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Nguyen TTK, Woo SM, Seo SU, Banstola A, Kim H, Duwa R, Vu ATT, Hong IS, Kwon TK, Yook S. Enhanced anticancer efficacy of TRAIL-conjugated and odanacatib-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in TRAIL resistant cancer. Biomaterials 2025; 312:122733. [PMID: 39106819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) demonstrates unique characteristics in anticancer therapies as it selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells. However, most cancer cells are TRAIL-resistant. Odanacatib (ODN), a cathepsin K inhibitor, is considered a novel sensitizer for cancer treatment. Combination therapy between TRAIL and sensitizers is considered a potent platform that improves TRAIL-based anticancer therapies beyond TRAIL monotherapy. Herein, we developed ODN loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic) nanoparticles conjugated to GST-TRAIL (TRAIL-ODN-PLGA-NPs) to target and treat TRAIL-resistant cancer. TRAIL-ODN-PLGA-NPs demonstrated a significant increase in cellular uptake via death receptors (DR5 and DR4) on surface of cancer cells. TRAIL-ODN-PLGA-NPs exposure destroyed more TRAIL-resistant cells compared to a single treatment with free drugs. The released ODN decreased the Raptor protein, thereby increasing damage to mitochondria by elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Additionally, Bim protein stabilization improved TRAIL-resistant cell sensitization to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The in vivo biodistribution study revealed that TRAIL-ODN-PLGA-NPs demonstrated high location and retention in tumor sites via the intravenous route. Furthermore, TRAIL-ODN-PLGA-NPs significantly inhibited xenograft tumor models of TRAIL-resistant Caki-1 and TRAIL-sensitive MDA-MB-231 cells.The inhibition was associated with apoptosis activation, Raptor protein stabilizing Bim protein downregulation, Bax accumulation, and mitochondrial ROS generation elevation. Additionally, TRAIL-ODN-PLGA-NPs affected the tumor microenvironment by increasing tumor necrosis factor-α and reducing interleukin-6. In conclusion, we evealed that our formulation demonstrated synergistic effects against TRAIL compared with the combination of free drug in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore, TRAIL-ODN-PLGA-NPs may be a novel candidate for TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoa Thi Kim Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42602, Republic of Korea; Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Min Woo
- Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Un Seo
- Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Asmita Banstola
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haesoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42602, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramesh Duwa
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), School of medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - An Thi Thanh Vu
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42602, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Hong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Center for Forensic Pharmaceutical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea.
| | - Simmyung Yook
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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2
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He Z, Zhang H, Xiao H, Zhang X, Xu H, Sun R, Li S. Ubiquitylation of RUNX3 by RNA-binding ubiquitin ligase MEX3C promotes tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:216. [PMID: 38424632 PMCID: PMC10905843 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer, but the early diagnosis rate is low. The RNA-binding ubiquitin ligase MEX3C promotes tumorigenesis in several cancers but its mechanism of action in LUAD is unclear. In this study, the biological activity of MEX3C was assessed in LUAD. MEX3C and RUNX3 mRNA levels in the tissues of LUAD patients were determined using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. The involvement of MEX3C in the growth and metastasis of LUAD cells was measured by EdU assay, CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell assay, TUNEL, and flow cytometry. Expression of apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition related proteins were determined using western blotting analysis. LUAD cells transfected with si-MEX3C were administered to mice subcutaneously to monitor tumor progression and metastasis. We found that MEX3C is strongly upregulated in LUAD tissue sections, and involved in proliferation and migration. A549 and H1299 cells had significantly higher levels of MEX3C expression compared to control HBE cells. Knockdown of MEX3C dramatically decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and accelerated apoptosis. Mechanistically, we demonstrate MEX3C induces ubiquitylation and degradation of tumor suppressor RUNX3. Moreover, RUNX3 transcriptionally represses Suv39H1, as revealed by RNA pull-down and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. The in vivo mice model demonstrated that knockdown of MEX3C reduced LUAD growth and metastasis significantly. Collectively, we reveal a novel MEX3C-RUNX3-Suv39H1 signaling axis driving LUAD pathogenesis. Targeting MEX3C may represent a promising therapeutic strategy against LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelai He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Haibo Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272002, Shandong, China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China.
| | - Ruifen Sun
- Science and Technology Division, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Siwen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, Guangdong, China.
