatment, shown by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Moreover, knockdown of GCN5 decreased the protein level of both H3K9ac and KLF4, along with less cell growth inhibition. Taken all, our results indicated that MSA could inhibit ESCC cell growth, at least in part, by MSA-HDAC/GCN5-H3K9ac-KLF4 axis. To our best knowledge, this is the first report that MSA induced acetylation of histone H3 at Lys9, which might depend on the activities and the balance between HDACs and HATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Hu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Lechuang Chen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Zaozao Wang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Shun He
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China
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Voutsadakis IA. The network of pluripotency, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and prognosis of breast cancer. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2015; 7:303-19. [PMID: 26379447 PMCID: PMC4567227 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s71163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading female cancer in terms of prevalence. Progress in molecular biology has brought forward a better understanding of its pathogenesis that has led to better prognostication and treatment. Subtypes of breast cancer have been identified at the genomic level and guide therapeutic decisions based on their biology and the expected benefit from various interventions. Despite this progress, a significant percentage of patients die from their disease and further improvements are needed. The cancer stem cell theory and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition are two comparatively novel concepts that have been introduced in the area of cancer research and are actively investigated. Both processes have their physiologic roots in normal development and common mediators have begun to surface. This review discusses the associations of these networks as a prognostic framework in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Voutsadakis
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sault Area Hospital, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada ; Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada
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Tien YT, Chang MH, Chu PY, Lin CS, Liu CH, Liao AT. Downregulation of the KLF4 transcription factor inhibits the proliferation and migration of canine mammary tumor cells. Vet J 2015; 205:244-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Progesterone generates cancer stem cells through membrane progesterone receptor-triggered signaling in basal-like human mammary cells. Cancer Lett 2015; 362:167-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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