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Górska AM, Santos-García I, Eiriz I, Brüning T, Nyman T, Pahnke J. Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF) mouse proteomes for the validation and description of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. J Neurosci Methods 2024:110239. [PMID: 39102902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mass spectrometry (MS)-based cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics is an important method for discovering biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases. CSF serves as a reservoir for interstitial fluid (ISF), and extensive communication between the two fluid compartments helps to remove waste products from the brain. NEW METHOD We performed proteomic analyses of both CSF and ISF fluid compartments using intracerebral microdialysis to validate and detect novel biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in APPtg and C57Bl/6J control mice. RESULTS We identified up to 625 proteins in ISF and 4,483 proteins in CSF samples. By comparing the biofluid profiles of APPtg and C57Bl/6J mice, we detected 37 and 108 significantly up- and downregulated candidates, respectively. In ISF, 7 highly regulated proteins, such as Gfap, Aldh1l1, Gstm1, and Txn, have already been implicated in AD progression, whereas in CSF, 9 out of 14 highly regulated proteins, such as Apba2, Syt12, Pgs1 and Vsnl1, have also been validated to be involved in AD pathogenesis. In addition, we also detected new interesting regulated proteins related to the control of synapses and neurotransmission (Kcna2, Cacng3, and Clcn6) whose roles as AD biomarkers should be further investigated. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS This newly established combined protocol provides better insight into the mutual communication between ISF and CSF as an analysis of tissue or CSF compartments alone. CONCLUSIONS The use of multiple fluid compartments, ISF and CSF, for the detection of their biological communication enables better detection of new promising AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Górska
- Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine (KlinMed), Medical Faculty, University of Oslo (UiO) and Section of Neuropathology Research, Department of Pathology, Clinics for Laboratory Medicine (KLM), Oslo University Hospital (OUS) Sognsvannsveien 20, NO-0372 Oslo, Norway; School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The Georg S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, IL-6997801, Israel.
| | - Irene Santos-García
- Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine (KlinMed), Medical Faculty, University of Oslo (UiO) and Section of Neuropathology Research, Department of Pathology, Clinics for Laboratory Medicine (KLM), Oslo University Hospital (OUS) Sognsvannsveien 20, NO-0372 Oslo, Norway; School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The Georg S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, IL-6997801, Israel.
| | - Ivan Eiriz
- Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine (KlinMed), Medical Faculty, University of Oslo (UiO) and Section of Neuropathology Research, Department of Pathology, Clinics for Laboratory Medicine (KLM), Oslo University Hospital (OUS) Sognsvannsveien 20, NO-0372 Oslo, Norway; School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The Georg S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, IL-6997801, Israel.
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine (KlinMed), Medical Faculty, University of Oslo (UiO) and Section of Neuropathology Research, Department of Pathology, Clinics for Laboratory Medicine (KLM), Oslo University Hospital (OUS) Sognsvannsveien 20, NO-0372 Oslo, Norway; School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The Georg S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, IL-6997801, Israel.
| | - Tuula Nyman
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital (OUS) and University of Oslo (UiO), Faculty of Medicine, Sognsvannsveien 20, NO-0372 Oslo, Norway; School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The Georg S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, IL-6997801, Israel.
| | - Jens Pahnke
- Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine (KlinMed), Medical Faculty, University of Oslo (UiO) and Section of Neuropathology Research, Department of Pathology, Clinics for Laboratory Medicine (KLM), Oslo University Hospital (OUS) Sognsvannsveien 20, NO-0372 Oslo, Norway; Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital (OUS) and University of Oslo (UiO), Faculty of Medicine, Sognsvannsveien 20, NO-0372 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Nutritional Medicine (INUM) and Lübeck Institute of Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck (UzL) and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Latvia, Jelgavas iela 3, LV-1004 Rīga, Latvia; School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The Georg S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, IL-6997801, Israel.
