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Wang Z, Ding Y, Wang P, Yu J, Huang S, Yang L, Gong H, Yu Z, Lu R, Bian T, Wu Y. SMAD4 promotes EMT in COPD airway remodeling induced by cigarette smoke through interaction with O-GlcNAc transferase. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116931. [PMID: 39181074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is a prevalent chemical indoor air contaminant known to be the primary cause of EMT during airway remodeling in COPD. While some evidence indicates the involvement of SMAD4 in EMT across certain diseases, its specific role in CS-induced EMT in airway remodeling associated with COPD is not established. In our research, we observed a substantial upregulation in SMAD4 expression, O-GlcNAcylation and EMT in patients with COPD, as well as in vitro and in vivo COPD models induced by CS, than those of the controls. Downregulation of SMAD4 resulted in a reduction in CS-induced EMT in vitro and in vivo. As a post-translational modification of proteins, O-GlcNAcylation is dynamically controlled by the duo of enzymes: O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). We further discovered the enhancement of O-GlcNAcylation levels induced by CS was due to an elevated OGT expression, as the expression of OGA remained unchanged. Using an OGT inhibitor (OSMI-1) counteracted the effects of SMAD4 on EMT. Whereas, overexpressing OGT increased SMAD4 expression and promoted EMT. OGT-mediated SMAD4 O-GlcNAcylation shielded SMAD4 from proteasomal degradation by reducing its ubiquitination, thereby aiding in SMAD4 stabilization in response to EMT induced by CS. Overall, this research uncovers a fresh pathway for CS-induced EMT in the airway remodeling of COPD and offers valuable insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziteng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China
| | - Jinyan Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China
| | - Shulun Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China
| | - Lingjia Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China
| | - Hongjing Gong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China
| | - Rongguo Lu
- Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China
| | - Tao Bian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China.
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Zohourian N, Coll E, Dever M, Sheahan A, Burns-Lane P, Brown JAL. Evaluating the Cellular Roles of the Lysine Acetyltransferase Tip60 in Cancer: A Multi-Action Molecular Target for Precision Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2677. [PMID: 39123405 PMCID: PMC11312108 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision (individualized) medicine relies on the molecular profiling of tumors' dysregulated characteristics (genomic, epigenetic, transcriptomic) to identify the reliance on key pathways (including genome stability and epigenetic gene regulation) for viability or growth, and then utilises targeted therapeutics to disrupt these survival-dependent pathways. Non-mutational epigenetic changes alter cells' transcriptional profile and are a key feature found in many tumors. In contrast to genetic mutations, epigenetic changes are reversable, and restoring a normal epigenetic profile can inhibit tumor growth and progression. Lysine acetyltransferases (KATs or HATs) protect genome stability and integrity, and Tip60 is an essential acetyltransferase due to its roles as an epigenetic and transcriptional regulator, and as master regulator of the DNA double-strand break response. Tip60 is commonly downregulated and mislocalized in many cancers, and the roles that mislocalized Tip60 plays in cancer are not well understood. Here we categorize and discuss Tip60-regulated genes, evaluate Tip60-interacting proteins based on cellular localization, and explore the therapeutic potential of Tip60-targeting compounds as epigenetic inhibitors. Understanding the multiple roles Tip60 plays in tumorigenesis will improve our understanding of tumor progression and will inform therapeutic options, including informing potential combinatorial regimes with current chemotherapeutics, leading to improvements in patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Zohourian
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - Erin Coll
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - Muiread Dever
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - Anna Sheahan
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - Petra Burns-Lane
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - James A. L. Brown
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre (LDCRC), Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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3
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Zhang X, Zhong Y, Yang Q. FOXM1 Upregulates O-GlcNAcylation Level Via The Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway to Promote Angiogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01393-8. [PMID: 39031247 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents significant challenges in treatment and prognosis because of its aggressive nature and high metastatic potential. This study aims to investigate the role of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) and its association with HCC progression and prognosis. We identified SPP1 and FOXM1 as hub genes within the HBP pathway, showing their correlation with poor prognosis and late-stage progression. In addition, the analysis uncovered the complex participation of the HBP pathway in nutrients and oxygen reactions, PI3K-AKT signaling, AMPK activation, and angiogenesis regulation. The disruption of these pathways is pivotal in influencing the growth and progression of HCC. Targeting the HBP presents a promising therapeutic approach to modulate the tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy. In addition, FOXM1 was identified as the HBP pathway regulator, influencing cellular O-GlcNAcylation level and VEGF secretion, thereby promoting angiogenesis in HCC. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation significantly hindered angiogenesis, which is suggested as a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention. Our research demonstrates the practicality of using the HBP-related gene as a prognostic marker in liver cancer patients and suggests targeting FOXM1 as a novel avenue for personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Zhang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yifan Zhong
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China.
