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Jia Q, Zhou Y, Song L, Shi X, Jiang X, Tao R, Wang A, Wu Y, Wei Z, Zhang Y, Li X, Lu Y. Baicalin reduces chronic stress-induced breast cancer metastasis via directly targeting β2-adrenergic receptor. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100934. [PMID: 39139999 PMCID: PMC11321295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that stress can substantially facilitate breast cancer metastasis, which can be reduced by nonselective β1/β2-adrenergic receptor (β1/β2-AR) blocker. However, several side effects were identified. Thus, it is extremely warranted to explore more effective and better-tolerated β2-AR blocker. Currently, we demonstrated that baicalin (BA), a major bioactive component of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, could significantly attenuate stress hormones especially epinephrine (Epi)-induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, we identified that β2-AR was a direct target of BA via the drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) combined with mass spectrum assay, and BA photoaffinity probe with pull-down assay, which was further confirmed by a couple of biophysical and biochemical assays. Furthermore, we demonstrated that BA could directly bind to the Phe-193 and Phe-289 of β2-AR, subsequently inhibit cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A-focal adhesion kinase (cAMP-PKA-FAK) pathway, and thus impede epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby hindering the metastatic progression of the chronic stress coupled with syngeneic and xenograft in vivo orthotopic and tail vein mouse model. These findings firstly identify BA as a potential β2-AR inhibitor in the treatment of stress-induced breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yinyin Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ximeng Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruizhi Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Jurenaite N, León-Periñán D, Donath V, Torge S, Jäkel R. SetQuence & SetOmic: Deep set transformers for whole genome and exome tumour analysis. Biosystems 2024; 235:105095. [PMID: 38065399 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In oncology, Deep Learning has shown great potential to personalise tasks such as tumour type classification, based on per-patient omics data-sets. Being high dimensional, incorporation of such data in one model is a challenge, often leading to one-dimensional studies and, therefore, information loss. Instead, we first propose relying on non-fixed sets of whole genome or whole exome variant-associated sequences, which can be used for supervised learning of oncology-relevant tasks by our Set Transformer based Deep Neural Network, SetQuence. We optimise this architecture to improve its efficiency. This allows for exploration of not just coding but also non-coding variants, from large datasets. Second, we extend the model to incorporate these representations together with multiple other sources of omics data in a flexible way with SetOmic. Evaluation, using these representations, shows improved robustness and reduced information loss compared to previous approaches, while still being computationally tractable. By means of Explainable Artificial Intelligence methods, our models are able to recapitulate the biological contribution of highly attributed features in the tumours studied. This validation opens the door to novel directions in multi-faceted genome and exome wide biomarker discovery and personalised treatment among other presently clinically relevant tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neringa Jurenaite
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI), TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Str 46b, Dresden, 01187, Saxony, Germany.
| | - Daniel León-Periñán
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI), TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Str 46b, Dresden, 01187, Saxony, Germany; Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Hannoversche Str. 28, Berlin, 10115, Germany.
| | - Veronika Donath
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI), TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Str 46b, Dresden, 01187, Saxony, Germany.
| | - Sunna Torge
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI), TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Str 46b, Dresden, 01187, Saxony, Germany.
| | - René Jäkel
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI), TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Str 46b, Dresden, 01187, Saxony, Germany.
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Liu XJ, Pang H, Long YQ, Wang JQ, Niu Y, Zhang RG. Pro-inflammatory action of formoterol in human bronchial epithelia. Mol Immunol 2023; 160:95-102. [PMID: 37413911 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the wide usage of β2-adrenoceptor agonists in asthma treatment, they do have side effects such as aggravating inflammation. We previously reported that isoprenaline induced Cl- secretion and IL-6 release via cAMP-dependent pathways in human bronchial epithelia, but the mechanisms underlying the inflammation-aggravation effects of β2-adrenoceptor agonists remain pooly understood. In this study, we investigated formoterol, a more specific β2-adrenoceptor agonist, -mediated signaling pathways involved in the production of IL-6 and IL-8 in 16HBE14o- human bronchial epithelia. The effects of formoterol were detected in the presence of PKA, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 and Src inhibitors. The involvement of β-arrestin2 was determined using siRNA knockdown. Our results indicate that formoterol can induce IL-6 and IL-8 secretion in concentration-dependent manner. The PKA-specific inhibitor, H89, partially inhibited IL-6 release, but not IL-8. Another intracellular cAMP receptor, EPAC, was not involved in either IL-6 or IL-8 release. PD98059 and U0126, two ERK1/2 inhibitors, blocked IL-8 while attenuated IL-6 secretion induced by formoterol. Furthermore, formoterol-induced IL-6 and IL-8 release was attenuated by Src inhibitors, namely dasatinib and PP1, and CFTRinh172, a CFTR inhibitor. In addition, knockdown of β-arrestin2 by siRNA only suppressed IL-8 release when a high concentration of formoterol (1 μM) was used. Taken together, our results suggest that formoterol stimulates IL-6 and IL-8 release which involves PKA/Src/ERK1/2 and/or β-arrestin2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Jian Liu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hao Pang
- First Clinical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu-Qian Long
- First Clinical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ji-Qing Wang
- First Clinical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ya Niu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui-Gang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
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Hany D, Vafeiadou V, Picard D. CRISPR-Cas9 screen reveals a role of purine synthesis for estrogen receptor α activity and tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd3685. [PMID: 37172090 PMCID: PMC10181187 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In breast cancer, resistance to endocrine therapies that target estrogen receptor α (ERα), such as tamoxifen and fulvestrant, remains a major clinical problem. Whether and how ERα+ breast cancers switch from being estrogen-dependent to estrogen-independent remains unclear. With a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen, we identified previously unknown biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of endocrine resistance. We demonstrate that high levels of PAICS, an enzyme involved in the de novo biosynthesis of purines, can shift the balance of ERα activity to be more estrogen-independent and tamoxifen-resistant. We find that this may be due to elevated activities of cAMP-activated protein kinase A and mTOR, kinases known to phosphorylate ERα specifically and to stimulate its activity. Genetic or pharmacological targeting of PAICS sensitizes tamoxifen-resistant cells to tamoxifen. Addition of purines renders them more resistant. On the basis of these findings, we propose the combined targeting of PAICS and ERα as a new, effective, and potentially safe therapeutic regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Hany
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH - 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- On leave from: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria 21311, Egypt
| | - Vasiliki Vafeiadou
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH - 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Didier Picard
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH - 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
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5
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Zhao Y, Su S, Li X. Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein/Parathyroid Hormone Receptor 1 Signaling in Cancer and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071982. [PMID: 37046642 PMCID: PMC10093484 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PTHrP exerts its effects by binding to its receptor, PTH1R, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), activating the downstream cAMP signaling pathway. As an autocrine, paracrine, or intracrine factor, PTHrP has been found to stimulate cancer cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, and promote tumor-induced osteolysis of bone. Despite these findings, attempts to develop PTHrP and PTH1R as drug targets have not produced successful results in the clinic. Nevertheless, the efficacy of blocking PTHrP and PTH1R has been shown in various types of cancer, suggesting its potential for therapeutic applications. In light of these conflicting data, we conducted a comprehensive review of the studies of PTHrP/PTH1R in cancer progression and metastasis and highlighted the strengths and limitations of targeting PTHrP or PTH1R in cancer therapy. This review also offers our perspectives for future research in this field.
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Ren J, Zhang Z, Zong Z, Zhang L, Zhou F. Emerging Implications of Phase Separation in Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202855. [PMID: 36117111 PMCID: PMC9631093 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, biological activities are executed in distinct cellular compartments or organelles. Canonical organelles with membrane-bound structures are well understood. Cells also inherently contain versatile membrane-less organelles (MLOs) that feature liquid or gel-like bodies. A biophysical process termed liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) elucidates how MLOs form through dynamic biomolecule assembly. LLPS-related molecules often have multivalency, which is essential for low-affinity inter- or intra-molecule interactions to trigger phase separation. Accumulating evidence shows that LLPS concentrates and organizes desired molecules or segregates unneeded molecules in cells. Thus, MLOs have tunable functional specificity in response to environmental stimuli and metabolic processes. Aberrant LLPS is widely associated with several hallmarks of cancer, including sustained proliferative signaling, growth suppressor evasion, cell death resistance, telomere maintenance, DNA damage repair, etc. Insights into the molecular mechanisms of LLPS provide new insights into cancer therapeutics. Here, the current understanding of the emerging concepts of LLPS and its involvement in cancer are comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ren
- School of MedicineZhejiang University City CollegeHangzhou215123China
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan450003China
| | - Zhi Zong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Long Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- International Biomed‐X Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Cancer CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhou215123China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- School of MedicineZhejiang University City CollegeHangzhou215123China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
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Svec KV, Howe AK. Protein Kinase A in cellular migration—Niche signaling of a ubiquitous kinase. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:953093. [PMID: 35959460 PMCID: PMC9361040 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.953093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration requires establishment and maintenance of directional polarity, which in turn requires spatial heterogeneity in the regulation of protrusion, retraction, and adhesion. Thus, the signaling proteins that regulate these various structural processes must also be distinctly regulated in subcellular space. Protein Kinase A (PKA) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase involved in innumerable cellular processes. In the context of cell migration, it has a paradoxical role in that global inhibition or activation of PKA inhibits migration. It follows, then, that the subcellular regulation of PKA is key to bringing its proper permissive and restrictive functions to the correct parts of the cell. Proper subcellular regulation of PKA controls not only when and where it is active but also specifies the targets for that activity, allowing the cell to use a single, promiscuous kinase to exert distinct functions within different subcellular niches to facilitate cell movement. In this way, understanding PKA signaling in migration is a study in context and in the elegant coordination of distinct functions of a single protein in a complex cellular process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn V. Svec
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Alan K. Howe
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, V T, United States
- University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- *Correspondence: Alan K. Howe,
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Puri P, Grimmett G, Faraj R, Gibson L, Gilbreath E, Yoder BK. Elevated Protein Kinase A Activity in Stomach Mesenchyme Disrupts Mesenchymal-epithelial Crosstalk and Induces Preneoplasia. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:643-668.e1. [PMID: 35690337 PMCID: PMC9421585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mesenchymal-epithelial crosstalk (MEC) in the stomach is executed by pathways such as bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Mis-regulation of MEC disrupts gastric homeostasis and causes tumorigenesis. Protein Kinase A (PKA) crosstalks with BMP and ERK signaling; however, PKA function(s) in stomach development and homeostasis remains undefined. METHODS We generated a novel Six2-Cre+/-PKAcαRfl/wt (CA-PKA) mouse in which expression of constitutive-active PKAcαR was induced in gastric mesenchyme progenitors. Lineage tracing determined spatiotemporal activity of Six2-Cre in the stomach. For phenotyping CA-PKA mice histological, co-immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, mRNA sequencing, and bioinformatics analyses were performed. RESULTS Lineage tracing showed that Six2-Cre activity in the stomach is restricted to the mesenchymal compartment. CA-PKA mice showed disruption of gastric homeostasis characterized by aberrant mucosal development and epithelial hyperproliferation; ultimately developing multiple features of gastric corpus preneoplasia including decreased parietal cells, mucous cell hyperplasia, spasmolytic peptide expressing metaplasia with intestinal characteristics, and dysplastic and invasive cystic glands. Furthermore, mutant corpus showed marked chronic inflammation characterized by infiltration of lymphocytes and myeloid-derived suppressor cells along with the upregulation of innate and adaptive immune system components. Striking upregulation of inflammatory mediators and STAT3 activation was observed. Mechanistically, we determined there is an activation of ERK1/2 and downregulation of BMP/SMAD signaling characterized by marked upregulation of BMP inhibitor gremlin 1. CONCLUSIONS We report a novel role of PKA signaling in gastric MEC execution and show that PKA activation in the gastric mesenchyme drives preneoplasia by creating a proinflammatory and proproliferative microenvironment associated with the downregulation of BMP/SMAD signaling and activation of ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee, Alabama,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Pawan Puri, DVM, PhD, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine, A310 Patterson Hall, Tuskegee, AL 36088; tel. (334) 724-4486; fax: (334) 727-8177.
