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Miyoshi E, Morabito S, Henningfield CM, Rahimzadeh N, Kiani Shabestari S, Das S, Michael N, Reese F, Shi Z, Cao Z, Scarfone V, Arreola MA, Lu J, Wright S, Silva J, Leavy K, Lott IT, Doran E, Yong WH, Shahin S, Perez-Rosendahl M, Head E, Green KN, Swarup V. Spatial and single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis of genetic and sporadic forms of Alzheimer's Disease. bioRxiv 2023:2023.07.24.550282. [PMID: 37546983 PMCID: PMC10402031 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.24.550282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) depends on environmental and heritable factors, with remarkable differences evident between individuals at the molecular level. Here we present a transcriptomic survey of AD using spatial transcriptomics (ST) and single-nucleus RNA-seq in cortical samples from early-stage AD, late-stage AD, and AD in Down Syndrome (AD in DS) donors. Studying AD in DS provides an opportunity to enhance our understanding of the AD transcriptome, potentially bridging the gap between genetic mouse models and sporadic AD. Our analysis revealed spatial and cell-type specific changes in disease, with broad similarities in these changes between sAD and AD in DS. We performed additional ST experiments in a disease timecourse of 5xFAD and wildtype mice to facilitate cross-species comparisons. Finally, amyloid plaque and fibril imaging in the same tissue samples used for ST enabled us to directly link changes in gene expression with accumulation and spread of pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Miyoshi
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Morabito
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Mathematical, Computational, and Systems Biology (MCSB) Program, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems (CCBS), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Caden M Henningfield
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Negin Rahimzadeh
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Mathematical, Computational, and Systems Biology (MCSB) Program, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems (CCBS), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sudeshna Das
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Neethu Michael
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Fairlie Reese
- Center for Complex Biological Systems (CCBS), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zechuan Shi
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zhenkun Cao
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa Scarfone
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Miguel A Arreola
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jackie Lu
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sierra Wright
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Justine Silva
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kelsey Leavy
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ira T Lott
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Eric Doran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Saba Shahin
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Mari Perez-Rosendahl
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kim N Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Vivek Swarup
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems (CCBS), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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2
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McQuade A, Kang YJ, Hasselmann J, Jairaman A, Sotelo A, Coburn M, Shabestari SK, Chadarevian JP, Fote G, Tu CH, Danhash E, Silva J, Martinez E, Cotman C, Prieto GA, Thompson LM, Steffan JS, Smith I, Davtyan H, Cahalan M, Cho H, Blurton-Jones M. Author Correction: Gene expression and functional deficits underlie TREM2-knockout microglia responses in human models of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1194. [PMID: 36864071 PMCID: PMC9981556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda McQuade
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - You Jung Kang
- grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Nanoscale Science Program, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA
| | - Jonathan Hasselmann
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Amit Jairaman
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Alexandra Sotelo
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Morgan Coburn
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Gianna Fote
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Christina H. Tu
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Emma Danhash
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Jorge Silva
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Eric Martinez
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Carl Cotman
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - G. Aleph Prieto
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.9486.30000 0001 2159 0001Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Leslie M. Thompson
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA
| | - Joan S. Steffan
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Psychology and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Ian Smith
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Michael Cahalan
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Hansang Cho
- grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Nanoscale Science Program, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419 Korea
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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3
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Miyoshi E, Morabito S, Henningfield CM, Michael N, Shabestari SK, Das S, Shahin S, AD MODEL, Green KN, Swarup V. Spatiotemporal transcriptomic characterization of an amyloid mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.065285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Miyoshi
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND) Irvine CA USA
