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Babadag S, Altundag-Erdogan Ö, Akkaya-Ulum YZ, Çelebi-Saltik B. Evaluation of Tumorigenic Properties of MDA-MB-231 Cancer Stem Cells Cocultured with Telocytes and Telocyte-Derived Mitochondria Following miR-146a Inhibition. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:341-352. [PMID: 38634821 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2024.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Telocytes have some cytoplasmic extensions called telopodes, which are thought to play a role in mitochondrial transfer in intercellular communication. Besides, it is hypothesized that telocytes establish cell membrane-mediated connections with breast cancer cells in coculture and may contribute to the survival of neoplastic cell clusters together with other stromal cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the contribution of telocytes and telocyte-derived mitochondria, which have also been identified in breast tumors, to the tumor development of breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) via miR-146a-5p. The isolation/characterization of telocytes from bone marrow mononuclear cells and the isolation of mitochondria from these cells were performed, respectively. In the next step, CSCs were isolated from the MDA-MB-231 cell line and were characterized. Then, miR-146a-5p expressions of CSCs were inhibited by anti-miR-146a-5p. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was determined by evaluating changes in vimentin protein levels and was evaluated by analyzing BRCA1, P53, SOX2, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin gene expression changes. Our results showed that miR-146a promoted stemness and oncogenic properties in CSCs. EMT (N-cadherin, vimentin, E-cadherin) and tumorigenic markers (BRCA1, P53, SOX2) of CSCs decreased after miR-146a inhibition. Bone marrow-derived telocytes and mitochondria derived from telocytes favored the reduction of CSC aggressiveness following this inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Babadag
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özlem Altundag-Erdogan
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Z Akkaya-Ulum
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betül Çelebi-Saltik
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Abd ELhafeez AS, Ghanem HM, Swellam M, Taha AM. Involvement of FAM170B-AS1, hsa-miR-1202, and hsa-miR-146a-5p in breast cancer. Cancer Biomark 2024; 39:313-333. [PMID: 38250762 PMCID: PMC11091646 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FAM170B-AS1 is usually expressed low in all organs except for testicular tissues. No study was performed to explore its role in breast cancer (BC). Contradictory results were reported about hsa-miR-1202 and hsa-miR-146a-5p in BC. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to explore the involvement of FAM170B-AS1 in BC using bioinformatics predictive tools, followed by a practical validation besides exploring the impact of hsa-miR-1202 and hsa-miR-146a-5p in BC. METHODS This study enrolled 96 female patients with BC, 30 patients with benign breast diseases (BBD), and 25 control subjects. The expressions of circulating FAM170B-AS1, hsa-miR-1202, and hsa-miR-146a-5p were quantified using qRT-PCR. These ncRNAs' associations, predictive, and diagnostic roles in BC were statistically tested. The underlying miRNA/mRNA targets of FAM170B-AS1 in BC were bioinformatically predicted followed by confirmation based on the GEPIA and TCGA databases. RESULTS The expression of FAM170B-AS1 was upregulated in sera of BC patients and hsa-miR-1202 was upregulated in sera of BBD and BC patients while that of hsa-miR-146a-5p was downregulated in BC. These FAM170B-AS1 was significantly associated with BC when compared to BBD. FAM170B-AS1 and hsa-miR-1202 were statistically associated with the BC's stage, grade, and LN metastasis. FAM170B-AS1 and hsa-miR-146a-5p gave the highest specificity and sensitivity for BC. KRAS and EGFR were predicted to be targeted by FAM170B-AS1 through interaction with hsa-miR-143-3p and hsa-miR-7-5p, respectively. Based on the TCGA database, cancer patients having mutations in FAM170B show good overall survival. CONCLUSIONS The present study reported that for the first time, FAM170B-AS1 may be a potential risk factor, predictive, and diagnostic marker for BC. In addition, FAM170B-AS1 might be involved in BC by interacting with hsa-miR-143-3p/KRAS and hsa-miR-7-5p/EGFR through enhancement or repression that may present a new therapeutic option for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hala Mostafa Ghanem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Menha Swellam
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
- High Throughput Molecular and Genetic laboratory, Central Laboratories Network and the Centers of Excellence, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Wei L, Huang K, Han H, Liu RY. Human Papillomavirus Infection in Penile Cancer: Multidimensional Mechanisms and Vaccine Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16808. [PMID: 38069131 PMCID: PMC10706305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Penile cancer (PC) is a rare male malignant tumor, with early lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. Human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a key role in the carcinogenesis of PC. This review aims to summarize the association between HPV infection and PC in terms of virus-host genome integration patterns (the disrupted regions in the HPV and PC genome), genetic alterations, and epigenetic regulation (methylation and microRNA modification) occurring in HPV and PC DNA, as well as tumor immune microenvironment reprogramming. In addition, the potential of HPV vaccination strategies for PC prevention and treatment is discussed. Understanding of the HPV-related multidimensional mechanisms and the application of HPV vaccines will promote rational and novel management of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; (L.W.); (K.H.)
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Kangbo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; (L.W.); (K.H.)
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; (L.W.); (K.H.)
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ran-yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; (L.W.); (K.H.)
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Petrović N, Essack M, Šami A, Perry G, Gojobori T, Isenović ER, Bajić VP. MicroRNA networks linked with BRCA1/2, PTEN, and common genes for Alzheimer's disease and breast cancer share highly enriched pathways that may unravel targets for the AD/BC comorbidity treatment. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 106:107925. [PMID: 37487248 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of various cellular processes including pathological conditions. MiRNA networks have been extensively researched in age-related degenerative diseases, such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and heart failure. Thus, miRNA has been studied from different approaches, in vivo, in vitro, and in silico including miRNA networks. Networks linking diverse biomedical entities unveil information not readily observable by other means. This work focuses on biological networks related to Breast cancer susceptibility 1 (BRCA1) in AD and breast cancer (BC). Using various bioinformatics approaches, we identified subnetworks common to AD and BC that suggest they are linked. According to our results, miR-107 was identified as a potentially good candidate for both AD and BC treatment (targeting BRCA1/2 and PTEN in both diseases), accompanied by miR-146a and miR-17. The analysis also confirmed the involvement of the miR-17-92 cluster, and miR-124-3p, and highlighted the importance of poorly researched miRNAs such as mir-6785 mir-6127, mir-6870, or miR-8485. After filtering the in silico analysis results, we found 49 miRNA molecules that modulate the expression of at least five genes common to both BC and AD. Those 49 miRNAs regulate the expression of 122 genes in AD and 93 genes in BC, from which 26 genes are common genes for AD and BC involved in neuron differentiation and genesis, cell differentiation and migration, regulation of cell cycle, and cancer development. Additionally, the highly enriched pathway was associated with diabetic complications, pointing out possible interplay among molecules underlying BC, AD, and diabetes pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Petrović
- Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Health and Environment, "VINČA "Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia; Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Computational Bioscience Research Center, Computer (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Šami
- Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitatsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - George Perry
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Takashi Gojobori
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Computational Bioscience Research Center, Computer (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Esma R Isenović
- Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Health and Environment, "VINČA "Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladan P Bajić
- Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Health and Environment, "VINČA "Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Santarosa M, Baldazzi D, Armellin M, Maestro R. In Silico Identification of a BRCA1:miR-29:DNMT3 Axis Involved in the Control of Hormone Receptors in BRCA1-Associated Breast Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9916. [PMID: 37373065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline inactivating mutations in the BRCA1 gene lead to an increased lifetime risk of ovarian and breast cancer (BC). Most BRCA1-associated BC are triple-negative tumors (TNBC), aggressive forms of BC characterized by a lack of expression of estrogen and progesterone hormone receptors (HR) and HER2. How BRCA1 inactivation may favor the development of such a specific BC phenotype remains to be elucidated. To address this question, we focused on the role of miRNAs and their networks in mediating BRCA1 functions. miRNA, mRNA, and methylation data were retrieved from the BRCA cohort of the TCGA project. The cohort was divided into a discovery set (Hi-TCGA) and a validation set (GA-TCGA) based on the platform used for miRNA analyses. The METABRIC, GSE81002, and GSE59248 studies were used as additional validation data sets. BCs were differentiated into BRCA1-like and non-BRCA1-like based on an established signature of BRCA1 pathway inactivation. Differential expression of miRNAs, gene enrichment analysis, functional annotation, and methylation correlation analyses were performed. The miRNAs downregulated in BRCA1-associated BC were identified by comparing the miRNome of BRCA1-like with non-BRCA1-like tumors from the Hi-TCGA discovery cohort. miRNAs:gene-target anticorrelation analyses were then performed. The target genes of miRNAs downregulated in the Hi-TCGA series were enriched in the BRCA1-like tumors from the GA-TCGA and METABRIC validation data sets. Functional annotation of these genes revealed an over-representation of several biological processes ascribable to BRCA1 activity. The enrichment of genes related to DNA methylation was particularly intriguing, as this is an aspect of BRCA1 functions that has been poorly explored. We then focused on the miR-29:DNA methyltransferase network and showed that the miR-29 family, which was downregulated in BRCA1-like tumors, was associated with poor prognosis in these BCs and inversely correlated with the expression of the DNA methyltransferases DNMT3A and DNMT3B. This, in turn, correlated with the methylation extent of the promoter of HR genes. These results suggest that BRCA1 may control the expression of HR via a miR-29:DNMT3:HR axis and that disruption of this network may contribute to the receptor negative phenotype of tumors with dysfunctional BRCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Santarosa
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Davide Baldazzi
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Michela Armellin
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Roberta Maestro
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
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Panoutsopoulou K, Liu Y, Avgeris M, Dreyer T, Dorn J, Magdolen V, Scorilas A. Repression of miR-146a in predicting poor treatment outcome in triple-negative breast cancer. Clin Biochem 2023; 114:43-51. [PMID: 36502883 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the era of precision medicine, the highly aggressive and heterogenous triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still characterized by limited options to support personalized prognosis and guide therapeutic interventions. Thereafter, the aim of the present study has been the thorough evaluation of miR-146a as a novel molecular indicator of TNBC prognosis and treatment outcome, utilizing four independent TNBC cohorts. DESIGN & METHODS miR-146a levels were clinically evaluated in our screening (n = 122) and three external validation TNBC cohorts (de Rinaldis et al. 2013, n = 114; Jézéquel et al. 2015, n = 107; TCGA, n = 180). Analysis of miR-146a and validated gene targets was performed in Jézéquel et al. and TCGA validation cohorts. Patients' survival, recurrence and metastasis were determined as clinical endpoints for the survival analysis. Internal validation was performed by bootstrap analysis and clinical net benefit was evaluated by decision curve analysis. RESULTS Reduction of miR-146a is strongly associated with patients' poor survival and can predict post-treatment disease early-recurrence, independently of tumor size, lymph node status, histological grade and patients' age. The analysis of the external validation cohorts corroborated the unfavorable nature of miR-146a repression regarding patients' survival and, strikingly, unveiled the ability of miR-146a to predict TNBC metastasis. Combined assessment of miR-146a levels and lymph node status resulted in superior risk-stratification of TNBC patients and higher clinical benefit regarding disease prognosis and post-treatment outcome. Ultimately, miR-146a was negatively associated with EGFR and SOX2 expression in TNBC. CONCLUSIONS miR-146a evaluation could ameliorate personalized prognosis and support precision medicine decisions in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Panoutsopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry-Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Tobias Dreyer
