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Wang LL, Wang H, Lin SJ, Xu XY, Hu WJ, Liu J, Zhang HY. ABBV-744 alleviates LPS-induced neuroinflammation via regulation of BATF2-IRF4-STAT1/3/5 axis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01318-4. [PMID: 38862817 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Suppression of neuroinflammation using small molecule compounds targeting the key pathways in microglial inflammation has attracted great interest. Recently, increasing attention has been gained to the role of the second bromodomain (BD2) of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins, while its effect and molecular mechanism on microglial inflammation has not yet been explored. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of ABBV-744, a BD2 high selective BET inhibitor, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial inflammation in vitro and in vivo, and explored the key pathways by which ABBV-744 regulated microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. We found that pretreatment of ABBV-744 concentration-dependently inhibited the expression of LPS-induced inflammatory mediators/enzymes including NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 in BV-2 microglial cells. These effects were validated in LPS-treated primary microglial cells. Furthermore, we observed that administration of ABBV-744 significantly alleviated LPS-induced activation of microglia and transcriptional levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β in mouse hippocampus and cortex. RNA-Sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis revealed that ABBV-744 induced 508 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells, and gene enrichment and gene expression network analysis verified its regulation on activated microglial genes and inflammatory pathways. We demonstrated that pretreatment of ABBV-744 significantly reduced the expression levels of basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor 2 (BATF2) and interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), and suppressed JAK-STAT signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells and mice, suggesting that the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of ABBV-744 might be associated with regulation of BATF2-IRF4-STAT1/3/5 pathway, which was confirmed by gene knockdown experiments. This study demonstrates the effect of a BD2 high selective BET inhibitor, ABBV-744, against microglial inflammation, and reveals a BATF2-IRF4-STAT1/3/5 pathway in regulation of microglial inflammation, which might provide new clues for discovery of effective therapeutic strategy against neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-le Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Si-Jin Lin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xing-Yu Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wen-Juan Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Calistri NL, Liby TA, Hu Z, Zhang H, Dane M, Gross SM, Heiser LM. TNBC response to paclitaxel phenocopies interferon response which reveals cell cycle-associated resistance mechanisms. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.04.596911. [PMID: 38895265 PMCID: PMC11185620 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.04.596911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a standard of care neoadjuvant therapy for patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, it shows limited benefit for locally advanced or metastatic disease. Here we used a coordinated experimental-computational approach to explore the influence of paclitaxel on the cellular and molecular responses of TNBC cells. We found that escalating doses of paclitaxel resulted in multinucleation, promotion of senescence, and initiation of DNA damage induced apoptosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of TNBC cells after paclitaxel treatment revealed upregulation of innate immune programs canonically associated with interferon response and downregulation of cell cycle progression programs. Systematic exploration of transcriptional responses to paclitaxel and cancer-associated microenvironmental factors revealed common gene programs induced by paclitaxel, IFNB, and IFNG. Transcription factor (TF) enrichment analysis identified 13 TFs that were both enriched based on activity of downstream targets and also significantly upregulated after paclitaxel treatment. Functional assessment with siRNA knockdown confirmed that the TFs FOSL1, NFE2L2 and ELF3 mediate cellular proliferation and also regulate nuclear structure. We further explored the influence of these TFs on paclitaxel-induced cell cycle behavior via live cell imaging, which revealed altered progression rates through G1, S/G2 and M phases. We found that ELF3 knockdown synergized with paclitaxel treatment to lock cells in a G1 state and prevent cell cycle progression. Analysis of publicly available breast cancer patient data showed that high ELF3 expression was associated with poor prognosis and enrichment programs associated with cell cycle progression. Together these analyses disentangle the diverse aspects of paclitaxel response and identify ELF3 upregulation as a putative biomarker of paclitaxel resistance in TNBC.
