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Peng H, Du F, Wang J, Wu Y, Wei Q, Chen A, Duan Y, Shi S, Zhang J, Yu S. Adipose-Derived Stem-Cell-Membrane-Coated PLGA-PEI Nanoparticles Promote Wound Healing via Efficient Delivery of miR-21. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:1113. [PMID: 39339150 PMCID: PMC11434648 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
miRNAs have been shown to be involved in the regulation of a variety of physiological and pathological processes, but their use in the treatment of diseases is still limited due to their instability. Biomimetic nanomaterials combine nanomaterials with cellular components that are readily modifiable and biocompatible, making them an emerging miRNA delivery vehicle. In this study, adipose-derived MSC membranes were wrapped around PLGA-PEI loaded with miR-21 through co-extrusion and later transplanted into C57BL/6 mice wounds. The wound-healing rate, epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition were assessed after treatment and corroborated in vitro. Our study demonstrated that m/NP/miR-21 can promote wound healing in terms of epithelialization, dermal reconstruction, and neovascularization, and it can regulate the corresponding functions of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells. m/NP/miR-21 can inhibit the expression of PTEN, a gene downstream of miR-21, and increase the phosphorylation activation of AKT, which can then regulate the functions of fibroblasts. In conclusion, this provides a new approach to therapy for skin wounds using microRNA transporters and biomimetic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Fangzhou Du
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Qian Wei
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Aoying Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Yuhan Duan
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Shuaiguang Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Jingzhong Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
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Liu B, Li C, Bo Y, Tian G, Yang L, Si J, Zhang L, Yan Y. Let‑7f‑5p Regulated by Hsa_circ_0000437 Ameliorates Bleomycin-Induced Skin Fibrosis. J Cell Biochem 2024:e30629. [PMID: 39004898 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The current treatment of skin fibrosis is limited in its effectiveness due to a lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Previous research has shown a connection between microRNAs (miRNAs) and the development of skin fibrosis. Therefore, investigating miRNA for the treatment of skin fibrotic diseases is highly important and merits further exploration. In this study, we have discovered that let-7f-5p could suppress the proliferation, migration, and expression of collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). It was further determined that let-7f-5p could target thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), thereby inhibiting the TGF-β2/Smad3 signaling pathway and exerting its biological effects. Additionally, let-7f-5p is regulated by Hsa_circ_0000437, which acts as a sponge molecule for let-7f-5p and consequently regulates the biological function of HDFs. Furthermore, our findings indicate that in vivo overexpression of let-7f-5p leads to a reduction in dermal thickness and COL1A1 expression, effectively inhibiting the progression of bleomycin (BLM)-induced skin fibrosis in mice. Hence, our research enhances the comprehension of the Hsa_circ_0000437/let-7f-5p/THBS1/TGF-β2/Smad3 regulatory network, highlighting the potential of let-7f-5p as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of skin fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiting Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Guiping Tian
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Si
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- GDMPA Key Laboratory of Key Technologies for Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- GDMPA Key Laboratory of Key Technologies for Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Saadh MJ, Mahdi MS, Allela OQB, Alazzawi TS, Ubaid M, Rakhimov NM, Athab ZH, Ramaiah P, Chinnasamy L, Alsaikhan F, Farhood B. Critical role of miR-21/exosomal miR-21 in autophagy pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155275. [PMID: 38643552 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Activation of autophagy, a process of cellular stress response, leads to the breakdown of proteins, organelles, and other parts of the cell in lysosomes, and can be linked to several ailments, such as cancer, neurological diseases, and rare hereditary syndromes. Thus, its regulation is very carefully monitored. Transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms domestically or in whole organisms utilized to control the autophagic activity, have been heavily researched. In modern times, microRNAs (miRNAs) are being considered to have a part in post-translational orchestration of the autophagic activity, with miR-21 as one of the best studied miRNAs, it is often more than expressed in cancer cells. This regulatory RNA is thought to play a major role in a plethora of processes and illnesses including growth, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation. Different studies have suggested that a few autophagy-oriented genes, such as PTEN, Rab11a, Atg12, SIPA1L2, and ATG5, are all targeted by miR-21, indicating its essential role in the regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | | | | | - Tuqa S Alazzawi
- College of dentist, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Nodir M Rakhimov
- Department of Oncology, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Department of Oncology, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Zainab H Athab
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | | | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia jSchool of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Dai S, Xu M, Pang Q, Sun J, Lin X, Chu X, Guo C, Xu J. Hypoxia macrophage-derived exosomal miR-26b-5p targeting PTEN promotes the development of keloids. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkad036. [PMID: 38434721 PMCID: PMC10905499 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Background Hypoxia is the typical characteristic of keloids. The development of keloids is closely related to the abnormal phenotypic transition of macrophages. However, the role of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from hypoxic macrophages in keloids remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of hypoxic macrophage-derived exosomes (HMDE) in the occurrence and development of keloids and identify the critical miRNA. Methods The expression of CD206+ M2 macrophage in keloids and normal skin tissues was examined through immunofluorescence. The polarization of macrophages under a hypoxia environment was detected through flow cytometry. The internalization of macrophage-derived exosomes in human keloid fibroblasts (HKFs) was detected using a confocal microscope. miRNA sequencing was used to explore the differentially expressed miRNAs in exosomes derived from the normoxic and hypoxic macrophage. Subsequently, the dual-luciferase reporter assay verified that phosphatase and tension homolog (PTEN) was miR-26b-5p's target. The biological function of macrophage-derived exosomes, miR-26b-5p and PTEN were detected using the CCK-8, wound-healing and Transwell assays. Western blot assay was used to confirm the miR-26b-5p's underlying mechanisms and PTEN-PI3K/AKT pathway. Results We demonstrated that M2-type macrophages were enriched in keloids and that hypoxia treatment could polarize macrophages toward M2-type. Compared with normoxic macrophages-derived exosomes (NMDE), HMDE promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of HKFs. A total of 38 differential miRNAs (18 upregulated and 20 downregulated) were found between the NMDE and HMDE. miR-26b-5p was enriched in HMDE, which could be transmitted to HKFs. According to the results of the functional assay, exosomal miR-26b-5p produced by macrophages facilitated HKFs' migration, invasion and proliferation via the PTEN-PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusions The highly expressed miR-26b-5p in HMDE promotes the development of keloids via the PTEN-PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siya Dai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingyuan Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Pang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Ningbo Second Hospital, 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, 158 Shangtang Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyi Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghong Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, China