| | - Garfield Grimmett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Rawah Faraj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Laurielle Gibson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Ebony Gilbreath
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Bradley K. Yoder
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
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Fujimoto A, Sakakibara A, Numajiri Y, Matsuura K, Kawasaki T, Osaki A, Saeki T. Carney complex with multiple breast tumours including breast cancer: a case report. Oxf Med Case Reports 2022; 2022:omac063. [PMID: 35769184 PMCID: PMC9235021 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carney complex (CNC) is a rare multiple tumour syndrome characterized by cutaneous pigmented lesions, myxoma and endocrine tumours, among others, and is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Protein kinase cAMP-dependent type I regulatory subunit alpha (PRKAR1A) is known to be the responsible gene. Breast myxomatosis and ductal adenoma, which are regarded as benign, are well-known mammary lesions of CNC and are included in the main diagnostic criteria. In this case, a 59-year-old woman with repeated cardiac myxoma was diagnosed with CNC with PRKAR1A mutation. She also had three multiple breast tumours bilaterally: breast cancer, adenomyoepithelioma and intraductal papilloma. In mammary lesions of CNC, attention should be paid to benign lesions, such as breast myxomatosis or ductal adenomas, and the development of breast cancer or breast tumours with malignant potential. Mammary lesions should be aggressively scrutinized and considered for resection, as required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Fujimoto
- Breast Oncology Service , Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama JP 350-1298 , Japan
| | - Ayaka Sakakibara
- Breast Oncology Service , Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama JP 350-1298 , Japan
| | - Yoshiki Numajiri
- Department of Digestive Surgery , IMS Miyoshi General Hospital, Miyoshi, Saitama JP 354-0041 , Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsuura
- Breast Oncology Service , Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama JP 350-1298 , Japan
| | - Tomonori Kawasaki
- Department of Pathology , Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama JP 350-1298 , Japan
| | - Akihiko Osaki
- Breast Oncology Service , Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama JP 350-1298 , Japan
| | - Toshiaki Saeki
- Breast Oncology Service , Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama JP 350-1298 , Japan
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10
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Mehta S, Zhang J. Liquid-liquid phase separation drives cellular function and dysfunction in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:239-252. [PMID: 35149762 PMCID: PMC10036213 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00444-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease of uncontrollably reproducing cells. It is governed by biochemical pathways that have escaped the regulatory bounds of normal homeostatic balance. This balance is maintained through precise spatiotemporal regulation of these pathways. The formation of biomolecular condensates via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has recently emerged as a widespread mechanism underlying the spatiotemporal coordination of biological activities in cells. Biomolecular condensates are widely observed to directly regulate key cellular processes involved in cancer cell pathology, and the dysregulation of LLPS is increasingly implicated as a previously hidden driver of oncogenic activity. In this Perspective, we discuss how LLPS shapes the biochemical landscape of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohum Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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11
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Wang X, Jiang L, Thao K, Sussman C, LaBranche T, Palmer M, Harris P, McKnight GS, Hoeflich K, Schalm S, Torres V. Protein Kinase A Downregulation Delays the Development and Progression of Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:1087-1104. [PMID: 35236775 PMCID: PMC9161799 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021081125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Upregulation of cAMP-dependent and -independent PKA signaling is thought to promote cystogenesis in polycystic kidney disease (PKD). PKA-I regulatory subunit RIα is increased in kidneys of orthologous mouse models. Kidney-specific knockout of RIα upregulates PKA activity, induces cystic disease in wild-type mice, and aggravates it in Pkd1 RC/RC mice. Methods: PKA-I activation or inhibition was compared to EPAC activation or PKA-II inhibition using Pkd1 RC/RC metanephric organ cultures. The effect of constitutive PKA (preferentially PKA-I) downregulation in vivo was ascertained by kidney-specific expression of a dominant negative RIαB allele in Pkd1 RC/RC mice obtained by crossing Prkar1α R1αB/WT, Pkd1 RC/RC, and Pkhd1-Cre mice (C57BL/6 background). The effect of pharmacologic PKA inhibition using a novel, selective PRKACA inhibitor (BLU2864) was tested in mIMCD3 3D cultures, metanephric organ cultures, and Pkd1 RC/RC mice on a C57BL/6 x 129S6/Sv F1 background. Mice were sacrificed at 16 weeks of age. Results: PKA-I activation promoted and inhibition prevented ex vivo P-Ser133 CREB expression and cystogenesis. EPAC activation or PKA-II inhibition had no or only minor effects. BLU2864 inhibited in vitro mIMCD3 cystogenesis and ex vivo P-Ser133 CREB expression and cystogenesis. Genetic downregulation of PKA activity and BLU2864 directly and/or indirectly inhibited many pro-proliferative pathways and were both protective in vivo BLU2864 had no detectable on- or off-target adverse effects. Conclusions: PKA-I is the main PKA isozyme promoting cystogenesis. Direct PKA inhibition may be an effective strategy to treat PKD and other conditions where PKA signaling is upregulated. By acting directly on PKA, the inhibition may be more effective than or substantially increase the efficacy of treatments that only affect PKA activity by lowering cAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Wang
- X Wang, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Li Jiang
- L Jiang, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Ka Thao
- K Thao, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Caroline Sussman
- C Sussman, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | | | | | - Peter Harris
- P Harris, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - G Stanley McKnight
- G McKnight, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Klaus Hoeflich
- K Hoeflich, Blueprint Medicines, Cambridge, United States
| | | | - Vicente Torres
- V Torres, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
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12
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Heitink L, Whittle JR, Vaillant F, Capaldo BD, Dekkers JF, Dawson CA, Milevskiy MJG, Surgenor E, Tsai M, Chen H, Christie M, Chen Y, Smyth GK, Herold MJ, Strasser A, Lindeman GJ, Visvader JE. In vivo genome-editing screen identifies tumor suppressor genes that cooperate with Trp53 loss during mammary tumorigenesis. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:1119-1131. [PMID: 35000262 PMCID: PMC8895454 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that comprises multiple histological and molecular subtypes. To gain insight into mutations that drive breast tumorigenesis, we describe a pipeline for the identification and validation of tumor suppressor genes. Based on an in vivo genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen in Trp53+/– heterozygous mice, we identified tumor suppressor genes that included the scaffold protein Axin1, the protein kinase A regulatory subunit gene Prkar1a, as well as the proof‐of‐concept genes Pten, Nf1, and Trp53 itself. Ex vivo editing of primary mammary epithelial organoids was performed to further interrogate the roles of Axin1 and Prkar1a. Increased proliferation and profound changes in mammary organoid morphology were observed for Axin1/Trp53 and Prkar1a/Trp53 double mutants compared to Pten/Trp53 double mutants. Furthermore, direct in vivo genome editing via intraductal injection of lentiviruses engineered to express dual short‐guide RNAs revealed that mutagenesis of Trp53 and either Prkar1a, Axin1, or Pten markedly accelerated tumor development compared to Trp53‐only mutants. This proof‐of‐principle study highlights the application of in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 editing for uncovering cooperativity between defects in tumor suppressor genes that elicit mammary tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luuk Heitink
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - James R. Whittle
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical OncologyPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneAustralia
| | - François Vaillant
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Bianca D. Capaldo
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Johanna F. Dekkers
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Caleb A. Dawson
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
- Immunology DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
| | - Michael J. G. Milevskiy
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Elliot Surgenor
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
| | - Minhsuang Tsai
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
| | - Huei‐Rong Chen
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
| | - Michael Christie
- Personalised Oncology DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of PathologyThe Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleAustralia
| | - Yunshun Chen
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
- Bioinformatics DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
| | - Gordon K. Smyth
- Bioinformatics DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Marco J. Herold
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
- Blood Cells and Blood Cancer DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
- Blood Cells and Blood Cancer DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
| | - Geoffrey J. Lindeman
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical OncologyPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneAustralia
| | - Jane E. Visvader
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
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13
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Hardy JC, Mehta S, Zhang J. Measuring Spatiotemporal cAMP Dynamics Within an Endogenous Signaling Compartment Using FluoSTEP-ICUE. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2483:351-366. [PMID: 35286687 PMCID: PMC9994038 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2245-2_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
cAMP is a ubiquitous second messenger involved in the regulation of diverse cellular processes. Spatiotemporal regulation of cAMP through compartmentalization within various subcellular microdomains is essential to ensure specific signaling. In the following protocol, we describe a method for directly visualizing signaling dynamics within cAMP microdomains using fluorescent sensors targeted to endogenous proteins (FluoSTEPs). Instead of overexpressing a biosensor-tagged protein of interest to target a microdomain, FluoSTEP Indicator of cAMP using Epac (FluoSTEP-ICUE) utilizes spontaneously complementing split GFP and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to localize a FRET-based cAMP biosensor to an endogenously expressed protein of interest. Utilizing this approach, FluoSTEP-ICUE can be used to measure cAMP levels within endogenous signaling compartments, thus providing a powerful tool for studying the spatiotemporal regulation of cAMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Hardy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sohum Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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14
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Huang Q, Li J, Mo L, Zhao Y. A Novel Risk Signature with Seven Pyroptosis-Related Genes for Prognosis Prediction in Glioma. World Neurosurg 2021; 159:e285-e302. [PMID: 34929369 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicates that pyroptosis is closely linked to the occurrence and progression of cancer. However, the expression and prognostic role of most pyroptosis-related genes in glioma have not been fully elucidated. METHODS Herein, we explored the expression profiles and prognostic value of 33 pyroptosis-related genes in glioma. LASSO regression analysis was then used to construct a risk signature to predict glioma outcomes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. Furthermore, we constructed a nomogram based on independent prognostic factors and performed external validation. Finally, functional enrichment analysis was performed to explore the potential biological role of the pyroptosis-related signature in glioma. RESULTS The expression of most pyroptosis-related genes (31/33) was significantly different between normal brain and glioma tissue. By univariate Cox regression analysis, 24 genes were found to be significantly correlated with glioma overall survival (OS). Subsequently, we constructed a 7-gene risk signature in the TCGA training cohort, which demonstrated good performance in predicting glioma survival through multidatabase validation. Moreover, a nomogram was established based on independent prognostic factors (age, WHO grade, IDH status and signature) and confirmed to be more effective and accurate through internal evaluation and external validation. Finally, functional enrichment analyses suggested that the signature might be related to invasion ability and immune function. CONCLUSIONS The risk signature based on seven pyroptosis-related genes can effectively predict the clinical outcomes of glioma patients. Our study provides novel insights for further understanding the association between pyroptosis-related genes and glioma prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianrong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ligen Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yinnong Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.
