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Yao H, Zhang M, Wang D. The next decade of SET: from an oncoprotein to beyond. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 16:mjad082. [PMID: 38157418 PMCID: PMC11267991 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This year marks the fourth decade of research into the protein SET, which was discovered in 1992. SET was initially identified as an oncoprotein but later shown to be a multifaceted protein involved in regulating numerous biological processes under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. SET dysfunction is closely associated with diseases, such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease. With the increasing understanding of how SET works and how it is regulated in cells, targeting aberrant SET has emerged as a potential strategy for disease intervention. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the advancements in SET studies, encompassing its biological functions, regulatory networks, clinical implications, and pharmacological inhibitors. Furthermore, we provide insights into the future prospects of SET research, with a particular emphasis on its promising potential in the realm of immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases & Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases & Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Donglai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases & Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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Senapati J, Jabbour E, Kantarjian H, Short NJ. Pathogenesis and management of accelerated and blast phases of chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2023; 37:5-17. [PMID: 36309558 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been a model for cancer therapy development. Though most patients with CML have a normal quality and duration of life with TKI therapy, some patients progress to accelerated phase (AP) and blast phase (BP), both of which have a relatively poor prognosis. The rates of progression have reduced significantly from over >20% in the pre-TKI era to <5% now, largely due to refinements in CML therapy and response monitoring. Significant insights have been gained into the mechanisms of disease transformation including the role of additional cytogenetic abnormalities, somatic mutations, and other genomic alterations present at diagnosis or evolving on therapy. This knowledge is helping to optimize TKI therapy, improve prognostication and inform the development of novel combination regimens in these patients. While patients with de novo CML-AP have outcomes almost similar to CML in chronic phase (CP), those transformed from previously treated CML-CP should receive second- or third- generation TKIs and be strongly considered for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Similarly, patients with transformed CML-BP have particularly dismal outcomes with a median survival usually less than one year. Combination regimens with a potent TKI such as ponatinib followed by allo-SCT can achieve long-term survival in some transformed BP patients. Regimens including venetoclax in myeloid BP or inotuzumab ozogamicin or blinatumomab in lymphoid BP might lead to deeper and longer responses, facilitating potentially curative allo-SCT for patients with CML-BP once CP is achieved. Newer agents and novel combination therapies are further expanding the therapeutic arsenal in advanced phase CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayastu Senapati
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elias Jabbour
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hagop Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas J Short
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Chen JL, Chu PY, Huang CT, Huang TT, Wang WL, Lee YH, Chang YY, Dai MS, Shiau CW, Liu CY. Interfering B cell receptor signaling via SHP-1/p-Lyn axis shows therapeutic potential in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Mol Med 2022; 28:93. [PMID: 35941532 PMCID: PMC9358803 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive and molecularly heterogeneous non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The B cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway in DLBCL emerges as a new drug target. Protein phosphatase SHP-1 negatively regulates several oncogenic tyrosine kinases and plays a tumor suppressive role. Methods The direct SHP-1 agonists were used to evaluate the potential therapeutic implication of SHP-1 in DLBCL. Immunohistochemical staining for SHP-1 was quantified by H-score. The SHP-1 phosphatase activity was determined using tyrosine phosphatase assay. In vitro studies, including MTT, western blot analysis and cell apoptosis, were utilized to examined biological functions of SHP-1. Results Oral administration of SHP-1 agonist showed the potent anti-tumor effects compared to a selective Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib in mice bearing U2932 xenografts. SHP-1 agonist increased SHP-1 activity as well as downregulated p-Lyn in vivo. Here, we demonstrated that immunohistochemical staining for SHP-1 expression was positive in 76% of DLBCL samples. SHP-1 agonist exerted anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects compared with ibrutinib in DLBCL cells. Mechanistically, SHP-1 agonist decreased BCR signaling, especially p-Lyn, and led to apoptosis. Conclusions These data suggest that SHP-1 negatively regulates phosphorylation of Lyn, and targeting SHP-1/p-Lyn using SHP-1 agonist has therapeutic potential for treatment of DLBCL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00518-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Lin Chen
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, No. 542, Sec. 1, Chung-Shan Rd., Changhua City, 500, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhong-zheng Rd., Xin-zhuang Dist., New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.,Department of Health Food, Chung Chou University of Science and Technology, Changhua, 510, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Teng Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yang-Ming Branch of Taipei City Hospital, No.145, Zhengzhou Rd., Datong Dist., Taipei, 10341, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ting Huang
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Lun Wang
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ya Chang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shen Dai
- Hematology/Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Liu
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan. .,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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Wan X, Zhang Y, Tang H, Li M, Jiang T, He J, Bao C, Wang J, Song Y, Xiao P, Liu Y, Lai L, Wang Q. IL‐27 signaling negatively regulates FcɛRI‐mediated mast cell activation and allergic response. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:411-424. [PMID: 35075687 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2ma1221-637r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Wan
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veternary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health Hangzhou China
| | - Huanna Tang
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Mengyao Li
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health Hangzhou China
| | - Tianqi Jiang
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Jia He
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Chunjing Bao
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Junkai Wang
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Yinjing Song
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Lihua Lai
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Pharmacology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Institute of Immunology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
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BCR-ABL1 Tyrosine Kinase Complex Signaling Transduction: Challenges to Overcome Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010215. [PMID: 35057108 PMCID: PMC8780254 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The constitutively active BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase, found in t(9;22)(q34;q11) chromosomal translocation-derived leukemia, initiates an extremely complex signaling transduction cascade that induces a strong state of resistance to chemotherapy. Targeted therapies based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib, and ponatinib, have revolutionized the treatment of BCR-ABL1-driven leukemia, particularly chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, TKIs do not cure CML patients, as some develop TKI resistance and the majority relapse upon withdrawal from treatment. Importantly, although BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase is necessary to initiate and establish the malignant phenotype of Ph-related leukemia, in the later advanced phase of the disease, BCR-ABL1-independent mechanisms are also in place. Here, we present an overview of the signaling pathways initiated by BCR-ABL1 and discuss the major challenges regarding immunologic/pharmacologic combined therapies.
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Current Views on the Interplay between Tyrosine Kinases and Phosphatases in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102311. [PMID: 34065882 PMCID: PMC8151247 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The chromosomal alteration t(9;22) generating the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein represents the principal feature that distinguishes some types of leukemia. An increasing number of articles have focused the attention on the relevance of protein phosphatases and their potential role in the control of BCR-ABL1-dependent or -independent signaling in different areas related to the biology of chronic myeloid leukemia. Herein, we discuss how tyrosine and serine/threonine protein phosphatases may interact with protein kinases, in order to regulate proliferative signal cascades, quiescence and self-renewals on leukemic stem cells, and drug-resistance, indicating how BCR-ABL1 can (directly or indirectly) affect these critical cells behaviors. We provide an updated review of the literature on the function of protein phosphatases and their regulation mechanism in chronic myeloid leukemia. Abstract Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by BCR-ABL1 oncogene expression. This dysregulated protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) is known as the principal driver of the disease and is targeted by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Extensive documentation has elucidated how the transformation of malignant cells is characterized by multiple genetic/epigenetic changes leading to the loss of tumor-suppressor genes function or proto-oncogenes expression. The impairment of adequate levels of substrates phosphorylation, thus affecting the balance PTKs and protein phosphatases (PPs), represents a well-established cellular mechanism to escape from self-limiting signals. In this review, we focus our attention on the characterization of and interactions between PTKs and PPs, emphasizing their biological roles in disease expansion, the regulation of LSCs and TKI resistance. We decided to separate those PPs that have been validated in primary cell models or leukemia mouse models from those whose studies have been performed only in cell lines (and, thus, require validation), as there may be differences in the manner that the associated pathways are modified under these two conditions. This review summarizes the roles of diverse PPs, with hope that better knowledge of the interplay among phosphatases and kinases will eventually result in a better understanding of this disease and contribute to its eradication.