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Chen S, Zhang W, Xia Z, Xie J, Li Z, Liu Z, Yu N, Wang X. MicroRNAs Associated with Keloids Identified by Microarray Analysis and In Vitro Experiments. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01058-0. [PMID: 38393632 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01058-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in gene regulation and the development of keloid. This research aimed to identify and verify miRNAs associated with keloids by microarray analysis and in vitro experiments, shedding light on seeking for potential therapeutic molecular targets. In this study, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed based on the GSE113620. The key miRNA module most relevant to the keloid was further screened to identify hub miRNAs, and then hub miRNAs was verified by the microarray analysis and qRT-PCR experiments. Additionally, targeted genes of hub miRNAs were predicted and verified. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis were also conducted. Five miRNA modules were divided, and the blue module exhibited the highest correlation with keloids. Then, hsa-miR-127-3p, hsa-miR-214-3p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-409-5p, and hsa-miR-542-5p were identified as the hub miRNAs. Subsequently, the microarray analysis and qRT-PCR results demonstrated that the expression of five miRNAs were upregulated in keloid tissues. The GO analysis revealed that the target genes of these miRNAs were mainly enriched in biological processes including gene transcription, protein phosphorylation and the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) cascade, and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway were significantly enriched. In conclusion, these five miRNAs (hsa-miR-127-3p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-214-3p, hsa-miR-409-5p, and hsa-miR-542-5p) play vital roles in the pathogenesis of keloid and might be potential therapeutic targets. These miRNAs might regulate genes enriched in gene transcription, protein phosphorylation, the MAPK cascade, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichao Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Peking Union Medical college Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Peking Union Medical college Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zenan Xia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Peking Union Medical college Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangmiao Xie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Peking Union Medical college Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijin Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Peking Union Medical college Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zeming Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nanze Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Peking Union Medical college Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Department of International Medical Service, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Peking Union Medical college Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Su L, Han J. Non-coding RNAs in hypertrophic scars and keloids: Current research and clinical relevance: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128334. [PMID: 38007032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars (HS) and keloids (KD) are lesions that develop as a result of excessive fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition in response to dermal injury, leading to dysregulation of the inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases during wound healing. HS and KD affect up to 90 % of the population and are associated with lower quality of life, physical health, and mental status in patients. Efficient targeted treatment represents a significant challenge, primarily due to our limited understanding of their underlying pathogenesis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which constitute a significant portion of the human transcriptome with minimal or no protein-coding capacity, have been implicated in various cellular physiologies and pathologies and may serve as diagnostic indicators or therapeutic targets. NcRNAs have been found to be aberrantly expressed and regulated in HS and KD. This review provides a summary of the expression profiles and molecular mechanisms of three common ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in HS and KD. It also discusses their potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases and provides novel insights into epigenetic-based diagnosis and treatment strategies for HS and KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Su
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Juntao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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Xie L, Huang L, Zhang G, Su Y. Inhibition of keloid by 32P isotope radiotherapy through suppressing TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:11985-11993. [PMID: 37910782 PMCID: PMC10683590 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keloid seriously affects the appearance, and is accompanied by some symptoms including pain, burning, itching. Radioactive nuclides such as 32P have been proved to be effective in inhibiting the formation of keloid, but the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS The keloid animal model was established through keloid tissues implantation. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Masson staining were performed to investigate histological changes and collagen deposition. The mRNA and protein expression were assessed using RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Cell apoptosis and cycle were evaluated through flow cytometry. RESULTS Both 32P isotope injection and skin path significantly reduced the size of keloid, and inhibited TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. SRI-011381, the agonist of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, markedly reversed the influence of 32P isotope on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell cycle of LNCaP cells and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS 32P isotope injection and skin path greatly reduced the size of keloid, and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway was remarkably inhibited by 32P isotope treatment. The regulation of dermal fibroblast by 32P isotope was reversed by SRI-011381. 32P isotope might inhibit keloid through suppressing TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Our study provides a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Liqun Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Guanjie Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yingrui Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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8
