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Țichil I, Mitre I, Zdrenghea MT, Bojan AS, Tomuleasa CI, Cenariu D. A Review of Key Regulators of Steady-State and Ineffective Erythropoiesis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2585. [PMID: 38731114 PMCID: PMC11084473 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Erythropoiesis is initiated with the transformation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells into committed erythroid progenitor cells in the erythroblastic islands of the bone marrow in adults. These cells undergo several stages of differentiation, including erythroblast formation, normoblast formation, and finally, the expulsion of the nucleus to form mature red blood cells. The erythropoietin (EPO) pathway, which is activated by hypoxia, induces stimulation of the erythroid progenitor cells and the promotion of their proliferation and survival as well as maturation and hemoglobin synthesis. The regulation of erythropoiesis is a complex and dynamic interaction of a myriad of factors, such as transcription factors (GATA-1, STAT5), cytokines (IL-3, IL-6, IL-11), iron metabolism and cell cycle regulators. Multiple microRNAs are involved in erythropoiesis, mediating cell growth and development, regulating oxidative stress, erythrocyte maturation and differentiation, hemoglobin synthesis, transferrin function and iron homeostasis. This review aims to explore the physiology of steady-state erythropoiesis and to outline key mechanisms involved in ineffective erythropoiesis linked to anemia, chronic inflammation, stress, and hematological malignancies. Studying aberrations in erythropoiesis in various diseases allows a more in-depth understanding of the heterogeneity within erythroid populations and the development of gene therapies to treat hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Țichil
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- Department of Haematology, “Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ileana Mitre
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
| | - Mihnea Tudor Zdrenghea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- Department of Haematology, “Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Simona Bojan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- Department of Haematology, “Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ciprian Ionuț Tomuleasa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- Department of Haematology, “Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- MEDFUTURE—Research Centre for Advanced Medicine, 8 Louis Pasteur Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Cenariu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- MEDFUTURE—Research Centre for Advanced Medicine, 8 Louis Pasteur Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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2
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Liu P, Wang K, Li J, Ogasawara MA, Xia Z, Wierda WG, Keating MJ, Li Y, Huang P. Global miRNA profiling reveals key molecules that contribute to different chronic lymphocytic leukemia incidences in Asian and Western populations. Haematologica 2024; 109:479-492. [PMID: 37646669 PMCID: PMC10828772 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been known for decades that the incidence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is significantly lower in Asia than in Western countries, but the reason responsible for this difference still remains a major knowledge gap. Using GeneChip® miRNA array to analyze the global microRNA expression in B lymphocytes from Asian and Western CLL patients and healthy individuals, we have identified microRNA with CLL-promoting or suppressive functions that are differentially expressed in Asian and Western individuals. In particular, miR-4485 is upregulated in CLL patients of both ethnic groups, and its expression is significantly lower in Asian healthy individuals. Genetic silencing of miR-4485 in CLL cells suppresses leukemia cell growth, whereas ectopic expression of miR-4485 promotes cell proliferation. Mechanistically, miR-4485 exerts its CLL-promoting activity by inhibiting the expression of TGR5 and activating the ERK1/2 pathway. In contrast, miR-138, miR-181a, miR- 181c, miR-181d, and miR-363 with tumor-suppressive function are highly expressed in Asian healthy individuals. Our study suggests that differential expression of several important microRNA with pro- or anti-CLL functions in Asian and Western B lymphocytes likely contributes to the difference in CLL incidence between the two ethnic groups, and that miR-4485 and its downstream molecule TGR5 could be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou.
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Jianan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Hematologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Marcia A Ogasawara
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Zhongjun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Hematologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - William G Wierda
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Michael J Keating
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yiqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou.
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MicroRNAs in T Cell-Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010250. [PMID: 36613706 PMCID: PMC9820302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as master regulators of gene expression in homeostasis and disease. Despite the rapidly growing body of evidence on the theranostic potential of restoring miRNA levels in pre-clinical models, the translation into clinics remains limited. Here, we review the current knowledge of miRNAs as T-cell targeting immunotherapeutic tools, and we offer an overview of the recent advances in miRNA delivery strategies, clinical trials and future perspectives in RNA interference technologies.