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Li S, Fan R, Wang Y, He K, Xu J, Li H. Application of calcium overload-based ion interference therapy in tumor treatment: strategies, outcomes, and prospects. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1352377. [PMID: 38425645 PMCID: PMC10902152 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1352377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Low selectivity and tumor drug resistance are the main hinderances to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy against tumor. Ion interference therapy is an innovative anti-tumor strategy that has been recently reported to induce metabolic disorders and inhibit proliferation of tumor cells by reordering bioactive ions within the tumor cells. Calcium cation (Ca2+) are indispensable for all physiological activities of cells. In particular, calcium overload, characterized by the abnormal intracellular Ca2+ accumulation, causes irreversible cell death. Consequently, calcium overload-based ion interference therapy has the potential to overcome resistance to traditional tumor treatment strategies and holds promise for clinical application. In this review, we 1) Summed up the current strategies employed in this therapy; 2) Described the outcome of tumor cell death resulting from this therapy; 3) Discussed its potential application in synergistic therapy with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Teaching Experiment Center, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Battalion, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruicheng Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Teaching Experiment Center, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuekai Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Teaching Experiment Center, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Battalion, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kunqian He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Teaching Experiment Center, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Battalion, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinhe Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Teaching Experiment Center, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Teaching Experiment Center, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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He J, Zhou Y, Sun L. Emerging mechanisms of the unfolded protein response in therapeutic resistance: from chemotherapy to Immunotherapy. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:89. [PMID: 38297380 PMCID: PMC10832166 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes ER stress and activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). As an adaptive cellular response to hostile microenvironments, such as hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, and chemotherapeutic drugs, the UPR is activated in diverse cancer types and functions as a dynamic tumour promoter in cancer development; this role of the UPR indicates that regulation of the UPR can be utilized as a target for tumour treatment. T-cell exhaustion mainly refers to effector T cells losing their effector functions and expressing inhibitory receptors, leading to tumour immune evasion and the loss of tumour control. Emerging evidence suggests that the UPR plays a crucial role in T-cell exhaustion, immune evasion, and resistance to immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the molecular basis of UPR activation, the effect of the UPR on immune evasion, the emerging mechanisms of the UPR in chemotherapy and immunotherapy resistance, and agents that target the UPR for tumour therapeutics. An understanding of the role of the UPR in immune evasion and therapeutic resistance will be helpful to identify new therapeutic modalities for cancer treatment. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang He
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Huan, China.
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Center for Molecular Imaging of Central, South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Medical College Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lunquan Sun
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Huan, China.
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Center for Molecular Imaging of Central, South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008, China.
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5
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Leung JM, Wu MJ, Kheradpour P, Chen C, Drake KA, Tong G, Ridaura VK, Zisser HC, Conrad WA, Hudson N, Allen J, Welberry C, Parsy-Kowalska C, Macdonald I, Tapson VF, Moy JN, deFilippi CR, Rosas IO, Basit M, Krishnan JA, Parthasarathy S, Prabhakar BS, Salvatore M, Kim CC. Early immune factors associated with the development of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized and non-hospitalized individuals. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1348041. [PMID: 38318183 PMCID: PMC10838987 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1348041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) that can persist for weeks to years following initial viral infection. Clinical manifestations of PASC are heterogeneous and often involve multiple organs. While many hypotheses have been made on the mechanisms of PASC and its associated symptoms, the acute biological drivers of PASC are still unknown. Methods We enrolled 494 patients with COVID-19 at their initial presentation to a hospital or clinic and followed them longitudinally to determine their development of PASC. From 341 patients, we conducted multi-omic profiling on peripheral blood samples collected shortly after study enrollment to investigate early immune signatures associated with the development of PASC. Results During the first week of COVID-19, we observed a large number of differences in the immune profile of individuals who were hospitalized for COVID-19 compared to those individuals with COVID-19 who were not hospitalized. Differences between individuals who did or did not later develop PASC were, in comparison, more limited, but included significant differences in autoantibodies and in epigenetic and transcriptional signatures in double-negative 1 B cells, in particular. Conclusions We found that early immune indicators of incident PASC were nuanced, with significant molecular signals manifesting predominantly in double-negative B cells, compared with the robust differences associated with hospitalization during acute COVID-19. The emerging acute differences in B cell phenotypes, especially in double-negative 1 B cells, in PASC patients highlight a potentially important role of these cells in the development of PASC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle J. Wu
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Chen Chen
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Gary Tong
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | | | - William A. Conrad
- Providence Little Company of Mary Medical Center Torrance, Torrance, CA, United States
| | | | - Jared Allen
- Oncimmune Limited, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Victor F. Tapson
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - James N. Moy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Ivan O. Rosas
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mujeeb Basit
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jerry A. Krishnan