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Zhang M, Chen H, Qian H, Wang C. Characterization of the skin keloid microenvironment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:207. [PMID: 37587491 PMCID: PMC10428592 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids are a fibroproliferative skin disorder that develops in people of all ages. Keloids exhibit some cancer-like behaviors, with similar genetic and epigenetic modifications in the keloid microenvironment. The keloid microenvironment is composed of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, immune cells, stem cells and collagen fibers. Recent advances in the study of keloids have led to novel insights into cellular communication among components of the keloid microenvironment as well as potential therapeutic targets for treating keloids. In this review, we summarized the nature of genetic and epigenetic regulation in keloid-derived fibroblasts, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of keratinocytes, immune cell infiltration into keloids, the differentiation of keloid-derived stem cells, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition of vascular endothelial cells, extracellular matrix synthesis and remodeling, and uncontrolled angiogenesis in keloids with the aim of identifying new targets for therapeutic benefit. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwen Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Huan Qian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chen Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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El-Ganainy SO, Shehata AM, El-Mallah A, Abdallah D, Mohy El-Din MM. Geraniol suppresses tumour growth and enhances chemosensitivity of 5-fluorouracil on breast carcinoma in mice: involvement of miR-21/PTEN signalling. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023:rgad060. [PMID: 37379815 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in females worldwide. Phytochemicals are among the recent compelling approaches showing anticancer activity. Geraniol is a monoterpenoid showing anti-tumoral potential in cell lines. However, its exact mechanism in breast cancer has not been elucidated. In addition, the possible chemosenstizing effect of geraniol when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs in breast carcinoma has not been previously addressed. METHODS Therefore, the aim of the current work is to investigate the potential therapeutic as well as chemosensitizing effects of geraniol on breast carcinoma induced in mice through examination of tumour biomarkers and histopathology profile. KEY FINDINGS Results showed a prominent suppression of tumour growth following geraniol treatment. This was accompanied with miR-21 downregulation that subsequently upregulated PTEN and suppressed mTOR levels. Geraniol was also able to activate apoptosis and inhibit autophagy. Histopathological examination revealed high necrosis areas separating malignant cells in the geraniol-treated group. Combined geraniol and 5-fluorouracil treatment induced more than 82% inhibition of tumour rate, surpassing the effect of each drug alone. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that geraniol could represent a promising avenue for breast cancer treatment as well as a potential sensitizing agent when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar O El-Ganainy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Shehata
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Mallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dina Abdallah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Mohy El-Din
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Wang W, Zhao J, Zhang C, Zhang W, Jin M, Shao Y. Current advances in the selection of adjuvant radiotherapy regimens for keloid. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1043840. [DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1043840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a common benign skin tumor in the outpatient department, and patients are often accompanied by itching and pain. Since the pathogenesis is unknown, the effect of single method treatment is unsatisfactory, and therefore the recurrence rate is high. Therefore, comprehensive treatment is mostly used in clinical treatment. Adjuvant radiotherapy is currently one of the most effective treatments for keloid. After long-term clinical practice, brachytherapy and electron beam radiotherapy has increasingly become the gold standard of treatment, because brachytherapy provides more focused radiation treatment to focal tissue to significantly reduce recurrence rate, and better preserve normal tissue. With the development of new radiotherapy techniques, more options for the treatment of keloid. Currently, adjuvant radiotherapy has been widely recognized, but there is no consensus on the optimal protocol for adjuvant radiotherapy for keloids. This review provides a review of published treatment options and new radiotherapy techniques for adjuvant radiotherapy of keloids and gives a comprehensive evaluation for clinical treatment.
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Liu S, Yang H, Song J, Zhang Y, Abualhssain ATH, Yang B. Keloid: Genetic susceptibility and contributions of genetics and epigenetics to its pathogenesis. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1665-1675. [PMID: 36052657 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Keloid, characterized by fibroproliferative disorders of the skin, can be developed in people of different genders, ages, and ethnicities. Keloid can appear in any part of the body but are especially common on the earlobe, upper torso, and triangular muscle. The genetic heterogeneity and susceptibility of KD (keloid) vary among different races and ethnicities. Studies have found that multiple loci on multiple chromosomes are associated with the pathogenesis of KD, and specific gene variants may also be involved. Despite multiple investigations attempting to uncover the etiology of keloid formation, the genetic mechanism of keloid formation remains unknown. To establish a foundation for a better understanding of the genetics and epigenetics of keloids, we have evaluated and summarized current studies which are mostly related to heredity, genetic polymorphisms, predisposing gene, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNA. We also discussed the problems and potential of genetic and epigenetic investigations of keloids, with the goal of developing new therapeutic approaches to enhance the prognosis of keloid patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfei Liu
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinru Song
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Xia Y, Wang Y, Shan M, Hao Y, Liu H, Chen Q, Liang Z. Advances in the pathogenesis and clinical application prospects of tumor biomolecules in keloid. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac025. [PMID: 35769828 PMCID: PMC9233200 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Keloid scarring is a kind of pathological healing manifestation after skin injury and possesses various tumor properties, such as the Warburg effect, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), expression imbalances of apoptosis-related genes and the presence of stem cells. Abnormal expression of tumor signatures is critical to the initiation and operation of these effects. Although previous experimental studies have recognized the potential value of a single or several tumor biomolecules in keloids, a comprehensive evaluation system for multiple tumor signatures in keloid scarring is still lacking. This paper aims to summarize tumor biomolecules in keloids from the perspectives of liquid biopsy, genetics, proteomics and epigenetics and to investigate their mechanisms of action and feasibility from bench to bedside. Liquid biopsy is suitable for the early screening of people with keloids due to its noninvasive and accurate performance. Epigenetic biomarkers do not require changes in the gene sequence and their reversibility and tissue specificity make them ideal therapeutic targets. Nonetheless, given the ethnic specificity and genetic predisposition of keloids, more large-sample multicenter studies are indispensable for determining the prevalence of these signatures and for establishing diagnostic criteria and therapeutic efficacy estimations based on these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Youbin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Shan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhengyun Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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13
