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Healy DR, Zarei I, Mikkonen S, Soininen S, Viitasalo A, Haapala EA, Auriola S, Hanhineva K, Kolehmainen M, Lakka TA. Longitudinal associations of an exposome score with serum metabolites from childhood to adolescence. Commun Biol 2024; 7:890. [PMID: 39039257 PMCID: PMC11263428 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental and lifestyle factors, including air pollution, impaired diet, and low physical activity, have been associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in childhood and adolescence. However, environmental and lifestyle exposures do not exert their physiological effects in isolation. This study investigated associations between an exposome score to measure the impact of multiple exposures, including diet, physical activity, sleep duration, air pollution, and socioeconomic status, and serum metabolites measured using LC-MS and NMR, compared to the individual components of the score. A general population of 504 children aged 6-9 years at baseline was followed up for eight years. Data were analysed with linear mixed-effects models using the R software. The exposome score was associated with 31 metabolites, of which 12 metabolites were not associated with any individual exposure category. These findings highlight the value of a composite score to predict metabolic changes associated with multiple environmental and lifestyle exposures since childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren R Healy
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland.
| | - Iman Zarei
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Santtu Mikkonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Sonja Soininen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Physician and Nursing Services, Health and Social Services Centre, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo, Varkaus, Finland
| | - Anna Viitasalo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Eero A Haapala
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
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de Lima TR, Silva DAS. Muscle Strength Indexes and Its Association With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescents: An Allometric Approach. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024; 95:289-302. [PMID: 37369134 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2023.2197024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims: Muscle strength (MS) has been associated with better cardiometabolic health prognosis. However, the result for the beneficial relationship seems to be dependent on the influence of body size in determining MS levels. We investigate the association between allometric MS indexes and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study comprising 351 adolescents (male: 44.4%; age range 14-19 years) from Southern Brazil. MS was assessed by handgrip strength and three different allometric approaches were adopted: 1) MS index based on theoretical allometric exponent; 2) MS index including body mass and height; 3) MS index including fat-free mass and height. Obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, glucose imbalance and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were investigated as individual factors or as combinations (either as combinations of components - presence of two adverse conditions, or number of components present in an individual - 0, 1, 2, 3+ cardiometabolic risk factors). Logistic and multinomial logistic regression analyses adjusted for confounding factors were used. The statistical significance adopted was 5%. Results: MS index based on theoretical allometric exponent was associated with lower likelihood (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.28 - 0.89) for the presence of three or more cardiometabolic risk factors in the same individual. Conclusion: This study suggests that MS index based on the theoretical allometric exponent can be superior to allometric MS indexes that included body mass and height, or fat-free mass and height in representing the presence of high number of cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents.
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Haapala EA, Kuronen E, Ihalainen JK, Lintu N, Leppänen MH, Tompuri T, Atalay M, Schwab U, Lakka TA. Cross-sectional associations between physical fitness and biomarkers of inflammation in children-The PANIC study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:1000-1009. [PMID: 36779507 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic low-grade inflammation has been proposed as an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for cardiometabolic diseases. We investigated the associations of physical fitness with a systemic low-grade inflammatory state in a population sample of children. METHODS Altogether 391 children aged 6-9 years were examined. Cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal power output, Wmax ) was assessed by a maximal cycle ergometer test and neuromuscular fitness by hand grip strength, sit-up, standing long jump, 50-meter shuttle run, static balance, sit-and-reach, and box and block tests. Body fat percentage (BF%) and lean mass (LM) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), leptin, leptin receptor, high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA) were assessed from fasting blood samples. The modified inflammatory score (IS) was calculated using the population-specific z-scores and formula (z hs-CRP + z leptin + z IL-6 + z TNF-α + z GlycA)-z leptin receptor-z HMW-adiponectin. The data were analyzed using linear regression analyses. RESULTS Higher Wmax /kg of body mass (β = -0.416, 95% CI = -0.514 to -0.318), higher number of completed sit-ups (β = -0.147, 95% CI = -0.244 to -0.049), a longer distance jumped in the standing long jump test (β = -0.270, 95% CI = -0.371 to -0.169), and a shorter time in the 50-meter shuttle run test (β = 0.123, 95% CI = 0.022 to 0.223) were associated with lower IS. None of these associations remained statistically significant after adjustment for BF%. CONCLUSIONS Higher physical fitness is associated with a more favorable inflammatory biomarker profile in children. However, the associations were explained by BF%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eero A Haapala