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C Andrade A, Freitas TR, Dornelas GG, Gomes LC, Barbosa BL, Araújo SS, Gomes KB, Sabino AP. miR-197, miR-26a and miR-27a analysis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Biomark Med 2022; 16:903-914. [PMID: 35833845 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) involves the proliferation and increase of B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, bone marrow and lymphoid organs. This study evaluated the microRNAs miR-197, miR-26a and miR-27a as potential biomarkers for CLL. Patients & Methods: Eighty-two patients with CLL and 62 control subjects (CT) were investigated for these targets, using quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results: A significant reduction of all microRNAs was observed in CLL compared to the controls (p < 0.001). Significant negative correlations were observed for the clinical staging groups. After adjusting for multiple logistic regression analysis, miR-197 and miR-26a remained as possible independent risk factors related to the CLL. Conclusions: Our data indicated good performance of this microRNAs as potential biomarkers in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Andrade
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Presidente Antônio Carlos Ave, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Tulio R Freitas
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Presidente Antônio Carlos Ave, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Geovana G Dornelas
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Presidente Antônio Carlos Ave, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sérgio Ss Araújo
- Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Presidente Antônio Carlos Ave, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Karina B Gomes
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Presidente Antônio Carlos Ave, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Adriano P Sabino
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Presidente Antônio Carlos Ave, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
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5
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Bašová P, Paszeková H, Minařík L, Dluhošová M, Burda P, Stopka T. Combined Approach to Leukemic Differentiation Using Transcription Factor PU.1-Enhancing Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126729. [PMID: 35743167 PMCID: PMC9224232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor PU.1 (Purine-rich DNA binding, SPI1) is a key regulator of hematopoiesis, whose level is influenced by transcription through its enhancers and its post-transcriptional degradation via microRNA-155 (miR-155). The degree of transcriptional regulation of the PU.1 gene is influenced by repression via DNA methylation, as well as other epigenetic factors, such as those related to progenitor maturation status, which is modulated by the transcription factor Myeloblastosis oncogene (MYB). In this work, we show that combinatorial treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells with DNA methylation inhibitors (5-Azacytidine), MYB inhibitors (Celastrol), and anti-miR-155 (AM155) ideally leads to overproduction of PU.1. We also show that PU.1 reactivation can be compensated by miR-155 and that only a combined approach leads to sustained PU.1 derepression, even at the protein level. The triple effect on increasing PU.1 levels in myeloblasts stimulates the myeloid transcriptional program while inhibiting cell survival and proliferation, leading to partial leukemic differentiation.
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6
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Zoulikha M, He W. Targeted Drug Delivery for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Pharm Res 2022; 39:441-461. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Tarab-Ravski D, Stotsky-Oterin L, Peer D. Delivery strategies of RNA therapeutics to leukocytes. J Control Release 2022; 342:362-371. [PMID: 35041904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Harnessing RNA-based therapeutics for cancer, inflammation, and viral diseases is hindered by poor delivery of therapeutic RNA molecules. Targeting leukocytes to treat these conditions holds great promise, as they are key participants in their initiation, drug response, and treatment. The various extra- and intra-cellular obstacles that impediment the clinical implementation of therapeutic RNA can be overcome by utilizing drug delivery systems. However, delivery of therapeutic RNA to leukocytes poses an even greater challenge as these cells are difficult to reach and transfect upon systemic administration. This review briefly describes the existing successful delivery strategies that efficiently target leukocytes in vivo and discuss their potential clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Tarab-Ravski
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences & Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Stotsky-Oterin
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences & Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dan Peer
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences & Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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8
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Kalushkova A, Nylund P, Párraga AA, Lennartsson A, Jernberg-Wiklund H. One Omics Approach Does Not Rule Them All: The Metabolome and the Epigenome Join Forces in Haematological Malignancies. EPIGENOMES 2021; 5:epigenomes5040022. [PMID: 34968247 PMCID: PMC8715477 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes5040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation, dysregulation of chromatin-modifying enzymes, and microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in haematological malignancies. These epimutations, with an impact on chromatin accessibility and transcriptional output, are often associated with genomic instability and the emergence of drug resistance, disease progression, and poor survival. In order to exert their functions, epigenetic enzymes utilize cellular metabolites as co-factors and are highly dependent on their availability. By affecting the expression of metabolic enzymes, epigenetic modifiers may aid the generation of metabolite signatures that could be utilized as targets and biomarkers in cancer. This interdependency remains often neglected and poorly represented in studies, despite well-established methods to study the cellular metabolome. This review critically summarizes the current knowledge in the field to provide an integral picture of the interplay between epigenomic alterations and the cellular metabolome in haematological malignancies. Our recent findings defining a distinct metabolic signature upon response to enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibition in multiple myeloma (MM) highlight how a shift of preferred metabolic pathways may potentiate novel treatments. The suggested link between the epigenome and the metabolome in haematopoietic tumours holds promise for the use of metabolic signatures as possible biomarkers of response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Kalushkova
