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Kreis NN, Moon HH, Wordeman L, Louwen F, Solbach C, Yuan J, Ritter A. KIF2C/MCAK a prognostic biomarker and its oncogenic potential in malignant progression, and prognosis of cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis as biomarker. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024; 61:404-434. [PMID: 38344808 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2024.2309933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
KIF2C/MCAK (KIF2C) is the most well-characterized member of the kinesin-13 family, which is critical in the regulation of microtubule (MT) dynamics during mitosis, as well as interphase. This systematic review briefly describes the important structural elements of KIF2C, its regulation by multiple molecular mechanisms, and its broad cellular functions. Furthermore, it systematically summarizes its oncogenic potential in malignant progression and performs a meta-analysis of its prognostic value in cancer patients. KIF2C was shown to be involved in multiple crucial cellular processes including cell migration and invasion, DNA repair, senescence induction and immune modulation, which are all known to be critical during the development of malignant tumors. Indeed, an increasing number of publications indicate that KIF2C is aberrantly expressed in multiple cancer entities. Consequently, we have highlighted its involvement in at least five hallmarks of cancer, namely: genome instability, resisting cell death, activating invasion and metastasis, avoiding immune destruction and cellular senescence. This was followed by a systematic search of KIF2C/MCAK's expression in various malignant tumor entities and its correlation with clinicopathologic features. Available data were pooled into multiple weighted meta-analyses for the correlation between KIF2Chigh protein or gene expression and the overall survival in breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Furthermore, high expression of KIF2C was correlated to disease-free survival of hepatocellular carcinoma. All meta-analyses showed poor prognosis for cancer patients with KIF2Chigh expression, associated with a decreased overall survival and reduced disease-free survival, indicating KIF2C's oncogenic potential in malignant progression and as a prognostic marker. This work delineated the promising research perspective of KIF2C with modern in vivo and in vitro technologies to further decipher the function of KIF2C in malignant tumor development and progression. This might help to establish KIF2C as a biomarker for the diagnosis or evaluation of at least three cancer entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina-Naomi Kreis
- Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ha Hyung Moon
- Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Linda Wordeman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frank Louwen
- Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christine Solbach
- Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Ritter
- Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Peng J, Xie F, Qin P, Liu Y, Niu H, Sun J, Xue H, Zhao Q, Liu J, Wu J. Recent development of selective inhibitors targeting the HDAC6 as anti-cancer drugs: Structure, function and design. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106622. [PMID: 37244230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
HDAC6, a member of the histone deacetylase family, mainly is a cytosolic protein and regulates cell growth by acting on non-histone substrates, such as α -tubulin, cortactin, heat shock protein HSP90, programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), that are closely related to the proliferation, invasion, immune escape and angiogenesis of cancer tissues. The approved drugs targeting the HDACs are all pan-inhibitors and have many side effects due to their lack of selectivity. Therefore, development of selective inhibitors of HDAC6 has attracted much attention in the field of cancer therapy. In this review, we will summarize the relationship between HDAC6 and cancer, and discuss the design strategies of HDAC6 inhibitors for cancer treatment in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Peng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Pengxia Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Haoqian Niu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Haoyu Xue
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Qianlong Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jingqian Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jingde Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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Roth A, Gihring A, Bischof J, Pan L, Oswald F, Knippschild U. CK1 Is a Druggable Regulator of Microtubule Dynamics and Microtubule-Associated Processes. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1345. [PMID: 35267653 PMCID: PMC8909099 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases of the Casein Kinase 1 family play a vital role in the regulation of numerous cellular processes. Apart from functions associated with regulation of proliferation, differentiation, or apoptosis, localization of several Casein Kinase 1 isoforms to the centrosome and microtubule asters also implicates regulatory functions in microtubule dynamic processes. Being localized to the spindle apparatus during mitosis Casein Kinase 1 directly modulates microtubule dynamics by phosphorylation of tubulin isoforms. Additionally, site-specific phosphorylation of microtubule-associated proteins can be related to the maintenance of genomic stability but also microtubule stabilization/destabilization, e.g., by hyper-phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein 1A and RITA1. Consequently, approaches interfering with Casein Kinase 1-mediated microtubule-specific functions might be exploited as therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer. Currently pursued strategies include the development of Casein Kinase 1 isoform-specific small molecule inhibitors and therapeutically useful peptides specifically inhibiting kinase-substrate interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Roth
- University Medical Center Ulm, Department of General, and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.R.); (A.G.); (J.B.)
| | - Adrian Gihring
- University Medical Center Ulm, Department of General, and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.R.); (A.G.); (J.B.)
| | - Joachim Bischof
- University Medical Center Ulm, Department of General, and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.R.); (A.G.); (J.B.)
| | - Leiling Pan
- University Medical Center Ulm, Center for Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Franz Oswald
- University Medical Center Ulm, Center for Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- University Medical Center Ulm, Department of General, and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.R.); (A.G.); (J.B.)