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Xia Y, Wang Y, Xiao Y, Shan M, Hao Y, Zhang L. Identification of a Diagnostic Signature and Immune Cell Infiltration Characteristics in Keloids. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:879461. [PMID: 35669563 PMCID: PMC9163372 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.879461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Keloid disorder is a recurrent fibroproliferative cutaneous tumor. Due to the lack of early identification of keloid patients before the formation of keloids, it is impossible to carry out pre-traumatic intervention and prevention for these patients. This led us to identify and determine signatures with diagnostic significance for keloids. Methods: Public series of matrix files were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were calculated from expression profiling data, and the diagnostic signature was identified by constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The diagnostic efficacy of the screened signature was assessed by employing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Furthermore, we calculated the proportion of different immune cells in the gene expression matrix microenvironment by the “ssGSEA” algorithm, and assessed the difference in immune cell abundance between keloids and control groups and the relationship between the signature and immune cell infiltration. Clinical keloid and normal skin tissues were collected, and the expression of the screened diagnostic signature was validated by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemical assay. Results: By screening the key genes in PPI, TGM2 was recognized and validated as a diagnostic signature and the infiltrating abundance of 10 immune cells was significantly correlated with TGM2 expression. Gene ontology enrichment analysis demonstrated that TGM2 and molecules interacting with it were mainly enriched in processes involving wound healing and collagen fiber organization. TGM2 correlated positively with HIF-1A (R = 0.82, p-value = 1.4e-05), IL6 (R = 0.62, p-value = 0.0053), and FN1 (R = 0.66, p-value = 0.0019). Besides, TGM2 was significantly upregulated in clinical keloid samples compared to normal skin tissues. Conclusion: TGM2 may serve as an auxiliary diagnostic indicator for keloids. However, the role of TGM2 in keloids has not been adequately reported in the current literature, which may provide a new direction for molecular studies of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Youbin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Youbin Wang,
| | - Yingjie Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengjie Shan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
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14
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Wang P, Hao P, Chen X, Li L, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhu L, Ying M, Han R, Wang L, Li X. Targeting HMGB1-NFκb Axis and miR-21 by Glycyrrhizin: Role in Amelioration of Corneal Injury in a Mouse Model of Alkali Burn. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:841267. [PMID: 35586052 PMCID: PMC9108160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.841267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a sight-threatening condition usually associated with various inflammatory settings including chemical injury. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is identified as an inflammatory alarmin in diverse tissue damage. Here, we evaluate the expression of HMGB1 and the consequences of its inhibition through its selective inhibitor glycyrrhizin (GLY) in alkali burn-induced corneal inflammation and neovascularization. GLY effectively attenuated alkali burn-induced HMGB1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, slit-lamp analysis, ink perfusion, H&E staining, and CD31 histochemical staining showed that GLY relieved corneal neovascularization, while GLY attenuated VEGF expression via inhibiting HMGB1/NF-κB/HIF-1α signal pathway. In addition, GLY treatment decreased the cytokine expression of CCL2 and CXCL5, accompanied by the reduction of their receptors of CCR2 and CXCR2. GLY diminished the inflammatory cell infiltration of the cornea, as well as reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Moreover, treatment with GLY reduced the degree of cornea opacity through inactivating extracellular HMGB1 function, which otherwise induces TGF-β1 release and myofibroblast differentiation. Furthermore, we found that GLY treatment attenuated the upregulation of miR-21 levels in alkali burned cornea; while inhibition of miR-21in keratocytes in vitro, significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation. Collectively, our results suggested that targeting HMGB1-NFκb axis and miR-21 by GLY could introduce a therapeutic approach to counter CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Wang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Hao
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Linghan Li
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongying Zhou
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Ying
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruifang Han
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xuan Li,
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15
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Xie J, Wu W, Zheng L, Lin X, Tai Y, Wang Y, Wang L. Roles of MicroRNA-21 in Skin Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:828627. [PMID: 35295323 PMCID: PMC8919367 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.828627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (miR-21), one of the early mammalian miRNAs identified, has been detected to be upregulated in multiple biological processes. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the potential values of miR-21 in cutaneous damage and skin wound healing, but lack of a review article to summarize the current evidence on this issue. Based on this review, relevant studies demonstrated that miR-21 played an essential role in wound healing by constituting a complex network with its targeted genes (i.e., PTEN, RECK. SPRY1/2, NF-κB, and TIMP3) and the cascaded signaling pathways (i.e., MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin/MMP-7, and TGF-β/Smad7-Smad2/3). The treatment effectiveness developed by miR-21 might be associated with the promotion of the fibroblast differentiation, the improvement of angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory, enhancement of the collagen synthesis, and the re-epithelialization of the wound. Currently, miRNA nanocarrier systems have been developed, supporting the feasibility clinical feasibility of such miR-21-based therapy. After further investigations, miR-21 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Weizhou Wu
- Department of Urology, Maoming People's Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Liying Zheng
- Postgraduate Pepartment, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Lin
- Department of Burn Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yuncheng Tai
- Department of Burn Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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16
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Zhang Z, Hu J, Ishihara M, Sharrow AC, Flora K, He Y, Wu L. The miRNA-21-5p Payload in Exosomes from M2 Macrophages Drives Tumor Cell Aggression via PTEN/Akt Signaling in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3005. [PMID: 35328425 PMCID: PMC8949275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment are important drivers of cancer metastasis. Exosomes play a critical role in the crosstalk between different cells by delivering microRNAs or other cargos. Whether exosomes derived from pro-tumorigenic M2 macrophages (M2-Exos) could modulate the metastatic behavior of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is unclear. This study found that M2-Exos promotes migration and invasion in RCC cells. Inhibiting miR-21-5p in M2-Exos significantly reversed their pro-metastatic effects on RCC cells in vitro and in the avian embryo chorioallantoic membrane in vivo tumor model. We further found that the pro-metastatic mechanism of miR-21-5p in M2-Exos is by targeting PTEN-3'UTR to regulate PTEN/Akt signaling. Taken together, our results demonstrate that M2-Exos carries miR-21-5p promote metastatic features of RCC cells through PTEN/Akt signaling. Reversing this could serve as a novel approach to control RCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.H.); (M.I.); (A.C.S.); (K.F.)