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrick Nylund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
| | - Alba Atienza Párraga
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
| | - Andreas Lennartsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, NEO, Karolinska Institutet, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Helena Jernberg-Wiklund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
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Anelli L, Zagaria A, Specchia G, Musto P, Albano F. Dysregulation of miRNA in Leukemia: Exploiting miRNA Expression Profiles as Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137156. [PMID: 34281210 PMCID: PMC8269043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that have a crucial role in cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. miRNAs may act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors; therefore, they prevent or promote tumorigenesis, and abnormal expression has been reported in many malignancies. The role of miRNA in leukemia pathogenesis is still emerging, but several studies have suggested using miRNA expression profiles as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy in leukemia. In this review, the role of miRNAs most frequently involved in leukemia pathogenesis is discussed, focusing on the class of circulating miRNAs, consisting of cell-free RNA molecules detected in several body fluids. Circulating miRNAs could represent new potential non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of leukemia that are easy to isolate and characterize. The dysregulation of some miRNAs involved in both myeloid and lymphoid leukemia, such as miR-155, miR-29, let-7, and miR-15a/miR-16-1 clusters is discussed, showing their possible employment as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Anelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (L.A.); (A.Z.); (P.M.)
| | - Antonella Zagaria
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (L.A.); (A.Z.); (P.M.)
| | - Giorgina Specchia
- School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70100 Bari, Italy;
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (L.A.); (A.Z.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (L.A.); (A.Z.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39(0)-80-547-8031; Fax: +39-(0)80-559-3471
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Katsaraki K, Karousi P, Artemaki PI, Scorilas A, Pappa V, Kontos CK, Papageorgiou SG. MicroRNAs: Tiny Regulators of Gene Expression with Pivotal Roles in Normal B-Cell Development and B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040593. [PMID: 33546241 PMCID: PMC7913321 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The involvement of miRNAs in physiological cellular processes has been well documented. The development of B cells, which is dictated by a miRNA-transcription factor regulatory network, suggests a typical process partly orchestrated by miRNAs. Besides their contribution in normal hematopoiesis, miRNAs have been severally reported to be implicated in hematological malignancies, a typical example of which is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Numerous studies have attempted to highlight the regulatory role of miRNAs in B-CLL or establish some of them as molecular biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Thus, a critical review summarizing the current knowledge concerning the multifaceted role of miRNAs in normal B-cell development and B-CLL progression, prognosis, and therapy, is urgent. Moreover, this review aims to highlight important miRNAs in both normal B-cell development and B-CLL and discuss future perspectives concerning their regulatory potential and establishment in clinical practice. Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of small non-coding RNAs bearing regulatory potency. The implication of miRNAs in physiological cellular processes has been well documented so far. A typical process orchestrated by miRNAs is the normal B-cell development. A stage-specific expression pattern of miRNAs has been reported in the developmental procedure, as well as interactions with transcription factors that dictate B-cell development. Besides their involvement in normal hematopoiesis, miRNAs are severally implicated in hematological malignancies, a typical paradigm of which is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). B-CLL is a highly heterogeneous disease characterized by the accumulation of abnormal B cells in blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. Therefore, timely, specific, and sensitive assessment of the malignancy is vital. Several studies have attempted to highlight the remarkable significance of miRNAs as regulators of gene expression, biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, progression, and therapy response prediction, as well as molecules with potential therapeutic utility. This review seeks to outline the linkage between miRNA function in normal and malignant hematopoiesis by demonstrating the main benchmarks of the implication of miRNAs in the regulation of normal B-cell development, and to summarize the key findings about their value as regulators, biomarkers, or therapeutic targets in B-CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Katsaraki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Paraskevi Karousi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Pinelopi I. Artemaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital “Attikon”, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Christos K. Kontos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.K.K.); (S.G.P.); Tel.: +30-210-727-4616 (C.K.K.); +30-210-583-2519 (S.G.P.)
| | - Sotirios G. Papageorgiou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital “Attikon”, 12462 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: (C.K.K.); (S.G.P.); Tel.: +30-210-727-4616 (C.K.K.); +30-210-583-2519 (S.G.P.)