- Breathe Chicago Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Bellur S. Prabhakar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois - College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mirella Salvatore
- Department of Medicine and Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Charles C. Kim
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
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Wu C, Yu S, Wang Y, Gao Y, Xie X, Zhang J. Metabolic-suppressed cancer-associated fibroblasts limit the immune environment and survival in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1212420. [PMID: 37719863 PMCID: PMC10501863 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1212420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer liver metastasis is a major risk factor of poor outcomes, necessitating proactive interventions and treatments. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play essential roles in metastasis, with a focus on metabolic reprogramming. However, knowledge about associations between Cancer-associated fibroblasts metabolic phenotypes and immune cell is limited. This study uses single-cell and bulk transcriptomics data to decode roles of metabolism-related subtype of Cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells in liver metastasis, developing a CAF-related prognostic model for colorectal cancer liver metastases. Methods: In this study, Cancer-associated fibroblasts metabolism-related phenotypes were screened using comprehensive datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and gene expression omnibus (GEO). Cox regression and Lasso regression were applied to identify prognostic genes related to Cancer-associated fibroblasts, and a model was constructed based on the Cancer-associated fibroblasts subtype gene score. Subsequently, functional, immunological, and clinical analyses were performed. Results: The study demonstrated the metabotropic heterogeneity of Cancer-associated fibroblasts cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts cells with varying metabolic states were found to exhibit significant differences in communications with different immune cells. Prognostic features based on Cancer-associated fibroblasts signature scores were found to be useful in determining the prognostic status of colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases. High immune activity and an enrichment of tumor-related pathways were observed in samples with high Cancer-associated fibroblasts signature scores. Furthermore, Cancer-associated fibroblasts signature score could be practical in guiding the selection of chemotherapeutic agents with higher sensitivity. Conclusion: Our study identified a prognostic signature linked to metabotropic subtype of Cancer-associated fibroblasts. This signature has promising clinical implications in precision therapy for colorectal cancer liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaobo Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanzhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuzhen Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyou Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Antropova E, Khlebodarova T, Demenkov P, Venzel A, Ivanisenko N, Gavrilenko A, Ivanisenko T, Adamovskaya A, Revva P, Lavrik I, Ivanisenko V. Computer analysis of regulation of hepatocarcinoma marker genes hypermethylated by HCV proteins. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 26:733-742. [PMID: 36714033 PMCID: PMC9840909 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-22-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a risk factor that leads to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Epigenetic changes are known to play an important role in the molecular genetic mechanisms of virus-induced oncogenesis. Aberrant DNA methylation is a mediator of epigenetic changes that are closely associated with the HCC pathogenesis and considered a biomarker for its early diagnosis. The ANDSystem software package was used to reconstruct and evaluate the statistical significance of the pathways HCV could potentially use to regulate 32 hypermethylated genes in HCC, including both oncosuppressor and protumorigenic ones identified by genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation. The reconstructed pathways included those affecting protein-protein interactions (PPI), gene expression, protein activity, stability, and transport regulations, the expression regulation pathways being statistically significant. It has been shown that 8 out of 10 HCV proteins were involved in these pathways, the HCV NS3 protein being implicated in the largest number of regulatory pathways. NS3 was associated with the regulation of 5 tumor-suppressor genes, which may be the evidence of its central role in HCC pathogenesis. Analysis of the reconstructed pathways has demonstrated that following the transcription factor inhibition caused by binding to viral proteins, the expression of a number of oncosuppressors (WT1, MGMT, SOCS1, P53) was suppressed, while the expression of others (RASF1, RUNX3, WIF1, DAPK1) was activated. Thus, the performed gene-network reconstruction has shown that HCV proteins can influence not only the methylation status of oncosuppressor genes, but also their transcriptional regulation. The results obtained can be used in the search for pharmacological targets to develop new drugs against HCV-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.A. Antropova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T.M. Khlebodarova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - P.S. Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A.S. Venzel
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N.V. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A.D. Gavrilenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T.V. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A.V. Adamovskaya
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - P.M. Revva
- Kurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - I.N. Lavrik
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - V.A. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Scences, Novosibirsk, RussiaKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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8
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RUNX Proteins as Epigenetic Modulators in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223687. [PMID: 36429115 PMCID: PMC9688118 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX proteins are highly conserved in metazoans and perform critical functions during development. Dysregulation of RUNX proteins through various molecular mechanisms facilitates the development and progression of various cancers, where different RUNX proteins show tumor type-specific functions and regulate different aspects of tumorigenesis by cross-talking with different signaling pathways such as Wnt, TGF-β, and Hippo. Molecularly, they could serve as transcription factors (TFs) to activate their direct target genes or interact with many other TFs to modulate chromatin architecture globally. Here, we review the current knowledge on the functions and regulations of RUNX proteins in different cancer types and highlight their potential role as epigenetic modulators in cancer.
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9
