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Dong H, He X, Zhang L, Chen W, Lin YC, Liu SB, Wang H, Nguyen LXT, Li M, Zhu Y, Zhao D, Ghoda L, Serody J, Vincent B, Luznik L, Gojo I, Zeidner J, Su R, Chen J, Sharma R, Pirrotte P, Wu X, Hu W, Han W, Shen B, Kuo YH, Jin J, Salhotra A, Wang J, Marcucci G, Luo YL, Li L. Targeting PRMT9-mediated arginine methylation suppresses cancer stem cell maintenance and elicits cGAS-mediated anticancer immunity. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:601-624. [PMID: 38413714 PMCID: PMC11056319 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00736-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Current anticancer therapies cannot eliminate all cancer cells, which hijack normal arginine methylation as a means to promote their maintenance via unknown mechanisms. Here we show that targeting protein arginine N-methyltransferase 9 (PRMT9), whose activities are elevated in blasts and leukemia stem cells (LSCs) from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), eliminates disease via cancer-intrinsic mechanisms and cancer-extrinsic type I interferon (IFN)-associated immunity. PRMT9 ablation in AML cells decreased the arginine methylation of regulators of RNA translation and the DNA damage response, suppressing cell survival. Notably, PRMT9 inhibition promoted DNA damage and activated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, which underlies the type I IFN response. Genetically activating cyclic GMP-AMP synthase in AML cells blocked leukemogenesis. We also report synergy of a PRMT9 inhibitor with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 in eradicating AML. Overall, we conclude that PRMT9 functions in survival and immune evasion of both LSCs and non-LSCs; targeting PRMT9 may represent a potential anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Dong
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Xin He
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Song-Bai Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huafeng Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Xuan Truong Nguyen
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Min Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yinghui Zhu
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Lucy Ghoda
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Serody
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Benjamin Vincent
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Computational Medicine Program, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leo Luznik
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ivana Gojo
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua Zeidner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Ritin Sharma
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Pirrotte
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Weidong Hu
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Weidong Han
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Binghui Shen
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Ya-Huei Kuo
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Amandeep Salhotra
- Department of Hematology and HCT, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Hematology and HCT, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yun Lyna Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
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Meyer A, Stelloh C, Zhu N, Rao S. Cohesin loss and MLL-AF9 are not synthetic lethal in murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3894962. [PMID: 38352423 PMCID: PMC10862952 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3894962/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Objective As cohesin mutations are rarely found in MLL-rearranged acute myeloid leukemias, we investigated the potential synthetic lethality between cohesin mutations and MLL-AF9 using murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Results Contrary to our hypothesis, a complete loss of Stag2 or haploinsufficiency of Smc3 were well tolerated in MLL-AF9-expressing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Minimal effect of cohesin subunit loss on the in vitro self-renewal of MLL-AF9-expressing cells was observed. Despite the differing mutational landscapes of cohesin-mutated and MLL fusion AMLs, previous studies showed that cohesin and MLL fusion mutations similarly drive abnormal self-renewal through HOXA gene upregulation. The utilization of a similar mechanism suggests that little selective pressure exists for the acquisition of cohesin mutations in AMLs expressing MLL fusions, explaining their lack of co-occurrence. Our results emphasize the importance of using genetic models to test suspected synthetic lethality and suggest that a lack of co-occurrence may instead point to a common mechanism of action between two mutations.
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Zhang L, Sahar AM, Li C, Chaudhary A, Yousaf I, Saeedah MA, Mubarak A, Haris M, Nawaz M, Reem MA, Ramadan FA, Mostafa AAM, Feng W, Hameed Y. A detailed multi-omics analysis of GNB2 gene in human cancers. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e260169. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The Guanine-nucleotide binding protein 2 (GNB2) encodes for β2 subunit (Gβ2) of the G-protein complex. Keeping in view the increased demand of reliable biomarkers in cancer, the current study was planned to extensively explored GNB2 expression variation and its roles in different cancers using online available databases and diverse methodology. In view of our results, the GNB2 was notably up-regulated relative to corresponding controls in twenty three cancer types. As well, the elevated expression of GNB2 was found to be associated with the reduced overall survival (OS) of the Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC) and Rectum Adenocarcinoma (READ) only out of all analyzed cancer types. This implies GNB2 plays vital role in the tumorigenesis of LIHC and READ. Several additional analysis also explored six critical pathways and few important correlations related to GNB2 expression and different other parameters such as promoter methylation, tumor purity, CD8+ T immune cells infiltration, and genetic alteration, and chemotherapeutic drugs. In conclusion, GNB2 gene has been identified in this study as a shared potential biomarker (diagnostic and prognostic) of LIHC and READ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C. Li
- Sichuan University, PR China
| | | | - I. Yousaf
- Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - M. Haris
- Nowshera Medical College, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - W. Feng
- Sichuan University, PR China