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El‐maadawy EA, Bakry RM, Moussa MM, El‐Naby S, Talaat RM. Alteration in miRNAs expression in paediatric acute lymphocyticleukaemia: Insight into patients' therapeutic response. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eman A. El‐maadawy
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI) University of Sadat City Sadat City Egypt
| | - Rania M. Bakry
- South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University Asyut Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Moussa
- Clinical Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Ain‐Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - SobhyHasab El‐Naby
- Zoology Department Faculty of Science Menoufia University Menoufia Egypt
| | - Roba M. Talaat
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI) University of Sadat City Sadat City Egypt
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Fortunato O, Iorio MV. The Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNAs in Cancer: Illusion or Opportunity? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E438. [PMID: 33271894 PMCID: PMC7761241 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional involvement of microRNAs in human neoplasia has raised in the last years an increasing interest in the scientific community toward the potential application in clinics as therapeutic tools. Indeed, the possibility to modulate their expression to re-establish a lost equilibrium and counteract tumor growth and dissemination, and/or to improve responsiveness to standard therapies, is promising and fascinating. However, several issues need to be taken into account such as factors related to miRNA stability in the blood, tissue penetration and potential off-target effects, which might affect safety, tolerability and efficacy of an miRNA-based therapy. Here we describe the most relevant challenges related to miRNA-based therapy, review the delivery strategies exploited to date and the on-going clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orazio Fortunato
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marilena V. Iorio
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
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13
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Hu Y, Liu H, Fang C, Li C, Xhyliu F, Dysert H, Bodo J, Habermehl G, Russell BE, Li W, Chappell M, Jiang X, Ondrejka SL, Hsi ED, Maciejewski JP, Yi Q, Anderson KC, Munshi NC, Ao G, Valent JN, Lin J, Zhao J. Targeting of CD38 by the Tumor Suppressor miR-26a Serves as a Novel Potential Therapeutic Agent in Multiple Myeloma. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2031-2044. [PMID: 32193289 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is an incurable refractory hematologic malignancy arising from plasma cells in the bone marrow. Here we investigated miR-26a function in multiple myeloma and tested single-wall carbon nanotube delivery of miR-26a in vitro and in vivo. miR-26a was downregulated in patients with multiple myeloma cells compared with plasma cells from healthy donors. miR-26a overexpression inhibited proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cell lines. To identify the targets of miR-26a, RPMI8226-V-miR-26-GFP and RPMI8226-V-GFP cells were cultured using stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) medium, followed by mass spectrometry analysis. In multiple myeloma cells overexpressing miR-26a, CD38 protein was downregulated and subsequently confirmed to be a direct target of miR-26a. Depletion of CD38 in multiple myeloma cells duplicated the multiple myeloma inhibition observed with exogenous expression of miR-26a, whereas restoration of CD38 overcame the inhibition of miR-26a in multiple myeloma cells. In a human multiple myeloma xenograft mouse model, overexpression of miR-26a inhibited CD38 expression, provoked cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation. Daratumumab is the first CD38 antibody drug for monotherapy and combination therapy for patients with multiple myeloma, but eventually resistance develops. In multiple myeloma cells, CD38 remained at low level during daratumumab treatment, but a high-quality response is sustained. In daratumumab-resistant multiple myeloma cells, CD38 expression was completely restored but failed to correlate with daratumumab-induced cell death. Therefore, a therapeutic strategy to confer selection pressure to maintain low CD38 expression in multiple myeloma cells may have clinical benefit. SIGNIFICANCE: These results highlight the tumor suppressor function of miR-26a via its targeting of CD38 and suggest the therapeutic potential of miR-26a in patients with multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Chuanfeng Fang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,College of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Fjorela Xhyliu
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Hayley Dysert
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Juraj Bodo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Gabriel Habermehl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Benjamin E Russell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Marcia Chappell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sarah L Ondrejka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Eric D Hsi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Qing Yi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kenneth C Anderson
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nikhil C Munshi
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Geyou Ao
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jason N Valent
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jianhong Lin
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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14
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Andreani G, Carrà G, Lingua MF, Maffeo B, Brancaccio M, Taulli R, Morotti A. Tumor Suppressors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: From Lost Partners to Active Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030629. [PMID: 32182763 PMCID: PMC7139490 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressors play an important role in cancer pathogenesis and in the modulation of resistance to treatments. Loss of function of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressors, through genomic inactivation of the gene, disable all the controls that balance growth, survival, and apoptosis, promoting cancer transformation. Parallel to genetic impairments, tumor suppressor products may also be functionally inactivated in the absence of mutations/deletions upon post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications. Because restoring tumor suppressor functions remains the most effective and selective approach to induce apoptosis in cancer, the dissection of mechanisms of tumor suppressor inactivation is advisable in order to further augment targeted strategies. This review will summarize the role of tumor suppressors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and attempt to describe how tumor suppressors can represent new hopes in our arsenal against chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Andreani
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (G.A.); (G.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Giovanna Carrà
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (G.A.); (G.C.); (B.M.)