| | - Junhui Hu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.H.); (M.I.); (A.C.S.); (K.F.)
| | - Moe Ishihara
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.H.); (M.I.); (A.C.S.); (K.F.)
| | - Allison C. Sharrow
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.H.); (M.I.); (A.C.S.); (K.F.)
| | - Kailey Flora
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.H.); (M.I.); (A.C.S.); (K.F.)
| | - Yao He
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Lily Wu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.H.); (M.I.); (A.C.S.); (K.F.)
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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17
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Liu F, Li T, Zhan X. Silencing circular RNAPTPN12 promoted the growth of keloid fibroblasts by activating Wnt signaling pathway via targeting microRNA-21-5p. Bioengineered 2022; 13:3503-3515. [PMID: 35068324 PMCID: PMC8974207 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2029108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a skin disease marked by fibroplasia, and fibroblasts viability plays a considerable part in keloid. Our research was devoted to assessing the involvement and mechanism of circPTPN12 in keloid. The level of circPTPN12 and miR-21-5p was estimated by qRT-PCR in keloid tissues and cells. MTT analysis was devoted to evaluating the multiplication of keloid fibroblasts. Additionally, transwell assay was dedicated to verifying cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, keloid fibroblasts apoptosis level was assessed adopting flow cytometry, and the relevancy between miR-21-5p and circPTPN12, miR-21-5p, and SMAD7 was assessed by dual luciferase assay. Similarly, RIP and RNA pull-down assay verified the relevance between genes. Moreover, levels of SMAD7 and proteins concerned in Wnt signaling pathway were appraised by Western blot. The level of circPTPN12 declined in keloid. circPTPN12 knockout could enhance the multiplication, migration, invasion, and decline apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts. Indeed, miR-21-5p could be packed with circPTPN12 sponge, SMAD7 was downstream effect factor of miR-21-5p, and miR-21-5p inhibitors partially reversed the promoting effect of silencing circPTPN12 on keloid formation. Otherwise, the level of SMAD7 was adjusted by circPTPN12 and miR-21-5p. Silencing circPTPN12 targeted miR-21-5p and activated Wnt pathway to accelerate keloid fibroblasts growth. Taken together, silencing circPTPN12 promotes the growth of keloid fibroblasts by activating Wnt pathway targeting miR-21-5p. CircPTPN12 may play a considerable part in keloid formation, which supplies a reference for molecularly targeted therapy keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoan Zhan
- Oncology Surgery, Zhejiang Jinhua Guangfu Tumor Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
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18
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Stevenson AW, Deng Z, Allahham A, Prêle CM, Wood FM, Fear MW. The epigenetics of keloids. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1099-1114. [PMID: 34152651 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Keloid scarring is a fibroproliferative disorder of the skin with unknown pathophysiology, characterised by fibrotic tissue that extends beyond the boundaries of the original wound. Therapeutic options are few and commonly ineffective, with keloids very commonly recurring even after surgery and adjunct treatments. Epigenetics, defined as alterations to the DNA not involving the base-pair sequence, is a key regulator of cell functions, and aberrant epigenetic modifications have been found to contribute to many pathologies. Multiple studies have examined many different epigenetic modifications in keloids, including DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. These studies have established that epigenetic dysregulation exists in keloid scars, and successful future treatment of keloids may involve reverting these aberrant modifications back to those found in normal skin. Here we summarise the clinical and experimental studies available on the epigenetics of keloids, discuss the major open questions and future perspectives on the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Stevenson
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zhenjun Deng
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Amira Allahham
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cecilia M Prêle
- Ear Science Centre, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Burns Service of Western Australia, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children and Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark W Fear
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Institute for Respiratory Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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19
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Zhang B, Chen G, Yang X, Fan T, Chen X, Chen Z. Dysregulation of MicroRNAs in Hypertrophy and Ossification of Ligamentum Flavum: New Advances, Challenges, and Potential Directions. Front Genet 2021; 12:641575. [PMID: 33912216 PMCID: PMC8075056 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.641575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological changes in the ligamentum flavum (LF) can be defined as a process of chronic progressive aberrations in the nature and structure of ligamentous tissues characterized by increased thickness, reduced elasticity, local calcification, or aggravated ossification, which may cause severe myelopathy, radiculopathy, or both. Hypertrophy of ligamentum flavum (HLF) and ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) are clinically common entities. Though accumulated evidence has indicated both genetic and environmental factors could contribute to the initiation and progression of HLF/OLF, the definite pathogenesis remains fully unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), one of the important epigenetic modifications, are short single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate protein-coding gene expression at posttranscriptional level, which can disclose the mechanism underlying diseases, identify valuable biomarkers, and explore potential therapeutic targets. Considering that miRNAs play a central role in regulating gene expression, we summarized current studies from the point of view of miRNA-related molecular regulation networks in HLF/OLF. Exploratory studies revealed a variety of miRNA expression profiles and identified a battery of upregulated and downregulated miRNAs in OLF/HLF patients through microarray datasets or transcriptome sequencing. Experimental studies validated the roles of specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-132-3p, miR-199b-5p in OLF, miR-155, and miR-21 in HLF) in regulating fibrosis or osteogenesis differentiation of LF cells and related target genes or molecular signaling pathways. Finally, we discussed the perspectives and challenges of miRNA-based molecular mechanism, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets of HLF/OLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoliang Zhang
