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Sharma KR, Adhikari S. Phytochemical analysis and biological activities of Artemisia vulgaris grown in different altitudes of Nepal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2166954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Khaga Raj Sharma
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Saroj Adhikari
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Wang C, Zhang X, Li C, Li N, Jia X, Zhao H. Construction and Validation of a Model for Predicting Impaired Fasting Glucose Based on More Than 4000 General Population. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:1415-1428. [PMID: 37155467 PMCID: PMC10122862 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s409426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is associated with an increased risk of multiple diseases. Therefore, the early identification and intervention of IFG are particularly significant. Our study aims to construct and validate a clinical and laboratory-based nomogram (CLN) model for predicting IFG risk. Patients and Methods This cross-sectional study collected information on health check-up subjects. Risk predictors were screened mainly by the LASSO regression analysis and were applied to construct the CLN model. Furthermore, we showed examples of applications. Then, the accuracy of the CLN model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) values, and the calibration curve of the CLN model in the training set and validation set, respectively. The decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to estimate the level of clinical benefit. Furthermore, the performance of the CLN model was evaluated in the independent validation dataset. Results In the model development dataset, 2340 subjects were randomly assigned to the training set (N = 1638) and validation set (N = 702). Six predictors significantly associated with IFG were screened and used in the construction of the CLN model, a subject was randomly selected, and the risk of developing IFG was predicted to be 83.6% by using the CLN model. The AUC values of the CLN model were 0.783 in the training set and 0.789 in the validation set. The calibration curve demonstrated good concordance. DCA showed that the CLN model has good clinical application. We further performed independent validation (N = 1875), showed an AUC of 0.801, with the good agreement and clinical diagnostic value. Conclusion We developed and validated the CLN model that could predict the risk of IFG in the general population. It not only facilitates the diagnosis and treatment of IFG but also helps to reduce the medical and economic burdens of IFG-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Wang
- Department of Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenwei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of General Practice, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueni Jia
- Department of Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hui Zhao, Department of Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-17709875689, Email
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Chemical Characterization, α-Glucosidase, α-Amylase and Lipase Inhibitory Properties of the Australian Honey Bee Propolis. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131964. [PMID: 35804780 PMCID: PMC9266216 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of functional foods and nutraceuticals as a complementary therapy for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes and obesity has steadily increased over the past few decades. With the aim of exploring the therapeutic potentials of Australian propolis, this study reports the chemical and biological investigation of a propolis sample collected in the Queensland state of Australia which exhibited a potent activity in an in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory screening. The chemical investigation of the propolis resulted in the identification of six known prenylated flavonoids including propolins C, D, F, G, H, and solophenol D. These compounds potently inhibited the α-glucosidase and two other enzymes associated with diabetes and obesity, α-amylase, and lipase on in vitro and in silico assays. These findings suggest that this propolis is a potential source for the development of a functional food to prevent type 2 diabetes and obesity. The chemical analysis revealed that this propolis possessed a chemical fingerprint relatively similar to the Pacific propolis found in Okinawa (South of Japan), Taiwan, and the Solomon Islands. This is the first time the Pacific propolis has been identified in Australia.
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Antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-obesity effects of phenylthio-ethyl benzoate derivatives, and molecular docking study regarding α-amylase enzyme. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3108. [PMID: 35210523 PMCID: PMC8873473 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their wide therapeutic application, benzoates and benzoic acid derivatives are the most commonly utilized food preservatives. The purpose of this study was to estimate the antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity activities of four 2-(phenylthio)-ethyl benzoate derivatives utilizing standard biomedical assays. The results revealed that the 2a compound has potent antidiabetic activity through the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glycosidase with IC50 doses of 3.57 ± 1.08 and 10.09 ± 0.70 µg/ml, respectively, compared with the positive control acarbose (IC50 = 6.47 and 44.79 µg/ml), respectively. In addition, by utilizing the β-carotene linoleic acid and DPPH methods, the 2a compound showed the highest antioxidant activity compared with positive controls. Moreover, the 2a compound showed potential anti-lipase activity with an IC50 dose of 107.95 ± 1.88 µg/ml compared to orlistat (IC50 = 25.01 ± 0.78 µg/ml). A molecular docking study was used to understand the interactions between four derivatives of (2-(phenylthio)-ethyl benzoate with α-amylase binding pocket. The present study concludes that the 2a compound could be exploited for further antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-obesity preclinical and clinical tests and design suitable pharmaceutical forms to treat these global health problems.