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Sheng L, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Hua H. Analysis of the clinical characteristics and prognosis of adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia (none APL) with PTPN11 mutations. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230830. [PMID: 38025540 PMCID: PMC10655689 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We discuss the clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of adult individuals with PTPN11 mutations who have developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (none acute promyelocytic leukemia). Next generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to detect 51 gene mutations, and multiplex-PCR was used to detect 41 fusion genes from 232 de novo adult AML patients retrospectively. About 7.76% patients harbored PTPN11 mutations, 20 PTPN11 alterations were identified, all of which were missense mutations in the N-SH2 (n = 16) and PTP (n = 4) domains located in exon 3. Patients with PTPN11 mut had significantly higher platelet counts and hemoglobin levels (p < 0.001), which were mainly detected in M5 (n = 12, 66.67%, p < 0.001) subtype. Patients with MLL-AF6 positive showed a higher frequency of PTPN11 mut (p = 0.018) in the 118 AML cases. PTPN11 mut were accompanied by other mutations, which were NPM1 (44.44%), DNMT3A (38.89%), FLT3 (38.89%), and NRAS (17.2%). PTPN11 mut had a negative impact on the complete remission rate in M5 subtype patients (p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant effect on overall survival (OS) with PTPN11 mut patients in the whole cohort and age group (p > 0.05) was observed. Further analysis revealed no significant difference in OS among NPM1 mut/PTPN11 mut, NPM1 mut/PTPN11 wt, DNMT3A mut/PTPN11 mut, and DNMT3A mut/PTPN11 wt patients (p > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed the proportion of bone marrow blasts ≥65.4% was a factor significantly affecting OS in PTPN11 mut patients (p = 0.043).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sheng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yajiao Liu
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jingfen Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Haiying Hua
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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5
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Guo C, Gao YY, Li ZL. Predicting leukemic transformation in myelodysplastic syndrome using a transcriptomic signature. Front Genet 2023; 14:1235315. [PMID: 37953918 PMCID: PMC10634373 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1235315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: For prediction on leukemic transformation of MDS patients, emerging model based on transcriptomic datasets, exhibited superior predictive power to traditional prognostic systems. While these models were lack of external validation by independent cohorts, and the cell origin (CD34+ sorted cells) limited their feasibility in clinical practice. Methods: Transformation associated co-expressed gene cluster was derived based on GSE58831 ('WGCNA' package, R software). Accordingly, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was implemented to establish a scoring system (i.e., MDS15 score), using training set (GSE58831 originated from CD34+ cells) and testing set (GSE15061 originated from unsorted cells). Results: A total of 68 gene co-expression modules were derived, and the 'brown' module was recognized to be transformation-specific (R2 = 0.23, p = 0.005, enriched in transcription regulating pathways). After 50,000-times LASSO iteration, MDS15 score was established, including the 15-gene expression signature. The predictive power (AUC and Harrison's C index) of MDS15 model was superior to that of IPSS/WPSS in both training set (AUC/C index 0.749/0.777) and testing set (AUC/C index 0.933/0.86). Conclusion: By gene co-expression analysis, the crucial gene module was discovered, and a novel prognostic system (MDS15) was established, which was validated not only by another independent cohort, but by a different cell origin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhen-Ling Li
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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6
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Heuts BMH, Arza-Apalategi S, Alkema SG, Tijchon E, Jussen L, Bergevoet SM, van der Reijden BA, Martens JHA. Inducible MLL-AF9 Expression Drives an AML Program during Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Hematopoietic Differentiation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081195. [PMID: 37190104 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A t(9;11)(p22;q23) translocation produces the MLL-AF9 fusion protein, which is found in up to 25% of de novo AML cases in children. Despite major advances, obtaining a comprehensive understanding of context-dependent MLL-AF9-mediated gene programs during early hematopoiesis is challenging. Here, we generated a human inducible pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) model with a doxycycline dose-dependent MLL-AF9 expression. We exploited MLL-AF9 expression as an oncogenic hit to uncover epigenetic and transcriptomic effects on iPSC-derived hematopoietic development and the transformation into (pre-)leukemic states. In doing so, we observed a disruption in early myelomonocytic development. Accordingly, we identified gene profiles that were consistent with primary MLL-AF9 AML and uncovered high-confidence MLL-AF9-associated core genes that are faithfully represented in primary MLL-AF9 AML, including known and presently unknown factors. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we identified an increase of CD34 expressing early hematopoietic progenitor-like cell states as well as granulocyte-monocyte progenitor-like cells upon MLL-AF9 activation. Our system allows for careful chemically controlled and stepwise in vitro hiPSC-derived differentiation under serum-free and feeder-free conditions. For a disease that currently lacks effective precision medicine, our system provides a novel entry-point into exploring potential novel targets for personalized therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branco M H Heuts
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saioa Arza-Apalategi
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sinne G Alkema
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Tijchon
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Jussen
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia M Bergevoet
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert A van der Reijden
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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7
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Vaisband M, Schubert M, Gassner FJ, Geisberger R, Greil R, Zaborsky N, Hasenauer J. Validation of genetic variants from NGS data using deep convolutional neural networks. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:158. [PMID: 37081386 PMCID: PMC10116675 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate somatic variant calling from next-generation sequencing data is one most important tasks in personalised cancer therapy. The sophistication of the available technologies is ever-increasing, yet, manual candidate refinement is still a necessary step in state-of-the-art processing pipelines. This limits reproducibility and introduces a bottleneck with respect to scalability. We demonstrate that the validation of genetic variants can be improved using a machine learning approach resting on a Convolutional Neural Network, trained using existing human annotation. In contrast to existing approaches, we introduce a way in which contextual data from sequencing tracks can be included into the automated assessment. A rigorous evaluation shows that the resulting model is robust and performs on par with trained researchers following published standard operating procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Vaisband
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center; Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR); Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Maria Schubert
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center; Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR); Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Franz Josef Gassner
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center; Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR); Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Roland Geisberger