- Orthopaedic Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- Orthopaedic Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- Orthopaedic Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Fan
- Orthopaedic Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Orthopaedic Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Orthopaedic Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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20
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McCann KJ, Yadav M, Alishahedani ME, Freeman AF, Myles IA. Differential responses to folic acid in an established keloid fibroblast cell line are mediated by JAK1/2 and STAT3. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248011. [PMID: 33662027 PMCID: PMC7932104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids are a type of disordered scar formation which not only show heterogeneity between individuals and within the scar itself, but also share common features of hyperproliferation, abnormal extra-cellular matrix deposition and degradation, as well as altered expression of the molecular markers of wound healing. Numerous reports have established that cells from keloid scars display Warburg metabolism—a form of JAK2/STAT3-induced metabolic adaptation typical of rapidly dividing cells in which glycolysis becomes the predominant source of ATP over oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Using the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib, along with cells from patients with STAT3 loss of function (STA3 LOF; autosomal dominant hyper IgE syndrome) we examined the role of JAK/STAT signaling in the hyperproliferation and metabolic dysregulation seen in keloid fibroblasts. Although ruxolitinib inhibited hyperactivity in the scratch assay in keloid fibroblasts, it paradoxically exacerbated the hyper-glycolytic state, possibly by further limiting OxPhos via alterations in mitochondrial phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3Ser727). In healthy volunteer fibroblasts, folic acid exposure recapitulated the exaggerated closure and hyper-glycolytic state of keloid fibroblasts through JAK1/2- and STAT3-dependent pathways. Although additional studies are needed before extrapolating from a representative cell line to keloids writ large, our results provide novel insights into the metabolic consequences of STAT3 dysfunction, suggest a possible role for folate metabolism in the pathogenesis of keloid scars, and offer in vitro pre-clinical data supporting considerations of clinical trials for ruxolitinib in keloid disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn J. McCann
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Manoj Yadav
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mohammadali E. Alishahedani
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alexandra F. Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ian A. Myles
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Wang B, Yin H, Zhang H, Wang T. circNRIP1 facilitates keloid progression via FXR1‑mediated upregulation of miR‑503‑3p and miR‑503‑5p. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:70. [PMID: 33649815 PMCID: PMC7952250 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular nuclear receptor interacting protein 1 (circNRIP1) is implicated in tumor initiation and progression; however, the underlying mechanism of keloid progression is unclear. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to characterize the contribution of circNRIP1 to keloid progression and evaluate the potential underlying molecular mechanisms using keloid-derived fibroblasts. The expression profile of circNRIP1 was confirmed in keloid tissue. The contribution of circNRIP1 to keloid progression was investigated via loss-of-function assays. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism by which circNRIP1 contributes to pre-microRNA (miR)-503 maturation through blocking Fbxo4-mediated Fragile-X mental retardation 1 (FXR1) ubiquitination was verified. Finally, the biological functions of FXR1, miR-503-3p, and miR-503-5p in keloid-derived fibroblast proliferation, apoptosis and extracellular matrix accumulation were confirmed. circNRIP1 was highly expressed in keloid tissue and keloid-derived fibroblasts. Functional analysis showed that circNRIP1 knockdown successfully blocked the proliferation and expression of extracellular matrix-associated proteins while increasing the rate of apoptosis in keloid-derived fibroblasts. Mechanistically, circNRIP1 maintained FXR1 stability by impeding Fbxo4-mediated FXR1 ubiquitination and degradation. Additionally, FXR1 increased the abundance of miR-503-3p and miR-503-5p by contributing to pre-miR-503 maturation. Knockdown of FXR1, miR-503-3p and miR-503-5p also inhibited proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation in keloid-derived fibroblasts and increased levels of cell apoptosis. Collectively, the present study confirmed that circNRIP1 contributed to pre-miR-503 maturation via blocking Fbxo4-mediated FXR1 ubiquitination and degradation, which facilitates keloid progression. These results indicate that circNRIP1 has potential as a novel therapeutic target for the control and/or treatment of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277100, P.R. China
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277100, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277100, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277100, P.R. China