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4
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Liu R, Liu Y, Zhang W, Zhang G, Zhang Z, Huang L, Tang N, Wang K. PCK1 attenuates tumor stemness via activating the Hippo signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101114. [PMID: 38560500 PMCID: PMC10978540 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer stem cells were found to rely on glycolysis as the preferred metabolic program. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 1 (PCK1), a gluconeogenic metabolic enzyme, is down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and is closely related to poor prognosis. The oncogenesis and progression of tumors are closely related to cancer stem cells. It is not completely clear whether the PCK1 deficiency increases the stemness of hepatoma cells and promotes the oncogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Herein, the results showed that PCK1 inhibited the self-renewal property of hepatoma cells, reduced the mRNA level of cancer stem cell markers, and inhibited tumorigenesis. Moreover, PCK1 increased the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib. Furthermore, we found that PCK1 activated the Hippo pathway by enhancing the phosphorylation of YAP and inhibiting its nuclear translocation. Verteporfin reduced the stemness of hepatoma cells and promoted the pro-apoptotic effect of sorafenib. Thus, combined treatment with verteporfin and sorafenib may be a potential anti-tumor strategy in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wenlu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guiji Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Luyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ni Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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5
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Tian Z, Song J, She J, He W, Guo S, Dong B. Constructing a disulfidptosis-related prognostic signature of hepatocellular carcinoma based on single-cell sequencing and weighted co-expression network analysis. Apoptosis 2024:10.1007/s10495-024-01968-z. [PMID: 38760515 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Disulfidptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death that is induced by glucose starvation. However, the clinical prognostic characteristics of disulfidptosis-associated genes in HCC remain poorly understood. We conducted an analysis of the single-cell datasets GSE149614 and performed weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets to identify the genes related to disulfidptosis. A prognostic model was constructed using univariate COX and Lasso regression. Survival analysis, immune microenvironment analysis, and mutation analysis were performed. Additionally, a nomogram associated with disulfidptosis-related signature was constructed to identify the prognosis of HCC patients. Patients with HCC in the TCGA and GSE14520 datasets were categorized using a disulfidptosis-related model, revealing significant differences in survival times between the high- and low-disulfidptosis groups. High-disulfidptosis patients exhibited increased expression of immune checkpoint-related genes, implying that immunotherapy and certain chemotherapies may be beneficial for them. Meanwhile, the ROC and decision curves analysis (DCA) indicated that the nomogram has satisfying prognostic efficacy. Moreover, the experimental results of GATM in this prognostic model indicated that GATM is low expressed in HCC tissues, and GATM knockdown promotes the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. By analyzing single-cell and bulk multi-omics sequencing data, we developed a prognostic signature related to disulfidptosis and explored the relationship between high- and low-disulfidptosis groups in HCC. This study offers a novel reference for gaining a deeper understanding of the role of disulfidptosis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junbo Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiang She
- Department of Orthopedics, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weixiang He
- Department of Urology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingchen Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China.
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Mao Z, Mu J, Gao Z, Huang S, Chen L. Biological Functions and Potential Therapeutic Significance of O-GlcNAcylation in Hepatic Cellular Stress and Liver Diseases. Cells 2024; 13:805. [PMID: 38786029 PMCID: PMC11119800 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
O-linked-β-D-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation), which is dynamically regulated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), is a post-translational modification involved in multiple cellular processes. O-GlcNAcylation of proteins can regulate their biological functions via crosstalk with other post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, and methylation. Liver diseases are a major cause of death worldwide; yet, key pathological features of the disease, such as inflammation, fibrosis, steatosis, and tumorigenesis, are not fully understood. The dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation has been shown to be involved in some severe hepatic cellular stress, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, nonalcoholic fatty acid liver disease (NAFLD), malignant progression, and drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through multiple molecular signaling pathways. Here, we summarize the emerging link between O-GlcNAcylation and hepatic pathological processes and provide information about the development of therapeutic strategies for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zun Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (Z.M.); (Z.G.)
| | - Junpeng Mu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China;
| | - Zhixiang Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (Z.M.); (Z.G.)
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
| | - Long Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (Z.M.); (Z.G.)
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7
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Yin N, Xu B, Huang Z, Fu Y, Huang H, Fan J, Huang C, Mei Q, Zeng Y. Inhibition of Pck1 in intestinal epithelial cells alleviates acute pancreatitis via modulating intestinal homeostasis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23618. [PMID: 38651689 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400039r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier dysfunction usually occurred in acute pancreatitis (AP) but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, RNA sequencing of ileum in L-arginine-induced AP mice demonstrated that phosphoenolpyruvate kinase 1 (Pck1) was significantly up-regulated. Increased Pck1 expression in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) was further validated in ileum of AP mice and duodenum of AP patients. In AP mice, level of Pck1 was positively correlated with pancreatic and ileal histopathological scores, serum amylase activity, and intestinal permeability (serum diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate, and endotoxin). In AP patients, level of Pck1 had a positive correlation with Ranson scores, white blood cell count and C-reactive protein. Inhibition of Pck1 by 3-Mercaptopicolinic acid hydrochloride (3-MPA) alleviated pancreatic and ileal injuries in AP mice. AP + 3-MPA mice showed improved intestinal permeability, including less epithelial apoptosis, increased tight junction proteins (TJPs) expression, decreased serum DAO, D-lactate, endotoxin, and FITC-Dextran levels, and reduced bacteria translocation. Lysozyme secreted by Paneth cells and mucin2 (MUC2) secretion in goblet cells were also partly restored in AP + 3-MPA mice. Meanwhile, inhibition of Pck1 improved intestinal immune response during AP, including elevation of M2/M1 macrophages ratio and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and reduction in neutrophils infiltration. In vitro, administration of 3-MPA dramatically ameliorated inflammation and injuries of epithelial cells in enteroids treated by LPS. In conclusion, inhibition of Pck1 in IECs might alleviate AP via modulating intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuoming Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binqiang Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehua Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizheng Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qixiang Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yetkin-Arik B, Jansen SA, Varderidou-Minasian S, Westendorp B, Skarp KP, Altelaar M, Lindemans CA, Lorenowicz MJ. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells promote intestinal epithelium regeneration after chemotherapy-induced damage. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:125. [PMID: 38679715 PMCID: PMC11057078 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative treatment for leukemia and a range of non-malignant disorders. The success of the therapy is hampered by occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD); an inflammatory response damaging recipient organs, with gut, liver, and skin being the most susceptible. Intestinal GvHD injury is often a life-threatening complication in patients unresponsive to steroid treatment. Allogeneic mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) infusions are a promising potential treatment for steroid-resistant aGvHD. Data from our institution and others demonstrate rescue of approximately 40-50% of aGvHD patients with MSCs in Phase I, II studies and minor side effects. Although promising, better understanding of MSC mode of action and patient response to MSC-based therapy is essential to improve this lifesaving treatment. METHODS Single cell human small intestine organoids were embedded in Matrigel, grown for 5 days and treated with busulfan for 48 h. Organoids damaged by treatment with busulfan or control organoids were co-cultured with 5000, 10,000, and 50,000 MSCs for 24 h, 48 h or 7 days and the analyses such as surface area determination, proliferation and apoptosis assessment, RNA sequencing and proteomics were performed. RESULTS Here, we developed a 3D co-culture model of human small intestinal organoids and MSCs, which allows to study the regenerative effects of MSCs on intestinal epithelium in a more physiologically relevant setting than existing in vitro systems. Using this model we mimicked chemotherapy-mediated damage of the intestinal epithelium. The treatment with busulfan, the chemotherapeutic commonly used as conditioning regiment before the HSCT, affected pathways regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition, proliferation, and apoptosis in small intestinal organoids, as shown by transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. The co-culture of busulfan-treated intestinal organoids with MSCs reversed the effects of busulfan on the transcriptome and proteome of intestinal epithelium, which we also confirmed by functional evaluation of proliferation and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we demonstrate that our in vitro co-culture system is a new valuable tool to facilitate the investigation of the molecular mechanisms behind the therapeutic effects of MSCs on damaged intestinal epithelium. This could benefit further optimization of the use of MSCs in HSCT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yetkin-Arik
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Living Technologies, Alliance TU/E, WUR, UU, UMC Utrecht, Princetonlaan 6, 3584 CB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S A Jansen
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Varderidou-Minasian
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B Westendorp
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division Cell Biology, Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K-P Skarp
- Biomedical Primate Research Center, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - M Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, and Utrecht Institute For Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C A Lindemans
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M J Lorenowicz
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Biomedical Primate Research Center, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
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9
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Chen L, Hu M, Chen L, Peng Y, Zhang C, Wang X, Li X, Yao Y, Song Q, Li J, Pei H. Targeting O-GlcNAcylation in cancer therapeutic resistance: The sugar Saga continues. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216742. [PMID: 38401884 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation), a dynamic post-translational modification (PTM), holds profound implications in controlling various cellular processes such as cell signaling, metabolism, and epigenetic regulation that influence cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. From the therapeutic perspective, O-GlcNAc modulates drug efflux, targeting and metabolism. By integrating signals from glucose, lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolic pathways, O-GlcNAc acts as a nutrient sensor and transmits signals to exerts its function on genome stability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell stemness, cell apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle. O-GlcNAc also attends to tumor microenvironment (TME) and the immune response. At present, several strategies aiming at targeting O-GlcNAcylation are under mostly preclinical evaluation, where the newly developed O-GlcNAcylation inhibitors markedly enhance therapeutic efficacy. Here we systematically outline the mechanisms through which O-GlcNAcylation influences therapy resistance and deliberate on the prospects and challenges associated with targeting O-GlcNAcylation in future cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Chen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
| | - Mengxue Hu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Luojun Chen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yihan Peng
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Cai Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiangpan Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Huadong Pei
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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10
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Meng W, Lu X, Wang G, Xiao Q, Gao J. ZNF692 drives malignant development of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by promoting ALDOA-dependent glycolysis. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:53. [PMID: 38453820 PMCID: PMC10920453 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the malignancies with the worst prognosis worldwide, in the occurrence and development of which glycolysis plays a central role. This study uncovered a mechanism by which ZNF692 regulates ALDOA-dependent glycolysis in HCC cells. RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to detect the expression of ZNF692, KAT5, and ALDOA in HCC cell lines and a normal liver cell line. The influences of transfection-induced alterations in the expression of ZNF692, KAT5, and ALDOA on the functions of HepG2 cells were detected by performing MTT, flow cytometry, Transwell, cell scratch, and colony formation assays, and the levels of glucose and lactate were determined using assay kits. ChIP and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to validate the binding of ZNF692 to the KAT5 promoter, and co-IP assays to detect the interaction between KAT5 and ALDOA and the acetylation of ALDOA. ZNF692, KAT5, and ALDOA were highly expressed in human HCC samples and cell lines, and their expression levels were positively correlated in HCC. ZNF692, ALDOA, or KAT5 knockdown inhibited glycolysis, proliferation, invasion, and migration and promoted apoptosis in HepG2 cells. ZNF692 bound to the KAT5 promoter and promoted its activity. ALDOA acetylation levels were elevated in HCC cell lines. KAT5 bound to ALDOA and catalyzed ALDOA acetylation. ALDOA or KAT5 overexpression in the same time of ZNF692 knockdown, compared to ZNF692 knockdown only, stimulated glycolysis, proliferation, invasion, and migration and reduced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. ZNF692 promotes the acetylation modification and protein expression of ALDOA by catalyzing KAT5 transcription, thereby accelerating glycolysis to drive HCC cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Meng
- Department of Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People's Hospital, No. 11, Jixiang Road, Shiyan Street, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518108, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Lu
- Department of Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People's Hospital, No. 11, Jixiang Road, Shiyan Street, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518108, P.R. China
| | - Guanglei Wang
- Department of Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People's Hospital, No. 11, Jixiang Road, Shiyan Street, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518108, P.R. China
| | - Qingyu Xiao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518108, P.R. China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People's Hospital, No. 11, Jixiang Road, Shiyan Street, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518108, P.R. China.
