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Lopez-Tello J, Kiu R, Schofield Z, Zhang CXW, van Sinderen D, Le Gall G, Hall LJ, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Maternal gut Bifidobacterium breve modifies fetal brain metabolism in germ-free mice. Mol Metab 2024; 88:102004. [PMID: 39127167 PMCID: PMC11401360 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances have significantly expanded our understanding of the gut microbiome's influence on host physiology and metabolism. However, the specific role of certain microorganisms in gestational health and fetal development remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the impact of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 on fetal brain metabolism when colonized in the maternal gut during pregnancy. METHODS Germ-free pregnant mice were colonized with or without B. breve UCC2003 during pregnancy. The metabolic profiles of fetal brains were analyzed, focusing on the presence of key metabolites and the expression of critical metabolic and cellular pathways. RESULTS Maternal colonization with B. breve resulted in significant metabolic changes in the fetal brain. Specifically, ten metabolites, including citrate, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, and carnitine, were reduced in the fetal brain. These alterations were accompanied by increased abundance of transporters involved in glucose and branched-chain amino acid uptake. Furthermore, supplementation with this bacterium was associated with elevated expression of critical metabolic pathways such as PI3K-AKT, AMPK, STAT5, and Wnt-β-catenin signaling, including its receptor Frizzled-7. Additionally, there was stabilization of HIF-2 protein and modifications in genes and proteins related to cellular growth, axogenesis, and mitochondrial function. CONCLUSIONS The presence of maternal B. breve during pregnancy plays a crucial role in modulating fetal brain metabolism and growth. These findings suggest that Bifidobacterium could modify fetal brain development, potentially offering new avenues for enhancing gestational health and fetal development through microbiota-targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lopez-Tello
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine. Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Raymond Kiu
- Food, Microbiome & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK; Institute of Microbiology & Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Microbes, Infection & Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation & Immunology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zoe Schofield
- Food, Microbiome & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Cindy X W Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Gwénaëlle Le Gall
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Bob Champion Research and Education Building, James Watson Road, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Lindsay J Hall
- Food, Microbiome & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK; Institute of Microbiology & Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Microbes, Infection & Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation & Immunology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Solairaja S, Venkatabalasubramanian S. Beyond Hormones: Investigating the Impact of Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Membr Biol 2024; 257:231-243. [PMID: 38546883 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-024-00311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1) is a candidate oncogene with a prominent involvement in the pathogenesis of diverse cancers (ovarian, thyroid, breast, colon, head, and neck). Our study ascertains the ability of PGRMC1 to influence WNT members in the non-small cell lung cancer subtype-lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and participates in augmented cell proliferation and migration. Both computational and in vitro experimental analyses were performed in this study. Gene silencing, in vitro assays, gene expression & and protein expression studies were performed to ascertain the role of PGRMC1 in LUAD cells. The computational analysis, PGRMC1 gene level expression was analysed using the microarray gene expression omnibus datasets (GSE27262; GSE18842) to compare LUAD tumours and normal tissues. Concurrently, the gene expression profiling interactive analysis of PGRMC1 and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a decreasing patient survival rate with an increasing PGRMC1 gene expression in LUAD tumour samples. Interestingly, the experimental gene silencing studies were conducted in vitro (si-PGRMC1 Vs si-Control) to understand the essential role of PGRMC1 in regulating WNT-associated genes (WNT1, WNT5A, and WNT11). Comparative experimental cell migration and spheroid formation assays (si-PGRMC1 Vs si-Control) in vitro showed a strong association between PGRMC1 and LUAD. In vitro expression analysis using real-time PCR and western blot further confirmed the connecting link between PGRMC1 and WNT5A compared to other WNT member genes (WNT1 and WNT11) in LUAD. The computational and experimental analyses agreed with one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solaipriya Solairaja
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
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3
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Ito T. Molecular pathology of small cell lung cancer: Overview from studies on neuroendocrine differentiation regulated by ASCL1 and Notch signaling. Pathol Int 2024; 74:239-251. [PMID: 38607250 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary neuroendocrine (NE) cells are rare airway epithelial cells. The balance between Achaete-scute complex homolog 1 (ASCL1) and hairy and enhancer of split 1, one of the target molecules of the Notch signaling pathway, is crucial for NE differentiation. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive lung tumor, characterized by rapid cell proliferation, a high metastatic potential, and the acquisition of resistance to treatment. The subtypes of SCLC are defined by the expression status of NE cell-lineage transcription factors, such as ASCL1, which roles are supported by SRY-box 2, insulinoma-associated protein 1, NK2 homeobox 1, and wingless-related integration site signaling. This network reinforces NE differentiation and may induce the characteristic morphology and chemosensitivity of SCLC. Notch signaling mediates cell-fate decisions, resulting in an NE to non-NE fate switch. The suppression of NE differentiation may change the histological type of SCLC to a non-SCLC morphology. In SCLC with NE differentiation, Notch signaling is typically inactive and genetically or epigenetically regulated. However, Notch signaling may be activated after chemotherapy, and, in concert with Yes-associated protein signaling and RE1-silencing transcription factor, suppresses NE differentiation, producing intratumor heterogeneity and chemoresistance. Accumulated information on the molecular mechanisms of SCLC will contribute to further advances in the control of this recalcitrant cancer.