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Mosala P, Mpotje T, Abdel Aziz N, Ndlovu H, Musaigwa F, Nono JK, Brombacher F. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 as a potential target for host-directed therapy during chronic schistosomiasis in murine model. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1279043. [PMID: 38840916 PMCID: PMC11150569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1279043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains the most devastating neglected tropical disease, affecting over 240 million people world-wide. The disease is caused by the eggs laid by mature female worms that are trapped in host's tissues, resulting in chronic Th2 driven fibrogranulmatous pathology. Although the disease can be treated with a relatively inexpensive drug, praziquantel (PZQ), re-infections remain a major problem in endemic areas. There is a need for new therapeutic drugs and alternative drug treatments for schistosomiasis. The current study hypothesized that cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) could mediate fibroproliferative pathology during schistosomiasis. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are potent lipid mediators that are known to be key players in inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. The present study aimed to investigate the role of cysLTR1 during experimental acute and chronic schistosomiasis using cysLTR1-/- mice, as well as the use of cysLTR1 inhibitor (Montelukast) to assess immune responses during chronic Schistosoma mansoni infection. Mice deficient of cysLTR1 and littermate control mice were infected with either high or low dose of Schistosoma mansoni to achieve chronic or acute schistosomiasis, respectively. Hepatic granulomatous inflammation, hepatic fibrosis and IL-4 production in the liver was significantly reduced in mice lacking cysLTR1 during chronic schistosomiasis, while reduced liver pathology was observed during acute schistosomiasis. Pharmacological blockade of cysLTR1 using montelukast in combination with PZQ reduced hepatic inflammation and parasite egg burden in chronically infected mice. Combination therapy led to the expansion of Tregs in chronically infected mice. We show that the disruption of cysLTR1 is dispensable for host survival during schistosomiasis, suggesting an important role cysLTR1 may play during early immunity against schistosomiasis. Our findings revealed that the combination of montelukast and PZQ could be a potential prophylactic treatment for chronic schistosomiasis by reducing fibrogranulomatous pathology in mice. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that cysLTR1 is a potential target for host-directed therapy to ameliorate fibrogranulomatous pathology in the liver during chronic and acute schistosomiasis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paballo Mosala
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thabo Mpotje
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nada Abdel Aziz
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
- Immuno-Biotechnology Lab, Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hlumani Ndlovu
- Division of Chemical and System Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Fungai Musaigwa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Justin Komguep Nono
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
- Unit of Immunobiology and Helminth Infections, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Frank Brombacher
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
- Welcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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4
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van der Geest R, Peñaloza HF, Xiong Z, Gonzalez-Ferrer S, An X, Li H, Fan H, Tabary M, Nouraie SM, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Chen K, Alder JK, Bain WG, Lee JS. BATF2 enhances proinflammatory cytokine responses in macrophages and improves early host defense against pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L604-L616. [PMID: 37724373 PMCID: PMC11068429 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00441.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like 2 (BATF2) is a transcription factor that is emerging as an important regulator of the innate immune system. BATF2 is among the top upregulated genes in human alveolar macrophages treated with LPS, but the signaling pathways that induce BATF2 expression in response to Gram-negative stimuli are incompletely understood. In addition, the role of BATF2 in the host response to pulmonary infection with a Gram-negative pathogen like Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is not known. We show that induction of Batf2 gene expression in macrophages in response to Kp in vitro requires TRIF and type I interferon (IFN) signaling, but not MyD88 signaling. Analysis of the impact of BATF2 deficiency on macrophage effector functions in vitro showed that BATF2 does not directly impact macrophage phagocytic uptake and intracellular killing of Kp. However, BATF2 markedly enhanced macrophage proinflammatory gene expression and Kp-induced cytokine responses. In vivo, Batf2 gene expression was elevated in lung tissue of wild-type (WT) mice 24 h after pulmonary Kp infection, and Kp-infected BATF2-deficient (Batf2-/-) mice displayed an increase in bacterial burden in the lung, spleen, and liver compared with WT mice. WT and Batf2-/- mice showed similar recruitment of leukocytes following infection, but in line with in vitro observations, proinflammatory cytokine levels in the alveolar space were reduced in Batf2-/- mice. Altogether, these results suggest that BATF2 enhances proinflammatory cytokine responses in macrophages in response to Kp and contributes to the early host defense against pulmonary Kp infection.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study investigates the signaling pathways that mediate induction of BATF2 expression downstream of TLR4 and also the impact of BATF2 on the host defense against pulmonary Kp infection. We demonstrate that Kp-induced upregulation of BATF2 in macrophages requires TRIF and type I IFN signaling. We also show that BATF2 enhances Kp-induced macrophage cytokine responses and that BATF2 contributes to the early host defense against pulmonary Kp infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick van der Geest
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Hernán F Peñaloza
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Zeyu Xiong
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Shekina Gonzalez-Ferrer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Xiaojing An
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Huihua Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Hongye Fan
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Mohammadreza Tabary
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - S Mehdi Nouraie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yanwu Zhao
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kong Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Jonathan K Alder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - William G Bain