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Yu L, Zhang MM, Hou JG. Molecular and cellular pathways in colorectal cancer: apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation as key players. Scand J Gastroenterol 2022; 57:1279-1290. [PMID: 35732586 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2022.2088247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC) is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer, particularly in developing countries. It accounts for the second and third-highest reason for cancer-induced lethality in women and men respectively. CRC involves genetic and epigenetic modifications in colonic epithelium, leading to colon adenocarcinoma. The current review highlights the pathogenic mechanisms and multifactorial etiology of CRC, influenced by apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy pathways. METHODS We have carried out a selective literature review on mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of CRC. RESULTS Resistance to senescence and apoptosis of the mesenchymal cells, which play a key role in intestinal organogenesis, morphogenesis and homeostasis, appears important for sporadic CRC. Additionally, inflammation-associated tumorigenesis is a key incident in CRC, supported by immune disruptors, adaptive and innate immune traits, environmental factors, etc. involving oxidative stress, DNA damage and epigenetic modulations. The self-digesting mechanism, autophagy, also plays a twin role in CRC through the participation of LC3/LC3-II, Beclin-1, ATG5, other autophagy proteins, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) susceptibility genes. It facilitates the promotion of effective surveillance pathways and stimulates the generation of malignant tumor cells. The autophagy and apoptotic pathways undergo synergistic or antagonistic interactions in CRC and bear a critical association with IBD that results from the pro-neoplastic effects of persistent intestinal inflammation. Conversely, pro-inflammatory factors stimulate tumor growth and angiogenesis and inhibit apoptosis, suppressing anti-tumor activities. CONCLUSION Hence, research attempts for the development of potential therapies for CRC are in progress, primarily based on combinatorial approaches targeting apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Miao-Miao Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ji-Guang Hou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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10
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Zhang F, Su T, Xiao M. RUNX3-regulated circRNA METTL3 inhibits colorectal cancer proliferation and metastasis via miR-107/PER3 axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:550. [PMID: 35710754 PMCID: PMC9203801 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04750-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and lethal malignancies. Exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms is very helpful for the development of new therapy. Here, we investigated the function of circMETTL3/miR-107/PER3 in CRC. Human CRC tissues from diagnosed CRC patients and six CRC cell lines, one normal human colon cell line were used. qRT-PCR and western blotting were performed to determine expression levels of RUNX3, circMETTL3, miR-107, PER3, and proliferation-, and migration-related proteins. CCK-8, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and scratch wound assay were utilized to assess CRC cell proliferation and invasion. ChIP, EMSA, biotin-pull down, RIP assay, and dual luciferase reporter assay were performed to validate interactions of RUNX3/METTL3 promoter, circMETTL3/miR-107, and miR-107/PER3. FISH was used to characterize circMETTL3. MSP was employed to measure methylation level. Nude mouse xenograft model was used to determine the effects on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. RUNX3, circMETTL3, and PER3 were diminished while miR-107 was elevated in CRC tissues and cells. Low levels of RUNX3 and circMETTL3 correlated with poor prognosis of CRC. Overexpression of RUNX3, circMETTL3, or PER3 suppressed while miR-107 mimics promoted, CRC cell proliferation and invasion, as well as tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, RUNX3 bound to METTL3 promoter and activated circMETTL3 transcription. circMETTL3 directly bound with miR-107 which targeted PER3. circMETTL3/miR-107 regulated CRC cell proliferation and invasion via PER3. CircMETTL3, transcriptionally activated by RUNX3, restrains CRC development and metastasis via acting as a miR-107 sponge to regulate PER3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Tao Su
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.
| | - Meifang Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.
- Department of Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China.
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11
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Guo Y, Xie Y, Luo Y. The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:851004. [PMID: 35222443 PMCID: PMC8863945 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.851004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a complicated process caused by successive genetic and epigenetic alterations. The past decades demonstrated that the immune system affects tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Although increasing immunotherapies are revealed, only a tiny proportion of them are effective. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of single-stranded RNA molecules larger than 200 nucleotides and are essential in the molecular network of oncology and immunology. Increasing researches have focused on the connection between lncRNAs and cancer immunotherapy. However, the in-depth mechanisms are still elusive. In this review, we outline the latest studies on the functions of lncRNAs in the tumor immune microenvironment. Via participating in various biological processes such as neutrophil recruitment, macrophage polarization, NK cells cytotoxicity, and T cells functions, lncRNAs regulate tumorigenesis, tumor invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and angiogenesis. In addition, we reviewed the current understanding of the relevant strategies for targeting lncRNAs. LncRNAs-based therapeutics may represent promising approaches in serving as prognostic biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets in cancer, providing ideas for future research and clinical application on cancer diagnosis and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajuan Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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12
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Huang CC, Cheng YC, Lin YC, Chou CH, Ho CT, Wang HK, Way TD. CSC-3436 sensitizes triple negative breast cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through ROS-mediated p38/CHOP/death receptor 5 signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:2578-2588. [PMID: 34599545 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand (TRAIL) shows little or no toxicity in most normal cells and preferentially induces apoptosis in a variety of malignant cells. However, patients develop resistance to TRAIL, therefore, sensitizing agents that can sensitize the tumor cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis are necessary. In this study, we investigated the effect of 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methylnaphthyridin-4-one (CSC-3436), an useful flavonoid, to overcome the TRAIL-resistant triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. We found that CSC-3436 potentiated TRAIL-induced apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant TNBC cells and this correlated with the upregulation of death receptors (DR)-5 and down-regulation of decreased decoy receptor (DcR)-1 expression. When examined for its mechanism, we found that the decreased expression of anti-apoptotic proteins c-FLIPS/L, Bcl-Xl, Bcl-2, Survivin, and XIAP. CSC-3436 would increase the expression of Bax and promoted the cleavage of bid. In addition, the induction of DR5 by CSC-3436 was found to be dependent on the modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/p38/C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) signaling pathways. Overall, our results indicated that CSC-3436 could potentiate the apoptotic effects of TRAIL through down-regulation of cell survival proteins and upregulation of DR5 via the ROS-mediated upregulation of CHOP protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Cheng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chao Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Chou