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Rasamizafy SF, Delsert C, Rabeharivelo G, Cau J, Morin N, van Dijk J. Mitotic Acetylation of Microtubules Promotes Centrosomal PLK1 Recruitment and Is Required to Maintain Bipolar Spindle Homeostasis. Cells 2021; 10:1859. [PMID: 34440628 PMCID: PMC8394630 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubulin post-translational modifications regulate microtubule properties and functions. Mitotic spindle microtubules are highly modified. While tubulin detyrosination promotes proper mitotic progression by recruiting specific microtubule-associated proteins motors, tubulin acetylation that occurs on specific microtubule subsets during mitosis is less well understood. Here, we show that siRNA-mediated depletion of the tubulin acetyltransferase ATAT1 in epithelial cells leads to a prolonged prometaphase arrest and the formation of monopolar spindles. This results from collapse of bipolar spindles, as previously described in cells deficient for the mitotic kinase PLK1. ATAT1-depleted mitotic cells have defective recruitment of PLK1 to centrosomes, defects in centrosome maturation and thus microtubule nucleation, as well as labile microtubule-kinetochore attachments. Spindle bipolarity could be restored, in the absence of ATAT1, by stabilizing microtubule plus-ends or by increasing PLK1 activity at centrosomes, demonstrating that the phenotype is not just a consequence of lack of K-fiber stability. We propose that microtubule acetylation of K-fibers is required for a recently evidenced cross talk between centrosomes and kinetochores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Fenosoa Rasamizafy
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Claude Delsert
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la mer, L3AS, 34250 Palavas-les-Flots, France
| | - Gabriel Rabeharivelo
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Cau
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- IGH, CNRS UMR 9002, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France
- Montpellier Rio Imaging, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Morin
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Juliette van Dijk
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
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Muniz TP, Sorotsky H, Kanjanapan Y, Rose AAN, Araujo DV, Fortuna A, Ghazarian D, Kamil ZS, Pugh T, Mah M, Thiagarajah M, Torti D, Spreafico A, Hogg D. Genomic Landscape of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor‒Like Melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2470-2479. [PMID: 33831431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST)-like melanoma is a rare malignancy with overlapping characteristics of both neural sarcoma and melanoma. Although the genomics of cutaneous melanoma has been extensively studied, those of MPNST-like melanoma have not. To characterize the genomic landscape of MPNST-like melanoma, we performed a single-center, retrospective cohort study at a tertiary academic cancer center. Consecutive patients with a confirmed histologic diagnosis of MPNST-like melanoma were screened, and those whose tissues were locally available were included in this analysis. Archival tissue from six patients (eight samples) was submitted for whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing analysis. We compared these data with available genomic studies of cutaneous melanoma and MPNST. NF1 was altered (mutated, deleted, or amplified) in 67% of patients. Genes related to cell cycle regulation were frequently altered, with frequent deletion of ZNF331, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously described in cutaneous melanoma. The serine protease inhibitor SERPINB4 was deleted in 100% of the patients. We show that MPNST-like melanoma presents overlapping genomic features with cutaneous melanoma and MPNST, but it is unique by the frequency of loss of function of ZNF331 and SERPINB4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago P Muniz
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Hadas Sorotsky
- Institute of Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center at Tel-Hashomer, Ramant Gan, Israel
| | - Yada Kanjanapan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Canberra Region Cancer Centre, Canberra, Australia
| | - April A N Rose
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel V Araujo
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de Base, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Alexander Fortuna
- Translational Genomics Laboratory, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danny Ghazarian
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zaid Saeed Kamil
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Trevor Pugh
- Translational Genomics Laboratory, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Mah
- Translational Genomics Laboratory, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Trillium Health Partners, Genetics Laboratory, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madhuran Thiagarajah
- Translational Genomics Laboratory, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dax Torti
- Translational Genomics Laboratory, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Phase 1 Drug Development Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Hogg