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Grants
- 20H03691 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- 18K19489 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- 16590318 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- 25460439 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- Smoking Research Foundation, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Ito
- Department of Medical Technology, Kumamoto Health Science University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Brain Morphogenesis, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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4
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Bhattacharya S, Shinde P, Page A, Sharma S. 5-Fluorouracil and Anti-EGFR antibody scaffold chitosan-stabilized Pickering emulsion: Formulations, physical characterization, in-vitro studies in NCL-H226 cells, and in-vivo investigations in Wistar rats for the augmented therapeutic effects against squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126716. [PMID: 37673158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
This research seeks to optimize a chitosan-stabilized Pickering emulsion (PE) containing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as a potential Squamous Cell Carcinoma therapy. The 5-Fluorouracil was also thoroughly analysed using UV spectrophotometry and RP-HPLC, demonstrating exceptional linearity, sensitivity, precision, and robustness. The techniques of characterization revealed Pickering emulsion (PE) morphology, solid-like gel properties, successful encapsulation, and promising anticancer effects. FTIR was used to validate the efficacy of encapsulation, and DSC was used to confirm the post-encapsulation drug stability. The 0.6 % chitosan-stabilized PE showed exceptional stability and drug loading efficiency. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-CS-PE gel was developed for sustained drug release in the treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-CS-PE demonstrated potent anticancer effects in vitro, with a lower IC50 than 5-FU and 5-FU-CS-PE. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-PE Pickering emulsions based on chitosan were investigated for their rheological properties, cellular interactions, and therapeutic potential. Both emulsions and gel exhibited sustained in vitro drug release after successful encapsulation. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-CS-PE induced apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibited the migration of cancer cells. Wistar mice were tested for safety and tumour growth inhibition. All formulations exhibited exceptional six-month stability. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-CS-PE emerges as a viable therapeutic option, necessitating additional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankha Bhattacharya
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India.
| | - Prafull Shinde
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India; Ph.D. Scholar at Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, NMIMS Deemed-to-be-University.
| | - Amit Page
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India.
| | - Satyam Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, NH322, Hajipur, Bihar 844102, India.
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5
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Peri SS, Narayanaa Y K, Hubert TD, Rajaraman R, Arfuso F, Sundaram S, Archana B, Warrier S, Dharmarajan A, Perumalsamy LR. Navigating Tumour Microenvironment and Wnt Signalling Crosstalk: Implications for Advanced Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5847. [PMID: 38136392 PMCID: PMC10741643 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapeutics face significant challenges due to drug resistance and tumour recurrence. The tumour microenvironment (TME) is a crucial contributor and essential hallmark of cancer. It encompasses various components surrounding the tumour, including intercellular elements, immune system cells, the vascular system, stem cells, and extracellular matrices, all of which play critical roles in tumour progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, drug resistance, and relapse. These components interact with multiple signalling pathways, positively or negatively influencing cell growth. Abnormal regulation of the Wnt signalling pathway has been observed in tumorigenesis and contributes to tumour growth. A comprehensive understanding and characterisation of how different cells within the TME communicate through signalling pathways is vital. This review aims to explore the intricate and dynamic interactions, expressions, and alterations of TME components and the Wnt signalling pathway, offering valuable insights into the development of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Shravani Peri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Krithicaa Narayanaa Y
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Therese Deebiga Hubert
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Roshini Rajaraman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Frank Arfuso
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Sandhya Sundaram
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.); (B.A.)
| | - B. Archana
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.); (B.A.)
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India;
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Lakshmi R. Perumalsamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
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Xue W, Cai L, Li S, Hou Y, Wang YD, Yang D, Xia Y, Nie X. WNT ligands in non-small cell lung cancer: from pathogenesis to clinical practice. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:136. [PMID: 37486552 PMCID: PMC10366069 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and leading cause of death worldwide, whereas its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Although mutations in some crucial genes in WNT pathways such as β-catenin and APC are not common in NSCLC, the abnormal signal transduction of WNT pathways is still closely related to the occurrence and progression of NSCLC. WNT ligands (WNTs) are a class of secreted glycoproteins that activate WNT pathways through binding to their receptors and play important regulatory roles in embryonic development, cell differentiation, and tissue regeneration. Therefore, the abnormal expression or dysfunction of WNTs undoubtedly affects WNT pathways and thus participates in the pathogenesis of diseases. There are 19 members of human WNTs, WNT1, WNT2, WNT2b, WNT3, WNT3a, WNT4, WNT5a, WNT5b, WNT6, WNT7a, WNT7b, WNT8a, WNT8b, WNT9a, WNT9b, WNT10a, WNT10b, WNT11 and WNT16. The expression levels of WNTs, binding receptors, and activated WNT pathways are diverse in different tissue types, which endows the complexity of WNT pathways and multifarious biological effects. Although abundant studies have reported the role of WNTs in the pathogenesis of NSCLC, it still needs further study as therapeutic targets for lung cancer. This review will systematically summarize current research on human WNTs in NSCLC, from molecular pathogenesis to potential clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Xue
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China
| | - Lihong Cai
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Kaifeng Cancer Hospital, Kaifeng University, Kaifeng, 475003, China
| | - Su Li
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China
| | - Yujia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China.
- Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Hebi, 458030, China.
| | - Yubing Xia
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Kaifeng Cancer Hospital, Kaifeng University, Kaifeng, 475003, China.
| | - Xiaobo Nie
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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7
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Werner J, Boonekamp KE, Zhan T, Boutros M. The Roles of Secreted Wnt Ligands in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5349. [PMID: 36982422 PMCID: PMC10049518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt ligands are secreted signaling proteins that display a wide range of biological effects. They play key roles in stimulating Wnt signaling pathways to facilitate processes such as tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Dysregulation of Wnt signaling is a hallmark of many cancers and genetic alterations in various Wnt signaling components, which result in ligand-independent or ligand-dependent hyperactivation of the pathway that have been identified. Recently, research is focusing on the impact of Wnt signaling on the interaction between tumor cells and their micro-environment. This Wnt-mediated crosstalk can act either in a tumor promoting or suppressing fashion. In this review, we comprehensively outline the function of Wnt ligands in different tumor entities and their impact on key phenotypes, including cancer stemness, drug resistance, metastasis, and immune evasion. Lastly, we elaborate approaches to target Wnt ligands in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Werner
- Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kim E. Boonekamp
- Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim University Hospital, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany;
- Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Mannheim, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Mannheim, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
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8
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Feng D, Li W, Wu W, Kahlert UD, Gao P, Hu G, Huang X, Shi W, Li H. Chromatin Regulator-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Immunotherapy Efficacy in Breast Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:2736932. [PMID: 36755810 PMCID: PMC9902130 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2736932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have found that chromatin regulators (CRs) are correlated with tumorigenesis and disease prognosis. Here, we attempted to build a new CR-related gene model to predict breast cancer (BC) survival status. METHODS First, the CR-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened in normal and tumor breast tissues, and the potential mechanism of CR-related DEGs was determined by function analysis. Based on the prognostic DEGs, the Cox regression model was applied to build a signature for BC. Then, survival and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to validate the signature's efficacy and identify its independent prognostic value. The CIBERSORT and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithms were used to assess the immune cells infiltration and immunotherapy efficacy for this signature, respectively. Additionally, a novel nomogram was also built for clinical decisions. RESULTS We identified 98 CR-related DEGs in breast tissues and constructed a novel 6 CR-related gene signature (ARID5A, ASCL1, IKZF3, KDM4B, PRDM11, and TFF1) to predict the outcome of BC patients. The prognostic value of this CR-related gene signature was validated with outstanding predictive performance. The TIDE analysis revealed that the high-risk group patients had a better response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. CONCLUSION A new CR-related gene signature was built, and this signature could provide the independent predictive capability of prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy for BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Chongming District, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Wenbing Li
- Department of General Surgery, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Chongming District, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Chongming District, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Ulf Dietrich Kahlert
- University Clinic for General, Visceral, Vascular-and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Pingfa Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Chongming District, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Gangfeng Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Chongming District, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Chongming District, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Wenjie Shi
- University Clinic for General, Visceral, Vascular-and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
- University Hospital for Gynaecology, Pius-Hospital, University Medicine Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26121, Germany
| | - Huichao Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, Shandong, China
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Sanada M, Yamazaki M, Yamada T, Fujino K, Kudoh S, Tenjin Y, Saito H, Kudo N, Sato Y, Matsuo A, Suzuki M, Ito T. Heterogeneous expression and role of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) in small cell lung cancer. Hum Cell 2023; 36:409-420. [PMID: 36463543 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the expression and role of ROR2 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). To examine the expression of ROR2, 27 surgically resected SCLC tissue samples were immunostained for ROR2. Sixteen tissue samples were positive and some showed intratumor heterogeneity in staining intensity. The heterogeneity of ROR2 expression was also observed in tumor tissues from a PDX model of SCLC, in which there were cells with high ROR2 expression (ROR2high cells) and without its expression (ROR2low cells). These cells were subjected to a RNA sequence analysis. GSEA was performed and the results obtained revealed the enrichment of molecules such as G2M checkpoint, mitotic spindle, and E2F targets in ROR2high cells. The rate of EdU incorporation was significantly higher in ROR2high cells than ROR2low cells from the PDX model and the SCLC cell lines. Cell proliferation was suppressed in ROR2 KO SBC3 cells in vitro and in vivo. Comparisons of down-regulated differentially expressed genes in ROR2 KO SBC3 cells with up-regulated DEG in ROR2high cells from the PDX model revealed 135 common genes. After a Metascape analysis of these genes, we focused on Aurora kinases. In SCLC cell lines, the knockdown of ROR2 suppressed Aurora kinases. Therefore, ROR2 appears to regulate the cell cycle through Aurora kinases. The present results reveal a role for ROR2 in SCLC and afford a candidate system (ROR2-Aurora kinase) accompanying tumor heterogeneity in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mune Sanada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kosuke Fujino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shinji Kudoh
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuki Tenjin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Haruki Saito
- Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Noritaka Kudo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Pathology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Younosuke Sato
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Brain Morphology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan. .,Department of Brain Morphology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan. .,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325 Izumi, Kita-Ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 861-5598, Japan.