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hao-Kuang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Der Way
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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杨 健, 曾 妍, 吴 小, 王 志. [Effect of DR5-mediated docetaxel-loaded lipid microbubble combined with ultrasoundtargeted microbubble destruction on HepG2 cell proliferation and apoptosis]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1220-1225. [PMID: 34549714 PMCID: PMC8527229 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.08.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of DR5-mediated docetaxel-targeted lipid microbubbles (MBs) combined with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction on apoptosis and expressions of Bcl-2, nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB), caspase-8, and DR5 in human HepG2 cells. METHODS HepG2 cells were treated with docetaxel at its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 5 nmol/L, docetaxel combined with ultrasound, blank MBs, blank MBs combined with ultrasound (0.5 W/cm2 for 45 s), drugloaded lipid MBs (DLLM), DLLM combined with ultrasound, DR5-mediated DLLM (DR5-DLLM), or DR5-DLLM combined with ultrasound.After the treatments, the cells were further cultured for 24 h, and CCK-8 assay, TUNEL staining and flow cytometry were used to assess cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle changes; the changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of Bcl-2, NF-κB, caspase-8, and DR5 were detected with RT-qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS Among all the treatments, DR5-DLLM combined with ultrasound produced the strongest effects to inhibit the proliferation (P < 0.001), promote apoptosis (P < 0.001), and cause G2/M cell cycle arrest (P < 0.001) in HepG2 cells.The combined treatment with DR5-DLLM and ultrasound also significantly downregulated Bcl-2 and NF-κB (P < 0.001) and upregulated DR5 and caspase-8 expressions (P < 0.001) at both the mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION DR5-DLLM combined with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction can induce G2/M cell cycle arrest, proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in HepG2 cells by downregulating Bcl-2 and NF-κB and upregulating DR5 and caspase-8 expressions, indicating its value as a novel ultrasoundtargeted therapy for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- 健 杨
- 重庆医科大学附属第一医院消化内科, 重庆 400016Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - 妍 曾
- 重庆医科大学附属第二医院精神心理科, 重庆 400010Department of Psychology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - 小翎 吴
- 重庆医科大学附属第二医院消化内科, 重庆 400010Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - 志刚 王
- 重庆医科大学超声影像学研究所, 重庆 400010Institue of Ultrasound Imaging, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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14
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Huang R, Chen H, Liang J, Li Y, Yang J, Luo C, Tang Y, Ding Y, Liu X, Yuan Q, Yu H, Ye Y, Xu W, Xie X. Dual Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and their Application in Cancer Therapy. J Cancer 2021; 12:5543-5561. [PMID: 34405016 PMCID: PMC8364652 DOI: 10.7150/jca.54699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in the initiation, development, suppression, and treatment of cancer. Excess ROS can induce nuclear DNA, leading to cancer initiation. Not only that, but ROS also inhibit T cells and natural killer cells and promote the recruitment and M2 polarization of macrophages; consequently, cancer cells escape immune surveillance and immune defense. Furthermore, ROS promote tumor invasion and metastasis by triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor cells. Interestingly, massive accumulation of ROS inhibits tumor growth in two ways: (1) by blocking cancer cell proliferation by suppressing the proliferation signaling pathway, cell cycle, and the biosynthesis of nucleotides and ATP and (2) by inducing cancer cell death via activating endoplasmic reticulum stress-, mitochondrial-, and P53- apoptotic pathways and the ferroptosis pathway. Unfortunately, cancer cells can adapt to ROS via a self-adaption system. This review highlighted the bidirectional regulation of ROS in cancer. The study further discussed the application of massively accumulated ROS in cancer treatment. Of note, the dual role of ROS in cancer and the self-adaptive ability of cancer cells should be taken into consideration for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiang Xie
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
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15
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TRAIL promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by inducing PD-L1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:209. [PMID: 34167551 PMCID: PMC8223376 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor-associated apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was initially considered an immunity guard; however, its function remains controversial. Besides immune cells, lung and colon cancer cells have also been reported to express TRAIL, which can promote tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the biological function and underlying mechanism of action of TRAIL in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain poorly elucidated. Methods The ESCC cells stemness, migration, and proliferation ability was assessed by sphere formation, Transwell, and CCK8 assay. The stemness- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)- related genes expression levels were analyzed by Western blot and RT-qPCR. The signal activation was conducted by Western blot. The xenograft mouse experiments and lung metastasis model were performed to confirm our findings in vitro. Results Herein, we found that TRAIL is a negative predictor in patients with ESCC. To further investigate the biological function of TRAIL, we established TRAIL knockdown and overexpression ESCC cell lines and found that TRAIL induced EMT and promoted tumor aggressiveness. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TRAIL- overexpressing cells upregulated PD-L1 expression, which was dependent on the p-ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway. We obtained similar results when using recombinant human TRAIL. Finally, we validated the biological role and mechanism of action of TRAIL in vivo. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that TRAIL promotes ESCC progression by enhancing PD-L1 expression, which induces EMT. This may explain the failure of TRAIL preclinical trials. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01972-0.
