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Du Y, Xu XX, Yu SX, Wang YR, Liu Y, Liu F, Liu W, Li XL, Luo H, Jing G, Liu YJ. Dynamics of endothelial cells migration in nature-mimicking blood vessels. Talanta 2024; 277:126415. [PMID: 38878513 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) migration is a crucial early step in vascular repair and tissue neovascularization. While extensive research has elucidated the biochemical drivers of endothelial motility, the impact of biophysical cues, including vessel geometry and topography, remains unclear. Herein, we present a novel approach to reconstruct 3D self-assembly blood vessels-on-a-chip that accurately replicates real vessel geometry and topography, surpassing conventional 2D flat tube formation models. This vessels-on-a-chip system enables real-time monitoring of vasculogenesis and ECs migration at high spatiotemporal resolution. Our findings reveal that ECs exhibit increased migration speed and directionality in response to narrower vessel geometries, transitioning from a rounded to a polarized morphology. These observations underscore the critical influence of vessel size in regulating ECs migration and morphology. Overall, our study highlights the importance of biophysical factors in shaping ECs behavior, emphasizing the need to consider such factors in future studies of endothelial function and vessel biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin-Xin Xu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Sai-Xi Yu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Ran Wang
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Li
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Luo
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Guangyin Jing
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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2
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Snyder Y, Jana S. Innovative Substrate Design with Basement Membrane Components for Enhanced Endothelial Cell Function and Endothelization. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401150. [PMID: 39021293 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing endothelial cell growth on small-diameter vascular grafts produced from decellularized tissues or synthetic substrates is pivotal for preventing thrombosis. While optimized decellularization protocols can preserve the structure and many components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the process can still lead to the loss of crucial basement membrane proteins, such as laminin, collagen IV, and perlecan, which are pivotal for endothelial cell adherence and functional growth. This loss can result in poor endothelialization and endothelial cell activation causing thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia. To address this, the basement membrane's ECM is emulated on fiber substrates, providing a more physiological environment for endothelial cells. Thus, fibroblasts are cultured on fiber substrates to produce an ECM membrane substrate (EMMS) with basement membrane proteins. The EMMS then underwent antigen removal (AR) treatment to eliminate antigens from the membrane while preserving essential proteins and producing an AR-treated membrane substrate (AMS). Subsequently, human endothelial cells cultured on the AMS exhibited superior proliferation, nitric oxide production, and increased expression of endothelial markers of quiescence/homeostasis, along with autophagy and antithrombotic factors, compared to those on the decellularized aortic tissue. This strategy showed the potential of pre-endowing fiber substrates with a basement membrane to enable better endothelization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Snyder
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Soumen Jana
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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3
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Snyder Y, Jana S. Influence of Substrate Structure and Associated Properties on Endothelial Cell Behavior in the Context of Behaviors Associated with Laminar Flow Conditions. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4664-4678. [PMID: 38939951 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
In order to treat most vascular diseases, arterial grafts are commonly employed for replacing small-diameter vessels, yet they often cause thrombosis. The growth of endothelial cells along the interior surfaces of these grafts (substrates) is critical to mitigate thrombosis. Typically, endothelial cells are cultured inside these grafts under laminar flow conditions to emulate the native environment of blood vessels and produce an endothelium. Alternatively, the substrate structure could have a similar influence on endothelial cell behavior as laminar flow conditions. In this study, we investigated whether substrates with aligned fiber structures could induce responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) akin to those elicited by laminar flow. Our observations revealed that HUVECs on aligned substrates displayed significant morphological changes, aligning parallel to the fibers, similar to effects reported under laminar flow conditions. Conversely, HUVECs on random substrates maintained their characteristic cobblestone appearance. Notably, cell migration was more significant on aligned substrates. Also, we observed that while vWF expression was similar between both substrates, the HUVECs on aligned substrates showed more expression of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31), laminin, and collagen IV. Additionally, these cells exhibited increased gene expression related to critical functions such as proliferation, extracellular matrix production, cytoskeletal reorganization, autophagy, and antithrombotic activity. These findings indicated that aligned substrates enhanced endothelial growth and behavior compared to random substrates. These improvements are similar to the beneficial effects of laminar flow on endothelial cells, which are well-documented compared to static or turbulent flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Snyder
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Soumen Jana
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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4