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center; Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR); Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Greil
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center; Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR); Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nadja Zaborsky
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center; Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR); Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jan Hasenauer
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Xie X, Zhang W, Zhou X, Ye Z, Wang H, Qiu Y, Pan Y, Hu Y, Li L, Chen Z, Yang W, Lu Y, Zou S, Li Y, Bai X. Abemaciclib drives the therapeutic differentiation of acute myeloid leukaemia stem cells. Br J Haematol 2023; 201:940-953. [PMID: 36916190 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Self-renewal and differentiation arrest are two features of leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) responsible for the high relapse rate of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). To screen drugs to overcome differentiation blockade for AML, we conducted screening of 2040 small molecules from a library of United States Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs and found that the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4/6 inhibitor, abemaciclib, exerts high anti-leukaemic activity. Abemaciclib significantly suppressed proliferation and promoted the differentiation of LSCs in vitro. Abemaciclib also efficiently induced differentiation and impaired self-renewal of LSCs, thus reducing the leukaemic cell burden and improving survival in various preclinical animal models, including patient-derived xenografts. Importantly, abemaciclib strongly enhanced anti-tumour effects in combination with venetoclax, a B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) inhibitor. This treatment combination led to a marked decrease in LSC-enriched populations and resulted in a synergistic anti-leukaemic effect. Target screening revealed that in addition to CDK4/6, abemaciclib bound to and inhibited CDK9, consequently attenuating the protein levels of global p-Ser2 RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) carboxy terminal domain (CTD), Myc, Bcl-2, and myeloid cell leukaemia-1 (Mcl-1), which was important for the anti-AML effect of abemaciclib. Collectively, these data provide a strong rationale for the clinical evaluation of abemaciclib to induce LSC differentiation and treat highly aggressive AML as well as other advanced haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Xie
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuju Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqi Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yating Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxing Hu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luyao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuanzhuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanwen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuxin Zou
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Zhang Z, Mi T, Jin L, Li M, Zhanghuang C, Wang J, Tan X, Lu H, Shen L, Long C, Wei G, He D. Comprehensive proteomic analysis of exosome mimetic vesicles and exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:312. [PMID: 35841000 PMCID: PMC9284776 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown to have effective application prospects in the medical field, but exosome yield is very low. The production of exosome mimetic vesicles (EMVs) by continuous cell extrusion leads to more EMVs than exosomes, but whether the protein compositions of MSC-derived EMVs (MSC-EMVs) and exosomes (MSC-exosomes) are substantially different remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive proteomic analysis of MSC-EMVs and MSC-exosomes and to simply explore the effects of exosomes and EMVs on wound healing ability. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of EMVs and exosomes. METHODS In this study, EMVs from human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC MSCs) were isolated by continuous extrusion, and exosomes were identified after hUC MSC ultracentrifugation. A proteomic analysis was performed, and 2315 proteins were identified. The effects of EMVs and exosomes on the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated by cell counting kit-8, scratch wound, transwell and tubule formation assays. A mouse mode was used to evaluate the effects of EMVs and exosomes on wound healing. RESULTS Bioinformatics analyses revealed that 1669 proteins in both hUC MSC-EMVs and hUC MSC-exosomes play roles in retrograde vesicle-mediated transport and vesicle budding from the membrane. The 382 proteins unique to exosomes participate in extracellular matrix organization and extracellular structural organization, and the 264 proteins unique to EMVs target the cell membrane. EMVs and exosomes can promote wound healing and angiogenesis in mice and promote the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a comprehensive proteomic analysis of hUC MSC-derived exosomes and EMVs generated by different methods. The tissue repair function of EMVs and exosomes was herein verified by wound healing experiments, and these results reveal their potential applications in different fields based on analyses of their shared and unique proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Zhang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Mi
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Jin
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Mujie Li
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghao Zhanghuang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinkui Wang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Tan
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxu Lu
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianju Shen
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlan Long
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei He
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China. .,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Yuan O, Ugale A, de Marchi T, Anthonydhason V, Konturek-Ciesla A, Wan H, Eldeeb M, Drabe C, Jassinskaja M, Hansson J, Hidalgo I, Velasco-Hernandez T, Cammenga J, Magee JA, Niméus E, Bryder D. A somatic mutation in moesin drives progression into acute myeloid leukemia. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm9987. [PMID: 35442741 PMCID: PMC9020775 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm9987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arises when leukemia-initiating cells, defined by a primary genetic lesion, acquire subsequent molecular changes whose cumulative effects bypass tumor suppression. The changes that underlie AML pathogenesis not only provide insights into the biology of transformation but also reveal novel therapeutic opportunities. However, backtracking these events in transformed human AML samples is challenging, if at all possible. Here, we approached this question using a murine in vivo model with an MLL-ENL fusion protein as a primary molecular event. Upon clonal transformation, we identified and extensively verified a recurrent codon-changing mutation (Arg295Cys) in the ERM protein moesin that markedly accelerated leukemogenesis. Human cancer-associated moesin mutations at the conserved arginine-295 residue similarly enhanced MLL-ENL-driven leukemogenesis. Mechanistically, the mutation interrupted the stability of moesin and conferred a neomorphic activity to the protein, which converged on enhanced extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity. Thereby, our studies demonstrate a critical role of ERM proteins in AML, with implications also for human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouyang Yuan