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Abstract
Chromosome instability (CIN) is a major hallmark of cancer cells and believed to drive tumor progression. Several cellular defects including weak centromeric cohesion are proposed to promote CIN, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these defects are poorly understood. In a screening for SET protein levels in various cancer cell lines, we found that most of the cancer cells exhibit higher SET protein levels than nontransformed cells, including RPE-1. Cancer cells with elevated SET often show weak centromeric cohesion, revealed by MG132-induced cohesion fatigue. Partial SET knockdown largely strengthens centromeric cohesion in cancer cells without increasing overall phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. Pharmacologically increased PP2A activity in these cancer cells barely ameliorates centromeric cohesion. These results suggest that compromised PP2A activity, a common phenomenon in cancer cells, may not be responsible for weak centromeric cohesion. Furthermore, centromeric cohesion in cancer cells can be strengthened by ectopic Sgo1 overexpression and weakened by SET WT, not by Sgo1-binding-deficient mutants. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that SET overexpression contributes to impaired centromeric cohesion in cancer cells and illustrate misregulated SET-Sgo1 pathway as an underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Tianhua Niu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.,Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.,Tulane Aging Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
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Inoue C, Sobue S, Kawamoto Y, Nishizawa Y, Ichihara M, Abe A, Hayakawa F, Suzuki M, Nozawa Y, Murate T. Involvement of MCL1, c-myc, and cyclin D2 protein degradation in ponatinib-induced cytotoxicity against T315I(+) Ph+leukemia cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:1074-1080. [PMID: 32184020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
T315I mutation found in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Ph + ALL patients is the most serious one among resistance against BCR/ABL kinase inhibitors including imatinib and is only responsive to ponatinib (PNT). However, the novel strategy is required to reduce life-threatening adverse effects of PNT including ischemic cardiovascular disease. We examined the mechanism of PNT-induced cytotoxicity against a T315I(+) Ph + ALL cell line, TccY/Sr. PNT induced apoptosis (increased sub G1 cells, and cleaved caspase3 and PARP), and suppressed protein expression of MCL1, cyclin D2 and c-myc, which were reversed by a proteasome inhibitor, MG132, suggesting enhanced proteasomal degradation by PNT. Among BCL2 family inhibitors, MCL1 inhibitors (maritoclax and AZD5991) robustly induced cell death, showing the MCL1-dependent survival of TccY/Sr cells. Decreased MCL1 and c-myc expression by PNT was also observed in T315I(+) MEGA2/STIR cells. PNT suppressed PI3K activation followed by AKT inhibition and GSK3 dephosphorylation. PI3K/AKT inhibitors mimicked PNT, suggesting that PI3K/AKT signaling is important for survival of TccY/Sr cells. Moreover, GSK3 inhibitor (SB216763) reduced PNT-induced cytotoxicity and degradation of c-myc and MCL1. AZD5991 exhibited the synergistic action with PNT, anti-cancer drugs and venetoclax (BCL2 inhibitor), suggesting the utility of MCL1 inhibitor alone or in combination as a future clinical option for Ph + leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Inoue
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Sayaka Sobue
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kawamoto
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishizawa
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ichihara
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiro Abe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hayakawa
- Department of Medical Technology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Nagoya, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Motoshi Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | | | - Takahsi Murate
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan.
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Bernardo PS, Lemos LGT, de Moraes GN, Maia RC. Unraveling survivin expression in chronic myeloid leukemia: Molecular interactions and clinical implications. Blood Rev 2020; 43:100671. [PMID: 32107072 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the BCR-ABL oncoprotein, known to drive leukemogenesis by orchestrating multiple signaling pathways ultimately involved in cell survival. Despite successful response rates of CML patients to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), resistance eventually arises due to BCR-ABL-dependent and independent mechanisms. Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein acting in the interface between apoptosis deregulation and cell cycle progression. In CML, high levels of survivin have been associated with late stages of disease and therapy resistance. In this review, we provide an overview of important aspects concerning survivin subcellular localization and expression pattern in CML patients and cell lines. Moreover, we highlight the relevance of molecular networks involving survivin for disease progression and treatment resistance. Finally, we discuss the mechanisms accounting for survivin overexpression, as well as novel therapeutic interventions that have been designed to counteract survivin-associated malignancy in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sabbo Bernardo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lauana Greicy Tonon Lemos
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Nestal de Moraes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Ciuvalschi Maia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway Is Constitutively Activated and Its Inhibition Leads to CLL Cell Death Unaffected by the Protective Bone Marrow Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121939. [PMID: 31817171 PMCID: PMC6966457 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow microenvironment promotes proliferation and drug resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although ibrutinib is active in CLL, it is rarely able to clear leukemic cells protected by bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) within the marrow niche. We investigated the modulation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway in CLL by BMSCs and its targeting with AG490 (JAK2 inhibitor) or Stattic (STAT3 inhibitor). B cells collected from controls and CLL patients, were treated with medium alone, ibrutinib, JAK/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) inhibitors, or both drugs, in the presence of absence of BMSCs. JAK2/STAT3 axis was evaluated by western blotting, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. We demonstrated that STAT3 was phosphorylated in Tyr705 in the majority of CLL patients at basal condition, and increased following co-cultures with BMSCs or IL-6. Treatment with AG490, but not Stattic, caused STAT3 and Lyn dephosphorylation, through re-activation of SHP-1, and triggered CLL apoptosis even when leukemic cells were cultured on BMSC layers. Moreover, while BMSCs hamper ibrutinib activity, the combination of ibrutinib+JAK/STAT inhibitors increase ibrutinib-mediated leukemic cell death, bypassing the pro-survival stimuli derived from BMSCs. We herein provide evidence that JAK2/STAT3 signaling might play a key role in the regulation of CLL-BMSC interactions and its inhibition enhances ibrutinib, counteracting the bone marrow niche.
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Trojani A, Pungolino E, Dal Molin A, Lodola M, Rossi G, D’Adda M, Perego A, Elena C, Turrini M, Borin L, Bucelli C, Malato S, Carraro MC, Spina F, Latargia ML, Artale S, Spedini P, Anghilieri M, Di Camillo B, Baruzzo G, De Canal G, Iurlo A, Morra E, Cairoli R. Nilotinib interferes with cell cycle, ABC transporters and JAK-STAT signaling pathway in CD34+/lin- cells of patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia after 12 months of treatment. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218444. [PMID: 31318870 PMCID: PMC6638825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of the oncoprotein BCR-ABL1 in myeloid progenitor cells that activates multiple signal transduction pathways leading to the leukemic phenotype. The tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) nilotinib inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of BCR-ABL1 in CML patients. Despite the success of nilotinib treatment in patients with chronic-phase (CP) CML, a population of Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) quiescent stem cells escapes the drug activity and can lead to drug resistance. The molecular mechanism by which these quiescent cells remain insensitive is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare the gene expression profiling (GEP) of bone marrow (BM) CD34+/lin- cells from CP-CML patients at diagnosis and after 12 months of nilotinib treatment by microarray, in order to identify gene expression changes and the dysregulation of pathways due to nilotinib action. We selected BM CD34+/lin- cells from 78 CP-CML patients at diagnosis and after 12 months of first-line nilotinib therapy and microarray analysis was performed. GEP bioinformatic analyses identified 2,959 differently expressed probes and functional clustering determined some significantly enriched pathways between diagnosis and 12 months of nilotinib treatment. Among these pathways, we observed the under expression of 26 genes encoding proteins belonging to the cell cycle after 12 months of nilotinib treatment which led to the up-regulation of chromosome replication, cell proliferation, DNA replication, and DNA damage checkpoint at diagnosis. We demonstrated the under expression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCC4, ABCC5, and ABCD3 encoding proteins which pumped drugs out of the cells after 12 months of nilotinib. Moreover, GEP data demonstrated the deregulation of genes involved in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. The down-regulation of JAK2, IL7, STAM, PIK3CA, PTPN11, RAF1, and SOS1 key genes after 12 months of nilotinib could demonstrate the up-regulation of cell cycle, proliferation and differentiation via MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Trojani
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Ester Pungolino
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Milena Lodola
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rossi
- Department of Hematology, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mariella D’Adda
- Department of Hematology, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Elena
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Turrini
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy
| | - Lorenza Borin
- Hematology Division, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina Bucelli
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Malato
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Spina
- Division of Hematology–Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Di Camillo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Baruzzo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gabriella De Canal
- Pathology Department, Cytogenetics, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Iurlo
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrica Morra
- Executive Committee, Rete Ematologia Lombarda, Italy
| | - Roberto Cairoli
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
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SET Overexpression is Associated with Worse Recurrence-Free Survival in Patients with Primary Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Tamoxifen Treatment. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7090245. [PMID: 30154367 PMCID: PMC6162815 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7090245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant tamoxifen reduces the recurrence rate of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Previous in vitro studies have suggested that tamoxifen can affect the cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A)/protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)/phosphorylation Akt (pAkt) signaling in ER-negative breast cancer cells. In addition to CIP2A, SET nuclear proto-oncogene (SET) oncoprotein is another intrinsic inhibitor of PP2A, participating in cancer progression. In the current study, we explored the clinical significance of SET, CIP2A, PP2A, and Akt in patients with ER-positive breast cancer receiving adjuvant tamoxifen. A total of 218 primary breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen with a median follow-up of 106 months were analyzed, of which 17 (7.8%) experienced recurrence or metastasis. In an immunohistochemical (IHC) stain, SET overexpression was independently associated with worse recurrence-free survival (RFS) (hazard ratio = 3.72, 95% confidence interval 1.26–10.94, p = 0.017). In silico analysis revealed mRNA expressions of SET, PPP2CA, and AKT1 significantly correlated with worse RFS. In vitro, SET overexpression reduced tamoxifen-induced antitumor effects and drove luciferase activity in an Estrogen receptor element (ERE)-dependent manner. In conclusion, SET is a prognostic biomarker in patients with primary ER-positive breast cancer receiving adjuvant tamoxifen and may contribute to the failure of the tamoxifen treatment by modulating the ER signaling. Our study warrants further investigation into the potential role of SET in ER-positive breast cancer.