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16
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Song C, Shi D, Chang K, Li X, Dong Q, Ma X, Wang X, Guo Z, Liu Y, Wang J. Sodium fluoride activates the extrinsic apoptosis via regulating NOX4/ROS-mediated p53/DR5 signaling pathway in lung cells both in vitro and in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:137-148. [PMID: 33857626 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An extensive body of research has demonstrated that pulmonary toxicity induced by fluoride is related to cell apoptosis. Although induction of death receptor-initiated extrinsic apoptosis by sodium fluoride (NaF) has been reported, its mechanism of action is still not clearly defined. Herein, we found that NaF treatment induced activation of caspase-8 in BEAS-2B cells, resulting in apoptosis, which was markedly reduced by blocking caspase-8 using small interfering RNA (siRNA). In this study, we report that death receptor 5 (DR5), a major component of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, is markedly induced upon NaF stimulation. Enhanced DR5 induction was necessary for the apoptotic effects of NaF, inasmuch as transfected BEAS-2B cells with DR5 siRNA attenuated NaF-induced caspase-8 activation in lung cells. Mechanism investigation indicated that the induction of DR5, following NaF exposure, was mediated by tumor protein 53 (p53)-dependent transcriptional activation. Notably, we demonstrated that NaF could induce a significant increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level derived from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4). Specifically, NOX4 knockdown inhibited NaF-induced the activation of p53/DR5 axis by reducing NOX4-derived ROS production. Further in vivo investigation demonstrated that NOX4 deficiency markedly attenuates NaF-induced lung injury, apoptosis, and ROS levels in the lung. Moreover, the expressions of p53 and DR5 were significantly reduced after NaF treatment in NOX4 knockout mice compared with the wild type mice. Taken together, our findings provide a novel insight into for the pulmonary apoptosis in response to NaF exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Dongmei Shi
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Kaiwen Chang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Probes, Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xianghui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Qing Dong
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xia Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Zhenhuan Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Yonglu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
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17
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Qin X, Zhou M, Lv H, Mao X, Li X, Guo H, Li L, Xing H. Long noncoding RNA LINC00657 inhibits cervical cancer development by sponging miR-20a-5p and targeting RUNX3. Cancer Lett 2021; 498:130-141. [PMID: 33129959 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs act essential regulators in cervical cancer progression. Our study aimed to investigate the underlying function and molecular mechanisms of LINC00657 in cervical cancer. QRT-PCR results indicated that LINC00657 was significantly decreased in cervical cancer. Gain-and loss-of-function experiments were performed in SiHa and HeLa. Functional assays demonstrated that LINC00657 inhibited cervical cancer cell growth, migration and invasion. Moreover, miR-20a-5p was confirmed as a target of LINC00657. Furthermore, miR-20a-5p promoted the development of cervical cancer via targeting RUNX3. DR5 acts as a vital promoter in activating NK cells and is a downstream target of RUNX3. We found that LINC00657 overexpression promoted the cytotoxic activity of NK cells via regulating RUNX3/DR5 axis. Therefore, LINC00657 suppressed cervical cancer progression via inducing miR-20a-5p/RUNX3/DR5 mediated NK cell tolerance. In conclusion, LINC00657 was identified as a novel tumor-suppressor in cervical cancer and could function as a potential therapeutic target for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Huabing Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaogang Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Xianxian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.
| | - Hui Xing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.
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18
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Zhang J, Zhou Y, Li N, Liu W, Liang J, Sun Y, Zhang W, Fang R, Huang S, Sun Z, Wang Y, He Q. Curcumol Overcomes TRAIL Resistance of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Targeting NRH:Quinone Oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2). ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002306. [PMID: 33240775 PMCID: PMC7675185 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to tumor-necrosis-factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) of cancer cell remains a key obstacle for clinical cancer therapies. To overcome TRAIL resistance, this study identifies curcumol as a novel safe sensitizer from a food-source compound library, which exhibits synergistic lethal effects in combination with TRAIL on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SILAC-based cellular thermal shift profiling identifies NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) as the key target of curcumol. Mechanistically, curcumol directly targets NQO2 to cause reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) death receptor (DR5) signaling, sensitizing NSCLC cell to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Molecular docking analysis and surface plasmon resonance assay demonstrate that Phe178 in NQO2 is a critical site for curcumol binding. Mutation of Phe178 completely abolishes the function of NQO2 and augments the TRAIL sensitization. This study characterizes the functional role of NQO2 in TRAIL resistance and the sensitizing function of curcumol by directly targeting NQO2, highlighting the potential of using curcumol as an NQO2 inhibitor for clinical treatment of TRAIL-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
- The First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Ye Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Nan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Wan‐Ting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Jun‐Ze Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Yue Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Wei‐Xia Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Run‐Dong Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Sheng‐Ling Huang
- The First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Zheng‐Hua Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Yang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Qing‐Yu He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesInstitute of Life and Health EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
- The First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