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10
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Kim KB, Kim DW, Kim Y, Tang J, Kirk N, Gan Y, Kim B, Fang B, Park JI, Zheng Y, Park KS. WNT5A-RHOA Signaling Is a Driver of Tumorigenesis and Represents a Therapeutically Actionable Vulnerability in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4219-4233. [PMID: 36102736 PMCID: PMC9669186 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
WNT signaling represents an attractive target for cancer therapy due to its widespread oncogenic role. However, the molecular players involved in WNT signaling and the impact of their perturbation remain unknown for numerous recalcitrant cancers. Here, we characterize WNT pathway activity in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and determine the functional role of WNT signaling using genetically engineered mouse models. β-Catenin, a master mediator of canonical WNT signaling, was dispensable for SCLC development, and its transcriptional program was largely silenced during tumor development. Conversely, WNT5A, a ligand for β-catenin-independent noncanonical WNT pathways, promoted neoplastic transformation and SCLC cell proliferation, whereas WNT5A deficiency inhibited SCLC development. Loss of p130 in SCLC cells induced expression of WNT5A, which selectively increased Rhoa transcription and activated RHOA protein to drive SCLC. Rhoa knockout suppressed SCLC development in vivo, and chemical perturbation of RHOA selectively inhibited SCLC cell proliferation. These findings suggest a novel requirement for the WNT5A-RHOA axis in SCLC, providing critical insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this recalcitrant cancer. This study also sheds light on the heterogeneity of WNT signaling in cancer and the molecular determinants of its cell-type specificity. SIGNIFICANCE The p130-WNT5A-RHOA pathway drives SCLC progression and is a potential target for the development of therapeutic interventions and biomarkers to improve patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee-Beom Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt
Cancer Research Center, Tampa Bay, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nicole Kirk
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Yongyu Gan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Bongjun Kim
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson
Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bingliang Fang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, MD
Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jae-Il Park
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson
Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Devision of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology,
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229,
USA
| | - Kwon-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA,Correspondence to Kwon-Sik Park, 1340 Jefferson
Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA, ,
phone: 434-982-1947
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11
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Liu S, Alabi BR, Yin Q, Stoyanova T. Molecular mechanisms underlying the development of neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:57-68. [PMID: 35597438 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-associated deaths among men in the United States. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard of care for advanced prostate cancer. While patients with advanced prostate cancer initially respond to ADT, the disease frequently progresses to a lethal metastatic form, defined as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). After multiple rounds of anti-androgen therapies, 20-25% of metastatic CRPCs develop a neuroendocrine (NE) phenotype. These tumors are classified as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). De novo NEPC is rare and accounts for less than 2% of all prostate cancers at diagnosis. NEPC is commonly characterized by the expression of NE markers and the absence of androgen receptor (AR) expression. NEPC is usually associated with tumor aggressiveness, hormone therapy resistance, and poor clinical outcome. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying the emergence of NEPC and provide insights into the future perspectives on potential therapeutic strategies for NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Busola Ruth Alabi
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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12
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Caetano da Silva C, Edouard T, Fradin M, Aubert-Mucca M, Ricquebourg M, Raman R, Salles JP, Charon V, Guggenbuhl P, Muller M, Cohen-Solal M, Collet C. WNT11, a new gene associated with early onset osteoporosis, is required for osteoblastogenesis. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:1622-1634. [PMID: 34875064 PMCID: PMC9122655 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monogenic early onset osteoporosis (EOOP) is a rare disease defined by low bone mineral density (BMD) that results in increased risk of fracture in children and young adults. Although several causative genes have been identified, some of the EOOP causation remains unresolved. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a de novo heterozygous loss-of-function mutation in Wnt family member 11 (WNT11) (NM_004626.2:c.677_678dup p.Leu227Glyfs*22) in a 4-year-old boy with low BMD and fractures. We identified two heterozygous WNT11 missense variants (NM_004626.2:c.217G > A p.Ala73Thr) and (NM_004626.2:c.865G > A p.Val289Met) in a 51-year-old woman and in a 61-year-old woman, respectively, both with bone fragility. U2OS cells with heterozygous WNT11 mutation (NM_004626.2:c.690_721delfs*40) generated by CRISPR-Cas9 showed reduced cell proliferation (30%) and osteoblast differentiation (80%) as compared with wild-type U2OS cells. The expression of genes in the Wnt canonical and non-canonical pathways was inhibited in these mutant cells, but recombinant WNT11 treatment rescued the expression of Wnt pathway target genes. Furthermore, the expression of RSPO2, a WNT11 target involved in bone cell differentiation, and its receptor leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), was decreased in WNT11 mutant cells. Treatment with WNT5A and WNT11 recombinant proteins reversed LGR5 expression, but Wnt family member 3A (WNT3A) recombinant protein treatment had no effect on LGR5 expression in mutant cells. Moreover, treatment with recombinant RSPO2 but not WNT11 or WNT3A activated the canonical pathway in mutant cells. In conclusion, we have identified WNT11 as a new gene responsible for EOOP, with loss-of-function variant inhibiting bone formation via Wnt canonical and non-canonical pathways. WNT11 may activate Wnt signaling by inducing the RSPO2-LGR5 complex via the non-canonical Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Caetano da Silva
- INSERM U1132 and Université de Paris, Reference Centre for Rare Bone Diseases, Hospital Lariboisière, Paris F-75010, France
| | - Thomas Edouard
- Endocrine Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, Children’s Hospital, RESTORE INSERM U1301, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse 31300, France
| | - Melanie Fradin
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement de l'Ouest, Hôpital Sud de Rennes, Rennes F-35033, France
| | - Marion Aubert-Mucca
- Endocrine Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, Children’s Hospital, RESTORE INSERM U1301, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse 31300, France
| | - Manon Ricquebourg
- INSERM U1132 and Université de Paris, Reference Centre for Rare Bone Diseases, Hospital Lariboisière, Paris F-75010, France
| | - Ratish Raman
- Laboratory for Organogenesis and Regeneration (LOR), GIGA-Research, Liège University, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Jean Pierre Salles
- Endocrine Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, Children’s Hospital, RESTORE INSERM U1301, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse 31300, France
| | - Valérie Charon
- Department of Radiology, CHU de Rennes, Rennes F-35000, France
| | | | - Marc Muller
- Laboratory for Organogenesis and Regeneration (LOR), GIGA-Research, Liège University, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Martine Cohen-Solal
- INSERM U1132 and Université de Paris, Reference Centre for Rare Bone Diseases, Hospital Lariboisière, Paris F-75010, France
| | - Corinne Collet
- INSERM U1132 and Université de Paris, Reference Centre for Rare Bone Diseases, Hospital Lariboisière, Paris F-75010, France
- Département de Génétique, UF de Génétique Moléculaire, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris F-75019, France
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13