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13
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Baskaran R, Velmurugan BK. Protein phosphatase 2A as therapeutic targets in various disease models. Life Sci 2018; 210:40-46. [PMID: 30170071 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There are a large number of signalling pathways responsible for transmitting information within the cell. Although cellular signalling is thought to be majorly governed by protein kinases 'cascade effects'; their antagonists protein phosphatases also play a crucial dual role in signal transduction. By dephosphorylating the proteins involved in signalling pathways, phosphatases may lead to their activation and sometimes they may terminate a signal generated by kinases activity. Due to counterbalancing the function of phosphorylation, the protein phosphatases are very important to signal transduction processes and thus the control of phosphatase activity is as significant as kinases, in the regulation of a plethora of cellular processes. In general, the protein phosphatases are comprised of a catalytic subunit with one or more regulatory and/or targeting subunits associated with it. The Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a member of serine/threonine phosphatases family, is ubiquitously expressed a remarkably conserved enzyme in the cell. Its catalytic activity has been highly regulated and may have enormous therapeutic potential which is still untapped. It has specificities for a number of substrates which witnessed its involvement in various signalling modules of cell cycle regulation, cell morphology and development. Thus it can be an appropriate target for studying different diseases associated with abnormal signal transduction pathways such as neurodegenerative diseases and malignancies. This review will focus on the structure and regulatory pathways of PP2A. The de-regulation of PP2A in some specific pathology such as Cancer, Heart diseases, Neurodegenerative disorders and Diabetes will also be touched upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rathinasamy Baskaran
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Bharath Kumar Velmurugan
- Toxicology and Biomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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14
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Richard NP, Pippa R, Cleary MM, Puri A, Tibbitts D, Mahmood S, Christensen DJ, Jeng S, McWeeney S, Look AT, Chang BH, Tyner JW, Vitek MP, Odero MD, Sears R, Agarwal A. Combined targeting of SET and tyrosine kinases provides an effective therapeutic approach in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84214-84227. [PMID: 27705940 PMCID: PMC5356656 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) tumor suppressor activity via the SET oncoprotein contributes to the pathogenesis of various cancers. Here we demonstrate that both SET and c-MYC expression are frequently elevated in T-ALL cell lines and primary samples compared to healthy T cells. Treatment of T-ALL cells with the SET antagonist OP449 restored the activity of PP2A and reduced SET interaction with the PP2A catalytic subunit, resulting in a decrease in cell viability and c-MYC expression in a dose-dependent manner. Since a tight balance between phosphatases and kinases is required for the growth of both normal and malignant cells, we sought to identify a kinase inhibitor that would synergize with SET antagonism. We tested various T-ALL cell lines against a small-molecule inhibitor screen of 66 compounds targeting two-thirds of the tyrosine kinome and found that combined treatment of T-ALL cells with dovitinib, an orally active multi-targeted small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and OP449 synergistically reduced the viability of all tested T-ALL cell lines. Mechanistically, combined treatment with OP449 and dovitinib decreased total and phospho c-MYC levels and reduced ERK1/2, AKT, and p70S6 kinase activity in both NOTCH-dependent and independent T-ALL cell lines. Overall, these results suggest that combined targeting of tyrosine kinases and activation of serine/threonine phosphatases may offer novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nameeta P Richard
- Randall Children's Hospital at Legacy Emanuel, Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Program, Portland, OR 97227, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Raffaella Pippa
- Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Megan M Cleary
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Alka Puri
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Deanne Tibbitts
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Shawn Mahmood
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Dale J Christensen
- Research and Development, Oncotide Pharmaceuticals, Research Triangle Park, NC 27710, USA .,Spyryx Biosciences, Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - Sophia Jeng
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Shannon McWeeney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - A Thomas Look
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bill H Chang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Michael P Vitek
- Research and Development, Oncotide Pharmaceuticals, Research Triangle Park, NC 27710, USA
| | - María D Odero
- Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rosalie Sears
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR USA-97239.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA-97239
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA-97239.,Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR USA-97239.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA-97239
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15
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Enjoji S, Yabe R, Tsuji S, Yoshimura K, Kawasaki H, Sakurai M, Sakai Y, Takenouchi H, Yoshino S, Hazama S, Nagano H, Oshima H, Oshima M, Vitek MP, Matsuura T, Hippo Y, Usui T, Ohama T, Sato K. Stemness Is Enhanced in Gastric Cancer by a SET/PP2A/E2F1 Axis. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:554-563. [PMID: 29330298 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapies against gastric cancer often fail, with cancer recurrence due potentially to the persistence of cancer stem cells. This unique subpopulation of cells in tumors possesses the ability to self-renew and dedifferentiate. These cancer stem cells are critical for initiation, maintenance, metastasis, and relapse of cancers; however, the molecular mechanisms supporting cancer stemness remain largely unknown. Increased kinase and decreased phosphatase activity are hallmarks of oncogenic signaling. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) functions as a tumor-suppressor enzyme, and elevated levels of SET/I2PP2A, an endogenous PP2A protein inhibitor, are correlated with poor prognosis of several human cancers. Here, it was determined that SET expression was elevated in tumor tissue in a gastric cancer mouse model system, and SET expression was positively correlated with poor survival of human gastric cancer patients. Mechanistically, SET knockdown decreased E2F1 levels and suppressed the stemness of cancer cell lines. Immunoprecipitations show SET associated with the PP2A-B56 complex, and the B56 subunit interacted with the E2F1 transcription factor. Treatment of gastric cancer cells with the SET-targeting drug OP449 increased PP2A activity, decreased E2F1 protein levels, and suppressed stemness of cancer cells. These data indicate that a SET/PP2A/E2F1 axis regulates cancer cell stemness and is a potential target for gastric cancer therapy.Implications: This study highlights the oncogenic role of SET/I2PP2A in gastric cancer and suggests that SET maintains cancer cell stemness by suppressing PP2A activity and stabilizing E2F1. Mol Cancer Res; 16(3); 554-63. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Enjoji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Yabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shunya Tsuji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Kawasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masashi Sakurai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroko Takenouchi
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | | | - Shoichi Hazama
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroko Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Michael P Vitek
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Oncotide Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Tetsuya Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuya Usui
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.
| | - Koichi Sato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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16
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Leonard JT, Rowley JSJ, Eide CA, Traer E, Hayes-Lattin B, Loriaux M, Spurgeon SE, Druker BJ, Tyner JW, Chang BH. Targeting BCL-2 and ABL/LYN in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:354ra114. [PMID: 27582059 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf5309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph(+)ALL) remains a challenge. Although the addition of targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to standard cytotoxic therapy has greatly improved upfront treatment, treatment-related morbidity and mortality remain high. TKI monotherapy provides only temporary responses and renders patients susceptible to the development of TKI resistance. Thus, identifying agents that could enhance the activity of TKIs is urgently needed. Recently, a selective inhibitor of B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), ABT-199 (venetoclax), has shown impressive activity against hematologic malignancies. We demonstrate that the combination of TKIs with venetoclax is highly synergistic in vitro, decreasing cell viability and inducing apoptosis in Ph(+)ALL. Furthermore, the multikinase inhibitors dasatinib and ponatinib appear to have the added advantage of inducing Lck/Yes novel tyrosine kinase (LYN)-mediated proapoptotic BCL-2-like protein 11 (BIM) expression and inhibiting up-regulation of antiapoptotic myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1), thereby potentially overcoming the development of venetoclax resistance. Evaluation of the dasatinib-venetoclax combination for the treatment of primary Ph(+)ALL patient samples in xenografted immunodeficient mice confirmed the tolerability of this drug combination and demonstrated its superior antileukemic efficacy compared to either agent alone. These data suggest that the combination of dasatinib and venetoclax has the potential to improve the treatment of Ph(+)ALL and should be further evaluated for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica T Leonard
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Joelle S J Rowley
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christopher A Eide
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Elie Traer
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Brandon Hayes-Lattin
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Marc Loriaux
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Stephen E Spurgeon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Brian J Druker
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Bill H Chang
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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17
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Role of ZNF224 in c-Myc repression and imatinib responsiveness in chronic myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3417-3431. [PMID: 29423056 PMCID: PMC5790473 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor ZNF224 plays a key proapoptotic role in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), by modulating Wilms Tumor protein 1 (WT1) dependent apoptotic genes transcription. Recently, we demonstrated that Bcr-Abl signaling represses ZNF224 expression in Bcr-Abl positive CML cell lines and in CML patients. Interestingly, Imatinib and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors specifically increase ZNF224 expression. On the other hand, Bcr-Abl positively modulates, via JAK2 activation, the expression of the c-Myc oncogene, which is required for Bcr-Abl oncogenic transformation in CML. Consequently, JAK2 inhibitors represent promising molecular therapeutic tools in CML. In this work, we demonstrate that ZNF224 is a novel transcriptional repressor of c-Myc in CML. We also show that ZNF224 induction by Imatinib and AG490, a specific JAK2 inhibitor, is responsible for the transcriptional repression of c-MYC, thus highlighting the crucial role of the ZNF224/c-Myc axis in Imatinib responsiveness. Interestingly, we also report that ZNF224 is induced by AG490 in Imatinib-resistant CML cells, leading to c-Myc repression and apoptosis induction. These findings suggest that the development of molecular tools able to induce ZNF224 expression could provide promising means to bypass Imatinib resistance in CML.