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11
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Nie D, Tang X, Deng H, Yang X, Tao J, Xu F, Liu Y, Wu K, Wang K, Mei Z, Huang A, Tang N. Metabolic Enzyme SLC27A5 Regulates PIP4K2A pre-mRNA Splicing as a Noncanonical Mechanism to Suppress Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305374. [PMID: 38059827 PMCID: PMC10837360 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Solute carrier family 27 member 5, a key enzyme in fatty acid transport and bile acid metabolism in the liver, is frequently expressed in low quantities in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, resulting in poor prognosis. However, it is unclear whether SLC27A5 plays non-canonical functions and regulates HCC progression. Here, an unexpected non-canonical role of SLC27A5 is reported: regulating the alternative splicing of mRNA to inhibit the metastasis of HCC independently of its metabolic enzyme activity. Mechanistically, SLC27A5 interacts with IGF2BP3 to prevent its translocation into the nucleus, thereby inhibiting its binding to target mRNA and modulating PIP4K2A pre-mRNA splicing. Loss of SLC27A5 results in elevated levels of the PIP4K2A-S isoform, thus positively regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling via enhanced p85 stability in HCC. SLC27A5 restoration by AAV-Slc27a5 or IGF2BP3 RNA decoy oligonucleotides exerts an inhibitory effect on HCC metastasis with reduced expression of the PIP4K2A-S isoform. Therefore, PIP4K2A-S may be a novel target for treating HCC with SLC27A5 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing400016China
| | - Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Haijun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing400016China
| | - Junji Tao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Fengli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Kang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Zhechuan Mei
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Ni Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
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12
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Hu YJ, Zhang X, Lv HM, Liu Y, Li SZ. Protein O-GlcNAcylation: The sweet hub in liver metabolic flexibility from a (patho)physiological perspective. Liver Int 2024; 44:293-315. [PMID: 38110988 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic, reversible and atypical O-glycosylation that regulates various cellular physiological processes via conformation, stabilisation, localisation, chaperone interaction or activity of target proteins. The O-GlcNAcylation cycle is precisely controlled by collaboration between O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase. Uridine-diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine, the sole donor of O-GlcNAcylation produced by the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, is controlled by the input of glucose, glutamine, acetyl coenzyme A and uridine triphosphate, making it a sensor of the fluctuation of molecules, making O-GlcNAcylation a pivotal nutrient sensor for the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids and nucleotides. O-GlcNAcylation, particularly prevalent in liver, is the core hub for controlling systemic glucose homeostasis due to its nutritional sensitivity and precise spatiotemporal regulation of insulin signal transduction. The pathology of various liver diseases has highlighted hepatic metabolic disorder and dysfunction, and abnormal O-GlcNAcylation also plays a specific pathological role in these processes. Therefore, this review describes the unique features of O-GlcNAcylation and its dynamic homeostasis maintenance. Additionally, it explains the underlying nutritional sensitivity of O-GlcNAcylation and discusses its mechanism of spatiotemporal modulation of insulin signal transduction and liver metabolic homeostasis during the fasting and feeding cycle. This review emphasises the pathophysiological implications of O-GlcNAcylation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatic fibrosis, and focuses on the adverse effects of hyper O-GlcNAcylation on liver cancer progression and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hong-Ming Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shi-Ze Li
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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13
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Li Y, Qu S, Jin H, Jia Q, Li M. Role of O-GlcNAcylation in cancer biology. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155001. [PMID: 38043191 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the general characteristics of cancer cells is the abnormal increase of O-GlcNAcylation. Recent studies have shown that it affects the basic functions of proteins and regulates multiple phenotypes of cancer cells through key signals and metabolic pathways. O-GlcNAcylation is a covalent linkage between the β-D-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) sugar and target protein. It interacts with many other types of post-translational modifications and works together in the whole process of cancer development. For example, it regulates cell activities such as cell signal transduction, transcription, cell division, metabolism and cytoskeleton regulation. In this review, we summarized the general concept of O-GlcNAcylation and its related role in the ten major tumor phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuhan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Qingge Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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14
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Wu K, Liu Y, Xia J, Liu J, Wang K, Liang H, Xu F, Liu D, Nie D, Tang X, Huang A, Chen C, Tang N. Loss of SLC27A5 Activates Hepatic Stellate Cells and Promotes Liver Fibrosis via Unconjugated Cholic Acid. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304408. [PMID: 37957540 PMCID: PMC10787101 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Although the dysregulation of bile acid (BA) composition has been associated with fibrosis progression, its precise roles in liver fibrosis is poorly understood. This study demonstrates that solute carrier family 27 member 5 (SLC27A5), an enzyme involved in BAs metabolism, is substantially downregulated in the liver tissues of patients with cirrhosis and fibrosis mouse models. The downregulation of SLC27A5 depends on RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), which serves as a transcriptional repressor. The findings reveal that experimental SLC27A5 knockout (Slc27a5-/- ) mice display spontaneous liver fibrosis after 24 months. The loss of SLC27A5 aggravates liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCI4 ) and thioacetamide (TAA). Mechanistically, SLC27A5 deficiency results in the accumulation of unconjugated BA, particularly cholic acid (CA), in the liver. This accumulation leads to the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by upregulated expression of early growth response protein 3 (EGR3). The re-expression of hepatic SLC27A5 by an adeno-associated virus or the reduction of CA levels in the liver using A4250, an apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) inhibitor, ameliorates liver fibrosis in Slc27a5-/- mice. In conclusion, SLC27A5 deficiency in mice drives hepatic fibrosis through CA-induced activation of HSCs, highlighting its significant implications for liver fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Jiale Liu
