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Ying W, Zhao Y, He Y, Deng Y, Gan X, Li P, Chen X, Ding Z. Exosomal miR-184 facilitates bladder cancer progression by targeting AKR1C3 and inducing immune escape via IRF2-CXCL10 axis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1871:167627. [PMID: 39689761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Revised: 11/27/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024]
Abstract
Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying bladder cancer progression remain unclear. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been used to treat bladder cancer, but their efficacy is limited. Exosomes, which play a critical role in cell communication, can alter the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the impact of bladder cancer exosomes on the tumor microenvironment. Our research demonstrates a significant up-regulation of miR-184 in exosomes derived from bladder cancer cells. miR-184 promotes bladder cancer cell proliferation in vitro and facilitates tumor growth in mice by targeting the 3' UTR of AKR1C3 mRNA. Additionally, miR-184 targets IRF2 mRNA, reducing its transcriptional inhibition on CXCL10. This process induces the expression of CXCL10, which promotes the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor. However, these infiltrating T cells become exhausted. In summary, our study reveals that bladder cancer-derived exosomes deliver miR-184, which targets AKR1C3, contributing to bladder carcinogenesis and development. We also investigate how the IRF2-CXCL10 pathway induces T cell exhaustion and leads to immune escape. This research provides new insights into the immunotherapy of bladder cancer, highlighting potential molecular targets for more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Ying
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuhui He
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yisen Deng
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoming Gan
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Elastomers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peizhe Li
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhenshan Ding
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
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Fu XL, Guo SM, Ma JQ, Ma FY, Wang X, Tang YX, Li Y, Zhang WY, Ye LH. HBXIP induces PARP1 via WTAP-mediated m 6A modification and CEBPA-activated transcription in cisplatin resistance to hepatoma. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:2405-2419. [PMID: 38871923 PMCID: PMC11489769 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a DNA-binding protein that is involved in various biological functions, including DNA damage repair and transcription regulation. It plays a crucial role in cisplatin resistance. Nevertheless, the exact regulatory pathways governing PARP1 have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we present evidence suggesting that the hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) may exert regulatory control over PARP1. HBXIP functions as a transcriptional coactivator and is positively associated with PARP1 expression in tissues obtained from hepatoma patients in clinical settings, and its high expression promotes cisplatin resistance in hepatoma. We discovered that the oncogene HBXIP increases the level of PARP1 m6A modification by upregulating the RNA methyltransferase WTAP, leading to the accumulation of the PARP1 protein. In this process, on the one hand, HBXIP jointly activates the transcription factor ETV5, promoting the activation of the WTAP promoter and further facilitating the promotion of the m6A modification of PARP1 by WTAP methyltransferase, enhancing the RNA stability of PARP1. On the other hand, HBXIP can also jointly activate the transcription factor CEBPA, enhance the activity of the PARP1 promoter, and promote the upregulation of PARP1 expression, ultimately leading to enhanced DNA damage repair capability and promoting cisplatin resistance in hepatoma. Notably, aspirin inhibits HBXIP, thereby reducing the expression of PARP1. Overall, our research revealed a novel mechanism for increasing PARP1 abundance, and aspirin therapy could overcome cisplatin resistance in hepatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Li Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shi-Man Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jia-Qi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yan-Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wei-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Li-Hong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Liu W, Li G, Huang D, Qin T. AKR1C3 promotes progression and mediates therapeutic resistance by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis in small cell lung cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102027. [PMID: 38954974 PMCID: PMC11263718 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a high-grade neuroendocrine tumor characterized by initial sensitivity to chemotherapy, followed by the development of drug resistance. The underlying mechanisms of resistance in SCLC have not been fully elucidated. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), is known to be associated with chemoradiotherapy resistance in diverse tumors. We aim to evaluate the prognostic significance and immune characteristics of AKR1C3 and investigate its potential role in promoting drug resistance in SCLC. METHODS 81 postoperative SCLC tissues were used to analyze AKR1C3 prognostic value and immune features. The tissue microarrays were employed to validate the clinical significance of AKR1C3 in SCLC. The effects of AKR1C3 on SCLC cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis were detected by CCK-8, wound healing assay, transwell assay, flow cytometry and tube formation assay. RESULTS AKR1C3 demonstrated the highest expression level compared to other AKR1C family genes, and multivariate cox regression analysis identified it as an independent prognostic factor for SCLC. High AKR1C3 expression patients who underwent chemoradiotherapy experienced significantly shorter overall survival (OS). Furthermore, AKR1C3 was involved in the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment in SCLC. Silencing of AKR1C3 led to the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration, while simultaneously promoting apoptosis and reducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in SCLC. CONCLUSION AKR1C3 promotes cell growth and metastasis, leading to drug resistance through inducing EMT and angiogenesis in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guoli Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Dingzhi Huang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.
