1
|
Zhang X, Jiang P, Wang C. The role of prostate-specific antigen in the osteoblastic bone metastasis of prostate cancer: a literature review. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1127637. [PMID: 37746292 PMCID: PMC10513387 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1127637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the only human malignancy that generates predominantly osteoblastic bone metastases, and osteoblastic bone metastases account for more than 90% of osseous metastases of prostate cancer. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) plays an important role in the osteoblastic bone metastasis of prostate cancer, which can promote osteomimicry of prostate cancer cells, suppress osteoclast differentiation, and facilitate osteoblast proliferation and activation at metastatic sites. In the meantime, it can activate osteogenic factors, including insulin-like growth factor, transforming growth factor β2 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator, and meanwhile suppress osteolytic factors such as parathyroid hormone-related protein. To recapitulate, PSA plays a significant role in the osteoblastic predominance of prostate cancer bone metastasis and bone remodeling by regulating multiple cells and factors involved in osseous metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chaojun Wang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Antognelli C, Marinucci L, Frosini R, Macchioni L, Talesa VN. Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cells Secrete Methylglyoxal-Derived MG-H1 to Reprogram Human Osteoblasts into a Dedifferentiated, Malignant-like Phenotype: A Possible Novel Player in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910191. [PMID: 34638532 PMCID: PMC8508123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases from prostate cancer (PCa) result from a complex cross-talk between PCa cells and osteoblasts (OB). Thus, targeting this interplay has become an attractive strategy to interfere with PCa bone dissemination. The agents currently used in clinical trials have proved ineffective, boosting research to identify additional mechanisms that may be involved in this two-directional talk. Here, we investigated whether and how 5-hydro-5-methylimidazolone (MG-H1), a specific methylglyoxal (MG)-derived advanced glycation end product (AGE), was a novel player in the dialogue between PCa and OB to drive PCa bone metastases. Conditioned medium from osteotropic PC3 PCa cells, pre-treated or not with a specific MG scavenger, was administrated to human primary OB and cell morphology, mesenchymal trans-differentiation, pro-osteogenic determinants, PCa-specific molecules, and migration/invasion were studied by phase-contrast microscopy, real-time PCR, western blot and specific assays, respectively. We found that PC3 cells were able to release MG-H1 that, by binding to the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) on OB, reprogrammed them into a less-differentiate phenotype, endowed with some PCa-specific molecular features and malignant properties, in a mechanism involving reactive oxidative species (ROS) production and NF-kB pathway activation. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of PCa osteoblastic metastases and foster in vivo research toward new therapeutic strategies interfering with PCa/OB cross-talk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Antognelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Bioscience and Medical Embryology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (R.F.); (V.N.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-8354
| | - Lorella Marinucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Bioscience and Medical Embryology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (R.F.); (V.N.T.)
| | - Roberta Frosini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Bioscience and Medical Embryology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (R.F.); (V.N.T.)
| | - Lara Macchioni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Nicola Talesa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Bioscience and Medical Embryology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (R.F.); (V.N.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pellegrino F, Coghi A, Lavorgna G, Cazzaniga W, Guazzoni E, Locatelli I, Villa I, Bolamperti S, Finocchio N, Alfano M, Lucianò R, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Salonia A, Cavarretta I. A mechanistic insight into the anti-metastatic role of the prostate specific antigen. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101211. [PMID: 34455373 PMCID: PMC8403584 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate specific antigen is the standard circulating biomarker for prostate cancer. We provide novel evidence that collagen 1 is an additional substrate for PSA. PSA hampers first steps of cancer invasion. Tissue-related PSA content/activity is inversely correlated to tumor progression. Tissue-related PSA levels improve prediction of prostate cancer specific mortality.