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Ito T, Kudoh S, Fujino K, Sanada M, Tenjin Y, Saito H, Nakaishi-Fukuchi Y, Kameyama H, Ichimura T, Udaka N, Kudo N, Matsuo A, Sato Y. Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells and Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Immunohistochemical Study Focusing on Mechanisms of Neuroendocrine Differentiation. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2022; 55:75-83. [PMID: 35821751 PMCID: PMC9253501 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.22-00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation has been histochemically detected in normal and cancer tissues and cells. Immunohistochemical analyses have provided a more detailed understanding of NE biology and pathology. Pulmonary NE cells are a rare lung epithelial type, and small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCLC) is a high-grade NE tumor. Pulmonary NE and SCLC cells share common mechanisms for NE differentiation. Neural or NE cell lineage-specific transcription factors, such as achaete-scute homologue 1 (Ascl1) and insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1), are crucial for the development of pulmonary NE cells, and NE differentiation is influenced by the balance between Ascl1 and the suppressive neural transcription factor, hairy-enhancer of split 1, a representative target molecule of the Notch signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the importance of Ascl1 and INSM1 in identifying pulmonary NE and SCLC cells and introduce Ascl1-related molecules detected by comparative RNA-sequence analyses. The molecular classification of SCLC based on the expression of lineage-specific transcription or co-transcription factors, including ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and YAP1, was recently proposed. We attempted to characterize these 4 SCLC subtypes using integrated immunohistochemical studies, which will provide insights into the molecular characteristics of these subtypes and clarify the inter- and intratumor heterogeneities of SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Ito
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science Kumamoto Health Science University
| | - Shinji Kudoh
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Kosuke Fujino
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Mune Sanada
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Yuki Tenjin
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Haruki Saito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Yuko Nakaishi-Fukuchi
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science Kumamoto Health Science University
| | - Hiroki Kameyama
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science Kumamoto Health Science University
| | | | - Naoko Udaka
- Division of Surgical Pathology, Yokohama City University Hospital
| | - Noritaka Kudo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Akira Matsuo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Younosuke Sato
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
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14
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Liang W, Xia B, Yan M, Zhai G, Li M. Enhanced LINC01061 Levels as a Serum Biomarker in Gastric Cancer and Promotion of Malignant Transformation. Oncol Res Treat 2021; 44:242-251. [PMID: 33910210 DOI: 10.1159/000508310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genomic copy number of LINC01061 is amplified in papillary thyroid cancer. However, its role in gastric cancer is not clear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tissues and serum of GC patients were collected to detect the expression of LINC01061 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). ShRNA were applied to knock down the expression of LINC01061. Growth curves and colony formation experiments were applied to evaluate cell growth. Cell migration was assessed by transwell migration experiments. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was examined by qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS The expression of LINC01061 was upregulated in tissues and serum of GC patients and it was associated with the clinicopathological features and survival time. Functional study indicated that cell growth and migration were suppressed after LINC01061 knockdown. Cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis occurred when LINC01061 expression was inhibited. EMT was also impaired combined with a decrease in β-catenin expression after LINC01061 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that LINC01061 is a novel biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of GC. LINC01061 promoted progression of GC through cell cycle regulation and EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital North, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital West, Suzhou, China
| | - Meina Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital North, Suzhou, China
| | - Guanghua Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital North, Suzhou, China
| | - Meifen Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital North, Suzhou, China
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15
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Zolghadr F, Bakhshinejad B, Davuchbabny S, Sarrafpour B, Seyedasli N. Critical regulatory levels in tumor differentiation: Signaling pathways, epigenetics and non-coding transcripts. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2000190. [PMID: 33644880 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Approaches to induce tumor differentiation often result in manageable and therapy-naïve cellular states in cancer cells. This transformation is achieved by activating pathways that drive tumor cells away from plasticity, a state that commonly correlates with enhanced aggression, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Here, we discuss signaling pathways, epigenetics and non-coding RNAs as three main regulatory levels with the potential to drive tumor differentiation and hence as potential targets in differentiation therapy approaches. The success of an effective therapeutic regimen in one cancer, however, does not necessarily sustain across cancer types; a phenomenon largely resulting from heterogeneity in the genetic and physiological landscapes of tumor types necessitating an approach designed for each cancer's unique genetic and phenotypic build-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zolghadr
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Babak Bakhshinejad
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sapir Davuchbabny
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Babak Sarrafpour
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Naisana Seyedasli
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,The Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Wang YY, Duan H, Wang S, Quan YJ, Huang JH, Guo ZC. Talin1 Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition to Facilitate Endometrial Cell Migration and Invasion in Adenomyosis Under the Regulation of microRNA-145-5p. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1523-1539. [PMID: 33537874 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adenomyosis (ADS) is a commonly encountered benign gynecological disorder. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may serve a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ADS. Talin1 has been identified to be implicated in multiple human carcinomas, probably through inducing EMT process. However, available data on the precise molecular mechanism of Talin1 in the pathogenesis of ADS remain extremely scanty. In the present study, we aim to investigate the clinical roles of Talin1 and its effects on uterine endometrial cell migration, invasion, and EMT in ADS. Relative mRNA expression of Talin1, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p), and EMT-related markers was determined by qRT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed to examine the distribution of Talin1 in ADS endometrium. Protein levels of Talin1, EMT-related markers, and wnt/β-catenin pathway were measured by western blot. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were utilized for evaluating cell migration and invasion respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the relationship between Talin1 and miR-145-5p. We found Talin1 was markedly overexpressed in ADS endometrial tissue and cells, whereas miR-145-5p was downregulated. Elevated Talin1 mRNA level might be closely related to some clinicopathological features of ADS. Through functional experiments, we demonstrated that overexpression of Talin1 induced EMT and enhanced migration and invasion ability of ADS eutopic and ectopic endometrial epithelial cells (ADS_Eu_EEC and ADS_Ec_EEC) in vitro through activating the canonical wnt/β-catenin pathway. From a mechanistic perspective, Talin1 was inversely regulated by miR-145-5p as a direct target. Our findings unveiled that under the regulation of miR-145-5p, Talin1 might promote endometrial cell migration and invasion through inducing EMT, presenting a novel insight for elucidating the pathogenesis of ADS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yi Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 17 Qi Helou Road, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Hua Duan
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 17 Qi Helou Road, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100006, China.