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Zheng J, Guo H, Qin Y, Liu Z, Ding Z, Zhang L, Wang W. SNHG5/miR-582-5p/RUNX3 feedback loop regulates osteogenic differentiation and apoptosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2020. [PMID: 33111341 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the most prevailing orthopedic diseases that causes a heavy burden on public health. Given that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are of immense importance in osteoporosis development, it is necessary to expound the mechanisms underlying BMSC osteoblastic differentiation. Although mounting research works have investigated the role of small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5) in various diseases, elucidations on its function in osteoporosis are still scarce. It was observed that SNHG5 and RUNX family transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) were remarkably elevated during osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). Further, we disclosed that the silencing of SNHG5 suppressed osteogenic differentiation and induced apoptosis of hBMSCs. What's more, SNHG5 acted as a competing endogenous RNA to affect RUNX3 expression via competitively binding with microRNA (miR)-582-5p. RUNX3 was also confirmed to simulate the transcriptional activation of SNHG5. Finally, our findings manifested that the positive feedback loop of SNHG5/miR-582-5p/RUNX3 executed the promoting role in the development of osteoporosis, which shed light on specific molecular mechanism governing SNHG5 in osteogenic differentiation and apoptosis of hBMSCs and indicated that SNHG5 may represent a novel target for the improvement of osteoporosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongliang Guo
- Department of Repair Section, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Qin
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongxiang Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijiang Ding
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanqing Wang
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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20
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Meydan C, Madrer N, Soreq H. The Neat Dance of COVID-19: NEAT1, DANCR, and Co-Modulated Cholinergic RNAs Link to Inflammation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:590870. [PMID: 33163005 PMCID: PMC7581732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.590870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic exerts inflammation-related parasympathetic complications and post-infection manifestations with major inter-individual variability. To seek the corresponding transcriptomic origins for the impact of COVID-19 infection and its aftermath consequences, we sought the relevance of long and short non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) for susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. We selected inflammation-prone men and women of diverse ages among the cohort of Genome Tissue expression (GTEx) by mining RNA-seq datasets from their lung, and blood tissues, followed by quantitative qRT-PCR, bioinformatics-based network analyses and thorough statistics compared to brain cell culture and infection tests with COVID-19 and H1N1 viruses. In lung tissues from 57 inflammation-prone, but not other GTEx donors, we discovered sharp declines of the lung pathology-associated ncRNA DANCR and the nuclear paraspeckles forming neuroprotective ncRNA NEAT1. Accompanying increases in the acetylcholine-regulating transcripts capable of controlling inflammation co-appeared in SARS-CoV-2 infected but not H1N1 influenza infected lung cells. The lung cells-characteristic DANCR and NEAT1 association with inflammation-controlling transcripts could not be observed in blood cells, weakened with age and presented sex-dependent links in GTEx lung RNA-seq dataset. Supporting active involvement in the inflammatory risks accompanying COVID-19, DANCR's decline associated with decrease of the COVID-19-related cellular transcript ACE2 and with sex-related increases in coding transcripts potentiating acetylcholine signaling. Furthermore, transcription factors (TFs) in lung, brain and cultured infected cells created networks with the candidate transcripts, indicating tissue-specific expression patterns. Supporting links of post-infection inflammatory and cognitive damages with cholinergic mal-functioning, man and woman-originated cultured cholinergic neurons presented differentiation-related increases of DANCR and NEAT1 targeting microRNAs. Briefly, changes in ncRNAs and TFs from inflammation-prone human lung tissues, SARS-CoV-2-infected lung cells and man and woman-derived differentiated cholinergic neurons reflected the inflammatory pathobiology related to COVID-19. By shifting ncRNA differences into comparative diagnostic and therapeutic profiles, our RNA-sequencing based Resource can identify ncRNA regulating candidates for COVID-19 and its associated immediate and predicted long-term inflammation and neurological complications, and sex-related therapeutics thereof. Our findings encourage diagnostics of involved tissue, and further investigation of NEAT1-inducing statins and anti-cholinergic medications in the COVID-19 context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanan Meydan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayanei Hayeshua Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Central District, Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Department of Biological Chemistry and The Edmond and Lilly Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Department of Biological Chemistry and The Edmond and Lilly Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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21
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Zou Y, Zhao X, Li Y, Duan S. miR-552: an important post-transcriptional regulator that affects human cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:6226-6233. [PMID: 33033505 PMCID: PMC7532495 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-552 is a small non-coding RNA located on chromosome 1p34.3, and its expression level is significantly up-regulated in tissues or cells of various tumors. miR-552 can target multiple genes. These targeted genes play important regulatory roles in biological processes such as gene transcription and translation, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell migration, and invasion. Besides, miR-552 may affect the efficacy of various anticancer drugs by targeting genes such as TP53 and RUNX3. This review summarizes the biological functions and clinical expressions of miR-552 in human cancer. Our goal is to explore the potential value of miR-552 in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zou
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Li
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Lai Q, Fang Y, Wu C, Liu Y, Li Q, Wang X, Gu C, Chen J, Cai J, Li A, Liu S. Cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived exosomal miR-17-5p promotes colorectal cancer aggressive phenotype by initiating a RUNX3/MYC/TGF-β1 positive feedback loop. Cancer Lett 2020; 491:22-35. [PMID: 32730779 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME). We found that the distribution of CAFs was significantly increased with tumour progression and led to a poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo assays revealed that CAFs enhanced colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. Based on extraction and identification of exosomes of CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs), CAFs-exo showed higher expression of miR-17-5p than NFs-exo and could deliver exosomal miR-17-5p from parental CAFs to CRC cells. Further exploration verified that miR-17-5p influenced CRC metastasis capacity and directly targeted 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of RUNX family transcription factor 3(RUNX3). Our findings further revealed that RUNX3 interacted with MYC proto-oncogene(MYC) and that both RUNX3 and MYC bound to the promoter of transforming growth factor beta1(TGF-β1) at base pairs 1005-1296, thereby activating the TGF-β signalling pathway and contributing to tumour progression. In addition, RUNX3/MYC/TGF-β1 signalling sustained autocrine TGF-β1 to activate CAFs, and activated CAFs released more exosomal miR-17-5p to CRC cells, forming a positive feedback loop for CRC progression. Taken together, these data provide a new understanding of the potential diagnostic value of exosomal miR-17-5p in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanci Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuhua Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changjie Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinke Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuncai Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianqun Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Zheng J, Mei Y, Zhai G, Zhao N, Jia D, Fan Y. Downregulation of RUNX3 has a poor prognosis and promotes tumor progress in kidney cancer. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:740.e11-740.e20. [PMID: 32600926 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney cancer usually shows no symptoms until the tumor is relatively large, and current drugs fail to stop the tumor recurrence. The transcriptional factor Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) has been reported to function as a tumor suppressor in many types of cancers. METHODS Kidney cancer and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 12 patients to test the expression of RUNX3 by real-time quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. Promoter methylation status of RUNX3 was determined using methylation analysis from 103 patient samples. Kidney cancer cell lines and xenograft mouse model were used to investigate the promoter methylation and cancer progression through inhibitor treatment and loss/gain-of-function experiments. RESULTS RUNX3 was significantly downregulated in kidney cancer tissues and cells, which could be elevated by higher methylation status at its promoter region. RUNX3 promoter methylation was positively correlated with poor prognosis of kidney cancer. RUNX3 loss-of-function promoted the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of kidney cancer cells, in contrast, RUNX3 overexpression inhibited the cancer cell progression. This study provides the first instance of the effect of RUNX3 expression and its promoter methylation status on kidney cancer. CONCLUSION Targeting RUNX3 pathway and its promoter methylation are potential therapeutic strategies to treat kidney cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zheng
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Urology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yanhui Mei
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Guangsheng Zhai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Urology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Dongsheng Jia
- Department of Urology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yidong Fan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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24
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TRAIL in oncology: From recombinant TRAIL to nano- and self-targeted TRAIL-based therapies. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104716. [PMID: 32084560 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively induces the apoptosis pathway in tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. Because TRAIL induction can kill tumor cells, cancer researchers have developed many agents to target TRAIL and some of these agents have entered clinical trials in oncology. Unfortunately, these trials have failed for many reasons, including drug resistance, off-target toxicities, short half-life, and specifically in gene therapy due to the limited uptake of TRAIL genes by cancer cells. To address these drawbacks, translational researchers have utilized drug delivery platforms. Although, these platforms can improve TRAIL-based therapies, they are unable to sufficiently translate the full potential of TRAIL-targeting to clinically viable products. Herein, we first summarize the complex biology of TRAIL signaling, including TRAILs cross-talk with other signaling pathways and immune cells. Next, we focus on known resistant mechanisms to TRAIL-based therapies. Then, we discuss how nano-formulation has the potential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of TRAIL protein. Finally, we specify strategies with the potential to overcome the challenges that cannot be addressed via nanotechnology alone, including the alternative methods of TRAIL-expressing circulating cells, tumor-targeting bacteria, viruses, and exosomes.
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Korean Red Ginseng Extract Increases Apoptosis by Activation of the Noxa Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092026. [PMID: 31470581 PMCID: PMC6770724 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the anticancer activity of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) has been known in various cancers, the mechanism of KRG-induced apoptosis is unknown in colorectal cancer (CRC). In our study, we examined whether KRG induces apoptosis in CRC cells. METHODS In the cell viability assay, the concentration of the appropriate KRG extracts was fixed at 2.5 mg/mL in numerous CRC cells. This fixed concentration was in other experiments, and it was confirmed that the KRG extracts induce apoptosis in CRC cells. RESULTS We found that KRG induced Noxa activation and apoptosis and increased endoplasmic reticulum stress via reactive oxygen species production. This indicated that KRG efficiently enhanced cell death in CRC cells. CONCLUSION Our results show that KRG can be used as a possible anticancer drug for patients with CRC.
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Natural Product Mediated Regulation of Death Receptors and Intracellular Machinery: Fresh from the Pipeline about TRAIL-Mediated Signaling and Natural TRAIL Sensitizers. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20082010. [PMID: 31022877 PMCID: PMC6515249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly developing resistance against different therapeutics is a major stumbling block in the standardization of therapy. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated signaling has emerged as one of the most highly and extensively studied signal transduction cascade that induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Rapidly emerging cutting-edge research has helped us to develop a better understanding of the signaling machinery involved in inducing apoptotic cell death. However, excitingly, cancer cells develop resistance against TRAIL-induced apoptosis through different modes. Loss of cell surface expression of TRAIL receptors and imbalance of stoichiometric ratios of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins play instrumental roles in rewiring the machinery of cancer cells to develop resistance against TRAIL-based therapeutics. Natural products have shown excellent potential to restore apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant cancer cell lines and in mice xenografted with TRAIL-resistant cancer cells. Significantly refined information has previously been added and continues to enrich the existing pool of knowledge related to the natural-product-mediated upregulation of death receptors, rebalancing of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in different cancers. In this mini review, we will set spotlight on the most recently published high-impact research related to underlying mechanisms of TRAIL resistance and how these deregulations can be targeted by natural products to restore TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in different cancers.
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