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Amol Ugale
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology of the University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tommaso de Marchi
- Division of Surgery, Oncology, and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Solvegatan 19, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Vimala Anthonydhason
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 1F, 413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Konturek-Ciesla
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Haixia Wan
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mohamed Eldeeb
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Caroline Drabe
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Jassinskaja
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jenny Hansson
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Isabel Hidalgo
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Jörg Cammenga
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey A. Magee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Emma Niméus
- Division of Surgery, Oncology, and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Solvegatan 19, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Entrégatan 7, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - David Bryder
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
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11
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Stavast CJ, van Zuijen I, Karkoulia E, Özçelik A, van Hoven-Beijen A, Leon LG, Voerman JSA, Janssen GMC, van Veelen PA, Burocziova M, Brouwer RWW, van IJcken WFJ, Maas A, Bindels EM, van der Velden VHJ, Schliehe C, Katsikis PD, Alberich-Jorda M, Erkeland SJ. The tumor suppressor MIR139 is silenced by POLR2M to promote AML oncogenesis. Leukemia 2022; 36:687-700. [PMID: 34741119 PMCID: PMC8885418 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
MIR139 is a tumor suppressor and is commonly silenced in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the tumor-suppressing activities of miR-139 and molecular mechanisms of MIR139-silencing remain largely unknown. Here, we studied the poorly prognostic MLL-AF9 fusion protein-expressing AML. We show that MLL-AF9 expression in hematopoietic precursors caused epigenetic silencing of MIR139, whereas overexpression of MIR139 inhibited in vitro and in vivo AML outgrowth. We identified novel miR-139 targets that mediate the tumor-suppressing activities of miR-139 in MLL-AF9 AML. We revealed that two enhancer regions control MIR139 expression and found that the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) downstream of MLL-AF9 epigenetically silenced MIR139 in AML. Finally, a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen revealed RNA Polymerase 2 Subunit M (POLR2M) as a novel MIR139-regulatory factor. Our findings elucidate the molecular control of tumor suppressor MIR139 and reveal a role for POLR2M in the MIR139-silencing mechanism, downstream of MLL-AF9 and PRC2 in AML. In addition, we confirmed these findings in human AML cell lines with different oncogenic aberrations, suggesting that this is a more common oncogenic mechanism in AML. Our results may pave the way for new targeted therapy in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiaan J Stavast
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Iris van Zuijen
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elena Karkoulia
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Childhood Leukemia Investigation Prague, Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Arman Özçelik
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Leticia G Leon
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jane S A Voerman
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - George M C Janssen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter A van Veelen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Monika Burocziova
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rutger W W Brouwer
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Center for Biomics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Cell Biology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F J van IJcken
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Center for Biomics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Cell Biology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex Maas
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Cell Biology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric M Bindels
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Hematology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Christopher Schliehe
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter D Katsikis
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meritxell Alberich-Jorda
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Childhood Leukemia Investigation Prague, Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan J Erkeland
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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12
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Xie J, Zou Y, Ye F, Zhao W, Xie X, Ou X, Xie X, Wei W. A Novel Platelet-Related Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:795600. [PMID: 35096824 PMCID: PMC8790231 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.795600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regarded as the most invasive subtype, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs), progesterone receptors (PRs), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) proteins. Platelets have recently been shown to be associated with metastasis of malignant tumors. Nevertheless, the status of platelet-related genes in TNBC and their correlation with patient prognosis remain unknown. In this study, the expression and variation levels of platelet-related genes were identified and patients with TNBC were divided into three subtypes. We collected cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. By applying the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression method, we constructed a seven-gene signature which classified the two cohorts of patients with TNBC into low- or high-risk groups. Patients in the high-risk group were more likely to have lower survival rates than those in the low-risk group. The risk score, incorporated with the clinical features, was confirmed as an independent factor for predicting the overall survival (OS) time. Functional enrichment analyses revealed the involvement of a variety of vital biological processes and classical cancer-related pathways that could be important to the ultimate prognosis of TNBC. We then built a nomogram that performed well. Moreover, we tested the model in other cohorts and obtained positive outcomes. In conclusion, platelet-related genes were closely related to TNBC, and this novel signature could serve as a tool for the assessment of clinical prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutian Zou
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanzhen Zhao
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xinhua Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqi Ou
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wei
