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Yu S, Xie J, Guo Q, Yan X, Wang Y, Leng T, Li L, Zhou J, Zhang W, Su X. Clostridium butyricum isolated from giant panda can attenuate dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1361945. [PMID: 38646621 PMCID: PMC11027743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1361945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Probiotics are beneficial to the intestinal barrier, but few studies have investigated probiotics from giant pandas. This study aims to explore the preventive effects of giant panda-derived Clostridium butyricum on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Methods Clostridium butyricum was administered to mice 14 days before administering DSS treatment to induce enteritis. Results Clostridium butyricum B14 could more effectively prevent colitis in mice than C. butyricum B13. C. butyricum B14 protected the mouse colon by decreasing the histology index and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels, which improved intestinal inflammation-related symptoms. In addition, the treatment led to the regulation of the expression of Tifa, Igkv12-89, and Nr1d1, which in turn inhibited immune pathways. The expression of Muc4, Lama3, Cldn4, Cldn3, Ocln, Zo1, Zo2, and Snai is related the intestinal mucosal barrier. 16S sequencing shows that the C. butyricum B14 significantly increased the abundance of certain intestinal probiotics. Overall, C. butyricum B14 exerted a preventive effect on colitis in mice by inhibiting immune responses, enhancing the intestinal barrier and increasing the abundance of probiotic species. Thus, C. butyricum B14 administration helps regulate the balance of the intestinal microecology. It can suppress immune pathways and enhance barrier-protective proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuran Yu
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
| | - Junjin Xie
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Tangjian Leng
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Li
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Jielong Zhou
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Su
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Mi J, Ma Q, Li T, Huang S. Agaro-oligosaccharides mitigate deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal inflammation by regulating gut microbiota and enhancing intestinal barrier function in mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:3380-3394. [PMID: 38498054 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04898e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Agarose-derived agaro-oligosaccharides (AgaroS) have been extensively studied in terms of structures and bioactivities; they reportedly possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that maintain intestinal homeostasis and host health. However, the protective effects of AgaroS on deoxynivalenol (DON)-induced intestinal dysfunction remain unclear. We investigated the effects of AgaroS on DON-induced intestinal dysfunction in mice and explored the underlying protective mechanisms. In total, 32 mice were randomly allocated to four treatments (n = 8 each) for 28 days. From day 1 to day 21, the control (CON) and DON groups received oral phosphate-buffered saline (200 μL per day); the AgaroS and AgaroS + DON groups received 200 mg AgaroS per kg body weight once daily by orogastric gavage. Experimental intestinal injury was induced by adding DON (4.8 mg per kg body weight) via gavage from day 21 to day 28. Phosphate-buffered saline was administered once daily by gavage in the CON and AgaroS groups. Herein, AgaroS supplementation led to a higher final body weight and smaller body weight loss and a lower concentration of plasma inflammatory cytokines, compared with the DON group. The DON group showed a significantly reduced ileal villus height and villus height/crypt depth, compared with the CON and AgaroS + DON groups. However, AgaroS supplementation improved DON-induced intestinal injury in mice. Compared with the DON group, ileal and colonic protein expression levels of claudin, occludin, Ki67, and mucin2 were significantly higher in the AgaroS supplementation group. Colonic levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β tended to be higher in the DON group than in the AgaroS + DON group. AgaroS altered the gut microbiota composition, accompanied by increased production of short-chain fatty acids in mice. In conclusion, our findings highlight a promising anti-mycotoxin approach whereby AgaroS alleviate DON-induced intestinal inflammation by modulating intestinal barrier functional integrity and gut microbiota in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- Feed Safety and Healthy Livestock, Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Innovation Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- Feed Safety and Healthy Livestock, Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Innovation Center, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- Feed Safety and Healthy Livestock, Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Innovation Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- Feed Safety and Healthy Livestock, Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Innovation Center, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 21001, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinqiu Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- Feed Safety and Healthy Livestock, Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Innovation Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qiugang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- Feed Safety and Healthy Livestock, Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Innovation Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- Feed Safety and Healthy Livestock, Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Innovation Center, Beijing, China
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Glyn T, Williams S, Whitehead M, Eglinton T, West N, Purcell RV. Digital spatial profiling identifies molecular changes involved in development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1247106. [PMID: 38505585 PMCID: PMC10949367 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1247106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Chronic colonic inflammation seen in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Colitis-associated cancers (CAC) are molecularly different from sporadic CRC. This study aimed to evaluate spatially defined molecular changes associated with neoplastic progression to identify mechanisms of action and potential biomarkers for prognostication. Design IBD patients who had undergone colectomy for treatment of their IBD or dysplasia were identified from an institutional database. Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded samples from areas of normal, inflamed, dysplastic and adenocarcinoma tissue were identified for digital spatial profiling using the Nanostring GeoMx™ Cancer Transcriptome Atlas. RNA expression and quantification of 1812 genes was measured and analysed in a spatial context to compare differences in gene expression. Results Sixteen patients were included, nine patients had CAC, two had dysplasia only and five had colitis only. Significant, step-wise differences in gene expression were seen between tissue types, mainly involving progressive over-expression of collagen genes associated with stromal remodelling. Similarly, MYC over-expression was associated with neoplastic progression. Comparison of normal and inflamed tissue from patients who progressed to those who did not also showed significant differences in immune-related genes, including under-expression of thte chemokines CCL18, CCL25 and IL-R7, as well as CD3, CD6 and lysozyme. The known oncogene CD24 was significantly overexpressed. Conclusion Both tissue types and patient groups are molecularly distinguishable on the basis of their gene expression patterns. Further prospective work is necessary to confirm these differences and establish their clinical significance and potential utility as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Glyn
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Williams
- Griffith Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Martin Whitehead
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Te Whatu Ora Waitaha, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Tim Eglinton
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas West
- Griffith Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel V. Purcell
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Fancy N, Nitin, Kniffen D, Melvin M, Kazemian N, Sadeghi J, Letef CA, D'Aloisio L, Copp AG, Inaba R, Hans G, Jafaripour S, Haskey N, Raman M, Daneshgar P, Chadee K, Ghosh S, Gibson DL, Pakpour S, Zandberg W, Bergstrom KSB. Fecal-adherent mucus is a non-invasive source of primary human MUC2 for structural and functional characterization in health and disease. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105675. [PMID: 38272223 PMCID: PMC10891339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The O-glycoprotein Mucin-2 (MUC2) forms the protective colon mucus layer. While animal models have demonstrated the importance of Muc2, few studies have explored human MUC2 in similar depth. Recent studies have revealed that secreted MUC2 is bound to human feces. We hypothesized human fecal MUC2 (HF-MUC2) was accessible for purification and downstream structural and functional characterization. We tested this via histologic and quantitative imaging on human fecal sections; extraction from feces for proteomic and O-glycomic characterization; and functional studies via growth and metabolic assays in vitro. Quantitative imaging of solid fecal sections showed a continuous mucus layer of varying thickness along human fecal sections with barrier functions intact. Lectin profiling showed HF-MUC2 bound several lectins but was weak to absent for Ulex europaeus 1 (α1,2 fucose-binding) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (α2,6 sialic acid-binding), and did not have obvious b1/b2 barrier layers. HF-MUC2 separated by electrophoresis showed high molecular weight glycoprotein bands (∼1-2 MDa). Proteomics and Western analysis confirmed the enrichment of MUC2 and potential MUC2-associated proteins in HF-MUC2 extracts. MUC2 O-glycomics revealed diverse fucosylation, moderate sialylation, and little sulfation versus porcine colonic MUC2 and murine fecal Muc2. O-glycans were functional and supported the growth of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (B. theta) and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in vitro. MUC2 could be similarly analyzed from inflammatory bowel disease stools, which displayed an altered glycomic profile and differential growth and SCFA production by B. theta versus healthy samples. These studies describe a new non-invasive platform for human MUC2 characterization in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Fancy
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Nitin
- Chemistry, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Darrek Kniffen
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Mackenzie Melvin
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Negin Kazemian
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Javad Sadeghi
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Clara A Letef
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Leah D'Aloisio
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Amanda G Copp
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Rain Inaba
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Geetkamal Hans
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Simin Jafaripour
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Natasha Haskey
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Maitreyi Raman
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Kris Chadee
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Sanjoy Ghosh
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Deanna L Gibson
- Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Sepideh Pakpour
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Wesley Zandberg
- Chemistry, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
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Jean Wilson E, Sirpu Natesh N, Ghadermazi P, Pothuraju R, Prajapati DR, Pandey S, Kaifi JT, Dodam JR, Bryan JN, Lorson CL, Watrelot AA, Foster JM, Mansell TJ, Joshua Chan SH, Batra SK, Subbiah J, Rachagani S. Red Cabbage Juice-Mediated Gut Microbiota Modulation Improves Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis and Ameliorates Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:539. [PMID: 38203712 PMCID: PMC10778654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and can potentially prevent IBD through microbial-derived metabolites, making it a promising therapeutic avenue. Recent evidence suggests that despite an unclear underlying mechanism, red cabbage juice (RCJ) alleviates Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Thus, the study aims to unravel the molecular mechanism by which RCJ modulates the gut microbiota to alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice. Using C57BL/6J mice, we evaluated RCJ's protective role in DSS-induced colitis through two cycles of 3% DSS. Mice were daily gavaged with PBS or RCJ until the endpoint, and gut microbiota composition was analyzed via shotgun metagenomics. RCJ treatment significantly improved body weight (p ≤ 0.001), survival in mice (p < 0.001) and reduced disease activity index (DAI) scores. Further, RCJ improved colonic barrier integrity by enhancing the expression of protective colonic mucins (p < 0.001) and tight junction proteins (p ≤ 0.01) in RCJ + DSS-treated mice compared to the DSS group. Shotgun metagenomic analysis revealed an enrichment of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria (p < 0.05), leading to increased Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPAR-γ) activation (p ≤ 0.001). This, in turn, resulted in repression of the nuclear factor κB (NFκB) signaling pathway, causing decreased production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Our study demonstrates colitis remission in a DSS-induced mouse model, showcasing RCJ as a potential modulator for gut microbiota and metabolites, with promising implications for IBD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Jean Wilson
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
| | - Nagabhishek Sirpu Natesh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; (N.S.N.); (J.R.D.); (J.N.B.)
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Parsa Ghadermazi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (P.G.)
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Dipakkumar R. Prajapati
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Sanjit Pandey
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Jussuf T. Kaifi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - John R. Dodam
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; (N.S.N.); (J.R.D.); (J.N.B.)
| | - Jeffrey N. Bryan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; (N.S.N.); (J.R.D.); (J.N.B.)
| | - Christian L. Lorson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Aude A. Watrelot
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Jason M. Foster
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Thomas J. Mansell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Siu Hung Joshua Chan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (P.G.)