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Janet S Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
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5
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Hang NTL, Hijikata M, Maeda S, Thuong PH, Huan HV, Hoang NP, Tam DB, Anh PT, Huyen NT, Cuong VC, Kobayashi N, Wakabayashi K, Miyabayashi A, Seto S, Keicho N. Host-pathogen relationship in retreated tuberculosis with major rifampicin resistance-conferring mutations. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1187390. [PMID: 37469437 PMCID: PMC10352910 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1187390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is assumed that host defense systems eliminating the pathogen and regulating tissue damage make a strong impact on the outcome of tuberculosis (TB) disease and that these processes are affected by rifampicin (RIF) resistance-conferring mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). However, the host responses to the pathogen harboring different mutations have not been studied comprehensively in clinical settings. We analyzed clinico-epidemiological factors and blood transcriptomic signatures associated with major rpoB mutations conferring RIF resistance in a cohort study. Methods Demographic data were collected from 295 active pulmonary TB patients with treatment history in Hanoi, Vietnam. When recruited, drug resistance-conferring mutations and lineage-specific variations were identified using whole-genome sequencing of clinical Mtb isolates. Before starting retreatment, total RNA was extracted from the whole blood of HIV-negative patients infected with Mtb that carried either the rpoB H445Y or rpoB S450L mutation, and the total RNA was subjected to RNA sequencing after age-gender matching. The individual RNA expression levels in the blood sample set were also measured using real-time RT-PCR. Logistic and linear regression models were used to assess possible associations. Results In our cohort, rpoB S450L and rpoB H445Y were major RIF resistance-conferring mutations [32/87 (36.8%) and 15/87 (17.2%), respectively]. H445Y was enriched in the ancient Beijing genotype and was associated with nonsynonymous mutations of Rv1830 that has been reported to regulate antibiotic resilience. H445Y was also more frequently observed in genetically clustered strains and in samples from patients who had received more than one TB treatment episode. According to the RNA sequencing, gene sets involved in the interferon-γ and-α pathways were downregulated in H445Y compared with S450L. The qRT-PCR analysis also confirmed the low expression levels of interferon-inducible genes, including BATF2 and SERPING1, in the H445Y group, particularly in patients with extensive lesions on chest X-ray. Discussion Our study results showed that rpoB mutations as well as Mtb sublineage with additional genetic variants may have significant effects on host response. These findings strengthen the rationale for investigation of host-pathogen interactions to develop countermeasures against epidemics of drug-resistant TB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minako Hijikata
- Department of Pathophysiology and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, JATA, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Maeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Do Bang Tam
- Department of Biochemistry, Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Hanoi Lung Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thu Anh
- Tuberculosis Network Management Office, Hanoi Lung Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thu Huyen
- NCGM-BMH Medical Collaboration Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Health Policy and Economics, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Keiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, JATA, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabayashi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, JATA, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Seto
- Department of Pathophysiology and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, JATA, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Keicho
- The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, JATA, Tokyo, Japan
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Yang Y, Wang Z, He M, Diao L, Yu B, Li D. NAD+ biosynthesis metabolism predicts prognosis and indicates immune microenvironment for breast cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1610956. [PMID: 37006438 PMCID: PMC10063816 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1610956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The growing evidence implies that tumor cells need to increase NAD+ levels by upregulating NAD+ biosynthesis to satisfy their growth demand. NAD+ biosynthesis metabolism is implicated in tumor progression. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant malignancy in the world. Nevertheless, the prognostic significance of NAD+ biosynthesis and its relationship with the tumor immune microenvironment in breast cancer still need further investigation. In this study, we obtained the mRNA expression data and clinical information of BC samples from public databases and calculated the level of NAD+ biosynthesis activity by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). We then explored the relationship between the NAD+ biosynthesis score, infiltrating immune cells, prognosis significance, immunogenicity and immune checkpoint molecules. The results demonstrated that patients with high NAD+ biosynthetic score displayed poor prognosis, high immune infiltration, high immunogenicity, elevated PD-L1 expression, and might more benefit from immunotherapy. Taken together, our studies not only deepened the understanding of NAD+ biosynthesis metabolism of breast cancer but also provided new insights into personalized treatment strategies and immunological therapies to improve the outcomes of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Mengqi He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Diao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Biyue Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Li,
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7
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Le DT, Florez MA, Kus P, Tran BT, Kain B, Zhu Y, Christensen K, Jain A, Malovannaya A, King KY. BATF2 promotes HSC myeloid differentiation by amplifying IFN response mediators during chronic infection. iScience 2023; 26:106059. [PMID: 36824275 PMCID: PMC9942003 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor 2 (BATF2), an interferon-activated immune response regulator, is a key factor responsible for myeloid differentiation and depletion of HSC during chronic infection. To delineate the mechanism of BATF2 function in HSCs, we assessed Batf2 KO mice during chronic infection and found that they produced less pro-inflammatory cytokines, less immune cell recruitment to the spleen, and impaired myeloid differentiation with better preservation of HSC capacity compared to WT. Co-IP analysis revealed that BATF2 forms a complex with JUN to amplify pro-inflammatory signaling pathways including CCL5 during infection. Blockade of CCL5 receptors phenocopied Batf2 KO differentiation defects, whereas treatment with recombinant CCL5 was sufficient to rescue IFNγ-induced myeloid differentiation and recruit more immune cells to the spleen in Batf2 KO mice. By revealing the mechanism of BATF2-induced myeloid differentiation of HSCs, these studies elucidate potential therapeutic strategies to boost immunity while preserving HSC function during chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy T. Le