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Osman Y, Elsharkawy T, Hashim TM, Alratroot JA, Alsuwat HS, Otaibi WMA, Hegazi FM, AbdulAzeez S, Borgio JF. Functional multigenic variations associated with hodgkin lymphoma. Int J Lab Hematol 2021; 43:1472-1482. [PMID: 34216518 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study aimed to describe genotypes associated with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in a cohort of Saudi and non-Saudi patients and discuss their possible susceptibility to HL. METHODS We studied clinical, histopathological, and laboratory findings of HL patients admitted over 12 years duration, at King Fahd University Hospital, KSA. The genomic DNAs of HL patients (n = 61) and normal control subjects (n = 36) were extracted, and genotyping was performed using the Illumina human exome bead chip. Set of HL patients and set of normal controls were included in this study. RESULTS A total of 35 DNA variants were found to be highly significant with the P-value <9.90 × 10-11 among 243 345 exonic biomarkers and obeying the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Nine, MEGF11-rs150945752 (P-value 1.20 × 10-12 ), CACNA1I- s58055559 (P-value 1.93 × 10-12 ), DECR2-rs146760080 (P-value 2.19 × 10-12 ), STAB1-rs143894786 (P-value 2.45 × 10-12 ), ZNF526-rs144433879 (P-value 2.76 × 10-12 ), CPLANE1-rs200612080 (P-value 3.77 × 10-12 ), DLK1-rs1058009 (P-value 5.95 × 10-12 ), RTN4RL2-rs61745214 (P-value 7.71 × 10-12 ), and PGRMC1-rs145582672 (P-value 8.56 × 10-12 ), exonic variants on chromosomes 15, 22, and 16 were highly associated with HL cases. THE HIGHLY SIGNIFICANT HAPLOTYPES AT CHROMOSOME 3: rs143894786G; rs149982219G with P-value = 3.43 × 10-14 was found to be the risk haplotype for the HL patients. The opposite alleles at chromosome 3: rs143894786A; rs149982219G is protective with P-value = 2.46 × 10-12 . Maximum number of SNPs at the chromosome 19: rs144433879C; rs181265966G; rs201144421C; rs145591797G; rs200560875G; rs77270337G (risk P-value = 2.24 × 10-12 ) and its opposite allele rs144433879A; rs181265966A; rs201144421T; rs145591797A; rs200560875A; rs77270337A (protective P-value = 2.60 × 10-9 ) were found to be associated haplotype with the HL and controls, respectively, in Saudi population. CONCLUSION Our study concludes that the HL is genetically heterogeneous with multigene causation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Osman
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Elsharkawy
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Mohammad Hashim
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hind Saleh Alsuwat
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waad Mohammed Al Otaibi
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Mohammed Hegazi
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed AbdulAzeez
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Francis Borgio
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Cai Z, Yu C, Li S, Wang C, Fan Y, Ji Q, Chen F, Li W. A Novel Classification of Glioma Subgroup, Which Is Highly Correlated With the Clinical Characteristics and Tumor Tissue Characteristics, Based on the Expression Levels of Gβ and Gγ Genes. Front Oncol 2021; 11:685823. [PMID: 34222011 PMCID: PMC8250418 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.685823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glioma is a classical type of primary brain tumors that is most common seen in adults, and its high heterogeneity used to be a reference standard for subgroup classification. Glioma has been diagnosed based on histopathology, grade, and molecular markers including IDH mutation, chromosome 1p/19q loss, and H3K27M mutation. This subgroup classification cannot fully meet the current needs of clinicians and researchers. We, therefore, present a new subgroup classification for glioma based on the expression levels of Gβ and Gγ genes to complement studies on glioma and Gβγ subunits, and to support clinicians to assess a patient’s tumor status. Methods Glioma samples retrieved from the CGGA database and the TCGA database. We clustered the gliomas into different groups by using expression values of Gβ and Gγ genes extracted from RNA sequencing data. The Kaplan–Meier method with a two-sided log-rank test was adopted to compare the OS of the patients between GNB2 group and non-GNB2 group. Univariate Cox regression analysis was referred to in order to investigate the prognostic role of each Gβ and Gγ genes. KEGG and ssGSEA analysis were applied to identify highly activated pathways. The “estimate” package, “GSVA” package, and the online analytical tools CIBERSORTx were employed to evaluate immune cell infiltration in glioma samples. Results Three subgroups were identified. Each subgroup had its own specific pathway activation pattern and other biological characteristics. High M2 cell infiltration was observed in the GNB2 subgroup. Different subgroups displayed different sensitivities to chemotherapeutics. GNB2 subgroup predicted poor survival in patients with gliomas, especially in patients with LGG with mutation IDH and non-codeleted 1p19q. Conclusion The subgroup classification we proposed has great application value. It can be used to select chemotherapeutic drugs and the prognosis of patients with target gliomas. The unique relationships between subgroups and tumor-related pathways are worthy of further investigation to identify therapeutic Gβγ heterodimer targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Cai
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical Unversity, Beijing, China
| | - Chunna Yu
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical Unversity, Beijing, China
| | - Shenglan Li
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical Unversity, Beijing, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical Unversity, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqiong Fan
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical Unversity, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical Unversity, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical Unversity, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical Unversity, Beijing, China
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15
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Molecular pathogenesis of progression to myeloid leukemia from TET-insufficient status. Blood Adv 2021; 4:845-854. [PMID: 32126143 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in ten-eleven translocation-2 (TET2) are recurrent events in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as well as in preleukemic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of age-related clonal hematopoiesis. TET3 mutations are infrequent in AML, but the level of TET3 expression in HSCs has been found to decline with age. We examined the impact of gradual decrease of TET function in AML development by generating mice with Tet deficiency at various degrees. Tet2f/f and Tet3f/f mice were crossed with mice expressing Mx1-Cre to generate Tet2f/wtTet3f/fMx-Cre+ (T2ΔT3), Tet2f/fTet3f/wtMx-Cre+ (ΔT2T3), and Tet2f/fTet3f/fMx-Cre+ (ΔT2ΔT3) mice. All ΔT2ΔT3 mice died of aggressive AML at a median survival of 10.7 weeks. By comparison, T2ΔT3 and ΔT2T3 mice developed AML at longer latencies, with a median survival of ∼27 weeks. Remarkably, all 9 T2ΔT3 and 8 ΔT2T3 mice with AML showed inactivation of the remaining nontargeted Tet2 or Tet3 allele, respectively, owing to exonic loss in either gene or stop-gain mutations in Tet3. Recurrent mutations other than Tet3 were not noted in any mice by whole-exome sequencing. Spontaneous inactivation of residual Tet2 or Tet3 alleles is a recurrent genetic event during the development of AML with Tet insufficiency.