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jeyamkondan Subbiah
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; (N.S.N.); (J.R.D.); (J.N.B.)
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Miller A, Cutroneo G, Lombardo GP, D'Angelo R, Pallio S, Migliorato A, Fumia A, Favaloro A, Lauriano ER, Pergolizzi S. Association between neuropeptides and mucins in Crohn's disease mucous cells. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152115. [PMID: 37979446 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are both inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Unlike UC, which is limited to the mucosa of the colon, CD inflammation is characterized by chronic mucosal ulcerations affecting the entire gastrointestinal tract. Goblet cells (GCs) can be found in some lining epithelia, particularly in the respiratory and digestive tracts. GCs represent the main source of mucin that are the significant components of the mucus layer; hypertrophy of GCs and an increase in mucin production are observed in many enteric infections. The cytoplasm of goblet cells may also contain neuropeptides, such as serotonin, that can be altered in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The defense system of the gut is represented by the intestinal mucosal barrier, its protective function is strictly connected to the regulation of the mucus layer and the coordination of the neuro-immune response. Paraformaldehyde-fixed intestinal tissues, obtained from fifteen patients with Crohn's disease, were analyzed by immunostaining for MUC2, MUC4, 5-HT, and VAChT. This study aims to define the link between neuropeptides and mucins in mucous cells and their involvement in the inflammation process. Our results showed in mucous cells of Crohn's disease (CD) patients a high expression of MUC4 and a decrease in the expression of vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) demonstrating the presence of an inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthea Miller
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cutroneo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pia Lombardo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta D'Angelo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Socrate Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98147 Messina, Italy
| | - Alba Migliorato
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Fumia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98147 Messina, Italy.
| | - Angelo Favaloro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Eugenia Rita Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Simona Pergolizzi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Ahmad S, Sands M, Greenberg E, Tangen L, Huang J, Irudayaraj JMK. Mucosal DNA methylome alteration in Crohn's disease: surgical and non-surgical groups. Front Genet 2023; 14:1244513. [PMID: 38046046 PMCID: PMC10691104 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1244513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized as a chronic, relapsing, and progressive disorder with a complex etiology involving interactions between host, microbiome, and the external environment. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) suggest several genetic variations in the diseased individuals but that explains only a small proportion of susceptibility to disease conditions. This indicates the possible role of epigenome which links environmental factors to the genetic variation in the disease etiology. The current study is focused on the DNA methylome evolution with disease progression. We performed Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS) to analyze differential DNA methylation in the diseased and healthy mucosal tissues of 2 different groups of CD patients: non-surgical and surgical, categorized based on the severity of disease and standard of care needed. Patients in both groups have unique DNA methylation signature compared to the healthy tissue. After removing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 1,671 differentially methylated loci were found in the non-surgical and 3,334 in the surgical group of which only 206 were found overlapping in both groups. Furthermore, differential DNA methylation was noted in some of the GWAS associated genes implicated in CD. Also, functional enrichment analysis showed high representation of several key pathways where differential methylations were observed, and these can be implicated in CD pathogenesis. We identified specific DNA methylation patterns in the mucosal DNA of surgical and non-surgical CD patients which indicates evolution of the methylome as the disease progresses from initial to the advance stage. These unique patterns can be used as DNA methylation signatures to identify different stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ahmad
- Biomedical Research Center, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Mia Sands
- Biomedical Research Center, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Eugene Greenberg
- Digestive Health Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Lyn Tangen
- Digestive Health Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Jiacheng Huang
- Biomedical Research Center, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Joseph Maria Kumar Irudayaraj
- Biomedical Research Center, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
- Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
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8
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Xie Y, Liang S, Zhang Y, Wu T, Shen Y, Yao S, Li J. Discovery of indole analogues from Periplaneta americana extract and their activities on cell proliferation and recovery of ulcerative colitis in mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1282545. [PMID: 37927593 PMCID: PMC10623332 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1282545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As an important medicinal insect, Periplaneta americana (PA) has been applied for the treatment of wounds, burns, and ulcers with fewer side effects and a reduced recurrence rate, which provides great potential for developing new drugs based on its active constituents. Materials and methods: The main chromatographic peaks determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the PA concentrated ethanol-extract liquid (PACEL) were separated, purified, and identified by semi-preparative LC, mass spectrum, and 1H NMR spectroscopic analysis. The biological activities of the identified compounds were investigated by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method based on in vitro human skin fibroblasts (HSF) and in vivo experiments based on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mouse model. Furthermore, RT-qPCR of six genes related to inflammation or intestinal epithelial cell proliferation was employed to investigate the molecular mechanism of the indole analogues recovering UC in mice. Results: Five indole analogues were purified and identified from PACEL, including tryptophan (Trp), tryptamine (pa01), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrogen-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (pa02), (1S, 3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrogen-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (pa03), and (1R, 3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrogen-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (pa04), among which the pa02 and pa04 were reported in PA for the first time. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that PACEL, Trp, and pa02 had promoting HSF proliferation activity and intragastric administration of them could alleviate symptoms of weight loss and colon length shortening in the UC mice. Although recovery activity of the compound pa01 on the colon length was not as obvious as other compounds, it showed anti-inflammatory activity in histological analysis. In addition, The RT-qPCR results indicated that the three indole analogues could alleviate DSS-induced intestinal inflammation in mice by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines (MMP7, IL1α) and down-regulating BMP8B expression. Conclusion: This study reported the isolation, purification, structure identification, and biological activity of the active indole analogues in PACEL. It was found for the first time that the PA extract contained many indole analogues and Trp, which exhibited good proliferation activity on HSF fibroblasts as well as anti-UC activity in mice. These indole analogues probably are important components related to the pharmacological activity in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siwei Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Taoqing Wu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongmei Shen
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Li X, Morel JD, Benegiamo G, Poisson J, Bachmann A, Rapin A, Sulc J, Williams E, Perino A, Schoonjans K, Bou Sleiman M, Auwerx J. Genetic and dietary modulators of the inflammatory response in the gastrointestinal tract of the BXD mouse genetic reference population. eLife 2023; 12:RP87569. [PMID: 37855835 PMCID: PMC10586803 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory gut disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), can be impacted by dietary, environmental, and genetic factors. While the incidence of IBD is increasing worldwide, we still lack a complete understanding of the gene-by-environment interactions underlying inflammation and IBD. Here, we profiled the colon transcriptome of 52 BXD mouse strains fed with a chow or high-fat diet (HFD) and identified a subset of BXD strains that exhibit an IBD-like transcriptome signature on HFD, indicating that an interplay of genetics and diet can significantly affect intestinal inflammation. Using gene co-expression analyses, we identified modules that are enriched for IBD-dysregulated genes and found that these IBD-related modules share cis-regulatory elements that are responsive to the STAT2, SMAD3, and REL transcription factors. We used module quantitative trait locus analyses to identify genetic loci associated with the expression of these modules. Through a prioritization scheme involving systems genetics in the mouse and integration with external human datasets, we identified Muc4 and Epha6 as the top candidates mediating differences in HFD-driven intestinal inflammation. This work provides insights into the contribution of genetics and diet to IBD risk and identifies two candidate genes, MUC4 and EPHA6, that may mediate IBD susceptibility in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jean-David Morel
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Giorgia Benegiamo
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Johanne Poisson
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alexis Bachmann
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alexis Rapin
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jonathan Sulc
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Evan Williams
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of LuxembourgEsch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Alessia Perino
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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10
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Jean Wilson E, Sirpu Natesh N, Ghadermazi P, Pothuraju R, Shanmugam M, Prajapati DR, Pandey S, Kaifi JT, Dodam JR, Bryan J, Lorson CL, Watrelot AA, Foster JM, Mansel TJ, Joshua Chan SH, Batra SK, Subbiah J, Rachagani S. Red cabbage juice-mediated gut microbiota modulation improves intestinal epithelial homeostasis and ameliorates colitis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.23.554560. [PMID: 37662255 PMCID: PMC10473712 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.23.554560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and has therapeutic benefits. Thus, targeting the gut microbiota is a promising therapeutic approach for IBD treatment. We recently found that red cabbage juice (RCJ) ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The current study investigated the modulation of gut microbiota in response to treatment with RCJ to ameliorate the DSS colitis. The initial results demonstrated that mice treated with DSS + RCJ showed increased body weight and decreased diarrhea and blood in feces compared to the DSS alone group. RCJ ameliorated colitis by regulating the intestinal barrier function by reducing the number of apoptotic cells, improving colonic protective mucin, and increasing tight junction protein in RCJ + DSS groups compared to the DSS group. Short-gun metagenomic analysis revealed significant enrichment of short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs)-producing bacteria (Butyrivibrio, Ruminococcaceae, Acetatifactor muris, Rosburia Sp. CAG:303 , Dorea Sp. 5-2) increased PPAR-© activation, leading to repression of the nuclear factor κB (NFκB) signaling pathway, thus decreasing the production of crucial inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the RCJ + DSS groups compared to the DSS group. Pathway abundance analysis showed an increased abundance of the SCFA pathway, reduced histidine degradation ( Bacteroides sartorii, and Bacteroides caecimuris ), and LCFA production in the RCJ+DSS treated group, suggesting the promotion of good colonic health. Furthermore, increased T-reg (FOXP3+) cells in the colon were due to SCFAs produced by the gut microbiota, which was corroborated by an increase in IL-10, a vital anti-inflammatory cytokine. Thus, our study provides the first evidence that RCJ ameliorates colonic inflammation by modulating the gut microbiota.