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marcus A. Florez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, GSBS, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pawel Kus
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Brandon T. Tran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Cancer and Cell Biology, GSBS, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bailee Kain
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, GSBS, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yingmin Zhu
- Protein and Antibody Production Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kurt Christensen
- Protein and Antibody Production Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antrix Jain
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine Y. King
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
- Corresponding author
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8
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Yang L, Shen WW, Shao W, Zhao Q, Pang GZ, Yang Y, Tao XF, Zhang WP, Mei Q, Shen YX. MANF ameliorates DSS-induced mouse colitis via restricting Ly6C hiCX3CR1 int macrophage transformation and suppressing CHOP-BATF2 signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1175-1190. [PMID: 36635421 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-01045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), an endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible secreting protein, has evolutionarily conserved immune-regulatory function that contributes to the negative regulation of inflammation in macrophages. In this study, we investigated the profiles of MANF in the macrophages of the patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the mice with experimental colitis, which was induced in both myeloid cell-specific MANF knockout mice and wild-type mice by 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 7 days. We found that MANF expression was significantly increased in intestinal macrophages from both the mice with experimental colitis and patients with active IBD. DSS-induced colitis was exacerbated in myeloid cell-specific MANF knockout mice. Injection of recombinant human MANF (rhMANF, 10 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.v.) from D4 to D6 significantly ameliorated experimental colitis in DSS-treated mice. More importantly, MANF deficiency in myeloid cells resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of Ly6ChiCX3CRint proinflammatory macrophages in colon lamina propria of DSS-treated mice, and the proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were upregulated as well. Meanwhile, we demonstrated that MANF attenuated Th17-mediated immunopathology by inhibiting BATF2-mediated innate immune response and downregulating CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11 and IL-12p40; MANF functioned as a negative regulator in inflammatory macrophages via inhibiting CHOP-BATF2 signaling pathway, thereby protecting against DSS-induced mouse colitis. These results suggest that MANF ameliorates colon injury by negatively regulating inflammatory macrophage transformation, which shed light on a potential therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wen-Wen Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei Shao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Gao-Zong Pang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Tao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiong Mei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yu-Xian Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China. .,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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9
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Loss of the Immunomodulatory Transcription Factor BATF2 in Humans Is Associated with a Neurological Phenotype. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020227. [PMID: 36672163 PMCID: PMC9856319 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy and mental retardation are known to be associated with pathogenic mutations in a broad range of genes that are expressed in the brain and have a role in neurodevelopment. Here, we report on a family with three affected individuals whose clinical symptoms closely resemble a neurodevelopmental disorder. Whole-exome sequencing identified a homozygous stop-gain mutation, p.Gln19*, in the BATF2 gene in the patients. The BATF2 transcription factor is predominantly expressed in macrophages and monocytes and has been reported to modulate AP-1 transcription factor-mediated pro-inflammatory responses. Transcriptome analysis showed altered base-level expression of interferon-stimulated genes in the patients' blood, typical for type I interferonopathies. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from all three patients demonstrated elevated responses to innate immune stimuli, which could be reproduced in CRISPR-Cas9-generated BATF2-/- human monocytic cell lines. BATF2 is, therefore, a novel disease-associated gene candidate for severe epilepsy and mental retardation related to dysregulation of immune responses, which underscores the relevance of neuroinflammation for epilepsy.
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10
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Bajo-Morales J, Prieto-Prieto JC, Herrera LJ, Rojas I, Castillo-Secilla D. COVID-19 Biomarkers Recognition & Classification Using Intelligent Systems. Curr Bioinform 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893617666220328125029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background:
SARS-CoV-2 has paralyzed mankind due to its high transmissibility and its associated mortality, causing millions of infections and deaths worldwide. The search for gene expression biomarkers from the host transcriptional response to infection may help understand the underlying mechanisms by which the virus causes COVID-19. This research proposes a smart methodology integrating different RNA-Seq datasets from SARS-CoV-2, other respiratory diseases, and healthy patients.
Methods:
The proposed pipeline exploits the functionality of the ‘KnowSeq’ R/Bioc package, integrating different data sources and attaining a significantly larger gene expression dataset, thus endowing the results with higher statistical significance and robustness in comparison with previous studies in the literature. A detailed preprocessing step was carried out to homogenize the samples and build a clinical decision system for SARS-CoV-2. It uses machine learning techniques such as feature selection algorithm and supervised classification system. This clinical decision system uses the most differentially expressed genes among different diseases (including SARS-Cov-2) to develop a four-class classifier.