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Dorn
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktor Magdolen
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Yu L, Liang X, Wang J, Ding G, Tang J, Xue J, He X, Ge J, Jin X, Yang Z, Li X, Yao H, Yin H, Liu W, Yin S, Sun B, Sheng J. Identification of Key Biomarkers and Candidate Molecules in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Genet Res (Camb) 2023; 2023:6782732. [PMID: 36688087 PMCID: PMC9831708 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6782732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor of the lung cancer, for which the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we identified novel biomarkers associated with the pathogenesis of NSCLC aiming to provide new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for NSCLC by bioinformatics analysis. Methods From the Gene Expression Omnibus database, GSE118370 and GSE10072 microarray datasets were obtained. Identifying the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between lung adenocarcinoma and normal samples was done. By using bioinformatics tools, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, modules were analyzed, and enrichment analyses were performed. The expression and prognostic values of 14 hub genes were validated by the GEPIA database, and the correlation between hub genes and survival in lung adenocarcinoma was assessed by UALCAN, cBioPortal, String and Cytoscape, and Timer tools. Results We found three genes (PIK3R1, SPP1, and PECAM1) that have a clear correlation with OS in the lung adenocarcinoma patient. It has been found that lung adenocarcinoma exhibits high expression of SPP1 and that this has been associated with poor prognosis, while low expression of PECAM1 and PIK3R1 is associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.05). We also found that the expression of SPP1 was associated with miR-146a-5p, while the high expression of miR-146a-5p was related to good prognosis (P < 0.05). On the contrary, the lower miR-21-5p on upstream of PIK3R1 is associated with a higher surviving rate in cancer patients (P < 0.05). Finally, we found that the immune checkpoint genes CD274(PD-L1) and PDCD1LG2(PD-1) were also related to SPP1 in lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusions The results indicated that SPP1 is a cancer promoter (oncogene), while PECAM1 and PIK3R1 are cancer suppressor genes. These genes take part in the regulation of biological activities in lung adenocarcinoma, which provides a basis for improving detection and immunotherapeutic targets for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Yu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xuemei Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Guangxiang Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Juan Xue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jingxuan Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xianzhang Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhiyi Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xianwei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hehuan Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hongtao Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shengchen Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bing Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Junxiu Sheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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Paul S, Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Ambriz-Gonzalez H, Medina-Gomez D, Valenzuela-Coronado E, Moreno-Gomez P, Pathak S, Chakraborty S, Srivastava A. Impact of smoking-induced dysregulated human miRNAs in chronic disease development and their potential use in prognostic and therapeutic purposes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23134. [PMID: 35695328 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionary conserved small noncoding RNA molecules with a significant ability to regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level either through translation repression or messenger RNA degradation. miRNAs are differentially expressed in various pathophysiological conditions, affecting the course of the disease by modulating several critical target genes. As the persistence of irreversible molecular changes caused by cigarette smoking is central to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, several studies have shown its direct correlation with the dysregulation of different miRNAs, affecting numerous essential biological processes. This review provides an insight into the current status of smoking-induced miRNAs dysregulation in chronic diseases such as COPD, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and different cancers and explores the diagnostic/prognostic potential of miRNA-based biomarkers and their efficacy as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Luis M Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Hector Ambriz-Gonzalez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Daniel Medina-Gomez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Estefania Valenzuela-Coronado
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Paloma Moreno-Gomez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aashish Srivastava
- Section of Bioinformatics, Clinical Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Chaudhuri A, Kumar DN, Dehari D, Singh S, Kumar P, Bolla PK, Kumar D, Agrawal AK. Emergence of Nanotechnology as a Powerful Cavalry against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:542. [PMID: 35631368 PMCID: PMC9143332 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered one of the un-manageable types of breast cancer, involving devoid of estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER 2) receptors. Due to their ability of recurrence and metastasis, the management of TNBC remains a mainstay challenge, despite the advancements in cancer therapies. Conventional chemotherapy remains the only treatment regimen against TNBC and suffers several limitations such as low bioavailability, systemic toxicity, less targetability, and multi-drug resistance. Although various targeted therapies have been introduced to manage the hardship of TNBC, they still experience certain limitations associated with the survival benefits. The current research thus aimed at developing and improving the strategies for effective therapy against TNBC. Such strategies involved the emergence of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are designated as nanocavalries, loaded with various agents (drugs, genes, etc.) to battle the progression and metastasis of TNBC along with overcoming the limitations experienced by conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapy. This article documents the treatment regimens of TNBC along with their efficacy towards different subtypes of TNBC, and the various nanotechnologies employed to increase the therapeutic outcome of FDA-approved drug regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiswarya Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (A.C.); (D.N.K.); (D.D.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Dulla Naveen Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (A.C.); (D.N.K.); (D.D.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Deepa Dehari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (A.C.); (D.N.K.); (D.D.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (A.C.); (D.N.K.); (D.D.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa;
| | - Pradeep Kumar Bolla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA;
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (A.C.); (D.N.K.); (D.D.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Ashish Kumar Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (A.C.); (D.N.K.); (D.D.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
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10
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Cloud AS, Vargheese AM, Gunewardena S, Shimak RM, Ganeshkumar S, Kumaraswamy E, Jensen RA, Chennathukuzhi VM. Loss of REST in breast cancer promotes tumor progression through estrogen sensitization, MMP24 and CEMIP overexpression. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:180. [PMID: 35177031 PMCID: PMC8851790 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, and is both pathologically and genetically heterogeneous, making early detection and treatment difficult. A subset of breast cancers express normal levels of REST (repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor) mRNA but lack functional REST protein. Loss of REST function is seen in ~ 20% of breast cancers and is associated with a more aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. Despite the frequent loss of REST, little is known about the role of REST in the molecular pathogenesis of breast cancer. METHODS TCGA data was analyzed for the expression of REST target genes in breast cancer patient samples. We then utilized gene knockdown in MCF-7 cells in the presence or absence of steroid hormones estrogen and/ progesterone followed by RNA sequencing, as well as chromatin immunoprecipitation and PCR in an attempt to understand the tumor suppressor role of REST in breast cancer. RESULTS We show that REST directly regulates CEMIP (cell migration-inducing and hyaluronan-binding protein, KIAA1199) and MMP24 (matrix metallopeptidase 24), genes known to have roles in invasion and metastasis. REST knockdown in breast cancer cells leads to significant upregulation of CEMIP and MMP24. In addition, we found REST binds to RE-1 sites (repressor element-1) within the genes and influences their transcription. Furthermore, we found that the estrogen receptor (ESR1) signaling pathway is activated in the absence of REST, regardless of hormone treatment. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a critical role for the loss of REST in aggressive breast cancer pathogenesis and provide evidence for REST as an important diagnostic marker for personalized treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley S. Cloud
- grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| | - Aditya M. Vargheese
- grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA ,grid.468219.00000 0004 0408 2680The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS USA ,grid.266515.30000 0001 2106 0692University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS USA
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA ,grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| | - Raeann M. Shimak
- grid.468219.00000 0004 0408 2680The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS USA ,grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| | - Sornakala Ganeshkumar
- grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| | - Easwari Kumaraswamy
- grid.468219.00000 0004 0408 2680The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS USA ,grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| | - Roy A. Jensen
- grid.468219.00000 0004 0408 2680The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS USA ,grid.266515.30000 0001 2106 0692University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS USA ,grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA ,grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA ,grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| | - Vargheese M. Chennathukuzhi
- grid.412016.00000 0001 2177 6375Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA ,grid.468219.00000 0004 0408 2680The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS USA
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11
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Khalil HE, Ibrahim HIM, Ahmed EA, Emeka PM, Alhaider IA. Orientin, a Bio-Flavonoid from Trigonella hamosa L., Regulates COX-2/PGE-2 in A549 Cell Lines via miR-26b and miR-146a. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020154. [PMID: 35215267 PMCID: PMC8876523 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a severe health condition and considered one of the major healthcare issues and is in need of innovative strategy for a cure. The current study aimed to investigate the chemical profile of Trigonella hamosa L. and a potential molecular approach to explain its regulation in cancer progression through an inflammatory mediator (COX-2) in A549 non-small lung cancer cell lines via in silico, mechanistic and molecular aspects. T. hamosa was extracted and then subjected to a CCK-8 cell viability assay in different cancer cell lines including MDA-MB-231, A549 and HCT-116. Total extract was subjected to several chromatographic techniques to yield orientin (OT); the structure was elucidated by inspection of NMR spectroscopic data. To achieve anticancer effects of OT, a cell viability assay using a CCK-8 kit, immunoprecipitation by Western blot, cell migration using a wound healing assay, cell invasion using a Matrigel-Transwell assay, apoptosis by AO/EB dual staining, flow cytometric analysis and DAPI staining, a silenced COX-2 model to determine PGE-2 production and real-time PCR and Western blot of BCL-2, CYP-1A1, iNOS and COX-2 markers were carried out. The results demonstrated that OT decreased the cell proliferation and controlled cell migration and invasive properties. OT destabilized the COX-2 mRNA and downregulated its expression in A549 cell lines. Virtual binding showed interaction (binding energy −10.43) between OT and COX-2 protein compared to the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (CLX) (binding energy −9.4). The OT-CLX combination showed a superior anticancer effect. The synergistic effect of OT-CLX combination was noticed in controlling the migration and invasion of A549 cell lines. OT-CLX downregulated the expression of BCL-2, iNOS and COX-2 and activated the proapoptotic gene CYP-1A1. OT mitigated the COX-2 expression via upregulation of miR-26b and miR-146a. Interestingly, COX-2-silenced transfected A549 cells exhibited reduced expression of miR-26b and miR-146a. The findings confirmed the direct interaction of OT with COX-2 protein. PGE-2 expression was quantified in both naïve and COX-2-silenced A549 cells. OT downregulated the release of PGE-2 in both tested conditions. These results confirmed the regulatory effect of OT on A549 cell growth in a COX-2-dependent manner. OT activated apoptosis via activation of CYP-1A1 expression in an independent manner. These results revealed that the OT-CLX combination could serve as a potential synergistic treatment for effective inflammatory-mediated anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Ezzat Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (P.M.E.); (I.A.A.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (H.-I.M.I.); (E.A.A.)
