1
|
Cerella C, Gajulapalli SR, Lorant A, Gerard D, Muller F, Lee Y, Kim KR, Han BW, Christov C, Récher C, Sarry JE, Dicato M, Diederich M. ATP1A1/BCL2L1 predicts the response of myelomonocytic and monocytic acute myeloid leukemia to cardiac glycosides. Leukemia 2024; 38:67-81. [PMID: 37904054 PMCID: PMC10776384 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Myelomonocytic and monocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subtypes are intrinsically resistant to venetoclax-based regimens. Identifying targetable vulnerabilities would limit resistance and relapse. We previously documented the synergism of venetoclax and cardiac glycoside (CG) combination in AML. Despite preclinical evidence, the repurposing of cardiac glycosides (CGs) in cancer therapy remained unsuccessful due to a lack of predictive biomarkers. We report that the ex vivo response of AML patient blasts and the in vitro sensitivity of established cell lines to the hemi-synthetic CG UNBS1450 correlates with the ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 1 (ATP1A1)/BCL2 like 1 (BCL2L1) expression ratio. Publicly available AML datasets identify myelomonocytic/monocytic differentiation as the most robust prognostic feature, along with core-binding factor subunit beta (CBFB), lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) rearrangements, and missense Fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations. Mechanistically, BCL2L1 protects from cell death commitment induced by the CG-mediated stepwise triggering of ionic perturbation, protein synthesis inhibition, and MCL1 downregulation. In vivo, CGs showed an overall tolerable profile while impacting tumor growth with an effect ranging from tumor growth inhibition to regression. These findings suggest a predictive marker for CG repurposing in specific AML subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cerella
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Fondation Recherche sur le Cancer et les Maladies du Sang, Pavillon 2, 6A rue Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Sruthi Reddy Gajulapalli
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Anne Lorant
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Fondation Recherche sur le Cancer et les Maladies du Sang, Pavillon 2, 6A rue Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Deborah Gerard
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Fondation Recherche sur le Cancer et les Maladies du Sang, Pavillon 2, 6A rue Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Florian Muller
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Fondation Recherche sur le Cancer et les Maladies du Sang, Pavillon 2, 6A rue Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Yejin Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Rok Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Woo Han
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Christo Christov
- University of Lorraine, Service Commun de Microscopie, Nancy, France
| | - Christian Récher
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR 1037 INSERM/ Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, 2 avenue Hubert Curien, Oncopôle, 31037, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR 1037 INSERM/ Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, 2 avenue Hubert Curien, Oncopôle, 31037, Toulouse, France
| | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Fondation Recherche sur le Cancer et les Maladies du Sang, Pavillon 2, 6A rue Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Marc Diederich
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Leak L, Dixon SJ. Surveying the landscape of emerging and understudied cell death mechanisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119432. [PMID: 36690038 PMCID: PMC9969746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell death can be a highly regulated process. A large and growing number of mammalian cell death mechanisms have been described over the past few decades. Major pathways with established roles in normal or disease biology include apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. However, additional non-apoptotic cell death mechanisms with unique morphological, genetic, and biochemical features have also been described. These mechanisms may play highly specialized physiological roles or only become activated in response to specific lethal stimuli or conditions. Understanding the nature of these emerging and understudied mechanisms may provide new insight into cell death biology and suggest new treatments for diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Logan Leak
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang J, Xu W, Wang W, Pan Z, Qin Q, Huang X, Huang Y. Largemouth Bass Virus Infection Induced Non-Apoptotic Cell Death in MsF Cells. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071568. [PMID: 35891548 PMCID: PMC9321053 DOI: 10.3390/v14071568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Largemouth bass virus (LMBV), belonging to the genus Ranavirus, causes high mortality and heavy economic losses in largemouth bass aquaculture. In the present study, a novel cell line, designated as MsF, was established from the fin of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and applied to investigate the characteristics of cell death induced by LMBV. MsF cells showed susceptibility to LMBV, evidenced by the occurrence of a cytopathic effect (CPE), increased viral gene transcription, protein synthesis, and viral titers. In LMBV-infected MsF cells, two or more virus assembly sites were observed around the nucleus. Notably, no apoptotic bodies occurred in LMBV-infected MsF cells after nucleus staining, suggesting that cell death induced by LMBV in host cells was distinct from apoptosis. Consistently, DNA fragmentation was not detected in LMBV-infected MsF cells. Furthermore, only caspase-8 and caspase-3 were significantly activated in LMBV-infected MsF cells, suggesting that caspases were involved in non-apoptotic cell death induced by LMBV in host cells. In addition, the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were detected in both LMBV-infected MsF cells and fathead minnow (FHM) cells. Combined with our previous study, we propose that cell death induced by LMBV infection was cell type dependent. Although LMBV-infected MsF cells showed the characteristics of non-apoptotic cell death, the signal pathways might crosstalk and interconnect between apoptosis and other PCD during LMBV infection. Together, our results not only established the in vitro LMBV infection model for the study of the interaction between LMBV and host cells but also shed new insights into the mechanisms of ranavirus pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yang
- Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (Z.P.); (Q.Q.)
| | - Weihua Xu
- Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (Z.P.); (Q.Q.)
| | - Wenji Wang
- Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (Z.P.); (Q.Q.)
| | - Zanbin Pan
- Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (Z.P.); (Q.Q.)
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (Z.P.); (Q.Q.)
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (Z.P.); (Q.Q.)
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (Y.H.)
| | - Youhua Huang
- Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (Z.P.); (Q.Q.)
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (Y.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Walter LO, Maioral MF, Silva LO, Speer DB, Campbell SC, Gallimore W, Falkenberg MB, Santos-Silva MC. Involvement of the NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in cell death triggered by stypoldione, an o-quinone isolated from the brown algae Stypopodium zonale. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1297-1309. [PMID: 35128807 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell malignancy that remains incurable to date. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the involvement of the NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in the cytotoxicity of stypoldione, an o-quinone isolated from the brown algae Stypopodium zonale, in MM cells (MM1.S). The cytotoxic effect was evaluated in MM1.S cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by MTT assay. The stypoldione reduced the cell viability of MM1.S cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner (IC50 in MM.1S from 2.55 to 5.38 μM). However, it was also cytotoxic to PBMCs, but at a lower range. Additionally, no significant hemolysis was observed even at concentration up to 10 times the IC50 . Apoptotic cell death was confirmed by cell morphology and Annexin V-FITC assay. Stypoldione induced intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis by increasing FasR expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inverting the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and inducing ΔΨm loss, which resulted in AIF release and caspase-3 activation. It also increased Ki-67 and survivin expression and inhibited the NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. These results suggest that stypoldione is a good candidate for the development of new drugs for MM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura O Walter
- Experimental Oncology and Hemopathies Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mariana F Maioral
- Experimental Oncology and Hemopathies Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lisandra O Silva
- Experimental Oncology and Hemopathies Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Douglas B Speer
- Experimental Oncology and Hemopathies Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sanjay C Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, St. Andrew, Jamaica
| | - Winklet Gallimore
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, St. Andrew, Jamaica
| | - Miriam B Falkenberg
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Santos-Silva
- Experimental Oncology and Hemopathies Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Autophagy facilitates age-related cell apoptosis-a new insight from senile cataract. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:37. [PMID: 35013122 PMCID: PMC8748728 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Age-related cell loss underpins many senescence-associated diseases. Apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is the important cellular basis of senile cataract resulted from prolonged exposure to oxidative stress, although the specific mechanisms remain elusive. Our data indicated the concomitance of high autophagy activity, low SQSTM1/p62 protein level and apoptosis in the same LEC from senile cataract patients. Meanwhile, in primary cultured LECs model, more durable autophagy activation and more obvious p62 degradation under oxidative stress were observed in LECs from elder healthy donors, compared with that from young healthy donors. Using autophagy-deficiency HLE-B3 cell line, autophagy adaptor p62 was identified as the critical scaffold protein sustaining the pro-survival signaling PKCι-IKK-NF-κB cascades, which antagonized the pro-apoptotic signaling. Moreover, the pharmacological inhibitor of autophagy, 3-MA, significantly inhibited p62 degradation and rescued oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in elder LECs. Collectively, this study demonstrated that durable activation of autophagy promoted age-related cell death in LECs. Our work contributes to better understanding the pathogenesis of senescence-associated diseases.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang HY, Chen YX, Luo S, He YL, Feng WJ, Sun Y, Chen JJ, Gao K. Cardiac glycosides from Digitalis lanata and their cytotoxic activities. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23240-23251. [PMID: 36090389 PMCID: PMC9380703 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04464a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are good candidates as drug leads in the treatment of cancer because of their structural diversities and potent biological activities. In this study, fifteen CGs including three new ones (1–3) were isolated from Digitalis lanata Ehrh. Their structures were elucidated by HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopic methods, including homonuclear and heteronuclear coupling constant analysis, and acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and derivatization analysis of the sugar chain. The cytotoxic activities of these CGs were evaluated against three human cancer cell lines (A549, HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines), and all of them showed strong activities at nanomolar scale. The flow cytometric analysis indicated that compound 1 induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Transcriptome analysis revealed a panel of possible targets for compound 1. RT-PCR and western blot experiments showed that 1 significantly inhibited the expression of vasohibin-2 (VASH2). Moreover, compound 1 restrained angiogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are good candidates as drug leads in the treatment of cancer because of their structural diversities and potent biological activities.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & CAS Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shangwen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mani C, Acharya G, Kshirsagar S, Vijayan M, Khan H, Hemachandra Reddy P, Palle K. A Novel Role for BRIP1/FANCJ in Neuronal Cells Health and in Resolving Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Lesions. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 85:207-221. [PMID: 34776453 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA damage accumulation and mitochondrial abnormalities are elevated in neurons during aging and may contribute to neurodegenerative pathologic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. BRCA1 interacting protein 1 or BRIP1 is a 5' to 3' DNA helicase that catalyzes many abnormal DNA structures during DNA replication, gene transcription, and recombination, and contribute to genomic integrity. OBJECTIVE BRIP1 functions were reasonably well studied in DNA repair; however, there is limited data on its role and regulation during aging and neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS We used immunohistochemistry, western blot, and qRT-PCR assays to analyze the expression of BRIP1. Immunofluorescence studies were performed to study the formation of R-loops, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial morphology. Flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate mitochondrial ROS and mitochondrial structures, respectively. Oxygen consumption rate was measured using Seahorse, and the Presto Blue™ assays were used to evaluate cell viability. RESULTS Our results demonstrate the expression of BRIP1 in mouse and human brain tissues and in neuronal cell lines. BRIP1 levels were elevated in the hippocampal regions of the brains, specifically in the dentate gyrus. BRIP1 downregulation in neuronal cells caused increased R-loop formation basally and in response to H2O2 treatment. Furthermore, BRIP1 deficient cells exhibited elevated levels of excitotoxicity induced by L-Glutamic acid exposure as evidenced by (mitochondrial) ROS levels, deteriorated mitochondrial health, and cell death compared to BRIP1 proficient neuronal cells. CONCLUSION Overall, our results indicate an important role for BRIP1 in maintaining neuronal cell health and homeostasis by suppressing cellular oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinnadurai Mani