Aim Since its discovery Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), also referred to as kallikrein-3 (KLK3), has been used as standard circulating biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa). However, its specificity remains not adequate and its mechanism of action still elusive. Therefore, deciphering PSA role throughout PCa-pathobiology would be relevant in improving both cancer diagnosis and outcome prediction. We investigated the possible role played by PSA on/in the tumor microenvironment and over the first steps of cancer invasion. Methods Fresh PCa-specimens and cell lines were used for ex-vivo/in-vitro invasion assays and assessment of prostate tissue-PSA (tPSA), type 1 collagen (COL1A1) and ß1-integrin expression. Tissue Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Decipher® datasets were considered to estimate tPSA clinical relevance. Results A more precise, inverse, correspondence between tPSA and clinical/pathological parameters was found than for circulating PSA. KLK3 combined with Gleason grade and pathologic stage, better predicted cancer-related mortality. Consistently, we demonstrated that PSA inhibits prostate extracellular-matrix (ECM) invasion by PCa cells. As for the mechanism of action, we provided novel information that PSA is able to cleave COL1A1, a main component of the ECM. Finally, ß1-integrin, a crucial COL1A1 transducing-receptor involved in tumor adhesion/invasion, resulted to be downregulated in PCa specimens with higher levels of tPSA. Conclusions By interfering with type 1 collagen and its downstream targets, PSA may hamper adhesion and path of the cancer cells through ECM and their migration ability, thus explaining the inverse correlation highlighted between prostate tPSA levels and clinically significant disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pellegrino
- Department of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Arianna Coghi
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lavorgna
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Walter Cazzaniga
- Department of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Guazzoni
- Operative Unit of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Clinical-Surgical Sciences, Diagnostics and Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Irene Locatelli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Isabella Villa
- Bone Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Bolamperti
- Bone Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Finocchio
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Massimo Alfano
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Briganti
- Department of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Department of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Department of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cavarretta
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan 20132, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nakayama A, Ide H, Lu Y, Takei A, Fukuda K, Osaka A, Arai G, Horie S, Okada H, Saito K. Effects of Curcumin Combined With the 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitor Dutasteride on LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells. In Vivo 2021; 35:1443-1450. [PMID: 33910821 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Curcumin is a natural compound of turmeric, which inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation. This study examined whether treatment of LNCaP prostate cancer cells with the combination of curcumin and dutasteride, a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, affect proliferation and the amount of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. MATERIALS AND METHODS LNCaP Cells were incubated with curcumin or the combination of curcumin and dutasteride and cell proliferation was measured at 72 h. LC-MS/MS was used to determine testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in prostate cancer cells. RESULTS Curcumin combined with dutasteride suppressed proliferation and affected apoptosis of LNCaP cells. The combination of curcumin and dutasteride also reduced the amount of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in LNCaP cells. The secretion of prostate-specific antigen was inhibited by the combination treatment in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Treatment with the combination of curcumin and dutasteride may interfere with the intra-tumoral androgen activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Nakayama
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Ide
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan;
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayano Takei
- Collaborative Research Center, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazunori Fukuda
- Collaborative Research Center, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Osaka
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Gaku Arai
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigeo Horie
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Saito
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lovell S, Zhang L, Kryza T, Neodo A, Bock N, De Vita E, Williams ED, Engelsberger E, Xu C, Bakker AT, Maneiro M, Tanaka RJ, Bevan CL, Clements JA, Tate EW. A Suite of Activity-Based Probes To Dissect the KLK Activome in Drug-Resistant Prostate Cancer. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8911-8924. [PMID: 34085829 PMCID: PMC9282638 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Kallikrein-related
peptidases (KLKs) are a family of secreted serine
proteases, which form a network (the KLK activome) with an important
role in proteolysis and signaling. In prostate cancer (PCa), increased
KLK activity promotes tumor growth and metastasis through multiple
biochemical pathways, and specific quantification and tracking of
changes in the KLK activome could contribute to validation of KLKs
as potential drug targets. Herein we report a technology platform
based on novel activity-based probes (ABPs) and inhibitors enabling
simultaneous orthogonal analysis of KLK2, KLK3, and KLK14 activity
in hormone-responsive PCa cell lines and tumor homogenates. Importantly,
we identifed a significant decoupling of KLK activity and abundance
and suggest that KLK proteolysis should be considered as an additional
parameter, along with the PSA blood test, for accurate PCa diagnosis
and monitoring. Using selective inhibitors and multiplexed fluorescent
activity-based protein profiling (ABPP), we dissect the KLK activome
in PCa cells and show that increased KLK14 activity leads to a migratory