| | - Samuel Morabito
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND) Irvine CA USA
| | - Caden M Henningfield
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND) Irvine CA USA
| | - Neethu Michael
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND) Irvine CA USA
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center Irvine CA USA
| | - Sudeshna Das
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND) Irvine CA USA
| | - Saba Shahin
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND) Irvine CA USA
| | - MODEL AD
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
| | - Kim N Green
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND) Irvine CA USA
| | - Vivek Swarup
- University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND) Irvine CA USA
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4
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Claes C, England WE, Danhash EP, Kiani Shabestari S, Jairaman A, Chadarevian JP, Hasselmann J, Tsai AP, Coburn MA, Sanchez J, Lim TE, Hidalgo JLS, Tu C, Cahalan MD, Lamb BT, Landreth GE, Spitale RC, Blurton‐Jones M, Davtyan H. The P522R protective variant of PLCG2 promotes the expression of antigen presentation genes by human microglia in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:1765-1778. [PMID: 35142046 PMCID: PMC9360195 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The P522R variant of PLCG2, expressed by microglia, is associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, the impact of this protective mutation on microglial responses to AD pathology remains unknown. Chimeric AD and wild-type mice were generated by transplanting PLCG2-P522R or isogenic wild-type human induced pluripotent stem cell microglia. At 7 months of age, single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing, and histological analyses were performed. The PLCG2-P522R variant induced a significant increase in microglial human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression and the induction of antigen presentation, chemokine signaling, and T cell proliferation pathways. Examination of immune-intact AD mice further demonstrated that the PLCG2-P522R variant promotes the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to the brain. These data provide the first evidence that the PLCG2-P522R variant increases the capacity of microglia to recruit T cells and present antigens, promoting a microglial transcriptional state that has recently been shown to be reduced in AD patient brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Claes
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Whitney E. England
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emma P. Danhash
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Amit Jairaman
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jonathan Hasselmann
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andy P. Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Morgan A. Coburn
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jessica Sanchez
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tau En Lim
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jorge L. S. Hidalgo
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Christina Tu
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael D. Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Gary E. Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Robert C. Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mathew Blurton‐Jones
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
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5
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Kiani Shabestari S, Morabito S, Danhash EP, McQuade A, Sanchez JR, Miyoshi E, Chadarevian JP, Claes C, Coburn MA, Hasselmann J, Hidalgo J, Tran KN, Martini AC, Chang Rothermich W, Pascual J, Head E, Hume DA, Pridans C, Davtyan H, Swarup V, Blurton-Jones M. Absence of microglia promotes diverse pathologies and early lethality in Alzheimer's disease mice. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110961. [PMID: 35705056 PMCID: PMC9285116 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are strongly implicated in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet their impact on pathology and lifespan remains unclear. Here we utilize a CSF1R hypomorphic mouse to generate a model of AD that genetically lacks microglia. The resulting microglial-deficient mice exhibit a profound shift from parenchymal amyloid plaques to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), which is accompanied by numerous transcriptional changes, greatly increased brain calcification and hemorrhages, and premature lethality. Remarkably, a single injection of wild-type microglia into adult mice repopulates the microglial niche and prevents each of these pathological changes. Taken together, these results indicate the protective functions of microglia in reducing CAA, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and brain calcification. To further understand the clinical implications of these findings, human AD tissue and iPSC-microglia were examined, providing evidence that microglia phagocytose calcium crystals, and this process is impaired by loss of the AD risk gene, TREM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Samuel Morabito
- Mathematical, Computational and System Biology (MCSB) Program, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Emma Pascal Danhash
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Amanda McQuade
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jessica Ramirez Sanchez
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Emily Miyoshi
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Christel Claes
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Morgan Alexandra Coburn
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jonathan Hasselmann
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jorge Hidalgo
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kayla Nhi Tran
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Alessandra C Martini