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sudhir Kshirsagar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Murali Vijayan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Hafiz Khan
- Julia Jones Matthews Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Komaraiah Palle
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang X, Hu C, Gu Z, Dai L. Understanding of catalytic ROS generation from defect-rich graphene quantum-dots for therapeutic effects in tumor microenvironment. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:340. [PMID: 34702276 PMCID: PMC8547047 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to their low cost, high catalytic efficiency and biocompatibility, carbon-based metal-free catalysts (C-MFCs) have attracted intense interest for various applications, ranging from energy through environmental to biomedical technologies. While considerable effort and progress have been made in mechanistic understanding of C-MFCs for non-biomedical applications, their catalytic mechanism for therapeutic effects has rarely been investigated. In this study, defect-rich graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were developed as C-MFCs for efficient ROS generation, specifically in the H2O2-rich tumor microenvironment to cause multi-level damages of subcellular components (even in nuclei). While a desirable anti-cancer performance was achieved, the catalytic performance was found to strongly depend on the defect density. It is for the first time that the defect-induced catalytic generation of ROS by C-MFCs in the tumor microenvironment was demonstrated and the associated catalytic mechanism was elucidated. This work opens a new avenue for the development of safe and efficient catalytic nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xichu Wang
- Australian Carbon Materials Centre (A-CMC), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Chuangang Hu
- Australian Carbon Materials Centre (A-CMC), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Zi Gu
- Australian Carbon Materials Centre (A-CMC), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Liming Dai
- Australian Carbon Materials Centre (A-CMC), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qiu YH, Zhang TS, Wang XW, Wang MY, Zhao WX, Zhou HM, Zhang CH, Cai ML, Chen XF, Zhao WL, Shao RG. Mitochondria autophagy: a potential target for cancer therapy. J Drug Target 2021; 29:576-591. [PMID: 33554661 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1867992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy is a selective form of macroautophagy in which dysfunctional and damaged mitochondria can be efficiently degraded, removed and recycled through autophagy. Selective removal of damaged or fragmented mitochondria is critical to the functional integrity of the entire mitochondrial network and cells. In past decades, numerous studies have shown that mitophagy is involved in various diseases; however, since the dual role of mitophagy in tumour development, mitophagy role in tumour is controversial, and further elucidation is needed. That is, although mitophagy has been demonstrated to contribute to carcinogenesis, cell migration, ferroptosis inhibition, cancer stemness maintenance, tumour immune escape, drug resistance, etc. during cancer progression, many research also shows that to promote cancer cell death, mitophagy can be induced physiologically or pharmacologically to maintain normal cellular metabolism and prevent cell stress responses and genome damage by diminishing mitochondrial damage, thus suppressing tumour development accompanying these changes. Signalling pathway-specific molecular mechanisms are currently of great biological significance in the identification of potential therapeutic targets. Here, we review recent progress of molecular pathways mediating mitophagy including both canonical pathways (Parkin/PINK1- and FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy) and noncanonical pathways (FKBP8-, Nrf2-, and DRP1-mediated mitophagy); and the regulation of these pathways, and abovementioned pro-cancer and pro-death roles of mitophagy. Finally, we summarise the role of mitophagy in cancer therapy. Mitophagy can potentially be acted as the target for cancer therapy by promotion or inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Shu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cong-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Lian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wu-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Guang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Radogna F, Gérard D, Dicato M, Diederich M. Assessment of Mitochondrial Cell Metabolism by Respiratory Chain Electron Flow Assays. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2276:129-141. [PMID: 34060037 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1266-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellular energy metabolism is regulated by complex metabolic pathways. Although anaerobic glycolysis was reported as a primary source of energy in cancer leading to a high rate of lactate production, current evidence shows that the main energy source supporting cancer cell metabolism relies on mitochondrial metabolism. Mitochondria are the key organelle maintaining optimal cellular energy levels. MitoPlate™ S-1 provides a highly reproducible bioenergetics tool to analyze the electron flow rate in live cells. Measuring the rates of electron flow into and through the electron transport chain using different NADH and FADH2-producing metabolic substrates enables the assessment of mitochondrial functionality. MitoPlate™ S-1 are 96-well microplates pre-coated with different substrates used as probes to examine the activity of mitochondrial metabolic pathways based on a colorimetric assay. A comparative metabolic analysis between cell lines or primary cells allows to establish a specific metabolic profile and to detect possible alterations of the mitochondrial function of a tumor cell. Moreover, the direct measurements of electron flux triggered by metabolic pathway activation could highlight targets for potential drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Radogna
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Déborah Gérard
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Marc Diederich
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Song Q, Xie X, Hu Z, Xue J, Zhang S, Xie X. (Z)-7,4'-dimethoxy-6-hydroxy-aurone-4-O- β-glucopyranoside attenuates lipoteichoic acid-induced damage in rat cardiomyoblast cells. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060519889716. [PMID: 32865061 PMCID: PMC7469747 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519889716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Excessive inflammatory responses in the endocardium are related to progression of infectious endocarditis. This study aimed to investigate whether (Z)-7,4'-dimethoxy-6-hydroxy-aurone-4-O-β-glucopyranoside (DHAG), a compound isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, could attenuate cell damage caused by lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in embryonic rat heart cells (H9c2). METHODS LTA-induced cell damage occurred in H9c2 cells and the protective effects of DHAG at different concentrations (1-10 µM) were assessed. Indicators of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in H9c2 cells were measured. RESULTS DHAG (1-10 µM) significantly attenuated LTA-induced damage in H9c2 cells, as evidenced by increased cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased cytochrome c release and DNA fragmentation, inhibition of caspase-3 and -9 activity, and altered expression of apoptosis-related proteins. DHAG also decreased oxidative stress by increasing protein expression of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Furthermore, DHAG inhibited inflammatory responses by decreasing protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). CONCLUSION DHAG exerted protective effects against LTA-induced cell damage, at least partially by decreasing oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammatory responses. Our results provide a scientific rational for developing DHAG as a therapy against infectious endocarditis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Song
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xuegang Xie
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhi Hu
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianying Xue
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Songlin Zhang
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
García-Heredia JM, Carnero A. Role of Mitochondria in Cancer Stem Cell Resistance. Cells 2020; 9:E1693. [PMID: 32679735 PMCID: PMC7407626 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) are associated with the mechanisms of chemoresistance to different cytotoxic drugs or radiotherapy, as well as with tumor relapse and a poor prognosis. Various studies have shown that mitochondria play a central role in these processes because of the ability of this organelle to modify cell metabolism, allowing survival and avoiding apoptosis clearance of cancer cells. Thus, the whole mitochondrial cycle, from its biogenesis to its death, either by mitophagy or by apoptosis, can be targeted by different drugs to reduce mitochondrial fitness, allowing for a restored or increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Once mitochondrial misbalance is induced by a specific drug in any of the processes of mitochondrial metabolism, two elements are commonly boosted: an increment in reactive nitrogen/oxygen species and, subsequently, activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel García-Heredia
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. de la Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xue DF, Pan ST, Huang G, Qiu JX. ROS enhances the cytotoxicity of cisplatin by inducing apoptosis and autophagy in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 122:105732. [PMID: 32097729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most widely used anticancer agents for patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), but its efficacy is limited by chemoresistance. Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a critical role in multiple tumor chemotherapy resistance. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of ROS in cisplatin resistance of TSCC and explore its underlying molecular mechanism in vitro. Our results showed that pre-treatment with ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine reduced cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity, autophagy, and apoptosis in TSCC cells. Down-regulation of intracellular ROS attenuated apoptosis and autophagy of TSCC cisplatin-resistant CAL27/CDDP cells by reversing the inhibition of p38MAPK/mTOR pathway. Taken together, these findings suggest that down-regulation of intracellular ROS reduces the cytotoxicity of cisplatin by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy in TSCC cells involving p38MAPK/mTOR mediated pathway. Low intracellular ROS levels may be one of the main mechanisms of cisplatin resistance in TSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Feng Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shu-Ting Pan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jia-Xuan Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Di Rita A, Maiorino T, Bruqi K, Volpicelli F, Bellenchi GC, Strappazzon F. miR-218 Inhibits Mitochondrial Clearance by Targeting PRKN E3 Ubiquitin Ligase. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21010355. [PMID: 31948106 PMCID: PMC6981953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria through mitophagy is crucial for preserving mitochondrial quality and cellular homeostasis. The most described mitophagy pathway is regulated by a positive ubiquitylation feedback loop in which the PINK1 (PTEN induced kinase 1) kinase phosphorylates both ubiquitin and the E3 ubiquitin ligase PRKN (Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin ligase), also known as PARKIN. This event recruits PRKN to the mitochondria, thus amplifying ubiquitylation signal. Here we report that miR-218 targets PRKN and negatively regulates PINK1/PRKN-mediated mitophagy. Overexpression of miR-218 reduces PRKN mRNA levels, thus also reducing protein content and deregulating the E3 ubiquitin ligase action. In fact, following miR-218 overexpression, mitochondria result less ubiquitylated and the autophagy machinery fails to proceed with correct mitochondrial clearance. Since mitophagy defects are associated with various human diseases, these results qualify miR-218 as a promising therapeutic target for human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthea Di Rita
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.D.R.); (T.M.); (K.B.); (G.C.B.)