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Wolf DB, Maier D, Nagel AC. Nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of murine RBPJ by Hairless protein matches that of Su(H) protein in the model system Drosophila melanogaster. Hereditas 2021; 158:11. [PMID: 33775255 PMCID: PMC8006372 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-021-00175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract CSL transcription factors are central to signal transduction in the highly conserved Notch signaling pathway. CSL acts as a molecular switch: depending on the cofactors recruited, CSL induces either activation or repression of Notch target genes. Unexpectedly, CSL depends on its cofactors for nuclear entry, despite its role as gene regulator. In Drosophila, the CSL homologue Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)), recruits Hairless (H) for repressor complex assembly, and eventually for nuclear import. We recently found that Su(H) is subjected to a dynamic nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling, thereby strictly following H subcellular distribution. Hence, regulation of nuclear availability of Su(H) by H may represent a new layer of control of Notch signaling activity. Here we extended this work on the murine CSL homologue RBPJ. Using a ‘murinized’ fly model bearing RBPJwt in place of Su(H) at the endogenous locus we demonstrate that RBPJ protein likewise follows H subcellular distribution. For example, overexpression of a H*NLS3 protein variant defective of nuclear import resulted in a cytosolic localization of RBPJ protein, whereas the overexpression of a H*NES protein variant defective in the nuclear export signal caused the accumulation of RBPJ protein in the nucleus. Evidently, RBPJ is exported from the nucleus as well. Overall these data demonstrate that in our fly model, RBPJ is subjected to H-mediated nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling as is Su(H). These data raise the possibility that nuclear availability of mammalian CSL proteins is likewise restricted by cofactors, and may hence present a more general mode of regulating Notch signaling activity. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina B Wolf
- Department of General Genetics (190g), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dieter Maier
- Department of General Genetics (190g), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Anja C Nagel
- Department of General Genetics (190g), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Reglero C, Ortiz del Castillo B, Rivas V, Mayor F, Penela P. Mdm2-Mediated Downmodulation of GRK2 Restricts Centrosome Separation for Proper Chromosome Congression. Cells 2021; 10:729. [PMID: 33806062 PMCID: PMC8064503 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing of centrosome separation and the distance moved apart influence the formation of the bipolar spindle, affecting chromosome stability. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling induces early centrosome separation through downstream G protein-coupled receptor kinase GRK2, which phosphorylates the Hippo pathway component MST2 (Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 2), in turn allowing NIMA kinase Nek2A activation for centrosomal linker disassembly. However, the mechanisms that counterbalance centrosome disjunction and separation remain poorly understood. We unveil that timely degradation of GRK2 by the E3 ligase Mdm2 limits centrosome separation in the G2. Both knockout expression and catalytic inhibition of Mdm2 result in GRK2 accumulation and enhanced centrosome separation before mitosis onset. Phosphorylation of GRK2 on residue S670 enables a complex pattern of non-K48-linked polyubiquitin chains assembled by Mdm2, which correlate with kinase protein degradation. Remarkably, GRK2-S670A protein fails to phosphorylate MST2 despite overcoming Mdm2-dependent degradation, which results in defective centrosome separation, shorter spindles, and abnormal chromosome congression. Conversely, extra levels of wild-type kinase in the G2 cause increased inter-centrosome distances with longer spindles, also converging in congression issues. Our findings show that the signals enabling activity of the GRK2/MST2/Nek2A axis for separation also switches on Mdm2 degradation of GRK2 to ensure accurate centrosome dynamics and proper mitotic spindle functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Reglero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (B.O.d.C.); (V.R.); (F.M.J.)
| | - Belén Ortiz del Castillo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (B.O.d.C.); (V.R.); (F.M.J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Rivas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (B.O.d.C.); (V.R.); (F.M.J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Mayor
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (B.O.d.C.); (V.R.); (F.M.J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Petronila Penela
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (B.O.d.C.); (V.R.); (F.M.J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Shin SB, Kim CH, Jang HR, Yim H. Combination of Inhibitors of USP7 and PLK1 has a Strong Synergism against Paclitaxel Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8629. [PMID: 33207738 PMCID: PMC7697005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
USP7 is a promising target for the development of cancer treatments because of its high expression and the critical functions of its substrates in carcinogenesis of several different carcinomas. Here, we demonstrated the effectiveness of targeting USP7 in advanced malignant cells showing high levels of USP7, especially in taxane-resistant cancer. USP7 knockdown effectively induced cell death in several cancer cells of lung, prostate, and cervix. Depletion of USP7 induced multiple spindle pole formation in mitosis, and, consequently, resulted in mitotic catastrophe. When USP7 was blocked in the paclitaxel-resistant lung cancer NCI-H460TXR cells, which has resistance to mitotic catastrophe, NCI-H460TXR cells underwent apoptosis effectively. Furthermore, combination treatment with the mitotic kinase PLK1 inhibitor volasertib and the USP7 inhibitor P22077 showed a strong synergism through down-regulation of MDR1/ABCB1 in paclitaxel-resistant lung cancer. Therefore, we suggest USP7 is a promising target for cancer therapy, and combination therapy with inhibitors of PLK1 and USP7 may be valuable for treating paclitaxel-resistant cancers, because of their strong synergism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hyungshin Yim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea; (S.-B.S.); (C.-H.K.); (H.-R.J.)