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15
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Zhang RG, Niu Y, Pan KW, Pang H, Chen CL, Yip CY, Ko WH. β 2-Adrenoceptor Activation Stimulates IL-6 Production via PKA, ERK1/2, Src, and Beta-Arrestin2 Signaling Pathways in Human Bronchial Epithelia. Lung 2021; 199:619-627. [PMID: 34725715 PMCID: PMC8626360 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-021-00484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective β2-Adrenoceptor agonists are widely used to treat asthma because of their bronchial-dilation effects. We previously reported that isoprenaline, via the apical and basolateral β2-adrenoceptor, induced Cl− secretion by activating cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent pathways in human bronchial epithelia. Despite these results, whether and how the β2-adrenoceptor-mediated cAMP-dependent pathway contributes to pro-inflammatory cytokine release in human bronchial epithelia remains poorly understood. Methods We investigated β2-adrenoceptor-mediated signaling pathways involved in the production of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, in 16HBE14o- human bronchial epithelia. The effects of isoprenaline or formoterol were assessed in the presence of protein kinase A (PKA), exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC), Src, and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 inhibitors. The involvement of β-arrestin2 was examined using siRNA knockdown. Results Isoprenaline and formoterol (both β2 agonists) induced IL-6, but not IL-8, release, which could be inhibited by ICI 118,551 (β2 antagonist). The PKA-specific inhibitor, H89, partially inhibited IL-6 release. Another intracellular cAMP receptor, EPAC, was not involved in IL-6 release. Isoprenaline-mediated IL-6 secretion was attenuated by dasatinib, a Src inhibitor, and PD98059, an ERK1/2 inhibitor. Isoprenaline treatment also led to ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In addition, knockdown of β-arrestin2 by siRNA specifically suppressed cytokine release when a high concentration of isoprenaline (1 mM) was used. Conclusion Our results suggest that activation of the β2-adrenoceptor in 16HBE14o- cells stimulated the PKA/Src/ERK1/2 and/or β-arrestin2 signaling pathways, leading to IL-6 release. Therefore, our data reveal that β2-adrenoceptor signaling plays a role in the immune regulation of human airway epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Gang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ya Niu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ke-Wu Pan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, N.T., China
| | - Hao Pang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chun-Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chung-Yin Yip
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, N.T., China
| | - Wing-Hung Ko
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, N.T., China.
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16
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Mok K, Tsoi H, Man EPS, Leung M, Chau KM, Wong L, Chan W, Chan S, Luk M, Chan JY, Leung JK, Chan YH, Batalha S, Lau V, Siu DC, Lee TK, Gong C, Khoo U. Repurposing hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels as a novel therapy for breast cancer. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e578. [PMID: 34841695 PMCID: PMC8567035 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are members of the voltage-gated cation channel family known to be expressed in the heart and central nervous system. Ivabradine, a small molecule HCN channel-blocker, is FDA-approved for clinical use as a heart rate-reducing agent. We found that HCN2 and HCN3 are overexpressed in breast cancer cells compared with normal breast epithelia, and the high expression of HCN2 and HCN3 is associated with poorer survival in breast cancer patients. Inhibition of HCN by Ivabradine or by RNAi, aborted breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro and suppressed tumour growth in patient-derived tumour xenograft models established from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissues, with no evident side-effects on the mice. Transcriptome-wide analysis showed enrichment for cholesterol metabolism and biosynthesis as well as lipid metabolism pathways associated with ER-stress following Ivabradine treatment. Mechanistic studies confirmed that HCN inhibition leads to ER-stress, in part due to disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis, which subsequently triggered the apoptosis cascade. More importantly, we investigated the synergistic effect of Ivabradine and paclitaxel on TNBC and confirmed that both drugs acted synergistically in vitro through ER-stress to amplify signals for caspase activation. Combination therapy could suppress tumour growth of xenografts at much lower doses for both drugs. In summary, our study identified a new molecular target with potential for being developed into targeted therapy, providing scientific grounds for initiating clinical trials for a new treatment regimen of combining HCN inhibition with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka‐Chun Mok
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Ho Tsoi
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Ellen PS Man
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Man‐Hong Leung
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Ka Man Chau
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Lai‐San Wong
- Department of Clinical OncologyQueen Mary HospitalHong KongHong Kong
| | - Wing‐Lok Chan
- Department of Clinical OncologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Sum‐Yin Chan
- Department of Clinical OncologyQueen Mary HospitalHong KongHong Kong
| | - Mai‐Yee Luk
- Department of Clinical OncologyQueen Mary HospitalHong KongHong Kong
| | - Jessie Y.W. Chan
- Department of SurgeryPamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong KongHong Kong
| | - Jackie K.M. Leung
- Department of SurgeryPamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong KongHong Kong
| | | | - Sellma Batalha
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Virginia Lau
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - David C.W. Siu
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Terence K.W. Lee
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongHong Kong
| | - Chun Gong
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Ui‐Soon Khoo
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
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17
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Byun JA, VanSchouwen B, Parikh N, Akimoto M, McNicholl ET, Melacini G. State-selective frustration as a key driver of allosteric pluripotency. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11565-11575. [PMID: 34667558 PMCID: PMC8447923 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01753e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allosteric pluripotency arises when an allosteric effector switches from agonist to antagonist depending on the experimental conditions. For example, the Rp-cAMPS ligand of Protein Kinase A (PKA) switches from agonist to antagonist as the MgATP concentration increases and/or the kinase substrate affinity or concentration decreases. Understanding allosteric pluripotency is essential to design effective allosteric therapeutics with minimal side effects. Allosteric pluripotency of PKA arises from divergent allosteric responses of two homologous tandem cAMP-binding domains, resulting in a free energy landscape for the Rp-cAMPS-bound PKA regulatory subunit R1a in which the ground state is kinase inhibition-incompetent and the kinase inhibition-competent state is excited. The magnitude of the free energy difference between the ground non-inhibitory and excited inhibitory states (ΔGR,Gap) relative to the effective free energy of R1a binding to the catalytic subunit of PKA (ΔGR:C) dictates whether the antagonism-to-agonism switch occurs. However, the key drivers of ΔGR,Gap are not fully understood. Here, by analyzing an R1a mutant that selectively silences allosteric pluripotency, we show that a major determinant of ΔGR,Gap unexpectedly arises from state-selective frustration in the ground inhibition-incompetent state of Rp-cAMPS-bound R1a. Such frustration is caused by steric clashes between the phosphate-binding cassette and the helices preceding the lid, which interact with the phosphate and base of Rp-cAMPS, respectively. These clashes are absent in the excited inhibitory state, thus reducing the ΔGR,Gap to values comparable to ΔGR:C, as needed for allosteric pluripotency to occur. The resulting model of allosteric pluripotency is anticipated to assist the design of effective allosteric modulators. The Rp-cAMPS ligand of protein kinase A switches from agonist to antagonist depending on metabolite and proteomic contexts. We show that the state-selective frustration is a key driver of this allosteric pluripotency phenomenon.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ah Byun
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Bryan VanSchouwen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Nishi Parikh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Madoka Akimoto
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Eric Tyler McNicholl
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Giuseppe Melacini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada .,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
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18
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Wang K, Chen X, Zuyi W, Chen L, Fu W. Lysosome Fe 2+ release is responsible for etoposide- and cisplatin-induced stemness of small cell lung cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1654-1663. [PMID: 33969609 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron metabolism has been shown to hand over cancer stem cell, which is regarded as the root of tumor progression, recurrence and chemoresistance. This study aims to explore whether iron metabolism is involved in etoposide- and cisplatin-induced stemness in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Here, analysis on tumor-sphere formation and stemness marker expression is performed to determine whether etoposide and cisplatin can induce SCLC cell stemness. Online dataset analysis is constructed to determine the correlation between iron transportation and the survival of lung cancer patients. Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with rescuing experiments are carried out to reveal the underlying mechanisms. Additionally, the non-lethal doses of etoposide and cisplatin can induce SCLC cell stemness in a concentration-dependent manner and reduce the lysosome iron concentration dependent on Ferritin expression, which is positively regulated by HIF-1α/β. Moreover, HIF-1α/β can directly bind to Ferritin promoter region. This HIF/Ferritin axis is responsible for etoposide- and cisplatin-induced iron reduction in lysosomes and stemness of SCLC cells. This work demonstrates that iron in lysosomes is essential for etoposide and cisplatin-induced stemness of SCLC cells, which is regulated by the HIF/Ferritin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangwu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Wang Zuyi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Liucheng Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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19