| | - Tingting Qin
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.
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Martin CS, Crastin A, Sagmeister MS, Kalirai MS, Turner JD, MacDonald L, Kurowska-Stolarska M, Scheel-Toellner D, Taylor AE, Gilligan LC, Storbeck K, Price M, Gorvin CM, A F, Mahida R, Clark AR, Jones SW, Raza K, Hewison M, Hardy RS. Inflammation dynamically regulates steroid hormone metabolism and action within macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis. J Autoimmun 2024; 147:103263. [PMID: 38851089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE In inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), steroid metabolism is a central component mediating the actions of immuno-modulatory glucocorticoids and sex steroids. However, the regulation and function of cellular steroid metabolism within key leukocyte populations such as macrophages remain poorly defined. In this study, the inflammatory regulation of global steroid metabolism was assessed in RA macrophages. METHODS Bulk RNA-seq data from RA synovial macrophages was used to assess transcripts encoding key enzymes in steroid metabolism and signalling. Changes in metabolism were assessed in synovial fluids, correlated to measures of disease activity and functionally validated in primary macrophage cultures. RESULTS RNA-seq revealed a unique pattern of differentially expressed genes, including changes in genes encoding the enzymes 11β-HSD1, SRD5A1, AKR1C2 and AKR1C3. These correlated with disease activity, favouring increased glucocorticoid and androgen levels. Synovial fluid 11β-HSD1 activity correlated with local inflammatory mediators (TNFα, IL-6, IL-17), whilst 11β-HSD1, SRD5A1 and AKR1C3 activity correlated with systemic measures of disease and patient pain (ESR, DAS28 ESR, global disease activity). Changes in enzyme activity were evident in inflammatory activated macrophages in vitro and revealed a novel androgen activating role for 11β-HSD1. Together, increased glucocorticoids and androgens were able to suppress inflammation in macrophages and fibroblast-like-synoviocytes. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the significant increase in androgen and glucocorticoid activation within inflammatory polarized macrophages of the synovium, contributing to local suppression of inflammation. The diminished profile of inactive steroid precursors in postmenopausal women may contribute to disturbances in this process, leading to increased disease incidence and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Martin
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Crastin
- School of Biomedical Sciences. Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M S Sagmeister
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M S Kalirai
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J D Turner
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - L MacDonald
- Centre of Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - M Kurowska-Stolarska
- Centre of Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - D Scheel-Toellner
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A E Taylor
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - L C Gilligan
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - K Storbeck
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - M Price
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - C M Gorvin
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Filer A
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Mahida
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands Uk
| | - A R Clark
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - S W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; School of Biomedical Sciences. Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - K Raza
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; MRC Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - R S Hardy
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; School of Biomedical Sciences. Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; MRC Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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5
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Pippione AC, Kovachka S, Vigato C, Bertarini L, Mannella I, Sainas S, Rolando B, Denasio E, Piercy-Mycock H, Romalho L, Salladini E, Adinolfi S, Zonari D, Peraldo-Neia C, Chiorino G, Passoni A, Mirza OA, Frydenvang K, Pors K, Lolli ML, Spyrakis F, Oliaro-Bosso S, Boschi D. Structure-guided optimization of 3-hydroxybenzoisoxazole derivatives as inhibitors of Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) to target prostate cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116193. [PMID: 38364714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
AKR1C3 is an enzyme that is overexpressed in several types of radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-resistant cancers. Despite AKR1C3 is a validated target for drug development, no inhibitor has been approved for clinical use. In this manuscript, we describe our study of a new series of potent AKR1C3-targeting 3-hydroxybenzoisoxazole based inhibitors that display high selectivity over the AKR1C2 isoform and low micromolar activity in inhibiting 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell proliferation. In silico studies suggested proper substituents to increase compound potency and provided with a mechanistic explanation that could clarify their different activity, later confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Both the in-silico studies and the crystallographic data highlight the importance of 90° rotation around the