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Kantak MN, Bharate SS. Analysis of clinical trials on biomaterial and therapeutic applications of chitosan: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 278:118999. [PMID: 34973801 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is a modified natural carbohydrate polymer derived from chitin that occurs in many natural sources. It has a diverse range of applications in medical and pharmaceutical sciences. Its primary and permitted use is biomaterial in medical devices. Chitosan and its derivatives also find utility in pharmaceuticals as an excipient, drug carrier, or therapeutic agent. The USFDA has approved chitosan usage as a biomaterial but not for pharmaceutical use, primarily because of the concerns over its source, purity, and immunogenicity. A large number of clinical studies are underway on chitosan-based materials/ products because of their diverse applications. Herein, we analyze clinical studies to understand their clinical usage portfolio. Our analysis shows that >100 clinical studies are underway to investigate the safety/efficacy of chitosan or its biomaterials/ nanoparticles, comprising ~95% interventional and ~ 5% observational studies. The regulatory considerations that limit the use of chitosan in pharmaceuticals are also deliberated. TEASER: Clinical Trials of Chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maithili N Kantak
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Sonali S Bharate
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India.
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Liu SH, Chen FW, Chiang MT. Chitosan Oligosaccharide Alleviates Abnormal Glucose Metabolism without Inhibition of Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in a High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Model. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19070360. [PMID: 34201848 PMCID: PMC8306302 DOI: 10.3390/md19070360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on glucose metabolism and hepatic steatosis in a high-fat (HF) diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Male Wistar rats were divided into: (1) normal control (NC group), (2) HF diet (HF group), (3) streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes with HF diet (DF group), and DF group supplemented with (4) 0.5% COS (D0.5F group), (5) 1% COS (D1F group), and (6) 5% COS (D5F group) for 4 weeks. COS supplementation significantly decreased the plasma glucose, BUN, creatinine, uric acid, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) levels, and hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase activity, and significantly increased hepatic hexokinase activity and glycogen content in diabetic rats; but the increased hepatic TG and TC levels could not be significantly decreased by COS supplementation. Supplementation of COS increased superoxide dismutase activity and decreased lipid peroxidation products in the diabetic rat livers. COS supplementation significantly increased phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein expression, and attenuated protein expression of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and phosphorylated p38 and renal sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) in diabetic rats. These results suggest that COS may possess a potential for alleviating abnormal glucose metabolism in diabetic rats through the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipid peroxidation and renal SGLT2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Hwa Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Tsan Chiang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
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Hawash M, Jaradat N, Shekfeh S, Abualhasan M, Eid AM, Issa L. Molecular docking, chemo-informatic properties, alpha-amylase, and lipase inhibition studies of benzodioxol derivatives. BMC Chem 2021; 15:40. [PMID: 34162414 PMCID: PMC8220737 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-021-00766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, available therapies for diabetes could not achieve normal sugar values in a high percentage of treated patients. In this research project, a series of 17 benzodioxole derivatives were evaluated as antidiabetic agents; that belong to three different groups were evaluated against lipase and alpha-amylase (α-amylase) enzymes. The results showed that 14 compounds have potent inhibitory activities against α-amylase with IC50 values below 10 µg/ml. Among these compounds, 4f was the most potent compound with an IC50 value of 1.11 µg/ml compared to the anti-glycemic agent acarbose (IC50 6.47 µg/ml). On the contrary, these compounds showed weak or negligible activities against lipase enzyme. However, compound 6a showed the best inhibitory anti-lipase activity with IC50 44.1 µg/ml. Moreover, all the synthesized compounds were undergone Molinspiration calculation, and the result showed that all compounds obeyed Lipinski's rule of five. Molecular docking studies were performed to illustrate the binding interactions between the benzodioxole derivatives and α-amylase enzyme pocket. Related to the obtained results it was clear that the carboxylic acid, benzodioxole ring, halogen or methoxy substituted aryl are important for the anti-amylase activities. The potent inhibitory results of some of the synthesized compounds suggest that these molecules should go further in vivo evaluation. It also suggests the benzodioxole derivatives as lead compounds for developing new drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hawash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, 00970, Palestine.
| | - Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Suhaib Shekfeh
- Chemometrics and Analytical Chemistry, Modern Testing Services, Povinostr. 52, 86153, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Murad Abualhasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Ahmad M Eid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Linda Issa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
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Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Properties of FeO Fabricated Chitosan/PVA Nanocomposite Sponge. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050524. [PMID: 34063621 PMCID: PMC8147619 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic and anemia-associated diabetic wounds increase the considerable morbidity and mortality in people, as reported by clinical studies. However, no anemia-associated diabetic wound dressing materials have been developed until now. Hence, this study aimed to develop a nanocomposite scaffold composed of chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and phytogenic iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs), for accelerated anemia-associated diabetic wound healing. The aqueous leaves extract of Pinus densiflora (PD) was utilized for the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs). TEM and elemental analysis confirmed smaller size PD-FeO NPs (<50 nm) synthesis with the combination of iron and oxide. In addition, in vitro biological studies displayed the moderate antioxidant, antidiabetic activities, and considerable antibacterial activity of PD-FeO NPs. Further, the different concentrations of PD-FeO NPs (0.01, 0.03, and 0.05%) incorporated CS/PVA nanocomposites sponges were developed by the freeze-drying method. The porous structured morphology and the presence of PD-FeO NPs were observed under FE-SEM. Among nanocomposite sponges, PD-FeO NPs (0.01%) incorporated CS/PVA sponges were further chosen for the in vitro wound-healing assay, based on the porous and water sorption nature. Furthermore, the in vitro wound-healing assay revealed that PD-FeO NPs (0.01%) incorporated CS/PVA has significantly increased the cell proliferation in HEK293 cells. In conclusion, the CS/PVA-PD-FeO NPs (0.01%) sponge would be recommended for diabetic wound dressing after a detailed in vivo evaluation.
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Zhou DY, Wu ZX, Yin FW, Song S, Li A, Zhu BW, Yu LL(L. Chitosan and Derivatives: Bioactivities and Application in Foods. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2021; 12:407-432. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-070720-112725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic aminopolysaccharide. This review summarizes and discusses the structural modifications, including substitution, grafting copolymerization, cross-linking, and hydrolysis, utilized to improve the physicochemical properties and enhance the bioactivity and functionality of chitosan and related materials. This manuscript also reviews the current progress and potential of chitosan and its derivatives in body-weight management and antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, antimicrobial antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory activities as well as their ability to interact with gut microbiota. In addition, the potential of chitosan and its derivatives as functional ingredients in food systems, such as film and coating materials, and delivery systems is discussed. This manuscript aims to provide up-to-date information to stimulate future discussion and research to promote the value-added utilization of chitosan in improving the safety, quality, nutritional value and health benefits, and sustainability of our food system while reducing the environmental hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Yong Zhou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Fa-Wen Yin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ao Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Bei-Wei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Liang-Li (Lucy) Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Satitsri S, Muanprasat C. Chitin and Chitosan Derivatives as Biomaterial Resources for Biological and Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245961. [PMID: 33339290 PMCID: PMC7766609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin is a long-chain polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine, which is regularly found in the exoskeleton of arthropods including insects, shellfish and the cell wall of fungi. It has been known that chitin can be used for biological and biomedical applications, especially as a biomaterial for tissue repairing, encapsulating drug for drug delivery. However, chitin has been postulated as an inducer of proinflammatory cytokines and certain diseases including asthma. Likewise, chitosan, a long-chain polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine and d-glucosamine derived from chitin deacetylation, and chitosan oligosaccharide, a short chain polymer, have been known for their potential therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, and anti-Alzheimer effects. This review summarizes potential utilization and limitation of chitin, chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide in a variety of diseases. Furthermore, future direction of research and development of chitin, chitosan, and chitosan oligosaccharide for biomedical applications is discussed.