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18
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Xu X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Yang L, Huang S, Lu L, Wang S, Guo Q, Zhao L. BM microenvironmental protection of CML cells from imatinib through Stat5/NF-κB signaling and reversal by Wogonin. Oncotarget 2017; 7:24436-54. [PMID: 27027438 PMCID: PMC5029713 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive Stat5 activation enhanced cell survival and resistance to imatinib (IM) in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells. However, the mechanism of Stat5 activation in mediating resistance to IM in bone marrow (BM) microenvironment has not been evaluated precisely. In this study, we reported HS-5-derived conditioned medium (CM) significantly enhanced IM resistance in K562 and KU812. Interestingly, upregulation of the proportion of CD34+ subpopulation was found in CML cells. Subsequently, the BCR/ABL-independent activation of Stat5 increased P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity in CM-mediated protection of CML stem cells (LSCs) from IM. Further research revealed Stat5 activation increased the DNA binding activity of NF-κB though binding of p-Stat5 and p-RelA in nucleus. Moreover, highly acetylated RelA was required for Stat5-mediated RelA nuclear binding. The study further confirmed that Wogonin potentiated the inhibitory effects of IM on leukemia development by suppressing Stat5 pathway both in CM model and the K562 xenograft model. In summary, results clearly demonstrated BCR/ABL-independent Stat5 survival pathway could contribute to resistance of CML LSCs to IM in BM microenvironment and suggested that natural durgs effectively inhibiting Stat5 may be an attractive approach to overcome resistance to BCR/ABL kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yicheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoliang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhao Wang
- Middle School of The City, Mei County, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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19
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Perrotti D, Silvestri G, Stramucci L, Yu J, Trotta R. Cellular and Molecular Networks in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: The Leukemic Stem, Progenitor and Stromal Cell Interplay. Curr Drug Targets 2017; 18:377-388. [PMID: 27307150 DOI: 10.2174/1389450117666160615074120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of imatinib, second and third generation ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) (i.e. dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib and ponatinib) made CML a clinically manageable and, in a small percentage of cases, a cured disease. TKI therapy also turned CML blastic transformation into a rare event; however, disease progression still occurs in those patients who are refractory, not compliant with TKI therapy or develop resistance to multiple TKIs. In the past few years, it became clear that the BCRABL1 oncogene does not operate alone to drive disease emergence, maintenance and progression. Indeed, it seems that bone marrow (BM) microenvironment-generated signals and cell autonomous BCRABL1 kinase-independent genetic and epigenetic alterations all contribute to: i. persistence of a quiescent leukemic stem cell (LSC) reservoir, ii. innate or acquired resistance to TKIs, and iii. progression into the fatal blast crisis stage. Herein, we review the intricate leukemic network in which aberrant, but finely tuned, survival, mitogenic and self-renewal signals are generated by leukemic progenitors, stromal cells, immune cells and metabolic microenvironmental conditions (e.g. hypoxia) to promote LSC maintenance and blastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Perrotti
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
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20
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Chakraborty SN, Leng X, Perazzona B, Sun X, Lin YH, Arlinghaus RB. Combination of JAK2 and HSP90 inhibitors: an effective therapeutic option in drug-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia. Genes Cancer 2016; 7:201-208. [PMID: 27551334 PMCID: PMC4979592 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that JAK2 serves as a novel therapeutic target in Bcr-Abl+ chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We have reported the existence of an HSP90- associated high molecular weight network complex (HMWNC) that is composed of HSP90 client proteins BCR-ABL, JAK2, and STAT3 in wild type Bcr-Abl+ leukemic cells. Here we showed that the HSP90-HMWNC is present in leukemia cells from CML patients in blast stage, and in Imatinib (IM)-resistant 32Dp210 (T315I) leukemia cells. We found that the HSP90-HMWNC could be disassembled by depleting JAK2 with either Jak2-specific shRNA or treatment with JAK2 inhibitors (TG101209 or Ruxolitinib) and HSP90 inhibitor (AUY922). Combinational treatment with JAK2 and HSP90 inhibitors diminished the activation of BCR-ABL, JAK2 and its downstream targets. As a result, the IM-resistant 32Dp210 T315I cells underwent apoptosis. When administered in mice bearing 32Dp210 T315I leukemia, combinational therapy using Ruxolitinib and AUY922 prolonged the survival significantly. Thus, a combination of JAK2 and HSP90 inhibitors could be a powerful strategy for the treatment of CML, especially in IM-resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip N Chakraborty
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaohong Leng
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bastianella Perazzona
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoping Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yu-Hsi Lin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ralph B Arlinghaus
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Li B, Zhang G, Li C, Li R, Lu J, He Z, Wang Q, Peng Z, Wang J, Dong Y, Zhang C, Tan JQ, Bahri N, Wang Y, Duan C. Lyn mediates FIP1L1-PDGFRA signal pathway facilitating IL-5RA intracellular signal through FIP1L1-PDGFRA/JAK2/Lyn/Akt network complex in CEL. Oncotarget 2016; 8:64984-64998. [PMID: 29029406 PMCID: PMC5630306 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fip1-like1 (FIP1L1)–platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) (F/P) oncogene can cause chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL), but requires IL-5 cytokine participation. In this study, we investigate the mechanism of F/P in collaboration with IL-5 in CEL. The results showed that Lyn, a key effector in the IL-5-motivated eosinophil production, is extensively activated in F/P-positive CEL cells. Lyn can associate and phosphorylate IL-5 receptor α (IL-5RA) in F/P-positive cells. Moreover, the activation of Lyn and IL-5R kinase were strengthened when the cells were stimulated by IL-5. Lyn inhibition in F/P-positive CEL cells attenuated cellular proliferation, induced apoptosis, and blocked cell migration and major basic protein (MBP) release. We identified the FIP1L1-PDGFRA/JAK2/Lyn/Akt complex in the F/P-expressing cells which can be disrupted by dual inhibition of JAK2 and Lyn, repressing cell proliferation in both EOL-1(F/P-positive human eosinophilic cell line) and imatinib-resistance (IR) cells. Altogether, our data demonstrate that Lyn is a vital downstream kinase activated by F/P converged with IL-5 signals in CEL cells. Lyn activate and expand IL-5RA intracellular signaling through FIP1L1-PDGFRA/JAK2/Lyn/Akt network complex, provoking eosinophils proliferation and exaggerated activation manifested as CEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Division of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Division of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangsen Zhang
- Division of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Li
- Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- Division of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchen Lu
- Division of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengxi He
- Division of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Wang
- Division of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzi Peng
- Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeping Dong
- Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Qiong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Nacef Bahri
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuexiang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojun Duan
- Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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22
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miR-101 sensitizes K562 cell line to imatinib through Jak2 downregulation and inhibition of NF-κB target genes. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14117-14128. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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23
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MYC-dependent recruitment of RUNX1 and GATA2 on the SET oncogene promoter enhances PP2A inactivation in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 8:53989-54003. [PMID: 28903318 PMCID: PMC5589557 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The SET (I2PP2A) oncoprotein is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) that regulates many cell processes and important signaling pathways. Despite the importance of SET overexpression and its prognostic impact in both hematologic and solid tumors, little is known about the mechanisms involved in its transcriptional regulation. In this report, we define the minimal promoter region of the SET gene, and identify a novel multi-protein transcription complex, composed of MYC, SP1, RUNX1 and GATA2, which activates SET expression in AML. The role of MYC is crucial, since it increases the expression of the other three transcription factors of the complex, and supports their recruitment to the promoter of SET. These data shed light on a new regulatory mechanism in cancer, in addition to the already known PP2A-MYC and SET-PP2A. Besides, we show that there is a significant positive correlation between the expression of SET and MYC, RUNX1, and GATA2 in AML patients, which further endorses our results. Altogether, this study opens new directions for understanding the mechanisms that lead to SET overexpression, and demonstrates that MYC, SP1, RUNX1 and GATA2 are key transcriptional regulators of SET expression in AML.
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24
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Ali AM, Gómez-Biagi RF, Rosa DA, Lai PS, Heaton WL, Park JS, Eiring AM, Vellore NA, de Araujo ED, Ball DP, Shouksmith AE, Patel AB, Deininger MW, O'Hare T, Gunning PT. Disarming an Electrophilic Warhead: Retaining Potency in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI)-Resistant CML Lines While Circumventing Pharmacokinetic Liabilities. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:850-61. [PMID: 27028877 PMCID: PMC4963206 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacologic blockade of the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell lines characterized by kinase-independent resistance was shown to re-sensitize CML cells to TKI therapy, suggesting that STAT3 inhibitors in combination with TKIs are an effective combinatorial therapeutic for the treatment of CML. Benzoic acid- and hydroxamic acid-based STAT3 inhibitors SH-4-054 and SH-5-007, developed previously in our laboratory, demonstrated promising activity against these resistant CML cell lines. However, pharmacokinetic studies in murine models (CD-1 mice) revealed that both SH-4-054 and SH-5-007 are susceptible to glutathione conjugation at the para position of the pentafluorophenyl group via nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SN Ar). To determine whether the electrophilicity of the pentafluorophenyl sulfonamide could be tempered, an in-depth structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of the SH-4-054 scaffold was conducted. These studies revealed that AM-1-124, possessing a 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenylsulfonamide group, retained STAT3 protein affinity (Ki =15 μm), as well as selectivity over STAT1 (Ki >250 μm). Moreover, in both hepatocytes and in in vivo pharmacokinetic studies (CD-1 mice), AM-1-124 was found to be dramatically more stable than SH-4-054 (t1/2 =1.42 h cf. 10 min, respectively). AM-1-124 is a promising STAT3-targeting inhibitor with demonstrated bioavailability, suitable for evaluation in preclinical cancer models.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Biological Availability
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Mice
- Molecular Structure
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Sulfonamides/chemical synthesis
- Sulfonamides/chemistry
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- para-Aminobenzoates/chemical synthesis
- para-Aminobenzoates/chemistry
- para-Aminobenzoates/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Rodolfo F Gómez-Biagi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - David A Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - William L Heaton
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Ji Sung Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Anna M Eiring
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Nadeem A Vellore
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Elvin D de Araujo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Dan P Ball
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Andrew E Shouksmith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Ami B Patel
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Michael W Deininger
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Thomas O'Hare
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada.