single bond of the biphenyl group, in ensuring that the inhibitor can adopt the optimal binding mode within the active pocket. The p-biphenyls that bear the meta-methoxy, and the ortho- and meta-trifluoromethyl substituents (in compounds 6a, 6e and 6f respectively) proved to be the best contributors to cellular potency as they provided the best IC50 values in series (2.3, 2.0 and 2.4 μM respectively) and showed no toxicity towards human MRC-5 cells. Co-treatment with scalar dilutions of either compound 6 or 6e and the clinically used drug abiraterone led to a significant reduction in cell proliferation, and thus confirmed that treatment with both CYP171A1-and AKR1C3-targeting compounds possess the potential to intervene in key steps in the steroidogenic pathway. Taken together, the novel compounds display desirable biochemical potency and cellular target inhibition as well as good in-vitro ADME properties, which highlight their potential for further preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Chiara Pippione
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Sandra Kovachka
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy; The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Chiara Vigato
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Bertarini
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Iole Mannella
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Sainas
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrica Denasio
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Helen Piercy-Mycock
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Linda Romalho
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Edoardo Salladini
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Adinolfi
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Zonari
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Caterina Peraldo-Neia
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, via Malta 3, 13900, Biella, Italy
| | - Giovanna Chiorino
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, via Malta 3, 13900, Biella, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Osman Asghar Mirza
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Pors
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Marco Lucio Lolli
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Simonetta Oliaro-Bosso
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy.
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Li M, Zhang L, Yu J, Wang X, Cheng L, Ma Z, Chen X, Wang L, Goh BC. AKR1C3 in carcinomas: from multifaceted roles to therapeutic strategies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1378292. [PMID: 38523637 PMCID: PMC10957692 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1378292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3 (AKR1C3), also known as type 5 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD5) or prostaglandin F (PGF) synthase, functions as a pivotal enzyme in androgen biosynthesis. It catalyzes the conversion of weak androgens, estrone (a weak estrogen), and PGD2 into potent androgens (testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone), 17β-estradiol (a potent estrogen), and 11β-PGF2α, respectively. Elevated levels of AKR1C3 activate androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway, contributing to tumor recurrence and imparting resistance to cancer therapies. The overexpression of AKR1C3 serves as an oncogenic factor, promoting carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, and is correlated with unfavorable prognosis and overall survival in carcinoma patients. Inhibiting AKR1C3 has demonstrated potent efficacy in suppressing tumor progression and overcoming treatment resistance. As a result, the development and design of AKR1C3 inhibitors have garnered increasing interest among researchers, with significant progress witnessed in recent years. Novel AKR1C3 inhibitors, including natural products and analogues of existing drugs designed based on their structures and frameworks, continue to be discovered and developed in laboratories worldwide. The AKR1C3 enzyme has emerged as a key player in carcinoma progression and therapeutic resistance, posing challenges in cancer treatment. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of AKR1C3's role in carcinoma development, its implications in therapeutic resistance, and recent advancements in the development of AKR1C3 inhibitors for tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Jingzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Le Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Haematology–Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Department of Haematology–Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Bajraktari-Sylejmani G, Oster JS, Burhenne J, Haefeli WE, Sauter M, Weiss J. In vitro evaluation of the reductive carbonyl idarubicin metabolism to evaluate inhibitors of the formation of cardiotoxic idarubicinol via carbonyl and aldo-keto reductases. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:807-820. [PMID: 38175295 PMCID: PMC10861747 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The most important dose-limiting factor of the anthracycline idarubicin is the high risk of cardiotoxicity, in which the secondary alcohol metabolite idarubicinol plays an important role. It is not yet clear which enzymes are most important for the formation of idarubicinol and which inhibitors might be suitable to suppress this metabolic step and thus would be promising concomitant drugs to reduce idarubicin-associated cardiotoxicity. We, therefore, established and validated a mass spectrometry method for intracellular quantification of idarubicin and idarubicinol and investigated idarubicinol formation in different cell lines and its inhibition by known inhibitors of the aldo-keto reductases AKR1A1, AKR1B1, and AKR1C3 and the carbonyl reductases CBR1/3. The enzyme expression pattern differed among the cell lines with dominant expression of CBR1/3 in HEK293 and MCF-7 and very high expression of AKR1C3 in HepG2 cells. In HEK293 and MCF-7 cells, menadione was the most potent inhibitor (IC50 = 1.6 and 9.8 µM), while in HepG2 cells, ranirestat was most potent (IC50 = 0.4 µM), suggesting that ranirestat is not a selective AKR1B1 inhibitor, but also an AKR1C3 inhibitor. Over-expression of AKR1C3 verified the importance of AKR1C3 for idarubicinol formation and showed that ranirestat is also a potent inhibitor of this enzyme. Taken together, our study underlines the importance of AKR1C3 and CBR1 for the reduction of idarubicin and identifies potent inhibitors of metabolic formation of the cardiotoxic idarubicinol, which should now be tested in vivo to evaluate whether such combinations can increase the cardiac safety of idarubicin therapies while preserving its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gzona Bajraktari-Sylejmani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Sophie Oster
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Burhenne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walter Emil Haefeli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Max Sauter
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Weiss
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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8
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Gao Y, Tao W, Wang S, Duan R, Zhang Z. AKR1C3 silencing inhibits autophagy-dependent glycolysis in thyroid cancer cells by inactivating ERK signaling. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22142. [PMID: 38349266 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is a highly differentiated and poorly malignant tumor. Interfering with glycolysis has become an effective means of controlling cancer progression and autophagy is negatively correlated with glycolysis. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) has been demonstrated to be highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissue and the higher AKR1C3 expression predicted the worse prognosis. We aimed to explore whether AKR1C3 could affect thyroid cancer progression by regulating autophagy-dependent glycolysis. AKR1C3 expression in thyroid cancer cells was detected by western blot. Then, AKR1C3 was knocked down by transfection with short hairpin RNA specific to AKR1C3 in the absence or presence of 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or PMA treatment. Cell cycle and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze LC3B expression. Extracellular acidification, glucose uptake and lactic acid secretion were detected. To evaluate the tumorigenicity of AKR1C3 insufficiency on thyroid cancer in vivo, TPC-1 cells with AKR1C3 knockdown were injected subcutaneously into nude mice. Then, cyclinD1 and Ki67 expression in tumorous tissues was measured by immunohistochemical analysis. Apoptosis was assessed by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling staining. Additionally, the expression of proteins related to cell cycle, apoptosis, glycolysis, autophagy, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in cells and tumor tissues was assessed by western blot. Highly expressed AKR1C3 was observed in thyroid cancer cells. AKR1C3 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of TPC-1 cells. Besides, autophagy was activated and glycolysis was inhibited following AKR1C3 silencing, and 3-MA treatment restored the impacts of AKR1C3 silencing on glycolysis. The further experiments revealed that AKR1C3 insufficiency inhibited ERK signaling and PMA application reversed AKR1C3 silencing-induced autophagy in TPC-1 cells. The in vivo results suggested that AKR1C3 knockdown inhibited the development of subcutaneous TPC-1 tumors in nude mice and inactivated the ERK signaling. Collectively, AKR1C3 silencing inhibited autophagy-dependent glycolysis in thyroid cancer by inactivating ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Oncology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Weijie Tao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Oncology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shoujun Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Oncology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Duan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Oncology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhendong Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Oncology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
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9
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Kreß JKC, Jessen C, Hufnagel A, Schmitz W, Xavier da Silva TN, Ferreira Dos Santos A, Mosteo L, Goding CR, Friedmann Angeli JP, Meierjohann S. The integrated stress response effector ATF4 is an obligatory metabolic activator of NRF2. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112724. [PMID: 37410595 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The redox regulator NRF2 becomes activated upon oxidative and electrophilic stress and orchestrates a response program associated with redox regulation, metabolism, tumor therapy resistance, and immune suppression. Here, we describe an unrecognized link between the integrated stress response (ISR) and NRF2 mediated by the ISR effector ATF4. The ISR is commonly activated after starvation or ER stress and plays a central role in tissue homeostasis and cancer plasticity. ATF4 increases NRF2 transcription and induces the glutathione-degrading enzyme CHAC1, which we now show to be critically important for maintaining NRF2 activation. In-depth analyses reveal that NRF2 supports ATF4-induced cells by increasing cystine uptake via the glutamate-cystine antiporter xCT. In addition, NRF2 upregulates genes mediating thioredoxin usage and regeneration, thus balancing the glutathione decrease. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the NRF2 response serves as second layer of the ISR, an observation highly relevant for the understanding of cellular resilience in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina Jessen