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11
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Martinez-Carrasco R, Rachagani S, Batra SK, Argüeso P, Fini ME. Roles unveiled for membrane-associated mucins at the ocular surface using a Muc4 knockout mouse model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13558. [PMID: 37604830 PMCID: PMC10442421 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40491-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane-associated mucins (MAMs) are proposed to play critical roles at the ocular surface; however, in vivo evidence has been lacking. Here we investigate these roles by phenotyping of a Muc4 KO mouse. Histochemical analysis for expression of the beta-galactosidase transgene replacing Muc4 revealed a spiraling ribbon pattern across the corneal epithelium, consistent with centripetal cell migration from the limbus. Depletion of Muc4 compromised transcellular barrier function, as evidenced by an increase in rose bengal staining. In addition, the corneal surface was less smooth, consistent with disruption of tear film stability. While surface cells presented with well-developed microprojections, an increase in the number of cells with fewer microprojections was observed. Moreover, an increase in skin-type keratin K10 and a decrease in transcription factor Pax6 was observed, suggesting an incipient transdifferentiation. Despite this, no evidence of inflammatory dry eye disease was apparent. In addition, Muc4 had no effect on signaling by toll-like receptor Tlr4, unlike reports for MUC1 and MUC16. Results of this study provide the first in vivo evidence for the role of MAMs in transcellular barrier function, tear film stability, apical epithelial cell architecture, and epithelial mucosal differentiation at the ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Martinez-Carrasco
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Satyanarayan Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
- Program in Immunology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Genetics, Molecular & Cellular Biology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Pharmacology & Drug Development, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Elizabeth Fini
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
- Program in Genetics, Molecular & Cellular Biology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Pharmacology & Drug Development, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Gehlen J, Stundl A, Debiec R, Fontana F, Krane M, Sharipova D, Nelson CP, Al-Kassou B, Giel AS, Sinning JM, Bruenger CMH, Zelck CF, Koebbe LL, Braund PS, Webb TR, Hetherington S, Ensminger S, Fujita B, Mohamed SA, Shrestha M, Krueger H, Siepe M, Kari FA, Nordbeck P, Buravezky L, Kelm M, Veulemans V, Adam M, Baldus S, Laugwitz KL, Haas Y, Karck M, Mehlhorn U, Conzelmann LO, Breitenbach I, Lebherz C, Urbanski P, Kim WK, Kandels J, Ellinghaus D, Nowak-Goettl U, Hoffmann P, Wirth F, Doppler S, Lahm H, Dreßen M, von Scheidt M, Knoll K, Kessler T, Hengstenberg C, Schunkert H, Nickenig G, Nöthen MM, Bolger AP, Abdelilah-Seyfried S, Samani NJ, Erdmann J, Trenkwalder T, Schumacher J. Elucidation of the genetic causes of bicuspid aortic valve disease. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:857-866. [PMID: 35727948 PMCID: PMC10153415 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The present study aims to characterize the genetic risk architecture of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease, the most common congenital heart defect. METHODS AND RESULTS We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 2236 BAV patients and 11 604 controls. This led to the identification of a new risk locus for BAV on chromosome 3q29. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs2550262 was genome-wide significant BAV associated (P = 3.49 × 10-08) and was replicated in an independent case-control sample. The risk locus encodes a deleterious missense variant in MUC4 (p.Ala4821Ser), a gene that is involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation. Mechanistical studies in zebrafish revealed that loss of Muc4 led to a delay in cardiac valvular development suggesting that loss of MUC4 may also play a role in aortic valve malformation. The GWAS also confirmed previously reported BAV risk loci at PALMD (P = 3.97 × 10-16), GATA4 (P = 1.61 × 10-09), and TEX41 (P = 7.68 × 10-04). In addition, the genetic BAV architecture was examined beyond the single-marker level revealing that a substantial fraction of BAV heritability is polygenic and ∼20% of the observed heritability can be explained by our GWAS data. Furthermore, we used the largest human single-cell atlas for foetal gene expression and show that the transcriptome profile in endothelial cells is a major source contributing to BAV pathology. CONCLUSION Our study provides a deeper understanding of the genetic risk architecture of BAV formation on the single marker and polygenic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gehlen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anja Stundl
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Radoslaw Debiec
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Federica Fontana
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Krane
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dinara Sharipova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Baravan Al-Kassou
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ann-Sophie Giel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Malte Sinning
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Carolin F Zelck
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Laura L Koebbe
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Thomas R Webb
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Stephan Ensminger
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Heart Center Lübeck, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Buntaro Fujita
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Heart Center Lübeck, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Salah A Mohamed
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Heart Center Lübeck, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Malakh Shrestha
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Heart and Lung Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Krueger
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Heart and Lung Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Siepe
- Heart Center Freiburg/Bad Krozingen, University Freiburg/Bad Krozingen, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Alexander Kari
- Heart Center Freiburg/Bad Krozingen, University Freiburg/Bad Krozingen, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nordbeck
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Buravezky
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Verena Veulemans
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Matti Adam
- Department of Medicine III, Heart Center Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Department of Medicine III, Heart Center Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Yannick Haas
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Mehlhorn
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Helios Klinik Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Ingo Breitenbach
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Vascular Surgery, Clinic of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Corinna Lebherz
- Department of Medicine I, Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Urbanski
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Clinic, Rhön-Klinikum Campus Bad Neustadt, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Won-Keun Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Joscha Kandels
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrike Nowak-Goettl
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Unit, University Hospital of Kiel and Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Wirth
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Doppler
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald Lahm
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Dreßen
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz von Scheidt
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Knoll
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aidan P Bolger
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University Heart Centre Lübeck, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Teresa Trenkwalder
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Schumacher
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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13
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Cox KE, Liu S, Lwin TM, Hoffman RM, Batra SK, Bouvet M. The Mucin Family of Proteins: Candidates as Potential Biomarkers for Colon Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051491. [PMID: 36900282 PMCID: PMC10000725 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucins (MUC1-MUC24) are a family of glycoproteins involved in cell signaling and barrier protection. They have been implicated in the progression of numerous malignancies including gastric, pancreatic, ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. Mucins have also been extensively studied with respect to colorectal cancer. They have been found to have diverse expression profiles amongst the normal colon, benign hyperplastic polyps, pre-malignant polyps, and colon cancers. Those expressed in the normal colon include MUC2, MUC3, MUC4, MUC11, MUC12, MUC13, MUC15 (at low levels), and MUC21. Whereas MUC5, MUC6, MUC16, and MUC20 are absent from the normal colon and are expressed in colorectal cancers. MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC, and MUC6 are currently the most widely covered in the literature regarding their role in the progression from normal colonic tissue to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin E. Cox
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Shanglei Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thinzar M. Lwin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Robert M. Hoffman
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA 92111, USA
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Michael Bouvet
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-858-822-6191; Fax: +1-858-249-0483
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14
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Lo Conte M, Antonini Cencicchio M, Ulaszewska M, Nobili A, Cosorich I, Ferrarese R, Massimino L, Andolfo A, Ungaro F, Mancini N, Falcone M. A diet enriched in omega-3 PUFA and inulin prevents type 1 diabetes by restoring gut barrier integrity and immune homeostasis in NOD mice. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1089987. [PMID: 36713378 PMCID: PMC9880528 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1089987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The integrity of the gut barrier (GB) is fundamental to regulate the crosstalk between the microbiota and the immune system and to prevent inflammation and autoimmunity at the intestinal level but also in organs distal from the gut such as the pancreatic islets. In support to this idea, we recently demonstrated that breakage of GB integrity leads to activation of islet-reactive T cells and triggers autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). In T1D patients as in the NOD mice, the spontaneous model of autoimmune diabetes, there are alterations of the GB that specifically affect structure and composition of the mucus layer; however, it is yet to be determined whether a causal link between breakage of the GB integrity and occurrence of autoimmune T1D exists. Methods Here we restored GB integrity in the NOD mice through administration of an anti-inflammatory diet (AID- enriched in soluble fiber inulin and omega 3-PUFA) and tested the effect on T1D pathogenesis. Results We found that the AID prevented T1D in NOD mice by restoring GB integrity with increased mucus layer thickness and higher mRNA transcripts of structural (Muc2) and immunoregulatory mucins (Muc1 and Muc3) as well as of tight junction proteins (claudin1). Restoration of GB integrity was linked to reduction of intestinal inflammation (i.e., reduced expression of IL-1β, IL-23 and IL-17 transcripts) and expansion of regulatory T cells (FoxP3+ Treg cells and IL-10+ Tr1 cells) at the expenses of effector Th1/Th17 cells in the intestine, pancreatic lymph nodes (PLN) and intra-islet lymphocytes (IIL) of AID-fed NOD mice. Importantly, the restoration of GB integrity and immune homeostasis were associated with enhanced concentrations of anti-inflammatory metabolites of the ω3/ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and arachidonic pathways and modifications of the microbiome profile with increased relative abundance of mucus-modulating bacterial species such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Akkermansia glycaniphila. Discussion Our data provide evidence that the restoration of GB integrity and intestinal immune homeostasis through administration of a tolerogenic AID that changed the gut microbial and metabolic profiles prevents autoimmune T1D in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lo Conte
- Autoimmune Pathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Antonini Cencicchio
- Autoimmune Pathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marynka Ulaszewska
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelica Nobili
- Autoimmune Pathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cosorich
- Autoimmune Pathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrarese
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Experimental Gastroenterology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Ungaro
- Experimental Gastroenterology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Università “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marika Falcone
- Autoimmune Pathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Marika Falcone,
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Paone P, Suriano F, Jian C, Korpela K, Delzenne NM, Van Hul M, Salonen A, Cani PD. Prebiotic oligofructose protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity by changing the gut microbiota, intestinal mucus production, glycosylation and secretion. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2152307. [PMID: 36448728 PMCID: PMC9715274 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2152307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, and gut microbiota plays a key role in influencing the host energy homeostasis. Moreover, obese mice have a different gut microbiota composition, associated with an alteration of the intestinal mucus layer, which represents the interface between the bacteria and the host. We previously demonstrated that prebiotic treatment with oligofructose (FOS) counteracted the effects of diet-induced obesity, together with changes in the gut microbiota composition, but it is not known if the intestinal mucus layer could be involved. In this study, we found that, in addition to preventing high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity in mice, the treatment with FOS increased the expression of numerous genes involved in mucus production, glycosylation and secretion, the expression of both secreted and transmembrane mucins, and the differentiation and number of goblet cells. These results were associated with significant changes in the gut microbiota composition, with FOS significantly increasing the relative and absolute abundance of the bacterial genera Odoribacter, Akkermansia, two unknown Muribaculaceae and an unknown Ruminococcaceae. Interestingly, all these bacterial genera had a negative association with metabolic parameters and a positive association with markers of the mucus layer. Our study shows that FOS treatment is able to prevent HFD-induced metabolic disorders, at least in part, by acting on all the processes of the mucus production. These data suggest that targeting the mucus and the gut microbiota by using prebiotics could help to prevent or mitigate obesity and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Paone
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Francesco Suriano
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Ching Jian
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Korpela
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium,CONTACT Patrice D. Cani Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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16
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Wang JL, Han X, Li JX, Shi R, Liu LL, Wang K, Liao YT, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Hu JC, Zhang LM, Shi L. Differential analysis of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:6109-6130. [PMID: 36483152 PMCID: PMC9724481 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i43.6109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal micro-ecological imbalances impair the intestinal barrier and induce intestinal inflammation, for example, ulcerative colitis (UC). According to the latest research, abnormalities in intestinal microbiota structure and their metabolites play a dominant role in UC progression; in addition, they could affect the mucus barrier based on different factors. Although numerous studies have confirmed the important role of intestinal microbiota in UC pathogenesis, the intricate connection between microbiota and metabolites and mucus barrier in UC occurrence remains unclear, and correlation analyses of differential microbiota and their metabolites under UC are relatively scarce.
AIM To reveal the differential intestinal microbiota and metabolites in UC pathogenesis and explore more sensitive biomarker compositions.