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Maiorino
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.D.R.); (T.M.); (K.B.); (G.C.B.)
| | - Krenare Bruqi
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.D.R.); (T.M.); (K.B.); (G.C.B.)
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Floriana Volpicelli
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso”, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gian Carlo Bellenchi
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.D.R.); (T.M.); (K.B.); (G.C.B.)
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso”, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavie Strappazzon
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.D.R.); (T.M.); (K.B.); (G.C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06501703093
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Han J, Zhang J, Zhang W, Zhang D, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Diao T, Cui L, Li W, Xiao F, Liu M, Zou L. Abiraterone and MDV3100 inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells through mitophagy. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:332. [PMID: 31827406 PMCID: PMC6902535 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abiraterone and MDV3100 are two effective anticancer agents for prostate cancer, however, the mechanism of their downstream action remains undefined. METHODS A dual fluorescent biosensor plasmid was transfected in LNCaP cells to measure mitophagy. The DNA of LNCaP cells was extracted and performed with quantitative real-time PCR to detect mitochondrial DNA copy number. JC-1 staining was utilized to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential and electron microscope was performed to analyze mitochondrial morphology. Moreover, the protein levels of mitochondrial markers and apoptotic markers were detected by western blot. At last, the proliferation and apoptosis of LNCaP cells were analyzed with CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry after abiraterone or MDV3100 treatment. RESULTS Mitophagy was induced by abiraterone and MDV3100 in LNCaP cells. The low expression level of mitochondrial DNA copy number and mitochondrial depolarization were further identified in the abiraterone or MDV3100 treatment groups compared with the control group. Besides, severe mitochondria swelling and substantial autophagy-lysosomes were observed in abiraterone- and MDV3100-treated LNCaP cells. The expression of mitochondria-related proteins, frataxin, ACO2 and Tom20 were significantly downregulated in abiraterone and MDV3100 treated LNCaP cells, whereas the expression level of inner membrane protein of mitochondria (Tim23) was significantly upregulated in the same condition. Moreover, the proliferation of LNCaP cells were drastically inhibited, and the apoptosis of LNCaP cells was increased in abiraterone or MDV3100 treatment groups. Meanwhile, the addition of mitophagy inhibitor Mdivi-1 (mitochondrial division inhibitor 1) could conversely elevate proliferation and constrain apoptosis of LNCaP cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results prove that both abiraterone and MDV3100 inhibit the proliferation, promote the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells through regulating mitophagy. The promotion of mitophagy might enhance the efficacy of abiraterone and MDV3100, which could be a potential strategy to improve chemotherapy with these two reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Han
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dalei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongxiang Diao
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Luwei Cui
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqing Li
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiao
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihui Zou
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Qu F, Wang P, Zhang K, Shi Y, Li Y, Li C, Lu J, Liu Q, Wang X. Manipulation of Mitophagy by "All-in-One" nanosensitizer augments sonodynamic glioma therapy. Autophagy 2019; 16:1413-1435. [PMID: 31674265 PMCID: PMC7480814 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1687210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited penetration of chemotherapeutic drugs through the blood brain barrier (BBB), and the increased chemo-resistance of glioma cells due to macroautophagy/autophagy, result in high tumor recurrence and extremely limited survival of glioma patients. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) is a technique of transient and reversible BBB disruption, which greatly facilitates intracerebral drug delivery. In addition, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) based on ultrasound stimulation and a sonosensitizer, can be a safe and noninvasive strategy for treating glioma. We innovatively designed a smart "all-in-one" nanosensitizer platform by incorporating the sonoactive chlorin e6 (Ce6) and an autophagy inhibitor-hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) into angiopep-2 peptide-modified liposomes (designated as ACHL), which integrates multiple diagnostic and therapeutic functions. ACHL selectively accumulated in the brain tumors during the optimal time-window of transient UTMD-mediated BBB opening. The nanosensitizer then responded to a second ultrasonic stimulation, and simultaneously unloaded HCQ and generated ROS in the glioma cells. The sonotherapy triggered apoptosis as well as MAPK/p38-PINK1-PRKN-dependent mitophagy, in which the antioxidant relieved the sonotoxicity and MAPK/p38 activation, while the inhibition of MAPK/p38 attenuated the progression toward mitophagy by compromising redistribution of PRKN. Moreover, HCQ blocking autophagosome degradation, augmented intracellular ROS production and resulted in an oxidative-damage regenerative loop. ACHL-SDT treatment using this construct significantly inhibited the xenograft-tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice, exhibiting an improved therapeutic efficiency. All together, we demonstrated a precision sonotherapy with simultaneous apoptosis induction and mitophagy inhibition, which served as an intelligently strategic sense of working alongside, providing new insights into the theranostics of brain tumors. ABBREVIATIONS ACHL: Angiopep-2-modified liposomes loaded with Ce6 and hydroxychloroquine; ACL: Angiopep-2-modified liposomes loaded with Ce6; BBB: blood brain barrier; Ce6: chlorin e6; CHL: liposomes loaded with Ce6 and hydroxychloroquine; CL: liposomes loaded with Ce6; CNS: central nervous system; DDS: drug delivery system; EB: Evans blue; FUS: focused ultrasound; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; LRP1: low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MBs: microbubbles; MTG: MitoTracker Green; MTR: MitoTracker Red; MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PDI: polydispersity index; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PRKN/parkin: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SDT: sonodynamic therapy; SQSTM1: sequestome 1; TA: terephthalic acid; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; US: ultrasound; UTMD: ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yin Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yixiang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengren Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhan Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Quanhong Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sipos F, Kiss AL, Constantinovits M, Tulassay Z, Műzes G. Modified Genomic Self-DNA Influences In Vitro Survival of HT29 Tumor Cells via TLR9- and Autophagy Signaling. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 25:1505-1517. [PMID: 30465163 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0544-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In relation of immunobiology, the consequence of the crosstalk between TLR9-signaling and autophagy is poorly documented in HT29 cancer cells. To assess the TLR9-mediated biologic effects of modified self-DNA sequences on cell kinetics and autophagy response HT29 cells were incubated separately with intact genomic (g), hypermethylated (m), fragmented (f), and hypermethylated/fragmented (m/f) self-DNAs. Cell viability, apoptosis, cell proliferation, colonosphere-formation were determined. Moreover, the relation of TLR9-signaling to autophagy response was assayed by real-time RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After incubation with g-, m-, and m/f-DNAs cell viability and proliferation decreased, while apoptosis increased. F-DNA treatment resulted in an increase of cell survival. Methylation of self-DNA resulted in decrease of TLR9 expression, while it did not influence the positive effect of DNA fragmentation on MyD88 and TRAF6 overexpression, and TNFα downregulation. Fragmentation of DNA abrogated the positive effect of methylation on IRAK2, NFκB and IL-8 mRNA upregulations. In case of the autophagy genes and proteins, g- and f-DNAs caused significant upregulation of Beclin1, Atg16L1, and LC3B. According to TEM analyses, autophagy was present in each group of tumor cells, but to a varying degree. Incubation with m-DNA suppressed tumor cell survival by inducing features of apoptotic cell death, and activated mitophagy. F-DNA treatment enhanced cell survival, and activated macroautophagy and lipophagy. Colonospheres were only present after m-DNA incubation. Our data provided evidence for a close existing interplay between TLR9-signaling and the autophagy response with remarkable influences on cell survival in HT29 cells subjected to modified self-DNA treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Sipos
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi street 46, Budapest, 1088, Hungary.