- Institute of Life SciencesChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Huijun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Fengli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Dina Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Dan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Chang Chen
- Institute of Life SciencesChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Ni Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
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15
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Jayathirtha M, Jayaweera T, Whitham D, Sullivan I, Petre BA, Darie CC, Neagu AN. Two-Dimensional-PAGE Coupled with nLC-MS/MS-Based Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins and Tumorigenic Pathways in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells Transfected for JTB Protein Silencing. Molecules 2023; 28:7501. [PMID: 38005222 PMCID: PMC10673289 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of new cancer-associated genes/proteins, the characterization of their expression variation, the interactomics-based assessment of differentially expressed genes/proteins (DEGs/DEPs), and understanding the tumorigenic pathways and biological processes involved in BC genesis and progression are necessary and possible by the rapid and recent advances in bioinformatics and molecular profiling strategies. Taking into account the opinion of other authors, as well as based on our own team's in vitro studies, we suggest that the human jumping translocation breakpoint (hJTB) protein might be considered as a tumor biomarker for BC and should be studied as a target for BC therapy. In this study, we identify DEPs, carcinogenic pathways, and biological processes associated with JTB silencing, using 2D-PAGE coupled with nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) proteomics applied to a MCF7 breast cancer cell line, for complementing and completing our previous results based on SDS-PAGE, as well as in-solution proteomics of MCF7 cells transfected for JTB downregulation. The functions of significant DEPs are analyzed using GSEA and KEGG analyses. Almost all DEPs exert pro-tumorigenic effects in the JTBlow condition, sustaining the tumor suppressive function of JTB. Thus, the identified DEPs are involved in several signaling and metabolic pathways that play pro-tumorigenic roles: EMT, ERK/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, mTOR, C-MYC, NF-κB, IFN-γ and IFN-α responses, UPR, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. These pathways sustain cancer cell growth, adhesion, survival, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, resistance to apoptosis, tight junctions and cytoskeleton reorganization, the maintenance of stemness, metabolic reprogramming, survival in a hostile environment, and sustain a poor clinical outcome. In conclusion, JTB silencing might increase the neoplastic phenotype and behavior of the MCF7 BC cell line. The data is available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD046265.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Jayathirtha
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (I.S.); (C.C.D.)
| | - Taniya Jayaweera
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (I.S.); (C.C.D.)
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (I.S.); (C.C.D.)
| | - Isabelle Sullivan
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (I.S.); (C.C.D.)
| | - Brîndușa Alina Petre
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (I.S.); (C.C.D.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Carol I bvd, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Fundamental Research and Experimental Development in Translation Medicine–TRANSCEND, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Costel C. Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (I.S.); (C.C.D.)
| | - Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Carol I Bvd. No. 22, 700505 Iasi, Romania
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16
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Liu F, Liao Z, Zhang Z. MYC in liver cancer: mechanisms and targeted therapy opportunities. Oncogene 2023; 42:3303-3318. [PMID: 37833558 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02861-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
MYC, a major oncogenic transcription factor, regulates target genes involved in various pathways such as cell proliferation, metabolism and immune evasion, playing a critical role in the tumor initiation and development in multiple types of cancer. In liver cancer, MYC and its signaling pathways undergo significant changes, exerting a profound impact on liver cancer progression, including tumor proliferation, metastasis, dedifferentiation, metabolism, immune microenvironment, and resistance to comprehensive therapies. This makes MYC an appealing target, despite it being previously considered an undruggable protein. In this review, we discuss the role and mechanisms of MYC in liver physiology, chronic liver diseases, hepatocarcinogenesis, and liver cancer progression, providing a theoretical basis for targeting MYC as an ideal therapeutic target for liver cancer. We also summarize and prospect the strategies for targeting MYC, including direct and indirect approaches to abolish the oncogenic function of MYC in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhanguo Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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17
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Le Minh G, Esquea EM, Young RG, Huang J, Reginato MJ. On a sugar high: Role of O-GlcNAcylation in cancer. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105344. [PMID: 37838167 PMCID: PMC10641670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer progression have led to the development of novel therapeutic targeting strategies. Aberrant glycosylation patterns and their implication in cancer have gained increasing attention as potential targets due to the critical role of glycosylation in regulating tumor-specific pathways that contribute to cancer cell survival, proliferation, and progression. A special type of glycosylation that has been gaining momentum in cancer research is the modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins, termed O-GlcNAcylation. This protein modification is catalyzed by an enzyme called O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which uses the final product of the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) to connect altered nutrient availability to changes in cellular signaling that contribute to multiple aspects of tumor progression. Both O-GlcNAc and its enzyme OGT are highly elevated in cancer and fulfill the crucial role in regulating many hallmarks of cancer. In this review, we present and discuss the latest findings elucidating the involvement of OGT and O-GlcNAc in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang Le Minh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily M Esquea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Riley G Young
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jessie Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mauricio J Reginato