phenotype. Furthermore, using biotinylated ABPs, we show that active
KLK molecules are secreted into the bone microenvironment by PCa cells
following stimulation by osteoblasts suggesting KLK-mediated signaling
mechanisms could contribute to PCa metastasis to bone. Together our
findings show that ABPP is a powerful approach to dissect dysregulation
of the KLK activome as a promising and previously underappreciated
therapeutic target in advanced PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Lovell
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Leran Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.,Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Anna Neodo
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Nathalie Bock
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Elena De Vita
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Elizabeth D Williams
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Engelsberger
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Congyi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Alexander T Bakker
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Maria Maneiro
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Reiko J Tanaka
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Charlotte L Bevan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, U.K
| | - Judith A Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland (APCRC-Q), Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Edward W Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K.,The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moradi A, Srinivasan S, Clements J, Batra J. Beyond the biomarker role: prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the prostate cancer microenvironment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 38:333-346. [PMID: 31659564 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09815-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test is the accepted biomarker of tumor recurrence. PSA levels in serum correlate with disease progression, though its diagnostic accuracy is questionable. As a result, significant progress has been made in developing modified PSA tests such as PSA velocity, PSA density, 4Kscore, PSA glycoprofiling, Prostate Health Index, and the STHLM3 test. PSA, a serine protease, is secreted from the epithelial cells of the prostate. PSA has been suggested as a molecular target for prostate cancer therapy due to the fact that it is not only active in prostate tissue but also has a pivotal role on prostate cancer signaling pathways including proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, immune response, and tumor microenvironment regulation. Here, we summarize the current standing of PSA in prostate cancer progression as well as its utility in prostate cancer therapeutic approaches with an emphasis on the role of PSA in the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Moradi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Srilakshmi Srinivasan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith Clements
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. .,Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Mode-of-Action of Targeted Alpha Therapy Radium-223 as an Enabler for Novel Combinations to Treat Patients with Bone Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163899. [PMID: 31405099 PMCID: PMC6720648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis is a common clinical complication in several cancer types, and it causes a severe reduction in quality of life as well as lowering survival time. Bone metastases proceed through a vicious self-reinforcing cycle that can be osteolytic or osteoblastic in nature. The vicious cycle is characterized by cancer cells residing in bone releasing signal molecules that promote the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts either directly or indirectly. The increased activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts then increases bone turnover, which releases growth factors that benefit metastatic cancer cells. In order to improve the prognosis of patients with bone metastases this cycle must be broken. Radium-223 dichloride (radium-223), the first targeted alpha therapy (TAT) approved, is an osteomimetic radionuclide that is incorporated into bone metastases where its high-linear energy transfer alpha radiation disrupts both the activity of bone cells and cancer cells. Therefore, radium-223 treatment has been shown preclinically to directly affect cancer cells in both osteolytic breast cancer and osteoblastic prostate cancer bone metastases as well as to inhibit the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Clinical studies have demonstrated an increase in survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Due to the effectiveness and low toxicity of radium-223, several novel combination treatment strategies are currently eliciting considerable research interest.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tsui KH, Chang YL, Feng TH, Hou CP, Lin YH, Yang PS, Lee BW, Juang HH. Capillarisin blocks prostate-specific antigen expression on activation of androgen receptor in prostate carcinoma cells. Prostate 2018; 78:242-249. [PMID: 29164633 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capillarisin (Cap), an active ingredient of Artemisia capillaris extracts, has known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Functions of Cap in prostate cancer are not clear. We investigate effects of Cap on downregulation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) via modulation of androgen receptor (AR) in prostate carcinoma cells. METHODS Cell proliferation was measured by water-soluble tetrazolium-1 (WST-1) cell proliferation assays. The PSA and AR expressions were assessed by immunoblotting and RT-qPCR assays. Effects of Cap on PSA expressions were determined by ELISA, immunoblotting, and reporter assays. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting assays were used to define the effects of Cap on dissociation of AR-heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) interaction. RESULTS Cap inhibited LNCaP cell growth in a dose- and/or time-dependent way without inducing poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Cap not only effectively suppressed AR and PSA protein expressions, but also attenuated activations of synthetic androgen (R1881) on PSA promoter activity dose- and time-dependently. The Cap pretreatment abrogated effects of R1881 on AR activity by reducing AR translocation to the nucleus. Immunoblotting assays indicated that Cap promoted a degradation of AR proteins dose-dependently in either cycloheximide pretreated-LNCaP cells or AR-ectopic expressed PC-3 cells. Pretreatment of MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, attenuated effect of Cap on AR degradation. Cap lessened AR stability by dissociation of AR-Hsp90 interaction. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that Cap inhibited growth of LNCaP cells. Cap effectively suppressed androgen activation on AR-mediated transactivation, which is AR-dependent through AR degradation and dissociation of AR-Hsp90 in prostate carcinoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Hung Tsui