| | | | - Beatrice Maffeo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (G.A.); (G.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Mara Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Taulli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (M.F.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (G.A.); (G.C.); (B.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-9026305
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15
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Integrating microRNA and mRNA expression in rapamycin-treated T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152494. [PMID: 31229277 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has a relatively improved remission rate, but the poor outcomes are primarily due to resistance and relapse. Moreover, organs infiltration trends to occur during remission. Rapamycin was applied to treat malignancies for decades. In this investigation, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms and pathway changes during the T-ALL therapeutic process. T-ALL cell line Molt-4 cells were treated with rapamycin and performed microarray analysis to identify the deregulated miRNAs and mRNAs (log2 fold change>2 or <-2). To obtain regulatory miRNA/mRNA network, miRNA target prediction softwares and Cytoscape were used to plot and modularize the rapamycin treatment-related network. Surprisingly, the enriched pathways were not involved in mediating either cell death or apoptosis but were responsible for angiogenesis, cell survival, and anti-apoptosis, which is consistent with the Gene Ontology analysis and PPI network based on all deregulated mRNAs, indicating that these elements likely play a role in promoting Molt-4 cell survival or escaping from rapamycin. The expression of 3 miRNAs (miR-149-3p, miR-361-3p, and miR-944) and their putative targets, which play central roles in their module, were validated by qRT-PCR. These results provide novel insight into potentially relevant biological pathways for T-ALL cells escaping from chemotherapy or developing central nervous system infiltration.
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16
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Xiong Y, Cao F, Hu L, Yan C, Chen L, Panayi AC, Sun Y, Zhou W, Zhang P, Wu Q, Xue H, Liu M, Liu Y, Liu J, Abududilibaier A, Mi B, Liu G. miRNA-26a-5p Accelerates Healing via Downregulation of PTEN in Fracture Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:223-234. [PMID: 31272072 PMCID: PMC6610686 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Patients who sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) are known to have a significantly quicker fracture healing time than patients with isolated fractures, but the underlying mechanism has yet to be identified. In this study, we found that the upregulation of miRNA-26a-5p induced by TBI correlated with a decrease in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in callus formation. In vitro, overexpressing miRNA-26a-5p inhibited PTEN expression and accelerated osteoblast differentiation, whereas silencing of miRNA-26a-5p inhibited osteoblast activity. Reduction of PTEN facilitated osteoblast differentiation via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Through luciferase assays, we found evidence that PTEN is a miRNA-26a-5p target gene that negatively regulates the differentiation of osteoblasts. Moreover, the present study confirmed that preinjection of agomiR-26a-5p leads to increased bone formation. Collectively, these results indicate that miRNA-26a-5p overexpression may be a key factor governing the improved fracture healing observed in TBI patients after the downregulation of PTEN and PI3K/AKT signaling. Upregulation of miRNA-26a-5p may therefore be a promising therapeutic strategy for promoting fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Faqi Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liangcong Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chenchen Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Adriana C Panayi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Qipeng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Pu'ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hang Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mengfei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Abudula Abududilibaier
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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17
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Xu YY, Song YQ, Huang ZM, Zhang HB, Chen M. MicroRNA-26a inhibits multiple myeloma cell growth by suppressing cyclin-dependent kinase 6 expression. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 35:277-283. [PMID: 30897301 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-26a (miR-26a) has been reported to be involved in the tumorigenesis of several tumors, but its biological function and molecular mechanism in multiple myeloma (MM) are still unknown. In this study, we found that overexpression of miR-26a obviously inhibited MM cell growth, and delayed tumor growth in xenografts. Further studies showed that overexpression of miR-26a induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in MM cells. MiR-26a mimic down-regulated the expression levels of CDK6 and E2F1, but up-regulated p53 and p21 expression. In contrast, overexpression of CDK6 decreased the effect of miR-26a mimic on MM cell survival. Moreover, miR-26a targeted CDK6 mRNA and thus suppressed CDK6 protein expression. Overexpression of miR-26a also enhanced the cytotoxic action of doxorubicin against MM. These results demonstrated that miR-26a was involved in the development of MM through regulating CDK6 signaling pathway, and indicated that miR-26a could be as a novel target for anti-tumor therapy in clinic as a single strategy or in combination with other anti-tumor drugs in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Huai'an NO. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Qi Song