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16
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Qi HZ, Xu N, Xu J, Dai M, Liu H, Yu GP, Fan ZP, Huang F, Shi PC, Sun J, Liu QF, Zhang Y. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation overcomes the poor prognosis in MLL-rearranged solid tumor therapy related-acute myeloid leukemia. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1683-1696. [PMID: 33948382 PMCID: PMC8085874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MLL rearrangement is very common in solid tumor therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML). To investigated the prognosis of solid tumor MLL t-AML, 157 patients were divided into 3 groups: non-MLL t-AML (n=41), MLL t-AML (n=18) and MLL de novo AML (n=98). Of the 150 patients underwent anti-leukemia therapy, the complete remission (CR) was similar in MLL t-AML, non-MLL t-AML and MLL de novo AML (P=0.251). 3-years overall survival (OS) was 37.5%, 21.5% and 20.4% (P=0.046), and leukemia-free survival (LFS) was 28.0%, 32.2% and 22.7% (P=0.031), and the incidence of relapse was 30.0%, 50.4% and 53.5% (P=0.382), respectively, in the three groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that MLL t-AML was a risk factor while allo-HSCT was a protective factor for OS, LFS, and relapse (P<0.001, P<0.001 and P=0.005) (P=0.002, P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). The 3-years OS was 0%, 17.9% and 2.3% (P=0.038), and LFS was 0%, 23.1% and 3.3% (P=0.017), and relapse was 100%, 53.1% and 74.4% (P=0.001), respectively, among three groups in patients undergoing chemotherapy alone, while OS was 64.3%, 52.7% and 40.7% (P=0.713), LFS was 60.0%, 48.8% and 37.0% (P=0.934), and relapse was 25.0%, 47.4% and 47.5% (P=0.872), respectively, among these groups in patients undergoing allo-HSCT. Intriguingly, MLL t-AML was no longer risk factor for relapse and LFS (P=0.882 and P=0.484, respectively), and it became a favorable factor for OS (P=0.011) in patients undergoing allo-HSCT. In conclusion, MLL t-AML had poor prognosis compared with non-MLL t-AML and MLL de novo AML, but allo-HSCT might overcome the poor prognosis of MLL t-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Zhou Qi
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Pan Yu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Fan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Shi
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Fa Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
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17
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Muddathir ARM, Hamid TAM, Elamin EM, Khabour OF. Distribution of fusion transcripts and its clinical impact in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in Sudan. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2021; 15:21-25. [PMID: 33708041 PMCID: PMC7934129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common malignant disorder of hematopoietic progenitor cells that caused by chromosomal translocation and the formation of fusion oncogenes. This study determined the frequencies of fusion genes in Sudanese patients with AML and their clinical impacts. METHODS This study was conducted at Alzaeim Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan. A total of 97 patients with AML were recruited in the study from different clinics in Khartoum state. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine types of fusion genes. RESULTS The highest frequency of genetic defects was observed for AML1-ETO fusion gene (57.6%) followed by MLL-AF9 (35.1%) and FUS-ERG (7.2%). No significant differences in blast cells, hemoglobin, total white blood cells, and platelets were found between different gene fusion groups (P > 0.05). In addition, no differences in the frequency of splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy were observed between different gene fusion groups (P > 0.05). With respect to French-American-British (FAB) classification, the M2 and M3 were significantly higher in patients with AML1-ETO fusion (86%, P < 0.01) whereas M4 and M5 were higher in patients with MLL-AF9 fusion (76.5%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The study concluded that AML1-ETO and MLL-AF9 fusion genes were predominant in AML Sudanese patients. None of the examined clinical parameters were different between different fusion genes except for FAB stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Rahim Mahmoud Muddathir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Alzaeim Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan,Address for correspondence: Abdel Rahim Mahmoud Muddathir, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, KSA. E-mail:
| | - Tarig A. M. Hamid
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, Sharq Elnile College, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Elwaleed M. Elamin
- Department of Histopathology and Molecular Biology, Alzaeim Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Omar F. Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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18
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Du W, Xu A, Huang Y, Cao J, Zhu H, Yang B, Shao X, He Q, Ying M. The role of autophagy in targeted therapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Autophagy 2020; 17:2665-2679. [PMID: 32917124 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1822628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although molecular targeted therapies have recently displayed therapeutic effects in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), limited response and acquired resistance remain common problems. Numerous studies have associated autophagy, an essential degradation process involved in the cellular response to stress, with the development and therapeutic response of cancers including AML. Thus, we review studies on the role of autophagy in AML development and summarize the linkage between autophagy and several recurrent genetic abnormalities in AML, highlighting the potential of capitalizing on autophagy modulation in targeted therapy for AML.Abbreviations: AML: acute myeloid leukemia; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; APL: acute promyelocytic leukemia; ATG: autophagy related; ATM: ATM serine/threonine kinase; ATO: arsenic trioxide; ATRA: all trans retinoic acid; BCL2: BCL2 apoptosis regulator; BECN1: beclin 1; BET proteins, bromodomain and extra-terminal domain family; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; CQ: chloroquine; DNMT, DNA methyltransferase; DOT1L: DOT1 like histone lysine methyltransferase; FLT3: fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3; FIS1: fission, mitochondrial 1; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; HSC: hematopoietic stem cell; IDH: isocitrate dehydrogenase; ITD: internal tandem duplication; KMT2A/MLL: lysine methyltransferase 2A; LSC: leukemia stem cell; MDS: myelodysplastic syndromes; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; NPM1: nucleophosmin 1; PIK3C3/VPS34: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PML: PML nuclear body scaffold; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1; SAHA: vorinostat; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TET2: tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2; TKD: tyrosine kinase domain; TKI: tyrosine kinase inhibitor; TP53/p53: tumor protein p53; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VPA: valproic acid; WDFY3/ALFY: WD repeat and FYVE domain containing 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Du