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Shah FH, Lee HW. Endothelial and macrophage interactions in the angiogenic niche. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024:S1359-6101(24)00048-0. [PMID: 39019663 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The interactions between vascular cells, especially endothelial cells, and macrophages play a pivotal role in maintaining the subtle balance of vascular biology, which is crucial for angiogenesis in both healthy and diseased states. These cells are central to ensuring a harmonious balance between tissue repair and preventing excessive angiogenic activity, which could lead to pathological conditions. Recent advances in sophisticated genetic engineering vivo models and novel sequencing approaches, such as single-cell RNA-sequencing, in immunobiology have significantly enhanced our understanding of the gene expression and behavior of macrophages. These insights offer new perspectives on the role macrophages play not only in development but also across various health conditions. In this review, we explore the complex interactions between multiple types of macrophages and endothelium, focusing on their impact on new blood vessel formation. By understanding these intricate interactions, we aim to provide insights into new methods for managing angiogenesis in various diseases, thereby offering hope for the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Hassan Shah
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Pan X, Li X, Dong L, Liu T, Zhang M, Zhang L, Zhang X, Huang L, Shi W, Sun H, Fang Z, Sun J, Huang Y, Shao H, Wang Y, Yin M. Tumour vasculature at single-cell resolution. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07698-1. [PMID: 38987599 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Tumours can obtain nutrients and oxygen required to progress and metastasize through the blood supply1. Inducing angiogenesis involves the sprouting of established vessel beds and their maturation into an organized network2,3. Here we generate a comprehensive atlas of tumour vasculature at single-cell resolution, encompassing approximately 200,000 cells from 372 donors representing 31 cancer types. Trajectory inference suggested that tumour angiogenesis was initiated from venous endothelial cells and extended towards arterial endothelial cells. As neovascularization elongates (through angiogenic stages SI, SII and SIII), APLN+ tip cells at the SI stage (APLN+ TipSI) advanced to TipSIII cells with increased Notch signalling. Meanwhile, stalk cells, following tip cells, transitioned from high chemokine expression to elevated TEK (also known as Tie2) expression. Moreover, APLN+ TipSI cells not only were associated with disease progression and poor prognosis but also hold promise for predicting response to anti-VEGF therapy. Lymphatic endothelial cells demonstrated two distinct differentiation lineages: one responsible for lymphangiogenesis and the other involved in antigen presentation. In pericytes, endoplasmic reticulum stress was associated with the proangiogenic BASP1+ matrix-producing pericytes. Furthermore, intercellular communication analysis showed that neovascular endothelial cells could shape an immunosuppressive microenvironment conducive to angiogenesis. This study depicts the complexity of tumour vasculature and has potential clinical significance for anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Pan
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Teng Liu
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingjuan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wensheng Shi
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyin Sun
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Fang
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaoxuan Huang
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Shao
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yeqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China.
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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6
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Greco G, Agafonova A, Cosentino A, Cardullo N, Muccilli V, Puglia C, Anfuso CD, Sarpietro MG, Lupo G. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Encapsulating a Benzoxanthene Derivative in a Model of the Human Blood-Brain Barrier: Modulation of Angiogenic Parameters and Inflammation in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Stimulated Angiogenesis. Molecules 2024; 29:3103. [PMID: 38999055 PMCID: PMC11243179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lignans, a class of secondary metabolites found in plants, along with their derivatives, exhibit diverse pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic ones. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is a crucial process for cancer growth and development. Several studies have elucidated the synergistic relationship between angiogenesis and inflammation in various inflammatory diseases, highlighting a correlation between inflammation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis. Thus, the identification of novel molecules capable of modulating VEGF effects presents promising prospects for developing therapies aimed at stabilizing, reversing, or even arresting disease progression. Lignans often suffer from low aqueous solubility and, for their use, encapsulation in a delivery system is needed. In this research, a bioinspired benzoxantene has been encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles that have been characterized for their pharmacotechnical properties and their thermotropic behavior. The effects of these encapsulated nanoparticles on angiogenic parameters and inflammation in VEGF-induced angiogenesis were evaluated using human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) as a human blood-brain barrier model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Greco
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Agafonova
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessia Cosentino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Cardullo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vera Muccilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo Puglia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Sarpietro
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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7