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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18
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Shan X, Jiang R, Gou D, Xiang J, Zhou P, Xia J, Wang K, Huang A, Tang N, Huang L. Identification of a diketopiperazine-based O-GlcNAc transferase inhibitor sensitizing hepatocellular carcinoma to CDK9 inhibition. FEBS J 2023; 290:4543-4561. [PMID: 37247228 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation (O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation) is an important post-translational and metabolic process in cells that is implicated in a wide range of physiological processes. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is ubiquitously present in cells and is the only enzyme that catalyses the transfer of O-GlcNAc to nucleocytoplasmic proteins. Aberrant glycosylation by OGT has been linked to a variety of diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and diabetes. Previously, we and others demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation is notably elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The overexpression of O-GlcNAcylation promotes cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we report the identification of HLY838, a novel diketopiperazine-based OGT inhibitor with the ability to induce a global decrease in cellular O-GlcNAc. HLY838 enhances the in vitro and in vivo anti-HCC activity of CDK9 inhibitor by downregulating c-Myc and downstream E2F1 expression. Mechanistically, c-Myc is regulated by the CDK9 at the transcript level, and stabilized by OGT at the protein level. This work therefore demonstrates that HLY838 potentiates the antitumor responses of CDK9 inhibitor, providing an experimental rationale for developing OGT inhibitor as a sensitizing agent in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Shan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Dongmei Gou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Jin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Ni Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Luyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
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Wang H, Breadner DA, Deng K, Niu J. CircRHOT1 restricts gastric cancer cell ferroptosis by epigenetically regulating GPX4. J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 14:1715-1725. [PMID: 37720433 PMCID: PMC10502555 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-23-550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant form of cancer that severely threatens human health. Despite developments on treatment, the prognosis of patients with advanced GC remains poor. Hence, the identification of detailed molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets is of great importance for GC study. In recent years, circular RNAs have been widely reported to be important regulators in cancer initiation and progression. This study sought to evaluate the function of circRHOT1 in GC development. Methods Clinical specimens were collected from patients with GC to detect the level of circRHOT1. The expression of circRHOT1 in several GC cell lines was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8), colony formation, and xenograft tumor growth experiments were performed to check cell proliferation. Cell ferroptosis was determined by the levels of intracellular iron, Fe2+ (Divalent iron ion), lipid reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and glutathione. The protein levels of SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) were detected by western blot assays. The epigenetic regulation of the GPX4 gene was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Results CircRHOT1 was more highly expressed in the GC tumors than the adjacent non-tumor tissues. The knockdown of circRHOT1 significantly suppressed cell growth (P<0.05) and stimulated the ferroptosis of the GC cells (P<0.05). CircRHOT1 recruited KAT5 (Acetyltransferase Tip60) to promote the acetylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 protein subunit (H3k27Ac) of the GPX4 gene and stimulated gene transcription. The overexpression of KAT5 and GPX4 notably reversed the anti-proliferation effect of circRHOT1 depletion (P<0.05). Conclusions CircRHOT1 promoted GC progression and suppressed ferroptosis by recruiting KAT5 to initiate GPX4 transcription. Our findings showed that cirRHOT1 is a promising target for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daniel Adam Breadner
- Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry at Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ke Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Niu
- Health Management Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
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20
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Gonzalez-Rellan MJ, Parracho T, Heras V, Rodriguez A, Fondevila MF, Novoa E, Lima N, Varela-Rey M, Senra A, Chantada-Vazquez MD, Ameneiro C, Bernardo G, Fernandez-Ramos D, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Bilbao J, Guallar D, Fidalgo M, Bravo S, Dieguez C, Martinez-Chantar ML, Millet O, Mato JM, Schwaninger M, Prevot V, Crespo J, Frühbeck G, Iruzubieta P, Nogueiras R. Hepatocyte-specific O-GlcNAc transferase downregulation ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by improving mitochondrial function. Mol Metab 2023:101776. [PMID: 37453647 PMCID: PMC10382944 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification that directly couples the processes of nutrient sensing, metabolism, and signal transduction, affecting protein function and localization, since the O-linked N-acetylglucosamine moiety comes directly from the metabolism of glucose, lipids, and amino acids. De addition and removal of O-GlcNAc of target proteins is mediated by two highly conserved enzymes: O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. Deregulation of O-GlcNAcylation has been reported to be associated with various human diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The contribution of deregulated O-GlcNAcylation to the progression and pathogenesis of NAFLD remains intriguing, and a better understanding of its roles in this pathophysiological context is required to uncover novel avenues for therapeutic intervention. By using a translational approach, our aim is to describe the role of OGT and O-GlcNAcylation in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We used primary mouse hepatocytes, human hepatic cell lines and in vivo mouse models of steatohepatitis to manipulate O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). We also studied OGT and O-GlcNAcylation in liver samples from different cohorts of people with NAFLD. O-GlcNAcylation was upregulated in the liver of people and animal models with steatohepatitis. Downregulation of OGT in NAFLD-hepatocytes improved diet-induced liver injury in both in vivo and in vitro models. Proteomics studies revealed that mitochondrial proteins were hyper-O-GlcNAcylated in the liver of mice with steatohepatitis. Inhibition of OGT is able to restore mitochondrial oxidation and decrease hepatic lipid content in in vitro and in vivo models of NAFLD. These results demonstrate that deregulated hyper-O-GlcNAcylation favors NAFLD progression by reducing mitochondrial oxidation and promoting hepatic lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Gonzalez-Rellan
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain.