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25
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Chabamide induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by the Akt/MAPK pathway and inhibition of P-glycoprotein in K562/ADR cells. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 26:498-507. [PMID: 25714087 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the major mechanisms of multidrug resistance in cancer therapy is the overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Chabamide, a dimeric alkaloid isolated from Piper chaba Hunter, shows antimalarial, antituberculosis, and cytotoxic activities. However, its mechanism of action has not been elucidated. In this study, the molecular mechanism underlying the cytotoxicity and downregulation of P-gp expression by chabamide in adriamycin-resistant human leukemia cells (K562/ADR) was clarified. Results show that chabamide inhibited the growth of K562/ADR cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, and significantly inhibited cell proliferation by cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, which was associated with an obvious increase in p21 and decrease in cyclin D1 and CDK2/4/6 protein expression. Moreover, chabamide could regulate the changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential, increase the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bax and cytochrome c, and decrease the protein expression levels of Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP-1, and p-Akt. In addition, we found that JNK, ERK1/2, and p38 were regulated by chabamide in K562/ADR cells. Further studies indicated that the decrease in the reactive oxygen species level inhibited intrinsic P-gp expression. Therefore, chabamide-induced apoptosis in K562/ADR cells was associated with Akt/MAPK and the inhibition of P-gp. These results provide a biochemical basis for possible clinical applications of chabamide in the treatment of leukemia.
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26
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Inhibition of Ras-mediated signaling pathways in CML stem cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2015; 38:407-18. [PMID: 26458816 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the presence of the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein in cells with a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) origin. BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase activity leads to constitutive activation of Ras, which in turn acts as a branch point to initiate multiple downstream signaling pathways governing proliferation, self-renewal, differentiation and apoptosis. As aberrant regulation of these cellular processes causes transformation and disease progression particularly in advanced stages of CML, investigation of these signaling pathways may uncover new therapeutic targets for the selective eradication of CML stem cells. Transcription factors play a crucial role in unbalancing the Ras signaling network and have recently been investigated as potential modulators in this regard. In this review, we first briefly summarize the Ras-associated molecular pathways that are involved in the regulation of CML stem cell properties. Next we discuss the relevance of Ras-associated transcription factors as nuclear targets in combination treatment strategies for CML. CONCLUSIONS A closer investigation of the influence of Ras-mediated signaling pathways on CML progression to blast crisis is warranted to uncover new directions for targeted therapies, particularly in cases that are resistant to current tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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27
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Skora L, Kempf D, Mestan J, D'Orazio D, Jahnke W. Phosphorylation of Tyr245 in the open-inhibited state of Abelson kinase does not induce downstream signaling. Eur J Haematol 2015; 96:502-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Skora
- Center for Proteomic Chemistry; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Basel Switzerland
| | - Dominique Kempf
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammatory Disease; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Basel Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Mestan
- Center for Proteomic Chemistry; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Basel Switzerland
| | - Daniel D'Orazio
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammatory Disease; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Basel Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Jahnke
- Center for Proteomic Chemistry; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Basel Switzerland
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28
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Lin H, Chen M, Rothe K, Lorenzi MV, Woolfson A, Jiang X. Selective JAK2/ABL dual inhibition therapy effectively eliminates TKI-insensitive CML stem/progenitor cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:8637-50. [PMID: 25226617 PMCID: PMC4226710 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Imatinib Mesylate (IM) and other tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies have had a major impact on the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, TKI monotherapy is not curative, with relapse and persistence of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) remaining a challenge. We have recently identified an AHI-1-BCR-ABL-JAK2 protein complex that contributes to the transforming activity of BCR-ABL and IM-resistance in CML stem/progenitor cells. JAK2 thus emerges as an attractive target for improved therapies, but off-target effects of newly developed JAK2 inhibitors on normal hematopoietic cells remain a concern. We have examined the biological effects of a highly selective, orally bioavailable JAK2 inhibitor, BMS-911543, in combination with TKIs on CD34+ treatment-naïve IM-nonresponder cells. Combination therapy reduces JAK2/STAT5 and CRKL activities, induces apoptosis, inhibits proliferation and colony growth, and eliminates CML LSCs in vitro. Importantly, BMS-911543 selectively targets CML stem/progenitor cells while sparing healthy stem/progenitor cells. Oral BMS-911543 combined with the potent TKI dasatinib more effectively eliminates infiltrated leukemic cells in hematopoietic tissues than TKI monotherapy and enhances survival of leukemic mice. Dual targeting BCR-ABL and JAK2 activities in CML stem/progenitor cells may consequently lead to more effective disease eradication, especially in patients at high risk of TKI resistance and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyang Lin
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Min Chen
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Katharina Rothe
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia; Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew V Lorenzi
- Discovery Medicine Oncology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Adrian Woolfson
- Discovery Medicine Oncology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia; Vancouver, BC, Canada
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29
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Kim HB, Lee SH, Um JH, Kim MJ, Hyun SK, Gong EJ, Oh WK, Kang CD, Kim SH. Sensitization of chemo-resistant human chronic myeloid leukemia stem-like cells to Hsp90 inhibitor by SIRT1 inhibition. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:923-34. [PMID: 26157347 PMCID: PMC4495410 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.10896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of effective therapeutic strategies to eliminate cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), which play a major role in drug resistance and disease recurrence, is critical to improve cancer treatment outcomes. The current investigation was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of the combination treatment of Hsp90 inhibitor and SIRT1 inhibitor in inhibiting the growth of chemo-resistant stem-like cells isolated from human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. Inhibition of SIRT1 by use of SIRT1 siRNA or SIRT1 inhibitors (amurensin G and EX527) effectively potentiated sensitivity of Hsp90 inhibitors (17-AAG and AUY922) in CD44(high) K562 stem-like cells expressing high levels of CSC-related molecules including Oct4, CD34, β-catenin, c-Myc, mutant p53 (mut p53), BCRP and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) as well as CD44. SIRT1 depletion caused significant down-regulation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)/heat shock proteins (Hsps) as well as these CSC-related molecules, which led to the sensitization of CD44(high) K562 cells to Hsp90 inhibitor by SIRT1 inhibitor. Moreover, 17-AAG-mediated activation of HSF1/Hsps and P-gp-mediated efflux, major causes of Hsp90 inhibitor resistance, was suppressed by SIRT1 inhibitor in K562-CD44(high) cells. Our data suggest that combined treatment with Hsp90 inhibitor and SIRT1 inhibitor could be an effective therapeutic approach to target CSCs that are resistant to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Bong Kim
- 1. Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Korea
| | - Su-Hoon Lee
- 1. Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Um
- 2. Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Korea
| | - Mi-Ju Kim
- 1. Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Korea
| | - Suh-Kyung Hyun
- 1. Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Gong
- 1. Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Korea
| | - Won Keun Oh
- 3. College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-818, Korea
| | - Chi-Dug Kang
- 1. Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Kim
- 1. Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Korea
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30
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Lyn sustains oncogenic signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by strengthening SET-mediated inhibition of PP2A. Blood 2015; 125:3747-55. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-12-619155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Cytosolic HSP90-bound Lyn mediates resistance to apoptosis by strengthening PP2A/SET interaction in CLL cells. FTY720-analogues antagonizing the PP2A/SET interaction and Lyn inhibitors may provide a therapeutic approach of CLL.