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Cammalleri M, Filippi L, Dal Monte M, Bagnoli P. A promising case of preclinical-clinical translation: β-adrenoceptor blockade from the oxygen-induced retinopathy model to retinopathy of prematurity. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1408605. [PMID: 38938747 PMCID: PMC11208707 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1408605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Although compartmentalization of the eye seems to promote its experimental manipulation, drug penetration to its posterior part is severely limited by hard barriers thus hindering drug development for eye diseases. In particular, angiogenesis-related retinal diseases share common mechanisms and are responsible for the majority of cases of blindness. Their prevalence is globally increasing mostly because of the increased incidence of systemic pathologies in the adult. Despite the number of preclinical findings demonstrating the efficacy of novel treatments, therapy of retinal neovascular diseases still remains confined to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments with some extension to anti-inflammatory therapy. In the mare magnum of preclinical findings aimed to develop novel avenues for future therapies, most compounds, despite their efficacy in experimental models, do not seem to meet the criteria for their therapeutic application. In particular, the groove between preclinical findings and their clinical application increases instead of decreasing and the attempt to bridging the gap between them creates intense frustration and a sense of defeat. In this complex scenario, we will discuss here the role that overactivation of the sympathetic system plays in retinal vessel proliferation in response to hypoxia using the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model. The potential application of the beta-adrenoceptor (β-AR) blockade with propranolol to the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity will be also discussed in light of preclinical findings in the OIR model and clinical trials using propranolol in preterm infants either per os or as eye drops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Filippi
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Paola Bagnoli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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8
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Lin YH, Chen TM, Tsai YL, Tsai WC, Wang HH, Chen Y, Wu ST. The Reduction of PSMB4 in T24 and J82 Bladder Cancer Cells Inhibits the Angiogenesis and Migration of Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5559. [PMID: 38791597 PMCID: PMC11122396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor of the urinary system with high mortality and recurrence rates. Proteasome subunit type 4 (PSMB4) is highly expressed and has been identified as having oncogenic properties in a variety of cancer types. This study aimed to explore the effect of PSMB4 knockdown on the survival, migration, and angiogenesis of human bladder cancer cells with different degrees of malignancy. We analyzed the effects of PSMB4 knockdown in bladder cancer cells and endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment. PSMB4 was highly expressed in patients with low- and high-grade urothelial carcinoma. Inhibition of PSMB4 reduced protein expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and myosin light chain (MLC), leading to reduced migration. Furthermore, the suppression of PSMB4 decreased the levels of vascular endothelial factor B (VEGF-B), resulting in lower angiogenic abilities in human bladder cancer cells. PSMB4 inhibition affected the migratory ability of HUVECs and reduced VEGFR2 expression, consequently downregulating angiogenesis. In the metastatic animal model, PSMB4 knockdown reduced the relative volumes of lung tumors. Our findings suggest the role of PSMB4 as a potential target for therapeutic strategies against human bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (T.-M.C.)
| | - Tzu-Min Chen
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (T.-M.C.)
| | - Yu-Ling Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-L.T.); (W.-C.T.)
| | - Wen-Chiuan Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-L.T.); (W.-C.T.)
| | - Hisao-Hsien Wang
- Department of Urology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (T.-M.C.)
| | - Sheng-Tang Wu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
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9
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Bougaran P, Bautch VL. Life at the crossroads: the nuclear LINC complex and vascular mechanotransduction. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1411995. [PMID: 38831796 PMCID: PMC11144885 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1411995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells line the inner surface of all blood vessels, where they are exposed to polarized mechanical forces throughout their lifespan. Both basal substrate interactions and apical blood flow-induced shear stress regulate blood vessel development, remodeling, and maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Disruption of these interactions leads to dysfunction and vascular pathologies, although how forces are sensed and integrated to affect endothelial cell behaviors is incompletely understood. Recently the endothelial cell nucleus has emerged as a prominent force-transducing organelle that participates in vascular mechanotransduction, via communication to and from cell-cell and cell-matrix junctions. The LINC complex, composed of SUN and nesprin proteins, spans the nuclear membranes and connects the nuclear lamina, the nuclear envelope, and the cytoskeleton. Here we review LINC complex involvement in endothelial cell mechanotransduction, describe unique and overlapping functions of each LINC complex component, and consider emerging evidence that two major SUN proteins, SUN1 and SUN2, orchestrate a complex interplay that extends outward to cell-cell and cell-matrix junctions and inward to interactions within the nucleus and chromatin. We discuss these findings in relation to vascular pathologies such as Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, a premature aging disorder with cardiovascular impairment. More knowledge of LINC complex regulation and function will help to understand how the nucleus participates in endothelial cell force sensing and how dysfunction leads to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bougaran
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Victoria L. Bautch
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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10