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Martin TJ, Sims NA, Seeman E. Physiological and Pharmacological Roles of PTH and PTHrP in Bone Using Their Shared Receptor, PTH1R. Endocr Rev 2021; 42:383-406. [PMID: 33564837 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the paracrine factor, PTH-related protein (PTHrP), have preserved in evolution sufficient identities in their amino-terminal domains to share equivalent actions upon a common G protein-coupled receptor, PTH1R, that predominantly uses the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A signaling pathway. Such a relationship between a hormone and local factor poses questions about how their common receptor mediates pharmacological and physiological actions of the two. Mouse genetic studies show that PTHrP is essential for endochondral bone lengthening in the fetus and is essential for bone remodeling. In contrast, the main postnatal function of PTH is hormonal control of calcium homeostasis, with no evidence that PTHrP contributes. Pharmacologically, amino-terminal PTH and PTHrP peptides (teriparatide and abaloparatide) promote bone formation when administered by intermittent (daily) injection. This anabolic effect is remodeling-based with a lesser contribution from modeling. The apparent lesser potency of PTHrP than PTH peptides as skeletal anabolic agents could be explained by lesser bioavailability to PTH1R. By contrast, prolongation of PTH1R stimulation by excessive dosing or infusion, converts the response to a predominantly resorptive one by stimulating osteoclast formation. Physiologically, locally generated PTHrP is better equipped than the circulating hormone to regulate bone remodeling, which occurs asynchronously at widely distributed sites throughout the skeleton where it is needed to replace old or damaged bone. While it remains possible that PTH, circulating within a narrow concentration range, could contribute in some way to remodeling and modeling, its main physiological role is in regulating calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T John Martin
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie A Sims
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ego Seeman
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine at Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Abdulkareem NM, Bhat R, Qin L, Vasaikar S, Gopinathan A, Mitchell T, Shea MJ, Nanda S, Thangavel H, Zhang B, De Angelis C, Schiff R, Trivedi MV. A novel role of ADGRF1 (GPR110) in promoting cellular quiescence and chemoresistance in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21719. [PMID: 34110646 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100070r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
While G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are known to be excellent drug targets, the second largest family of adhesion-GPCRs is less explored for their role in health and disease. ADGRF1 (GPR110) is an adhesion-GPCR and has an important function in neurodevelopment and cancer. Despite serving as a poor predictor of survival, ADGRF1's coupling to G proteins and downstream pathways remain unknown in cancer. We evaluated the effects of ADGRF1 overexpression on tumorigenesis and signaling pathways using two human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC) cell-line models. We also interrogated publicly available clinical datasets to determine the expression of ADGRF1 in various BC subtypes and its impact on BC-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) in patients. ADGRF1 overexpression in HER2+ BC cells increased secondary mammosphere formation, soft agar colony formation, and % of Aldefluor-positive tumorigenic population in vitro and promoted tumor growth in vivo. ADGRF1 co-immunoprecipitated with both Gαs and Gαq proteins and increased cAMP and IP1 when overexpressed. However, inhibition of only the Gαs pathway by SQ22536 reversed the pro-tumorigenic effects of ADGRF1 overexpression. RNA-sequencing and RPPA analysis revealed inhibition of cell cycle pathways with ADGRF1 overexpression, suggesting cellular quiescence, as also evidenced by cell cycle arrest at the G0/1 phase and resistance to chemotherapy in HER2+ BC. ADGRF1 was significantly overexpressed in the HER2-enriched BC compared to luminal A and B subtypes and predicted worse BCSS and OS in these patients. Therefore, ADGRF1 represents a novel drug target in HER2+ BC, warranting discovery of novel ADGRF1 antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Mazin Abdulkareem
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Raksha Bhat
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lanfang Qin
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suhas Vasaikar
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ambily Gopinathan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tamika Mitchell
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Martin J Shea
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarmistha Nanda
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hariprasad Thangavel
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rachel Schiff
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Meghana V Trivedi
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA.,Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Carcinoma Versus Conventional Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical-Pathological Features, Outcomes, and Molecular Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136756. [PMID: 34201897 PMCID: PMC8268881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are common and one of the main precursor lesions of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC derived from an IPMN is called intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) and defines a subgroup of patients with ill-defined specificities. As compared to conventional PDAC, IPMCs have been associated to clinical particularities and favorable pathological features, as well as debated outcomes. However, IPMNs and IPMCs include distinct subtypes of precursor (gastric, pancreato-biliary, intestinal) and invasive (tubular, colloid) lesions, also associated to specific characteristics. Notably, consistent data have shown intestinal IPMNs and associated colloid carcinomas, defining the “intestinal pathway”, to be associated with less aggressive features. Genomic specificities have also been uncovered, such as mutations of the GNAS gene, and recent data provide more insights into the mechanisms involved in IPMCs carcinogenesis. This review synthetizes available data on clinical-pathological features and outcomes associated with IPMCs and their subtypes. We also describe known genomic hallmarks of these lesions and summarize the latest data about molecular processes involved in IPMNs initiation and progression to IPMCs. Finally, potential implications for clinical practice and future research strategies are discussed.
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22
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Saidy B, Kotecha S, Butler A, Rakha EA, Ellis IO, Green AR, Martin SG, Storr SJ. PP1, PKA and DARPP-32 in breast cancer: A retrospective assessment of protein and mRNA expression. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5015-5024. [PMID: 33991172 PMCID: PMC8178272 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP–dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) are proteins involved in numerous essential signalling pathways that modulate physiological and pathological functions. Both PP1 and PKA can be inhibited by dopamine‐ and cAMP‐regulated phosphoprotein 32 kD (DARPP‐32). Using immunohistochemistry, PKA and PP1 expression was determined in a large primary breast tumour cohort to evaluate associations between clinical outcome and clinicopathological criteria (n > 1100). In addition, mRNA expression of PKA and PP1 subunits was assessed in the METABRIC data set (n = 1980). Low protein expression of PKA was significantly associated with adverse survival of breast cancer patients; interestingly, this relationship was stronger in ER‐positive breast cancer patients. PP1 protein expression was not associated with patient survival. PKA and PP1 subunit mRNA was also assessed; PPP1CA, PRKACG and PRKAR1B were associated with breast cancer–specific survival. In patients with high expression of DARPP‐32, low expression of PP1 was associated with adverse survival when compared to high expression in the same group. PKA expression and PP1 expression are of significant interest in cancer as they are involved in a wide array of cellular processes, and these data indicate PKA and PP1 may play an important role in patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Saidy
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shreeya Kotecha
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anna Butler
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew R Green
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stewart G Martin
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sarah J Storr
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
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23
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Potential therapeutic applications of AKAP disrupting peptides. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:3259-3282. [PMID: 33346357 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/PKA pathway represents a major target for pharmacological intervention in multiple disease conditions. Although the last decade saw the concept of highly compartmentalized cAMP/PKA signaling consolidating, current means for the manipulation of this pathway still do not allow to specifically intervene on discrete cAMP/PKA microdomains. Since compartmentalization is crucial for action specificity, identifying new tools that allow local modulation of cAMP/PKA responses is an urgent need. Among key players of cAMP/PKA signaling compartmentalization, a major role is played by A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) that, by definition, anchor PKA, its substrates and its regulators within multiprotein complexes in well-confined subcellular compartments. Different tools have been conceived to interfere with AKAP-based protein-protein interactions (PPIs), and these primarily include peptides and peptidomimetics that disrupt AKAP-directed multiprotein complexes. While these molecules have been extensively used to understand the molecular mechanisms behind AKAP function in pathophysiological processes, less attention has been devoted to their potential application for therapy. In this review, we will discuss how AKAP-based PPIs can be pharmacologically targeted by synthetic peptides and peptidomimetics.