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | | | - Jesse Pascual
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Clare Pridans
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; The Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Vivek Swarup
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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6
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Radhakrishnan H, Shabestari SK, Blurton-Jones M, Obenaus A, Stark CEL. Using Advanced Diffusion-Weighted Imaging to Predict Cell Counts in Gray Matter: Potential and Pitfalls. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:881713. [PMID: 35720733 PMCID: PMC9204138 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.881713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in diffusion imaging have given it the potential to non-invasively detect explicit neurobiological properties, beyond what was previously possible with conventional structural imaging. However, there is very little known about what cytoarchitectural properties these metrics, especially those derived from newer multi-shell models like Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) correspond to. While these diffusion metrics do not promise any inherent cell type specificity, different brain cells have varying morphologies, which could influence the diffusion signal in distinct ways. This relationship is currently not well-characterized. Understanding the possible cytoarchitectural signatures of diffusion measures could allow them to estimate important neurobiological properties like cell counts, potentially resulting in a powerful clinical diagnostic tool. Here, using advanced diffusion imaging (NODDI) in the mouse brain, we demonstrate that different regions have unique relationships between cell counts and diffusion metrics. We take advantage of this exclusivity to introduce a framework to predict cell counts of different types of cells from the diffusion metrics alone, in a region-specific manner. We also outline the challenges of reliably developing such a model and discuss the precautions the field must take when trying to tie together medical imaging modalities and histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamsanandini Radhakrishnan
- Mathematical, Computational and Systems Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Andre Obenaus
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Craig E. L. Stark
- Mathematical, Computational and Systems Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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7
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Zagorski K, Chailyan G, Hovakimyan A, Antonyan T, Kiani Shabestari S, Petrushina I, Davtyan H, Cribbs DH, Blurton-Jones M, Masliah E, Agadjanyan MG, Ghochikyan A. Immunogenicity of MultiTEP-Platform-Based Recombinant Protein Vaccine, PV-1950R, Targeting Three B-Cell Antigenic Determinants of Pathological α-Synuclein. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116080. [PMID: 35682759 PMCID: PMC9181659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are characterized by the aberrant accumulation of intracytoplasmic misfolded and aggregated α-synuclein (α-Syn), resulting in neurodegeneration associated with inflammation. The propagation of α-Syn aggregates from cell to cell is implicated in the spreading of pathological α-Syn in the brain and disease progression. We and others demonstrated that antibodies generated after active and passive vaccinations could inhibit the propagation of pathological α-Syn in the extracellular space and prevent/inhibit disease/s in the relevant animal models. We recently tested the immunogenicity and efficacy of four DNA vaccines on the basis of the universal MultiTEP platform technology in the DLB/PD mouse model. The antibodies generated by these vaccines efficiently reduced/inhibited the accumulation of pathological α-Syn in the different brain regions and improved the motor deficit of immunized female mice. The most immunogenic and preclinically effective vaccine, PV-1950D, targeting three B-cell epitopes of pathological α-Syn simultaneously, has been selected for future IND-enabling studies. However, to ensure therapeutically potent concentrations of α-Syn antibodies in the periphery of the vaccinated elderly, we developed a recombinant protein-based MultiTEP vaccine, PV-1950R/A, and tested its immunogenicity in young and aged D-line mice. Antibody responses induced by immunizations with the PV-1950R/A vaccine and its homologous DNA counterpart, PV-1950D, in a mouse model of PD/DLB have been compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Zagorski
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (K.Z.); (G.C.); (A.H.); (T.A.)
| | - Gor Chailyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (K.Z.); (G.C.); (A.H.); (T.A.)
| | - Armine Hovakimyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (K.Z.); (G.C.); (A.H.); (T.A.)
| | - Tatevik Antonyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (K.Z.); (G.C.); (A.H.); (T.A.)
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (S.K.S.); (I.P.); (H.D.); (D.H.C.); (M.B.-J.)
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Irina Petrushina
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (S.K.S.); (I.P.); (H.D.); (D.H.C.); (M.B.-J.)
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (S.K.S.); (I.P.); (H.D.); (D.H.C.); (M.B.-J.)
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - David H. Cribbs
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (S.K.S.); (I.P.); (H.D.); (D.H.C.); (M.B.-J.)
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (S.K.S.); (I.P.); (H.D.); (D.H.C.); (M.B.-J.)
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Michael G. Agadjanyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (K.Z.); (G.C.); (A.H.); (T.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.A.); (A.G.)
| | - Anahit Ghochikyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (K.Z.); (G.C.); (A.H.); (T.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.A.); (A.G.)