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aixiao Xu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Huang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejing Shao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meidan Ying
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Liu S, Yang N, Jiang X, Wang J, Dong J, Gao Y. FUS-induced circular RNA ZNF609 promotes tumorigenesis and progression via sponging miR-142-3p in lung cancer. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:79-92. [PMID: 33459380 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been associated with lung cancer (LC), one of the most common cancers, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of the specific correlation with LC carcinogenesis remain unveiled. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to examine the level of circZNF609. LC cells were transfected with silenced circZNF609 by siRNAs, and cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were evaluated to reflect the influences of circZNF609 knockdown in LC. Biotin-coupled circRNA capture, FISH and luciferase reporter assays were performed to study the relationship between circZNF609 and miR-142-3p. In current work, it was discovered that circZNF609 functioned as an onco-circRNA, which exhibited high expression as well as facilitated the proliferation and migration in LC cells. Next, we discovered that FUS RNA-binding protein, which could bind to the ZNF609 pre-mRNA, induced circZNF609 formation, and increased circZNF609 expression in LC. Furthermore, circZNF609 was verified to sponge and sequester miR-142-3p; circZNF609 enhanced LC cell proliferative and migrative ability via targeting miR-142-3p. Finally, G protein subunit beta 2 (GNB2) was figured out to involve in circZNF609/miR-142-3p axis-induced LC development. Conclusively, the results indicated that FUS-induced circZNF609 exerts promotional effects on LC cell proliferation and migration through modulation of the miR-142-3p/GNB2 axis, which could offer new insight for understanding LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxia Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ningning Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junqiang Dong
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yonghua Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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20
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Griffin C, Saint-Jeannet JP. Spliceosomopathies: Diseases and mechanisms. Dev Dyn 2020; 249:1038-1046. [PMID: 32506634 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The spliceosome is a complex of RNA and proteins that function together to identify intron-exon junctions in precursor messenger-RNAs, splice out the introns, and join the flanking exons. Mutations in any one of the genes encoding the proteins that make up the spliceosome may result in diseases known as spliceosomopathies. While the spliceosome is active in all cell types, with the majority of the proteins presumably expressed ubiquitously, spliceosomopathies tend to be tissue-specific as a result of germ line or somatic mutations, with phenotypes affecting primarily the retina in retinitis pigmentosa, hematopoietic lineages in myelodysplastic syndromes, or the craniofacial skeleton in mandibulofacial dysostosis. Here we describe the major spliceosomopathies, review the proposed mechanisms underlying retinitis pigmentosa and myelodysplastic syndromes, and discuss how this knowledge may inform our understanding of craniofacial spliceosomopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Griffin
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
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21
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Schwaller J. Learning from mouse models of MLL fusion gene-driven acute leukemia. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1863:194550. [PMID: 32320749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
5-10% of human acute leukemias carry chromosomal translocations involving the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene that result in the expression of chimeric protein fusing MLL to >80 different partners of which AF4, ENL and AF9 are the most prevalent. In contrast to many other leukemia-associated mutations, several MLL-fusions are powerful oncogenes that transform hematopoietic stem cells but also more committed progenitor cells. Here, I review different approaches that were used to express MLL fusions in the murine hematopoietic system which often, but not always, resulted in highly penetrant and transplantable leukemias that closely phenocopied the human disease. Due to its simple and reliable nature, reconstitution of irradiated mice with bone marrow cells retrovirally expressing the MLL-AF9 fusion became the most frequently in vivo model to study the biology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). I review some of the most influential studies that used this model to dissect critical protein interactions, the impact of epigenetic regulators, microRNAs and microenvironment-dependent signals for MLL fusion-driven leukemia. In addition, I highlight studies that used this model for shRNA- or genome editing-based screens for cellular vulnerabilities that allowed to identify novel therapeutic targets of which some entered clinical trials. Finally, I discuss some inherent characteristics of the widely used mouse model based on retroviral expression of the MLL-AF9 fusion that can limit general conclusions for the biology of AML. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The MLL family of proteins in normal development and disease edited by Thomas A Milne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juerg Schwaller
- University Children's Hospital Beider Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland.