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Cui W, Lv C, Geng P, Fu M, Zhou W, Xiong M, Li T. Novel targets and therapies of metformin in dementia: old drug, new insights. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1415740. [PMID: 38881878 PMCID: PMC11176471 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1415740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a devastating disorder characterized by progressive and persistent cognitive decline, imposing a heavy public health burden on the individual and society. Despite numerous efforts by researchers in the field of dementia, pharmacological treatments are limited to relieving symptoms and fail to prevent disease progression. Therefore, studies exploring novel therapeutics or repurposing classical drugs indicated for other diseases are urgently needed. Metformin, a first-line antihyperglycemic drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, has been shown to be beneficial in neurodegenerative diseases including dementia. This review discusses and evaluates the neuroprotective role of metformin in dementia, from the perspective of basic and clinical studies. Mechanistically, metformin has been shown to improve insulin resistance, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and decrease oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain. Collectively, the current data presented here support the future potential of metformin as a potential therapeutic strategy for dementia. This study also inspires a new field for future translational studies and clinical research to discover novel therapeutic targets for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Lv
- Hangzhou Simo Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Panling Geng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingdi Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingxiang Xiong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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3
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Cleland NRW, Potter GJ, Buck C, Quang D, Oldham D, Neal M, Saviola A, Niemeyer CS, Dobrinskikh E, Bruce KD. Altered metabolism and DAM-signatures in female brains and microglia with aging. Brain Res 2024; 1829:148772. [PMID: 38244754 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affecting women, the mechanisms remain elusive. In AD, microglia undergo 'metabolic reprogramming', which contributes to microglial dysfunction and AD pathology. However, how sex and age contribute to metabolic reprogramming in microglia is understudied. Here, we use metabolic imaging, transcriptomics, and metabolic assays to probe age- and sex-associated changes in brain and microglial metabolism. Glycolytic and oxidative metabolism in the whole brain was determined using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM). Young female brains appeared less glycolytic than male brains, but with aging, the female brain became 'male-like.' Transcriptomic analysis revealed increased expression of disease-associated microglia (DAM) genes (e.g., ApoE, Trem2, LPL), and genes involved in glycolysis and oxidative metabolism in microglia from aged females compared to males. To determine whether estrogen can alter the expression of these genes, BV-2 microglia-like cell lines, which abundantly express DAM genes, were supplemented with 17β-estradiol (E2). E2 supplementation resulted in reduced expression of DAM genes, reduced lipid and cholesterol transport, and substrate-dependent changes in glycolysis and oxidative metabolism. Consistent with the notion that E2 may suppress DAM-associated factors, LPL activity was elevated in the brains of aged female mice. Similarly, DAM gene and protein expression was higher in monocyte-derived microglia-like (MDMi) cells derived from middle-aged females compared to age-matched males and was responsive to E2 supplementation. FLIM analysis of MDMi from young and middle-aged females revealed reduced oxidative metabolism and FAD+ with age. Overall, our findings show that altered metabolism defines age-associated changes in female microglia and suggest that estrogen may inhibit the expression and activity of DAM-associated factors, which may contribute to increased AD risk, especially in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R W Cleland
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Garrett J Potter
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Courtney Buck
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Daphne Quang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dean Oldham
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mikaela Neal
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Anthony Saviola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christy S Niemeyer
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Evgenia Dobrinskikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | - Kimberley D Bruce
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Lynch MA. A case for seeking sex-specific treatments in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1346621. [PMID: 38414633 PMCID: PMC10897030 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1346621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
There is no satisfactory explanation for the sex-related differences in the incidence of many diseases and this is also true of Alzheimer's disease (AD), where females have a higher lifetime risk of developing the disease and make up about two thirds of the AD patient population. The importance of understanding the cause(s) that account for this disproportionate distribution cannot be overestimated, and is likely to be a significant factor in the search for therapeutic strategies that will combat the disease and, furthermore, potentially point to a sex-targeted approach to treatment. This review considers the literature in the context of what is known about the impact of sex on processes targeted by drugs that are in clinical trial for AD, and existing knowledge on differing responses of males and females to these drugs. Current knowledge strongly supports the view that trials should make assessing sex-related difference in responses a priority with a focus on exploring the sex-stratified treatments.