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Intestinal Population in Host with Metabolic Syndrome during Administration of Chitosan and Its Derivatives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245857. [PMID: 33322383 PMCID: PMC7764266 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan and its derivatives can alleviate metabolic syndrome by different regulation mechanisms, phosphorylation of AMPK (AMP-activated kinase) and Akt (also known as protein kinase B), suppression of PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ) and SREBP-1c (sterol regulatory element–binding proteins), and translocation of GLUT4 (glucose transporter-4), and also the downregulation of fatty-acid-transport proteins, fatty-acid-binding proteins, fatty acid synthetase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase), and HMG-CoA reductase (hydroxy methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase). The improved microbial profiles in the gastrointestinal tract were positively correlated with the improved glucose and lipid profiles in hosts with metabolic syndrome. Hence, this review will summarize the current literature illustrating positive correlations between the alleviated conditions in metabolic syndrome hosts and the normalized gut microbiota in hosts with metabolic syndrome after treatment with chitosan and its derivatives, implying that the possibility of chitosan and its derivatives to serve as therapeutic application will be consolidated. Chitosan has been shown to modulate cardiometabolic symptoms (e.g., lipid and glycemic levels, blood pressure) as well as gut microbiota. However, the literature that summarizes the relationship between such metabolic modulation of chitosan and prebiotic-like effects is limited. This review will discuss the connection among their structures, biological properties, and prebiotic effects for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Our hope is that future researchers will consider the prebiotic effects as significant contributors to the mitigation of metabolic syndrome.
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Guo W, Yi L, Zhou B, Li M. Chitosan modifies glycemic levels in people with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Nutr J 2020; 19:130. [PMID: 33261597 PMCID: PMC7709411 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chitosan supplementation has been shown to modulate glycemic levels; however, studies have reported conflicting results. The present meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis was conducted to verify the overall influence of chitosan on glycemic levels in patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled studies of chitosan intake and glycemic levels. RESULTS A total of ten clinical trials including 1473 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled effect sizes were determined by random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed to analyze the sources of heterogeneity and their influence on the overall results. The results revealed a significant reduction in fasting glucose levels (SMD: - 0.39 mmol/L, 95% CI: - 0.62 to - 0.16) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (SMD: -1.10; 95% CI: - 2.15 to - 0.06) following chitosan supplementation but no effect on insulin levels (SMD: - 0.20 pmol/L, 95% CI: - 0.64 to 0.24). Subgroup analyses further demonstrated significant reductions in fasting glucose levels in subjects administered 1.6-3 g of chitosan per day and in studies longer than 13 weeks. Trial sequential analysis of the pooled results of the hypoglycemic effect demonstrated that the cumulative Z-curve crossed both the conventional boundary and trial sequential monitoring boundary for glucose and HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS The glucose level of patients who are diabetic and obese/overweight can be improved by supplementation with chitosan for at least 13 weeks at 1.6-3 g per day. Additional clinical research data are needed to confirm the role of chitosan, particularly in regulating glycosylated hemoglobin and insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Guo
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Traditional Medicine, No. 11 Jian Kang Street, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | - Letai Yi
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Traditional Medicine, No. 11 Jian Kang Street, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | - Baochang Zhou
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Minhui Li
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Traditional Medicine, No. 11 Jian Kang Street, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China.
- Inner Mongolia Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, 010020, China.
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014060, China.
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Sarkar S, Das D, Dutta P, Kalita J, Wann SB, Manna P. Chitosan: A promising therapeutic agent and effective drug delivery system in managing diabetes mellitus. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 247:116594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Biocompatible fungal chitosan encapsulated phytogenic silver nanoparticles enhanced antidiabetic, antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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