- Department of System Biology, Pondicherry Center for Biological Science and Educational Trust, Kottakuppam 605104, India
| | - Emad A. Ahmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (H.-I.M.I.); (E.A.A.)
- Lab of Molecular Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Promise Madu Emeka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (P.M.E.); (I.A.A.)
| | - Ibrahim A. Alhaider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (P.M.E.); (I.A.A.)
- Research and Development, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh 13312, Saudi Arabia
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12
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You KS, Yi YW, Cho J, Park JS, Seong YS. Potentiating Therapeutic Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:589. [PMID: 34207383 PMCID: PMC8233743 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subset of breast cancer with aggressive characteristics and few therapeutic options. The lack of an appropriate therapeutic target is a challenging issue in treating TNBC. Although a high level expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been associated with a poor prognosis among patients with TNBC, targeted anti-EGFR therapies have demonstrated limited efficacy for TNBC treatment in both clinical and preclinical settings. However, with the advantage of a number of clinically approved EGFR inhibitors (EGFRis), combination strategies have been explored as a promising approach to overcome the intrinsic resistance of TNBC to EGFRis. In this review, we analyzed the literature on the combination of EGFRis with other molecularly targeted therapeutics or conventional chemotherapeutics to understand the current knowledge and to provide potential therapeutic options for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Sic You
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Graduate School of Convergence Medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 3116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Yong Weon Yi
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Jeonghee Cho
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Jeong-Soo Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
| | - Yeon-Sun Seong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Graduate School of Convergence Medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 3116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (J.C.)
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Ali A, Ali A, Husain Warsi M, Ahmad W, tahir A. Chemical characterization, antidiabetic and anticancer activities of Santolina chamaecyparissus. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4575-4580. [PMID: 34354443 PMCID: PMC8325052 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Santolina chamaecyparissus is an important medicinal plant growing in the Mediterranean region and has been reported as a potent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antifungal agent. The purpose of the current research is to identify the chemical constituents in ethyl acetate extract (EAE) from the leaves of S. chamaecyparissus, and to evaluate antidiabetic, and anticancer activity. Chemical constituents of EAE were identified by GC-MS, and the antidiabetic activity was evaluated by α-glucosidase inhibition assay. The anticancer activity was assessed by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) expression in human breast cancer cell line (MCF7) by using quantitative RT-PCR method. GC-MS analysis of EAE of S. chamaecyparissus yielded 44 compounds. Tetrapentacontane (27.15%), eicosyl acetate (8.40%), 2-methylhexacosane (6.87%), and n-pentadecanol (5.44%) were found as major chemical constituents. The EAE of S. chamaecyparissus showed concentration dependant inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme and the IC50 value (IC50 110 ± 4.25 µg/mL) was found comparable with standard acarbose (IC50 105 ± 3.74 µg/mL). The real-time qRT-PCR results showed that the EGFR protein (bcl-2) in human breast cancer cell line (MCF7) was negatively expressed with a value of −0.69297105 after treatment with EAE (100 µg/mL). The study results are suggesting the possible use of S. chamaecyparissus in the management of diabetes, and human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Amena Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musarrat Husain Warsi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abu tahir
- Department of Pharmacology, Raghukul College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, India
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14
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Miller HE, Bishop AJR. Correlation AnalyzeR: functional predictions from gene co-expression correlations. BMC Bioinformatics 2021; 22:206. [PMID: 33879054 PMCID: PMC8056587 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-021-04130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-expression correlations provide the ability to predict gene functionality within specific biological contexts, such as different tissue and disease conditions. However, current gene co-expression databases generally do not consider biological context. In addition, these tools often implement a limited range of unsophisticated analysis approaches, diminishing their utility for exploring gene functionality and gene relationships. Furthermore, they typically do not provide the summary visualizations necessary to communicate these results, posing a significant barrier to their utilization by biologists without computational skills. RESULTS We present Correlation AnalyzeR, a user-friendly web interface for exploring co-expression correlations and predicting gene functions, gene-gene relationships, and gene set topology. Correlation AnalyzeR provides flexible access to its database of tissue and disease-specific (cancer vs normal) genome-wide co-expression correlations, and it also implements a suite of sophisticated computational tools for generating functional predictions with user-friendly visualizations. In the usage example provided here, we explore the role of BRCA1-NRF2 interplay in the context of bone cancer, demonstrating how Correlation AnalyzeR can be effectively implemented to generate and support novel hypotheses. CONCLUSIONS Correlation AnalyzeR facilitates the exploration of poorly characterized genes and gene relationships to reveal novel biological insights. The database and all analysis methods can be accessed as a web application at https://gccri.bishop-lab.uthscsa.edu/correlation-analyzer/ and as a standalone R package at https://github.com/Bishop-Laboratory/correlationAnalyzeR .
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry E Miller
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health At San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. .,Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health At San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Alexander J R Bishop
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health At San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health At San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health At San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
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15
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Liu X, Zhang H, Xue Q, Pan W, Zhang A. In silico health effect prioritization of environmental chemicals through transcriptomics data exploration from a chemo-centric view. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143082. [PMID: 33143927 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the explosive growth of synthetic compounds, the health effects caused by exogenous chemical exposure have attracted more and more public attention. The prediction of health effect is a never-ending story. Collective resource of transcriptomics data offers an opportunity to understand and identify the multiple health effects of small molecule. Inspired by the fact that environmental chemicals of high health risk frequently share both similar gene expression profile and common structural feature of certain drugs, we here propose a novel computational effect prioritization method for environmental chemicals through transcriptomics data exploration from a chemo-centric view. Specifically, non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) method has been adopted to get the association network linking structural features with transcriptomics characteristics of drugs with specific effects. The model yields 13 pivotal types of effects, so-called components, that represent drug categories with common chemo- and geno- type features. Moreover, the established model effectively prioritizes potential toxic effects for the external chemicals from the endocrine disruptor screening program (EDSP) for their potential estrogenicity and other verified risks. Even if only the highest priority is set for the estrogenic effect, the precision and recall can reach 0.76 and 0.77 respectively for these chemicals. Our effort provides a successful endeavor as to profile potential toxic effects simultaneously for environmental chemicals using both chemical and omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Huazhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Qiao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
| | - Wenxiao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
| | - Aiqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China.
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16
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Lu L, Wei R, Prats-Ejarque G, Goetz M, Wang G, Torrent M, Boix E. Human RNase3 immune modulation by catalytic-dependent and independent modes in a macrophage-cell line infection model. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:2963-2985. [PMID: 33226440 PMCID: PMC8004517 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03695-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The human RNase3 is a member of the RNaseA superfamily involved in host immunity. RNase3 is expressed by leukocytes and shows broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Together with a direct antimicrobial action, RNase3 exhibits immunomodulatory properties. Here, we have analysed the transcriptome of macrophages exposed to the wild-type protein and a catalytic-defective mutant (RNase3-H15A). The analysis of differently expressed genes (DEGs) in treated THP1-derived macrophages highlighted a common pro-inflammatory "core-response" independent of the protein ribonucleolytic activity. Network analysis identified the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as the main central regulatory protein. Expression of selected DEGs and MAPK phosphorylation were inhibited by an anti-EGFR antibody. Structural analysis suggested that RNase3 activates the EGFR pathway by direct interaction with the receptor. Besides, we identified a subset of DEGs related to the protein ribonucleolytic activity, characteristic of virus infection response. Transcriptome analysis revealed an early pro-inflammatory response, not associated to the protein catalytic activity, followed by a late activation in a ribonucleolytic-dependent manner. Next, we demonstrated that overexpression of macrophage endogenous RNase3 protects the cells against infection by Mycobacterium aurum and the human respiratory syncytial virus. Comparison of cell infection profiles in the presence of Erlotinib, an EGFR inhibitor, revealed that the receptor activation is required for the antibacterial but not for the antiviral protein action. Moreover, the DEGs related and unrelated to the protein catalytic activity are associated to the immune response to bacterial and viral infection, respectively. We conclude that RNase3 modulates the macrophage defence against infection in both catalytic-dependent and independent manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - RanLei Wei
- Center of Precision Medicine and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guillem Prats-Ejarque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Maria Goetz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Gang Wang
- Center of Precision Medicine and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Marc Torrent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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Clinico-Pathological Importance of miR-146a in Lung Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020274. [PMID: 33578944 PMCID: PMC7916675 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a well-known malignant tumor of the respiratory tract, which has caused a significant level of damage to human health in the 21st century. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are tiny, non-coding RNA stem-loop structures with a length of roughly 20–25 nucleotides that function as powerful modulators of mRNA and protein products of a gene. miRNAs may modulate many biological processes involving growth, differentiation, proliferation, and cell death and play a key role in the pathogenesis of various types of malignancies. Several accumulating pieces of evidence have proven that miRNA, especially miR-146a, are crucial modulators of innate immune response sequences. A novel and exciting cancer research field has involved miRNA for the detection and suppression of cancer. However, the actual mechanism which is adopted by these miRNA is still unclear. miRNAs have been used as a cancer-associated biomarker in several studies, suggesting their altered expression in various cancers compared to the normal cells. The amount of expression of miRNA can also be used to determine the stage of the disease, aiding in early detection. In breast, pancreatic, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and gastric cancer, cancer cell proliferation and metastasis has been suppressed by miR-146a. Changes in miR-146a expression levels have biomarker importance and possess a high potential as a therapeutic target in lung cancer. It retards epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes the therapeutic action of anticancer agents in lung cancer. Studies have also suggested that miR-146a affects gene expression through different signaling pathways viz. TNF-α, NF-κB and MEK-1/2, and JNK-1/2. Further research is required for understanding the molecular mechanisms of miR-146a in lung cancer. The potential role of miR-146a as a diagnostic marker of lung cancer must also be analyzed. This review summarizes the tumor-suppressing, anti-inflammatory, and antichemoresistive nature of miR-146a in lung cancer.