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31
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32
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Tao W, Chakraborty SN, Leng X, Ma H, Arlinghaus RB. HSP90 inhibitor AUY922 induces cell death by disruption of the Bcr-Abl, Jak2 and HSP90 signaling network complex in leukemia cells. Genes Cancer 2015; 6:19-29. [PMID: 25821558 PMCID: PMC4362481 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bcr-Abl protein is an important client protein of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). We evaluated the inhibitory effects of the HSP90 ATPase inhibitor AUY922 on 32D mouse hematopoietic cells expressing wild-type Bcr-Abl (b3a2, 32Dp210) and mutant Bcr-Abl imatinib (IM)-resistant cell lines. Western blotting results of fractions from gel filtration column chromatography of 32Dp210 cells showed that HSP90 together with Bcr-Abl, Jak2 Stat3 and several other proteins co-eluted in peak column fractions of a high molecular weight network complex (HMWNC). Co-IP results showed that HSP90 directly bound to Bcr-Abl, Jak2, Stat 3 and Akt. The associations between HSP90 and Bcr-Abl or Bcr-Abl kinase domain mutants (T315I and E255K) were interrupted by AUY922 treatment. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Bcr-Abl showed a dose-dependent decrease in 32Dp210T315I following AUY922 treatment for 16h. AUY922 also markedly inhibited cell proliferation of both IM-sensitive 32Dp210 (IC50 =6 nM) and IM-resistant 32Dp210T315I cells (IC50 ≈6 nM) and human KBM-5R/KBM-7R cell lines (IC50 =50 nM). AUY922 caused significant G1 arrest in 32Dp210 cells but not in T315I or E255K cells. AUY922 efficiently induced apoptosis in 32Dp210 (IC50 =10 nM) and T315I or E255K lines with IC50 around 20 to 50 nM. Our results showed that Bcr-Abl and Jak2 form HMWNC with HSP90 in CML cells. Inhibition of HSP90 by AUY922 disrupted the structure of HMWNC, leading to Bcr-Abl degradation, nhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Thus, inhibition of HSP90 is a powerful way to inhibit not only IM-sensitive CML cells but also IM-resistant CML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Tao
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sandip N Chakraborty
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaohong Leng
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helen Ma
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ralph B Arlinghaus
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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33
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Chereda B, Melo JV. Natural course and biology of CML. Ann Hematol 2015; 94 Suppl 2:S107-21. [PMID: 25814077 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-015-2325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder arising in the haemopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment. This disease is characterised by a reciprocal t(9;22) chromosomal translocation, resulting in the formation of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome containing the BCR-ABL1 gene. As such, diagnosis and monitoring of disease involves detection of BCR-ABL1. It is the BCR-ABL1 protein, in particular its constitutively active tyrosine kinase activity, that forges the pathogenesis of CML. This aberrant kinase signalling activates downstream targets that reprogram the cell to cause uncontrolled proliferation and results in myeloid hyperplasia and 'indolent' symptoms of chronic phase (CP) CML. Without successful intervention, the disease will progress into blast crisis (BC), resembling an acute leukaemia. This advanced disease stage takes on an aggressive phenotype and is almost always fatal. The cell biology of CML is also centred on BCR-ABL1. The presence of BCR-ABL1 can explain virtually all the cellular features of the leukaemia (enhanced cell growth, inhibition of apoptosis, altered cell adhesion, growth factor independence, impaired genomic surveillance and differentiation). This article provides an overview of the clinical and cell biology of CML, and highlights key findings and unanswered questions essential for understanding this disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/physiopathology
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Proteins/chemistry
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Prognosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Chereda
- Departments of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, and Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Frome Road, Adelaide, 5000, Australia,
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34
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Ciccone M, Calin GA, Perrotti D. From the Biology of PP2A to the PADs for Therapy of Hematologic Malignancies. Front Oncol 2015; 5:21. [PMID: 25763353 PMCID: PMC4329809 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, an emerging role of phosphatases in the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors has been established. The tumor-suppressor protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) belongs to the serine-threonine phosphatases family and accounts for the majority of serine-threonine phosphatase activity in eukaryotic cells. Numerous studies have shown that inhibition of PP2A expression and/or function may contribute to leukemogenesis in several hematological malignancies. Likewise, overexpression or aberrant expression of physiologic PP2A inhibitory molecules (e.g., SET and its associated SETBP1 and CIP2A) may turn off PP2A function and participate to leukemic progression. The discovery of PP2A as tumor suppressor has prompted the evaluation of the safety and the efficacy of new compounds, which can restore PP2A activity in leukemic cells. Although further studies are needed to better understand how PP2A acts in the intricate phosphatases/kinases cancer network, the results reviewed herein strongly support the development on new PP2A-activating drugs and the immediate introduction of those available into clinical protocols for leukemia patients refractory or resistant to current available therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ciccone
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas , Houston, TX , USA
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Danilo Perrotti
- Department of Medicine, The Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
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35
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Ku M, Wall M, MacKinnon RN, Walkley CR, Purton LE, Tam C, Izon D, Campbell L, Cheng HC, Nandurkar H. Src family kinases and their role in hematological malignancies. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:577-86. [PMID: 24898666 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.907897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The Src family protein tyrosine kinases (SFKs) are non-receptor intracellular kinases that have important roles in both hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. The derangement of their expression or activation has been demonstrated to contribute to hematological malignancies. This review first examines the mechanisms of SFK overexpression and hyperactivation, emphasizing the dysregulation of the upstream modulators. Subsequently, the role of SFK up-regulation in the initiation, progression and therapy resistance of many hematological malignancies is also analyzed. The presented evidence endeavors to highlight the influence of SFK up-regulation on an extensive number of hematological malignancies and the need to consider them as candidates in targeted anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Ku
- Haematology Department and Victorian Cancer Cytogenetics Service, St Vincent's Hospital , Fitzroy , Australia
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Haesen D, Sents W, Lemaire K, Hoorne Y, Janssens V. The Basic Biology of PP2A in Hematologic Cells and Malignancies. Front Oncol 2014; 4:347. [PMID: 25566494 PMCID: PMC4263090 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible protein phosphorylation plays a crucial role in regulating cell signaling. In normal cells, phosphoregulation is tightly controlled by a network of protein kinases counterbalanced by several protein phosphatases. Deregulation of this delicate balance is widely recognized as a central mechanism by which cells escape external and internal self-limiting signals, eventually resulting in malignant transformation. A large fraction of hematologic malignancies is characterized by constitutive or unrestrained activation of oncogenic kinases. This is in part achieved by activating mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, or constitutive activation of upstream kinase regulators, in part by inactivation of their anti-oncogenic phosphatase counterparts. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) represents a large family of cellular serine/threonine phosphatases with suspected tumor suppressive functions. In this review, we highlight our current knowledge about the complex structure and biology of these phosphatases in hematologic cells, thereby providing the rationale behind their diverse signaling functions. Eventually, this basic knowledge is a key to truly understand the tumor suppressive role of PP2A in leukemogenesis and to allow further rational development of therapeutic strategies targeting PP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Haesen
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Ward Sents
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Katleen Lemaire
- Gene Expression Unit, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Yana Hoorne
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
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Jeanson L, Guerrera IC, Papon JF, Chhuon C, Zadigue P, Prulière-Escabasse V, Amselem S, Escudier E, Coste A, Edelman A. Proteomic analysis of nasal epithelial cells from cystic fibrosis patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108671. [PMID: 25268127 PMCID: PMC4182543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease remains incompletely understood. New explanations for the pathogenesis of CF lung disease may be discovered by studying the patterns of protein expression in cultured human nasal epithelial cells (HNEC). To that aim, we compared the level of protein expressions in primary cultures of HNEC from nasal polyps secondary to CF (CFNP, n = 4), primary nasal polyps (NP, n = 8) and control mucosa (CTRL, n = 4) using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling coupled with liquid chromatography (LC)-MS-MS. The analysis of the data revealed 42 deregulated protein expressions in CFNP compared to NP and CTRL, suggesting that these alterations are related to CF. Overall, AmiGo analysis highlighted six major pathways important for cell functions that seem to be impaired: metabolism, G protein process, inflammation and oxidative stress response, protein folding, proteolysis and structural proteins. Among them, glucose and fatty acid metabolic pathways could be impaired in CF with nine deregulated proteins. Our proteomic study provides a reproducible set of differentially expressed proteins in airway epithelial cells from CF patients and reveals many novel deregulated proteins that could lead to further studies aiming to clarify the involvement of such proteins in CF pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Jeanson
- Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Unité Mixte de Recherche_Scientifique 933, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6, and Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
- Unité_1151, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ida Chiara Guerrera
- Unité_1151, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Plateau Proteome Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche de Necker, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Papon
- Unité Mixte de Recherche_Scientifique 855, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris 12, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
- Service d’Otorhinolaryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital inter-communal et Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Créteil, France
| | - Cerina Chhuon
- Unité_1151, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Plateau Proteome Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche de Necker, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Zadigue
- Unité Mixte de Recherche_Scientifique 855, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris 12, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Virginie Prulière-Escabasse
- Service d’Otorhinolaryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital inter-communal et Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Créteil, France
| | - Serge Amselem
- Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Unité Mixte de Recherche_Scientifique 933, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6, and Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Estelle Escudier
- Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Unité Mixte de Recherche_Scientifique 933, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6, and Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - André Coste
- Unité Mixte de Recherche_Scientifique 855, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris 12, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
- Service d’Otorhinolaryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital inter-communal et Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Créteil, France
| | - Aleksander Edelman
- Unité_1151, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Plateau Proteome Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche de Necker, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Allegra A, Alonci A, Penna G, Innao V, Gerace D, Rotondo F, Musolino C. The cancer stem cell hypothesis: a guide to potential molecular targets. Cancer Invest 2014; 32:470-95. [PMID: 25254602 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2014.958231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Common cancer theories hold that tumor is an uncontrolled somatic cell proliferation caused by the progressive addition of random mutations in critical genes that control cell growth. Nevertheless, various contradictions related to the mutation theory have been reported previously. These events may be elucidated by the persistence of residual tumor cells, called Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) responsible for tumorigenesis, tumor maintenance, tumor spread, and tumor relapse. Herein, we summarize the current understanding of CSCs, with a focus on the possibility to identify specific markers of CSCs, and discuss the clinical application of targeting CSCs for cancer treatment.