METHODS We used the antibiotic combination method to establish intestinal pseudo-aseptic mice; afterward, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was applied to establish an acute experimental colitis mice model. Colitis severity, assessed based on disease activity index, colorectal length, colorectal wet weight, and histological lesions, and mucus-related staining (mucopolysaccharide alcian blue and immunofluorescence of mucin), was compared between the pseudo-aseptic and bacterial colitis mice. Finally, differential intestinal microbiota, metabolites, and their association and correlations, were analyzed by 16s rDNA sequencing in combination with non-targeted metabolomics, through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
RESULTS Compared with the pseudo-aseptic mice, intestinal bacteria positive mice were more severely ill and their intestinal mucus loss was more pronounced in DSS-induced colitis (P < 0.05), suggesting that different microbiota and metabolites could cause the different degrees of colitis. Subsequently, we observed that in addition to Klebsiella, and Bacteroides, which were widely associated with colitis, Candidatus Stoquefichus, Anaerobiospirillum, Muribaculum, and Negativibacillus may be involved in protection against colitis. Furthermore, differential metabolites of the microbiota were mainly enriched in the synthesis-related pathways of key structural sequences of mucin. In combination with the mucin-related staining and immunofluorescence results, the findings indicate that the differential microbiota and their metabolites potentially regulate the composition and function of mucus under colitis.
CONCLUSION Microbiota and their metabolites are major factors regulating the composition and function of mucus, in turn influencing the function and structure of intestinal mucus barrier under colitis. The different microbiota and metabolites identified in the present study could be novel biomarkers for colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Jun-Xiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Lei-Lei Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yu-Ting Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, Gulou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100009, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Jun-Cong Hu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
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17
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Turner MA, Hollandsworth HM, Amirfakhri S, Lwin TM, Nishino H, Neel NC, Natarajan G, Kaur S, Mallya K, Hoffman RM, Batra SK, Bouvet M. Anti-mucin 4 fluorescent antibody brightly targets colon cancer in patient-derived orthotopic xenograft mouse models: A proof-of-concept study for future clinical applications. Am J Surg 2022; 224:1081-1085. [PMID: 35715267 PMCID: PMC9987031 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a high rate of positive surgical margins with resection of liver metastases in colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study reports using a fluorescent anti-mucin 4 (MUC4) antibodies to label primary CRC and liver metastases to better visualize tumor margins in mouse models. METHODS Western blotting for MUC4 protein expression of normal colon and CRC tumor lysates was performed. Orthotopic primary and liver metastatic CRC mouse models received anti-MUC4 antibody conjugated to IR800 (MUC4-IR800). Mice were sacrificed and imaged after 48 hours. RESULTS Western blotting demonstrated increased MUC4 expression in a human CRC cell line and patient-derived primary and liver-metastatic CRCs. The LS174T orthotopic primary CRC model tumor to background ratio (TBR) was 2.04 (±0.35). The patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) primary CRC model TBR was 2.17 (±0.35). The PDOX liver metastasis model TBR was 1.56 (±0.53). CONCLUSION MUC4-IR800 provided bright labeling of primary and liver tumors in CRC orthotopic mouse models, demonstrating their future clinical potential for margin visualization in fluorescence guided surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Turner
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
| | - Hannah M Hollandsworth
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
| | - Siamak Amirfakhri
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
| | - Thinzar M Lwin
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
| | - Hiroto Nishino
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
| | - Nicholas C Neel
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Gopalakrishnan Natarajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow St, San Diego, CA, 92111, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Michael Bouvet
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
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18
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Rathan-Kumar S, Roland JT, Momoh M, Goldstein A, Lapierre LA, Manning E, Mitchell L, Norman J, Kaji I, Goldenring JR. Rab11FIP1-deficient mice develop spontaneous inflammation and show increased susceptibility to colon damage. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 323:G239-G254. [PMID: 35819177 PMCID: PMC9423785 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00042.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The small GTPase, Rab11a, regulates vesicle trafficking and cell polarity in epithelial cells through interaction with Rab11 family-interacting proteins (Rab11-FIPs). We hypothesized that deficiency of Rab11-FIP1 would affect mucosal integrity in the intestine. Global Rab11FIP1 knockout (KO) mice were generated by deletion of the second exon. Pathology of intestinal tissues was analyzed by immunostaining of colonic sections and RNA-sequencing of isolated colonic epithelial cells. A low concentration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS, 2%) was added to drinking water for 5 days, and injury score was compared between Rab11FIP1 KO, Rab11FIP2 KO, and heterozygous littermates. Rab11FIP1 KO mice showed normal fertility and body weight gain. More frequent lymphoid patches and infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils were identified in Rab11FIP1 KO mice before the development of rectal prolapse compared with control mice. The population of trefoil factor 3 (TFF3)-positive goblet cells was significantly lower, and the ratio of proliferative to nonproliferative cells was higher in Rab11FIP1 KO colons. Transcription signatures indicated that Rab11FIP1 deletion downregulated genes that mediate stress tolerance response, whereas genes mediating the response to infection were significantly upregulated, consistent with the inflammatory responses in the steady state. Lack of Rab11FIP1 also resulted in abnormal accumulation of subapical vesicles in colonocytes and the internalization of transmembrane mucin, MUC13, with Rab14. After DSS treatment, Rab11FIP1 KO mice showed greater body weight loss and more severe mucosal damage than those in heterozygous littermates. These findings suggest that Rab11FIP1 is important for cytoprotection mechanisms and for the maintenance of colonic mucosal integrity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although Rab11FIP1 is important in membrane trafficking in epithelial cells, the gastrointestinal phenotype of Rab11FIP1 knockout (KO) mice had never been reported. This study demonstrated that Rab11FIP1 loss induces mistrafficking of Rab14 and MUC13 and decreases in colonic goblet cells, resulting in impaired mucosal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudiksha Rathan-Kumar
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joseph T Roland
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Michael Momoh
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna Goldstein
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lynne A Lapierre
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth Manning
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Louise Mitchell
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Norman
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Izumi Kaji
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James R Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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19
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Bhatia R, Sharma S, Bhadada SK, Bishnoi M, Kondepudi KK. Lactic Acid Bacterial Supplementation Ameliorated the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Gut Inflammation and Dysbiosis in Mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:930928. [PMID: 35770157 PMCID: PMC9235405 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.930928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gut-transmitted endotoxin from Gram-negative bacteria, causes inflammatory diseases leading to the loss of gut barrier integrity and has been identified as a major pathogenic stimulator in many dysfunctions. Hence, supplementation with probiotics is believed to be one of the most effective strategies for treating many inflammatory gut disorders. Although probiotics are known to have a variety of therapeutic characteristics and to play a beneficial role in host defense responses, the molecular mechanisms by which they achieve these beneficial effects are unknown due to species- and strain-specific behaviors. Therefore, in this study, the protective role of five indigenous lactic acid bacterial strains in ameliorating LPS-induced gut barrier impairment in the C57BL/6 mice model was elucidated. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LAB3, Levilactobacillus brevis LAB20, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LAB31 were isolated from infant feces; Pediococcus acidilactici LAB8 from fermented food (Bekang); and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LAB39 from beetroot. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg of body weight) increased the levels of lipocalin and serum markers TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and the overall disease activity index in the treated group. Furthermore, gene expression of NF-kB, IL-12, and Cox-2; mucin-producing genes Muc-2 and Muc-4; and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) was deleteriously altered in the ileum of LPS-treated mice. Furthermore, LPS also induced dysbiosis in gut microbiota where higher abundances of Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Salmonella and decreased abundances of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Roseburia, and Akkermansia were observed. Western blotting results also suggested that LPS treatment causes the loss of gut barrier integrity relative to the pre-supplementation with LAB strains, which enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins and ameliorated the LPS-induced changes and inflammation. Taken together, the study suggested that LAB3 and LAB39 were more potent in ameliorating LPS-induced gut inflammation and dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Bhatia
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shikha Sharma
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Regional Centre of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Regional Centre of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
- *Correspondence: Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-7555
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20
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Liu Z, Gu Y, Li X, Zhou L, Cheng X, Jiang H, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Xu T, Yang W, Huang Q. Mucin 16 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Development and Progression Through Activation of Janus Kinase 2. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:2195-2208. [PMID: 33982216 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucin 16 (MUC16), a cell surface-associated mucin, has been implicated to be upregulated in a large repertoire of malignances. However, its function in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is unknown. AIMS Here, we explored the regulatory role of MUC16 in CRC. METHODS First, tumor and paracancerous tissues, and serum samples from 162 CRC patients, peripheral blood samples from 48 healthy volunteers and 72 benign colorectal patients were collected. The correlation between the MUC16 expression and the clinical phenotypes of the patients was analyzed. Subsequently, HCT116 and SW480 cells with deletion of MUC16 were established to detect changes in the growth and metastatic capacities of CRC cells. The genes with the highest correlation with MUC16 were predicted by bioinformatics, and their binding relationships were detected by Co-IP and double-labeled immunofluorescence, followed by functional rescue experiments. RESULTS Overexpression of MUC16 in CRC patients was positively correlated with serum biomarkers and poor prognosis of patients. It was demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments that knocking-down the expression of MUC16 could significantly inhibit the growth and metastasis of CRC cells. MUC16 activated janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) by interacting with JAK2. Further overexpression of JAK2 in cells with poor expression of MUC16 revealed a significant increase in the proliferative and metastatic capacities of CRC cells. CONCLUSIONS MUC16 contributes to the development and progression of CRC by binding to JAK2, thereby promoting phosphorylation of JAK2 and further activating STAT3 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhining Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 27, Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimei Gu
- Department of Emergency ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghua Li
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Guangzhou Daan Clinical Testing Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianbang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohu Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingfeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanshui Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 27, Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Chemically Induced Colitis-Associated Cancer Models in Rodents for Pharmacological Modulation: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102739. [PMID: 35628865 PMCID: PMC9146029 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models for colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CACC) represent an important tool to explore the mechanistic basis of cancer-related inflammation, providing important evidence that several inflammatory mediators play specific roles in the initiation and perpetuation of colitis and CACC. Although several original articles have been published describing the CACC model in rodents, there is no consensus about the induction method. This review aims to identify, summarize, compare, and discuss the chemical methods for the induction of CACC through the PRISMA methodology. METHODS We searched MEDLINE via the Pubmed platform for studies published through March 2021, using a highly sensitive search expression. The inclusion criteria were only original articles, articles where a chemically-induced animal model of CACC is described, preclinical studies in vivo with rodents, and articles published in English. RESULTS Chemically inducible models typically begin with the administration of a carcinogenic compound (as azoxymethane (AOM) or 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)), and inflammation is caused by repeated cycles of colitis-inducing agents (such as 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) or dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)). The strains mostly used are C57BL/6 and Balb/c with 5-6 weeks. To characterize the preclinical model, the parameters more used include body weight, stool consistency and morbidity, inflammatory biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β, angiogenesis markers such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), marker of proliferation Ki-67, and caspase 3, the presence of ulcers, thickness or hyperemia in the colon, and histological evaluation of inflammation. CONCLUSION The AOM administration seems to be important to the CACC induction method, since the carcinogenic effect is achieved with just one administration. DSS has been the more used inflammatory agent; however, the TNBS contribution should be more studied, since it allows a reliable, robust, and a highly reproducible animal model of intestinal inflammation.