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Gong G, Kam H, Bai Y, Cheang WS, Wu S, Cheng X, Giesy JP, Lee SMY. 6-benzylaminopurine causes endothelial dysfunctions to human umbilical vein endothelial cells and exacerbates atorvastatin-induced cerebral hemorrhage in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1258-1268. [PMID: 37929299 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), a multifunctional plant growth regulator, which is frequently used worldwide to improve qualities of various crops, is an important ingredient in production of "toxic bean sprouts." Although there is no direct evidence of adverse effects, its hazardous effects, as well as joint toxicity with other chemicals, have received particular attention and aroused furious debate between proponents and environmental regulators. By use of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), adverse effects of 6-BA to human-derived cells were first demonstrated in this study. A total of 25-50 mg 6-BA/L inhibited proliferation, migration, and formation of tubular-like structures by 50% in vitro. Results of Western blot analyses revealed that exposure to 6-BA differentially modulated the MAPK signal transduction pathway in HUVECs. Specifically, 6-BA decreased phosphorylation of MEK and ERK, but increased phosphorylation of JNK and P38. In addition, 6-BA exacerbated atorvastatin-induced cerebral hemorrhage via increasing hemorrhagic occurrence by 60% and areas by 4 times in zebrafish larvae. In summary, 6-BA elicited toxicity to the endothelial system of HUVECs and zebrafish. This was due, at least in part, to discoordination of MAPK signaling pathway, which should pose potential risks to the cerebral vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyi Gong
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hiotong Kam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yubin Bai
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Shuilong Wu
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoning Cheng
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States
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11
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Oliveira RHDM, Annex BH, Popel AS. Endothelial cells signaling and patterning under hypoxia: a mechanistic integrative computational model including the Notch-Dll4 pathway. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1351753. [PMID: 38455844 PMCID: PMC10917925 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1351753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Several signaling pathways are activated during hypoxia to promote angiogenesis, leading to endothelial cell patterning, interaction, and downstream signaling. Understanding the mechanistic signaling differences between endothelial cells under normoxia and hypoxia and their response to different stimuli can guide therapies to modulate angiogenesis. We present a novel mechanistic model of interacting endothelial cells, including the main pathways involved in angiogenesis. Methods: We calibrate and fit the model parameters based on well-established modeling techniques that include structural and practical parameter identifiability, uncertainty quantification, and global sensitivity. Results: Our results indicate that the main pathways involved in patterning tip and stalk endothelial cells under hypoxia differ, and the time under hypoxia interferes with how different stimuli affect patterning. Additionally, our simulations indicate that Notch signaling might regulate vascular permeability and establish different Nitric Oxide release patterns for tip/stalk cells. Following simulations with various stimuli, our model suggests that factors such as time under hypoxia and oxygen availability must be considered for EC pattern control. Discussion: This project provides insights into the signaling and patterning of endothelial cells under various oxygen levels and stimulation by VEGFA and is our first integrative approach toward achieving EC control as a method for improving angiogenesis. Overall, our model provides a computational framework that can be built on to test angiogenesis-related therapies by modulation of different pathways, such as the Notch pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian H. Annex
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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12
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Liu Z, Zhang X, Xiong S, Huang S, Ding X, Xu M, Yao J, Liu S, Zhao F. Endothelial dysfunction of syphilis: Pathogenesis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024. [PMID: 38376088 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Treponema pallidum is the causative factor of syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD) characterized by perivascular infiltration of inflammatory cells, vascular leakage, swelling and proliferation of endothelial cells (ECs). The endothelium lining blood and lymphatic vessels is a key barrier separating body fluids from host tissues and is a major target of T. pallidum. In this review, we focus on how T. pallidum establish intimate interactions with ECs, triggering endothelial dysfunction such as endothelial inflammation, abnormal repairment and damage of ECs. In addition, we summarize that migration and invasion of T. pallidum across vascular ECs may occur through two pathways. These two mechanisms of transendothelial migration are paracellular and cholesterol-dependent, respectively. Herein, clarifying the relationship between T. pallidum and endothelial dysfunction is of great significance to provide novel strategies for diagnosis and prevention of syphilis, and has a great potential prospect of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Liu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shun Xiong
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shaobin Huang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuan Ding
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Man Xu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jiangchen Yao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuangquan Liu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Feijun Zhao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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13