| | - Anna L Kiss
- Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Miklós Constantinovits
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi street 46, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tulassay
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi street 46, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 1051, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Műzes
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi street 46, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abdrakhmanov A, Kulikov AV, Luchkina EA, Zhivotovsky B, Gogvadze V. Involvement of mitophagy in cisplatin-induced cell death regulation. Biol Chem 2019; 400:161-170. [PMID: 29924729 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitophagy, the selective degradation of mitochondria via the autophagic pathway, is a vital mechanism of mitochondrial quality control in cells. The removal of malfunctioning or damaged mitochondria is essential for normal cellular physiology and tissue development. Stimulation of mitochondrial permeabilization and release of proapoptotic factors from the intermembrane space is an essential step in triggering the mitochondrial pathway of cell death. In this study, we analyzed the extent to which mitophagy interferes with cell death, attenuating the efficiency of cancer therapy. We show that stimulation of mitophagy suppressed cisplatin-induced apoptosis, while mitophagy inhibition stimulates apoptosis and autophagy. Suppression of mitophagy involved production of reactive oxygen species, and the fate of cell was dependent on the interplay between endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Gogvadze
- MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Z, Wang W, Huang T, Wang C, Huang Y, Tang Y, Huang J. CH(II), a cerebroprotein hydrolysate, exhibits potential neuro-protective effect on Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222757. [PMID: 31545823 PMCID: PMC6756745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and is the most common type of cognitive impairment and dementia. There is a pressing need to improve the clinical efficacy and quality of life for AD patients, as limited treatments options for AD patients have been developed until now. In this study, we aim to investigate the protective effect of CH(II), a cerebroprotein hydrolysate consisted of abundant biological peptides, on preclinical model of AD. We found that CH(II) treatment effectively protects oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced N2A cell viability impairment and cell apoptosis. In addition, CH(II) significantly reduces H2O2-induced ROS accumulation and exhibits the protective activities against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. Intriguingly, we found that CH(II) treatment can effectively promote neurite outgrowth of N2A cells. Moreover, CH(II) obviously improve the cognitive and memorial function in scopolamine-induced amnesia mice model. Taken together, this study provides evidences of the neuroprotective activities of CH(II) and offers a potential therapeutic strategy for AD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingyu Huang
- Guangdong Long Fu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangdong, China
| | - Cunfang Wang
- Guangdong Long Fu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Guangdong Institute for Drug Control, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Urology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Oh JM, Kim E, Chun S. Ginsenoside Compound K Induces Ros-Mediated Apoptosis and Autophagic Inhibition in Human Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174279. [PMID: 31480534 PMCID: PMC6747534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy can result in cellular adaptation, as well as cell survival or cell death. Modulation of autophagy is increasingly regarded as a promising cancer therapeutic approach. Ginsenoside compound K (CK), an active metabolite of ginsenosides isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, has been identified to inhibit growth of cancer cell lines. However, the molecular mechanisms of CK effects on autophagy and neuroblastoma cell death have not yet been investigated. In the present study, CK inhibited neuroblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Treatment by CK also induced the accumulation of sub-G1 population, and caspase-dependent apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. In addition, CK promotes autophagosome accumulation by inducing early-stage autophagy but inhibits autophagic flux by blocking of autophagosome and lysosome fusion, the step of late-stage autophagy. This effect of CK appears to be mediated through the induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondria membrane potential loss. Moreover, chloroquine, an autophagy flux inhibitor, further promoted CK-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial ROS induction, and mitochondria damage. Interestingly, those promoted phenomena were rescued by co-treatment with a ROS scavenging agent and an autophagy inducer. Taken together, our findings suggest that ginsenoside CK induced ROS-mediated apoptosis and autophagic flux inhibition, and the combination of CK with chloroquine, a pharmacological inhibitor of autophagy, may be a novel therapeutic potential for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Mi Oh
- Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Eunhee Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Sungkun Chun
- Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cocetta V, Ragazzi E, Montopoli M. Mitochondrial Involvement in Cisplatin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143384. [PMID: 31295873 PMCID: PMC6678541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the worldwide anticancer drugs and, despite its toxicity and frequent recurrence of resistance phenomena, it still remains the only therapeutic option for several tumors. Circumventing cisplatin resistance remains, therefore, a major goal for clinical therapy and represents a challenge for scientific research. Recent studies have brought to light the fundamental role of mitochondria in onset, progression, and metastasis of cancer, as well as its importance in the resistance to chemotherapy. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the current knowledge about the implication of mitochondria in cisplatin resistance and on the recent development in this research field. Recent studies have highlighted the role of mitochondrial DNA alterations in onset of resistance phenomena, being related both to redox balance alterations and to signal crosstalk with the nucleus, allowing a rewiring of cell metabolism. Moreover, an important role of the mitochondrial dynamics in the adaptation mechanism of cancer cells to challenging environment has been revealed. Giving bioenergetic plasticity to tumor cells, mitochondria allow cells to evade death pathways in stressful conditions, including chemotherapy. So far, even if the central role of mitochondria is recognized, little is known about the specific mechanisms implicated in the resistance. Nevertheless, mitochondria appear to be promising pharmacological targets for overcoming cisplatin resistance, but further studies are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Cocetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo Egidio Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Eugenio Ragazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo Egidio Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo Egidio Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Via Orus 2, 35129 Padua, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang J, Ahmad S, Wang LY, Han Q, Zhang JC, Luo YP. Cell death induced by α-terthienyl via reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the midgut of Aedes aegypti larvae. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 137:87-98. [PMID: 31022448 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
α-Terthienyl (α-T) is a photosensitizer that produces many reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultraviolet light. Here, we aimed to evaluate the oxidation mechanism of the 25%, 50%, and 75% lethal concentrations in Aedes aegypti larvae; the lethal concentration of α-T was used as the test value. The effects on mitochondria, oxidative stress, and cell death patterns caused by ROS were evaluated. The results showed that α-T mainly produced large amounts of ROS in the midgut of larvae. Moreover, mitochondrial ROS were increased in midgut cells, and the production of ROS sites, such as complex enzymes, was inhibited, resulting in enhanced production of ROS. Ultrastructural analysis of mitochondria revealed significant vacuolation, decreased activity of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, and reduced ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential in the high concentration group compared with those in the control group. Additionally, mitochondrial biosynthesis was blocked in the high concentration group. Thus, exposure to α-T disrupted mitochondrial function, although the mitochondrial DNA content may have increased because of mitochondrial self-protection mechanisms against oxidative stress. Furthermore, high concentrations of α-T aggravated oxidative stress and increased the number of intracellular oxidative damage products. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence staining showed that ROS induced by low α-T concentrations upregulated apoptotic genes, including Dronc (P < 0.05), thereby promoting apoptosis. Moderate concentrations of α-T promoted autophagy through induction of ROS, inhibited apoptosis, and induced necrosis. In contrast, high α-T concentrations induced high levels of ROS, which caused mitochondrial dysfunction and increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration, directly inducing cell necrosis. We also found that α-T may disrupt the permeability of the peritrophic membrane, leading to intestinal barrier dysfunction. These results provided insights into the mode of action of α-T in Aedes aegypti.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Shakil Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Lan-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Qian Han
- The Laboratory of Tropical Animal Medicine and Vector Biology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Jian-Chun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yu Y, Chen F, Yang Y, Jin Y, Shi J, Han S, Chu P, Lu J, Tai J, Wang S, Yang W, Wang H, Guo Y, Ni X. lncRNA SNHG16 is associated with proliferation and poor prognosis of pediatric neuroblastoma. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:93-102. [PMID: 31180520 PMCID: PMC6561620 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common extracranial solid tumors in children, which has complex molecular mechanisms. Increasing evidence has suggested that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) account for NB pathogenesis. However, the function of small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) in NB is currently unclear. In the present study, publically available data and clinical specimens were employed to verify the expression of SNHG16 in NB. Colony formation, real‑time cell proliferation and migration assays were performed to demonstrate the status of cellular proliferation and migration. Flow cytometry was used to examine cell cycle progression in SH‑SY5Y cells, and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining and caspase‑3/7 activity measurements were applied to study cell apoptosis. To explore the underlying mechanism of SNHG16 function, an online database was used to identify potential RNA‑binding proteins that bind SNHG16. The expression of SNHG16 was revealed to be in line with the clinical staging of NB, and high SNHG16 expression was positively associated with poor clinical outcome. Furthermore, SNHG16 silencing inhibited cell proliferation, repressed migration, and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in SH‑SY5Y cells. Additionally, apoptosis was undetectable in SH‑SY5Y cells following SNHG16 silencing. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SNHG16 regulated cell proliferation in NB through transcriptional and translational pathways. These results suggested that SNHG16 may serve important roles in the development and progression of NB, and could represent a potential target for NB therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Yeran Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Yaqiong Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Jin Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Shujing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Ping Chu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Jun Tai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Shengcai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Huanmin Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Xin Ni