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24
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Vogel CFA, Lazennec G, Kado SY, Dahlem C, He Y, Castaneda A, Ishihara Y, Vogeley C, Rossi A, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Jugan J, Mori H, Borowsky AD, La Merrill MA, Sweeney C. Targeting the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer Development. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625346. [PMID: 33763068 PMCID: PMC7982668 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) through environmental exposure to known human carcinogens including dioxins can lead to the promotion of breast cancer. While the repressor protein of the AhR (AhRR) blocks the canonical AhR pathway, the function of AhRR in the development of breast cancer is not well-known. In the current study we examined the impact of suppressing AhR activity using its dedicated repressor protein AhRR. AhRR is a putative tumor suppressor and is silenced in several cancer types, including breast, where its loss correlates with shorter patient survival. Using the AhRR transgenic mouse, we demonstrate that AhRR overexpression opposes AhR-driven and inflammation-induced growth of mammary tumors in two different murine models of breast cancer. These include a syngeneic model using E0771 mammary tumor cells as well as the Polyoma Middle T antigen (PyMT) transgenic model. Further AhRR overexpression or knockout of AhR in human breast cancer cells enhanced apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutics and inhibited the growth of mouse mammary tumor cells. This study provides the first in vivo evidence that AhRR suppresses mammary tumor development and suggests that strategies which lead to its functional restoration and expression may have therapeutic benefit.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming/genetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Etoposide/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- MCF-7 Cells
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Time Factors
- Tumor Burden
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph F. A. Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Sarah Y. Kado
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Carla Dahlem
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yi He
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Alejandro Castaneda
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Christian Vogeley
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Juliann Jugan
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Hidetoshi Mori
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Alexander D. Borowsky
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Michele A. La Merrill
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Colleen Sweeney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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25
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Farnoosh G, Saeedi-Boroujeni A, Jalali A, Keikhaei B, Mahmoudian-Sani MR. Polymorphisms in genes involved in breast cancer among Iranian patients. Per Med 2021; 18:153-169. [PMID: 33565318 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2020-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review gives a summary of the important genetic polymorphisms in breast cancer with a focus on people in Iran. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms were considered as breast cancer susceptibility polymorphisms within genes (STK15, ERRs, ESR1, p53, SEP15, AURKA, SHBG, SRC, FAS, VEGF, XRCC1, GST, NFκB1, XPC, XRCC3, sirtuin-3, NKG2D). Cytosine-adenine repeat (IGF-I), rs3877899, G-2548A, GGC (eRF3a/GSPT1), IVS2nt-124A/G have shown an increased risk of breast cancers and a decreased risk has been observed in 4G/5G (PAI-1), rs6505162, tri-nucleotide (GCG TGFBR1). We observed that the signaling pathways and antioxidant related genes are the main molecular processes associated with breast cancer progression. Further studies on types of polymorphisms in breast cancer could validate the prognostic value of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Farnoosh
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Immunology Today, Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Jalali
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Genetics, School of Medicine Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
| | - Bijan Keikhaei
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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26
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Sun S, Gresham D. Cellular quiescence in budding yeast. Yeast 2021; 38:12-29. [PMID: 33350503 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular quiescence, the temporary and reversible exit from proliferative growth, is the predominant state of all cells. However, our understanding of the biological processes and molecular mechanisms that underlie cell quiescence remains incomplete. As with the mitotic cell cycle, budding and fission yeast are preeminent model systems for studying cellular quiescence owing to their rich experimental toolboxes and the evolutionary conservation across eukaryotes of pathways and processes that control quiescence. Here, we review current knowledge of cell quiescence in budding yeast and how it pertains to cellular quiescence in other organisms, including multicellular animals. Quiescence entails large-scale remodeling of virtually every cellular process, organelle, gene expression, and metabolic state that is executed dynamically as cells undergo the initiation, maintenance, and exit from quiescence. We review these major transitions, our current understanding of their molecular bases, and highlight unresolved questions. We summarize the primary methods employed for quiescence studies in yeast and discuss their relative merits. Understanding cell quiescence has important consequences for human disease as quiescent single-celled microbes are notoriously difficult to kill and quiescent human cells play important roles in diseases such as cancer. We argue that research on cellular quiescence will be accelerated through the adoption of common criteria, and methods, for defining cell quiescence. An integrated approach to studying cell quiescence, and a focus on the behavior of individual cells, will yield new insights into the pathways and processes that underlie cell quiescence leading to a more complete understanding of the life cycle of cells. TAKE AWAY: Quiescent cells are viable cells that have reversibly exited the cell cycle Quiescence is induced in response to a variety of nutrient starvation signals Quiescence is executed dynamically through three phases: initiation, maintenance, and exit Quiescence entails large-scale remodeling of gene expression, organelles, and metabolism Single-cell approaches are required to address heterogeneity among quiescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Sun
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA.,Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA
| | - David Gresham
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA.,Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA
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27
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Glucose deprivation affects the expression of genes encoding cAMP-activated protein kinase and related proteins in U87 glioma cells in ERN1 dependent manner. Endocr Regul 2020; 54:244-254. [PMID: 33885249 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2020-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this investigation was to study the expression of genes encoding cAMP-activated protein kinase catalytic and regulatory A subunits (PRKACA and PRKAR1A) and related proteins such as cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitors A and G (PKIA and PKIG), catalytic subunit A of protein phosphatase 3 (PPP3CA), A-kinase anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12), and praja ring finger ubiquitin ligase 2 (PJA2) in U87 glioma cells in response to glucose deprivation in both control U87 glioma cells and cells with ERN1 (endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1) knockdown, the major pathway of the endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling, for evaluation of possible significance of glucose deprivation in ERN1 dependent regulation of glioma growth.Methods. The expression level of PRKA related genes was studied in control (transfected by vector) and ERN1 knockdown U87 glioma cells under glucose deprivation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results. It was shown that the expression level of PRKACA and PKIA genes was down-regulated in control glioma cells treated by glucose deprivation, but PJA2 gene was up-regulated. At the same time, the expression of four other genes (PRKAR1A, PKIG, AKAP12, and PPP3CA) was resistant to this experimental condition. Furthermore, ERN1 knockdown of glioma cells significantly modified the effect glucose deprivation on the expression almost all studied genes. Thus, treatment of glioma cells with inhibited ERN1 enzymatic activity by glucose deprivation lead to a more significant down-regulation of the expression level of PKIA and to suppression PRKAR1A gene expressions. Moreover, the ERN1 knockdown introduced up-regulation of PKIG and AKAP12 gene expressions in glioma cells treated by glucose deprivation and eliminated the sensitivity of PJA2 gene to this experimental condition.Conclusions. Results of this investigation demonstrated that ERN1 knockdown significantly modified the sensitivity of most studied PRKA related gene expressions to glucose deprivation and that these changes are a result of complex interactions of variable endoplasmic reticulum stress related and unrelated regulatory factors and contributed to the suppression of glioma cell proliferation and their possibly chemoresistance.
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28
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Ognjenovic NB, Bagheri M, Mohamed GA, Xu K, Chen Y, Mohamed Saleem MA, Brown MS, Nagaraj SH, Muller KE, Gerber SA, Christensen BC, Pattabiraman DR. Limiting Self-Renewal of the Basal Compartment by PKA Activation Induces Differentiation and Alters the Evolution of Mammary Tumors. Dev Cell 2020; 55:544-557.e6. [PMID: 33120014 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation therapy utilizes our understanding of the hierarchy of cellular systems to pharmacologically induce a shift toward terminal commitment. While this approach has been a paradigm in treating certain hematological malignancies, efforts to translate this success to solid tumors have met with limited success. Mammary-specific activation of PKA in mouse models leads to aberrant differentiation and diminished self-renewing potential of the basal compartment, which harbors mammary repopulating cells. PKA activation results in tumors that are more benign, exhibiting reduced metastatic propensity, loss of tumor-initiating potential, and increased sensitivity to chemotherapy. Analysis of tumor histopathology revealed features of overt differentiation with papillary characteristics. Longitudinal single-cell profiling at the hyperplasia and tumor stages uncovered an altered path of tumor evolution whereby PKA curtails the emergence of aggressive subpopulations. Acting through the repression of SOX4, PKA activation promotes tumor differentiation and represents a possible adjuvant to chemotherapy for certain breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena B Ognjenovic
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Meisam Bagheri
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Gadisti Aisha Mohamed
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Ke Xu
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Youdinghuan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | | | - Meredith S Brown
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Shivashankar H Nagaraj
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kristen E Muller
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Scott A Gerber
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Brock C Christensen
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Diwakar R Pattabiraman
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
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29
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Yang H, Holowko N, Grassmann F, Eriksson M, Hall P, Czene K. Hyperthyroidism is associated with breast cancer risk and mammographic and genetic risk predictors. BMC Med 2020; 18:225. [PMID: 32838791 PMCID: PMC7446157 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01690-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the biological link between thyroid hormones and breast cancer cell proliferation shown in experimental studies, little is known about the association between hyperthyroidism and breast cancer, as well as its association with the most common mammographic and genetic risk predictors for breast cancer. METHODS This study estimates the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of breast cancer among women diagnosed with hyperthyroidism, compared to those who are not, using two cohorts: a Swedish national cohort of the general female population (n = 3,793,492, 2002-2011) and the Karolinska Mammography Project for Risk Prediction of Breast Cancer (KARMA, n = 69,598, 2002-2017). We used logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of hyperthyroidism according to the mammographic and genetic risk predictors for breast cancer. RESULTS An increased risk of breast cancer was observed in patients in the national cohort with hyperthyroidism (IRR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.12-1.36), particularly for toxic nodular goiter (IRR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.16-1.63). Hyperthyroidism was associated with higher body mass index, early age at first birth, and lower breastfeeding duration. Higher mammographic density was observed in women with toxic nodular goiter, compared to women without hyperthyroidism. Additionally, among genotyped women without breast cancer in the KARMA cohort (N = 11,991), hyperthyroidism was associated with a high polygenic risk score (PRS) for breast cancer overall (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.09-3.60) and for estrogen receptor-positive specific PRS (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.04-3.43). CONCLUSION Hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, particularly for patients with toxic nodular goiter. The association could be explained by higher mammographic density among these women, as well as pleiotropic genetic variants determining shared hormonal/endocrine factors leading to the pathology of both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haomin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xuefu North Road 1, University Town, Fuzhou, 350122 China
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Holowko
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Grassmann
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, South General Hospital, SE-11883 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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30
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Parker MI, Nikonova AS, Sun D, Golemis EA. Proliferative signaling by ERBB proteins and RAF/MEK/ERK effectors in polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2019; 67:109497. [PMID: 31830556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A primary pathological feature of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the hyperproliferation of epithelial cells in renal tubules, resulting in formation of fluid-filled cysts. The proliferative aspects of the two major forms of PKD-autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD), which arises from mutations in the polycystins PKD1 and PKD2, and autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD), which arises from mutations in PKHD1-has encouraged investigation into protein components of the core cell proliferative machinery as potential drivers of PKD pathogenesis. In this review, we examine the role of signaling by ERBB proteins and their effectors, with a primary focus on ADPKD. The ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (EGFR/ERBB1, HER2/ERBB2, ERBB3, and ERBB4) are activated by extracellular ligands, inducing multiple pro-growth signaling cascades; among these, activation of signaling through the RAS GTPase, and the RAF, MEK1/2, and ERK1/2 kinases enhance cell proliferation and restrict apoptosis during renal tubuloepithelial cyst formation. Characteristics of PKD include overexpression and mislocalization of the ERBB receptors and ligands, leading to enhanced activation and increased activity of downstream signaling proteins. The altered regulation of ERBBs and their effectors in PKD is influenced by enhanced activity of SRC kinase, which is promoted by the loss of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and an increase in cAMP-dependent PKA kinase activity that stimulates CFTR, driving the secretory phenotype of ADPKD. We discuss the interplay between ERBB/SRC signaling, and polycystins and their depending signaling, with emphasis on thes changes that affect cell proliferation in cyst expansion, as well as the inflammation-associated fibrogenesis, which characterizes progressive disease. We summarize the current progress of preclinical and clinical trials directed at inhibiting this signaling axis, and discuss potential future strategies that may be productive for controlling PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell I Parker
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 19111, USA; Molecular & Cell Biology & Genetics (MCBG) Program, Drexel University College of Medicine, 19102, USA
| | - Anna S Nikonova
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 19111, USA
| | - Danlin Sun
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 19111, USA; Institute of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Erica A Golemis
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 19111, USA.