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Sadeghsoltani F, Hassanpour P, Safari MM, Haiaty S, Rahbarghazi R, Rahmati M, Mota A. Angiogenic activity of mitochondria; beyond the sole bioenergetic organelle. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31185. [PMID: 38219050 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a complex process that involves the expansion of the pre-existing vascular plexus to enhance oxygen and nutrient delivery and is stimulated by various factors, including hypoxia. Since the process of angiogenesis requires a lot of energy, mitochondria play an important role in regulating and promoting this phenomenon. Besides their roles as an oxidative metabolism base, mitochondria are potential bioenergetics organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis via sensing alteration in oxygen levels. Under hypoxic conditions, mitochondria can regulate angiogenesis through different factors. It has been indicated that unidirectional and bidirectional exchange of mitochondria or their related byproducts between the cells is orchestrated via different intercellular mechanisms such as tunneling nanotubes, extracellular vesicles, and gap junctions to maintain the cell homeostasis. Even though, the transfer of mitochondria is one possible mechanism by which cells can promote and regulate the process of angiogenesis under reperfusion/ischemia injury. Despite the existence of a close relationship between mitochondrial donation and angiogenic response in different cell types, the precise molecular mechanisms associated with this phenomenon remain unclear. Here, we aimed to highlight the possible role of mitochondria concerning angiogenesis, especially the role of mitochondrial transport and the possible relation of this transfer with autophagy, the housekeeping phenomenon of cells, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Hassanpour
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mir-Meghdad Safari
- Open Heart ICU of Shahid Madani Cardiovascular Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanya Haiaty
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Rahmati
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mota
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Tanke NT, Liu Z, Gore MT, Bougaran P, Linares MB, Marvin A, Sharma A, Oatley M, Yu T, Quigley K, Vest S, Cook JG, Bautch VL. Endothelial cell flow-mediated quiescence is temporally regulated and utilizes the cell cycle inhibitor p27. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.06.09.544403. [PMID: 37662222 PMCID: PMC10473767 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.09.544403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Endothelial cells regulate their cell cycle as blood vessels remodel and transition to quiescence downstream of blood flow-induced mechanotransduction. Laminar blood flow leads to quiescence, but how flow-mediated quiescence is established and maintained is poorly understood. Methods Primary human endothelial cells were exposed to laminar flow regimens and gene expression manipulations, and quiescence depth was analyzed via time to cell cycle re-entry after flow cessation. Mouse and zebrafish endothelial expression patterns were examined via scRNA seq analysis, and mutant or morphant fish lacking p27 were analyzed for endothelial cell cycle regulation and in vivo cellular behaviors. Results Arterial flow-exposed endothelial cells had a distinct transcriptome, and they first entered a deep quiescence, then transitioned to shallow quiescence under homeostatic maintenance conditions. In contrast, venous-flow exposed endothelial cells entered deep quiescence early that did not change with homeostasis. The cell cycle inhibitor p27 (CDKN1B) was required to establish endothelial flow-mediated quiescence, and expression levels positively correlated with quiescence depth. p27 loss in vivo led to endothelial cell cycle upregulation and ectopic sprouting, consistent with loss of quiescence. HES1 and ID3, transcriptional repressors of p27 upregulated by arterial flow, were required for quiescence depth changes and the reduced p27 levels associated with shallow quiescence. Conclusions Endothelial cell flow-mediated quiescence has unique properties and temporal regulation of quiescence depth that depends on the flow stimulus. These findings are consistent with a model whereby flow-mediated endothelial cell quiescence depth is temporally regulated downstream of p27 transcriptional regulation by HES1 and ID3. The findings are important in understanding endothelial cell quiescence mis-regulation that leads to vascular dysfunction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie T Tanke
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Ziqing Liu
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Michaelanthony T Gore
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Pauline Bougaran
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Mary B Linares
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Allison Marvin
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Arya Sharma
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Morgan Oatley
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Tianji Yu
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Quigley
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Sarah Vest
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Jeanette Gowen Cook
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Victoria L Bautch
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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15
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Marzoog BA. Endothelial Dysfunction under the Scope of Arterial Hypertension, Coronary Heart Disease, and Diabetes Mellitus using the Angioscan. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2024; 22:181-186. [PMID: 37921186 DOI: 10.2174/0118715257246589231018053646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus are among the leading causes of mortality. OBJECTIVES Our study evaluated endothelial function in patients with arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes mellitus. AIMS This study aimed to assess the degree of endothelial dysfunction in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors older than 55 years of age. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 112 patients were subdivided into three groups according to the existing disease; the first group consisted of 50 patients diagnosed with arterial hypertension (AH), the second group consisted of 30 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), and the third group included 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The control group included 12 practically healthy volunteers, comparable in age and sex. Exclusion criteria were age under 55 years, severe concomitant diseases in the acute phase or acute infectious diseases, and oncopathology. Considered factors of cardiovascular risk include dyslipidemia, elevated fasting blood glucose, hypertension, obesity, cigarette smoking, and heredity for CVD. Moreover, tests were conducted with the help of the device 'AngioScan-01' (LLC "AngioScan Electronics"). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV), the index of stiffness of the vascular wall (SI), and the atherogenic index (log (TG/HDL - C )) were evaluated. The analysis of the data obtained was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistic program. RESULTS In the control group, the atherogenic index was in the range of 3.34 (the normal is up to 3.5). The highest atherogenic index, 4.01, was observed in the DM group (differences with the control group are statistically significant). In the AH and IHD groups, the atherogenic index was 3.57 and 3.65, respectively. In the control group, the level of glycemia was 4.45 mmol/l. The highest level of fasting glucose was reported in the DM group, i.e., 6.7 mmol/l (differences with the control group were statistically significant). In the first and second groups, the fasting glucose level was 5.07 mmol/l and 5.08 mmol/l, respectively. In the control group, the mean EDV score was 2,056 ± 0.757 mm, and the lowest EDV in the DM group was 1.365 ± 0.413, but in the AH and IHD groups, it was also significantly reduced by 1.404 ± 0.440 and 1.377 ± 0.390, respectively. The stiffness index in the control group was 6.725 ± 0.776 m/s. In the DM group, this parameter was 8.258 ± 0.656 m/s; in the AH and IHD groups, it was 7.398 ± 1.330 m/s and 7.486 ± 0.816 m/s, respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the study of endothelial function using non-invasive angioscan reflects the influence of risk factors on the vascular wall. The most severe endothelial dysfunction is expressed in patients with diabetes. The results of endothelium-dependent vasodilation and the vascular wall stiffness index (SI) correspond to the scale of evaluation of the 10-year CVD mortality risk (SCORE). These results indicate a deterioration in the vascular ability to vasodilate in patients in response to mechanical deformation of the endothelium and the effect of NO on smooth muscle vascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basheer Abdullah Marzoog
- World-Class Research Center, Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Liang J, Zhao J, Chen Y, Li B, Li Y, Lu F, Dong Z. New Insights and Advanced Strategies for In Vitro Construction of Vascularized Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:692-709. [PMID: 37409413 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate vascularization is a significant barrier to clinical application of large-volume tissue engineered grafts. In contrast to in vivo vascularization, in vitro prevascularization shortens the time required for host vessels to grow into the graft core and minimizes necrosis in the core region of the graft. However, the challenge of prevascularization is to construct hierarchical perfusable vascular networks, increase graft volume, and form a vascular tip that can anastomose with host vessels. Understanding advances in in vitro prevascularization techniques and new insights into angiogenesis could overcome these obstacles. In the present review, we discuss new perspectives on angiogenesis, the differences between in vivo and in vitro tissue vascularization, the four elements of prevascularized constructs, recent advances in perfusion-based in vitro prevascularized tissue fabrication, and prospects for large-volume prevascularized tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancong Liang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunzi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqing Dong
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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17
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Wu W, Xia X, Tang L, Luo J, Xiong S, Ma G, Lei H. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase as a therapeutic target in angiogenic disease. Exp Eye Res 2023; 236:109646. [PMID: 37716399 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) generate lipids that control multitudinous intracellular cell signaling events which participate in cell survival and proliferation. In addition, PI3K signaling also contributes to metabolism, immunity, angiogenesis and cardiovascular homeostasis, and many diseases. The diverse actions of PI3K stem from the existence of their various isoforms and a variety of protein effectors. Hence, PI3K isoform-specific inhibitors have already achieved a wonderful effect on treating cancer. Herein, we summarize the molecular mechanism of PI3K inhibitors in preventing the permeability of vessels and neovascularization. Additionally, we briefly illustrate how PI3K signaling modulates blood vessel growth and discuss the different roles that PI3K isoforms play in angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Luosheng Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoen Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Hetian Lei
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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18
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Qin H, Weng J, Zhou B, Zhang W, Li G, Chen Y, Qi T, Zhu Y, Yu F, Zeng H. Magnesium Ions Promote In Vitro Rat Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Angiogenesis Through Notch Signaling. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2823-2842. [PMID: 35870071 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Bone defects are often caused by trauma or surgery and can lead to delayed healing or even bone nonunion, thereby resulting in impaired function of the damaged site. Magnesium ions and related metallic materials play a crucial role in repairing bone defects, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we induced the angiogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) with different concentrations of magnesium ions. The mechanism was investigated using γ-secretase inhibitor (DAPT) at different time points (7 and 14 days). Angiogenesis, differentiation, migration, and chemotaxis were detected using the tube formation assay, wound-healing assay, and Transwell assay. Besides, we analyzed mRNA expression and the angiogenesis-related protein levels of genes by RT-qPCR and western blot. We discovered that compared with other concentrations, the 5 mM magnesium ion concentration was more conducive to forming tubes. Additionally, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (Hif-1α) and endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) expression both increased (p < 0.05). After 7 and 14 days of induction, 5 mM magnesium ion group tube formation, migration, and chemotaxis were enhanced, and the expression of Notch pathway genes increased. Moreover, expression of the Notch target genes hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1) and Hes5 (hairy and enhancer of split 5), as well as the angiogenesis-related genes Hif-1α and eNOS, were enhanced (p < 0.05). However, these trends did not occur when DAPT was applied. This indicates that 5 mM magnesium ion is the optimal concentration for promoting the angiogenesis and differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. By activating the Notch signaling pathway, magnesium ions up-regulate the downstream genes Hes1 and Hes5 and the angiogenesis-related genes Hif-1α and eNOS, thereby promoting the angiogenesis differentiation of BMSCs. Additionally, magnesium ion-induced differentiation enhances the migration and chemotaxis of BMSCs. Thus, we can conclude that magnesium ions and related metallic materials promote angiogenesis to repair bone defects. This provides the rationale for developing artificial magnesium-containing bone materials through tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Qin