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In-silico modeling and analysis of the therapeutic potential of miRNA-7 on EGFR associated signaling network involved in breast cancer. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Angius A, Cossu-Rocca P, Arru C, Muroni MR, Rallo V, Carru C, Uva P, Pira G, Orrù S, De Miglio MR. Modulatory Role of microRNAs in Triple Negative Breast Cancer with Basal-Like Phenotype. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3298. [PMID: 33171872 PMCID: PMC7695196 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of new research, classification, and therapeutic options are urgently required due to the fact that TNBC is a heterogeneous malignancy. The expression of high molecular weight cytokeratins identifies a biologically and clinically distinct subgroup of TNBCs with a basal-like phenotype, representing about 75% of TNBCs, while the remaining 25% includes all other intrinsic subtypes. The triple negative phenotype in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) makes it unresponsive to endocrine therapy, i.e., tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and/or anti-HER2-targeted therapies; for this reason, only chemotherapy can be considered an approach available for systemic treatment even if it shows poor prognosis. Therefore, treatment for these subgroups of patients is a strong challenge for oncologists due to disease heterogeneity and the absence of unambiguous molecular targets. Dysregulation of the cellular miRNAome has been related to huge cellular process deregulations underlying human malignancy. Consequently, epigenetics is a field of great promise in cancer research. Increasing evidence suggests that specific miRNA clusters/signatures might be of clinical utility in TNBCs with basal-like phenotype. The epigenetic mechanisms behind tumorigenesis enable progress in the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of cancer. This review intends to summarize the epigenetic findings related to miRNAome in TNBCs with basal-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angius
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), CNR, Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Paolo Cossu-Rocca
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (P.C.-R.); (M.R.M.)
- Department of Diagnostic Services, “Giovanni Paolo II” Hospital, ASSL Olbia-ATS Sardegna, 07026 Olbia, Italy
| | - Caterina Arru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Muroni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (P.C.-R.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Rallo
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), CNR, Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Paolo Uva
- CRS4, Science and Technology Park Polaris, Piscina Manna, 09010 Pula, CA, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Pira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Sandra Orrù
- Department of Pathology, “A. Businco” Oncologic Hospital, ASL Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria De Miglio
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), CNR, Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
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Nariman-Saleh-Fam Z, Mansoori Y, Saadatian Z, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J, Daraei A, Zununi Vahed S, Mahmoodzadeh H, Bastami M. Dysregulated Expression of miR-146a and Its Associated Immune Effectors in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Esophageal Carcinoma Patients. Immunol Invest 2020; 51:290-300. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1828454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziba Nariman-Saleh-Fam
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Zahra Saadatian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Habibollah Mahmoodzadeh
- Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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PFKP is transcriptionally repressed by BRCA1/ZBRK1 and predicts prognosis in breast cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233750. [PMID: 32470015 PMCID: PMC7259711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanism how PFKP is regulated by BRCA1 and the clinical significance of PFKP in breast cancer. Methods MEF-BRCA1△/△ and the wild type counterpart MEF-BRCA1+/+ cell lines were used to test the sensitivity of glucose depletion in culture medium. Glucose Assay Kit was used to quantify glucose levels in cultural supernatant and cell lysate. Real time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of genes. Western blot was used to detect protein levels. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to verify the bindings between transcription factors and DNA elements. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the transcriptional activity. Histochemistry assay was performed on tissue microarray. Results We found that MEF-BRCA1△/△ cells consumed more glucose and were more vulnerable to glucose-deprived culture medium. The mRNA profiles and qPCR assay of MEF-BRCA1△/△ and MEF-BRCA1+/+ cells revealed that PFKP, the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, was significantly upregulated in MEF-BRCA1△/△ cells. Consistently, the repressive effects of BRCA1 on PFKP were confirmed by overexpression or knockdown of BRCA1. Moreover, we also demonstrated that PFKP was suppressed by ZBRK1 as well, which was the co-repression partner of BRCA1. Mechanistically, we figured out that BRCA1 formed a transcriptional repression complex with ZBRK1 on the promoter of PFKP and consequently restrained its expression. Importantly, the expression levels of PFKP were demonstrated to associate with poor survival of patients with breast cancer. Conclusion Our study provided a new insight into the dysregulation of glycolysis in breast cancer, which might be partially due to the deficiency of BRCA1/ZBRK1 axis and subsequently reversed the transcriptional repressive effect on PFKP. We also found that PFKP overexpressed in a subset of breast cancer patients and could serve as a prognostic factor, which represented a potential target for BC therapy.
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Wu Y, Tao L, Liang J, Qiao Y, Liu W, Yu H, Yu X, Liu L. miR-187-3p increases gemcitabine sensitivity in breast cancer cells by targeting FGF9 expression. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:952-960. [PMID: 32765654 PMCID: PMC7388565 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of malignancy in women, which remains a significant health concern worldwide. Gemcitabine is a frequently applied anticancer pharmacological agent. However, the efficacy of gemcitabine is limited by chemoresistance. In the present study, a combination of reverse transcription quantitative-PCR, cell viability, flow cytometry, luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis were performed to elucidate the potential effects of miR-187-3p on gemcitabine sensitivity in the breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. The results revealed that miR-187-3p was significantly decreased in the breast cancer tumor tissues. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-187-3p significantly inhibited cell viability and promoted apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, miR-187-3p overexpression enhanced the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of gemcitabine, indicating that miR-187-3p regulated gemcitabine sensitivity in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, miR-187-3p negatively regulated the expression of fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) by binding to its 3'-untranslated region. Overexpression of FGF9 reversed the aforementioned effects of miR-187-3p overexpression on cell viability and apoptosis in the presence of gemcitabine. In conclusion, the present study indicated that miR-187-3p increased gemcitabine sensitivity in breast cancer cells by targeting FGF9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Wu
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Li Tao
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Liang
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yashun Qiao
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Haina Yu
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Xinghui Yu
- Breast Surgery Department, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P.R. China
| | - Lanfang Liu
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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Brincas HM, Augusto DG, Mathias C, Cavalli IJ, Lima RSD, Kuroda F, Urban CDA, Gradia DF, de Oliveira J, de Almeida RC, Ribeiro EMDSF. A genetic variant in microRNA-146a is associated with sporadic breast cancer in a Southern Brazilian Population. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 42:e20190278. [PMID: 32142098 PMCID: PMC7198002 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in gene expression and affect the
development of tumours, including breast cancer (BC). Polymorphisms in miRNA
genes can affect the interaction of miRNAs with their target messenger RNA by
interfering, creating or disrupting target sites. The single nucleotide
polymorphism (SNP) rs2910164, located in the seed region of
miR146a, was shown to be associated with BC among different populations. In the
present study, we investigated whether rs2910164 is associated
with BC in 326 patients and 411 controls from a Brazilian population of
predominantly European ancestry. The presence of the allele
rs2910164*C was associated with an increased risk of BC
(OR=1.4, 95% CI=1.03-1.85, p = 0.03). We also analysed publicly
available RNA-seq data to evaluate if miR146a is differentially expressed in
different subtypes of BC. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction
with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). By leveraging public data from TCGA
database, we analysed 461 patients and found that miR146a is significantly more
expressed in BC than in non-tumor tissue (1.47 fold, p = 0.02)
and is expressed to a greater degree in aggressive BC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danillo G Augusto
- Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças, Centro de Doenças da Mama, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carolina Mathias
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Iglenir João Cavalli
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia Kuroda
- Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças, Centro de Doenças da Mama, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Fiori Gradia
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Meng Q, Liang C, Hua J, Zhang B, Liu J, Zhang Y, Wei M, Yu X, Xu J, Shi S. A miR-146a-5p/TRAF6/NF-kB p65 axis regulates pancreatic cancer chemoresistance: functional validation and clinical significance. Theranostics 2020; 10:3967-3979. [PMID: 32226532 PMCID: PMC7086345 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression in cancer can act as a key factor that modifies biological processes, including chemoresistance. Our study aimed to identify the miRNAs associated with gemcitabine (GEM) resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to explore the potential mechanisms. Methods: The miRNA microarray was used to identify miRNAs associated with GEM resistance. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to examine miR-146a-5p expression in paired PDAC and adjacent normal tissues. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assays, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to confirm tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) as a direct target of miR-146a-5p and to explore the potential transcription factor binding and regulation by miR-146a-5p. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to investigate the mechanisms. Results: MiR-146a-5p expression was significantly decreased in PDAC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and miR-146a-5p expression correlated with prognosis in PDAC patients. Functional studies indicated that miR-146a-5p suppressed PDAC cell proliferation and sensitized PDAC cells to GEM chemotherapy by targeting the 3'-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of TRAF6. MiR-146a-5p was also observed to downregulate the TRAF6/NF-κB p65/P-gp axis, which regulates PDAC cell growth and chemoresistance. Conclusions: Taken together, the results indicate that the miR-146a-5p/TRAF6/NF-κB p65 axis drives pancreatic chemoresistance by regulating P-gp, suggesting that miR-146a-5p may be utilized as a new therapeutic target and prognostic marker in PDAC patients.