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22
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Kaliannan K, Donnell SO, Murphy K, Stanton C, Kang C, Wang B, Li XY, Bhan AK, Kang JX. Decreased Tissue Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio Prevents Chemotherapy-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity Associated with Alterations of Gut Microbiome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105332. [PMID: 35628140 PMCID: PMC9140600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal toxicity (GIT) is a debilitating side effect of Irinotecan (CPT-11) and limits its clinical utility. Gut dysbiosis has been shown to mediate this side effect of CPT-11 by increasing gut bacterial β-glucuronidase (GUSB) activity and impairing the intestinal mucosal barrier (IMB). We have recently shown the opposing effects of omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the gut microbiome. We hypothesized that elevated levels of tissue n-3 PUFA with a decreased n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio would reduce CPT-11-induced GIT and associated changes in the gut microbiome. Using a unique transgenic mouse (FAT-1) model combined with dietary supplementation experiments, we demonstrate that an elevated tissue n-3 PUFA status with a decreased n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio significantly reduces CPT-11-induced weight loss, bloody diarrhea, gut pathological changes, and mortality. Gut microbiome analysis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and QIIME2 revealed that improvements in GIT were associated with the reduction in the CPT-11-induced increase in both GUSB-producing bacteria (e.g., Enterobacteriaceae) and GUSB enzyme activity, decrease in IMB-maintaining bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium), IMB dysfunction and systemic endotoxemia. These results uncover a host–microbiome interaction approach to the management of drug-induced gut toxicity. The prevention of CPT-11-induced gut microbiome changes by decreasing the tissue n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio could be a novel strategy to prevent chemotherapy-induced GIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanakaraju Kaliannan
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA; (K.K.); (B.W.); (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Shane O. Donnell
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (S.O.D.); (C.S.)
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Kiera Murphy
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Catherine Stanton
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (S.O.D.); (C.S.)
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Chao Kang
- Department of Nutrition, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610000, China;
| | - Bin Wang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA; (K.K.); (B.W.); (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Xiang-Yong Li
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA; (K.K.); (B.W.); (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Atul K. Bhan
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Jing X. Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA; (K.K.); (B.W.); (X.-Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(617)-726-8509; Fax: +1-(617)-726-6144
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23
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Gu W, Zhang L, Han T, Huang H, Chen J. Dynamic Changes in Gut Microbiome of Ulcerative Colitis: Initial Study from Animal Model. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2631-2647. [PMID: 35494313 PMCID: PMC9049869 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s358807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An animal model of DSS-induced UC has been widely used in basic research, and the dysbiosis of gut microbiome is one of the important pathogenetic mechanisms of DSS-induced UC, but its dynamic changes and correlation with inflammatory factors are not clear yet. Methods Clinical signs and tissue damage degree of C57BL/6 ulcerative colitis mice model induced by different concentrations of DSS were compared with that of normal mice, and finally the optimal concentration of DSS was determined. Then we analyzed the sequencing results of gut microbiome and inflammatory factors to determine the dynamic patterns of gut microbiome and their correlation with the inflammatory factors. Results DSS at 2.5% and 3.0% concentration could cause intestinal injury and induce colitis. However, 3.0% DSS resulted in higher mortality. In addition, there were dynamic changes of gut microbiome in DSS-induced UC model: the relative abundance of intestinal flora increased first and then decreased in Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Romboutsia, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, norank_f_norank_o_Clostridia_UCG-014, Parasutterella, and decreased first and then increased in Lactobacillus, Muribaculum, norank_f_Muribaculaceae, in addition, Bifidobacterium, Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002 and Enterorhabdus did not change in the first 14 days but increased significantly on day 21. Moreover, inflammatory cytokines were closely associated with the imbalance of the intestinal microbiota in mice with UC: most pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract of the UC animal model were positively correlated with pro-inflammatory factors and negatively correlated with anti-inflammatory factors, while beneficial bacteria were the opposite. Conclusion Intestinal microecology plays an important role in DSS-induced UC model, and the relative abundance of gut microbiome changes dynamically in the occurrence and development of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Gu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to ShanDong First Medical University (Jinan Central Hospital), Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangkun Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to ShanDong First Medical University (Jinan Central Hospital), Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Han
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hailiang Huang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People’s Republic of China
- Hailiang Huang, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655 Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15628987355, Email
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to ShanDong First Medical University (Jinan Central Hospital), Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jian Chen, Central Hospital Affiliated to ShanDong First Medical University (Jinan Central Hospital), No. 105 Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 133 7058 7597, Email
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24
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Pothuraju R, Pai P, Chaudhary S, Siddiqui JA, Cox JL, Kaur S, Rachagani S, Roy HK, Bouvet M, Batra SK. Depletion of transmembrane mucin 4 (Muc4) alters intestinal homeostasis in a genetically engineered mouse model of colorectal cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2025-2046. [PMID: 35255004 PMCID: PMC8954958 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mucins are components of the mucus layer overlying the intestinal epithelial cells, which maintains physiological homeostasis. Altered mucin expression is associated with disease progression. Expression of MUC4 decreases in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, its functional role and implications in the intestinal pathology in CRC are not studied well. Therefore, we generated a genetically engineered Muc4 knockout (Muc4-/-) CRC mouse model by crossing with Muc4-/- and Apcflox/flox mice in the presence of colon-specific inducible Cre. We observed that deficiency of Muc4 results in an increased number of macroscopic tumors in the colon and rectal region and leads to poor survival. Further, the absence of Muc4 was associated with goblet cell dysfunction where the expression of intestinal homeostasis molecules (Muc2 and Fam3D) was downregulated. Next, we also observed that loss of Muc4 showed reduced thickness of mucus layer, leading to infiltration of bacteria, reduction in anti-microbial peptides, and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, Apc gene mutation results in activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that corroborated with an increased nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and activation of its target genes: cyclin D1 and c-Myc in Muc4-/- mice was observed. We conclude that the presence of Muc4 is essential for intestinal homeostasis, reduces tumor burden, and improves overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Priya Pai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jesse L Cox
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Hemant K Roy
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael Bouvet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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25
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Ahmad Kendong SM, Raja Ali RA, Nawawi KNM, Ahmad HF, Mokhtar NM. Gut Dysbiosis and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction: Potential Explanation for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:744606. [PMID: 34966694 PMCID: PMC8710575 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.744606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease that commonly affects individuals aged more than 50 years old globally. Regular colorectal screening, which is recommended for individuals aged 50 and above, has decreased the number of cancer death toll over the years. However, CRC incidence has increased among younger population (below 50 years old). Environmental factors, such as smoking, dietary factor, urbanization, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity, may contribute to the rising trend of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) because of the lack of genetic susceptibility. Research has focused on the role of gut microbiota and its interaction with epithelial barrier genes in sporadic CRC. Population with increased consumption of grain and vegetables showed high abundance of Prevotella, which reduces the risk of CRC. Microbes, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli deteriorate in the intestinal barrier, which leads to the infiltration of inflammatory mediators and chemokines. Gut dysbiosis may also occur following inflammation as clearly observed in animal model. Both gut dysbiosis pre- or post-inflammatory process may cause major alteration in the morphology and functional properties of the gut tissue and explain the pathological outcome of EOCRC. The precise mechanism of disease progression from an early stage until cancer establishment is not fully understood. We hypothesized that gut dysbiosis, which may be influenced by environmental factors, may induce changes in the genome, metabolome, and immunome that could destruct the intestinal barrier function. Also, the possible underlying inflammation may give impact microbial community leading to disruption of physical and functional role of intestinal barrier. This review explains the potential role of the interaction among host factors, gut microenvironment, and gut microbiota, which may provide an answer to EOCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Maryam Ahmad Kendong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Raja Affendi Raja Ali
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,GUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Najmi Muhammad Nawawi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,GUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hajar Fauzan Ahmad
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia.,Center for Research in Advanced Tropical Bioscience, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
| | - Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,GUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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26
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Mucins Dynamics in Physiological and Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413642. [PMID: 34948435 PMCID: PMC8707880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining intestinal health requires clear segregation between epithelial cells and luminal microbes. The intestinal mucus layer, produced by goblet cells (GCs), is a key element in maintaining the functional protection of the epithelium. The importance of the gut mucus barrier is highlighted in mice lacking Muc2, the major form of secreted mucins. These mice show closer bacterial residence to epithelial cells, develop spontaneous colitis and became moribund when infected with the attaching and effacing pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. Furthermore, numerous observations have associated GCs and mucus layer dysfunction to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the physiology of GCs and the mucus layer remain obscured. In this review, we consider novel findings describing divergent functionality and expression profiles of GCs subtypes within intestinal crypts. We also discuss internal (host) and external (diets and bacteria) factors that modulate different aspects of the mucus layer as well as the contribution of an altered mucus barrier to the onset of IBD.