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31
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Li X, Wang F, Ren M, Du M, Zhou J. The effects of c-Src kinase on EMT signaling pathway in human lens epithelial cells associated with lens diseases. BMC Ophthalmol 2019; 19:219. [PMID: 31703690 PMCID: PMC6842207 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-019-1229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The signaling pathway of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is regulated by c-Src kinase in many cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of c-Src kinase on EMT of human lens epithelial cells in vivo stimulated by different factors. Methods Human lens epithelial cells, HLE-B3, were exposed to either an inflammatory factor, specifically IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α or IL-1β, at 10 ng/mL or high glucose (35.5 mM) for 30 mins. Activity of c-Src kinase was evaluated by the expression of p-Src418 with western blot assay. To investigate the effects of activation of c-Src on EMT, HLE-B3 cells were transfected with pCDNA3.1-SrcY530F to upregulate activity of c-Src kinase, and pSlience4.1-ShSrc to knock it down. The expressions of c-Src kinase and molecular markers of EMT such as E-cadherin, ZO-1, α-SMA, and Vimentin were examined at 48 h by RT-PCR and western blot. At 48 h and 72 h of transfection, cell proliferation was detected by MTT, and cell mobility and migration were determined by scratch and transwell assays. Results Activity of c-Src kinase, which causes the expression of p-Src418, was upregulated by different inflammatory factors and high glucose in HLE-B3 cells. When HLE-B3 cells were transfected with pCDNA3.1-SrcY530F, the expression of c-Src kinase was upregulated on both mRNA and protein levels, and activity of c-Src kinase, expression of p-Src418 increased. The expressions of both E-cadherin and ZO-1 were suppressed, while the expressions of vimentin and α-SMA were elevated on both mRNA and protein levels at the same time. Cell proliferation, mobility and migration increased along with activation of c-Src kinase. Conversely, when HLE-B3 cells were transfected with pSlience4.1-ShSrc, both c-Src kinase and p-Src418 expressions were knocked down. The expressions of E-cadherin and ZO-1 increased, but the expressions of Vimentin and α-SMA decreased; meanwhile, cell proliferation, mobility and migration reduced. Conclusions The c-Src kinase in lens epithelial cells is easily activated by external stimuli, resulting in the induction of cell proliferation, mobility, migration and EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meixia Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minjuan Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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Tonucci FM, Almada E, Borini-Etichetti C, Pariani A, Hidalgo F, Rico MJ, Girardini J, Favre C, Goldenring JR, Menacho-Marquez M, Larocca MC. Identification of a CIP4 PKA phosphorylation site involved in the regulation of cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. Cancer Lett 2019; 461:65-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Yang F, Xie HY, Yang LF, Zhang L, Zhang FL, Liu HY, Li DQ, Shao ZM. Stabilization of MORC2 by estrogen and antiestrogens through GPER1- PRKACA-CMA pathway contributes to estrogen-induced proliferation and endocrine resistance of breast cancer cells. Autophagy 2019; 16:1061-1076. [PMID: 32401166 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1659609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of estrogen signaling through three ESR (estrogen receptor) subtypes, termed ESR1/ERα, ESR2/ERβ, and GPER1 (G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1), is implicated in breast cancer pathogenesis and progression. Antiestrogens tamoxifen (TAM) and fulvestrant (FUL) are effective for treatment of ESR1-positive breast tumors, but development of resistance represents a major clinical challenge. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these events remain largely unknown. Here, we report that 17β-estradiol (E2), TAM, and FUL stabilize MORC2 (MORC family CW-type zinc finger 2), an emerging oncoprotein in human cancer, in a GPER1-dependent manner. Mechanistically, GPER1 activates PRKACA (protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha), which in turn phosphorylates MORC2 at threonine 582 (T582). Phosphorylated MORC2 decreases its interaction with HSPA8 (heat shock protein family A [Hsp70] member 8) and LAMP2A (lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A), two core components of the chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) machinery, thus protecting MORC2 from lysosomal degradation by CMA. Functionally, knockdown of MORC2 attenuates E2-induced cell proliferation and enhances cellular sensitivity to TAM and FUL. Moreover, introduction of wild-type MORC2, but not its phosphorylation-lacking mutant (T582A), in MORC2-depleted cells restores resistance to antiestrogens. Clinically, the phosphorylation levels of MORC2 at T582 are elevated in breast tumors from patients undergoing recurrence after TAM treatment. Together, these findings delineate a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism for MORC2 stabilization in response to estrogen and antiestrogens via blocking CMA-mediated lysosomal degradation and uncover a dual role for MORC2 in both estrogen-induced proliferation and resistance to antiestrogen therapies of breast cancer cells. ABBREVIATIONS 4-OHT: 4-hydroxytamoxifen; Baf A1: bafilomycin A1; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; E2: 17β-estradiol; ESR: estrogen receptor; FUL: fulvestrant; GPER1: G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1; HSPA8: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8; LAMP2A: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A; MORC2: MORC family CW-type zinc finger 2; PRKACA: protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha; TAM: tamoxifen; VCL: vinculin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yan Xie
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Feng Yang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Lin Zhang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yi Liu
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
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Le HT, Atif J, Mara DL, Castellana B, Treissman J, Baltayeva J, Beristain AG. ADAM8 localizes to extravillous trophoblasts within the maternal-fetal interface and potentiates trophoblast cell line migration through a β1 integrin-mediated mechanism. Mol Hum Reprod 2019; 24:495-509. [PMID: 30124911 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gay034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase 8 (ADAM8) control extravillous trophoblast (EVT) differentiation and migration in early human placental development? SUMMARY ANSWER ADAM8 mRNA preferentially localizes to invasive HLA-G-positive trophoblasts, associates with the acquirement of an EVT phenotype and promotes trophoblast migration through a mechanism requiring β1-integrin. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Placental establishment in the first trimester of pregnancy requires the differentiation of progenitor trophoblasts into invasive EVTs that produce a diverse repertoire of proteases that facilitate matrix remodeling and activation of signaling pathways important in controlling cell migration. While multiple ADAM proteases, including ADAM8, are highly expressed by invasive trophoblasts, the role of ADAM8 in controlling EVT-related processes is unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION First trimester placental villi and decidua (6-12 weeks' gestation), primary trophoblasts and trophoblastic cell lines (JEG3, JAR, Bewo, HTR8/SVNeo) were used to examine ADAM8 expression, localization and function. All experiments were performed on at least three independent occasions (n = 3). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Placental villi and primary trophoblasts derived from IRB approved first trimester placental (n = 24) and decidual (n = 4) were used to examine ADAM8 localization and expression by in situ RNAScope hybridization, flow cytometry, quantitative PCR and immunoblot analyses. Primary trophoblasts were differentiated into EVT-like cells by plating on fibronectin and were assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblot analysis of keratin-7, vimentin, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HLA-G and ADAM8. ADAM8 function was examined in primary EVTs and trophoblastic cell lines utilizing siRNA-directed silencing and over-expression strategies. Trophoblast migration was assessed using Transwell chambers, cell-matrix binding was tested using fibronectin-adhesion assays, and ADAM8-β1-integrin interactions were determined by immunofluorescence microscopy, co-immunoprecipitation experiments and function-promoting/inhibiting antibodies. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Within first trimester placental tissues, ADAM8 preferentially localized to HLA-G+ trophoblasts residing within anchoring columns and decidua. Functional experiments in primary trophoblasts and trophoblastic cell lines show that ADAM8 promotes trophoblast migration through a mechanism independent of intrinsic protease activity. We show that ADAM8 localizes to peri-nuclear and cell-membrane actin-rich structures during cell-matrix attachment and promotes trophoblast binding to fibronectin matrix. Moreover, ADAM8 potentiates β1-integrin activation and promotes cell migration through a mechanism dependent on β1-integrin function. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The primary limitation of this study was the use of in vitro experiments in examining ADAM8 function, as well as the implementation of immortalized trophoblastic cell lines. Histological localization of ADAM8 within placental and decidual tissue sections was limited to mRNA level analysis. Further, patient information corresponding to tissues obtained by elective terminations was not available. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The novel non-proteolytic pro-migratory role for ADAM8 in controlling trophoblast migration revealed by this study sheds insight into the importance of ADAM8 in EVT biology and placental development. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC-Discovery Grant) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR-Open Operating Grant). There are no conflicts or competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Le
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Suite 930, 1125 Howe Street, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J Atif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Suite 930, 1125 Howe Street, Vancouver, Canada
| | - D L Mara
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, Canada
| | - B Castellana
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Suite 930, 1125 Howe Street, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J Treissman
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Suite 930, 1125 Howe Street, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J Baltayeva
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Suite 930, 1125 Howe Street, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A G Beristain
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Suite 930, 1125 Howe Street, Vancouver, Canada
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Luo Z, Chen W, Wu W, Luo W, Zhu T, Guo G, Zhang L, Wang C, Li M, Shi S. Metformin promotes survivin degradation through AMPK/PKA/GSK-3β-axis in non-small cell lung cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:11890-11899. [PMID: 30793366 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Metformin, a first-line antidiabetic drug, has been reported with anticancer activities in many types of cancer. However, its molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. As a member of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, survivin plays an important role in the regulation of cell death. In the present study, we investigated the role of survivin in metformin-induced anticancer activity in non-small cell lung cancer in vitro. Metformin mainly induced apoptotic cell death in A549 and H460 cell lines. It remarkably suppressed the expression of survivin, decreased the stability of this protein, then promoted its proteasomal degradation. Moreover, metformin greatly suppressed protein kinase A (PKA) activity and induced its downstream glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) activation. PKA activators, both 8-Br-cAMP and forskolin, significantly increased the expression of survivin. Consistently both GSK-3β inhibitor LiCl and siRNA restored the expression of survivin in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, metformin induced adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Suppression of the activity of AMPK with Compound C reversed the degradation of survivin induced by metformin, and meanwhile, restored the activity of PKA and GSK-3β. These results suggest that metformin kills lung cancer cells through AMPK/PKA/GSK-3β-axis-mediated survivin degradation, providing novel insights into the anticancer effects of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology in School of Basic Medical Science, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Chu Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqing Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
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Manerba M, Govoni M, Manet I, Leale A, Comparone A, Di Stefano G. Metabolic activation triggered by cAMP in MCF-7 cells generates lethal vulnerability to combined oxamate/etomoxir. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1177-1186. [PMID: 30981740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered energy metabolism is a biochemical fingerprint of cancer cells, widely recognized as one of the "hallmarks of cancer". Cancer cells show highly increased rates of glucose uptake and glycolysis, after which the resulting pyruvate is converted to lactate. The maintenance of this metabolic asset is warranted by lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A) and for this reason the development of novel LDH-targeted anticancer therapeutics is underway. However, possible interference in cancer cell metabolism could also arise from cAMP signaling pathway, which could be activated by either oncogenic induction or exogenously, as a result of microenvironment-derived stimuli, increasing cellular cAMP levels. This study aimed at evaluating the impact of activated cAMP signaling pathway on the efficacy of an LDH-targeted anticancer approach. METHODS We exogenously activated cAMP signaling in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and explored the metabolic interplay between LDH-A and cAMP pathway. RESULTS In cAMP-activated cells, we evidenced changes in energy metabolism which reduced their response to LDH inhibition. Interestingly, these experiments also highlighted a potential vulnerability state of treated cells. CONCLUSIONS cAMP-induced metabolic changes made MCF-7 cells a preferential target of a drug combination treatment which should not affect normal cell viability. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE cAMP is a well-recognized second messenger of the pro-inflammatory cascade. The obtained results are relevant in consideration of the crucial role played by inflammation in normal breast cell transformation and in cancer progression. Furthermore, they corroborate the idea of exploiting the metabolic changes observed in cancer cells to obtain a therapeutic advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Manerba
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Marzia Govoni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilse Manet
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), CNR, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antoniofrancesco Leale
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonietta Comparone
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Di Stefano
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Italy.