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Xu L, Sun N, Li G, Liu L. LncRNA H19 promotes keloid formation through targeting the miR-769-5p/EIF3A pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1477-1487. [PMID: 33389493 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Keloid is a skin disease characterized by fibrous hyperplasia, which is often difficult to cure. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be associated with the development of many diseases. However, the role and mechanism of lncRNA H19 in keloid has been less studied. Our study found that lncRNA H19 expression was increased in keloid tissues and fibroblasts. Besides, H19 knockdown hindered the proliferation, migration, invasion, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and enhanced the apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts. Further experiments showed that microRNA (miR)-769-5p could be sponged by H19, and its knockdown reversed the suppression effect of H19 knockdown on keloid formation. Eukaryotic initiation factor 3A (EIF3A) was found to be a target of miR-769-5p, and its overexpression inverted the inhibition effect of miR-769-5p overexpression on keloid formation. Moreover, the expression of EIF3A was regulated by H19 and miR-769-5p in keloid fibroblasts. Collectively, LncRNA H19 might play an active role in keloid formation, which might provide a new target for the treatment of keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingang Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guangshuai Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Linbo Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Lv W, Ren Y, Hou K, Hu W, Yi Y, Xiong M, Wu M, Wu Y, Zhang Q. Epigenetic modification mechanisms involved in keloid: current status and prospect. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:183. [PMID: 33243301 PMCID: PMC7690154 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00981-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid, a common dermal fibroproliferative disorder, is benign skin tumors characterized by the aggressive fibroblasts proliferation and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. However, common therapeutic approaches of keloid have limited effectiveness, emphasizing the momentousness of developing innovative mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Epigenetics, representing the potential link of complex interactions between genetics and external risk factors, is currently under intense scrutiny. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that multiple diverse and reversible epigenetic modifications, represented by DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), play a critical role in gene regulation and downstream fibroblastic function in keloid. Importantly, abnormal epigenetic modification manipulates multiple behaviors of keloid-derived fibroblasts, which served as the main cellular components in keloid skin tissue, including proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and differentiation. Here, we have reviewed and summarized the present available clinical and experimental studies to deeply investigate the expression profiles and clarify the mechanisms of epigenetic modification in the progression of keloid, mainly including DNA methylation, histone modification, and ncRNAs (miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA). Besides, we also provide the challenges and future perspectives associated with epigenetics modification in keloid. Deciphering the complicated epigenetic modification in keloid is hopeful to bring novel insights into the pathogenesis etiology and diagnostic/therapeutic targets in keloid, laying a foundation for optimal keloid ending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchang Lv
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Yuping Ren
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Hou
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Weijie Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Yi
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Mingchen Xiong
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yiping Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
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24
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Lin YF, Shueng PW, Roan TL, Chang DH, Yu YC, Chang CW, Kuo AT, Chen YS, Hsiao HW, Tien HJ, Hsieh CH. Tomotherapy as an Alternative Irradiative Treatment for Complicated Keloids. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113732. [PMID: 33233784 PMCID: PMC7699841 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment of complicated keloids with helical tomotherapy (HT) and electron beam radiotherapy. From July 2018 to September 2018, 11 patients with 23 keloid lesions treated with HT were enrolled. Additionally, 11 patients with 20 lesions treated with electron beam radiotherapy in the same period were enrolled. Patients in both groups were treated within 24 h after surgical excision of the keloid lesion with 13.5 Gy in three consecutive daily fractions. The median follow-up period was 15 months. The local control rate was 91.3% and 80% in the HT group and the electron beam group, respectively. No acute adverse effects were observed in either group, but most patients exhibited pigmentation. No radiation-induced cancer occurred in these patients up to the time of this report. Pain and pruritus improved for all patients and more obviously for three patients with complicated keloids treated with HT. The measured surface dose was 103.7–112.5% and 92.8–97.6% of the prescribed dose in the HT group and the electron beam group, respectively. HT can be considered an alternative in cases where it is not feasible to use multiple electron fields, due to encouraging clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Lin
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (Y.-F.L.); (P.-W.S.); (H.-W.H.); (H.-J.T.)
| | - Pei-Wei Shueng
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (Y.-F.L.); (P.-W.S.); (H.-W.H.); (H.-J.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Tyng-Luen Roan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (T.-L.R.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-W.C.); (A.-T.K.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Dun-Hao Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (T.-L.R.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-W.C.); (A.-T.K.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Yen-Chen Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (T.-L.R.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-W.C.); (A.-T.K.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Che-Wei Chang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (T.-L.R.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-W.C.); (A.-T.K.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - An-Ta Kuo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (T.-L.R.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-W.C.); (A.-T.K.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Yo-Shen Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (T.-L.R.); (D.-H.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-W.C.); (A.-T.K.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Hsiu-Wen Hsiao
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (Y.-F.L.); (P.-W.S.); (H.-W.H.); (H.-J.T.)
| | - Hui-Ju Tien
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (Y.-F.L.); (P.-W.S.); (H.-W.H.); (H.-J.T.)