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Cleland NRW, Potter GJ, Buck C, Quang D, Oldham D, Neal M, Saviola A, Niemeyer CS, Dobrinskikh E, Bruce KD. Altered Metabolism and DAM-signatures in Female Brains and Microglia with Aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.28.569104. [PMID: 38076915 PMCID: PMC10705419 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.28.569104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affecting women, the mechanisms remain elusive. In AD, microglia undergo 'metabolic reprogramming', which contributes to microglial dysfunction and AD pathology. However, how sex and age contribute to metabolic reprogramming in microglia is understudied. Here, we use metabolic imaging, transcriptomics, and metabolic assays to probe age-and sex-associated changes in brain and microglial metabolism. Glycolytic and oxidative metabolism in the whole brain was determined using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM). Young female brains appeared less glycolytic than male brains, but with aging, the female brain became 'male-like.' Transcriptomic analysis revealed increased expression of disease-associated microglia (DAM) genes (e.g., ApoE, Trem2, LPL), and genes involved in glycolysis and oxidative metabolism in microglia from aged females compared to males. To determine whether estrogen can alter the expression of these genes, BV-2 microglia-like cell lines, which abundantly express DAM genes, were supplemented with 17β-estradiol (E2). E2 supplementation resulted in reduced expression of DAM genes, reduced lipid and cholesterol transport, and substrate-dependent changes in glycolysis and oxidative metabolism. Consistent with the notion that E2 may suppress DAM-associated factors, LPL activity was elevated in the brains of aged female mice. Similarly, DAM gene and protein expression was higher in monocyte-derived microglia-like (MDMi) cells derived from middle-aged females compared to age-matched males and was responsive to E2 supplementation. FLIM analysis of MDMi from young and middle-aged females revealed reduced oxidative metabolism and FAD+ with age. Overall, our findings show that altered metabolism defines age-associated changes in female microglia and suggest that estrogen may inhibit the expression and activity of DAM-associated factors, which may contribute to increased AD risk, especially in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R W Cleland
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Garrett J Potter
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Courtney Buck
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Daphne Quang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Dean Oldham
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Mikaela Neal
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Anthony Saviola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Christy S. Niemeyer
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Evgenia Dobrinskikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | - Kimberley D. Bruce
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
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Liu J, Tang M, Zhu D, Ruan G, Zou S, Cheng Z, Zhu X, Zhu Y. The remodeling of metabolic brain pattern in patients with extracranial diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. EJNMMI Res 2023; 13:94. [PMID: 37902852 PMCID: PMC10616001 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-023-01046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to the advances in diagnosis and therapy, survival or remission rates for lymphoma have improved prominently. Apart from the lymphoma- and chemotherapy-related somatic symptom burden, increasing attention has been drawn to the health-related quality of life. The application of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has been routinely recommended for the staging and response assessment of FDG-avid lymphoma. However, up till now, only a few researches have investigated the brain metabolic impairments in patients with pre-treatment lymphoma. The determination of the lymphoma-related metabolic brain pattern would facilitate exploring the tailored therapeutic regimen to alleviate not only the physiological, but also the psychological symptoms. In this retrospective study, we aimed to establish the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-related pattern (DLBCLRP) of metabolic brain network and investigate the correlations between DLBCLRP and several indexes of the staging and response assessment. RESULTS The established DLBCLRP was characterized by the increased metabolic activity in bilateral cerebellum, brainstem, thalamus, striatum, hippocampus, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus and by the decreased metabolic activity in bilateral occipital lobe, parietal lobe, anterior cingulate gyrus, midcingulate cortex and medial frontal gyrus. Significant difference in the baseline expression of DLBCLRP was found among complete metabolic response (CMR), partial metabolic response (PMR) and progressive metabolic disease (PMD) groups (P < 0.01). DLBCLRP expressions were also significantly or tended to be positively correlated with international prognostic index (IPI) (rs = 0.306, P < 0.05), lg(total metabolic tumor volume, TMTV) (r = 0.298, P < 0.05) and lg(total lesion glycolysis, TLG) (r = 0.233, P = 0.064). Though no significant correlation of DLBCLRP expression was found with Ann Arbor staging or tumor SUVmax (P > 0.05), the post-treatment declines of DLBCLRP expression were significantly positively correlated with Ann Arbor staging (rs = 0.284, P < 0.05) and IPI (rs = 0.297, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The proposed DLBCLRP would lay the foundation for further investigating the cerebral dysfunction related to DLBCL itself and/or treatments. Besides, the expression of DLBCLRP was associated with the tumor burden of lymphoma, implying a potential biomarker for prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dongling Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ge Ruan