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Huai'an NO. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi-Ming Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Van Roosbroeck K, Bayraktar R, Calin S, Bloehdorn J, Dragomir MP, Okubo K, Bertilaccio MTS, Zupo S, You MJ, Gaidano G, Rossi D, Chen SS, Chiorazzi N, Thompson PA, Ferrajoli A, Bertoni F, Stilgenbauer S, Keating MJ, Calin GA. The involvement of microRNA in the pathogenesis of Richter syndrome. Haematologica 2018; 104:1004-1015. [PMID: 30409799 PMCID: PMC6518906 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.203828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Richter syndrome is the name given to the transformation of the most frequent type of leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, into an aggressive lymphoma. Patients with Richter syndrome have limited response to therapies and dismal survival. The underlying mechanisms of transformation are insufficiently understood and there is a major lack of knowledge regarding the roles of microRNA that have already proven to be causative for most cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Here, by using four types of genomic platforms and independent sets of patients from three institutions, we identified microRNA involved in the transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia to Richter syndrome. The expression signature is composed of miR-21, miR-150, miR-146b and miR-181b, with confirmed targets significantly enriched in pathways involved in cancer, immunity and inflammation. In addition, we demonstrated that genomic alterations may account for microRNA deregulation in a subset of cases of Richter syndrome. Furthermore, network analysis showed that Richter transformation leads to a complete rearrangement, resulting in a highly connected microRNA network. Functionally, ectopic overexpression of miR-21 increased proliferation of malignant B cells in multiple assays, while miR-150 and miR-26a were downregulated in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia xenogeneic mouse transplantation model. Together, our results suggest that Richter transformation is associated with significant expression and genomic loci alterations of microRNA involved in both malignancy and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Van Roosbroeck
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address - Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Recep Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steliana Calin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Mihnea Paul Dragomir
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Keishi Okubo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Simonetta Zupo
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Pathology Department, IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - M James You
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gianluca Gaidano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Rossi
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Shih-Shih Chen
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Chiorazzi
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Philip A Thompson
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alessandra Ferrajoli
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael J Keating
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA .,Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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19
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Gutiérrez-Lovera C, Vázquez-Ríos AJ, Guerra-Varela J, Sánchez L, de la Fuente M. The Potential of Zebrafish as a Model Organism for Improving the Translation of Genetic Anticancer Nanomedicines. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E349. [PMID: 29182542 PMCID: PMC5748667 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the field of nanomedicine applied to cancer has revolutionized cancer treatment: several nanoformulations have already reached the market and are routinely being used in the clinical practice. In the case of genetic nanomedicines, i.e., designed to deliver gene therapies to cancer cells for therapeutic purposes, advances have been less impressive. This is because of the many barriers that limit the access of the therapeutic nucleic acids to their target site, and the lack of models that would allow for an improvement in the understanding of how nanocarriers can be tailored to overcome them. Zebrafish has important advantages as a model species for the study of anticancer therapies, and have a lot to offer regarding the rational development of efficient delivery of genetic nanomedicines, and hence increasing the chances of their successful translation. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent advances in the development of genetic anticancer nanomedicines, and of the zebrafish models that stand as promising tools to shed light on their mechanisms of action and overall potential in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gutiérrez-Lovera
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology Department Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Spain.
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - A J Vázquez-Ríos
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - J Guerra-Varela
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology Department Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Spain.
- Geneaqua S.L., Lugo 27002, Spain.
| | - L Sánchez
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology Department Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Spain.
| | - M de la Fuente
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
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