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Hsu YC, Chang YH, Chang GC, Ho BC, Yuan SS, Li YC, Zeng JW, Yu SL, Li KC, Yang PC, Chen HY. Tumor mutation burden and recurrent tumors in hereditary lung cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2179-2187. [PMID: 30941903 PMCID: PMC6536970 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and cancer relapse accounts for the majority of cancer mortality. The mechanism is still unknown, especially in hereditary lung cancer without known actionable mutations. To identify genetic alternations involved in hereditary lung cancer and relapse is urgently needed. We collected genetic materials from a unique hereditary lung cancer patient's blood, first cancer tissue (T1), adjacent normal tissue (N1), relapse cancer tissue (T2), and adjacent normal tissue (N2) for whole genome sequencing. We identified specific mutations in T1 and T2, and attributed them to tumorigenesis and recurrence. These tumor specific variants were enriched in antigen presentation pathway. In addition, a lung adenocarcinoma cohort from the TCGA dataset was used to confirm our findings. Patients with high mutation burdens in tumor specific genes had decreased relapse‐free survival (P = 0.017, n = 186). Our study may provide important insight for designing immunotherapeutic treatment for hereditary lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Ching Ho
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Sheng Yuan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Li
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Wun Zeng
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ker-Chau Li
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Statistics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Elevated expression of GNAS promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and migration via the PI3K/AKT/Snail1/E-cadherin axis. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:1207-1219. [PMID: 30767161 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although it has been well established that G protein plays pivotal roles in physiologic or pathologic conditions, including cancer formation, its role in breast cancer, especially specific subunits, remains largely unknown. Our work aimed to evaluate the correlation of the G protein alpha subunit (GNAS) with breast cancer and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS The expression of GNAS was determined by breast tumor tissue microarray of 150 patients with complete follow-up information. The correlation between GNAS expression and clinical features was assessed. CCK8, EdU incorporation, flow cytometry, wound healing, transwell, western blot and tumor formation assays were carried out in nude mice to study the biological function of GNAS and the underlying molecular mechanism in breast cancer by silencing GNAS using a specific siRNA. RESULTS High GNAS expression showed a close correlation with a reduced overall survival (p = 0.021), frequent distal metastasis (p = 0.026), advanced clinical stage (p = 0.001), stronger cell proliferation (ki67+ positive cell rate, p = 0.0351) and enhanced cancer cell migration, which was further confirmed by in vitro and in vivo assays and might be dependent on the PI3K/AKT/Snail1/E-cadherin axis. CONCLUSION The data suggested that GNAS promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and migration (EMT) through the PI3K/AKT/Snail1/E-cadherin signaling pathway. These findings also indicate that GNAS can serve as a potential prognostic indicator and novel therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Luo Z, Zhu T, Luo W, Lv Y, Zhang L, Wang C, Li M, Wu W, Shi S. Metformin induces apoptotic cytotoxicity depending on AMPK/PKA/GSK-3β-mediated c-FLIP L degradation in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:681-689. [PMID: 30666163 PMCID: PMC6331071 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s178688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metformin, a first-line antidiabetic drug, has recently been reported with anticancer activities in various cancers; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of cellular FADD-like IL-1β-converting enzyme (FLICE)-inhibitory protein large (c-FLIPL) in metformin-induced anticancer activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro. Materials and methods Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Quantitative real-time PCR was carried out to detect the level of mRNA of related genes. The expression of related proteins was detected by Western blot. siRNA was used to silence the expression of targeted proteins. Results Metformin significantly suppressed proliferation of both A549 and H460 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies suggested that metformin killed NSCLC cells by inducing apoptotic cell death. Moreover, metformin greatly inhibited c-FLIPL expression and then promoted its degradation. Furthermore, metformin significantly activated Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3β), block the expression of AMPK, and GSK-3β with siRNA partially reversed metformin-induced cytotoxicity and restored the expression of c-FLIPL in lung cancer cells. Metformin also suppressed the activity of AMPK downstream protein kinase A (PKA), PKA activators, both 8-Br-cAMP and forskolin, greatly increased c-FLIPL expression in NSCLC cells. Conclusion This study provided evidence that metformin killed NSCLC cells through AMPK/PKA/GSK-3β axis-mediated c-FLIPL degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, People's Republic of China,
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan 640000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Lv
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, People's Republic of China,
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chu Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, People's Republic of China,
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqing Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, People's Republic of China,
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Fyn Regulates Binding Partners of Cyclic-AMP Dependent Protein Kinase A. Proteomes 2018; 6:proteomes6040037. [PMID: 30274258 PMCID: PMC6313912 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes6040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in many fundamental cellular processes, including migration and proliferation. Recently, we found that the Src family kinase Fyn phosphorylates the catalytic subunit of PKA (PKA-C) at Y69, thereby increasing PKA kinase activity. We also showed that Fyn induced the phosphorylation of cellular proteins within the PKA preferred target motif. This led to the hypothesis that Fyn could affect proteins in complex with PKA. To test this, we employed a quantitative mass spectrometry approach to identify Fyn-dependent binding partners in complex with PKA-C. We found Fyn enhanced the binding of PKA-C to several cytoskeletal regulators that localize to the centrosome and Golgi apparatus. Three of these Fyn-induced PKA interactors, AKAP9, PDE4DIP, and CDK5RAP2, were validated biochemically and were shown to exist in complex with Fyn and PKA in a glioblastoma cell line. Intriguingly, the complexes formed between PKA-C and these known AKAPs were dependent upon Fyn catalytic activity and expression levels. In addition, we identified Fyn-regulated phosphorylation sites on proteins in complex with PKA-C. We also identified and biochemically validated a novel PKA-C interactor, LARP4, which complexed with PKA in the absence of Fyn. These results demonstrate the ability of Fyn to influence the docking of PKA to specific cellular scaffolds and suggest that Fyn may affect the downstream substrates targeted by PKA.
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Sun X, Qi H, Zhang X, Li L, Zhang J, Zeng Q, Laszlo GS, Wei B, Li T, Jiang J, Mogilner A, Fu X, Zhao M. Src activation decouples cell division orientation from cell geometry in mammalian cells. Biomaterials 2018; 170:82-94. [PMID: 29653289 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Orientation of cell division plane plays a crucial role in morphogenesis and regeneration. Misoriented cell division underlies many important diseases, such as cancer. Studies with Drosophila and C. elegance models show that Src, a proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase, is a critical regulator of this aspect of mitosis. However, the role for Src in controlling cell division orientation in mammalian cells is not well understood. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches and two extracellular signals to orient cell division, we demonstrated a critical role for Src. Either knockout or pharmacological inhibition of Src would retain the fidelity of cell division orientation with the long-axis orientation of mother cells. Conversely, re-expression of Src would decouple cell division orientation from the pre-division orientation of the long axis of mother cells. Cell division orientation in human breast and gastric cancer tissues showed that the Src activation level correlated with the degree of mitotic spindle misorientation relative to the apical surface. Examination of proteins associated with cortical actin revealed that Src activation regulated the accumulation and local density of adhesion proteins on the sites of cell-matrix attachment. By analyzing division patterns in the cells with or without Src activation and through use of a mathematical model, we further support our findings and provide evidence for a previously unknown role for Src in regulating cell division orientation in relation to the pre-division geometry of mother cells, which may contribute to the misoriented cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Hongsheng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 55 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhen Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Li Li
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Jiaping Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Qunli Zeng
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - George S Laszlo
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave, Seattle, USA
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Tianhong Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4501 X St #3016, Sacramento, USA
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury Research, Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Alex Mogilner
- Courant Institute, Department of Biology, New York University, 251 Mercer St, New York, USA
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853, P.R. China.