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Eiring AM, Page BDG, Kraft IL, Mason CC, Vellore NA, Resetca D, Zabriskie MS, Zhang TY, Khorashad JS, Engar AJ, Reynolds KR, Anderson DJ, Senina A, Pomicter AD, Arpin CC, Ahmad S, Heaton WL, Tantravahi SK, Todic A, Moriggl R, Wilson DJ, Baron R, O'Hare T, Gunning PT, Deininger MW. Combined STAT3 and BCR-ABL1 inhibition induces synthetic lethality in therapy-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2014; 29:586-597. [PMID: 25134459 PMCID: PMC4334758 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the BCR-ABL1 kinase domain are an established mechanism of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia, but fail to explain many cases of clinical TKI failure. In contrast, it is largely unknown why some patients fail TKI therapy despite continued suppression of BCR-ABL1 kinase activity, a situation termed BCRABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance. Here, we identified activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) by extrinsic or intrinsic mechanisms as an essential feature of BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance. By combining synthetic chemistry, in vitro reporter assays, and molecular dynamics-guided rational inhibitor design and high-throughput screening, we discovered BP-5-087, a potent and selective STAT3 SH2 domain inhibitor that reduces STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear transactivation. Computational simulations, fluorescence polarization assays, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange assays establish direct engagement of STAT3 by BP-5-087 and provide a high-resolution view of the STAT3 SH2 domain/BP-5-087 interface. In primary cells from CML patients with BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance, BP-5-087 (1.0 μM) restored TKI sensitivity to therapy-resistant CML progenitor cells, including leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Our findings implicate STAT3 as a critical signaling node in BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance, and suggest that BP-5-087 has clinical utility for treating malignancies characterized by STAT3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Eiring
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Brent D G Page
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ira L Kraft
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Clinton C Mason
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nadeem A Vellore
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Diana Resetca
- York University Chemistry Department, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew S Zabriskie
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tian Y Zhang
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jamshid S Khorashad
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Alexander J Engar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kimberly R Reynolds
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - David J Anderson
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Anna Senina
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Anthony D Pomicter
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Carolynn C Arpin
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shazia Ahmad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - William L Heaton
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Aleksandra Todic
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Derek J Wilson
- York University Chemistry Department, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Riccardo Baron
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Thomas O'Hare
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael W Deininger
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Tao W, Leng X, Chakraborty SN, Ma H, Arlinghaus RB. c-Abl activates janus kinase 2 in normal hematopoietic cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:21463-72. [PMID: 24923444 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.554501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Jak2 is involved in cytokine growth factor-stimulated signal transduction, but the mechanism of its activation is largely unknown. Here, we investigated Jak2 activation in a normal hematopoietic cell line, 32D mouse myeloid cells. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation studies showed that c-Abl formed a stable complex with Jak2 in live cells. Co-immunoprecipitation results showed that c-Abl bound to the βc chain of IL-3/IL-5/GM-CSF receptors. The kinase activities of both c-Abl and Jak2 were stimulated by IL-3 in 32D cells. Decreasing c-Abl protein expression in 32D cells by inducible shRNA decreased Jak2 activity and resulted in the failure of Jak2 activation in response to IL-3. Treatment of IL-3 and serum-starved 32D cells with 1 μM imatinib mysylate inhibited IL-3 stimulated kinase activities of both c-Abl and Jak2. In addition, the kinase-deficient Bcr-Abl mutant (p210K1172R) was defective for activation of Jak2 in 32D cells and impaired IL-3 independent growth, which was rescued by overexpression of c-Abl (+Abl). IL-3 efficiently inhibited apoptosis of 32Dp210K/R+Abl cells induced by imatinib mysylate but not Jak2 kinase inhibitor TG101209. In summary, our findings provide evidence that the kinase function of c-Abl and its C-terminal CT4 region is crucial for its interaction with Jak2 and its activation. c-Abl kinase activity induced by IL-3 is required for IL-3-stimulated Jak2 and Jak1 activation. Our findings reveal a novel regulatory role of c-Abl in Jak2 activation induced by IL-3 cytokine growth factor in 32D hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Tao
- From the Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Xiaohong Leng
- From the Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sandip N Chakraborty
- From the Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Helen Ma
- From the Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ralph B Arlinghaus
- From the Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
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Li Y, Yang L, Pan Y, Yang J, Shang Y, Luo J. Methylation and decreased expression of SHP-1 are related to disease progression in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2438-46. [PMID: 24647617 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the unprecedented success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), some patients nevertheless progress to advanced stages of the disease. Thus far, the biological basis leading to CML progression remains poorly understood. SH2-containing tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) is reported to bind to p210BCR‑ABL1 and to function as a tumor suppressor. Furthermore, its substrates have been found to be essential for p210BCR-ABL1 leukemogenesis or CML progression. In the present study, we found that SHP-1 mRNA and protein levels were markedly decreased in patients in the accelerated and blastic phases of CML (AP-CML and BP-CML) compared to those in the chronic phase (CP-CML). In vitro, we demonstrated that overexpression of SHP-1 reduced p210BCR-ABL1 protein expression and activity in the K562 CML cell line and negatively regulated the AKT, MAPK, MYC and JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathways. Moreover, using a methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) assay, abnormal methylation of the SHP-1 gene promoter region was found both in K562 cells and bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood (PB) cells from AP-CML and BP-CML patients. In conclusion, our findings suggest that decreased expression levels of SHP-1 caused by aberrant promoter hypermethylation may play a key role in the progression of CML by dysregulating BCR-ABL1, AKT, MAPK, MYC and JAK2/STAT5 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yuxia Pan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jingci Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yintao Shang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Luo
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Hematology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Mughal TI, Girnius S, Rosen ST, Kumar S, Wiestner A, Abdel-Wahab O, Kiladjian JJ, Wilson WH, Van Etten RA. Emerging therapeutic paradigms to target the dysregulated Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in hematological malignancies. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55:1968-79. [PMID: 24206094 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.863307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been increasing biochemical evidence that the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is aberrantly activated in malignant cells from patients with a wide spectrum of cancers of the blood and immune systems. The emerging availability of small molecule inhibitors of JAK and other signaling molecules in the JAK/STAT pathway has allowed preclinical studies validating an important role of this pathway in the pathogenesis of many hematologic malignancies, and provided motivation for new strategies for treatment of these diseases. Here, a round-table panel of experts review the current preclinical and clinical landscape of the JAK/STAT pathway in acute lymphoid and myeloid leukemias, lymphomas and myeloma, and chronic myeloid neoplasms.
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Sooman L, Ekman S, Tsakonas G, Jaiswal A, Navani S, Edqvist PH, Pontén F, Bergström S, Johansson M, Wu X, Blomquist E, Bergqvist M, Gullbo J, Lennartsson J. PTPN6 expression is epigenetically regulated and influences survival and response to chemotherapy in high-grade gliomas. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:4479-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Sinclair A, Latif AL, Holyoake TL. Targeting survival pathways in chronic myeloid leukaemia stem cells. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:1693-707. [PMID: 23517124 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the presence of a fusion oncogene BCR-ABL, which encodes a protein with constitutive TK activity. The implementation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) marked a major advance in CML therapy; however, there are problems with current treatment. For example, relapse occurs when these drugs are discontinued in the majority of patients who have achieved a complete molecular response on TKI and these agents are less effective in patients with mutations in the BCR-ABL kinase domain. Importantly, TKI can effectively target proliferating mature cells, but do not eradicate quiescent leukaemic stem cells (LSCs), therefore allowing disease persistence despite treatment. It is essential that alternative strategies are used to target the LSC population. BCR-ABL activation is responsible for the modulation of different signalling pathways, which allows the LSC fraction to evade cell death. Several pathways have been shown to be modulated by BCR-ABL, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK-STAT and autophagy signalling pathways. Targeting components of these survival pathways, alone or in combination with TKI, therefore represents an attractive potential therapeutic approach for targeting the LSC. However, many pathways are also active in normal stem cells. Therefore, potential targets must be validated to effectively eradicate CML stem cells while sparing normal counterparts. This review summarizes the main pathways modulated in CML stem cells, the recent developments and the use of novel drugs to target components in these pathways which may be used to target the LSC population. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Emerging Therapeutic Aspects in Oncology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2013.169.issue-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sinclair