| | - Tamara Parracho
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Violeta Heras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodriguez
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marcos F Fondevila
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Eva Novoa
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Natalia Lima
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Varela-Rey
- Gene Regulatory Control in Disease, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Senra
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Dp Chantada-Vazquez
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, 15705 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Cristina Ameneiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ganeko Bernardo
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - David Fernandez-Ramos
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jon Bilbao
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Diana Guallar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Fidalgo
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana Bravo
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, 15705 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carlos Dieguez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Oscar Millet
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology, Spain
| | - Jose M Mato
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology, Spain
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- University of Lübeck, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID),F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Javier Crespo
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital. Clinical and Translational Digestive Research Group, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paula Iruzubieta
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital. Clinical and Translational Digestive Research Group, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain; Galicia Agency of Innovation (GAIN), Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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21
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Zheng Y, Gao K, Gao Q, Zhang S. Glycoproteomic contributions to hepatocellular carcinoma research: a 2023 update. Expert Rev Proteomics 2023; 20:211-220. [PMID: 37882248 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2023.2265064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant burden globally, which ranks sixth among the most frequently diagnosed cancers and stands as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Glycoproteomics, as an important branch of proteomics, has already made significant achievements in the field of HCC research. Aberrant protein glycosylation has shown to promote the malignant transformation of hepatocytes by modulating a wide range of tumor-promoting signaling pathways. The glycoproteome provides valuable information for understanding cancer progression, tumor immunity, and clinical outcome, which could serve as potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools in HCC. AREAS COVERED In this review, recent advances of glycoproteomics contribute to clinical applications (diagnosis and prognosis) and molecular mechanisms (hepatocarcinogenesis, progression, stemness and recurrence, and drug resistance) of HCC are summarized. EXPERT OPINION Glycoproteomics shows promise in HCC, enhancing early detection, risk stratification, and personalized treatments. Challenges include sample heterogeneity, diverse glycans structures, sensitivity issues, complex workflows, limited databases, and incomplete understanding of immune cell glycosylation. Addressing these limitations requires collaborative efforts, technological advancements, standardization, and validation studies. Future research should focus on targeting abnormal protein glycosylation therapeutically. Advancements in glycobiomarkers and glycosylation-targeted therapies will greatly impact HCC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Wang L, Li G, Zhou Z, Ge C, Chen Q, Liu Y, Zhang N, Zhang K, Niu M, Li W, Zhong X, Wu S, Zhang J, Liu Y. Chromatin-associated OGT promotes the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating ZNF263. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02751-1. [PMID: 37353617 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Reversible and dynamic O-GlcNAcylation regulates vast networks of highly coordinated cellular and nuclear processes. Although dysregulation of the sole enzyme O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) was shown to be associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the mechanisms by which OGT controls the cis-regulatory elements in the genome and performs transcriptional functions remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that elevated OGT levels enhance HCC proliferation and metastasis, in vitro and in vivo, by orchestrating the transcription of numerous regulators of malignancy. Diverse transcriptional regulators are recruited by OGT in HCC cells undergoing malignant progression, which shapes genome-wide OGT chromatin cis-element occupation. Furthermore, an unrecognized cooperation between ZNF263 and OGT is crucial for activating downstream transcription in HCC cells. We reveal that O-GlcNAcylation of Ser662 is responsible for the chromatin association of ZNF263 at candidate gene promoters and the OGT-facilitated HCC malignant phenotypes. Our data establish the importance of aberrant OGT activity and ZNF263 O-GlcNAcylation in the malignant progression of HCC and support the investigation of OGT as a therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Guofang Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Ziyu Zhou
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Chang Ge
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Qiushi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yajie Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Keren Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingshan Niu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Sijin Wu
- Shenzhen Jingtai Technology Co., Ltd. (XtalPi), Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jianing Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China.
| | - Yubo Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China.
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23
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Shibahara D, Akanuma N, Kobayashi IS, Heo E, Ando M, Fujii M, Jiang F, Prin PN, Pan G, Wong K, Costa DB, Bararia D, Tenen DG, Watanabe H, Kobayashi SS. TIP60 is required for tumorigenesis in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:2400-2413. [PMID: 36916958 PMCID: PMC10236639 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications play crucial roles in transcriptional activation, and aberrant epigenetic changes are associated with oncogenesis. Lysine (K) acetyltransferases 5 (TIP60, also known as KAT5) is reportedly implicated in cancer development and maintenance, although its function in lung cancer remains controversial. Here we demonstrate that TIP60 knockdown in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines decreased tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, analysis of a mouse lung cancer model with lung-specific conditional Tip60 knockout revealed suppressed tumor formation relative to controls, but no apparent effects on normal lung homeostasis. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses of inducible TIP60 knockdown H1975 cells relative to controls revealed transglutaminase enzyme (TGM5) as downstream of TIP60. Investigation of a connectivity map database identified several candidate compounds that decrease TIP60 mRNA, one that suppressed tumor growth in cell culture and in vivo. In addition, TH1834, a TIP60 acetyltransferase inhibitor, showed comparable antitumor effects in cell culture and in vivo. Taken together, suppression of TIP60 activity shows tumor-specific efficacy against lung cancer, with no overt effect on normal tissues. Our work suggests that targeting TIP60 could be a promising approach to treating lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Shibahara
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Naoki Akanuma
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ikei S. Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Eunyoung Heo
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineSMG‐SNU Boramae Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Mariko Ando
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Masanori Fujii