- Sports & Exercise Medicine, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Emmi Kuronen
- Sports & Exercise Medicine, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna K Ihalainen
- Sports & Exercise Medicine, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Niina Lintu
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marja H Leppänen
- Sports & Exercise Medicine, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomo Tompuri
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mustafa Atalay
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
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A genetic correlation and bivariate genome-wide association study of grip strength and depression. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278392. [PMID: 36520780 PMCID: PMC9754196 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Grip strength is an important biomarker reflecting muscle strength, and depression is a psychiatric disorder all over the world. Several studies found a significant inverse association between grip strength and depression, and there is also evidence for common physiological mechanisms between them. We used twin data from Qingdao, China to calculate genetic correlations, and we performed a bivariate GWAS to explore potential SNPs, genes, and pathways in common between grip strength and depression. 139 pairs of Dizygotic twins were used for bivariate GWAS. VEAGSE2 and PASCAL software were used for gene-based analysis and pathway enrichment analysis, respectively. And the resulting SNPs were subjected to eQTL analysis and pleiotropy analysis. The genetic correlation coefficient between grip strength and depression was -0.41 (-0.96, -0.15). In SNP-based analysis, 7 SNPs exceeded the genome-wide significance level (P<5×10-8) and a total of 336 SNPs reached the level of suggestive significance (P<1×10-5). Gene-based analysis and pathway-based analysis identified genes and pathways related to muscle strength and the nervous system. The results of eQTL analysis were mainly enriched in tissues such as the brain, thyroid, and skeletal muscle. Pleiotropy analysis shows that 9 of the 15 top SNPs were associated with both grip strength and depression. In conclusion, this bivariate GWAS identified potentially common pleiotropic SNPs, genes, and pathways in grip strength and depression.
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López-Gil JF, García-Hermoso A, Smith L, Trott M, López-Bueno R, Gutiérrez-Espinoza H, Mesas AE, Tárraga-López PJ. Physical fitness and disordered eating among adolescents: Results from the EHDLA study. Appetite 2022; 178:106272. [PMID: 35964793 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the association between a comprehensive spectrum of physical fitness components and disordered eating symptoms in a sample of Spanish adolescents. This cross-sectional study analysed a representative sample of 741 adolescents (55.1% girls) from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study (Valle de Ricote, Region of Murcia, Spain). Objective physical fitness (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness, upper body strength, lower body strength, speed-agility, and flexibility) was assesed by the ALPHA-FIT Test Battery for a young population. Disordered eating symptoms were assessed with the Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food (SCOFF) questionnaire. An incremental inverse association was found in participants with low cardiorespiratory fitness (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.56-3.50), low handgrip strength (OR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.33-2.97), low lower body strength (OR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.28-2.86), low speed-agility (OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.17-2.62), and low global physical fitness (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.37-3.01) and disordered eating symptoms, compared to participants with a high level of each of these physical fitness components. Our study provides evidence that, in Spanish adolescents, disordered eating symptoms are inversely associated with a comprehensive set of physical fitness components. Hence, it could be relevant to promote physical fitness, e.g., by a multifactorial approach, since it seems to be related to lower disordered eating symptoms in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Trott
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain; Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Pedro Juan Tárraga-López
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Albacete, Spain
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Gil-Cosano JJ, Gracia-Marco L, Ubago-Guisado E, Migueles JH, Courteix D, Labayen I, Plaza-Florido A, Molina-García P, Dutheil F, Ortega FB. Leptin levels were negatively associated with lumbar spine bone mineral content in children with overweight or obesity. Acta Paediatr 2022; 111:1966-1973. [PMID: 35708516 PMCID: PMC9543891 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Adipokines seem to play a role in bone morphogenesis, although this also depends on the mechanical forces applied to the skeleton. The aim was to assess the relationships of resting leptin and adiponectin with bone parameters and whether high muscular fitness levels affect these relationships in children with overweight or obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study took part from 2014 to 2016 in Granada, Spain. Participants were recruited from University Hospitals, and we also used advertisements in local media and school contacts in the city. Adipokines were analysed in plasma. Muscular fitness was assessed by 1 repetition maximum in bench and leg press tests. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone parameters. RESULTS We included 84 children (10.0±1.2y; 63% boys) in this analysis. Leptin was negatively associated with lumbar spine bone mineral content (β=-0.162, p=0.053). No significant interaction was found for muscular fitness. Simple slope estimates suggested that children performing more than 133.3kg in leg press test ameliorated the negative association between leptin and lumbar spine bone mineral content. CONCLUSION Leptin levels were negatively associated with lumbar spine bone mineral content in children with overweight or obesity. A high muscular fitness at the lower body could counteract this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J Gil-Cosano