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8
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Stables J, Green EK, Sehgal A, Patkar OL, Keshvari S, Taylor I, Ashcroft ME, Grabert K, Wollscheid-Lengeling E, Szymkowiak S, McColl BW, Adamson A, Humphreys NE, Mueller W, Starobova H, Vetter I, Shabestari SK, Blurton-Jones MM, Summers KM, Irvine KM, Pridans C, Hume DA. A kinase-dead Csf1r mutation associated with adult-onset leukoencephalopathy has a dominant inhibitory impact on CSF1R signalling. Development 2022; 149:274819. [PMID: 35333324 PMCID: PMC9002114 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid substitutions in the kinase domain of the human CSF1R gene are associated with autosomal dominant adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP). To model the human disease, we created a disease-associated mutation (pGlu631Lys; E631K) in the mouse Csf1r locus. Homozygous mutation (Csf1rE631K/E631K) phenocopied the Csf1r knockout, with prenatal mortality or severe postnatal growth retardation and hydrocephalus. Heterozygous mutation delayed the postnatal expansion of tissue macrophage populations in most organs. Bone marrow cells from Csf1rE631K/+mice were resistant to CSF1 stimulation in vitro, and Csf1rE631K/+ mice were unresponsive to administration of a CSF1-Fc fusion protein, which expanded tissue macrophage populations in controls. In the brain, microglial cell numbers and dendritic arborisation were reduced in Csf1rE631K/+ mice, as in patients with ALSP. The microglial phenotype is the opposite of microgliosis observed in Csf1r+/- mice. However, we found no evidence of brain pathology or impacts on motor function in aged Csf1rE631K/+ mice. We conclude that heterozygous disease-associated CSF1R mutations compromise CSF1R signalling. We speculate that leukoencephalopathy associated with dominant human CSF1R mutations requires an environmental trigger and/or epistatic interaction with common neurodegenerative disease-associated alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Stables
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Emma K Green
- Centre for Inflammation Research and Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Anuj Sehgal
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Omkar L Patkar
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Sahar Keshvari
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Isis Taylor
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Maisie E Ashcroft
- Centre for Inflammation Research and Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Kathleen Grabert
- Toxicology Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Evi Wollscheid-Lengeling
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Université du Luxembourg, Belvaux, L-4401, Luxembourg
| | - Stefan Szymkowiak
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Barry W McColl
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Antony Adamson
- Genome Editing Unit, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Neil E Humphreys
- Genome Editing Unit, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Werner Mueller
- Genome Editing Unit, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Hana Starobova
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences & School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences & School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | | | | | - Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Katharine M Irvine
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Clare Pridans
- Centre for Inflammation Research and Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia
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9
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Claes C, Danhash EP, Hasselmann J, Chadarevian JP, Shabestari SK, England WE, Lim TE, Hidalgo JLS, Spitale RC, Davtyan H, Blurton-Jones M. Plaque-associated human microglia accumulate lipid droplets in a chimeric model of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:50. [PMID: 34301296 PMCID: PMC8305935 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00473-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease-associated microglia (DAMs), that surround beta-amyloid plaques, represent a transcriptionally-distinct microglial profile in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Activation of DAMs is dependent on triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) in mouse models and the AD TREM2-R47H risk variant reduces microglial activation and plaque association in human carriers. Interestingly, TREM2 has also been identified as a microglial lipid-sensor, and recent data indicates lipid droplet accumulation in aged microglia, that is in turn associated with a dysfunctional proinflammatory phenotype. However, whether lipid droplets (LDs) are present in human microglia in AD and how the R47H mutation affects this remains unknown. METHODS To determine the impact of the TREM2 R47H mutation on human microglial function in vivo, we transplanted wild-type and isogenic TREM2-R47H iPSC-derived microglial progenitors into our recently developed chimeric Alzheimer mouse model. At 7 months of age scRNA-seq and histological analyses were performed. RESULTS Here we report that the transcriptome of human wild-type TREM2 and isogenic TREM2-R47H DAM xenografted microglia (xMGs), isolated from chimeric AD mice, closely resembles that of human atherosclerotic foam cells. In addition, much like foam cells, plaque-bound xMGs are highly enriched in lipid droplets. Somewhat surprisingly and in contrast to a recent in vitro study, TREM2-R47H mutant xMGs exhibit an overall reduction in the accumulation of lipid droplets in vivo. Notably, TREM2-R47H xMGs also show overall reduced reactivity to plaques, including diminished plaque-proximity, reduced CD9 expression, and lower secretion of plaque-associated APOE. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results indicate lipid droplet accumulation occurs in human DAM xMGs in AD, but is reduced in TREM2-R47H DAM xMGs, as it occurs secondary to TREM2-mediated changes in plaque proximity and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Claes
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA.