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ling Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Hsia Feng
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Pang Hou
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Yang
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Wei Lee
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim H, Choi SM, Park S. GSEH: A Novel Approach to Select Prostate Cancer-Associated Genes Using Gene Expression Heterogeneity. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2018; 15:129-146. [PMID: 27775535 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2016.2618927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
When a gene shows varying levels of expression among normal people but similar levels in disease patients or shows similar levels of expression among normal people but different levels in disease patients, we can assume that the gene is associated with the disease. By utilizing this gene expression heterogeneity, we can obtain additional information that abets discovery of disease-associated genes. In this study, we used collaborative filtering to calculate the degree of gene expression heterogeneity between classes and then scored the genes on the basis of the degree of gene expression heterogeneity to find "differentially predicted" genes. Through the proposed method, we discovered more prostate cancer-associated genes than 10 comparable methods. The genes prioritized by the proposed method are potentially significant to biological processes of a disease and can provide insight into them.
Collapse
|
10
|
Parnsubsakul A, Safitri RE, Rijiravanich P, Surareungchai W. Electrochemical assay of proteolytically active prostate specific antigen based on anodic stripping voltammetry of silver enhanced gold nanoparticle labels. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
11
|
Global and Targeted Proteomics of Prostate Cancer Cell Secretome: Combination of 2-Dimensional Image-Converted Analysis of Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry and In Silico Selection Selected Reaction Monitoring Analysis. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:3440-3452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
12
|
Filippou PS, Karagiannis GS, Musrap N, Diamandis EP. Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) and the hallmarks of cancer. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2016; 53:277-91. [PMID: 26886390 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2016.1154643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) represent the largest family of serine proteases within the human genome and are expressed in various tissues. Although they regulate several important physiological functions, KLKs have also been implicated in numerous pathophysiological processes, including cancer. Growing evidence describing the deregulation of KLK expression and secretion, as well as activation in various malignancies, has uncovered their potential as mediators of cancer progression, biomarkers of disease and as candidate therapeutic targets. The diversity of signalling pathways and proteolytic cascades involving KLKs and their downstream targets appears to affect cancer biology through multiple mechanisms, including those related to the hallmarks of cancer. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the importance of KLK-driven molecular pathways in relation to cancer cell traits associated with the hallmarks of cancer and to highlight their potential in personalized therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota S Filippou
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - George S Karagiannis
- b Department of Anatomy & Structural Biology , Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University Bronx , New York , NY , USA
| | - Natasha Musrap
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON , Canada .,c Department of Clinical Biochemistry , University Health Network , Toronto , ON , Canada , and.,d Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cysteine-rich secretory protein 3 plays a role in prostate cancer cell invasion and affects expression of PSA and ANXA1. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 411:11-21. [PMID: 26369530 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine-rich secretory protein 3 (CRISP-3) is upregulated in prostate cancer as compared to the normal prostate tissue. Higher expression of CRISP-3 has been linked to poor prognosis and hence it has been thought to act as a prognostic marker for prostate cancer. It is proposed to have a role in innate immunity but its role in prostate cancer is still unknown. In order to understand its function, its expression was stably knocked down in LNCaP cells. CRISP-3 knockdown did not affect cell viability but resulted in reduced invasiveness. Global gene expression changes upon CRISP-3 knockdown were identified by microarray analysis. Microarray data were quantitatively validated by evaluating the expression of seven candidate genes in three independent stable clones. Functional annotation of the differentially expressed genes identified cell adhesion, cell motility, and ion transport to be affected among other biological processes. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA, also known as Kallikrein 3) was the top most downregulated gene whose expression was also validated at protein level. Interestingly, expression of Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a known anti-inflammatory protein, was upregulated upon CRISP-3 knockdown. Re-introduction of CRISP-3 into the knockdown clone reversed the effect on invasiveness and also led to increased PSA expression. These results suggest that overexpression of CRISP-3 in prostate tumor may maintain higher PSA expression and lower ANXA1 expression. Our data also indicate that poor prognosis associated with higher CRISP-3 expression could be due to its role in cell invasion.