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22
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Clonal competition within complex evolutionary hierarchies shapes AML over time. Nat Commun 2020; 11:579. [PMID: 32024830 PMCID: PMC7002407 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal heterogeneity and evolution has major implications for disease progression and relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To model clonal dynamics in vivo, we serially transplanted 23 AML cases to immunodeficient mice and followed clonal composition for up to 15 months by whole-exome sequencing of 84 xenografts across two generations. We demonstrate vast changes in clonality that both progress and reverse over time, and define five patterns of clonal dynamics: Monoclonal, Stable, Loss, Expansion and Burst. We also show that subclonal expansion in vivo correlates with a more adverse prognosis. Furthermore, clonal expansion enabled detection of very rare clones with AML driver mutations that were undetectable by sequencing at diagnosis, demonstrating that the vast majority of AML cases harbor multiple clones already at diagnosis. Finally, the rise and fall of related clones enabled deconstruction of the complex evolutionary hierarchies of the clones that compete to shape AML over time. Clonal evolution and heterogeneity has strong implications for treatment response in acute myeloid leukemia. Here, the authors use patient derived in vivo modelling to highlight the complex clonal and evolutionary dynamics underpinning acute myeloid leukemia progression.
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23
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Zhang Q, Yin X, Pan Z, Cao Y, Han S, Gao G, Gao Z, Pan Z, Feng W. Identification of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4237-4245. [PMID: 31579071 PMCID: PMC6757266 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PCa. The GSE103512 dataset was downloaded, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses of DEGs were performed. The result of GO analysis suggested that the DEGs were mostly enriched in ‘carboxylic acid catabolic process’, ‘cell apoptosis’, ‘cell proliferation’ and ‘cell migration’. KEGG analysis results indicated that the DEGs were mostly concentrated in ‘metabolic pathways’, ‘ECM-receptor interaction’, the ‘PI3K-Akt pathway’ and ‘focal adhesion’. The PPI analysis results showed that Golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1), melanoma inhibitory activity member 3 (MIA3), ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) and G protein subunit β2 (GNB2) were the key genes in PCa, and the Module analysis revealed that they were associated with ‘ECM-receptor interaction’, ‘focal adhesion’, the ‘PI3K-Akt pathway’ and the ‘metabolic pathway’. Subsequently, the gene expression was confirmed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and the Human Protein Atlas. The results demonstrated that GOLM1 and ACLY expression was significantly upregulated (P<0.05) in PCa compared with that in normal tissues. Receiver operating characteristic and survival analyses were performed. The results showed that area under the curve values of these genes all exceeded 0.85, and high expression of these genes was associated with poor survival in patients with PCa. In conclusion, this study identified GOLM1 and ACLY in PCa, which may be potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Yin
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Pan
- Department of Medicine, Laizhou Development Zone Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 261400, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Cao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Shaojie Han
- Changle County Bureau of Animal Health and Production, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Guojun Gao
- Urology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Gao
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Zhifang Pan
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Weiguo Feng
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
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24
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Sakhdari A, Tang Z, Ok CY, Bueso-Ramos CE, Medeiros LJ, Huh YO. Homogeneously staining region (hsr) on chromosome 11 is highly specific for KMT2A amplification in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Cancer Genet 2019; 238:18-22. [PMID: 31425921 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AML and MDS are most common myeloid neoplasms that affect mainly older patients. Overexpression of certain proto-oncogenes plays an indispensable role in tumorigenesis and overexpression can be a consequence of gene rearrangement, amplification and/or mutation. Rearrangement and amplification of KMT2A located at chromosome band 11q23 is a well-characterized genetic driver in a subset of AML/MDS cases and is associated with a poor prognosis. The presence of homogeneously staining regions (hsr) also has been correlated with amplification of specific proto-oncogenes. In this study, we correlated hsr(11)(q23) with KMT2A in a large cohort of AML/MDS (n = 54) patients. We identified 37 patients with hsr(11)(q23) in the setting of AML (n = 27) and MDS (n = 10). All patients showed a complex karyotype including 12 cases with monosomy 17. KMT2A FISH analysis was available for 35 patients which showed KMT2A amplification in all patients. Among control cases with hsr involving chromosomes other than 11q [non-11q hsr, n = 17], FISH analysis for KMT2A was available in 10 cases and none of these cases showed KMT2A amplification (p = 0.0001, Fisher's exact test, two-tailed). Mutational analysis was performed in 32 patients with hsr(11)(q23). The most common mutated gene was TP53 (n = 29), followed by DNMT3A (n = 4), NF1 (n = 4), and TET2 (n = 3). Thirty (83%) patients died over a median follow-up of 7.6 months (range, 0.4-33.4). In summary, hsr(11)(q23) in AML/MDS cases is associated with a complex karyotype, monosomy 17, KMT2A amplification, and TP53 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sakhdari
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, United States.
| | - Zhenya Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, United States
| | - Chi Young Ok
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, United States
| | - Carlos E Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, United States
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, United States
| | - Yang O Huh
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, United States
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