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Majidinia M, Mir SM, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Asghari R, Kafil HS, Safa A, Mahmoodpoor A, Yousefi B. MicroRNAs, DNA damage response and ageing. Biogerontology 2020; 21:275-291. [PMID: 32067137 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a multifactorial and integrated gradual deterioration affecting the most of biological process of cells. MiRNAs are differentially expressed in the cellular senescence and play important role in regulating of genes expression involved in features of ageing. The perception of miRNAs functions in ageing regulation can be useful in clarifying the mechanisms underlying ageing and designing of therapeutic strategies. The preservation of genomic integrity through DNA damage response (DDR) is related to the process of cellular senescence. The recent studies have shown that miRNAs has directly regulated the expression of numerous proteins in DDR pathways. In this review study, DDR pathways, miRNA biogenesis and functions, current finding on DDR regulations, molecular biology of ageing and the role of miRNAs in these processes have been studied. Finally, a brief explanation about the therapeutic function of miRNAs in ageing regarding its regulation of DDR has been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Mir
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Roghaieh Asghari
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Stem Cell Center Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Safa
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam. .,Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Center Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Sadegh Shesh Poli M, Khajeniazi S, Behnampour N, Kalani MR, Moradi A, Marjani A. MicroRNA-146a as a Prognostic Biomarker for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:973-980. [PMID: 32104079 PMCID: PMC7023856 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s229397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims MicroRNAs including miR146a have a regulatory role on the expression of genes and act with binding to 3'-UTR region of the genes. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is involved in carcinogenesis as an inflammatory marker, and microRNA-146a (miR-146a) as a negative regulatory factor. We aimed to evaluate miR146a expression as a prognostic or diagnostic biomarker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and also an association between miR146a and COX2 expression. Materials and Methods We quantified the level of miR-146a and COX-2 expression in cancerous and adjacent normal tissue samples obtained from 34 patients with ESCC, using real-time-PCR. Statistical analyses were conducted using one-sample t-test. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier analysis were applied to assay miR146a as a diagnostic and prognostic marker, respectively, during 4 years of the study. Furthermore, the Cox regression model was performed to assay the hazard ratio (HR). The association between miR-146a and COX2 expression level in ESCC patients was evaluated by nonparametric Spearman's rho analysis. Results The results revealed a reduction of miR-146a expression in 50% of cancerous tissue when compared with adjacent normal regions (P-value=0.127). COX-2 expression in 80% of ESCC patients was higher than in the controls (P-value=0.001). Overall, in 60% of cases, direct association was seen between microRNA-146a and COX-2 expression level (correlation coefficient= 0.438, P-value=0.011). COX2 can be considered as a diagnostic biomarker (AUC=0.834, sensitivity=72%, specificity =83%, P-value<0.0001) but miR146a cannot be considered as a diagnostic biomarker (AUC=0.553, sensitivity=88%, specificity =28%, P-value=0.453). Survival analysis by Kaplan-Meier method showed miR146a and COX2 expression can be probably considered as prognostic biomarkers for ESCC because patients with high expression of miR146a had 7 months shorter life span and patients with low expression of COX2 had 8 months shorter life span. Conclusion COX2 expression is a diagnostic biomarker. MiR-146a and COX2 expression can probably be considered as prognostic biomarkers for survival in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Safoura Khajeniazi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nasser Behnampour
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Kalani
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdolvahab Moradi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdoljalal Marjani
- Abdoljalal Marjani Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Azadi S, Aboulkheyr Es H, Razavi Bazaz S, Thiery JP, Asadnia M, Ebrahimi Warkiani M. Upregulation of PD-L1 expression in breast cancer cells through the formation of 3D multicellular cancer aggregates under different chemical and mechanical conditions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118526. [PMID: 31398408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cancer cells plays an important role in cancer-immune cell interaction. The emerging evidence suggests regulation of PD-L1 expression by several tumor microenvironmental cues. However, the association of PD-L1 expression with chemical and mechanical features of the tumor microenvironment, specifically epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and matrix stiffness, remains elusive. Herein, we determine whether EGFR targeting and substrate stiffness affect the regulation of PD-L1 expression. Breast carcinoma cell lines, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231, were cultured under different conditions targeting EGFR and exposing cells to distinct substrate stiffness to evaluate PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, the ability to form aggregates in short-term culture of breast carcinoma cells and its effect on expression level of PD-L1 was probed. Our results indicated that PD-L1 expression was altered in response to both EGFR inhibition and substrate stiffness. Additionally, a positive association between the formation of multicellular aggregates and PD-L1 expression was observed. MDA-MB-231 cells expressed the highest PD-L1 level on a stiff substrate, while inhibition of EGFR reduced expression of PD-L1. The results suggested that both physical and chemical features of tumor microenvironment regulate PD-L1 expression through alteration of tumor aggregate formation potential. In line with these results, the in-silico study highlighted a positive correlation between PD-L1 expression, EGFR signaling, epithelial to mesenchymal transition related transcription factors (EMT-TFs) and stemness markers in metastatic breast cancer. These findings improve our understanding of regulation of PD-L1 expression by tumor microenvironment leading to evasion of tumor cells from the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Azadi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia; School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Hamidreza Aboulkheyr Es
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Sajad Razavi Bazaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Jean Paul Thiery
- Inserm Unit 1186, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Mohsen Asadnia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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28
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Protective potential of miR-146a-5p and its underlying molecular mechanism in diverse cancers: a comprehensive meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:167. [PMID: 31285693 PMCID: PMC6592002 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aims Studies have shown that miR-146a-5p was differentially expressed in diverse cancers, but the associations between miR-146a-5p expression and prognosis across multiple types of cancer as well its potential targets and downstream pathways have not been comprehensively analyzed. In this study, we performed the first meta-analysis of the prognostic value of miR-146a-5p expression in diverse malignancies and explored prospective targets of miR-146a-5p and related signaling pathways. Methods A thorough search for articles related to miR-146a-5p was performed, and RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and microarray data from gene expression omnibus profiles were used to collect information about the prognostic value of miR-146a-5p. A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted. Twelve platforms in miRWalk 2.0 were applied to predict targets of miR-146a-5p. TCGA RNA-seq data were used to validate the inverse relationships between miR-146a-5p and its likely targets. Subsequently, gene ontology and pathway analyses were conducted using Funrich version 3.1.3. Potential protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed. Potential target genes of miR-146a-5p in lung cancer were validated by RT-qPCR. Results We included 10 articles in the meta-analysis. In a pooled analysis, the high miR-146a-5p expression group showed a better overall survival in solid cancers, particularly in reproductive system cancers and digestive system cancers. A total of 120 predicted target genes were included in a bioinformatics analysis. Five pathways involving phospholipase C (PLC) and aquaporins (AQPs) were the most significantly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Moreover, the PPI network displayed the related signaling pathways and interactions among proteins. AQP1 and FYN were validated by RT-qPCR to be potential targets of miR-146a-5p in lung cancer. Conclusion There is a close link between high miR-146a-5p expression and better overall survival in 21 types of solid cancer, especially in reproductive system and digestive system cancers. Furthermore, miR-146a-5p could inhibit diverse malignancies by modulating pathways linked to PLC or AQPs. In summary, miR-146a-5p is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for various cancers.