Collapse
|
14
|
Cancer and bone: A complex complex. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 561:159-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
15
|
Kleinmann N, Duivenvoorden WCM, Hopmans SN, Beatty LK, Qiao S, Gallino D, Lhotak S, Daya D, Paschos A, Austin RC, Pinthus JH. Underactivation of the adiponectin-adiponectin receptor 1 axis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: implications for progression. Clin Exp Metastasis 2013; 31:169-83. [PMID: 24096711 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-013-9618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Energy-sensing pathways, normally coordinated by 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), are dysregulated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Obesity can accentuate the pre-existing pro-tumorigenic metabolic machinery in RCC cells through its associated obesogenic hormonal milieu, characterized by lower circulating levels of adiponectin. In RCC patients, low adiponectin levels associate clinically with more aggressive disease. We investigated the adiponectin signaling pathway in RCC, focusing on adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and associated activation of AMPK. AdipoR1 protein in RCC and normal surrounding renal tissues was determined by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Anti-tumorigenic effects of adiponectin in RCC cells in vitro were investigated via VEGF and MMP ELISA and invasion assays. Using in vivo models of RCC, the effect of AdipoR1-knockdown (shRNA) on tumor latency, growth and dissemination were determined. AdipoR1 protein was significantly reduced in clear cell RCC specimens. Adiponectin treatment inhibited VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion and activity and invasive and migratory capacities of RCC cells. AMPKα1-knockdown (shRNA) attenuated adiponectin's effects. In cells stably expressing AdipoR1-specific shRNA, AMPK activation by adiponectin was significantly reduced compared to cells expressing control shRNA. In vivo, AdipoR1 knockdown increased the growth, dissemination and angiogenesis of RCC. These findings suggest that deficiencies in the entire adiponectin hormonal axis (the hormone and its receptor) result in underactivation of AMPK leading to increased angiogenic and invasive capacities of RCC. The established link between obesity and RCC can therefore be further explained by the adiponectin deficiency in obese individuals together with reduced AdipoR1 protein in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nir Kleinmann
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fonseca-Sanchéz MA, Pérez-Plasencia C, Fernández-Retana J, Arechaga-Ocampo E, Marchat LA, Rodríguez-Cuevas S, Bautista-Piña V, Arellano-Anaya ZE, Flores-Pérez A, Diaz-Chávez J, López-Camarillo C. microRNA-18b is upregulated in breast cancer and modulates genes involved in cell migration. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:2399-410. [PMID: 23970382 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs of ~22 nucleotides that function at post-transcriptional level as negative regulators of gene expression. Aberrant expression of microRNAs could promote uncontrolled proliferation, migration and invasion of human cancer cells. In this study, we analyzed the expression of microRNA-18b (miR-18b) in breast cancer cell lines and in a set of clinical specimens. Our results showed that miR-18b was upregulated in four out of five breast cancer cell lines and also in breast tumors. In order to identify potential gene targets, we carried out transcriptional profiling of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells that ectopically expressed miR-18b. Our results showed that 263 genes were significantly modulated in miR-18b-deficient cells (fold change >1.5; P≤0.05). We found that knock-down of miR-18b induced the upregulation of 55 olfactory receptor (OR) genes and nine genes (NLRP7, KLK3, OLFM3, POSTN, MAGED4B, KIR3DL3, CRX, SEMG1 and CEACAM5) with key roles in cell migration and metastasis. Consistently, we found that ectopic inhibition of miR-18b suppressed the migration of two breast cancer cell models in vitro. In conclusion, we have uncovered genes directly or indirectly modulated by miR-18b which may represent potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer. Our data also pointed out a role of miR-18b in migration of breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Fonseca-Sanchéz
- Oncogenomics and Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, Genomics Sciences Program, Autonomous University of Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Altuwaijri S. Role of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) in Pathogenesis of Prostate Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/jct.2012.34043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|