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Ritter A, Safdar BK, Jasmer B, Kreis NN, Friemel A, Roth S, Solbach C, Louwen F, Yuan J. The Function of Oncogene B-Cell Lymphoma 6 in the Regulation of the Migration and Invasion of Trophoblastic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218393. [PMID: 33182312 PMCID: PMC7664908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human placentation is a highly invasive process. Deficiency in the invasiveness of trophoblasts is associated with a spectrum of gestational diseases, such as preeclampsia (PE). The oncogene B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is involved in the migration and invasion of various malignant cells. Intriguingly, its expression is deregulated in preeclamptic placentas. We have reported that BCL6 is required for the proliferation, survival, fusion, and syncytialization of trophoblasts. In the present work, we show that the inhibition of BCL6, either by its gene silencing or by using specific small molecule inhibitors, impairs the migration and invasion of trophoblastic cells, by reducing cell adhesion and compromising the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, the suppression of BCL6 weakens the signals of the phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase, Akt/protein kinase B, and extracellular regulated kinase 1/2, accompanied by more stationary, but less migratory, cells. Interestingly, transcriptomic analyses reveal that a small interfering RNA-induced reduction of BCL6 decreases the levels of numerous genes, such as p21 activated kinase 1, myosin light chain kinase, and gamma actin related to cell adhesion, actin dynamics, and cell migration. These data suggest BCL6 as a crucial player in the migration and invasion of trophoblasts in the early stages of placental development through the regulation of various genes associated with the migratory machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ritter
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (J.Y.); Tel.: +49-69-6301-83297 (A.R.); +49-69-6301-5819 (J.Y.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juping Yuan
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (J.Y.); Tel.: +49-69-6301-83297 (A.R.); +49-69-6301-5819 (J.Y.)
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10
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Bergmann L, Lang A, Bross C, Altinoluk-Hambüchen S, Fey I, Overbeck N, Stefanski A, Wiek C, Kefalas A, Verhülsdonk P, Mielke C, Sohn D, Stühler K, Hanenberg H, Jänicke RU, Scheller J, Reichert AS, Ahmadian MR, Piekorz RP. Subcellular Localization and Mitotic Interactome Analyses Identify SIRT4 as a Centrosomally Localized and Microtubule Associated Protein. Cells 2020; 9:E1950. [PMID: 32846968 PMCID: PMC7564595 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The stress-inducible and senescence-associated tumor suppressor SIRT4, a member of the family of mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5), regulates bioenergetics and metabolism via NAD+-dependent enzymatic activities. Next to the known mitochondrial location, we found that a fraction of endogenous or ectopically expressed SIRT4, but not SIRT3, is present in the cytosol and predominantly localizes to centrosomes. Confocal spinning disk microscopy revealed that SIRT4 is found during the cell cycle dynamically at centrosomes with an intensity peak in G2 and early mitosis. Moreover, SIRT4 precipitates with microtubules and interacts with structural (α,β-tubulin, γ-tubulin, TUBGCP2, TUBGCP3) and regulatory (HDAC6) microtubule components as detected by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometric analyses of the mitotic SIRT4 interactome. Overexpression of SIRT4 resulted in a pronounced decrease of acetylated α-tubulin (K40) associated with altered microtubule dynamics in mitotic cells. SIRT4 or the N-terminally truncated variant SIRT4(ΔN28), which is unable to translocate into mitochondria, delayed mitotic progression and reduced cell proliferation. This study extends the functional roles of SIRT4 beyond mitochondrial metabolism and provides the first evidence that SIRT4 acts as a novel centrosomal/microtubule-associated protein in the regulation of cell cycle progression. Thus, stress-induced SIRT4 may exert its role as tumor suppressor through mitochondrial as well as extramitochondrial functions, the latter associated with its localization at the mitotic spindle apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bergmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Bross
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone Altinoluk-Hambüchen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Iris Fey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Overbeck
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anja Stefanski
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Constanze Wiek
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Kefalas
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Verhülsdonk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Mielke
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dennis Sohn
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45112 Essen, Germany
| | - Reiner U Jänicke
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mohammad Reza Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roland P Piekorz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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11