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29
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Iacona JR, Lutz CS. miR-146a-5p: Expression, regulation, and functions in cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2019; 10:e1533. [PMID: 30895717 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer as we know it is actually an umbrella term for over 100 very unique malignancies in various tissues throughout the human body. Each type, and even subtype of cancer, has different genetic, epigenetic, and other cellular events responsible for malignant development and metastasis. Recent work has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a major role in these processes, sometimes by promoting cancer growth and other times by suppressing tumorigenesis. miRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate expression of specific target genes. This review goes into an in-depth look at the most recent finding regarding the significance of one particular miRNA, miR-146a-5p, and its involvement in cancer. Target gene validation and pathway analysis have provided mechanistic insight into this miRNA's purpose in assorted tissues. Additionally, this review outlines novel findings that suggest miR-146a-5p may be useful as a noninvasive biomarker and as a targeted therapeutic in several cancers. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Iacona
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and the School of Graduate Studies, Health Sciences Campus - Newark, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Carol S Lutz
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and the School of Graduate Studies, Health Sciences Campus - Newark, Newark, New Jersey
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30
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Hwang SY, Park S, Kwon Y. Recent therapeutic trends and promising targets in triple negative breast cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 199:30-57. [PMID: 30825473 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer accounts for 25% of all types of cancer in women, and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises around 15~20% of breast cancers. Conventional chemotherapy and radiation are the primary systemic therapeutic strategies; no other FDA-approved targeted therapies are yet available as for TNBC. TNBC is generally characterized by a poor prognosis and high rates of proliferation and metastases. Due to these aggressive features and lack of targeted therapies, numerous attempts have been made to discover viable molecular targets for TNBC. Massive cohort studies, clinical trials, and in-depth analyses have revealed diverse molecular alterations in TNBC; however, controversy exists as to whether many of these changes are beneficial or detrimental in caner progression. Here we review the complicated tumorigenic processes and discuss critical findings and therapeutic trends in TNBC with a focus on promising therapeutic approaches, the clinical trials currently underway, and potent experimental compounds under preclinical and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seojeong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Khawaled S, Suh SS, Abdeen SK, Monin J, Distefano R, Nigita G, Croce CM, Aqeilan RI. WWOX Inhibits Metastasis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via Modulation of miRNAs. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1784-1798. [PMID: 30622118 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous, highly aggressive, and difficult to treat tumor type. The tumor suppressor WWOX spans FRA16D, a common fragile site that is commonly altered in breast cancer. Despite recent progress, the role of WWOX in TNBC metastasis is unknown. Here we report that WWOX inactivation correlates with advanced stages of TNBC and that its levels are frequently altered in TNBC cells. Ectopic restoration of WWOX in WWOX-negative TNBC cells inhibited metastasis while its depletion in WWOX-positive TNBC cells promoted metastasis. WWOX was a negative regulator of c-MYC, which regulated miR-146a expression and consequently fibronectin levels, contributing to an epithelial status of the cell. Treatment of TNBC cells with anti-miR-146a rescued the WWOX antimetastatic phenotype. Moreover, overexpression of MYC in WWOX-expressing TNBC cells overrode WWOX effects on miR-146a and fibronectin levels. Altogether, our data uncover an essential role for WWOX in antagonizing TNBC progression and highlight its potential use as a biomarker for metastasis. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings highlight the mechanism by which the tumor suppressor WWOX regulates metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer.See related commentary by Sharma, p. 1746.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Khawaled
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, IMRIC, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sung Suk Suh
- Department of Bioscience, Mokpo National University, Muan, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhaib K Abdeen
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, IMRIC, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jonathan Monin
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, IMRIC, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rosario Distefano
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Giovanni Nigita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rami I Aqeilan
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, IMRIC, Jerusalem, Israel. .,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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32
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Abdollahzadeh R, Daraei A, Mansoori Y, Sepahvand M, Amoli MM, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) cross talk and language in ceRNA regulatory networks: A new look at hallmarks of breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10080-10100. [PMID: 30537129 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy in women worldwide. Despite the substantial advancement in understanding the molecular mechanisms and management of BC, it remains the leading cause of cancer death in women. One of the main reasons for this obstacle is that we have not been able to find the Achilles heel for the BC as a highly heterogeneous disease. Accumulating evidence has revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), play key roles in the development of BC; however, the involving of complex regulatory interactions between the different varieties of ncRNAs in the development of this cancer has been poorly understood. In the recent years, the newly discovered mechanism in the RNA world is "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" which proposes regulatory dialogues between different RNAs, including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), transcribed pseudogenes, and circular RNAs (circRNAs). In the latest BC research, various studies have revealed that dysregulation of several ceRNA networks (ceRNETs) between these ncRNAs has fundamental roles in establishing the hallmarks of BC development. And it is thought that such a discovery could open a new window for a better understanding of the hidden aspects of breast tumors. Besides, it probably can provide new biomarkers and potential efficient therapeutic targets for BC. This review will discuss the existing body of knowledge regarding the key functions of ceRNETs and then highlights the emerging roles of some recently discovered ceRNETs in several hallmarks of BC. Moreover, we propose for the first time the "ceRnome" as a new term in the present article for RNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sepahvand
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Colombo M, Rizzuto MA, Pacini C, Pandolfi L, Bonizzi A, Truffi M, Monieri M, Catrambone F, Giustra M, Garbujo S, Fiandra L, Corsi F, Prosperi D, Mazzucchelli S. Half-Chain Cetuximab Nanoconjugates Allow Multitarget Therapy of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:3817-3832. [PMID: 30350574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has revolutionized cancer treatment. The conjugation of mAbs to nanoparticles has been broadly exploited to improve the targeting efficiency of drug nanocarriers taking advantage of high binding efficacy and target selectivity of antibodies for specific cell receptors. However, the therapeutic implications of nanoconjugation have been poorly considered. In this study, half-chain fragments of the anti-EGFR mAb cetuximab were conjugated to colloidal nanoparticles originating stable nanoconjugates that were investigated as surrogates of therapeutic mAbs in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Three TNBC cell lines were selected according to EGFR expression, which regulates activation of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, and to distinctive molecular profiling including KRAS, PTEN, and BRCA1 mutations normally associated with diverse sensitivity to treatment with cetuximab. The molecular mechanisms of action of nanoconjugated half-chain mAb, including cell targeting, interference with downstream signaling pathways, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis, along with triggering of ADCC response, were investigated in detail in sensitive and resistant TNBC cells. We found that half-chain mAb nanoconjugation was able to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and improve the target selectivity against sensitive, but unexpectedly also resistant, TNBC cells. Viability assays and signaling transduction modulation suggested a role of BRCA1 mutation in TNBC resistance to cetuximab alone, whereas its effect could be circumvented using half-chain cetuximab nanoconjugates, suggesting that nanoconjugation not only improved the antibody activity but also exerted different mechanisms of action. Our results provide robust evidence of the potential of half-chain antibody nanoconjugates in the treatment of TNBC, which could offer a new paradigm for therapeutic antibody administration, potentially allowing improved curative efficiency and reduced minimal effective dosages in both sensitive and resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Colombo
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Rizzuto
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Chiara Pacini
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Laura Pandolfi
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Arianna Bonizzi
- Nanomedicine Laboratory , ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB , via S. Maugeri 10 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Marta Truffi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy
| | - Matteo Monieri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy
| | - Francesco Catrambone
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy
| | - Marco Giustra
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Stefania Garbujo
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Luisa Fiandra
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy.,Nanomedicine Laboratory , ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB , via S. Maugeri 10 , 27100 Pavia , Italy.,Surgery Department, Breast Unit , ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB , via S. Maugeri 10 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Davide Prosperi
- NanoBioLab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze , Università di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 2 , 20126 Milano , Italy.,Nanomedicine Laboratory , ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB , via S. Maugeri 10 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Serena Mazzucchelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco" , University of Milano , via G. B. Grassi 74 , 20157 Milano , Italy
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34
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Omari A, Nastały P, Stoupiec S, Bałabas A, Dąbrowska M, Bielińska B, Huss S, Pantel K, Semjonow A, Eltze E, Brandt B, Bednarz-Knoll N. Somatic aberrations of BRCA1 gene are associated with ALDH1, EGFR, and tumor progression in prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:607-614. [PMID: 30265376 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1 is a pivotal tumor suppressor. Its dysfunction is known to play a role in different tumors. Among others, BRCA1 germline mutations account for higher risk and more aggressive course of prostate cancer (PCa). In addition, somatic BRCA1 gene loss was demonstrated to be a signature of PCa dissemination to lymph nodes and peripheral blood, and indicate worse clinical outcome. In order to substantiate the data for BRCA1 gene loss in PCa and reveal its phenotypical background, BRCA1 gene status was assessed in a large cohort of PCa patients and compared to different molecular factors. BRCA1 gene dosage was assessed in 2398 tumor samples from 1,199 PCa patients using fluorescent in situ hybridization. It was compared to clinico-pathological parameters, patients' outcome as well as selected proteins (Ki-67, apoptosis marker, cytokeratins, vimentin, E- and N-cadherin, ALDH1 and EGFR) examined immunohistochemically. BRCA1 losses were found in 10%, whereas gains appeared in 7% of 603 informative PCa patients. BRCA1 losses correlated to higher T stage (p = 0.027), Gleason score (p = 0.039), shorter time to biochemical recurrence in patients with Gleason score > 7 independently of other factors (multivariate analysis, p = 0.005) as well as expression of proteins regulating stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, that is, ALDH1 (p = 0.021) and EGFR (p = 0.011), respectively. BRCA1 gains correlated to shorter time to metastasis (p = 0.012) and expression of ALDH1 (p = 0.014). These results support the assumption that BRCA1 gene losses contribute to a progressive and stem cell-like phenotype of PCa. Furthermore, they reveal that also BRCA1 gain conceivably representing loss-of-function might mark more invasive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Omari
- Institute of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paulina Nastały
- Institute of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sara Stoupiec
- Institute of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aneta Bałabas
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michalina Dąbrowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Bielińska
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Huss
- Gerhard-Domagk Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Institute of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Axel Semjonow
- Department of Urology, Prostate Center University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Elke Eltze
- Institute of Pathology Saarbruecken-Rastpfuhl, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Burkhard Brandt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; formerly Institute of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Bednarz-Knoll
- Institute of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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35
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Temian DC, Pop LA, Irimie AI, Berindan-Neagoe I. The Epigenetics of Triple-Negative and Basal-Like Breast Cancer: Current Knowledge. J Breast Cancer 2018; 21:233-243. [PMID: 30275851 PMCID: PMC6158152 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2018.21.e41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has the highest incidence among all malignancies diagnosed in women. Therapies have significantly improved over the years due to extensive molecular and clinical research; in a large number of cases, targeted therapies have provided better prognosis. However, one specific subtype remains elusive to targeted therapies–the triple-negative breast cancer. This immunohistochemically defined subtype is resistant to both endocrine and targeted therapies, leading to its poor prognosis. A field that is of great promise in current cancer research is epigenetics. By studying the epigenetic mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis–DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs–advances in cancer treatment, diagnosis, and prevention are possible. This review aims to synthesize the epigenetic discoveries that have been made related to the triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Cosmina Temian
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura Ancuta Pop
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Iulia Irimie
- Division of Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,MedFUTURE Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. I Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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36