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Feng Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesTisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - P. Nicholas Prin
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Gilbert Pan
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kwok‐Kin Wong
- Perlmutter Cancer CenterNYU Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Daniel B. Costa
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Deepak Bararia
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Daniel G. Tenen
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Hideo Watanabe
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesTisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Susumu S. Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial CenterNational Cancer CenterKashiwaJapan
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24
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Yu Y, Li J, Ren K. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinases as emerging targets in cancer therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1196226. [PMID: 37250903 PMCID: PMC10217351 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1196226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is commonly accompanied by alterations in the expression of metabolic enzymes. These metabolic enzymes not only catalyze the intracellular metabolic reaction, but also participate in a series of molecular events to regulate tumor initiation and development. Thus, these enzymes may act as promising therapeutic targets for tumor management. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinases (PCKs) are the key enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis, which mediates the conversion of oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate. Two isoforms of PCK, namely cytosolic PCK1 and mitochondrial PCK2, has been found. PCK not only participates in the metabolic adaptation, but also regulates immune response and signaling pathways for tumor progression. In this review, we discussed the regulatory mechanisms of PCKs expression including transcription and post-translational modification. We also summarized the function of PCKs in tumor progression in different cellular contexts and explores its role in developing promising therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingying Li
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Kaiming Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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25
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O-GlcNAcylation of SPOP promotes carcinogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2023; 42:725-736. [PMID: 36604567 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrantly elevated O-GlcNAcylation level is commonly observed in human cancer patients, and has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target. Speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP), an important substrate adaptor of cullin3-RING ubiquitin ligase, plays a key role in the initiation and development of various cancers. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing SPOP and its function during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remain unclear. Here, we show that, in HCC, SPOP is highly O-GlcNAcylated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) at Ser96. In normal liver cells, the SPOP protein mainly localizes in the cytoplasm and mediates the ubiquitination of the oncoprotein neurite outgrowth inhibitor-B (Nogo-B) (also known as reticulon 4 B) by recognizing its N-terminal SPOP-binding consensus (SBC) motifs. However, O-GlcNAcylation of SPOP at Ser96 increases the nuclear positioning of SPOP in hepatoma cells, alleviating the ubiquitination of the Nogo-B protein, thereby promoting HCC progression in vitro and in vivo. In addition, ablation of O-GlcNAcylation by an S96A mutation increased the cytoplasmic localization of SPOP, thereby inhibiting the Nogo-B/c-FLIP cascade and HCC progression. Our findings reveal a novel post-translational modification of SPOP and identify a novel SPOP substrate, Nogo-B, in HCC. Intervention with the hyper O-GlcNAcylation of SPOP may provide a novel strategy for HCC treatment.
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26
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Post-Translational Modifications by Lipid Metabolites during the DNA Damage Response and Their Role in Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111655. [DOI: 10.3390/biom12111655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic DNA damage occurs as an inevitable consequence of exposure to harmful exogenous and endogenous agents. Therefore, the effective sensing and repair of DNA damage are essential for maintaining genomic stability and cellular homeostasis. Inappropriate responses to DNA damage can lead to genomic instability and, ultimately, cancer. Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) are a key regulator of the DNA damage response (DDR), and recent progress in mass spectrometry analysis methods has revealed that a wide range of metabolites can serve as donors for PTMs. In this review, we will summarize how the DDR is regulated by lipid metabolite-associated PTMs, including acetylation, S-succinylation, N-myristoylation, palmitoylation, and crotonylation, and the implications for tumorigenesis. We will also discuss potential novel targets for anti-cancer drug development.
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Zhang J, Xun M, Li C, Chen Y. The O-GlcNAcylation and its promotion to hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188806. [PMID: 36152903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification that attaches O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to the serine and threonine residues of proteins. Such a glycosylation would alter the activities, stabilities, and interactions of target proteins that are functional in a wide range of biological processes and diseases. Accumulating evidence indicates that O-GlcNAcylation is tightly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in its onset, growth, invasion and metastasis, drug resistance, and stemness. Here we summarize the discoveries of the role of O-GlcNAcylation in HCC and its function mechanism, aiming to deepen our understanding of HCC pathology, generate more biomarkers for its diagnosis and prognosis, and offer novel molecular targets for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang 410001, China
| | - Min Xun
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang 410001, China
| | - Chaojie Li
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang 410001, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang 410001, China.
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Xiang J, Wang K, Tang N. PCK1 dysregulation in cancer: Metabolic reprogramming, oncogenic activation, and therapeutic opportunities. Genes Dis 2022; 10:101-112. [PMID: 37013052 PMCID: PMC10066343 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The last few decades have witnessed an advancement in our understanding of multiple cancer cell pathways related to metabolic reprogramming. One of the most important cancer hallmarks, including aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect), the central carbon pathway, and multiple-branch metabolic pathway remodeling, enables tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), a key rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis, catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate. PCK1 expression in gluconeogenic tissues is tightly regulated during fasting. In tumor cells, PCK1 is regulated in a cell-autonomous manner rather than by hormones or nutrients in the extracellular environment. Interestingly, PCK1 has an anti-oncogenic role in gluconeogenic organs (the liver and kidneys), but a tumor-promoting role in cancers arising from non-gluconeogenic organs. Recent studies have revealed that PCK1 has metabolic and non-metabolic roles in multiple signaling networks linking metabolic and oncogenic pathways. Aberrant PCK1 expression results in the activation of oncogenic pathways, accompanied by metabolic reprogramming, to maintain tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying PCK1 expression and regulation, and clarify the crosstalk between aberrant PCK1 expression, metabolic rewiring, and signaling pathway activation. In addition, we highlight the clinical relevance of PCK1 and its value as a putative cancer therapeutic target.
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