Results:
The multiclass classifier designed can discern SARS-CoV-2 samples, reaching an accuracy equal to 91.5%, a mean F1-Score equal to 88.5%, and a SARS-CoV-2 AUC equal to 94% by using only 15 genes as predictors. A biological interpretation of the gene signature extracted reveals relations with processes involved in viral responses.
Conclusion:
This work proposes a COVID-19 gene signature composed of 15 genes, selected after applying the feature selection ‘minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance’ algorithm. The integration among several RNA-Seq datasets was a success, allowing for a considerable large number of samples and therefore providing greater statistical significance to the results than previous studies. Biological interpretation of the selected genes was also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Bajo-Morales
- Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of Granada. C.I.T.I.C., Periodista Rafael Gómez Montero, 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Prieto-Prieto
- Nuclear Medicine Department, IMIBIC, University Hospital Reina Sofia, Menéndez Pidal Avenue, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Herrera
- Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of Granada. C.I.T.I.C., Periodista Rafael Gómez Montero, 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rojas
- Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of Granada. C.I.T.I.C., Periodista Rafael Gómez Montero, 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel Castillo-Secilla
- Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of Granada. C.I.T.I.C., Periodista Rafael Gómez Montero, 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
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11
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Kieswetter NS, Ozturk M, Hlaka L, Chia JE, Nichol RJO, Cross JM, McGee LMC, Tyson-Hirst I, Beveridge R, Brombacher F, Carter KC, Suckling CJ, Scott FJ, Guler R. OUP accepted manuscript. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:1061-1071. [PMID: 35084027 PMCID: PMC8969509 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Objectives Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan S. Kieswetter
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Mumin Ozturk
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Lerato Hlaka
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Julius Ebua Chia
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Ryan J. O. Nichol
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Jasmine M. Cross
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Leah M. C. McGee
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Izaak Tyson-Hirst
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Rebecca Beveridge
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Frank Brombacher
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Katharine C. Carter
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy of Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland
| | - Colin J. Suckling
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Fraser J. Scott
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Reto Guler
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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12
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Domaszewska T, Zyla J, Otto R, Kaufmann SHE, Weiner J. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis Reveals Individual Variability in Host Responses in Tuberculosis Patients. Front Immunol 2021; 12:694680. [PMID: 34421903 PMCID: PMC8375662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.694680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Group-aggregated responses to tuberculosis (TB) have been well characterized on a molecular level. However, human beings differ and individual responses to infection vary. We have combined a novel approach to individual gene set analysis (GSA) with the clustering of transcriptomic profiles of TB patients from seven datasets in order to identify individual molecular endotypes of transcriptomic responses to TB. We found that TB patients differ with respect to the intensity of their hallmark interferon (IFN) responses, but they also show variability in their complement system, metabolic responses and multiple other pathways. This variability cannot be sufficiently explained with covariates such as gender or age, and the molecular endotypes are found across studies and populations. Using datasets from a Cynomolgus macaque model of TB, we revealed that transcriptional signatures of different molecular TB endotypes did not depend on TB progression post-infection. Moreover, we provide evidence that patients with molecular endotypes characterized by high levels of IFN responses (IFN-rich), suffered from more severe lung pathology than those with lower levels of IFN responses (IFN-low). Harnessing machine learning (ML) models, we derived gene signatures classifying IFN-rich and IFN-low TB endotypes and revealed that the IFN-low signature allowed slightly more reliable overall classification of TB patients from non-TB patients than the IFN-rich one. Using the paradigm of molecular endotypes and the ML-based predictions allows more precisely tailored treatment regimens, predicting treatment-outcome with higher accuracy and therefore bridging the gap between conventional treatment and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Domaszewska
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joanna Zyla
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Raik Otto
- Knowledge Management in Bioinformatics, Institute for Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan H. E. Kaufmann
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Emeritus Group Systems Immunology, Göttingen, Germany
- Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - January Weiner