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Xiang Z, Song J, Zhuo X, Li Q, Zhang X. MiR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism and head and neck carcinoma risk: a meta-analysis based on 10 case-control studies. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1226-1233. [PMID: 27901485 PMCID: PMC5352050 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Two recent meta-analyses have been conducted on the relationship between miR-146a polymorphism (rs2910164) and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk. However, they have yielded conflicting results. Hence, the aim of the present study was to conduct a quantitative updated meta-analysis addressing this subject. Eligible studies up to Sep 2016 were retrieved and screened from the bio-databases and then essential data were extracted for data analysis. Next, subgroup analyses on ethnicity, source of controls, sample size, and genotyping method were also carried out. As a result, a total of 9 publications involving 10 independent case-control studies were included. The overall data indicated a significant association between miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism and HNC risk [C vs. G: odds ratio (OR) = 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00-1.31; CC+CG vs. GG: OR=1.21; 95%CI=1.02-1.43]. Variant alleles of miR-146a rs2910164 may have a correlation with increased HNC risk. Future well-designed studies containing large sample sizes are needed to verify this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolan Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jue Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xianlu Zhuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueyuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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37
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Chakedis J, French R, Babicky M, Jaquish D, Mose E, Cheng P, Holman P, Howard H, Miyamoto J, Porras P, Walterscheid Z, Schultz-Fademrecht C, Esdar C, Schadt O, Eickhoff J, Lowy AM. Characterization of RON protein isoforms in pancreatic cancer: implications for biology and therapeutics. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45959-45975. [PMID: 27323855 PMCID: PMC5216774 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The RON tyrosine kinase receptor is under investigation as a novel target in pancreatic cancer. While RON mutations are uncommon, RON isoforms are produced in cancer cells via a variety of mechanisms. In this study we sought to: 1) characterize RON isoform expression in pancreatic cancer, 2) investigate mechanisms that regulate isoform expression, and 3) determine how various isoforms effect gene expression, oncogenic phenotypes and responses to RON directed therapies. We quantified RON transcripts in human pancreatic cancer and found expression levels 2500 fold that of normal pancreas with RON isoform expression comprising nearly 50% of total transcript. RNA seq studies revealed that the short form (sfRON) and P5P6 isoforms which have ligand independent activity, induce markedly different patterns of gene expression than wild type RON. We found that transcription of RON isoforms is regulated by promoter hypermethylation as the DNA demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine decreased all RON transcripts in a subset of pancreatic cancer cell lines. The viability of sfRON-expressing HPDE cells was reduced by a RON specific small molecule inhibitor, while a therapeutic monoclonal antibody had no demonstrable effects. In summary, RON isoforms may comprise half of total RON transcript in human pancreatic cancer and their expression is regulated at least in part by promoter hypermethylation. RON isoforms activate distinct patterns of gene expression, have transforming activity and differential responses to RON directed therapies. These findings further our understanding of RON biology in pancreatic cancer and have implications for therapeutic strategies to target RON activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery Chakedis
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Randall French
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michele Babicky
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dawn Jaquish
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Evangeline Mose
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Holman
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Haleigh Howard
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jaclyn Miyamoto
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paula Porras
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zakk Walterscheid
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew M Lowy
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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38
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Chen J, Chen Z, Huang J, Chen F, Ye W, Ding G, Wang X. Bioinformatics identification of dysregulated microRNAs in triple negative breast cancer based on microRNA expression profiling. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:3017-3023. [PMID: 29435032 PMCID: PMC5778821 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15-20% of all breast cancer cases and is usually more aggressive with a poorer clinical outcome compared with other breast cancer subtypes. Evidence of the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer has provided an opportunity for the development of novel effective therapeutic targets in TNBC. In the present study, the miRNA expression profiles of the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cells, was evaluated by using miRNA microarray analysis. A total of 107 differentially expressed miRNAs (57 upregulated and 50 downregulated) were identified in MDA-MB-231 cells compared with MCF-7 cells. Five prominently dysregulated miRNAs (miR-200c-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-222-3p, miR-192-5p and miR-146a) were further confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, gene ontology analysis and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the dysregulated miRNAs and predicted targets were found to be involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase, Wnt, and transforming growth factor-β signaling pathways, which were known to contribute to TNBC progression and metastasis. Finally, miRNA gene network analyses suggested that miR-200c may serve as a crucial miRNA in breast cancer. Taken together, these findings may provide a comprehensive view of the function of aberrant miRNAs involved in TNBC, and dysregulated miRNAs hold promise as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Zhanhong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Weiwu Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Guojun Ding
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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39
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McVeigh TP, Mulligan RJ, McVeigh UM, Owens PW, Miller N, Bell M, Sebag F, Guerin C, Quill DS, Weidhaas JB, Kerin MJ, Lowery AJ. Investigating the association of rs2910164 with cancer predisposition in an Irish cohort. Endocr Connect 2017; 6:614-624. [PMID: 28899898 PMCID: PMC5640569 DOI: 10.1530/ec-17-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that exert post-transcriptional effects on gene expression by binding with cis-regulatory regions in target messenger RNA (mRNA). Polymorphisms in genes encoding miRNAs or in miRNA-mRNA binding sites confer deleterious epigenetic effects on cancer risk. miR-146a has a role in inflammation and may have a role as a tumour suppressor. The polymorphism rs2910164 in the MIR146A gene encoding pre-miR-146a has been implicated in several inflammatory pathologies, including cancers of the breast and thyroid, although evidence for the associations has been conflicting in different populations. We aimed to further investigate the association of this variant with these two cancers in an Irish cohort. METHODS The study group comprised patients with breast cancer (BC), patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and unaffected controls. Germline DNA was extracted from blood or from saliva collected using the DNA Genotek Oragene 575 collection kit, using crystallisation precipitation, and genotyped using TaqMan-based PCR. Data were analysed using SPSS, v22. RESULTS The total study group included 1516 participants. This comprised 1386 Irish participants; 724 unaffected individuals (controls), 523 patients with breast cancer (BC), 136 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and three patients with dual primary breast and thyroid cancer. An additional cohort of 130 patients with DTC from the South of France was also genotyped for the variant. The variant was detected with a minor allele frequency (MAF) of 0.19 in controls, 0.22 in BC and 0.27 and 0.26 in DTC cases from Ireland and France, respectively. The variant was not significantly associated with BC (per allele odds ratio = 1.20 (0.98-1.46), P = 0.07), but was associated with DTC in Irish patients (per allele OR = 1.59 (1.18-2.14), P = 0.002). CONCLUSION The rs2910164 variant in MIR146A is significantly associated with DTC, but is not significantly associated with BC in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P McVeigh
- Discipline of SurgeryLambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - R J Mulligan
- Discipline of SurgeryLambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - U M McVeigh
- Discipline of SurgeryLambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - P W Owens
- Discipline of SurgeryLambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - N Miller
- Discipline of SurgeryLambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - M Bell
- Department of EndocrinologySchool of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - F Sebag
- Department of Endocrine Surgery Centre hospitalo-universitaire de La ConceptionAssistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille UniversitéFaculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - C Guerin
- Department of Endocrine Surgery Centre hospitalo-universitaire de La ConceptionAssistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille UniversitéFaculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - D S Quill
- Discipline of SurgeryLambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - J B Weidhaas
- David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - M J Kerin
- Discipline of SurgeryLambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - A J Lowery
- Discipline of SurgeryLambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
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40
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Zhang S, Hu F, Liang H, Liu Y, Yang J, Zhou W. Association between a miRNA-146a polymorphism and susceptibility to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese patients: A meta-analysis of 8 case-control studies. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186609. [PMID: 29049342 PMCID: PMC5648221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A closer association has been found between the microRNA-146a rs2910164 polymorphism and the risk of head and neck carcinoma in some molecular epidemiological studies. Recently two meta-analyses were performed to explore the relationship between miRNA-146a polymorphisms and the susceptibility of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN); however, they yielded conflicting results in susceptibility regarding ethnic variations. Hence, the present study was performed to explain the relationship between the miRNA-146a rs2910164 polymorphism and the risk of SCCHN development of Chinese patients. We retrieved databases and screened eligible papers up to March 10, 2017 and then we extracted the essential data. The subgroup analyses were also performed based on the tumor site, region, and genotyping means. Crude odds ratios (OR) at 95% confidence intervals (CI) were chosen to describe the strength of the association. As a result, 6 publications were included in our study which involved 8 independent case-control studies. A significant association was found between miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphisms and the risk of SCCHN in Chinese patients according to the overall data [CC+CG vs. GG: OR = 1.13; 95%CI = 1.00-1.29; CC vs. GG: OR = 1.19; 95%CI = 1.03-1.38]. According to the subgroup analysis based on tumor site, the risk of cancer was significantly increased among laryngeal cancer (dominant model: OR = 1.76, 95%CI = 1.26~2.46, P = 0.001; homozygote model: OR = 1.83, 95%CI = 1.25~2.67, P = 0.002) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (homozygote model: OR = 1.41, 95%CI = 1.05~1.90, P = 0.022). In summary, variant alleles of miR-146a rs2910164 alleles may have an association with the increased risk of SCCHN in Chinese patients, and these associations differed based on tumor site. Further studies including a larger sample size will be necessary to clarify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fangling Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongxing Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuanzhou Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianqiang Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wensheng Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- * E-mail:
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Pavel AB, Campbell JD, Liu G, Elashoff D, Dubinett S, Smith K, Whitney D, Lenburg ME, Spira A. Alterations in Bronchial Airway miRNA Expression for Lung Cancer Detection. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 10:651-659. [PMID: 28877936 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-17-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that gene expression alterations in normal-appearing bronchial epithelial cells can serve as a lung cancer detection biomarker in smokers. Given that miRNAs regulate airway gene expression responses to smoking, we evaluated whether miRNA expression is also altered in the bronchial epithelium of smokers with lung cancer. Using epithelial brushings from the mainstem bronchus of patients undergoing bronchoscopy for suspected lung cancer (as part of the AEGIS-1/2 clinical trials), we profiled miRNA expression via small-RNA sequencing from 347 current and former smokers for which gene expression data were also available. Patients were followed for one year postbronchoscopy until a final diagnosis of lung cancer (n = 194) or benign disease (n = 153) was made. Following removal of 6 low-quality samples, we used 138 patients (AEGIS-1) as a discovery set to identify four miRNAs (miR-146a-5p, miR-324-5p, miR-223-3p, and miR-223-5p) that were downregulated in the bronchial airway of lung cancer patients (ANOVA P < 0.002, FDR < 0.2). The expression of these miRNAs is significantly more negatively correlated with the expression of their mRNA targets than with the expression of other nontarget genes (K-S P < 0.05). Furthermore, these mRNA targets are enriched among genes whose expression is elevated in cancer patients (GSEA FDR < 0.001). Finally, we found that the addition of miR-146a-5p to an existing mRNA biomarker for lung cancer significantly improves its performance (AUC) in the 203 samples (AEGIS-1/2) serving an independent test set (DeLong P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that there are miRNAs whose expression is altered in the cytologically normal bronchial epithelium of smokers with lung cancer, and that they may regulate cancer-associated gene expression differences. Cancer Prev Res; 10(11); 651-9. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Pavel
- The Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joshua D Campbell
- The Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gang Liu
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Elashoff
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Steven Dubinett
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kate Smith
- Veracyte, South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Marc E Lenburg
- The Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Avrum Spira
- The Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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Genetic load makes cancer cells more sensitive to common drugs: evidence from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1938. [PMID: 28512298 PMCID: PMC5434051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02178-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations initiate tumors and enable the evolution of drug resistance. The pro-cancer view of mutations is however incomplete, and several studies show that mutational load can reduce tumor fitness. Given its negative effect, genetic load should make tumors more sensitive to anticancer drugs. Here, we test this hypothesis across all major types of cancer from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, which provides genetic and expression data of 496 cell lines together with their response to 24 common anticancer drugs. We found that the efficacy of 9 out of 24 drugs showed significant association with genetic load in a pan-cancer analysis. The associations for some tissue-drug combinations were remarkably strong, with genetic load explaining up to 83% of the variance in the drug response. Overall, the role of genetic load depended on both the drug and the tissue type with 10 tissues being particularly vulnerable to genetic load. We also identified changes in gene expression associated with increased genetic load, which included cell-cycle checkpoints, DNA damage and apoptosis. Our results show that genetic load is an important component of tumor fitness and can predict drug sensitivity. Beyond being a biomarker, genetic load might be a new, unexplored vulnerability of cancer.