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mitophagy and Oxidative Stress in Cancer and Aging: Focus on Sirtuins and Nanomaterials. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6387357. [PMID: 31210843 PMCID: PMC6532280 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6387357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the cellular center of energy production and of several important metabolic processes. Mitochondrion health is maintained with a substantial intervention of mitophagy, a process of macroautophagy that degrades selectively dysfunctional and irreversibly damaged organelles. Because of its crucial duty, alteration in mitophagy can cause functional and structural adjustment in the mitochondria, changes in energy production, loss of cellular adaptation, and cell death. In this review, we discuss the dual role that mitophagy plays in cancer and age-related pathologies, as a consequence of oxidative stress, evidencing the triggering stimuli and mechanisms and suggesting the molecular targets for its therapeutic control. Finally, a section has been dedicated to the interplay between mitophagy and therapies using nanoparticles that are the new frontier for a direct and less invasive strategy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Mijanović O, Branković A, Panin AN, Savchuk S, Timashev P, Ulasov I, Lesniak MS. Cathepsin B: A sellsword of cancer progression. Cancer Lett 2019; 449:207-214. [PMID: 30796968 PMCID: PMC6488514 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical, biochemical and molecular biology studies have identified lysosome-encapsulated cellular proteases as critical risk factors for cancer progression. Cathepsins represent a group of such proteases aimed at maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Nevertheless, recent reports suggest that Cathepsin B executes other cellular programs such as controlling tumor growth, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastases development. In fact, elevated levels of Cathepsins are found under different pathological conditions including inflammation, infection, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. Furthermore, the discovery of Cathepsin B secretion and function as an extracellular matrix protein has broadened our appreciation for the impact of Cathepsin B on cancer progression. Underneath a façade of an intracellular protease with limited therapeutic potential hides a central role of cathepsins in extracellular functions. Moreover, this role is incredibly diverse from one condition to the next - from driving caspase-dependent apoptosis to facilitating tumor neovascularization and metastasis. Here we discuss the role of Cathepsin B in the oncogenic process and perspective the use of Cathepsin B for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olja Mijanović
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ana Branković
- Department of Forensics, Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Alexander N Panin
- Moscow State University of Food Production, 11, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125080, Russia
| | - Solomiia Savchuk
- The University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA; Northwestren University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ilya Ulasov
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Maciej S Lesniak
- The University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA; Northwestren University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Diederich M. Natural compound inducers of immunogenic cell death. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:629-645. [PMID: 30955159 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that the anti-cancer potential of the immune response that can be activated by modulation of the immunogenicity of dying cancer cells. This regulated cell death process is called immunogenic cell death (ICD) and constitutes a new innovating anti-cancer strategy with immune-modulatory potential thanks to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Some conventional clinically-used chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as preclinically-investigated compounds of natural origins such as anthracyclines, microtubule-destabilizing agents, cardiac glycosides or hypericin derivatives, possess such an immune-stimulatory function by triggering ICD. Here, we discuss the effects of ICD inducers on the release of DAMPs and the activation of corresponding signaling pathways triggering immune recognition. We will discuss potential strategies allowing to overcome resistance mechanisms associated with this treatment approach as well as co-treatment strategies to overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment. We will highlight the potential role of metronomic immune modulation as well as targeted delivery of ICD-inducing compounds with nanoparticles or liposomal formulations to improving the immunogenicity of ICD inducers aiming at long-term clinical benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Building 29 Room 223, 1 Gwanak-ro, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chenxu G, Minxuan X, Yuting Q, Tingting G, Jing F, Jinxiao L, Sujun W, Yongjie M, Deshuai L, Qiang L, Linfeng H, Xuyuan N, Mingxing W, Ping H, Jun T. Loss of RIP3 initiates annihilation of high-fat diet initialized nonalcoholic hepatosteatosis: A mechanism involving Toll-like receptor 4 and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:23-41. [PMID: 30599260 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent and complex disease that confers a high risk of severe liver disorders. Although such public and clinical health importance, very few effective therapies are presently available for NAFLD. Here, we showed that receptor-interacting kinase-3 (RIP3) was up-regulated in liver of mouse with hepatic steatosis induced by high fat diet (HFD). After 16 weeks on a HFD, obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, inflammatory response and oxidative stress were significantly alleviated in liver of mice with the loss of RIP3. We provided mechanistic evidence that RIP3 knockdown attenuated hepatic dyslipidemia through preventing the expression of lipogenesis-associated genes. Furthermore, in the absence of RIP3, the transcription factor of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway activated by HFD was blocked, accompanied with the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome. We also found that RIP3 knockdown-induced activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf-2/HO-1) led to the inhibition of oxidative stress. The detrimental effects of RIP3 on hepatic steatosis and related pathologies were confirmed in palmitate (PAL)-treated mouse liver cells. Of note, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or PAL-activated TLR-4 resulted in the up-regulation of RIP3 that was accompanied by the elevated inflammation and lipid deposition, and these effects were reversed in TLR-4 knockdown cells. Furthermore, promoting Nrf-2 pathway activation effectively reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and RIP3 expression in PAL-stimulated cells, consequently leading to the suppression of cellular inflammation and lipid accumulation. In contrast, blocking Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling abrogated RIP3 knockdown-reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory response and lipid deposition in PAL-stimulated cells. Taken together, the present study helped to elucidate how HFD-induced hepatic steatosis was regulated by RIP3, via the TLR-4/NF-κB and Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Chenxu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Xu Minxuan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.
| | - Qin Yuting
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Gu Tingting
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Feng Jing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Lv Jinxiao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Wang Sujun
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China
| | - Ma Yongjie
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China
| | - Lou Deshuai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Li Qiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Hu Linfeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Nie Xuyuan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Wang Mingxing
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China
| | - Huang Ping
- Department Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, PR China
| | - Tan Jun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Natural modulators of the hallmarks of immunogenic cell death. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 162:55-70. [PMID: 30615863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds act as immunoadjuvants as their therapeutic effects trigger cancer stress response and release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These reactions occur through an increase in the immunogenicity of cancer cells that undergo stress followed by immunogenic cell death (ICD). These processes result in a chemotherapeutic response with a potent immune-mediating reaction. Natural compounds that induce ICD may function as an interesting approach in converting cancer into its own vaccine. However, multiple parameters determine whether a compound can act as an ICD inducer, including the nature of the inducer, the premortem stress pathways, the cell death pathways, the intrinsic antigenicity of the cell, and the potency and availability of an immune cell response. Thus, the identification of hallmarks of ICD is important in determining the prognostic biomarkers for new therapeutic approaches and combination treatments.
Collapse
|
29
|
Scaturro P, Pichlmair A. Oxeiptosis: a discreet way to respond to radicals. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 56:37-43. [PMID: 30342374 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
One of the best-studied cellular responses to toxic signals and pathogens is programmed cell death. Over the past years, it became apparent that the specific mechanisms of cell death have tremendous influence at both cellular and organismal level, highlighting the importance of sensors and pathways involved in this decision-making process. Central signalling molecules involved in a variety of cell death pathways are reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the molecular mechanisms regulating differential responses and cellular fates to distinct ROS levels remain incompletely understood. Recently, we uncovered a caspase-independent cell-death pathway named 'oxeiptosis', which links the ROS sensing capacity of KEAP1 to a cell death pathway involving PGAM5 and AIFM1. Alike apoptosis, oxeiptosis is anti-inflammatory when activated by increased intracellular ROS levels and upon pathogens encounter. Here we discuss the potential impact of oxeiptosis in pathogens clearance and teratogenic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Scaturro
- Immunopathology of Virus Infections, Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Schneckenburger Str. 8, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Pichlmair
- Immunopathology of Virus Infections, Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Schneckenburger Str. 8, 81675 Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hui L, Wu H, Wang TW, Yang N, Guo X, Jang XJ. Hydrogen peroxide-induced mitophagy contributes to laryngeal cancer cells survival via the upregulation of FUNDC1. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 21:596-606. [PMID: 30284230 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1958-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of our study was to investigate an underlying mechanism that hydrogen peroxide-induced mitophagy contributed to laryngeal cancer cells survivals under oxidative stress condition. METHODS Tumor tissue and serum samples were collected from patients with laryngeal cancer. The Hep2 cell, a human laryngeal carcinoma cell, was used in in vitro experiments. The levels of lipid peroxidation were analyzed by ELISA. Knockdown of FUNDC1 was performed by RNAi. The changes of target proteins were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot. The cells were analyzed for changes in proliferation using cell counting kit-8 and mitophagy by the mitochondrial membrane potential assay and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS FUNDC1 in laryngeal cancer tissues were relative to the levels of lipid peroxidation in laryngeal cancer patients, which suggested that FUNDC1 was associated with the status of oxidative stress in the laryngeal cancer patients. Hydrogen peroxide significantly induced the elevation of FUNDC1, a mitophagic factor, in a time- and dose-dependent manner in laryngeal cancer cells, which was dependent on ERK signal activation. Knockdown of FUNDC1 by the siRNA attenuated the survival of laryngeal cancer cells under hydrogen peroxide stimulation. Moreover, the elevated FUNDC1 was required for the occurrence of mitophagy under hydrogen peroxide stimulation, which was identified by transmission electron microscopy, the alterations of mitochondrial permeability transition and the specific mitochondrial protein, hsp60. Inhibition of mitophagy with cyclosporine A could also effectively attenuate the laryngeal cancer cells survival under hydrogen peroxide stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Hydrogen peroxide upregulated the expression of FUNDC1 through the activation of ERK1/2 signal to trigger a mitophagic response, giving laryngeal cancer cells a befit for survival. These findings suggested that FUNDC1 might be a potential target for the treatment of laryngeal cancer accompanied with high lipid peroxidation status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Hui
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
| | - H Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - T-W Wang
- Bishop Alemany High School, Mission Hills, CA, USA