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Jian Weng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Weifei Zhang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Yingqi Chen
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Tiantian Qi
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Yuanchao Zhu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
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19
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Oliveira RHM, Annex BH, Popel AS. Endothelial cells signaling and patterning under hypoxia: a mechanistic integrative computational model including the Notch-Dll4 pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.03.539270. [PMID: 37205581 PMCID: PMC10187169 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.03.539270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Several signaling pathways are activated during hypoxia to promote angiogenesis, leading to endothelial cell patterning, interaction, and downstream signaling. Understanding the mechanistic signaling differences between normoxia and hypoxia can guide therapies to modulate angiogenesis. We present a novel mechanistic model of interacting endothelial cells, including the main pathways involved in angiogenesis. We calibrate and fit the model parameters based on well-established modeling techniques. Our results indicate that the main pathways involved in the patterning of tip and stalk endothelial cells under hypoxia differ, and the time under hypoxia affects how a reaction affects patterning. Interestingly, the interaction of receptors with Neuropilin1 is also relevant for cell patterning. Our simulations under different oxygen concentrations indicate time- and oxygen-availability-dependent responses for the two cells. Following simulations with various stimuli, our model suggests that factors such as period under hypoxia and oxygen availability must be considered for pattern control. This project provides insights into the signaling and patterning of endothelial cells under hypoxia, contributing to studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Hannah M Oliveira
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Brian H Annex
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
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20
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Vähätupa M, Nättinen J, Aapola U, Uusitalo-Järvinen H, Uusitalo H, Järvinen TAH. Proteomics Analysis of R-Ras Deficiency in Oxygen Induced Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097914. [PMID: 37175621 PMCID: PMC10178533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Small GTPase R-Ras regulates vascular permeability in angiogenesis. In the eye, abnormal angiogenesis and hyperpermeability are the leading causes of vision loss in several ischemic retinal diseases such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) is the most widely used experimental model for these ischemic retinopathies. To shed more light on how the R-Ras regulates vascular permeability in pathological angiogenesis, we performed a comprehensive (>2900 proteins) characterization of OIR in R-Ras knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) proteomics. OIR and age-matched normoxic control retinas were collected at P13, P17, and P42 from R-Ras KO and WT mice and were subjected to SWATH-MS and data analysis. The most significant difference between the R-Ras KO and WT retinas was an accumulation of plasma proteins. The pathological vascular hyperpermeability during OIR in the R-Ras KO retina took place very early, P13. This led to simultaneous hypoxic cell injury/death (ferroptosis), glycolytic metabolism as well compensatory mechanisms to counter the pathological leakage from angiogenic blood vessels in the OIR retina of R-Ras deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vähätupa
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Janika Nättinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Ulla Aapola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannele Uusitalo-Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Uusitalo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tero A H Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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21
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Wu WZ, Bai YP. Endothelial GLUTs and vascular biology. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114151. [PMID: 36565587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial metabolism is a promising target for vascular functional regulation and disease therapy. Glucose is the primary fuel for endothelial metabolism, supporting ATP generation and endothelial cell survival. Multiple studies have discussed the role of endothelial glucose catabolism, such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, in vascular functional remodeling. However, the role of the first gatekeepers of endothelial glucose utilization, glucose transporters, in the vasculature has long been neglected. Here, this review summarizes glucose transporter studies in vascular research. We mainly focus on GLUT1 and GLUT3 because they are the most critical glucose transporters responsible for most endothelial glucose uptake. Some interesting topics are also discussed, intending to provide directions for endothelial glucose transporter research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Zhou Wu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Center for Vascular Disease and Translational Medicine, Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong-Ping Bai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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22