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Qu P, Zuo Z, Liu Z, Niu Z, Zhang Y, Du Y, Ma X, Qiao F, Wang M, Zhang Y, Qing S, Wang Y. Sperm-borne small RNAs regulate α-tubulin acetylation and epigenetic modification of early bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. Mol Hum Reprod 2020; 25:471-482. [PMID: 31041452 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence indicates that sperm-borne small RNA plays a crucial role in embryonic development, especially the absence of the sperm-borne small RNA might be a major cause of the abnormal development of cloned embryos. In this study, we found that sperm-borne small RNA can affect abnormal pronuclear-like structures, postpone the timing of first embryo cleavage and enhance developmental competence of bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. In addition, the supplementation of sperm-borne small RNA can significantly increase live birth rates and decrease the birth weights of cloned offspring. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, the levels of α-tubulin K40 acetylation (Ac α-tubulin K40) and histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) during early embryo development were investigated in SCNT embryos with sperm-borne small RNA supplementation (termed as T-NT), compared to those normal SCNT embryos and embryos obtained from standard IVF. The results showed that sperm-borne small RNA can significantly decrease the H3K9me3 levels at the pronuclear and two-cell stages, while significantly increase Ac α-tubulin K40 levels at anaphase and telophase of bovine SCNT embryos during the first cleavage. Collectively, our study for the first time demonstrates that sperm-borne small RNA plays a crucial role in the developmental competence of SCNT embryos by regulating H3K9me3 and Ac α-tubulin K40. Further studies will be required to determine how sperm small RNA regulate the H3K9me3 and Acα-tubulin K40. Our study suggests that the supplementation of sperm-borne small RNA is a potential application to improve the cloning efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Qu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Laboratory Animal Centre, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenzi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhihan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Du
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Suzhu Qing
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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12
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RITA Is Expressed in Trophoblastic Cells and Is Involved in Differentiation Processes of the Placenta. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121484. [PMID: 31766533 PMCID: PMC6953008 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) remains a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated and no causal therapy is currently available. It is of clinical relevance to decipher novel molecular biomarkers. RITA (RBP-J (recombination signal binding protein J)-interacting and tubulin-associated protein) has been identified as a negative modulator of the Notch pathway and as a microtubule-associated protein important for cell migration and invasion. In the present work, we have systematically studied RITA’s expression in primary placental tissues from patients with early- and late-onset PE as well as in various trophoblastic cell lines. RITA is expressed in primary placental tissues throughout gestation, especially in proliferative villous cytotrophoblasts, in the terminally differentiated syncytiotrophoblast, and in migrating extravillous trophoblasts. RITA’s messenger RNA (mRNA) level is decreased in primary tissue samples from early-onset PE patients. The deficiency of RITA impairs the motility and invasion capacity of trophoblastic cell lines, and compromises the fusion ability of trophoblast-derived choriocarcinoma cells. These data suggest that RITA may play important roles in the development of the placenta and possibly in the pathogenesis of PE.
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13
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Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Commonality and Diversity. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101288. [PMID: 31640218 PMCID: PMC6830091 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are considered to be a useful tool for regenerative medicine, owing to their capabilities in differentiation, self-renewal, and immunomodulation. These cells have become a focus in the clinical setting due to their abundance and easy isolation. However, ASCs from different depots are not well characterized. Here, we analyzed the functional similarities and differences of subcutaneous and visceral ASCs. Subcutaneous ASCs have an extraordinarily directed mode of motility and a highly dynamic focal adhesion turnover, even though they share similar surface markers, whereas visceral ASCs move in an undirected random pattern with more stable focal adhesions. Visceral ASCs have a higher potential to differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic cells when compared to subcutaneous ASCs. In line with these observations, visceral ASCs demonstrate a more active sonic hedgehog pathway that is linked to a high expression of cilia/differentiation related genes. Moreover, visceral ASCs secrete higher levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor α relative to subcutaneous ASCs. These findings highlight, that both ASC subpopulations share multiple cellular features, but significantly differ in their functions. The functional diversity of ASCs depends on their origin, cellular context and surrounding microenvironment within adipose tissues. The data provide important insight into the biology of ASCs, which might be useful in choosing the adequate ASC subpopulation for regenerative therapies.