| | - N Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - X Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - X-J Jang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dower CM, Bhat N, Gebru MT, Chen L, Wills CA, Miller BA, Wang HG. Targeted Inhibition of ULK1 Promotes Apoptosis and Suppresses Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Neuroblastoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2365-2376. [PMID: 30166400 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in the pediatric population, accounting for over 9% of all cancer-related deaths in children. Autophagy is a cell self-protective mechanism that promotes tumor cell growth and survival, making it an attractive target for treating cancer. However, the role of autophagy in neuroblastoma tumor growth and metastasis is largely undefined. Here we demonstrate that targeted inhibition of an essential autophagy kinase, unc-51 like autophagy kinase 1 (ULK1), with a recently developed small-molecule inhibitor of ULK1, SBI-0206965, significantly reduces cell growth and promotes apoptosis in SK-N-AS, SH-SY5Y, and SK-N-DZ neuroblastoma cell lines. Furthermore, inhibition of ULK1 by a dominant-negative mutant of ULK1 (dnULK1K46N) significantly reduces growth and metastatic disease and prolongs survival of mice bearing SK-N-AS xenograft tumors. We also show that SBI-0206965 sensitizes SK-N-AS cells to TRAIL treatment, but not to mTOR inhibitors (INK128, Torin1) or topoisomerase inhibitors (doxorubicin, topotecan). Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ULK1 is a viable drug target and suggest that inhibitors of ULK1 may provide a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of neuroblastoma. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(11); 2365-76. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Dower
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Neema Bhat
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Melat T Gebru
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Longgui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Carson A Wills
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Barbara A Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cristofani R, Montagnani Marelli M, Cicardi ME, Fontana F, Marzagalli M, Limonta P, Poletti A, Moretti RM. Dual role of autophagy on docetaxel-sensitivity in prostate cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:889. [PMID: 30166521 PMCID: PMC6117300 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the leading causes of death in males. Available treatments often lead to the appearance of chemoresistant foci and metastases, with mechanisms still partially unknown. Within tumour mass, autophagy may promote cell survival by enhancing cancer cells tolerability to different cell stresses, like hypoxia, starvation or those triggered by chemotherapic agents. Because of its connection with the apoptotic pathways, autophagy has been differentially implicated, either as prodeath or prosurvival factor, in the appearance of more aggressive tumours. Here, in three PC cells (LNCaP, PC3, and DU145), we tested how different autophagy inducers modulate docetaxel-induced apoptosis. We selected the mTOR-independent disaccharide trehalose and the mTOR-dependent macrolide lactone rapamycin autophagy inducers. In castration-resistant PC (CRPC) PC3 cells, trehalose specifically prevented intrinsic apoptosis in docetaxel-treated cells. Trehalose reduced the release of cytochrome c triggered by docetaxel and the formation of aberrant mitochondria, possibly by enhancing the turnover of damaged mitochondria via autophagy (mitophagy). In fact, trehalose increased LC3 and p62 expression, LC3-II and p62 (p62 bodies) accumulation and the induction of LC3 puncta. In docetaxel-treated cells, trehalose, but not rapamycin, determined a perinuclear mitochondrial aggregation (mito-aggresomes), and mitochondria specifically colocalized with LC3 and p62-positive autophagosomes. In PC3 cells, rapamycin retained its ability to activate autophagy without evidences of mitophagy even in presence of docetaxel. Interestingly, these results were replicated in LNCaP cells, whereas trehalose and rapamycin did not modify the response to docetaxel in the ATG5-deficient (autophagy resistant) DU145 cells. Therefore, autophagy is involved to alter the response to chemotherapy in combination therapies and the response may be influenced by the different autophagic pathways utilized and by the type of cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cristofani
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Montagnani Marelli
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Cicardi
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Marzagalli
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Roberta Manuela Moretti
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang X, Li C, Xu C, Hao X, Yu X, Li Q. Correlation of CT signs with lymphatic metastasis and pathology of neuroblastoma in children. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2439-2443. [PMID: 30013635 PMCID: PMC6036603 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Correlation between computed tomography (CT) signs, lymphatic metastasis and pathological features of neuroblastoma (NB) in children was investigated. A total of 374 child patients diagnosed with NB via CT scan and pathological section in Department of Pediatric of Xuzhou Children's Hospital from March 2011 to January 2017 were collected, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. According to CT signs, NB calcification and invasion to surrounding tissues were evaluated, and the tumor site, tumor size, lymphatic metastasis, pathological types and clinical prognosis were analyzed. In plain CT scan, 160 cases showed clear tumor mass, and 214 cases showed blurred mass; 78 cases of tumors were uniform in density, and 296 cases were not uniform in density. Besides, there were 351 cases of calcification in mass. There were 106 cases of axial rotation of kidney, 53 cases of enlargement of renal calyce and renal pelvis, 66 cases of elevation of liver position, 71 cases of pancreas translocation, 26 cases of gastrointestinal tract translocation, 17 cases of vascular translocation and 12 cases of bladder translocation, besides 23 of the cases showed no significantly abnormal changes. Moreover, 211 cases had retroperitoneal lymphatic metastasis with soft tissue swelling in phrenic angle, abdominal aorta and renal hilum in image, and non-uniform annular enhancement or uniform enhancement in enhanced scanning. NB in right adrenal gland invaded the liver in 53 cases, invaded the kidney in 26 cases, invaded the psoas in 40 cases and blood vessels in 32 cases, and the remaining cases showed no invasion. A total of 68 cases were accompanied by pleural thickening, 34 cases by pleural effusion, 36 cases by tracheal compression, 38 cases by rib compression, and 40 cases by tumor invading into vertebral canal. Bone metastasis occurred in 182 cases; liver metastases occurred in 28 cases, and brain metastases in 35 cases. NB calcification was significantly correlated with pathological type, tumor site and lymphatic metastasis (p<0.05), but not correlated with tumor size (p>0.05); NB invasion to surrounding tissues was associated with pathological type, tumor site and clinical prognosis (p<0.05), but was not correlated with the tumor size (p>0.05). We concluded that patients with distal mediastinal mass identified by CT examination, accompanied by calcification, and invasion to surrounding tissues may suffer from NB. Tumor growth is closely correlated with tumor differentiation degree.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxian Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Hao
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Qiancheng Li
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Schneider NFZ, Cerella C, Lee JY, Mazumder A, Kim KR, de Carvalho A, Munkert J, Pádua RM, Kreis W, Kim KW, Christov C, Dicato M, Kim HJ, Han BW, Braga FC, Simões CMO, Diederich M. Cardiac Glycoside Glucoevatromonoside Induces Cancer Type-Specific Cell Death. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:70. [PMID: 29545747 PMCID: PMC5838923 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are natural compounds used traditionally to treat congestive heart diseases. Recent investigations repositioned CGs as potential anticancer agents. To discover novel cytotoxic CG scaffolds, we selected the cardenolide glucoevatromonoside (GEV) out of 46 CGs for its low nanomolar anti-lung cancer activity. GEV presented reduced toxicity toward non-cancerous cell types (lung MRC-5 and PBMC) and high-affinity binding to the Na+/K+-ATPase α subunit, assessed by computational docking. GEV-induced cell death was caspase-independent, as investigated by a multiparametric approach, and culminates in severe morphological alterations in A549 cells, monitored by transmission electron microscopy, live cell imaging and flow cytometry. This non-canonical cell death was not preceded or accompanied by exacerbation of autophagy. In the presence of GEV, markers of autophagic flux (e.g. LC3I-II conversion) were impacted, even in presence of bafilomycin A1. Cell death induction remained unaffected by calpain, cathepsin, parthanatos, or necroptosis inhibitors. Interestingly, GEV triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis in U937 acute myeloid leukemia cells, witnessing cancer-type specific cell death induction. Differential cell cycle modulation by this CG led to a G2/M arrest, cyclin B1 and p53 downregulation in A549, but not in U937 cells. We further extended the anti-cancer potential of GEV to 3D cell culture using clonogenic and spheroid formation assays and validated our findings in vivo by zebrafish xenografts. Altogether, GEV shows an interesting anticancer profile with the ability to exert cytotoxic effects via induction of different cell death modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naira F Z Schneider
- Laboratorio de Virologia Applicada, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Claudia Cerella
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Aloran Mazumder
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Rok Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Annelise de Carvalho
- Laboratorio de Virologia Applicada, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Munkert
- Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rodrigo M Pádua
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Wolfgang Kreis
- Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kyu-Won Kim
- SNU-Harvard Neurovascular Protection Center, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Woo Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Fernão C Braga
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cláudia M O Simões
- Laboratorio de Virologia Applicada, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Digitoxin Suppresses Human Cytomegalovirus Replication via Na +, K +/ATPase α1 Subunit-Dependent AMP-Activated Protein Kinase and Autophagy Activation. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.01861-17. [PMID: 29321306 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01861-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Host-directed therapeutics for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) requires elucidation of cellular mechanisms that inhibit HCMV. We report a novel pathway used by cardiac glycosides to inhibit HCMV replication: induction of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and autophagy flux through the Na+,K+/ATPase α1 subunit. Our data illustrate an intricate balance between the autophagy regulators AMPK, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and ULK1 during infection and treatment with the cardiac glycoside digitoxin. Both infection and digitoxin induced AMPK phosphorylation, but ULK1 was differentially phosphorylated at unique sites leading to opposing effects on autophagy. Suppression of autophagy during infection occurred via ULK1 phosphorylation at Ser757 by enhanced mTOR activity. Digitoxin continuously phosphorylated AMPK, leading to ULK1 phosphorylation at Ser317, and suppressed mTOR, resulting in increased autophagy flux and HCMV inhibition. In ATG5-deficient human fibroblasts, digitoxin did not inhibit HCMV, supporting autophagy induction as a mechanism for virus inhibition. Drug combination studies with digitoxin and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) further confirmed the role of autophagy activation in HCMV inhibition. Individually, each compound phosphorylated AMPK, but their combination reduced autophagy rather than inducing it and was antagonistic against HCMV, resulting in virus replication. The initial ULK1 activation by digitoxin was counteracted by AICAR, which prevented the downstream interaction of Beclin1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase class III (PI3K-CIII), further supporting digitoxin-mediated HCMV inhibition through autophagy. Finally, the α1 subunit was required for autophagy induction, since in α1-deficient cells neither AMPK nor autophagy was activated and HCMV was not inhibited by digitoxin. In summary, induction of a novel pathway (α1-AMPK-ULK1) induces autophagy as a host-directed strategy for HCMV inhibition.IMPORTANCE Infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) creates therapeutic challenges in congenitally infected children and transplant recipients. Side effects and selection of resistant mutants with the limited drugs available prompted evaluation of host-directed therapeutics. We report a novel mechanism of HCMV inhibition by the cardiac glycoside digitoxin. At low concentrations that inhibit HCMV, digitoxin induced signaling through the α1 subunit of the Na+,K+/ATPase pump and the cellular kinase AMPK, resulting in binding and phosphorylation of ULK1 (Ser317) and autophagy activation. HCMV suppressed autophagy through ULK1 phosphorylation (Ser757) by activating the mTOR kinase. The pump-autophagy pathway was required for HCMV inhibition, since in α1- or ATG5-deficient cells the virus was not inhibited. Furthermore, the AMPK activator AICAR antagonized digitoxin activity against HCMV, a phenomenon resulting from opposing effects downstream in the autophagy pathway, at the Beclin1 stage. In summary, autophagy may provide a strategy for harnessing HCMV replication.