| | - Emma Pascal Danhash
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA
| | - Jonathan Hasselmann
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA
| | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA
| | - Whitney E England
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Tau En Lim
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA
| | - Jorge Luis Silva Hidalgo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA
| | - Robert C Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA. .,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92696, USA. .,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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10
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Claes C, Danhash E, Hasselmann J, Chadarevian JP, Shabestari SK, Lim TE, Tu C, Silva J, Coburn MA, Jairaman A, Cahalan M, Blurton‐Jones M, Davtyan H. Examining the effects of the microglial PLCG2 P522R mutation by transplantation of human stem cell‐derived microglia in chimeric AD mice. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.041539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tau En Lim
- University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA
| | | | - Jorge Silva
- University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA
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11
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McQuade A, Kang YJ, Hasselmann J, Jairaman A, Sotelo A, Coburn M, Shabestari SK, Chadarevian JP, Fote G, Tu CH, Danhash E, Silva J, Martinez E, Cotman C, Prieto GA, Thompson LM, Steffan JS, Smith I, Davtyan H, Cahalan M, Cho H, Blurton-Jones M. Gene expression and functional deficits underlie TREM2-knockout microglia responses in human models of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5370. [PMID: 33097708 PMCID: PMC7584603 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19227-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of TREM2 as a myeloid-specific Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk gene has accelerated research into the role of microglia in AD. While TREM2 mouse models have provided critical insight, the normal and disease-associated functions of TREM2 in human microglia remain unclear. To examine this question, we profile microglia differentiated from isogenic, CRISPR-modified TREM2-knockout induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines. By combining transcriptomic and functional analyses with a chimeric AD mouse model, we find that TREM2 deletion reduces microglial survival, impairs phagocytosis of key substrates including APOE, and inhibits SDF-1α/CXCR4-mediated chemotaxis, culminating in an impaired response to beta-amyloid plaques in vivo. Single-cell sequencing of xenotransplanted human microglia further highlights a loss of disease-associated microglial (DAM) responses in human TREM2 knockout microglia that we validate by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Taken together, these studies reveal both conserved and novel aspects of human TREM2 biology that likely play critical roles in the development and progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda McQuade
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - You Jung Kang
- grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Nanoscale Science Program, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA
| | - Jonathan Hasselmann
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Amit Jairaman
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Alexandra Sotelo
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Morgan Coburn
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Gianna Fote
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Christina H. Tu
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Emma Danhash
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Jorge Silva
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Eric Martinez
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Carl Cotman
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - G. Aleph Prieto
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.9486.30000 0001 2159 0001Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Leslie M. Thompson
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA
| | - Joan S. Steffan
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Psychology and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Ian Smith
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Michael Cahalan
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Hansang Cho
- grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Nanoscale Science Program, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419 Korea
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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12
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Mohammadi M, Luong JC, Rodriguez SM, Cao R, Wheeler AE, Lau H, Li S, Shabestari SK, Chadarevian JP, Alexander M, de Vos P, Zhao W, Lakey JRT. Controlled Release of Stem Cell Secretome Attenuates Inflammatory Response against Implanted Biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901874. [PMID: 32419390 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory response against implanted biomaterials impairs their functional integration and induces medical complications in the host's body. To suppress such immune responses, one approach is the administration of multiple drugs to halt inflammatory pathways. This challenges patient's adherence and can cause additional complications such as infection. Alternatively, biologics that regulate multiple inflammatory pathways are attractive agents in addressing the implants immune complications. Secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a multipotent biologic, regulating the homeostasis of lymphocytes and leukocytes. Here, it is reported that alginate microcapsules loaded with processed conditioned media (pCM-Alg) reduces the infiltration and/or expression of CD68+ macrophages likely through the controlled release of pCM. In vitro cultures revealed that alginate can dose dependently induce macrophages to secrete TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and GM-CSF. Addition of pCM to the cultures attenuates the secretion of TNFα (p = 0.023) and IL-6 (p < 0.0001) by alginate or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulations. Mechanistically, pCM suppressed the NfκB pathway activation of macrophages in response to LPS (p < 0.0001) in vitro and cathepsin activity (p = 0.005) in response to alginate in vivo. These observations suggest the efficacy of using MSC-derived secretome to prevent or delay the host rejection of implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Mohammadi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Sue and Bill Stem Cell Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Jennifer Cam Luong
- Sue and Bill Stem Cell Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA
| | | | - Rui Cao
- Sue and Bill Stem Cell Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA
| | | | - Hien Lau
- Sue and Bill Stem Cell Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Shiri Li