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Kong J, Li S, Li Y, Chen M. Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza active compounds on placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1034455. [PMID: 36711034 PMCID: PMC9880055 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1034455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Placenta-mediated pregnancy complications (PMPCs), including preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), occur in approximately 5% of pregnancies and are caused by abnormal placenta development. The development of effective therapies for PMPCs is still challenging due to the complicated pathogenesis, such as disrupted vascular homeostasis and subsequent abnormal placentation. Synthetic drugs have been recommended for treating PMPCs; however, they tend to cause adverse reactions in the mother and fetus. Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) has potential effects on PMPCs owing to its advantages in treating cardiovascular disorders. S. miltiorrhiza and its active compounds could attenuate the symptoms of PMPCs through anticoagulation, vasodilation, antioxidation, and endothelial protection. Thus, in this review, we summarize the literature and provide comprehensive insights on S. miltiorrhiza and its phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and on PMPCs, which would be valuable to explore promising drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyin Kong
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songjun Li
- Department of Reproduction Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingting Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Min Chen,
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23
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Arthur HM, Roman BL. An update on preclinical models of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia: Insights into disease mechanisms. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:973964. [PMID: 36250069 PMCID: PMC9556665 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.973964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoglin (ENG) is expressed on the surface of endothelial cells (ECs) where it efficiently binds circulating BMP9 and BMP10 ligands to initiate activin A receptor like type 1 (ALK1) protein signalling to protect the vascular architecture. Patients heterozygous for ENG or ALK1 mutations develop the vascular disorder known as hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Many patients with this disorder suffer from anaemia, and are also at increased risk of stroke and high output heart failure. Recent work using animal models of HHT has revealed new insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms causing this disease. Loss of the ENG (HHT1) or ALK1 (HHT2) gene in ECs leads to aberrant arteriovenous connections or malformations (AVMs) in developing blood vessels. Similar phenotypes develop following combined EC specific loss of SMAD1 and 5, or EC loss of SMAD4. Taken together these data point to the essential role of the BMP9/10-ENG-ALK1-SMAD1/5-SMAD4 pathway in protecting the vasculature from AVMs. Altered directional migration of ECs in response to shear stress and increased EC proliferation are now recognised as critical factors driving AVM formation. Disruption of the ENG/ALK1 signalling pathway also affects EC responses to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and crosstalk between ECs and vascular smooth muscle cells. It is striking that the vascular lesions in HHT are both localised and tissue specific. Increasing evidence points to the importance of a second genetic hit to generate biallelic mutations, and the sporadic nature of such somatic mutations would explain the localised formation of vascular lesions. In addition, different pro-angiogenic drivers of AVM formation are likely to be at play during the patient’s life course. For example, inflammation is a key driver of vessel remodelling in postnatal life, and may turn out to be an important driver of HHT disease. The current wealth of preclinical models of HHT has led to increased understanding of AVM development and revealed new therapeutic approaches to treat AVMs, and form the topic of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Arthur
- Biosciences Institute, Centre for Life, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Helen M. Arthur,
| | - Beth L. Roman
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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24
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Sacnun JM, Herzog R, Kratochwill K. Proteomic study of mesothelial and endothelial cross-talk: key lessons. Expert Rev Proteomics 2022; 19:289-296. [PMID: 36714918 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2023.2174851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The peritoneum, pleura, and pericardium are yet understudied multicellular systems where mesothelial cells (MCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) are in close proximity. Crosstalk between these cell types likely plays role in molecular transport, immunological reactions, and metabolic processes in health, disease, and therapeutic intervention. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss recent proteomic efforts to characterize the crosstalk between MC and EC. We describe the proteomic methods necessary for investigation of crosstalk between MC and EC, as well as the in-vitro models that can be employed. Potential experimental approaches range from conditioned medium, via co-culture on semi-permeable membranes, to 3D cell culture based organoid models. While the biological and clinical relevance of the models may increase with their ability to mimic close cell communication, the practicality of these complex experiments corresponds vice versa, making standardization more difficult and expensive. EXPERT OPINION Currently, data and reports on mesothelial-to-endothelial crosstalk are still very scarce. In our opinion, the in-vitro model using semi-permeable cell culture inserts will allow to establish a basic understanding of cellular crosstalk that may occur between those cell types. Later-on, more sophisticated 3D cell cultures may be better able to simulate the transport dynamics within the peritoneal membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Sacnun
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rebecca Herzog
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Kratochwill
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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