Collapse
|
36
|
Meng MB, Wang HH, Cui YL, Wu ZQ, Shi YY, Zaorsky NG, Deng L, Yuan ZY, Lu Y, Wang P. Necroptosis in tumorigenesis, activation of anti-tumor immunity, and cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57391-57413. [PMID: 27429198 PMCID: PMC5302997 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
While the mechanisms underlying apoptosis and autophagy have been well characterized over recent decades, another regulated cell death event, necroptosis, remains poorly understood. Elucidating the signaling networks involved in the regulation of necroptosis may allow this form of regulated cell death to be exploited for diagnosis and treatment of cancer, and will contribute to the understanding of the complex tumor microenvironment. In this review, we have summarized the mechanisms and regulation of necroptosis, the converging and diverging features of necroptosis in tumorigenesis, activation of anti-tumor immunity, and cancer therapy, as well as attempts to exploit this newly gained knowledge to provide therapeutics for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Bin Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan-Huan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao-Li Cui
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang-Yang Shi
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Nicholas G Zaorsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Thoracic Cancer and Huaxi Student Society of Oncology Research, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - You Lu
- Department of Thoracic Cancer and Huaxi Student Society of Oncology Research, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
MiR-20a-5p suppresses tumor proliferation by targeting autophagy-related gene 7 in neuroblastoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:5. [PMID: 29311760 PMCID: PMC5755308 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0499-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common malignant tumor originating from the extracranial sympathetic nervous system in children. The molecular mechanisms underlying this disease are complex, and not completely understood. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to quantify the expression of miR-20a-5p and its target gene ATG7 in clinical NB tissues. The biological function of miR-20a-5p and ATG7 in SH-SY5Y cells was investigated through in vitro studies (Real-Time cell kinetic analyzer, colony formation assay, caspase-Glo 3/7 assay and western blotting). The luciferase reporter assay was conducted to verify the biological relationship between miR-20a-5p and ATG7. Results Here we found that miR-20a-5p expression was significantly downregulated whereas its target autophagy-related gene 7 (ATG7) was increased along with clinical staging of NB progression. Correlation analysis showed that miR-20a-5p had a negative correlation trend with ATG7. In SH-SY5Y cells, forced expression of miR-20a-5p suppressed ATG7 expression, autophagy initiation and cellular proliferation while promoted apoptosis, suggesting a potential association between miR-20a-5p and ATG7. Further bioinformatic target prediction combined with protein expression and luciferase reporter assay verified that miR-20a-5p inhibited ATG7 by directly binding to its 3′-UTR, confirming the involvement of miR-20a-5p in the regulation of ATG7 in NB. Conclusions These results clarified that miR-20a-5p inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis through negative regulation of ATG7 and thus autophagy suppression in SH-SY5Y cells. Therefore, defining the context-specific roles of autophagy in NB and regulatory mechanisms involved will be critical for developing autophagy-targeted therapeutics against NB. Both miR-20a-5p and ATG7 would be potential therapeutic targets for future NB treatment.
Collapse
|
38
|
Holze C, Michaudel C, Mackowiak C, Haas DA, Benda C, Hubel P, Pennemann FL, Schnepf D, Wettmarshausen J, Braun M, Leung DW, Amarasinghe GK, Perocchi F, Staeheli P, Ryffel B, Pichlmair A. Oxeiptosis, a ROS-induced caspase-independent apoptosis-like cell-death pathway. Nat Immunol 2017; 19:130-140. [PMID: 29255269 PMCID: PMC5786482 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-017-0013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by virally-infected cells however the physiological significance of ROS generated under these conditions is unclear. Here we show that inflammation and cell death induced by exposure of mice or cells to sources of ROS is not altered in the absence of canonical ROS-sensing pathways or known cell death pathways. ROS-induced cell death signaling involves interaction between the cellular ROS sensor and antioxidant factor KEAP1, the phosphatase PGAM5 and the proapoptotic factor AIFM1. Pgam5−/− mice show exacerbated lung inflammation and proinflammatory cytokines in an ozone exposure model. Similarly, challenge with influenza A virus leads to increased virus infiltration, lymphocytic bronchiolitis and reduced survival of Pgam5−/− mice. This pathway, which we term ‘oxeiptosis’, is a ROS-sensitive, caspase independent, non-inflammatory cell death pathway and is important to protect against inflammation induced by ROS or ROS-generating agents such as viral pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathleen Holze
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | - Chloé Michaudel
- INEM, Experimental Molecular Immunology, UMR7355 CNRS and University, Orleans, France
| | - Claire Mackowiak
- INEM, Experimental Molecular Immunology, UMR7355 CNRS and University, Orleans, France
| | - Darya A Haas
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Benda
- Department of Structural Cell Biology, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Hubel
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | - Friederike L Pennemann
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Schnepf
- Institute of Virology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Wettmarshausen
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marianne Braun
- EM-Histo Lab, Max-Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | - Daisy W Leung
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gaya K Amarasinghe
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fabiana Perocchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Staeheli
- Institute of Virology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- INEM, Experimental Molecular Immunology, UMR7355 CNRS and University, Orleans, France.,Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andreas Pichlmair
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany. .,School of Medicine, Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich partner site, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Anticancer and Immunogenic Properties of Cardiac Glycosides. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111932. [PMID: 29117117 PMCID: PMC6150164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are natural compounds widely used in the treatment of several cardiac conditions and more recently have been recognized as potential antitumor compounds. They are known to be ligands for Na/K-ATPase, which is a promising drug target in cancer. More recently, in addition to their antitumor effects, it has been suggested that CGs activate tumor-specific immune responses. This review summarizes the anticancer aspects of CGs as new strategies for immunotherapy and drug repositioning (new horizons for old players), and the possible new targets for CGs in cancer cells.
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhu J, Yu W, Liu B, Wang Y, Shao J, Wang J, Xia K, Liang C, Fang W, Zhou C, Tao H. Escin induces caspase-dependent apoptosis and autophagy through the ROS/p38 MAPK signalling pathway in human osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3113. [PMID: 29022891 PMCID: PMC5682655 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most malignant neoplasms in adolescents, and it generally develops multidrug resistance. Escin, a natural mixture of triterpene saponins isolated from Aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut), has demonstrated potent anti-tumour potential in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we found that escin inhibited osteosarcoma proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, escin-induced apoptosis was evidenced by the increased expression of caspase-related proteins and the formation of apoptotic bodies. Escin also induced autophagy, with elevated LC3, ATG5, ATG12 and Beclin expression as well as autophagosome formation. Inhibition of escin-induced autophagy promoted apoptosis. Moreover, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were activated by escin. A p38 MAPK inhibitor partially attenuated the autophagy and apoptosis triggered by escin, but a ROS scavenger showed a greater inhibitory effect. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy of escin against osteosarcoma was demonstrated in an orthotopic model. Overall, escin counteracted osteosarcoma by inducing autophagy and apoptosis via the activation of the ROS/p38 MAPK signalling pathway; these findings provide evidence for escin as a novel and potent therapeutic for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Jianlin Shao
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Kaishun Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Weijing Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Chenhe Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Huimin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lee AY, Jang Y, Hong SH, Chang SH, Park S, Kim S, Kang KS, Kim JE, Cho MH. Ephedrine-induced mitophagy via oxidative stress in human hepatic stellate cells. J Toxicol Sci 2017; 42:461-473. [PMID: 28717105 DOI: 10.2131/jts.42.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The herb Ephedra sinica (also known as Chinese ephedra or Ma Huang), used in traditional Chinese medicine, contains alkaloids identical to ephedrine and pseudoephedrine as its principal active constituents. Recent studies have reported that ephedrine has various side effects in the cardiovascular and nervous systems. In addition, herbal Ephedra, a plant containing many pharmacologically active alkaloids, principally ephedrine, has been reported to cause acute hepatitis. Many studies reported clinical cases, however, the cellular mechanism of liver toxicity by ephedrine remains unknown. In this study, we investigated hepatotoxicity and key regulation of mitophagy in ephedrine-treated LX-2 cells. Ephedrine triggered mitochondrial oxidative stress and depolarization. Mitochondrial swelling and autolysosome were observed in ephedrine-treated cells. Ephedrine also inhibited mitochondrial biogenesis, and the mitochondrial copy number was decreased. Parkin siRNA recovered the ephedrine-induced mitochondrial damage. Excessive mitophagy lead to cell death through imbalance of autophagic flux. Moreover, antioxidants and reducing Parkin level could serve as therapeutic targets for ephedrine-induced hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ah Young Lee
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Yoonjeong Jang
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Hong
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.,Present address: New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Chang
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Sungjin Park
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.,Present address: Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Korea
| | - Sanghwa Kim