- Department of Radiology, Hospital, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Sijuan Zou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhaoting Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yuankai Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Terstege DJ, Epp JR. Parvalbumin as a sex-specific target in Alzheimer's disease research - A mini-review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105370. [PMID: 37619647 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, and both the incidence of this disease and its associated cognitive decline disproportionally effect women. While the etiology of AD is unknown, recent work has demonstrated that the balance of excitatory and inhibitory activity across the brain may serve as a strong predictor of cognitive impairments in AD. Across the cortex, the most prominent source of inhibitory signalling is from a class of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV+). In this mini-review, the impacts of sex- and age-related factors on the function of PV+ neurons are examined within the context of vulnerability to AD pathology. These primary factors of influence include changes in brain metabolism, circulating sex hormone levels, and inflammatory response. In addition to positing the increased vulnerability of PV+ neurons to dysfunction in AD, this mini-review highlights the critical importance of presenting sex stratified data in the study of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Terstege
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jonathan R Epp
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Miyoshi E, Morabito S, Henningfield CM, Rahimzadeh N, Kiani Shabestari S, Das S, Michael N, Reese F, Shi Z, Cao Z, Scarfone V, Arreola MA, Lu J, Wright S, Silva J, Leavy K, Lott IT, Doran E, Yong WH, Shahin S, Perez-Rosendahl M, Head E, Green KN, Swarup V. Spatial and single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis of genetic and sporadic forms of Alzheimer's Disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.24.550282. [PMID: 37546983 PMCID: PMC10402031 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.24.550282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) depends on environmental and heritable factors, with remarkable differences evident between individuals at the molecular level. Here we present a transcriptomic survey of AD using spatial transcriptomics (ST) and single-nucleus RNA-seq in cortical samples from early-stage AD, late-stage AD, and AD in Down Syndrome (AD in DS) donors. Studying AD in DS provides an opportunity to enhance our understanding of the AD transcriptome, potentially bridging the gap between genetic mouse models and sporadic AD. Our analysis revealed spatial and cell-type specific changes in disease, with broad similarities in these changes between sAD and AD in DS. We performed additional ST experiments in a disease timecourse of 5xFAD and wildtype mice to facilitate cross-species comparisons. Finally, amyloid plaque and fibril imaging in the same tissue samples used for ST enabled us to directly link changes in gene expression with accumulation and spread of pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Miyoshi
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Morabito
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Mathematical, Computational, and Systems Biology (MCSB) Program, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems (CCBS), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Caden M Henningfield
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Negin Rahimzadeh
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Mathematical, Computational, and Systems Biology (MCSB) Program, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems (CCBS), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sudeshna Das
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Neethu Michael
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Fairlie Reese
- Center for Complex Biological Systems (CCBS), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zechuan Shi
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zhenkun Cao
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa Scarfone
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Miguel A Arreola
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jackie Lu
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sierra Wright
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Justine Silva
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kelsey Leavy
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ira T Lott
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Eric Doran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Saba Shahin
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Mari Perez-Rosendahl
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kim N Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Vivek Swarup
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems (CCBS), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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