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Li C, Liu M, Liu K, Li M, Liu Y, Li T, Wei Y, Long Y, He W, Shi X, Li Y, Zhang H. BATF2 balances the T cell-mediated immune response of CADM with an anti-MDA5 autoantibody. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 551:155-160. [PMID: 33740622 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) is a subtype of dermatomyositis (DM) characterized by low-grade or absent muscle inflammation but frequent and rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) and skin ulcers with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) autoantibodies. Basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like 2 (BATF2) is thought to function as an inhibitor of tumours and inflammation. Here, we aimed to investigate the roles of BATF2 in Th cell differentiation of CADM with an anti-MDA5 autoantibody (anti-MDA5+ CADM). METHODS Naive CD4+ T cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy controls (HCs) were isolated and then cultured with IL-12, TGF-β or TGF-β plus IL-6 following anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 stimulations. The expression of BATF2 was measured by real-time PCR. The percentages of Th1, Th17 and Treg CD4+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry. BATF2 knockdown of CD4+ T cells was performed using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). RESULTS The expression of BATF2 in PBMCs was higher in anti-MDA5+ CADM patients than in healthy controls. The BATF2 mRNA expression was increased under Th1 and Treg polarization but decreased under Th17 polarization. Th17 cell activation-associated genes were possibly increased while Th1 and Treg cell differentiation-associated genes were inhibited by posttranscriptional gene silencing of BATF2 in CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS BATF2 promoted Th1 and Treg cell differentiation but suppressed Th17 cell activation in anti-MDA5+ CADM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Meidong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Muyuan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Yanjuan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Yu Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Ying Long
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Weijia He
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Xueyan Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Yisha Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Huali Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
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14
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Hadebe S, Chengalroyen M, Guler R, Nakedi K, Koch A, Makatsa M, Shey M, Parihar SP, Bryson B, Marakalala MJ, Ndlovu H. Intervening along the spectrum of tuberculosis: meeting report from the World TB Day nanosymposium in the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine at the University of Cape Town. Gates Open Res 2020; 3:1491. [PMID: 32478309 PMCID: PMC7241047 DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13035.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the highly infectious Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 1.6 million associated deaths reported in 2017. In South Africa, an estimated 322,000 (range 230,000-428,000) people were infected with TB in 2017, and a quarter of them lost their lives due to the disease. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the only effective vaccine against disseminated TB, but its inability to confer complete protection against pulmonary TB in adolescents and adults calls for an urgent need to develop new and better vaccines. There is also a need to identify markers of disease protection and develop novel drugs. It is within this backdrop that we convened a nanosymposium at the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine at the University of Cape Town to commemorate World TB Day and showcase recent findings generated by early career scientists in the institute. The speakers spoke on four broad topics: identification of novel drug targets, development of host-directed drug therapies, transmission of TB and immunology of TB/HIV co-infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabelo Hadebe
- Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Cape Town, Westen Cape, 7925, South Africa
| | - Melissa Chengalroyen
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Molecular Mycobacteriology unit, Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine based (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
| | - Reto Guler
- Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Cape Town, Westen Cape, 7925, South Africa.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, Westen Cape, 7925, South Africa.,Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM) & Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
| | - Kehilwe Nakedi
- Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
| | - Anastasia Koch
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Molecular Mycobacteriology unit, Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine based (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
| | - Mohau Makatsa
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Westen Cape, 7925, South Africa
| | - Muki Shey
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM) & Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
| | - Suraj P Parihar
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM) & Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
| | - Bryan Bryson
- MIT Biological Engineering, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, MA 02142, USA
| | - Mohlopheni J Marakalala
- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa, Durban, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, South Africa
| | - Hlumani Ndlovu
- Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
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15
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Kayama H, Tani H, Kitada S, Opasawatchai A, Okumura R, Motooka D, Nakamura S, Takeda K. BATF2 prevents T-cell-mediated intestinal inflammation through regulation of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway. Int Immunol 2020; 31:371-383. [PMID: 30753547 PMCID: PMC6528702 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate activation of the IL-23 signaling pathway causes chronic inflammation through the induction of immunopathological Th17 cells in several tissues including the intestine, whereas adequate Th17 responses are essential for host defense against harmful organisms. In the intestinal lamina propria, IL-23 is primarily produced by innate myeloid cells including dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (Mϕs). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of IL-23 production by these cells remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that BATF2 regulates intestinal homeostasis by inhibiting IL-23-driven T-cell responses. Batf2 was highly expressed in intestinal innate myeloid subsets, such as monocytes, CD11b+ CD64+ Mϕs and CD103+ DCs. Batf2-/- mice spontaneously developed colitis and ileitis with altered microbiota composition. In this context, IL-23, but not TNF-α and IL-10, was produced in high quantities by intestinal CD11b+ CD64+ Mϕs from Batf2-/- mice compared with wild-type mice. Moreover, increased numbers of IFN-γ+, IL-17+ and IFN-γ+ IL-17+ CD4+ T cells, but not IL-10+ CD4+ T cells, accumulated in the colons and small intestines of Batf2-/- mice. In addition, RORγt-expressing innate lymphoid cells were increased in Batf2-/- mice. Batf2-/-Rag2-/- mice showed a reduction in intestinal inflammation present in Batf2-/- mice. Furthermore, the high numbers of intestinal IL-17+ and IFN-γ+ IL-17+ CD4+ T cells were markedly reduced in Batf2-/- mice when introducing Il23a deficiency, which was associated with the abrogation of intestinal inflammation. These results indicated that BATF2 in innate myeloid cells is a key molecule for the suppression of IL-23/IL-17 pathway-mediated adaptive intestinal pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Kayama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Tani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Kitada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anunya Opasawatchai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ryu Okumura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takeda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Zhang W, Dai L, Li X, Li Y, Hung Yap MK, Liu L, Deng H. SARI prevents ocular angiogenesis and inflammation in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4341-4349. [PMID: 32119762 PMCID: PMC7171405 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SARI (Suppressor of AP‐1, regulated by IFN‐β) is known to play an important role in some systemic disease processes such an inflammatory conditions and cancer. We hypothesize that SARI may also play a role in ocular diseases involving inflammation and neovascularization. To explore our hypothesis, further, we investigated an endotoxin‐induced uveitis (EIU) and experimental argon laser‐induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) model in SARI wild‐type (SARIWT) and SARI‐deficient (SARI−/−) mice. Through imaging, morphological and immunohistochemical (IHC) studies, we found that SARI deficiency exacerbated the growth of CNV. More VEGF‐positive cells were presented in the retina of SARI−/− mice with CNV. Compared to SARIWT mice, more inflammatory cells infiltrated the ocular anterior segment and posterior segments in SARI−/− mice with EIU. Collectively, the results point to a potential dual functional role of SARI in inflammatory ocular diseases, suggesting that SARI could be a potential therapy target for ocular inflammation and neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Ahmed M, Thirunavukkarasu S, Rosa BA, Thomas KA, Das S, Rangel-Moreno J, Lu L, Mehra S, Mbandi SK, Thackray LB, Diamond MS, Murphy KM, Means T, Martin J, Kaushal D, Scriba TJ, Mitreva M, Khader SA. Immune correlates of tuberculosis disease and risk translate across species. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaay0233. [PMID: 31996462 PMCID: PMC7354419 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One quarter of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB). Although most infected individuals successfully control or clear the infection, some individuals will progress to TB disease. Immune correlates identified using animal models are not always effectively translated to human TB, thus resulting in a slow pace of translational discoveries from animal models to human TB for many platforms including vaccines, therapeutics, biomarkers, and diagnostic discovery. Therefore, it is critical to improve our poor understanding of immune correlates of disease and protection that are shared across animal TB models and human TB. In this study, we have provided an in-depth identification of the conserved and diversified gene/immune pathways in TB models of nonhuman primate and diversity outbred mouse and human TB. Our results show that prominent differentially expressed genes/pathways induced during TB disease progression are conserved in genetically diverse mice, macaques, and humans. In addition, using gene-deficient inbred mouse models, we have addressed the functional role of individual genes comprising the gene signature of disease progression seen in humans with Mtb infection. We show that genes representing specific immune pathways can be protective, detrimental, or redundant in controlling Mtb infection and translate into identifying immune pathways that mediate TB immunopathology in humans. Together, our cross-species findings provide insights into modeling TB disease and the immunological basis of TB disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Bruce A Rosa
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kimberly A Thomas
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shibali Das
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14624, USA
| | - Lan Lu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Smriti Mehra
- Department of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Stanley Kimbung Mbandi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Larissa B Thackray
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Terry Means
- Autoimmunity Cluster, Immunology & Inflammation Therapeutic Area, Sanofi, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - John Martin
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shabaana A Khader
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Hadebe S, Chengalroyen M, Guler R, Nakedi K, Koch A, Makatsa M, Shey M, Parihar SP, Bryson B, Marakalala MJ, Ndlovu H. Intervening along the spectrum of tuberculosis: meeting report from the World TB Day nanosymposium in the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine at the University of Cape Town. Gates Open Res 2019; 3:1491. [DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13035.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the highly infectious Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 1.6 million associated deaths reported in 2017. In South Africa, an estimated 322,000 (range 230,000-428,000) people were infected with TB in 2017, and a quarter of them lost their lives due to the disease. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the only effective vaccine against disseminated TB, but its inability to confer complete protection against pulmonary TB in adolescents and adults calls for an urgent need to develop new and better vaccines. There is also a need to identify markers of disease protection and develop novel drugs. It is within this backdrop that we convened a nanosymposium at the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine at the University of Cape Town to commemorate World TB Day and showcase recent findings generated by early career scientists in the institute. The speakers spoke on four broad topics: identification of novel drug targets, development of host-directed drug therapies, transmission of TB and immunology of TB/HIV co-infections.