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Nagao T, Kurosu T, Umezawa Y, Nogami A, Oshikawa G, Tohda S, Yamamoto M, Miura O. Proliferation and survival signaling from both Jak2-V617F and Lyn involving GSK3 and mTOR/p70S6K/4EBP1 in PVTL-1 cell line newly established from acute myeloid leukemia transformed from polycythemia vera. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84746. [PMID: 24404189 PMCID: PMC3880321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The gain of function mutation JAK2-V617F is very frequently found in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and is strongly implicated in pathogenesis of these and other hematological malignancies. Here we report establishment of a new leukemia cell line, PVTL-1, homozygous for JAK2-V617F from a 73-year-old female patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) transformed from MPN. PVTL-1 is positive for CD7, CD13, CD33, CD34, CD117, HLA-DR, and MPO, and has complex karyotypic abnormalities, 44,XX,-5q,-7,-8,add(11)(p11.2),add(11)(q23),−16,+21,−22,+mar1. Sequence analysis of JAK2 revealed only the mutated allele coding for Jak2-V617F. Proliferation of PVTL-1 was inhibited and apoptosis was induced by the pan-Jak inhibitor Jak inhibitor-1 (JakI-1) or dasatinib, which inhibits the Src family kinases as well as BCR/ABL. Consistently, the Src family kinase Lyn was constitutively activated with phosphorylation of Y396 in the activation loop, which was inhibited by dasatinib but not by JakI-1. Further analyses with JakI-1 and dasatinib indicated that Jak2-V617F phosphorylated STAT5 and SHP2 while Lyn phosphorylated SHP1, SHP2, Gab-2, c-Cbl, and CrkL to induce the SHP2/Gab2 and c-Cbl/CrkL complex formation. In addition, JakI-1 and dasatinib inactivated the mTOR/p70S6K/4EBP1 pathway and reduced the inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3 in PVTL-1 cells, which correlated with their effects on proliferation and survival of these cells. Furthermore, inhibition of GSK3 by its inhibitor SB216763 mitigated apoptosis induced by dasatinib but not by JakI-1. Together, these data suggest that apoptosis may be suppressed in PVTL-1 cells through inactivation of GSK3 by Lyn as well as Jak2-V617F and additionally through activation of STAT5 by Jak2-V617F. It is also speculated that activation of the mTOR/p70S6K/4EBP1 pathway may mediate proliferation signaling from Jak2-V617F and Lyn. PVTL-1 cells may provide a valuable model system to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in evolution of Jak2-V617F-expressing MPN to AML and to develop novel therapies against this intractable condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikage Nagao
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kurosu
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Umezawa
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Nogami
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gaku Oshikawa
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Tohda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahide Yamamoto
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Miura
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Walker CJ, Oaks JJ, Santhanam R, Neviani P, Harb JG, Ferenchak G, Ellis JJ, Landesman Y, Eisfeld AK, Gabrail NY, Smith CL, Caligiuri MA, Hokland P, Roy DC, Reid A, Milojkovic D, Goldman JM, Apperley J, Garzon R, Marcucci G, Shacham S, Kauffman MG, Perrotti D. Preclinical and clinical efficacy of XPO1/CRM1 inhibition by the karyopherin inhibitor KPT-330 in Ph+ leukemias. Blood 2013; 122:3034-44. [PMID: 23970380 PMCID: PMC3811176 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-04-495374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) fail to induce long-term response in blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML-BC) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph(+)) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), novel therapies targeting leukemia-dysregulated pathways are necessary. Exportin-1 (XPO1), also known as chromosome maintenance protein 1, regulates cell growth and differentiation by controlling the nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of proteins and RNAs, some of which are aberrantly modulated in BCR-ABL1(+) leukemias. Using CD34(+) progenitors from CML, B-ALL, and healthy individuals, we found that XPO1 expression was markedly increased, mostly in a TKI-sensitive manner, in CML-BC and Ph(+) B-ALL. Notably, XPO1 was also elevated in Ph(-) B-ALL. Moreover, the clinically relevant XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 strongly triggered apoptosis and impaired the clonogenic potential of leukemic, but not normal, CD34(+) progenitors, and increased survival of BCR-ABL1(+) mice, 50% of which remained alive and, mostly, became BCR-ABL1 negative. Moreover, KPT-330 compassionate use in a patient with TKI-resistant CML undergoing disease progression significantly reduced white blood cell count, blast cells, splenomegaly, lactate dehydrogenase levels, and bone pain. Mechanistically, KPT-330 altered the subcellular localization of leukemia-regulated factors including RNA-binding heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 and the oncogene SET, thereby inducing reactivation of protein phosphatase 2A tumor suppressor and inhibition of BCR-ABL1 in CML-BC cells. Because XPO1 is important for leukemic cell survival, KPT-330 may represent an alternative therapy for TKI-refractory Ph(+) leukemias.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Antigens, CD34/genetics
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/antagonists & inhibitors
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Histone Chaperones/antagonists & inhibitors
- Histone Chaperones/genetics
- Histone Chaperones/metabolism
- Humans
- Hydrazines/pharmacology
- Karyopherins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Karyopherins/genetics
- Karyopherins/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Transport
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Ribonucleoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ribonucleoproteins/genetics
- Ribonucleoproteins/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Triazoles/pharmacology
- Exportin 1 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Walker
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department Molecular Virology Immunology and Medical Genetics
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47
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Chakraborty S, Lin YH, Leng X, Miranda RN, Medeiros LJ, Shpall E, Arlinghaus RB. Activation of Jak2 in patients with blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia: inhibition of Jak2 inactivates Lyn kinase. Blood Cancer J 2013; 3:e142. [PMID: 24013663 PMCID: PMC3789205 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2013.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Chakraborty
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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48
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Neviani P, Harb JG, Oaks JJ, Santhanam R, Walker CJ, Ellis JJ, Ferenchak G, Dorrance AM, Paisie CA, Eiring AM, Ma Y, Mao HC, Zhang B, Wunderlich M, May PC, Sun C, Saddoughi SA, Bielawski J, Blum W, Klisovic RB, Solt JA, Byrd JC, Volinia S, Cortes J, Huettner CS, Koschmieder S, Holyoake TL, Devine S, Caligiuri MA, Croce CM, Garzon R, Ogretmen B, Arlinghaus RB, Chen CS, Bittman R, Hokland P, Roy DC, Milojkovic D, Apperley J, Goldman JM, Reid A, Mulloy JC, Bhatia R, Marcucci G, Perrotti D. PP2A-activating drugs selectively eradicate TKI-resistant chronic myeloid leukemic stem cells. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:4144-57. [PMID: 23999433 DOI: 10.1172/jci68951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) depends on the requirement for BCR-ABL1 kinase activity in CML progenitors. However, CML quiescent HSCs are TKI resistant and represent a BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent disease reservoir. Here we have shown that persistence of leukemic HSCs in BM requires inhibition of the tumor suppressor protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and expression--but not activity--of the BCR-ABL1 oncogene. Examination of HSCs from CML patients and healthy individuals revealed that PP2A activity was suppressed in CML compared with normal HSCs. TKI-resistant CML quiescent HSCs showed increased levels of BCR-ABL1, but very low kinase activity. BCR-ABL1 expression, but not kinase function, was required for recruitment of JAK2, activation of a JAK2/β-catenin survival/self-renewal pathway, and inhibition of PP2A. PP2A-activating drugs (PADs) markedly reduced survival and self-renewal of CML quiescent HSCs, but not normal quiescent HSCs, through BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent and PP2A-mediated inhibition of JAK2 and β-catenin. This led to suppression of human leukemic, but not normal, HSC/progenitor survival in BM xenografts and interference with long-term maintenance of BCR-ABL1-positive HSCs in serial transplantation assays. Targeting the JAK2/PP2A/β-catenin network in quiescent HSCs with PADs (e.g., FTY720) has the potential to treat TKI-refractory CML and relieve lifelong patient dependence on TKIs.
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49
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Warsch W, Grundschober E, Berger A, Gille L, Cerny-Reiterer S, Tigan AS, Hoelbl-Kovacic A, Valent P, Moriggl R, Sexl V. STAT5 triggers BCR-ABL1 mutation by mediating ROS production in chronic myeloid leukaemia. Oncotarget 2013; 3:1669-87. [PMID: 23458731 PMCID: PMC3681503 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients harbour high levels of STAT5 when they progress to advanced phases of disease. Advanced disease is characterized by an increased incidence of BCR-ABL1 mutations. We now describe a highly significant correlation between STAT5 expression and the incidence of BCR-ABL1 mutations in primary CML. Forced expression of STAT5 in murine BCR-ABL1 transformed cells sufficed to enhance the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to trigger DNA damage. STAT5-mediated ROS production is independent of JAK2 but requires concomitant BCR-ABL1 signalling as forced STAT5 expression in untransformed BCR-ABL1 negative cells has no impact on ROS levels. Only within the context of a BCR-ABL1 positive cell does STAT5 transcriptionally regulate a target gene or set of genes that causes the enhanced ROS production. Our study suggests the existence of a feed-forward loop accelerating disease progression, in which BCR-ABL1 enhances its own mutation rate in a STAT5-ROS dependent manner. This model explains the increased occurrence of inhibitor-resistant BCR-ABL1 mutations in advanced disease stages driven and characterized by high STAT5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Warsch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary University Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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50
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JAK of all trades: JAK2-STAT5 as novel therapeutic targets in BCR-ABL1+ chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood 2013; 122:2167-75. [PMID: 23926299 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-02-485573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) has an important and unique role in Breakpoint Cluster Region - Abelson 1 (BCR-ABL1)-driven neoplasias. STAT5 is an essential component in the signaling network that maintains the survival and growth of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. In contrast, the function of the prototypical upstream kinase of STAT5, the Janus kinase JAK2, in CML is still under debate. Although there is widespread agreement that JAK2 is part of the signaling network downstream of BCR-ABL1, it is unclear whether and under what circumstances JAK2 inhibitors may be beneficial for CML patients. Recent studies in murine models have cast doubt on the importance of JAK2 in CML maintenance. Nevertheless, JAK2 has been proposed to have a central role in the cytokine signaling machinery that allows the survival of CML stem cells in the presence of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In this review, we summarize the current debate and provide an overview of the arguments on both sides of the fence. We present recent evidence showing that CML stem cells do not depend on BCR-ABL1 kinase activity but require the continuous support of the hematopoietic niche and its distinct cytokine environment and suggest that it has the potential to resolve the dispute.
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