| | - Sha Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 17 Qi Helou Road, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Yong-Jun Quan
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jun-Hua Huang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 17 Qi Helou Road, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Zheng-Chen Guo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 17 Qi Helou Road, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100006, China
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17
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Tenjin Y, Matsuura K, Kudoh S, Usuki S, Yamada T, Matsuo A, Sato Y, Saito H, Fujino K, Wakimoto J, Ichimura T, Kohrogi H, Sakagami T, Niwa H, Ito T. Distinct transcriptional programs of SOX2 in different types of small cell lung cancers. J Transl Med 2020; 100:1575-1588. [PMID: 32801334 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00479-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
SOX2 is recognized as an oncogene in human small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which is an aggressive neuroendocrine (NE) tumor. However, the role of SOX2 in SCLC is not completely understood, and strategies to selectively target SOX2 in SCLC cells remain elusive. Here, we show, using next-generation sequencing, that SOX2 expressed in the ASCL1-high SCLC (SCLC-A) subtype cell line is dependent on ASCL1, which is a lineage-specific transcriptional factor, and is involved in NE differentiation and tumorigenesis. ASCL1 recruits SOX2, which promotes INSM1 and WNT11 expression. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that SCLC tissue samples expressed SOX2, ASCL1, and INSM1 in 18 out of the 30 cases (60%). Contrary to the ASCL1-SOX2 signaling axis controlling SCLC biology in the SCLC-A subtype, SOX2 targets distinct genes such as those related to the Hippo pathway in the ASCL1-negative, YAP1-high SCLC (SCLC-Y) subtype. Although SOX2 knockdown experiments suppressed NE differentiation and cell proliferation in the SCLC-A subtype, they did not sufficiently impair the growth of the SCLC-Y subtype cell lines in vitro and ex vivo. The present results support the importance of the ASCL1-SOX2 axis as a main subtype of SCLC, and suggest the therapeutic potential of targeting the ASCL1-SOX2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tenjin
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kumi Matsuura
- Department of Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shinji Kudoh
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shingo Usuki
- Liaison Laboratory Research Promotion Center (LILA), Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Younosuke Sato
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Haruki Saito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kosuke Fujino
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Joeji Wakimoto
- Division of Pathology, Minami Kyushu National Hospital, Kagoshima, 899-5293, Japan
| | - Takaya Ichimura
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Kohrogi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Omuta Tenryo Hospital, Tenryo 1-100, Omuta, Fukuoka, 836-8556, Japan
| | - Takuro Sakagami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Niwa
- Department of Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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18
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Dai B, Fan M, Yu R, Su Q, Wang B, Yang T, Liu F, Zhang Y. Novel diphenyl urea derivative serves as an inhibitor on human lung cancer cell migration by disrupting EMT via Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt signaling. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 69:105000. [PMID: 32942006 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeted anti-tumor small molecules are considered to be promising candidates for cancer treatment. The novel diphenyl urea derivative (DUD) was synthesized by the molecular docking based on the structure optimization of Taspine (a natural product). In this study, we explored the anti-metastatic potential of DUD for NSCLC in vitro. DUD significantly suppressed A549 cell migration by reversing EMT. The inhibition was reflected on upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail and HIF-1α. Meanwhile, DUD inhibited the β-catenin nuclear translocation by upregulating Axin and downregulating the expression of APC, CK1 and phosphorylation of GSK3β, and simultaneously decreasing MMP9 and MMP13 expression. Moreover, it was associated with the downregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. Furthermore, we used XAV939, an β-catenin inhibitor, to verify the mechanism of DUD. These results suggested that DUD inhibited A549 cells migration by reversing EMT via Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt signaling. DUD might be a potential therapeutic drug candidate for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingling Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Mengying Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Runze Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Qi Su
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Tianfeng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi Institute of International Trade & Commence, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
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19
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Khan P, Siddiqui JA, Maurya SK, Lakshmanan I, Jain M, Ganti AK, Salgia R, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Epigenetic landscape of small cell lung cancer: small image of a giant recalcitrant disease. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 83:57-76. [PMID: 33220460 PMCID: PMC8218609 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a particular subtype of lung cancer with high mortality. Recent advances in understanding SCLC genomics and breakthroughs of immunotherapy have substantially expanded existing knowledge and treatment modalities. However, challenges associated with SCLC remain enigmatic and elusive. Most of the conventional drug discovery approaches targeting altered signaling pathways in SCLC end up in the 'grave-yard of drug discovery', which mandates exploring novel approaches beyond inhibiting cell signaling pathways. Epigenetic modifications have long been documented as the key contributors to the tumorigenesis of almost all types of cancer, including SCLC. The last decade witnessed an exponential increase in our understanding of epigenetic modifications for SCLC. The present review highlights the central role of epigenetic regulations in acquiring neoplastic phenotype, metastasis, aggressiveness, resistance to chemotherapy, and immunotherapeutic approaches of SCLC. Different types of epigenetic modifications (DNA/histone methylation or acetylation) that can serve as predictive biomarkers for prognostication, treatment stratification, neuroendocrine lineage determination, and development of potential SCLC therapies are also discussed. We also review the utility of epigenetic targets/epidrugs in combination with first-line chemotherapy and immunotherapy that are currently under investigation in preclinical and clinical studies. Altogether, the information presents the inclusive landscape of SCLC epigenetics and epidrugs that will help to improve SCLC outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Apar Kishor Ganti