- PROFITH Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Isabel I University, Burgos, Spain
| | - Luis Gracia-Marco
- PROFITH Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Ubago-Guisado
- PROFITH Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.,Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain.,Epidemiology and Control of Chronic Diseases, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jairo H Migueles
- PROFITH Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, ISFOOD, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadia Pamplona, Spain
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- PROFITH Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Molina-García
- PROFITH Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute, ibs.Granada, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS, LaPSCo Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- PROFITH Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Dumić J, Cvetko A, Abramović I, Šupraha Goreta S, Perović A, Njire Bratičević M, Kifer D, Sinčić N, Gornik O, Žarak M. Changes in Specific Biomarkers Indicate Cardiac Adaptive and Anti-inflammatory Response of Repeated Recreational SCUBA Diving. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:855682. [PMID: 35360010 PMCID: PMC8964121 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.855682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveRecreational SCUBA (rSCUBA) diving has become a highly popular and widespread sport. Yet, information on molecular events underlying (patho)physiological events that follow exposure to the specific environmental conditions (hyperbaric conditions, coldness, immersion, and elevated breathing pressure), in which rSCUBA diving is performed, remain largely unknown. Our previous study suggested that repeated rSCUBA diving triggers an adaptive response of cardiovascular and immune system. To elucidate further molecular events underlying cardiac and immune system adaptation and to exclude possible adverse effects we measured blood levels of specific cardiac and inflammation markers.MethodsThis longitudinal intervention study included fourteen recreational divers who performed five dives, one per week, on the depth 20–30 m that lasted 30 min, after the non-dive period of 5 months. Blood samples were taken immediately before and after the first, third, and fifth dives. Copeptin, immunoglobulins A, G and M, complement components C3 and C4, and differential blood count parameters, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were determined using standard laboratory methods. Cell-free DNA was measured by qPCR analysis and N-glycans released from IgG and total plasma proteins (TPP), were analyzed by hydrophilic interaction ultra-performance liquid chromatography.ResultsCopeptin level increased after the first dive but decreased after the third and fifth dive. Increases in immunoglobulins level after every dive and during whole studied period were observed, but no changes in C3, C4, and cfDNA level were detected. NLR increased only after the first dive. IgG and TPP N-glycosylation alterations toward anti-inflammatory status over whole studied period were manifested as an increase in monogalyctosylated and core-fucosylated IgG N-glycans and decrease in agalactosylated TPP N-glycans.ConclusionrSCUBA diving practiced on a regular basis promotes anti-inflammatory status thus contributing cardioprotection and conferring multiple health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerka Dumić
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Cvetko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Irena Abramović
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Šupraha Goreta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonija Perović
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Dubrovnik General Hospital, Dubrovnik, Croatia
| | | | - Domagoj Kifer
- Department of Biophysics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nino Sinčić
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Olga Gornik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Žarak
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
- *Correspondence: Marko Žarak,
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de Lima TR, Martins PC, Moreno YMF, Chaput JP, Tremblay MS, Sui X, Silva DAS. Muscular Fitness and Cardiometabolic Variables in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2022; 52:1555-1575. [PMID: 35020179 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of muscular fitness (MF) in the performance of activities of daily living is unequivocal. Additionally, emerging evidence has shown MF can reduce cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine and summarize the evidence regarding the relationship between MF phenotypes (i.e., maximum muscular strength/power, muscular endurance, and maximum muscular strength/power/endurance) and cardiometabolic variables (obesity, blood pressure, lipids, glucose homeostasis, inflammatory markers, and clustered cardiometabolic variables) in children and adolescents. DESIGN This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42020179273. DATA SOURCES A systematic review was performed on five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge) from database inception to May 2020, with complementary searches in reference lists. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Eligibility criteria included (1) a study sample of youth aged ≤ 19 years, (2) an assessment of MF with individual or clustered cardiometabolic variables derived from adjusted models (regardless of test/measurement adopted or direction of reported association), and (3) a report of the association between both, using observational studies. Only original articles published in peer-reviewed journals in English, Portuguese, and Spanish languages were considered. The quality of the included studies was assessed by using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute checklist. The percentage of results reporting a statistically significant inverse association between each MF phenotype and cardiometabolic variables was calculated. RESULTS Of the 23,686 articles initially identified, 96 were included (77 cross-sectional and 19 longitudinal), with data from children and adolescents from 35 countries. The score for the quality of evidence ranged from 0.33 to 0.92 (1.00 maximum). MF assessed by maximum muscular strength/power was inversely associated with lower obesity (64/113 total results (56.6%)) and reduction in clustered cardiometabolic risk (28/48 total results (58.3%)). When assessed by muscular endurance, an inverse association with obesity (30/44 total results (68.1%)) and cardiometabolic risk (5/8 total results (62.5%)) was identified. Most of the results for the relationship between MF phenotypes with blood pressure, lipids, glucose homeostasis, and inflammatory markers indicated a paucity of evidence for these interrelationships (percentage of results below 50.0%). CONCLUSION MF assessed by maximum muscular strength/power or muscular endurance is potentially associated with lower obesity and lower risk related to clustered cardiometabolic variables in children and adolescents. There is limited support for an inverse association between MF with blood pressure, lipids, glucose homeostasis biomarkers, and inflammatory markers in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues de Lima
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88010-970, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Custódio Martins
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88010-970, Brazil
| | - Yara Maria Franco Moreno
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark Stephen Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Xuemei Sui
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88010-970, Brazil
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9
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de Lima TR, Sui X, de Lima LRA, Silva DAS. Muscle strength and its association with cardiometabolic variables in adolescents: does the expression of muscle strength values matter? World J Pediatr 2021; 17:597-608. [PMID: 34533773 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-021-00460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigate the association between different muscle strength (MS) indices with cardiometabolic variables in adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study comprising 351 adolescents (male 44.4%, age 16.6 ± 1.0 years) from Brazil. MS was assessed by handgrip strength and analyzed in five different ways: absolute MS and MS normalized for body weight, body mass index (BMI), height, and fat mass, respectively. Cardiometabolic variables investigated as outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist circumference (WC), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), lipid and glucose metabolism markers. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for confounding factors were used. RESULTS Absolute MS and/or MS normalized for height was directly associated with WC [up to 32.8 cm, standard error (SE) = 4.7] and DBP (up to 8.8 mmHg, SE = 0.8), and inversely associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (up to -8.0 mg/dL, SE = 14.1). MS normalized for body weight, BMI or fat mass was inversely associated with WC (up to -17.5 cm, SE = 2.2). According to sex, MS normalized for fat mass was inversely associated with triglycerides (male: 0.02 times lower, SE = 0.01; female: 0.05 times lower, SE = 0.01) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (male: 0.02 times lower, SE = 0.01; female: 0.06 times lower, SE = 0.01), and inversely associated with hs-CRP only among male (0.03 times lower, SE = 0.01). CONCLUSION When normalized for body weight, BMI or fat mass, MS was superior to absolute MS or MS normalized for height in representing adequately cardiometabolic variables among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues de Lima
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trinity University Campus, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88010-970, Brazil.
| | - Xuemei Sui
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Luiz Rodrigo Augustemak de Lima
- Research Group On Biodynamics of Human Performance and Health, Institute of Physical Education and Sport, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trinity University Campus, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88010-970, Brazil
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10
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Cao J, Zhao F, Ren Z. Association Between Changes in Muscle Strength and Risk of Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Female College Students: A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:616750. [PMID: 33898372 PMCID: PMC8060500 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.616750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle strength can be a predictor of depressive symptoms among the elderly. We conducted a prospective study aiming to examine the association between change of handgrip strength and the incidence risk of depressive symptoms among Chinese female college students. Handgrip strength was used as a representative indicator of skeletal muscle strength, and a handheld digital smedley dynamometer was applied to measure handgrip strength. We also used the 20-item Zung self-rating depression scale to evaluate depressive status, and a score of ≥50 indicated moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms. During a 1-year follow-up period, the incidence of depressive symptoms is 10.7%. Multivariate logistic regressions analysis revealed that the multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of depressive symptoms for the categories of handgrip strength change was 1.00 (reference) for group 1, 0.57 (0.28, 1.19) for group 2, 0.41 (0.19, 0.89) for group 3 and 0.33 (0.11, 0.99) for group 4 (p = 0.018). This study indicated that change of handgrip strength level over one-year period is negatively associated with risk of depressive symptoms among Chinese female college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Cao