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anita Hufnagel
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Werner Schmitz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Ancély Ferreira Dos Santos
- Rudolf-Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Laura Mosteo
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Colin R Goding
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - José Pedro Friedmann Angeli
- Rudolf-Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Meierjohann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
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10
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Chen J, Zhang J, Tian W, Ge C, Su Y, Li J, Tian H. AKR1C3 suppresses ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma through regulation of YAP/SLC7A11 signaling pathway. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:833-844. [PMID: 36920042 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
AKR1C3 is frequently overexpressed and it is a validated therapeutic target in various tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous study showed that AKR1C3 facilitated HCC proliferation and metastasis by forming a positive feedback loop of AKR1C3-NF-κB-STAT3. Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent cell death driven by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species and plays an important role in tumor suppression. However, little is known about the role of AKR1C3 in ferroptosis susceptibility. In this study, we found that knockdown of AKR1C3 potently enhanced the sensitivity of HCC cells to ferroptosis inducers both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of AKR1C3 protected against ferroptosis in HCC cells. Mechanistically, AKR1C3 regulated ferroptosis through YAP/SLC7A11 signaling in HCC. AKR1C3 knockdown led to a decrease in YAP nuclear translocation, resulted in the inhibition of cystine transporter SLC7A11, and a subsequent increase in the intracellular levels of ferrous iron and ultimately ferroptosis. Moreover, we found that the combination of AKR1C3 and SLC7A11 was a strong predictor of poor prognosis in HCC. Collectively, these findings identify a novel role of AKR1C3 in ferroptosis, and highlighting a candidate therapeutic target to potentially improve the effect of ferroptosis-based antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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Deng Y, Lu L, Zhang H, Fu Y, Liu T, Chen Y. The role and regulation of Maf proteins in cancer. Biomark Res 2023; 11:17. [PMID: 36750911 PMCID: PMC9903618 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Maf proteins (Mafs) belong to basic leucine zipper transcription factors and are members of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) superfamily. There are two subgroups of Mafs: large Mafs and small Mafs, which are involved in a wide range of biological processes, such as the cell cycle, proliferation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Therefore, dysregulation of Mafs can affect cell fate and is closely associated with diverse diseases. Accumulating evidence has established both large and small Mafs as mediators of tumor development. In this review, we first briefly describe the structure and physiological functions of Mafs. Then we summarize the upstream regulatory mechanisms that control the expression and activity of Mafs. Furthermore, we discuss recent studies on the critical role of Mafs in cancer progression, including cancer proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, tumor/stroma interaction and angiogenesis. We also review the clinical implications of Mafs, namely their potential possibilities and limitations as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Deng
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Liqing Lu
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Huajun Zhang
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Ying Fu
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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12