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14
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Hoock SC, Ritter A, Steinhäuser K, Roth S, Behrends C, Oswald F, Solbach C, Louwen F, Kreis N, Yuan J. RITA modulates cell migration and invasion by affecting focal adhesion dynamics. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:2121-2141. [PMID: 31353815 PMCID: PMC6763788 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RITA, the RBP-J interacting and tubulin-associated protein, has been reported to be related to tumor development, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood. Since RITA interacts with tubulin and coats microtubules of the cytoskeleton, we hypothesized that it is involved in cell motility. We show here that depletion of RITA reduces cell migration and invasion of diverse cancer cell lines and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cells depleted of RITA display stable focal adhesions (FA) with elevated active integrin, phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase, and paxillin. This is accompanied by enlarged size and disturbed turnover of FA. These cells also demonstrate increased polymerized tubulin. Interestingly, RITA is precipitated with the lipoma-preferred partner (LPP), which is critical in actin cytoskeleton remodeling and cell migration. Suppression of RITA results in reduced LPP and α-actinin at FA leading to compromised focal adhesion turnover and actin dynamics. This study identifies RITA as a novel crucial player in cell migration and invasion by affecting the turnover of FA through its interference with the dynamics of actin filaments and microtubules. Its deregulation may contribute to malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Catharina Hoock
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Andreas Ritter
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Kerstin Steinhäuser
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
- Present address:
Solvadis Distribution GmbHGernsheimGermany
| | - Susanne Roth
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Christian Behrends
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical SchoolJ. W.‐Goethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
- Present address:
Munich Cluster of Systems NeurologyLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Franz Oswald
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Center for Internal MedicineMedical Center UlmGermany
| | - Christine Solbach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Nina‐Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
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15
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Ritter A, Kreis NN, Roth S, Friemel A, Jennewein L, Eichbaum C, Solbach C, Louwen F, Yuan J. Restoration of primary cilia in obese adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting Aurora A or extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:255. [PMID: 31412932 PMCID: PMC6694567 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity impairs a variety of cell types including adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). ASCs are indispensable for tissue homeostasis/repair, immunomodulation, and cell renewal. It has been demonstrated that obese ASCs are defective in differentiation, motility, immunomodulation, and replication. We have recently reported that some of these defects are linked to impaired primary cilia, which are unable to properly convey and coordinate a variety of signaling pathways. We hypothesized that the rescue of the primary cilium in obese ASCs would restore their functional properties. METHODS Obese ASCs derived from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were treated with a specific inhibitor against Aurora A or with an inhibitor against extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2). Multiple molecular and cellular assays were performed to analyze the altered functionalities and their involved pathways. RESULTS The treatment with low doses of these inhibitors extended the length of the primary cilium, restored the invasion and migration potential, and improved the differentiation capacity of obese ASCs. Associated with enhanced differentiation ability, the cells displayed an increased expression of self-renewal/stemness-related genes like SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG, mediated by reduced active glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK3β). CONCLUSION This work describes a novel phenomenon whereby the primary cilium of obese ASCs is rescuable by the low-dose inhibition of Aurora A or Erk1/2, restoring functional ASCs with increased stemness. These cells might be able to improve tissue homeostasis in obese patients and thereby ameliorate obesity-associated diseases. Additionally, these functionally restored obese ASCs could be useful for novel autologous mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ritter
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Nina-Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Susanne Roth
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friemel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lukas Jennewein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christine Eichbaum
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christine Solbach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
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16
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The quantification and regulation of microtubule dynamics in the mitotic spindle. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2019; 60:36-43. [PMID: 31108428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules play essential roles in cellular organization, cargo transport, and chromosome segregation during cell division. During mitosis microtubules form a macromolecular structure known as the mitotic spindle that is responsible for the accurate segregation of chromosomes between the two daughter cells. This is accomplished thanks to finely tuned control of microtubule dynamics. Even small changes in microtubule dynamics during spindle formation and/or operation may lead to chromosome mis-segregation, chromosome instability and aneuploidy. These three events are directly correlated with human diseases like cancer and developmental defects. Precise measurements of microtubule dynamics in the spindle will allow us to discover new molecules involved in regulating microtubule dynamics and enable a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that underlie mitosis and cancer emergence and development. Moreover, many chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment are targeted to microtubules, so continued investigation of their dynamics with utmost precision will facilitate the development of new drugs. Measuring microtubule dynamics in the spindle has been a difficult task until recently. With the development of new and gentler microscopic techniques, and new computer programs, we can perform better and more accurate measurements of microtubule dynamics during mitosis.
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17
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The function of histone acetylation in cervical cancer development. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190527. [PMID: 30886064 PMCID: PMC6465204 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common female cancer in the world. It is well known that cervical cancer is closely related to high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, epigenetics has increasingly been recognized for its role in tumorigenesis. Epigenetics refers to changes in gene expression levels based on non-gene sequence changes, primarily through transcription or translation of genes regulation, thus affecting its function and characteristics. Typical post-translational modifications (PTMs) include acetylation, propionylation, butyrylation, malonylation and succinylation, among which the acetylation modification of lysine sites has been studied more clearly so far. The acetylation modification of lysine residues in proteins is involved in many aspects of cellular life activities, including carbon metabolism, transcriptional regulation, amino acid metabolism and so on. In this review, we summarize the latest discoveries on cervical cancer development arising from the aspect of acetylation, especially histone acetylation.