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27
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He M, Li C, Tang W, Kang Y, Zuo Y, Wang Y. Machine learning gene expression predicting model for ustekinumab response in patients with Crohn's disease. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:1529-1540. [PMID: 34469062 PMCID: PMC8589399 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies reported the responses of ustekinumab (UST) for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) differ among patients, while the cause was unrevealed. The study aimed to develop a prediction model based on the gene transcription profiling of patients with CD in response to UST. Methods The GSE112366 dataset, which contains 86 CD and 26 normal samples, was downloaded for analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified first. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were administered. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis was performed to build a model for UST response prediction. Results A total of 122 DEGs were identified. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that immune response pathways are significantly enriched in patients with CD. A multivariate logistic regression equation that comprises four genes (HSD3B1, MUC4, CF1, and CCL11) for UST response prediction was built. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for patients in training set and testing set were 0.746 and 0.734, respectively. Conclusions This study is the first to build a gene expression prediction model for UST response in patients with CD and provides valuable data sources for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manrong He
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanxin Tang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingxi Kang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongdi Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yufang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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28
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Gao XP, Dong JJ, Xie T, Guan X. Integrative Analysis of MUC4 to Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Pan-Cancer: Friend or Foe? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:695544. [PMID: 34336844 PMCID: PMC8322945 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.695544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MUC4, a transmembrane mucin, plays important roles in epithelial renewal and differentiation. Recent studies suggest that MUC4 has been implicated in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and is expressed in various normal and cancer tissues. The underlying features of MUC4 across various cancer types may allow us to ensure appropriate treatment and patient monitoring. However, the contributions of MUC4 to pan-cancer have not been well characterized. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern and prognostic value of MUC4 across multiple databases. We further explored genomic and epigenetic alterations of MUC4, its association with proliferation and metastasis, and the correlation with immune infiltration in different cancers. Our results characterized the distinct expression profile and prognostic values of MUC4 in pan-cancer. Through examining its association with genomic alteration, tumor proliferation, and metastasis, as well as tumor infiltration, we revealed multiple function effects of MUC4. MUC4 may influence prognosis, proliferation, metastasis, and immune response in opposite directions. In conclusion, our findings suggested the necessity to more carefully evaluate MUC4 as a biomarker and therapeutic target and develop the new antibodies for cancer detection and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Jie-Jie Dong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Center for Cancer Bioinformatics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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29
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Yim SK, Kim SW, Lee ST. Efficient Stool Collection Methods for Evaluating the Diarrhea Score in Mouse Diarrhea Models. In Vivo 2021; 35:2115-2125. [PMID: 34182487 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The mouse diarrhea score is usually determined by evaluating stool consistency and shape. Thus, defecated stools should be collected without damage or contamination. The study aimed to develop improved mouse stool collection methods and diarrhea-scoring criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed improved stool collection methods (paper towel methods) and compared them with previously used ones (stool collection using regular cages containing bedding chips or filter paper and metabolic cages). RESULTS Compared to previously used methods, paper towel methods collected stools without bedding chips-induced contamination, mouse body/foot-induced damage, or sampling errors. When using paper towel methods, wet stools create water marks (diarrhea marks) on paper towels with strong water absorption capacity, by which diarrheal severity can be analyzed semi-quantitatively. To improve the objectivity in determining diarrhea scores, practical diarrhea-scoring criteria were also proposed. CONCLUSION These results would be helpful to researchers facing difficulties in evaluating the mouse diarrhea score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Kyun Yim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Teik Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; .,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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30
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Mashtoub S, Chartier LC, Trinder D, Lawrance IC, Howarth GS. Emu Oil Attenuates Disease Severity and Results in Fewer Large Colonic Tumors in a Mouse Model of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:715-723. [PMID: 33840308 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1909737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis patients have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of the current study was to determine whether Emu Oil (EO) could reduce the severity of colitis, thereby inhibiting colitis-associated CRC (CA-CRC) development. Female C57BL/6 mice (n = 8/group) were injected (i.p.) with saline or azoxymethane (AOM) (7.4 mg/kg). Mice underwent three dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)/water cycles. Mice were orally-administered either water (160 µL) or EO (80 µL or 160 µL) thrice weekly and euthanized after 12 weeks. AOM/DSS decreased bodyweight compared with normal controls (max. 20%; p < 0.05). In AOM/DSS mice, EO (160 µL) increased bodyweight compared with untreated and 80 µL EO-treated mice (max. 10%; p < 0.05). Both volumes of EO reduced disease activity index (DAI) scores on day 49, 56-63 (max. 40%; p < 0.05), compared with AOM/DSS controls. Histological damage was increased in the distal colon of AOM/DSS mice, and reduced by EO (160 µL; p < 0.05). Mucin-secreting goblet cells were increased by AOM/DSS compared to normal, with no effect observed following EO treatment (p > 0.05). Large tumor numbers were decreased in EO-treated mice (160 µL; 2 ± 0.6) compared with AOM/DSS controls (5 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). EO did not impact overall tumor number (p > 0.05). Other analyses remained unchanged across groups (p > 0.05). EO demonstrates promise as an adjunct to conventional treatment options for colitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Mashtoub
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Gastroenterology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lauren C Chartier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Debbie Trinder
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ian C Lawrance
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Saint John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gordon S Howarth
- Department of Gastroenterology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia, Australia
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31
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O-glycan recognition and function in mice and human cancers. Biochem J 2020; 477:1541-1564. [PMID: 32348475 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation represents a nearly ubiquitous post-translational modification, and altered glycosylation can result in clinically significant pathological consequences. Here we focus on O-glycosylation in tumor cells of mice and humans. O-glycans are those linked to serine and threonine (Ser/Thr) residues via N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), which are oligosaccharides that occur widely in glycoproteins, such as those expressed on the surfaces and in secretions of all cell types. The structure and expression of O-glycans are dependent on the cell type and disease state of the cells. There is a great interest in O-glycosylation of tumor cells, as they typically express many altered types of O-glycans compared with untransformed cells. Such altered expression of glycans, quantitatively and/or qualitatively on different glycoproteins, is used as circulating tumor biomarkers, such as CA19-9 and CA-125. Other tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), such as the Tn antigen and sialyl-Tn antigen (STn), are truncated O-glycans commonly expressed by carcinomas on multiple glycoproteins; they contribute to tumor development and serve as potential biomarkers for tumor presence and stage, both in immunohistochemistry and in serum diagnostics. Here we discuss O-glycosylation in murine and human cells with a focus on colorectal, breast, and pancreatic cancers, centering on the structure, function and recognition of O-glycans. There are enormous opportunities to exploit our knowledge of O-glycosylation in tumor cells to develop new diagnostics and therapeutics.
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32
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Bresalier RS, Grady WM, Markowitz SD, Nielsen HJ, Batra SK, Lampe PD. Biomarkers for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer: The Early Detection Research Network, a Framework for Clinical Translation. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:2431-2440. [PMID: 32299850 PMCID: PMC7572434 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection by screening significantly reduces mortality from colorectal cancer, but 40% of guideline-eligible patients are not screened as recommended in the United States. Novel strategies to improve screening uptake overall and efforts to deploy best practices to underserved populations are a high priority for health care. This review focuses on existing biomarkers in practice and those in development with clinical relevance to early detection of colorectal neoplasia, with an emphasis on those developed by investigators of the NCI's Early Detection Research Network. Aberrantly methylated DNA markers (blood and stool), stool-based markers (including fecal immunochemical test-DNA), and a variety of blood-based marker assays in development (protein markers, glycoproteins including mucins, and cell-free DNA tests) are reviewed. Individual markers and biomarker panels, sample resources, and barriers to translating biomarkers to clinical practice are discussed.See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, "NCI Early Detection Research Network: Making Cancer Detection Possible."
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Bresalier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - William M Grady
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and the Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sanford D Markowitz
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Division of Hematology-Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Hans Jørgen Nielsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- The Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Paul D Lampe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
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33
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Grondin JA, Kwon YH, Far PM, Haq S, Khan WI. Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2054. [PMID: 33013869 PMCID: PMC7500085 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a distinct mucus layer composed of highly glycosylated proteins called mucins plays an essential role in providing lubrication for the passage of food, participating in cell signaling pathways and protecting the host epithelium from commensal microorganisms and invading pathogens, as well as toxins and other environmental irritants. These mucins can be broadly classified into either secreted gel-forming mucins, those that provide the structural backbone for the mucus barrier, or transmembrane mucins, those that form the glycocalyx layer covering the underlying epithelial cells. Goblet cells dispersed among the intestinal epithelial cells are chiefly responsible for the synthesis and secretion of mucins within the gut and are heavily influenced by interactions with the immune system. Evidence from both clinical and animal studies have indicated that several GI conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer, and numerous enteric infections are accompanied by considerable changes in mucin quality and quantity. These changes include, but are not limited to, impaired goblet cell function, synthesis dysregulation, and altered post-translational modifications. The current review aims to highlight the structural and functional features as well as the production and immunological regulation of mucins and the impact these key elements have within the context of barrier function and host defense in intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensine A Grondin
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yun Han Kwon
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Parsa Mehraban Far
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sabah Haq
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Waliul I Khan
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Breugelmans T, Van Spaendonk H, De Man JG, De Schepper HU, Jauregui-Amezaga A, Macken E, Lindén SK, Pintelon I, Timmermans JP, De Winter BY, Smet A. In-Depth Study of Transmembrane Mucins in Association with Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction During the Course of T Cell Transfer and DSS-Induced Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:974-994. [PMID: 32003421 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is evidence for a disturbed intestinal barrier function in inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Because mucins represent the major components of the mucus barrier and disturbed mucin expression is reported in the colon of IBD patients, we studied the association between mucin expression, inflammation and intestinal permeability in experimental colitis. METHODS We quantified 4-kDa FITC-dextran intestinal permeability and the expression of cytokines, mucins, junctional and polarity proteins at dedicated time points in the adoptive T cell transfer and dextran sodium sulfate [DSS]-induced colitis models. Mucin expression was also validated in biopsies from IBD patients. RESULTS In both animal models, the course of colitis was associated with increased interleukin-1β [IL-1β] and tumour necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] expression and increased Muc1 and Muc13 expression. In the T cell transfer model, a gradually increasing Muc1 expression coincided with gradually increasing 4-kDa FITC-dextran intestinal permeability and correlated with enhanced IL-1β expression. In the DSS model, Muc13 expression coincided with rapidly increased 4-kDa FITC-dextran intestinal permeability and correlated with TNF-α and Muc1 overexpression. Moreover, a significant association was observed between Muc1, Cldn1, Ocln, Par3 and aPKCζ expression in the T cell transfer model and between Muc13, Cldn1, Jam2, Tjp2, aPkcζ, Crb3 and Scrib expression in the DSS model. Additionally, MUC1 and MUC13 expression was upregulated in inflamed mucosa of IBD patients. CONCLUSIONS Aberrantly expressed MUC1 and MUC13 might be involved in intestinal barrier dysfunction upon inflammation by affecting junctional and cell polarity proteins, indicating their potential as therapeutic targets in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Breugelmans
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hanne Van Spaendonk
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joris G De Man
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Heiko U De Schepper
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Elisabeth Macken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sara K Lindén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology & Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology & Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Y De Winter
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annemieke Smet