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, VA-Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA; Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte 91010, CA, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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20
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Sato Y, Okamoto I, Kameyama H, Kudoh S, Saito H, Sanada M, Kudo N, Wakimoto J, Fujino K, Ikematsu Y, Tanaka K, Nishikawa A, Sakaguchi R, Ito T. Integrated Immunohistochemical Study on Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Focusing on Transcription and Co-Transcription Factors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E949. [PMID: 33202998 PMCID: PMC7697657 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignant cancer that is classified into four subtypes based on the expression of the following key transcription and co-transcription factors: ASCL1, NEUROD1, YAP1, and POU2F3. The protein expression levels of these key molecules may be important for the formation of SCLC characteristics in a molecular subtype-specific manner. We expect that immunohistochemistry (IHC) of these molecules may facilitate the diagnosis of the specific SCLC molecular subtype and aid in the appropriate selection of individualized treatments. We attempted IHC of the four key factors and 26 candidate SCLC target molecules selected from the gene expression omnibus datasets of 47 SCLC samples, which were grouped based on positive or negative results for the four key molecules. We examined differences in the expression levels of the candidate targets and key molecules. ASCL1 showed the highest positive rate in SCLC samples, and significant differences were observed in the expression levels of some target molecules between the ASCL1-positive and ASCL1-negative groups. Furthermore, the four key molecules were coordinately and simultaneously expressed in SCLC cells. An IHC study of ASCL1-positive samples showed many candidate SCLC target molecules, and IHC could become an essential method for determining SCLC molecular subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younosuke Sato
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.); (N.K.); (A.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Isamu Okamoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (I.O.); (Y.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Hiroki Kameyama
- Department of Medical Examination, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan;
| | - Shinji Kudoh
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.); (N.K.); (A.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Haruki Saito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.); (N.K.); (A.N.); (R.S.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Mune Sanada
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.); (N.K.); (A.N.); (R.S.)
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan;
| | - Noritaka Kudo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.); (N.K.); (A.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Joeji Wakimoto
- National Hospital Organization Minami-Kyushu National Hospital, Kagoshima 899-5293, Japan;
| | - Kosuke Fujino
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan;
| | - Yuki Ikematsu
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (I.O.); (Y.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (I.O.); (Y.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Ayako Nishikawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.); (N.K.); (A.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Ryo Sakaguchi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.); (N.K.); (A.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Takaaki Ito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (M.S.); (N.K.); (A.N.); (R.S.)
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21
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Long non-coding RNAs in lung cancer: implications for lineage plasticity-mediated TKI resistance. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1983-2000. [PMID: 33170304 PMCID: PMC7965852 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03691-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of targeted therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been impeded by various mechanisms of resistance. Besides the mutations in targeted oncogenes, reversible lineage plasticity has recently considered to play a role in the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) resistance in NSCLC. Lineage plasticity enables cells to transfer from one committed developmental pathway to another, and has been a trigger of tumor adaptation to adverse microenvironment conditions including exposure to various therapies. More importantly, besides somatic mutation, lineage plasticity has also been proposed as another source of intratumoural heterogeneity. Lineage plasticity can drive NSCLC cells to a new cell identity which no longer depends on the drug-targeted pathway. Histological transformation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition are two well-known pathways of lineage plasticity-mediated TKI resistance in NSCLC. In the last decade, increased re-biopsy practice upon disease recurrence has increased the recognition of lineage plasticity induced resistance in NSCLC and has improved our understanding of the underlying biology. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), the dark matter of the genome, are capable of regulating variant malignant processes of NSCLC like the invisible hands. Recent evidence suggests that lncRNAs are involved in TKI resistance in NSCLC, particularly in lineage plasticity-mediated resistance. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of lncRNAs in regulating lineage plasticity and TKI resistance in NSCLC. We also discuss how understanding these themes can alter therapeutic strategies, including combination therapy approaches to overcome TKI resistance.