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18
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Potential involvement of RITA in the activation of Aurora A at spindle poles during mitosis. Oncogene 2019; 38:4199-4214. [PMID: 30705408 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The mitotic kinase Aurora A is crucial for various mitotic events. Its activation has been intensively investigated and is not yet completely understood. RITA, the RBP-J interacting and tubulin-associated protein, has been shown to modulate microtubule dynamics in mitosis. We asked if RITA could be related to the activation of Aurora A. We show here that RITA is colocalized with Aurora A and its activator TPX2 at spindle poles during mitosis. FLAG-RITA is precipitated with the complex of Aurora A, TPX2 and tubulin. Depletion of RITA increases exclusively active Aurora A and TPX2 at spindle poles in diverse cancer cell lines and in RITA knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The enhanced active Aurora A, its substrate p-TACC3 and TPX2 are restored by adding back of RITA but not its Δtub mutant with an impaired tubulin-binding capability, indicating that RITA's role as Aurora A's modulator is mediated through its interaction with tubulin. Also, the mitotic failures in cells depleted of RITA are rescued by the inhibition of Aurora A. RITA itself does not directly interfere with the catalytic activity of Aurora A, instead, affects the microtubule binding of its activator TPX2. Moreover, Aurora A's activation correlates with microtubule stabilization induced by the microtubule stabilizer paclitaxel, implicating that stabilized microtubules caused by RITA depletion could also account for increased active Aurora A. Our data suggest a potential role for RITA in the activation of Aurora A at spindle poles by modulating the microtubule binding of TPX2 and the microtubule stability during mitosis.
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19
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Sudo H. Microtubule Hyperacetylation Enhances KL1-Dependent Micronucleation under a Tau Deficiency in Mammary Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092488. [PMID: 30142893 PMCID: PMC6165458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced microtubule acetylation has been identified as a negative prognostic indicator in breast cancer. We reported previously that primary cultured human mammary epithelial cells manifest breast cancer-related aneuploidization via the activation of severing protein katanin-like (KL)1 when tau is deficient. To address in this current study whether microtubule hyperacetylation is involved in breast carcinogenesis through mitosis, the effects of tubacin on human mammary epithelial cells were tested using immunofluorescence techniques. Tau-knockdown cells showed enhancement of KL1-dependent events, chromosome-bridging and micronucleation in response to tubacin. These enhancements were suppressed by further expression of an acetylation-deficient tubulin mutant. Consistently, using a rat fibroblast-based microtubule sensitivity test, it was confirmed that KL1 also shows enhanced activity in response to microtubule hyperacetylation as well as katanin. It was further observed in rat fibroblasts that exogenously expressed KL1 results in more micronucleation under microtubule hyperacetylation conditions. These data suggest that microtubule acetylation upregulates KL1 and induces more aneuploidy if tau is deficient. It is thus plausible that microtubule hyperacetylation promotes tumor progression by enhancing microtubule sensitivity to KL1, thereby disrupting spindle microtubules and this process could be reversed by the microtubule-binding and microtubule protective octapeptide NAPVSIPQ (NAP) which recruits tau to the microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Sudo
- Faculty of Health Science, Tokoha University, 1-30, Mizuochi-cho, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 420-0831, Japan.
- Department of Biochemistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan.
- Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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20
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Ritter A, Friemel A, Kreis NN, Hoock SC, Roth S, Kielland-Kaisen U, Brüggmann D, Solbach C, Louwen F, Yuan J. Primary Cilia Are Dysfunctional in Obese Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:583-599. [PMID: 29396182 PMCID: PMC5830986 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have crucial functions, but their roles in obesity are not well defined. We show here that ASCs from obese individuals have defective primary cilia, which are shortened and unable to properly respond to stimuli. Impaired cilia compromise ASC functionalities. Exposure to obesity-related hypoxia and cytokines shortens cilia of lean ASCs. Like obese ASCs, lean ASCs treated with interleukin-6 are deficient in the Hedgehog pathway, and their differentiation capability is associated with increased ciliary disassembly genes like AURKA. Interestingly, inhibition of Aurora A or its downstream target the histone deacetylase 6 rescues the cilium length and function of obese ASCs. This work highlights a mechanism whereby defective cilia render ASCs dysfunctional, resulting in diseased adipose tissue. Impaired cilia in ASCs may be a key event in the pathogenesis of obesity, and its correction might provide an alternative strategy for combating obesity and its associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ritter
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friemel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina-Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Samira Catharina Hoock
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Susanne Roth
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrikke Kielland-Kaisen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dörthe Brüggmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christine Solbach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
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21
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CSL-Associated Corepressor and Coactivator Complexes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1066:279-295. [PMID: 30030832 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89512-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The highly conserved Notch signal transduction pathway orchestrates fundamental cellular processes including, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis during embryonic development and in the adult organism. Dysregulated Notch signaling underlies the etiology of a variety of human diseases, such as certain types of cancers, developmental disorders and cardiovascular disease. Ligand binding induces proteolytic cleavage of the Notch receptor and nuclear translocation of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), which forms a ternary complex with the transcription factor CSL and the coactivator MAML to upregulate transcription of Notch target genes. The DNA-binding protein CSL is the centrepiece of transcriptional regulation in the Notch pathway, acting as a molecular hub for interactions with either corepressors or coactivators to repress or activate, respectively, transcription. Here we review previous structure-function studies of CSL-associated coregulator complexes and discuss the molecular insights gleaned from this research. We discuss the functional consequences of both activating and repressing binding partners using the same interaction platforms on CSL. We also emphasize that although there has been a significant uptick in structural information over the past decade, it is still under debate how the molecular switch from repression to activation mediated by CSL occurs at Notch target genes and whether it will be possible to manipulate these transcription complexes therapeutically in the future.