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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35
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Shi J, Jiang D, Yang S, Sun Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Lu Y, Yang K. Molecular profile reveals immune-associated markers of lymphatic invasion in human colon adenocarcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106402. [PMID: 32200154 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic invasion (LI) is an early event of metastasis and closely associated with overall survival in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). Our aim was to gain deeper insight into the mechanism of lymphatic invasion in COAD. Subtype-specific somatic mutations and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screening were based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was utilized to explore the biological function. The condition of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was performed by TIMER online database. Survival analysis was based on Kaplan-Meier curve method. Lymphatic invasion was associated with poor prognosis of patients with COAD. Nine mutations were enriched in lymphatic invasion-negative group. A total of 50 were differentially expressed between LI-positive tissues and LI-negative tissues. The DEGs were enriched in lipoprotein-related functions. MUC4 in-frame deletion at A4166-S4181 was associated with favorable prognosis of COAD patients. BMPR2 frameshift mutation g.chr2:202555407delA played cis and trans functions in downregulation of itself and CTLA4 upregulation. And it was associated with higher mutational burden. LAMP5, CUBN and TCHH were DEGs associated with prognosis and abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. In conclusion, our study provides LI-associated genetic and transcriptional alterations, which helps to better understand the potential mechanisms and microenvironment in COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Shi
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongbo Jiang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuya Yang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Sun
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Lu
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Yu J, Xu L, Yan J, Yu J, Wu X, Dai J, Guo J, Kong Y. MUC4 isoforms expression profiling and prognosis value in Chinese melanoma patients. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:299-311. [PMID: 32172429 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00619-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mucin 4 (MUC4), a type I membrane-bound mucin, blocks apoptosis, promotes invasion, proliferation and migration and causes chemo-resistance in epithelial cancers. However, the expression profiling and clinical implications of MUC4 alternative splicing during cancer pathogenesis, including melanoma, remain obscure. We examined the mRNA expression profiling of MUC4 isoforms in gastrointestinal cancer cell lines, melanoma cell lines, human epidermal melanocyte cells, as well as 138 cases of human melanoma tissues by RT-qPCR. Then we analyzed the relationship of mRNA expression of MUC4 isoforms to clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients. The dynamic mRNA expression profiling of MUC4 isoforms was found in melanoma. We identified MUC4 isoform f was highly expressed in melanoma cell lines but negative in gastrointestinal cancer cell lines. Clinical analysis based on 138 cases of human melanomas showed that MUC4 isoform d was related with melanoma subtypes (p = 0.028) and TNM stage (p = 0.036). MUC4 isoform e was related with tumor thickness (p = 0.004) and T stage (p = 0.036). The Kaplan-Meier assay showed that the median overall survival (OS) for patients with MUC4 isoform f high expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with low expression (p = 0.024). And the median PFS of the patients with high expression of MUC4 isoform d or e was significantly shorter than that of with low expression (p = 0.012 and 0.035, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that high level of MUC4 isoform f was an independent prognostic factor for OS, and MUC4 isoform d was an independent prognostic factor for PFS of patients treated with chemotherapy. In conclusion, our results indicate that the dynamic MUC4 isoforms expressed in melanoma, and MUC4 isoform d and f might be served as a novel prognostic indicator of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Longwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junya Yan
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Pothuraju R, Krishn SR, Gautam SK, Pai P, Ganguly K, Chaudhary S, Rachagani S, Kaur S, Batra SK. Mechanistic and Functional Shades of Mucins and Associated Glycans in Colon Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E649. [PMID: 32168759 PMCID: PMC7139953 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucus serves as the chief protective barrier against pathogenic and mechanical insults in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts. Altered mucin expression, the major component of mucus, in conjunction with differential glycosylation has been strongly associated with both benign and malignant pathologies of colon. Mucins and their associated glycans arbitrate their impact sterically as well as mechanically by altering molecular and microbial spectrum during pathogenesis. Mucin expression in normal and pathological conditions is regulated by nonspecific (dietary factors and gut microbiota) and specific (epigenetic and transcriptional) modulators. Further, recent studies highlight the impact of altering mucin glycome (cancer-associated carbohydrate antigens including Tn, Sialyl-Tn, Sialyl-Lew A, and Sialyl-Lewis X) on host immunomodulation, antitumor immunity, as well as gut microbiota. In light of emerging literature, the present review article digs into the impact of structural organization and of expressional and glycosylation alteration of mucin family members on benign and malignant pathologies of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Shiv Ram Krishn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Shailendra K. Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Priya Pai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Koelina Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Inflammation-induced JMJD2D promotes colitis recovery and colon tumorigenesis by activating Hedgehog signaling. Oncogene 2020; 39:3336-3353. [PMID: 32094404 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Histone demethylase JMJD2D can promote gene expression by specifically demethylating H3K9me2/3. The role of JMJD2D in colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains unclear. Here, we show that colonic JMJD2D is induced by TNFα during dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. JMJD2D-deficient mice exhibit more severe colon damage and defective colon regeneration due to impaired Hedgehog signaling activation after colitis. JMJD2D knockdown in CRC cells suppresses Hedgehog signaling, resulting in reduced CRC growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, JMJD2D promotes Hedgehog target gene expression through interacting with Gli2 to reduce H3K9me3 levels at the promoter. Clinically, JMJD2D expression is upregulated and positively correlated with Gli2 expression in human inflammatory bowel disease specimens and CRC specimens. The JMJD2D inhibitor 5-c-8HQ or aspirin synergizes with Hedgehog inhibitor vismodegib to inhibit CRC cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Collectively, our findings unveil an essential role of JMJD2D in activating the processes of colonic protection, regeneration, and tumorigenesis.
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Reynolds IS, Fichtner M, McNamara DA, Kay EW, Prehn JHM, Burke JP. Mucin glycoproteins block apoptosis; promote invasion, proliferation, and migration; and cause chemoresistance through diverse pathways in epithelial cancers. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 38:237-257. [PMID: 30680581 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09781-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of mucin glycoproteins has been demonstrated in many epithelial-derived cancers. The significance of this overexpression remains uncertain. The aim of this paper was to define the association of mucin glycoproteins with apoptosis, cell growth, invasion, migration, adhesion, and clonogenicity in vitro as well as tumor growth, tumorigenicity, and metastasis in vivo in epithelial-derived cancers by performing a systematic review of all published data. A systematic review of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was performed to identify all papers that evaluated the association between mucin glycoproteins with apoptosis, cell growth, invasion, migration, adhesion, and clonogenicity in vitro as well as tumor growth, tumorigenicity, and metastasis in vivo in epithelial-derived cancers. PRISMA guidelines were adhered to. Results of individual studies were extracted and pooled together based on the organ in which the cancer was derived from. The initial search revealed 2031 papers, of which 90 were deemed eligible for inclusion in the study. The studies included details on MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC13, and MUC16. The majority of studies evaluated MUC1. MUC1 overexpression was consistently associated with resistance to apoptosis and resistance to chemotherapy. There was also evidence that overexpression of MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC13, and MUC16 conferred resistance to apoptosis in epithelial-derived cancers. The overexpression of mucin glycoproteins is associated with resistance to apoptosis in numerous epithelial cancers. They cause resistance through diverse signaling pathways. Targeting the expression of mucin glycoproteins represents a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of epithelial-derived cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S Reynolds
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Michael Fichtner
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Deborah A McNamara
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Elaine W Kay
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - John P Burke
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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Retinoid acid induced 16 deficiency aggravates colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:958. [PMID: 31862898 PMCID: PMC6925230 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2186-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is a serious health issue, but etiopathological factors remain unclear. Although some studies reported the roles of Retinoid acid induced 16 (RAI16) in the tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and PKA signaling, the roles of RAI16 in IBD and CRC are undressed. RAI16−/− mice were generated and the roles of RAI16 were addressed in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) or azoxymethane (AOM)-DSS induced IBD or CAC mouse models, respectively. At first, RAI16−/− mice were viable, fertile with no apparent defects. Then, it was found that RAI16−/− mice were more susceptibility to colitis induced by DSS than wild type (WT) littermates, which was evaluated by disease activity index and histological score. Furthermore, the expressions of tissues repair associated molecules Cox2, Ereg and MMP-10 were significantly decreased in RAI16−/− colon under DSS treatment. Gut barrier related genes including antimicrobial peptides Reg3b and Reg3g and intestinal mucus genes Muc4, Muc6 and Muc20 were reduced in RAI16−/− colon. These findings indicated that RAI16 may function to affect genes involved in intestinal barrier function and immunoprotective inflammation. Accordingly, RAI16−/− mice displayed significantly increased tumor burden compared with WT mice assessed in CAC model induced by AOM/DSS. Much more Ki67 + nuclei were observed in RAI16−/− tumors suggesting RAI16 to be critical in colonic cell proliferation during tumorigenesis. Conclusively, we demonstrate the roles of RAI16 in colonic inflammation and inflammation-associated tumorigenesis by using a novel RAI16−/− mouse model for the first time.
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The Antioxidant Alpha-Lipoic Acid Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion of Human Gastric Cancer Cells via Suppression of STAT3-Mediated MUC4 Gene Expression. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3643715. [PMID: 31915505 PMCID: PMC6930776 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3643715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Metastasis and invasion are the main causes of mortality in gastric cancer. To improve the treatment of gastric cancer, the development of effective and innovative antitumor agents toward invasion and proliferation is needed. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a naturally occurring thiol antioxidant, showed antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on several cancers. So it is feasible to explore whether ALA can be used to inhibit proliferation and invasion in human gastric cancer. Methods The expression of MUC4 in human gastric cancer tissues was assayed by immunohistochemistry. Then, we performed in vitro cell proliferation and invasion analysis to explore the antitumor effect of ALA using AGS, BGC-823, and MKN-28 cells. To further explore the mechanism of ALA-mediated downregulation of MUC4, we cotransfected human gastric cancer cells with STAT3 siRNA and STAT3 overexpression construct. ChIP assays were carried out to find the relationship between MUC4 and STAT3. Results We found that the MUC4 gene was strongly expressed in human gastric cancer tissues. Meanwhile, ALA reduced proliferation and invasion of human gastric cancer cells by suppressing MUC4 expression. We also found that STAT3 was involved in the inhibition of MUC4 by ALA. Mechanistically, ALA suppressed MUC4 expression by inhibiting STAT3 binding to the MUC4 promoter region. Conclusion ALA inhibits both proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells by suppression of STAT3-mediated MUC4 gene expression.
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Fini ME, Jeong S, Gong H, Martinez-Carrasco R, Laver NMV, Hijikata M, Keicho N, Argüeso P. Membrane-associated mucins of the ocular surface: New genes, new protein functions and new biological roles in human and mouse. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 75:100777. [PMID: 31493487 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal glycocalyx of the ocular surface constitutes the point of interaction between the tear film and the apical epithelial cells. Membrane-associated mucins (MAMs) are the defining molecules of the glycocalyx in all mucosal epithelia. Long recognized for their biophysical properties of hydration, lubrication, anti-adhesion and repulsion, MAMs maintain the wet ocular surface, lubricate the blink, stabilize the tear film and create a physical barrier to the outside world. However, it is increasingly appreciated that MAMs also function as cell surface receptors that transduce information from the outside to the inside of the cell. A number of excellent review articles have provided perspective on the field as it has progressed since 1987, when molecular cloning of the first MAM was reported. The current article provides an update for the ocular surface, placing it into the broad context of findings made in other organ systems, and including new genes, new protein functions and new biological roles. We discuss the epithelial tissue-equivalent with mucosal differentiation, the key model system making these advances possible. In addition, we make the first systematic comparison of MAMs in human and mouse, establishing the basis for using knockout mice for investigations with the complexity of an in vivo system. Lastly, we discuss findings from human genetics/genomics, which are providing clues to new MAM roles previously unimagined. Taken together, this information allows us to generate hypotheses for the next stage of investigation to expand our knowledge of MAM function in intracellular signaling and roles unique to the ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elizabeth Fini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, at New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Shinwu Jeong
- USC Roski Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Haiyan Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Rafael Martinez-Carrasco
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, at New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Nora M V Laver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, at New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Minako Hijikata
- Department of Pathophysiology and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8533, Japan.
| | - Naoto Keicho
- Department of Pathophysiology and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8533, Japan.