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.,Graduate Group of Tumor Biology, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.,Present address: Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.,Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Korea.,Graduate Group of Tumor Biology, Seoul National University, Korea.,Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Korea.,Institute of GreenBio Science Technology, Seoul National University, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang J, Qin X, Wang B, Xu G, Qin Z, Wang J, Wu L, Ju X, Bose DD, Qiu F, Zhou H, Zou Z. Zinc oxide nanoparticles harness autophagy to induce cell death in lung epithelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2954. [PMID: 28749469 PMCID: PMC5550878 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are widely used, they have raised concerns of toxicity in humans. Previous studies have indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy are involved in the cytotoxicity of ZnONPs, but the regulatory mechanisms between autophagy and ROS remain to be elucidated. Herein, we comprehensively investigated the regulatory mechanism of autophagy and the link between autophagy and ROS in ZnONPs-treated lung epithelial cells. We demonstrated that ZnONPs could induce autophagy, and this process could enhance the dissolution of ZnONPs in lysosomes to release zinc ions. Sequentially, zinc ions released from ZnONPs were able to damage not only lysosomes, leading to impaired autophagic flux, but also mitochondria. Impaired autophagic flux resulted in the accumulation of damaged mitochondria, which could generate excessive ROS to cause cell death. We further demonstrated that the inhibition of autophagy by either pharmacological inhibitors or small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of Beclin-1 and AMP-activated protein kinase could ameliorate ZnONPs-induced cell death. Moreover, we found that lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1/2 (LAMP-1/2), which were the most abundant highly glycosylated protein in late endosomes/lysosomes, exhibited aberrant expression pattern upon treatment with ZnONPs. Intriguingly, LAMP-2 knockdown, but not LAMP-1 knockdown, could exacerbate the ROS generation and cell death induced by ZnONPs treatment. Meanwhile, LAMP-2 overexpression alleviated ZnONPs-induced cell death, suggesting that LAMP-2 was linked to this toxic phenotype induced by ZnONPs. Our results indicate that autophagic dysfunction could contribute to excessive ROS generation upon treatment with ZnONPs in lung epithelial cells, suggesting that modulating the autophagy process would minimize ZnONPs-associated toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xia Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ge Xu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhexue Qin
- Department of Cardiology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jian Wang
- National Center for Science and Technology Evaluation (NCSTE), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lanxiang Wu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiangwu Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Diptiman D Bose
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western New England University, Springfield, MA 01119, USA
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhu Z, Huang Y, Lv L, Tao Y, Shao M, Zhao C, Xue M, Sun J, Niu C, Wang Y, Kim S, Cong W, Mao W, Jin L. Acute ethanol exposure-induced autophagy-mediated cardiac injury via activation of the ROS-JNK-Bcl-2 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:924-935. [PMID: 28369910 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Binge drinking is associated with increased cardiac autophagy, and often triggers heart injury. Given the essential role of autophagy in various cardiac diseases, this study was designed to investigate the role of autophagy in ethanol-induced cardiac injury and the underlying mechanism. Our study showed that ethanol exposure enhanced the levels of LC3-II and LC3-II positive puncta and promoted cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. In addition, we found that ethanol induced autophagy and cardiac injury largely via the sequential triggering of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylation of Bcl-2, and dissociation of the Beclin 1/Bcl-2 complex. By contrast, inhibition of ethanol-induced autophagic flux with pharmacologic agents in the hearts of mice and cultured cells significantly alleviated ethanol-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and heart injury. Elimination of ROS with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or inhibition of JNK with the JNK inhibitor SP600125 reduced ethanol-induced autophagy and subsequent autophagy-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, metallothionein (MT), which can scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, also attenuated ethanol-induced autophagy and cell apoptosis in MT-TG mice. In conclusion, our findings suggest that acute ethanol exposure induced autophagy-mediated heart toxicity and injury mainly through the ROS-JNK-Bcl-2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yewei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lingchun Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, First Clinical Medical School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiology, Lishui Central Hospital and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, P. R. China
| | - Youli Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Minglong Shao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Congcong Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mei Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chao Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of neuroscience, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Sunam Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Weitao Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Mao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, First Clinical Medical School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Litai Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
LiCl Treatment Induces Programmed Cell Death of Schwannoma Cells through AKT- and MTOR-Mediated Necroptosis. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2363-2371. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2256-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
45
|
Inhibiting ROS-NF-κB-dependent autophagy enhanced brazilin-induced apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 101:55-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
46
|
Inhibiting reactive oxygen species-dependent autophagy enhanced baicalein-induced apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Nat Med 2017; 71:433-441. [PMID: 28176233 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1076-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy modulation has been considered a potential therapeutic strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). A previous study confirmed that baicalein might possess significant anti-carcinogenic activity. However, whether baicalein induces autophagy and its role in cell death in OSCC are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer activity and molecular targets of baicalein in OSCC in vitro. In this study, we found that baicalein induced significant apoptosis in OSCC cells Cal27. In addition to showing apoptosis induction, we also demonstrated baicalein-induced autophagic response in Cal27 cells. Moreover, pharmacologically or genetically blocking autophagy enhanced baicalein-induced apoptosis, indicating the cytoprotective role of autophagy in baicalein-treated Cal27 cells. Importantly, we found that baicalein triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in Cal27 cells. Furthermore, N-acetyl-cysteine, a ROS scavenger, abrogated the effects of baicalein on ROS-dependent autophagy. Therefore, we found that baicalein increased autophagy through the promotion of ROS signaling pathways in OSCC. These data also suggest that a strategy of blocking ROS-dependent autophagy to enhance the activity of baicalein warrants further attention for the treatment of OSCC.
Collapse
|
47
|
Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons Induce Autophagic Vacuoles in Neuroblastoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17121995. [PMID: 27916824 PMCID: PMC5187795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17121995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Since graphene nanoparticles are attracting increasing interest in relation to medical applications, it is important to understand their potential effects on humans. In the present study, we prepared graphene oxide (GO) nanoribbons by oxidative unzipping of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and analyzed their toxicity in two human neuroblastoma cell lines. Neuroblastoma is the most common solid neoplasia in children. The hallmark of these tumors is the high number of different clinical variables, ranging from highly metastatic, rapid progression and resistance to therapy to spontaneous regression or change into benign ganglioneuromas. Patients with neuroblastoma are grouped into different risk groups that are characterized by different prognosis and different clinical behavior. Relapse and mortality in high risk patients is very high in spite of new advances in chemotherapy. Cell lines, obtained from neuroblastomas have different genotypic and phenotypic features. The cell lines SK-N-BE(2) and SH-SY5Y have different genetic mutations and tumorigenicity. Cells were exposed to low doses of GO for different times in order to investigate whether GO was a good vehicle for biological molecules delivering individualized therapy. Cytotoxicity in both cell lines was studied by measuring cellular oxidative stress (ROS), mitochondria membrane potential, expression of lysosomial proteins and cell growth. GO uptake and cytoplasmic distribution of particles were studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for up to 72 h. The results show that GO at low concentrations increased ROS production and induced autophagy in both neuroblastoma cell lines within a few hours of exposure, events that, however, are not followed by growth arrest or death. For this reason, we suggest that the GO nanoparticle can be used for therapeutic delivery to the brain tissue with minimal effects on healthy cells.
Collapse
|
48
|
Bcl-2 protein family expression pattern determines synergistic pro-apoptotic effects of BH3 mimetics with hemisynthetic cardiac glycoside UNBS1450 in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2016; 31:755-759. [PMID: 27872497 PMCID: PMC5339427 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
49
|
Rahman MA, Bishayee K, Sadra A, Huh SO. Oxyresveratrol activates parallel apoptotic and autophagic cell death pathways in neuroblastoma cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:23-36. [PMID: 27815218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance from apoptosis is a challenging issue with different cancer types, and there is an interest in identifying other means of inducing cytotoxicity. Here, treatment of neuroblastoma cells with oxyresveratrol (OXYRES), a natural antioxidant, led to dose-dependent cell death and increased autophagic flux along with activation of caspase-dependent apoptosis. METHODS For cell viability, we performed the CCK-8 assay. Protein expression changes were with Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Silencing of proteins was with siRNA. The readouts for cell cycle, mitochondria membrane potential, caspase-3, autophagy and apoptosis were performed with flow cytometry. RESULTS Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK increased with OXYRES treatment and inhibition of p38 reduced autophagy and cell death from OXYRES. In contrast, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling decreased in the target cells with OXYRES and inhibition of PI3K or mTOR enhanced OXYRES-mediated cytotoxicity with increased levels of autophagy. Modulation of either of the apoptosis and autophagy flux pathways affected the extent of cell death by OXYRES, but did not affect the indicators of these pathways with respect to each other. Both pathways were independent of ROS generation or p53 activation. CONCLUSION OXYRES led to cell death from autophagy, which was independent of apoptosis induction. The OXYRES effects were due to changes in the activity levels of p38 MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE With two independent and parallel pathways for cytotoxicity induction in target cells, this study puts forward a potential utility for OXYRES or the pathways it represents as novel means of inducing cell death in neuroblastoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, South Korea
| | - Kausik Bishayee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, South Korea
| | - Ali Sadra
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, South Korea
| | - Sung-Oh Huh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
The Eighth Central European Conference "Chemistry towards Biology": Snapshot. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101381. [PMID: 27763518 PMCID: PMC5283649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Eighth Central European Conference "Chemistry towards Biology" was held in Brno, Czech Republic, on August 28-September 1, 2016 to bring together experts in biology, chemistry and design of bioactive compounds; promote the exchange of scientific results, methods and ideas; and encourage cooperation between researchers from all over the world. The topics of the conference covered "Chemistry towards Biology", meaning that the event welcomed chemists working on biology-related problems, biologists using chemical methods, and students and other researchers of the respective areas that fall within the common scope of chemistry and biology. The authors of this manuscript are plenary speakers and other participants of the symposium and members of their research teams. The following summary highlights the major points/topics of the meeting.
Collapse
|