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22
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Rödel F, Steinhäuser K, Kreis NN, Friemel A, Martin D, Wieland U, Rave-Fränk M, Balermpas P, Fokas E, Louwen F, Rödel C, Yuan J. Prognostic impact of RITA expression in patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2017; 126:214-221. [PMID: 29122359 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RBP-J interacting and tubulin-associated protein (RITA) has been identified as a negative regulator of the Notch signalling pathway and its deregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of several tumour entities. RITA's impact on the response of anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to anticancer treatment, however, remains elusive. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our retrospective study immunohistochemical evaluation of RITA was performed on 140 pre-treatment specimens and was correlated with clinical and histopathologic characteristics and clinical endpoints cumulative incidence of local control (LC), distant recurrence (DC), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS We observed significant inverse correlations between RITA expression and tumour grading, the levels of HPV-16 virus DNA load, CD8 (+) tumour infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death protein (PD-1) immunostaining. In univariate analyses, elevated levels of RITA expression were predictive for decreased local control (p = 0.001), decreased distant control (p = 0.040), decreased disease free survival (p = 0.001) and overall survival (p < 0.0001), whereas in multivariate analyses RITA expression remained significant for decreased local control (p = 0.009), disease free survival (p = 0.032) and overall survival (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION These data indicate that elevated levels of pretreatment RITA expression are correlated with unfavourable clinical outcome in anal carcinoma treated with concomitant chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Rödel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site: Frankfurt/Mainz, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Kerstin Steinhäuser
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina-Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friemel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Martin
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wieland
- Institute of Virology, National Reference Centre for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Margret Rave-Fränk
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Balermpas
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site: Frankfurt/Mainz, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Fokas
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site: Frankfurt/Mainz, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Claus Rödel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site: Frankfurt/Mainz, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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23
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Jasmer B, Muschol-Steinmetz C, Kreis NN, Friemel A, Kielland-Kaisen U, Brüggmann D, Jennewein L, Allert R, Solbach C, Yuan J, Louwen F. Involvement of the oncogene B-cell lymphoma 6 in the fusion and differentiation process of trophoblastic cells of the placenta. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108643-108654. [PMID: 29312557 PMCID: PMC5752470 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogene B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is associated with lymphomagenesis. Intriguingly, its expression is increased in preeclamptic placentas. Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Preeclamptic placentas are characterized by various defects like deregulated differentiation and impaired fusion of trophoblasts. Its pathogenesis is however not totally understood. We show here that BCL6 is present throughout the cell fusion process in the fusogenic trophoblastic cell line BeWo. Suppression of BCL6 promotes trophoblast fusion, indicated by enhanced levels of fusion-related β-hCG, syncytin 1 and syncytin 2. Increased mRNA levels of these genes could also be observed in primary term cytotrophoblasts depleted of BCL6. Conversely, stable overexpression of BCL6 reduces the fusion capacity of BeWo cells. These data suggest that an accurately regulated expression of BCL6 is important for proper differentiation and successful syncytialization of trophoblasts. While deregulated BCL6 is linked to lymphomagenesis by blocking lymphocyte terminal differentiation, increased BCL6 in the placenta contributes to the development of preeclampsia by impairing trophoblast differentiation and fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Jasmer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Cornelia Muschol-Steinmetz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina-Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friemel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrikke Kielland-Kaisen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dörthe Brüggmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lukas Jennewein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Roman Allert
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christine Solbach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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