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, at Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass. Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Ocular mucins in dry eye disease. Exp Eye Res 2019; 186:107724. [PMID: 31325452 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye disease is a common and multifactorial disease with a high prevalence worldwide. Water loss, reduced expression of glycocalyx mucins, and loss of goblet cells secreting gel-forming mucins are hallmarks of dry eye disease. Mucins are large and complex heavily glycosylated proteins. Their organization in the tear film remains unclear, but they play a key role to protect and maintain integrity of the ocular surface. Mice have been extremely valuable mammalian models with which to study ocular physiology and disease, and to evaluate eye therapies. Genetically modified mice and spontaneously occurring mutants with eye defects have proven to be powerful tools for the pharmaceutical industry, clinicians, and basic researchers investigating dry eye disease. However, ocular mucins remain relatively under-studied and inadequately characterized. This review aims to summarize current knowledge about mucin production at the ocular surface in healthy individuals and in dry eye disease, and to compile an overview of mouse models available for the study of mucins in dry eye disease.
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Conserved transcriptomic profile between mouse and human colitis allows unsupervised patient stratification. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2892. [PMID: 31253778 PMCID: PMC6598981 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical manifestations and response to therapies in ulcerative colitis (UC) are heterogeneous, yet patient classification criteria for tailored therapies are currently lacking. Here, we present an unsupervised molecular classification of UC patients, concordant with response to therapy in independent retrospective cohorts. We show that classical clustering of UC patient tissue transcriptomic data sets does not identify clinically relevant profiles, likely due to associated covariates. To overcome this, we compare cross-sectional human data sets with a newly generated longitudinal transcriptome profile of murine DSS-induced colitis. We show that the majority of colitis risk-associated gene expression peaks during the inflammatory rather than the recovery phase. Moreover, we achieve UC patient clustering into two distinct transcriptomic profiles, differing in neutrophil-related gene activation. Notably, 87% of patients in UC1 cluster are unresponsive to two most widely used biological therapies. These results demonstrate that cross-species comparison enables stratification of patients undistinguishable by other molecular approaches.
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Song CH, Kim N, Sohn SH, Lee SM, Nam RH, Na HY, Lee DH, Surh YJ. Effects of 17β-Estradiol on Colonic Permeability and Inflammation in an Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Mouse Model. Gut Liver 2019; 12:682-693. [PMID: 30400733 PMCID: PMC6254630 DOI: 10.5009/gnl18221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Intestinal barrier dysfunction is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as ulcerative colitis. This dysfunction is caused by increased permeability and the loss of tight junctions in intestinal epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether estradiol treatment reduces colonic permeability, tight junction disruption, and inflammation in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colon cancer mouse model. Methods The effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) were evaluated in ICR male mice 4 weeks after AOM/DSS treatment. Histological damage was scored by hematoxylin and eosin staining and the levels of the colonic mucosal cytokine myeloperoxidase (MPO) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To evaluate the effects of E2 on intestinal permeability, tight junctions, and inflammation, we performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, the expression levels of mucin 2 (MUC2) and mucin 4 (MUC4) were measured as target genes for intestinal permeability, whereas zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), occludin (OCLN), and claudin 4 (CLDN4) served as target genes for the tight junctions. Results The colitis-mediated induced damage score and MPO activity were reduced by E2 treatment (p<0.05). In addition, the mRNA expression levels of intestinal barrier-related molecules (i.e., MUC2, ZO-1, OCLN, and CLDN4) were decreased by AOM/DSS-treatment; furthermore, this inhibition was rescued by E2 supplementation. The mRNA and protein expression of inflammation-related genes (i.e., KLF4, NF-κB, iNOS, and COX-2) was increased by AOM/DSS-treatment and ameliorated by E2. Conclusions E2 acts through the estrogen receptor β signaling pathway to elicit anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal barrier by inducing the expression of MUC2 and tight junction molecules and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hee Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sun Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ryoung Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hee Young Na
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
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Brusatin G, Panciera T, Gandin A, Citron A, Piccolo S. Biomaterials and engineered microenvironments to control YAP/TAZ-dependent cell behaviour. NATURE MATERIALS 2018; 17:1063-1075. [PMID: 30374202 PMCID: PMC6992423 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical signals are increasingly recognized as overarching regulators of cell behaviour, controlling stemness, organoid biology, tissue development and regeneration. Moreover, aberrant mechanotransduction is a driver of disease, including cancer, fibrosis and cardiovascular defects. A central question remains how cells compute a host of biomechanical signals into meaningful biological behaviours. Biomaterials and microfabrication technologies are essential to address this issue. Here we review a large body of evidence that connects diverse biomaterial-based systems to the functions of YAP/TAZ, two highly related mechanosensitive transcriptional regulators. YAP/TAZ orchestrate the response to a suite of engineered microenviroments, emerging as a universal control system for cells in two and three dimensions, in static or dynamic fashions, over a range of elastic and viscoelastic stimuli, from solid to fluid states. This approach may guide the rational design of technological and material-based platforms with dramatically improved functionalities and inform the generation of new biomaterials for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Brusatin
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII) and INSTM, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Tito Panciera
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gandin
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII) and INSTM, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Citron
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Piccolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.
- IFOM-the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, .
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Abstract
Purpose of Review The trillions of microbes collectively referred to as the human microbiota, inhabit the human body and establish a beneficial relationship with the host. It is clear however that dysbiosis impacting microbial diversity in the gut, may lead to development of inflammatory and malignant gastrointestinal diseases including colorectal cancer (CRC). We provide a literature review of the recent influx of information related to the alterations in gut microbiota composition that influences CRC incidence and progression. Recent Findings A growing body of evidence implicates altered gut microbiota in the development of CRC. Profiles of CRC associated microbiota have been shown to differ from those in healthy subjects and bacterial phylotypes vary depending on the primary tumor location. The compositional variation in the microbial profile is not restricted to cancerous tissue however and is different between cancers of the proximal and distal colons, respectively. More recently, studies have shed light on the "driver-passenger" model for CRC wherein, driver bacteria cause inflammation, increased cell proliferation and production of genotoxic substances to contribute towards mutational acquisition associated with adenoma-carcinoma sequence. These changes facilitate gradual replacement of driver bacteria by passengers that either promote or suppress tumor progression. Significant advances have also been made in associating individual bacterial species to consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) of CRC and this remarkable development is expected to galvanize scientific community into advancing therapeutic strategies for CRC. Summary Increasing evidence suggests a link between the intestinal microbiota and CRC development although the mechanisms through which the bacterial constituents of the microbiome contribute towards CRC are complex and yet to be fully fathomed. Thus, more exhaustive and mechanistic studies are needed to identify key interactions amongst diet, microbial community and metabolites that help facilitate the adenoma-carcinoma sequence evolution in CRC. It is expected that development of therapeutics based on microbial association with CMS will likely facilitate the translation of molecular subtypes into the clinic for CRCs and potentially other malignancies.
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Jiang Y, Liu Z, Hu Y, Gao T, Wen T, An G. Correlation of Tn antigen expression with mucins in Chinese patients with colorectal cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:1562-1568. [PMID: 31938254 PMCID: PMC6958097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Tn antigen expression, indicative of aberrant O-glycosylation, is frequently observed in human colorectal cancer (CRC) and is proposed to play key roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Tn antigen appears to produce global effects on O-glycosylation of proteins, particularly on mucins. However, the association between expression of Tn antigen and mucins in CRC remains unclear. Here, we investigated the expression profile of Tn antigen as well as MUC1, MUC2, and MUC4 in a series of human CRC tissues, with the aim of determining whether the Tn antigen has an influence on mucins in the development of CRC. Methods: Expression and localization of Tn antigen, MUC1, MUC2, and MUC4 were determined by multiplex immunohistochemical staining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded colonic sections from Chinese patients with primary CRC. Results: The data show that 65 of 78 (83.3%) patients with CRC were found to express Tn antigen, which was most often stained in the apical cell membranes, mucin droplets, and cytoplasm of the cancer tissues. No Tn antigen was detected in normal colonic tissues. Correspondingly, there were altered patterns in the expression of mucins. Compared with normal colonic tissues that were absent of Tn staining, MUC1 and MUC4 showed an up-regulated and diffuse expression pattern in cancer tissues that expressed Tn antigen, whereas MUC2 expression was significantly decreased in Tn-positive cancer tissues. Conclusions: These results indicate that Tn antigen expression is closely associated with altered expression of mucins in human CRC. Tn antigen may promote development of CRC through affecting the associated mucins expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yizhang Hu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Tianbo Gao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Tao Wen
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Guangyu An
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Microbiota is a major player in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we summarize the key advances achieved in the past 18 months (ending June 2017) toward a better understanding of the role of microbiota in colitis and CRC development. RECENT FINDINGS Accumulating evidence shows the essential role of intestinal barrier function (e.g. mucus, IgA, LCN2, LYPD8) in protecting against bacteria-induced inflammation and tumor development. Numerous signaling pathways (e.g. TLRs and NLRs), metabolites (e.g. indole, bile acids, retinoic acid) and small noncoding RNAs (e.g. miRNA) have been identified as key mediators regulating host-microbe interactions in the intestine. Novel microbial drivers of colitis and tumorigenesis (e.g. Alistipes finegoldii, Atopobium parvalum, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius) have been identified and their disease-promoting activities have been described. SUMMARY IBD-associated colorectal cancer results from a complex breakdown of communication between the host and its microbiota, involving barrier function, immune signaling and metabolites.
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Cell membrane-anchored MUC4 promotes tumorigenicity in epithelial carcinomas. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14147-14157. [PMID: 27829225 PMCID: PMC5355169 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell surface membrane-bound mucin protein MUC4 promotes tumorigenicity, aggressive behavior, and poor outcomes in various types of epithelial carcinomas, including pancreatic, breast, colon, ovarian, and prostate cancer. This review summarizes the theories and findings regarding MUC4 function, and its role in epithelial carcinogenesis. Based on these insights, we developed an outline of the processes and mechanisms by which MUC4 critically supports the propagation and survival of cancer cells in various epithelial organs. MUC4 may therefore be a useful prognostic and diagnostic tool that improves our ability to eradicate various forms of cancer.
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