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Yang Y, Ye X, Zhang H, Lin Z, Fang M, Wang J, Yu Y, Hua X, Huang H, Xu W, Liu L, Lin Z. A novel transcription factor-based signature to predict prognosis and therapeutic response of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Genet 2023; 13:1068837. [PMID: 36685838 PMCID: PMC9845592 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1068837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common aggressive malignancies with increasing incidence worldwide. The oncogenic roles of transcription factors (TFs) were increasingly recognized in various cancers. This study aimed to develop a predicting signature based on TFs for the prognosis and treatment of HCC. Methods: Differentially expressed TFs were screened from data in the TCGA-LIHC and ICGC-LIRI-JP cohorts. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to establish a TF-based prognostic signature. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the predictive efficacy of the signature. Subsequently, correlations of the risk model with clinical features and treatment response in HCC were also analyzed. The TF target genes underwent Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, followed by protein-protein-interaction (PPI) analysis. Results: A total of 25 differentially expressed TFs were screened, 16 of which were related to the prognosis of HCC in the TCGA-LIHC cohort. A 2-TF risk signature, comprising high mobility group AT-hook protein 1 (HMGA1) and MAF BZIP transcription factor G (MAFG), was constructed and validated to negatively related to the overall survival (OS) of HCC. The ROC curve showed good predictive efficiencies of the risk score regarding 1-year, 2-year and 3-year OS (mostly AUC >0.60). Additionally, the risk score independently predicted OS for HCC patients both in the training cohort of TCGA-LIHC dataset (HR = 2.498, p = 0.007) and in the testing cohort of ICGC-LIRI-JP dataset (HR = 5.411, p < 0.001). The risk score was also positively correlated to progressive characteristics regarding tumor grade, TNM stage and tumor invasion. Patients with a high-risk score were more resistant to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment and agents of lapatinib and erlotinib, but sensitive to chemotherapeutics. Further enrichment and PPI analyses demonstrated that the 2-TF signature distinguished tumors into 2 clusters with proliferative and metabolic features, with the hub genes belonging to the former cluster. Conclusion: Our study identified a 2-TF prognostic signature that indicated tumor heterogeneity with different clinical features and treatment preference, which help optimal therapeutic strategy and improved survival for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Yang
- Department of Radiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuenian Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongguan People’s Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Haibin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongguan People’s Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhaowang Lin
- Department of Radiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Radiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuyan Yu
- Department of Radiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuwen Hua
- Department of Radiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongxuan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongguan People’s Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, China,*Correspondence: Ling Liu, ; Zhan Lin,
| | - Zhan Lin
- Department of Radiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ling Liu, ; Zhan Lin,
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13
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Zheng SS, Wu YF, Zhang BH, Huang C, Xue TC. A novel myeloid cell marker genes related signature can indicate immune infiltration and predict prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: Integrated analysis of bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1118377. [PMID: 36959981 PMCID: PMC10027926 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1118377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cells are physiologically related to innate immunity and inflammation. Tumor-associated myeloid cells gained increasing interest because of their critical roles in tumor progression and anticancer immune responses in human malignancies. However, the associations between tumor-associated myeloid cell-related genes and hepatocellular carcinoma have yet to be revealed. Here, through the integrating analysis of bulk and single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing of public HCC samples, we developed a gene signature to investigate the role of HCC-specific myeloid signature genes in HCC patients. We firstly defined 317 myeloid cell marker genes through analyzing scRNA data of HCC from the GEO dataset. After selecting the differentially expressed genes, eleven genes were also proved prognostic. Then we built a gene signature from the TCGA cohort and verified further with the ICGC dataset by applying the LASSO Cox method. An eight genes signature (FABP5, C15orf48, PABPC1, TUBA1B, AKR1C3, NQO1, AKR1B10, SPP1) was achieved finally. Patients in the high risk group correlated with higher tumor stages and poor survival than those in the low-risk group. The risk score was proved to be an independent risk factor for prognosis. The high risk group had higher infiltrations of dendritic cells, macrophages and Tregs. And the APC co-inhibition, T cell co-inhibition pathways were also activated. Besides, the risk score positively correlated with multidrug resistance proteins. In conclusion, our myeloid cell marker genes related signature can predict patients' survival and may also indicate the levels of immune infiltration and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Su Zheng
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, China
| | - Yan-Fang Wu
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, China
| | - Bo-Heng Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, China
- The Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, The Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Cheng Huang, ; Tong-Chun Xue,
| | - Tong-Chun Xue
- The Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, The Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Cheng Huang, ; Tong-Chun Xue,
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