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19
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RNA-Seq analysis of ileocecal valve and peripheral blood from Holstein cattle infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis revealed dysregulation of the CXCL8/IL8 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14845. [PMID: 31619718 PMCID: PMC6795908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Paratuberculosis is chronic granulomatous enteritis of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Whole RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a promising source of novel biomarkers for early MAP infection and disease progression in cattle. Since the blood transcriptome is widely used as a source of biomarkers, we analyzed whether it recapitulates, at least in part, the transcriptome of the ileocecal valve (ICV), the primary site of MAP colonization. Total RNA was prepared from peripheral blood (PB) and ICV samples, and RNA-Seq was used to compare gene expression between animals with focal or diffuse histopathological lesions in gut tissues versus control animals with no detectable signs of infection. Our results demonstrated both shared, and PB and ICV-specific gene expression in response to a natural MAP infection. As expected, the number of differentially expressed (DE) genes was larger in the ICV than in the PB samples. Among the DE genes in the PB and ICV samples, there were some common genes irrespective of the type of lesion including the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8/IL8), apolipoprotein L (APOLD1), and the interferon inducible protein 27 (IFI27). The biological processes (BP) enriched in the PB gene expression profiles from the cows with diffuse lesions included the killing of cells of other organism, defense response, immune response and the regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis. Two of these BP, the defense and immune response, were also enriched in the ICV from the cows with diffuse lesions. Metabolic analysis of the DE genes revealed that the N-glycan biosynthesis, bile secretion, one-carbon pool by folate and purine metabolism were significantly enriched in the ICV from the cows with focal lesions. In the ICV from cows with diffuse lesions; the valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation route, purine metabolism, vitamin digestion and absorption and the cholesterol routes were enriched. Some of the identified DE genes, BP and metabolic pathways will be studied further to develop novel diagnostic tools, vaccines and immunotherapeutics.
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Hadebe S, Chengalroyen M, Guler R, Nakedi K, Koch A, Makatsa M, Shey M, Parihar SP, Bryson B, Marakalala MJ, Ndlovu H. Intervening along the spectrum of tuberculosis: meeting report from the World TB Day nanosymposium in the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine at the University of Cape Town. Gates Open Res 2019; 3:1491. [DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13035.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the highly infectious Mycobacteriumtuberculosis, remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 1.6 million associated deaths reported in 2017. In South Africa, an estimated 322,000 people were infected with TB in 2017, and a quarter of them lost their lives due to the disease. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the only effective vaccine against disseminated TB, but its inability to confer complete protection against pulmonary TB in adolescents and adults calls for an urgent need to develop new and better vaccines. There is also a need to identify markers of disease protection and develop novel drugs. On March 25th 2019, the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine at the University of Cape Town hosted the second annual World TB Day nanosymposium. The theme of the nanosymposium was “Intervening across the spectrum of TB II” and the goal was to commemorate World TB Day by showcasing research insights shared by early-career scientists and researchers in the field. The speakers spoke on four broad topics: identification of novel drug targets, development of host-directed drug therapies, transmission of TB and immunology of TB/HIV co-infections. Assistant Professor Bryan Bryson gave a highly interesting keynote address that showcased the application of engineering tools to answer fundamental biological questions, particularly in the context of TB.
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Hadebe S, Chengalroyen M, Guler R, Nakedi K, Koch A, Makatsa M, Shey M, Parihar SP, Bryson B, Marakalala MJ, Ndlovu H. Intervening along the spectrum of tuberculosis: meeting report from the World TB Day nanosymposium in the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine at the University of Cape Town. Gates Open Res 2019; 3:1491. [DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13035.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis, caused by the highly infectious Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 1.6 million associated deaths reported in 2017. In South Africa, an estimated 322,000 people were infected with TB in 2017, and a quarter of them lost their lives due to the disease. Bacille Calmette-Guérin remains the only effective vaccine against disseminated TB, but its inability to confer complete protection against pulmonary TB in adolescents and adults calls for an urgent need to develop new and better vaccines. There is also a need to identify markers of disease protection and develop novel drugs. On March 25th 2019, the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine at the University of Cape Town hosted the second annual World TB Day nanosymposium. The theme of the nanosymposium was “Intervening across the spectrum of TB II” and the goal was to commemorate World TB Day by showcasing research insights shared by early-career scientists and researchers in the field. The speakers spoke on four broad topics: identification of novel drug targets, development of host-directed drug therapies, transmission of tuberculosis and immunology of TB/HIV co-infections. Assistant Professor Bryan Bryson gave a highly interesting keynote address that showcased the application of engineering tools to answer fundamental biological questions, particularly in the context of tuberculosis.
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