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA
| | | | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- Sue and Bill Stem Cell Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Michael Alexander
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Paul de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, section Immunoendocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Weian Zhao
- Sue and Bill Stem Cell Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jonathan Robert Tod Lakey
- Sue and Bill Stem Cell Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA
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13
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Davtyan H, Hovakimyan A, Kiani Shabestari S, Antonyan T, Coburn MA, Zagorski K, Chailyan G, Petrushina I, Svystun O, Danhash E, Petrovsky N, Cribbs DH, Agadjanyan MG, Blurton-Jones M, Ghochikyan A. Testing a MultiTEP-based combination vaccine to reduce Aβ and tau pathology in Tau22/5xFAD bigenic mice. Alzheimers Res Ther 2019; 11:107. [PMID: 31847886 PMCID: PMC6918571 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-019-0556-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau, which together lead to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Current therapeutic approaches have primarily aimed to reduce pathological aggregates of either Aβ or tau, yet phase 3 clinical trials of these approaches have thus far failed to delay disease progression in humans. Strong preclinical evidence indicates that these two abnormally aggregated proteins interact synergistically to drive downstream neurodegeneration. Therefore, combinatorial therapies that concurrently target both Aβ and tau might be needed for effective disease modification. METHODS A combinatorial vaccination approach was designed to concurrently target both Aβ and tau pathologies. Tau22/5xFAD (T5x) bigenic mice that develop both pathological Aβ and tau aggregates were injected intramuscularly with a mixture of two MultiTEP epitope vaccines: AV-1959R and AV-1980R, targeting Aβ and tau, respectively, and formulated in AdvaxCpG, a potent polysaccharide adjuvant. Antibody responses of vaccinated animals were measured by ELISA, and neuropathological changes were determined in brain homogenates of vaccinated and control mice using ELISA and Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) multiplex assays. RESULTS T5x mice immunized with a mixture of Aβ- and tau-targeting vaccines generated high Aβ- and tau-specific antibody titers that recognized senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles/neuropil threads in human AD brain sections. Production of these antibodies in turn led to significant reductions in the levels of soluble and insoluble total tau, and hyperphosphorylated tau as well as insoluble Aβ42, within the brains of bigenic T5x mice. CONCLUSIONS AV-1959R and AV-1980R formulated with AdvaxCpG adjuvant are immunogenic and therapeutically potent vaccines that in combination can effectively reduce both of the hallmark pathologies of AD in bigenic mice. Taken together, these findings warrant further development of this vaccine technology for ultimate testing in human AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayk Davtyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Armine Hovakimyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA USA
| | | | - Tatevik Antonyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA USA
| | - Morgan A. Coburn
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Karen Zagorski
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA USA
- Current address: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Gor Chailyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA USA
| | - Irina Petrushina
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Olga Svystun
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA USA
| | - Emma Danhash
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | | | - David H. Cribbs
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Michael G. Agadjanyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA USA
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Anahit Ghochikyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA USA
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14
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Hasselmann J, Coburn MA, England W, Figueroa Velez DX, Kiani Shabestari S, Tu CH, McQuade A, Kolahdouzan M, Echeverria K, Claes C, Nakayama T, Azevedo R, Coufal NG, Han CZ, Cummings BJ, Davtyan H, Glass CK, Healy LM, Gandhi SP, Spitale RC, Blurton-Jones M. Development of a Chimeric Model to Study and Manipulate Human Microglia In Vivo. Neuron 2019; 103:1016-1033.e10. [PMID: 31375314 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
iPSC-derived microglia offer a powerful tool to study microglial homeostasis and disease-associated inflammatory responses. Yet, microglia are highly sensitive to their environment, exhibiting transcriptomic deficiencies when kept in isolation from the brain. Furthermore, species-specific genetic variations demonstrate that rodent microglia fail to fully recapitulate the human condition. To address this, we developed an approach to study human microglia within a surrogate brain environment. Transplantation of iPSC-derived hematopoietic-progenitors into the postnatal brain of humanized, immune-deficient mice results in context-dependent differentiation into microglia and other CNS macrophages, acquisition of an ex vivo human microglial gene signature, and responsiveness to both acute and chronic insults. Most notably, transplanted microglia exhibit robust transcriptional responses to Aβ-plaques that only partially overlap with that of murine microglia, revealing new, human-specific Aβ-responsive genes. We therefore have demonstrated that this chimeric model provides a powerful new system to examine the in vivo function of patient-derived and genetically modified microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Hasselmann
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Morgan A Coburn
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Whitney England
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Dario X Figueroa Velez
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Christina H Tu
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Amanda McQuade
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Mahshad Kolahdouzan
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Karla Echeverria
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Christel Claes
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Taylor Nakayama
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Ricardo Azevedo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Nicole G Coufal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Claudia Z Han
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Brian J Cummings
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093-0651, USA
| | - Luke M Healy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Sunil P Gandhi
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Robert C Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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