| | - Min Zhao
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Bott A, Erdem N, Lerrer S, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Breunig C, Abnaof K, Wörner A, Wilhelm H, Münstermann E, Ben-Baruch A, Wiemann S. miRNA-1246 induces pro-inflammatory responses in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells by regulating PKA and PP2A. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43897-43914. [PMID: 28159925 PMCID: PMC5546423 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has an impact on breast cancer progression by creating a pro-inflammatory milieu within the tumor. However, little is known about the roles of miRNAs in cells of the TME during this process. We identified six putative oncomiRs in a breast cancer dataset, all strongly correlating with poor overall patient survival. Out of the six candidates, miR-1246 was upregulated in aggressive breast cancer subtypes and expressed at highest levels in mesenchymal stem/stroma cells (MSCs). Functionally, miR-1246 led to a p65-dependent increase in transcription and release of pro-inflammatory mediators IL-6, CCL2 and CCL5 in MSCs, and increased NF-κB activity. The pro-inflammatory phenotype of miR-1246 in MSCs was independent of TNFα stimulations and mediated by direct targeting of the tumor-suppressors PRKAR1A and PPP2CB. In vitro recapitulation of the TME revealed increased Stat3 phosphorylation in breast epithelial (MCF10A) and cancer cells (SK-BR-3, MCF7, T47D) upon incubation with conditioned medium (CM) of MSCs overexpressing miR-1246. Additionally, this stimulation enhanced proliferation of MCF10A cells, increased migration of MDA-MB-231 cells and induced attraction of THP-1 monocytic cells. Our data shows that miR-1246 acts as both key-enhancer of pro-inflammatory responses in MSCs and putative oncomiR in breast cancer, suggesting its influence on cancer-related inflammation and breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bott
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nese Erdem
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shalom Lerrer
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt
- Bioinformatics Group, Genomics & Proteomics Core Facility (GPCF), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Breunig
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Khalid Abnaof
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelika Wörner
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Wilhelm
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ewald Münstermann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adit Ben-Baruch
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Wu J, Gao F, Xu T, Deng X, Wang C, Yang X, Hu Z, Long Y, He X, Liang G, Ren D, Dai T. miR-503 suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by triggering autophagy via PKA/mTOR signaling. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1427-1442. [PMID: 29568867 PMCID: PMC5873897 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-503 is involved in the regulation of the malignant phenotype in multiple tumor types, and has been proven to be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target; however, its function and mechanisms of action have not yet been fully elucidated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In the current study, we detected miR‑503 expression by RT‑qPCR and found that miR‑503 expression was increased in ESCC, but negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and tumor differentiation. Functionally, we confirmed that miR‑503 inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC cells by triggering cellular autophagy. Mechanistically, we confirmed that miR‑503 exerted its biological effects by targeting protein kinase CAMP‑activated catalytic subunit alpha (PRKACA) in ESCC by dual luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, miR‑503 was found to trigger autophagy in ESCC cells through the protein kinase A (PKA)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR‑503 suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC via the activation of autophagy, mediated by the PKA/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Fengxia Gao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Deng
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Long
- Experiment Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei He
- Experiment Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Guannan Liang
- Experiment Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Delian Ren
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Tianyang Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Sindoni A, Fama' F, Rosano' A, Scisca C, Dionigi G, Koch CA, Gioffrè-Florio M, Benvenga S. Thyroid nodules coexisting with either cystic or solid breast nodules: a new clue for this association between nodules coming from ultrasonography. Gland Surg 2017; 6:630-637. [PMID: 29302478 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2017.09.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Thyroid and breast nodules (BNs) are common, their prevalence varying based mainly on the population (including age, residence in area of different iodine availability) studied and methods used. The coincidence of thyroid and breast diseases remains controversial and the majority of the studies evaluate the association between breast cancer and thyroid disorders. Here we describe our experience of such association in a non-oncological series. Methods Between the years 2000 and 2005, 3,372 patients from outpatient clinics were referred for thyroid ultrasonography (US) at our University Hospital; concurrent breast US in the 1,896 women revealed the presence of BNs in 127. The 127 women were divided into two groups, based on the cystic or solid nature of the BN(s). Results In 84/127 (66.1%) the single or multiple BN was/were cystic (group 1), while in the remaining 43 (33.9%) the single or multiple BN was/were solid [group 2; 19/43 had one thyroid nodule (TN) and the remaining 24/43 had ≥2 TNs]. When BN were cystic the coexisting TN(s) was/were more likely to be concordant in localization (i.e., right/right or left/left localization) whereas, when the BN were solid, the coexisting thyroid nodule/nodules was/were more likely to be discordant. In women with cystic BNs (CBNs), TNs were more frequently multiple (64% of cases), whereas in cases with solid BNs (SBNs), the frequency of single and multiple TNs was approximately the same. In patients with TNs/CBNs, TNs tend to be subcentimetric and localized in the inferior pole of either thyroid lobe. In patients with TNs/SBNs, TNs tend to be larger and localized in the middle of either thyroid lobe. Conclusions In women with BNs associated with TNs, there are interesting differences concerning TNs when patients are stratified based on the cystic or solid nature of the BN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Sindoni
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS-CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Fausto Fama'
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosano'
- Master Program on Childhood, Adolescence and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudio Scisca
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gianlorenzo Dionigi
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Christian A Koch
- Division of Endocrinology, Endocrine Tumor Program, Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Maria Gioffrè-Florio
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Benvenga
- Master Program on Childhood, Adolescence and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Interdepartmental Program of Molecular & Clinical Endocrinology, and Women's Endocrine Health, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Reggi E, Diviani D. The role of A-kinase anchoring proteins in cancer development. Cell Signal 2017; 40:143-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wang Z, Yan Z, Wang F, Cai J, Guo L, Su J, Liu Y. Highly sensitive photoelectrochemical biosensor for kinase activity detection and inhibition based on the surface defect recognition and multiple signal amplification of metal-organic frameworks. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 97:107-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tarallo R, Giurato G, Bruno G, Ravo M, Rizzo F, Salvati A, Ricciardi L, Marchese G, Cordella A, Rocco T, Gigantino V, Pierri B, Cimmino G, Milanesi L, Ambrosino C, Nyman TA, Nassa G, Weisz A. The nuclear receptor ERβ engages AGO2 in regulation of gene transcription, RNA splicing and RISC loading. Genome Biol 2017; 18:189. [PMID: 29017520 PMCID: PMC5634881 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-017-1321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The RNA-binding protein Argonaute 2 (AGO2) is a key effector of RNA-silencing pathways It exerts a pivotal role in microRNA maturation and activity and can modulate chromatin remodeling, transcriptional gene regulation and RNA splicing. Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is endowed with oncosuppressive activities, antagonizing hormone-induced carcinogenesis and inhibiting growth and oncogenic functions in luminal-like breast cancers (BCs), where its expression correlates with a better prognosis of the disease. RESULTS Applying interaction proteomics coupled to mass spectrometry to characterize nuclear factors cooperating with ERβ in gene regulation, we identify AGO2 as a novel partner of ERβ in human BC cells. ERβ-AGO2 association was confirmed in vitro and in vivo in both the nucleus and cytoplasm and is shown to be RNA-mediated. ChIP-Seq demonstrates AGO2 association with a large number of ERβ binding sites, and total and nascent RNA-Seq in ERβ + vs ERβ - cells, and before and after AGO2 knock-down in ERβ + cells, reveals a widespread involvement of this factor in ERβ-mediated regulation of gene transcription rate and RNA splicing. Moreover, isolation and sequencing by RIP-Seq of ERβ-associated long and small RNAs in the cytoplasm suggests involvement of the nuclear receptor in RISC loading, indicating that it may also be able to directly control mRNA translation efficiency and stability. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that AGO2 can act as a pleiotropic functional partner of ERβ, indicating that both factors are endowed with multiple roles in the control of key cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Tarallo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Genomix4Life srl, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Bruno
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Maria Ravo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Genomix4Life srl, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Francesca Rizzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Annamaria Salvati
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Luca Ricciardi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marchese
- Genomix4Life srl, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | | | - Teresa Rocco
- Genomix4Life srl, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Valerio Gigantino
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Pierri
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cimmino
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, University of Campania'L. Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Milanesi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segregate, MI, Italy
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
- IRGS Biogem, Ariano Irpino, AV, Italy
| | - Tuula A Nyman
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Rikshospitalet Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Giovanni Nassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 1, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trophoblast progenitor cell differentiation towards the extravillous trophoblast (EVT) lineage initiates within proximal regions of anchoring columns of first trimester placental villi. While molecular processes controlling the initial stages of progenitor cell differentiation along the EVT pathway have been described, much remains unknown about factors important in distal column cell differentiation into invasive EVTs. ADAMs are proteases that regulate growth factor signaling, cell-matrix adhesion, and matrix proteolysis, and thus impact many processes relevant in placentation. Global gene expression studies identified the ADAM subtype, ADAM28, to be highly expressed in EVT-like trophoblasts, suggesting that it may play a role in EVT function. This study aims to test the functional importance of ADAM28 in column cell outgrowth and maintenance. METHODS ADAM28 mRNA levels and protein localization were determined by qPCR and immunofluorescence microscopy analyses in purified placental villi cell populations and tissues. ADAM28 function in trophoblast column outgrowth was examined using ADAM28-targetting siRNAs in Matrigel-imbedded placental explant cultures. RESULTS Within placental villi, ADAM28 mRNA levels were highest in HLA-G+ column trophoblasts, and consistent with this, ADAM28 was preferentially localized to HLA-G+ trophoblasts within distal anchoring columns and decidual tissue. siRNA-directed loss of ADAM28 impaired trophoblast column outgrowth and resulted in increased apoptosis in matrix-invading trophoblasts. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that ADAM28 promotes column outgrowth by providing survival cues within anchoring column cells. This study also provides insight into a possible role for ADAM28 in driving differentiation of column trophoblasts into invasive HLA-G+ EVT subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C De Luca
- British Columbia's Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - H T Le
- British Columbia's Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - D L Mara
- British Columbia's Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A G Beristain
- British Columbia's Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Metformin suppresses triple-negative breast cancer stem cells by targeting KLF5 for degradation. Cell Discov 2017; 3:17010. [PMID: 28480051 PMCID: PMC5396048 DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Out of the breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the poorest prognosis without effective targeted therapies. Metformin, a first-line drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus, was demonstrated to target breast cancer stem cells selectively. However, the efficiency and the mechanism of action of metformin in TNBC are unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that metformin decreased the percentage of TNBC stem cells partially through the downregulation of the expression of the stem cell transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) and its downstream target genes, such as Nanog and FGF-BP1, in TNBC cell lines. Metformin induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β)-mediated KLF5 protein phosphorylation and degradation through the inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) activity in TNBC cells. Consistently, PKA activators increased the expression levels of KLF5. We observed a positive correlation between p-CREB, p-GSK3β, KLF5 and FGF-BP1 protein levels in human TNBC samples. These findings suggest that metformin suppresses TNBC stem cells partially through the PKA-GSK3β-KLF5 signaling pathway.
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50
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Wang S, Cheng Y, Zheng Y, He Z, Chen W, Zhou W, Duan C, Zhang C. PRKAR1A is a functional tumor suppressor inhibiting ERK/Snail/E-cadherin pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39630. [PMID: 27995993 PMCID: PMC5171641 DOI: 10.1038/srep39630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein Kinase cAMP-Dependent Regulatory Type I Alpha (PRKAR1A) is a tissue-specific extinguisher that transduces a signal through phosphorylation of different target proteins. Loss of PRKAR1A was frequently observed in endocrine neoplasia and stromal cell tumors. However, a few cases were seen in epithelial tumors. Previously, we first found that PRKAR1A was downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Thus, the present study aimed to clarify its clinical implication and biological function as a tumor suppressor in lung adenocarcinoma. The low levels of PRKAR1A transcript were correlated with tumor progression and poor overall survival. The re-expression of PRKAR1A in H1299 cells suppressed the tumor cell proliferation and migration; stable knockdown (KD) of PRKAR1A in A549 cells enhanced this function both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, KD of PRKAR1A in A549 cells promoted the statistical colonization of circulating tumor cells to the lungs in nude mice. These effects by PRKAR1A were attributed to inhibiting E-cadherin expression. Elevated E-cadherin significantly suppressed the PRKAR1A-KD induced cell proliferation and migration. Most notably, deletion of PRKAR1A inhibited E-cadherin by activating ERK/Snail signaling. In conclusion, PRKAR1A was a potent suppressor, and through the inhibition of PRKAR1A-ERK-Snail-E-cadherin axis could serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87th, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yuanda Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87th, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Department of endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87th, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87th, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87th, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Wolong Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87th, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Chaojun Duan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87th, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87th, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
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