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Peta E, Cappellesso R, Masi G, Sinigaglia A, Trevisan M, Grassi A, Di Camillo B, Vassarotto E, Fassina A, Palù G, Barzon L. Down-regulation of microRNA-146a is associated with high-risk human papillomavirus infection and epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression in penile squamous cell carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2017; 61:33-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Fkih M'hamed I, Privat M, Trimeche M, Penault-Llorca F, Bignon YJ, Kenani A. miR-10b, miR-26a, miR-146a And miR-153 Expression in Triple Negative Vs Non Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Potential Biomarkers. Pathol Oncol Res 2017; 23:815-827. [PMID: 28101798 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs composed of 18-25 nucleotides that can post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and have key regulatory roles in cancer, acting as both oncogenes and tumor suppressors. About 1000 genes in humans encode miRNAs, which account for approximately 3% of the human genome, and up to 30% of human protein coding genes may be regulated by miRNAs. The objective of this article is to evaluate the expression profile of four miRNAs previously implicated in triple negative breast cancer: miR-10b, miR-26a, miR-146a and miR-153, and to determine their possible interaction in triple negative and non triple negative breast cancer based on clinical outcome and the expression of BRCA1. 24 triple-negative and 13 non triple negative breast cancer cases, were studied by q-RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of the four studied miRNAs and the BRCA1 protein, respectively. We observed that the BRCA1 protein was absent in 62.5% of the triple negative cases. Besides, the miR-146a and miR-26a were over expressed in triple negative breast cancer. These two miRNAs, miR-10b and miR-153 were significantly associated to lymph node metastases occurrence in triple negative breast carcinoma. All the analyzed microRNAs were not associated with the expression of BRCA1 in our conditions. Our work provides evidence that miR-146a, miR-26a, miR-10b and miR-153 could be defined as biomarkers in triple negative breast cancer to predict lymph node metastases (LNM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Insaf Fkih M'hamed
- Departement of oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, BP 392, 63011, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,EA4677 ERTICA, University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Laboratory of Biochemistry Research unit UR 12ES08 Cell Signaling and Disease, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maud Privat
- Departement of oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, BP 392, 63011, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,EA4677 ERTICA, University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mounir Trimeche
- Department of Pathology, Farhat Hached Hospital, 4000, Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Departement of oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, BP 392, 63011, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,EA4677 ERTICA, University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Abderraouf Kenani
- Laboratory of Biochemistry Research unit UR 12ES08 Cell Signaling and Disease, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Sayeed MA, Bracci M, Lazzarini R, Tomasetti M, Amati M, Lucarini G, Di Primio R, Santarelli L. Use of potential dietary phytochemicals to target miRNA: Promising option for breast cancer prevention and treatment? J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Iguchi T, Nambara S, Masuda T, Komatsu H, Ueda M, Kidogami S, Ogawa Y, Hu Q, Sato K, Saito T, Hirata H, Sakimura S, Uchi R, Hayashi N, Ito S, Eguchi H, Sugimachi K, Maehara Y, Mimori K. miR-146a Polymorphism (rs2910164) Predicts Colorectal Cancer Patients' Susceptibility to Liver Metastasis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165912. [PMID: 27824903 PMCID: PMC5100922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-146a plays important roles in cancer as it directly targets NUMB, an inhibitor of Notch signaling. miR-146a is reportedly regulated by a G>C polymorphism (SNP; rs2910164). This polymorphism affects various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the clinical significance of miR-146a polymorphism in CRC remains unclear. A total of 59 patients with CRC were divided into 2 groups: a CC/CG genotype (n = 32) and a GG genotype (n = 27), based on the miR-146a polymorphism. cDNA microarray analysis was performed using 59 clinical samples. Significantly enriched gene sets in each genotype were extracted using GSEA. We also investigated the association between miR-146a polymorphism and miR-146a, NUMB expression or migratory response in CRC cell lines. The CC/CG genotype was associated with significantly more synchronous liver metastasis (p = 0.007). A heat map of the two genotypes showed that the expression profiles were clearly stratified. GSEA indicated that Notch signaling and JAK/STAT3 signaling were significantly associated with the CC/CG genotype (p = 0.004 and p = 0.023, respectively). CRC cell lines with the pre-miR-146a/C revealed significantly higher miR-146a expression (p = 0.034) and higher NUMB expression and chemotactic activity. In CRC, miR-146a polymorphism is involved in liver metastasis. Identification of this polymorphism could be useful to identify patients with a high risk of liver metastasis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Iguchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Sho Nambara
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Takaaki Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Hisateru Komatsu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Masami Ueda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Shinya Kidogami
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Yushi Ogawa
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Qingjiang Hu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Tomoko Saito
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Hidenari Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Shotaro Sakimura
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Uchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Keishi Sugimachi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812–8582, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874–0838, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Peng F, Xiong L, Tang H, Peng C, Chen J. Regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition through microRNAs: clinical and biological significance of microRNAs in breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14463-14477. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Yang X, Bam M, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. RNA-seq Analysis of δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-treated T Cells Reveals Altered Gene Expression Profiles That Regulate Immune Response and Cell Proliferation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:15460-72. [PMID: 27268054 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.719179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marijuana has drawn significant public attention and concern both for its medicinal and recreational use. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is the main bioactive component in marijuana, has also been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory properties by virtue of its ability to activate cannabinoid receptor-2 (CB-2) expressed on immune cells. In this study, we used RNA-seq to quantify the transcriptomes and transcript variants that are differentially regulated by THC in super antigen-activated lymph node cells and CD4(+) T cells. We found that the expressions of many transcripts were altered by THC in both total lymph node cells and CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, the abundance of many miRNA precursors and long non-coding RNAs was dramatically altered in THC-treated mice. For example, the expression of miR-17/92 cluster and miR-374b/421 cluster was down-regulated by THC. On the other hand miR-146a, which has been shown to induce apoptosis, was up-regulated by THC. Long non-coding RNAs that are expressed from the opposite strand of CD27 and Appbp2 were induced by THC. In addition, THC treatment also caused alternative promoter usage and splicing. The functions of those altered transcripts were mainly related to immune response and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Yang
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29209
| | - Marpe Bam
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29209
| | - Prakash S Nagarkatti
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29209
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29209
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Hawa Z, Haque I, Ghosh A, Banerjee S, Harris L, Banerjee SK. The miRacle in Pancreatic Cancer by miRNAs: Tiny Angels or Devils in Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E809. [PMID: 27240340 PMCID: PMC4926343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with increasing incidence and high mortality. Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment of patients with PDAC. Because of the late presentation of the disease, about 20 percent of patients are candidates for this treatment. The average survival of resected patients is between 12 and 20 months, with a high probability of relapse. Standard chemo and radiation therapies do not offer significant improvement of the survival of these patients. Furthermore, novel treatment options aimed at targeting oncogenes or growth factors in pancreatic cancer have proved unsuccessful. Thereby, identifying new biomarkers that can detect early stages of this disease is of critical importance. Among these biomarkers, microRNAs (miRNAs) have supplied a profitable recourse and become an attractive focus of research in PDAC. MiRNAs regulate many genes involved in the development of PDAC through mRNA degradation or translation inhibition. The possibility of intervention in the molecular mechanisms of miRNAs regulation could begin a new generation of PDAC therapies. This review summarizes the reports describing miRNAs involvement in cellular processes involving pancreatic carcinogenesis and their utility in diagnosis, survival and therapeutic potential in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhair Hawa
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA.
| | - Inamul Haque
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA.
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA.
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA.
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA.
| | - Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA.
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA.
| | - LaCoiya Harris
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA.
| | - Sushanta K Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA.
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA.
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Vohhodina J, Harkin DP, Savage KI. Dual roles of DNA repair enzymes in RNA biology/post-transcriptional control. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2016; 7:604-19. [PMID: 27126972 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite consistent research into the molecular principles of the DNA damage repair pathway for almost two decades, it has only recently been found that RNA metabolism is very tightly related to this pathway, and the two ancient biochemical mechanisms act in alliance to maintain cellular genomic integrity. The close links between these pathways are well exemplified by examining the base excision repair pathway, which is now well known for dual roles of many of its members in DNA repair and RNA surveillance, including APE1, SMUG1, and PARP1. With additional links between these pathways steadily emerging, this review aims to provide a summary of the emerging roles for DNA repair proteins in the post-transcriptional regulation of RNAs. WIREs RNA 2016, 7:604-619. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1353 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jekaterina Vohhodina
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - D Paul Harkin
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Kienan I Savage
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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