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22
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Zhu J, Zhu Z, Cai P, Gu Z, Wang J. Bladder cancer-associated transcript 2 contributes to nephroblastoma progression. J Gene Med 2020; 24:e3292. [PMID: 33142356 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephroblastoma is a common pediatric kidney tumor. Existing evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be associated with tumorigenesis such as nephroblastoma. However, the contribution of lncRNA bladder cancer-associated transcript 2 (BLACAT2) to tumorigenesis and postoperative nephroblastoma prognosis remains unknown. METHODS A total of 50 pairs of patient nephroblastoma and corresponding adjacent non-tumorous tissues were analyzed for BLACAT2 expression. The underlying roles of BLACAT2 in nephroblastoma cells were also investigated. BLACAT2 level was detected in four nephroblastoma cell lines and normal cell line NGC-407 using quantitative real-time PCR. The potential influence of BLACAT2 on nephroblastoma cells was explored based on RNA interference technology in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the miRNA targeted by BLACAT2 and its target gene were predicted and verified. RESULTS BLACAT2 silencing suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, and tumor growth in vivo and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, BLACAT2 could directly bind to miR-504-3p, thereby decreasing miR-504-3p expression. In addition, the impact of miR-504-3p on proliferation, colony formation, and nephroblastoma cell apoptosis was reversed by BLACAT2. Wnt11 was identified as a target of miR-504-3p. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that a novel BLACAT2/miR-504-3p/Wnt11 axis is associated with nephroblastoma, where BLACAT2 is able to sponge miR-504-3p to down-regulate Wnt11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Cai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhicheng Gu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
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23
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Wang J, Gong M, Zuo S, Xu J, Paul C, Li H, Liu M, Wang YG, Ashraf M, Xu M. WNT11-Conditioned Medium Promotes Angiogenesis through the Activation of Non-Canonical WNT-PKC-JNK Signaling Pathway. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1277. [PMID: 33137935 PMCID: PMC7694138 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We demonstrated that the transduction of Wnt11 into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (MSCWnt11) promotes these cells differentiation into cardiac phenotypes. In the present study, we investigated the paracrine effects of MSCWnt11 on cardiac function and angiogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Conditioned medium was collected from MSCWnt11 (CdMWnt11) and their control cells (CdMGFP). CdMWnt11, especially obtained from MSCWnt11 exposed to hypoxia, significantly promoted human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) migration and increased capillary-like tube (CLT) formation, which was blocked by Wnt11 neutralizing antibody. Wnt11 protein was significantly higher in CdMWnt11 compared to that in CdMGFP. Directly treating HUVECs with recombinant Wnt11 protein significantly increased CLT formation, which was abrogated by treating cells with the JNK inhibitor SP600125, as well as the PKC inhibitor Calphostin-C. Moreover, the transfection of Wnt11 to HUVECs (HWnt11) significantly increased CLT formation and HUVEC migration, as well as upregulated p-pan-PKC and p-JNK expression. Injection of CdMWnt11 into the peri-infarct region in a rat acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model significantly improved cardiac function, reduced infarct size, and increased myocardial blood flow and blood vessel density in the ischemic area. CONCLUSION Wnt11 released from MSCWnt11 increased angiogenesis and improved cardiac function via non-canonical Wnt-PKC-JNK dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (J.W.); (M.G.); (S.Z.); (J.X.); (C.P.); (H.L.); (M.L.); (Y.-G.W.); (M.A.)
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24
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Motylewska E, Braun M, Stępień H. High Expression of NEK2 and PIM1, but Not PIM3, Is Linked to an Aggressive Phenotype of Bronchopulmonary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Endocr Pathol 2020; 31:264-273. [PMID: 32504181 PMCID: PMC7395916 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-020-09629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulations of the NEK2 and PIM1-3 kinase signaling axes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers, including those with a neuroendocrine phenotype. However, their impact on bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (BP-NENs) has not been investigated. The aim of this pilot study was to determine mRNA and protein levels of NEK2, PIM1, and PIM3 in a group of 49 patients with BP-NENs: 11 typical carcinoids, 5 atypical carcinoids, 11 large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, 22 small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC). The expression was measured using TaqMan-based RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. NEK2 and PIM1 mRNA levels were higher in the SCLC patients than in the other BP-NEN groups (p < 0.001). There was an association between NEK2 mRNA and protein expression (p = 0.023) and elevated NEK2 mRNA levels were related to reduced survival in BP-NEN patients (p = 0.015). Patients with higher PIM1 protein expression had also diminished survival comparing with those with weak or no PIM1 expression (p = 0.037). Elevated NEK2 and PIM1 expression were related to aggressive tumor phenotype and indirectly affected the overall survival of BP-NEN patients. Our pilot study supports the need for future investigation of the biological function of NEK2 and PIM1 in BP-NEN transformation to verify the clinical value of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Motylewska
- Department of Immunoendocrinology, Chair of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marcin Braun
- Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213, Lodz, Poland
| | - Henryk Stępień
- Department of Immunoendocrinology, Chair of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213, Lodz, Poland
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25
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Significance of achaete-scute complex homologue 1 (ASCL1) in pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas; RNA sequence analyses using small cell lung cancer cells and Ascl1-induced pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 153:443-456. [PMID: 32170367 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ASCL1 is one of the master transcription factors of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). To investigate the significance of ASCL1 in pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma, we performed 2 comparative RNA-seq studies between H69 (ASCL1-positive, classical type SCLC) and H69AR (ASCL1-negative, variant type SCLC) and between ASCL1-transfected A549 adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549(ASCL1+) cell lines) and A549(control) cell lines. RNA-seq analyses revealed that 940 genes were significantly different between the H69 and H69AR cell lines, and 728 between the A549(ASCL1+) and A549(control) cell lines. In total, 120 common genes between these analyses were selected as candidate ASCL1-related genes, and included genes with various cellular functions, such as neural development, secretion, growth, and morphology. Their expression degrees in three classical and two variant SCLC cell lines, two A549(ASCL1+) and two A549(control) cell lines were subjected to quantitative PCR analyses. Since the candidate ASCL1-related genes were strongly expressed in the classical SCLC and A549(ASCL1+) cell lines and more weakly expressed in the variant SCLC and A549(control) cell lines, the ASCL1-related 7 molecules INSM1, ISL1, SYT4, KCTD16, SEZ6, MS4A8, and COBL were further selected. These molecules suggested diverse functions for A549(ASCL1+): INSM1 and ISL1 are transcription factors associated with neuroendocrine differentiation, while SYT4, KTCD16, and SEZ6 may be related to neurosecretory functions and MS4A8 and COBL to cell growth and morphology. An immunohistochemistry of these seven molecules was performed on lung carcinoma tissues and the xenotransplanted tumors of A549(ASCL1+), and they were preferentially and positively stained in ASCL1-postive tumor tissues.
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