| | - Chen-Hsi Hsieh
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (Y.-F.L.); (P.-W.S.); (H.-W.H.); (H.-J.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or
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25
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Jiang D, Guo B, Lin F, Lin S, Tao K. miR-205 inhibits the development of hypertrophic scars by targeting THBS1. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22046-22058. [PMID: 33186919 PMCID: PMC7695429 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that miRNAs are involved in the growth and development of hypertrophic scars. However, the specific mechanism of miR-205 is unclear. Here, we investigated the relationship between miR-205, thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) expression, and hypertrophic scars, and showed that miR-205 inhibits cell proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis. Double luciferase analysis, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that miR-205 downregulates THBS1 expression and activity. Compared to the control group, miR-205 inhibited hypertrophic scar development. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the miR-205-THBS1 pathway as a promising therapeutic target for reducing hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwen Jiang
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, P.R.China
- Graduate School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, P.R.China
| | - Bingyu Guo
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, P.R.China
| | - Feng Lin
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, P.R.China
| | - Shixiu Lin
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, P.R.China
| | - Kai Tao
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, P.R.China
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26
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Ekstein SF, Wyles SP, Moran SL, Meves A. Keloids: a review of therapeutic management. Int J Dermatol 2020; 60:661-671. [PMID: 32905614 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Keloid scar formation arises from a disorganized fibroproliferative collagen response that extends beyond the original wound margins because of excessive production of extracellular matrix (ECM). Despite treatment options for keloid scars including medical and surgical therapies, such as intralesional steroid injection and surgical excision, the recurrence rate remains high. Herein we consolidate recently published narrative reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses to provide an overview of updated treatment recommendations for keloidal scar formation. PubMed search engine was used to access the MEDLINE database to investigate updates regarding keloid incidence and treatment. More than 100 articles were reviewed. Keloid management remains a multimodal approach. There continues to be no gold standard of treatment that provides a consistently low recurrence rate; however, the increasing number of available treatments and synergistic combinations of these treatments (i.e., laser-based devices in combination with intralesional steroids, or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with steroid therapy) is showing favorable results. Future studies could target the efficacy of novel treatment modalities (i.e., autologous fat grafting or stem cell-based therapies) for keloid management. This review article provides updated treatment guidelines for keloids and discusses insight into management to assist patient-focused, evidence-based clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel F Ekstein
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Steven L Moran
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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27
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Ashrafizadeh M, Najafi M, Mohammadinejad R, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. Flaming the fight against cancer cells: the role of microRNA-93. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:277. [PMID: 32612456 PMCID: PMC7325196 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been attempts to develop novel anti-tumor drugs in cancer therapy. Although satisfying results have been observed at a consequence of application of chemotherapeutic agents, the cancer cells are capable of making resistance into these agents. This has forced scientists into genetic manipulation as genetic alterations are responsible for generation of a high number of cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRs) are endogenous, short non-coding RNAs that affect target genes at the post-transcriptional level. Increasing evidence reveals the potential role of miRs in regulation of biological processes including angiogenesis, metabolism, cell proliferation, cell division, and cell differentiation. Abnormal expression of miRs is associated with development of a number of pathologic events, particularly cancer. MiR-93 plays a significant role in both physiological and pathological mechanisms. At the present review, we show how this miR dually affects the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. Besides, we elucidate the oncogenesis or oncosuppressor function of miR-93.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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28
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Searle T, Ali FR, Al-Niaimi F. The role of pharmacogenetics in keloid scar treatment: A literature review. Scars Burn Heal 2020; 6:2059513120941704. [PMID: 32922964 PMCID: PMC7446553 DOI: 10.1177/2059513120941704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of keloid scars is still not fully understood and a universally reliable effective treatment has not been identified. Pharmacogenetics explores how drug response to a particular therapy can relate to genetic variations. PURPOSE To investigate how pharmacogenetics could be applied to keloid scars and the relevance of this to clinical practice. METHODS We reviewed the literature and discuss our current knowledge of pharmacogenomics in the treatment of keloid scars. A literature search was performed using the terms 'Pharmacogenetics', 'Pharmacogenomics', 'Keloid' and 'Scar'. We searched the PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to find the relevant articles. Only articles in English were chosen. The level of evidence was evaluated and selected accordingly listing the studies with the highest level of evidence first. RESULTS Treatments including corticosteroid injections and 5-fluorouracil can be effective in some patients, but less so in others. Polymorphisms of the glucocorticoid receptor and variants of CCL2, YAP1, miR-21-5p and NF-κβ might be responsible for different responses to treatments used in keloid scars such as 5-fluorouracil. Small molecule inhibitors might be utilised to target other implicated genes. CONCLUSION Pharmacogenetics aims to produce the most efficacious patient outcomes while reducing adverse effects. Understanding the pharmacogenetics of keloid scars could lead to a new era of personalised medicine in the treatment of keloid scars. At present, there is some evidence (level 3b/4) to suggest genetic variations that are responsible to drug response in keloids, but further research in this field is required. LAY SUMMARY The varied response to similar therapeutic treatments in keloids has prompted the consideration of the role of genetic variants on response in the form of pharmacogenetics. Pharmacogenetics refers to drugs and their metabolism and action based on genetic influences. The ideal scenario would involve the selection of treatment based on the individual's specific genetic variants to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal toxicity. Some evidence currently points to genetic variations in some keloid patients that might be of relevance to the treating clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Searle
- University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Faisal R Ali
- Dermatological Surgery & Laser Unit, St John’s Institute of Dermatology, Guy’s Hospital Cancer Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Firas Al-Niaimi
- Dermatological Surgery & Laser Unit, St John’s Institute of Dermatology, Guy’s Hospital Cancer Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Dermatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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