- School of Physical Education and Health, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- School of Physical Education and Health, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhongyu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Motor Function Monitoring, College of Physical Education, General Administration of Sport of China, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Brand C, Gaya ACA, Dias AF, Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Farinha JB, Macedo RCO, Mota J, de Oliveira AR, Gaya AR. The role of adiposity in the relationship between physical fitness with cardiometabolic risk factors, adipocytokines and inflammation in children. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Angel TSM, Jorge ML, David SO, Mikel VS, Antonio SMP. Mediating effect of fitness and fatness on the association between lifestyle and body dissatisfaction in Spanish youth. Physiol Behav 2021; 232:113340. [PMID: 33508313 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have identified sedentary behaviour, physical activity and eating habits as variables that define a healthy lifestyle. The aims of this investigation were to determine the association between lifestyle and body dissatisfaction, as well as to test the mediating effect of fatness and fitness in this relationship in adolescents. METHODS The sample comprised 2216 adolescents aged 13.1 ± 0.90 years, of whom 980 were girls (age 13.1 ± 0.86) and 1236 were boys (age 13.1 ± 0.92). Body composition was measured by body mass index, neck circumference, waist to height ratio and body fat percentage, whereas physical activity, sedentary time, body dissatisfaction and eating habits were self-reported. Physical fitness was evaluated through the ALPHA-Fitness Battery. RESULTS The results showed that lifestyle was negatively related with body dissatisfaction. Moreover, physical fitness (β = -0.062; SE = 0.022; 95% IC [-0.106, -0.017]) and fatness (β = -0.052; SE = 0.011; 95% IC [-0.075, -0.032]) showed a significant mediation effect on the relationship between lifestyle and body dissatisfaction. The bootstrapped confidence intervals for the indirect effect were statistically significant, suggesting the mediation effect of fatness (percentage of the total effect of 51.0%) and fitness (percentage of the total effect of 21.3%) on the relationship between healthy lifestyle and body dissatisfaction. CONCLUSION The study suggests that adolescents with a healthy lifestyle may have less body dissatisfaction. Fatness and physical fitness can positively affect this relationship, decreasing young people's body dissatisfaction. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of a healthy lifestyle on physical and psychological health in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapia-Serrano Miguel Angel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training. University of Extremadura, Avenida Universidad, S/N, 10071. Cáceres Spain.
| | - Molina-López Jorge
- Departament of Integrated Didactics. Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Science. University of Huelva, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas, S/N, 21007. Huelva Spain
| | - Sánchez-Oliva David
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Sports Sciences. University of Extremadura, Avenida Universidad, S/N, 10071. Cáceres Spain
| | - Vaquero-Solís Mikel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training. University of Extremadura, Avenida Universidad, S/N, 10071. Cáceres Spain
| | - Sánchez-Miguel Pedro Antonio
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training. University of Extremadura, Avenida Universidad, S/N, 10071. Cáceres Spain
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López-Gil JF, Brazo-Sayavera J, de Campos W, Yuste Lucas JL. Meeting the Physical Activity Recommendations and Its Relationship with Obesity-Related Parameters, Physical Fitness, Screen Time, and Mediterranean Diet in Schoolchildren. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7120263. [PMID: 33260557 PMCID: PMC7761332 DOI: 10.3390/children7120263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The up-to-date scientific evidence suggests that adequate levels of physical activity provide essential health benefits for children and adolescents and help to maintain a healthy body weight. In this sense, children and adolescents should at least accumulate 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in a daily basis to achieve these benefits and be considered active. Likewise, some lifestyle-related elements may interact with each other in an antagonistic or synergistic way to modify physical activity status. Thus, a better understanding of how meeting physical activity recommendations influences these potentially modifiable lifestyle factors (obesity-related parameters, physical fitness, dietary habits, or sedentary behaviour) would significantly reinforce the importance of complying with those recommendations from a health perspective and support the establishment of strategies for the promotion of diminishing the lower trends of physical activity among the young population. This study seeks to verify the association of meeting physical activity international recommendations with obesity-related parameters, global physical fitness, screen time, and Mediterranean diet in Spanish schoolchildren aged 8 to 13. A cross-sectional study was performed including 250 schoolchildren (41.2% girls) aged 8-13 (9.7 ± 1.2) from six primary schools in the Region of Murcia (Spain). Results: A higher proportion of children who complying with physical activity recommendations shows normal weight, no abdominal obesity, and low adiposity in comparison to other with different obesity-related parameters categories. Higher values in global physical fitness score were found in those who meet the physical activity international recommendations in both sexes. These higher values were also shown for adherence to the Mediterranean diet in both sexes; not being so in the case of screen time. Notwithstanding, none of these mean differences were statistically significant. To conclude, the proportion of schoolchildren meeting the physical activity recommendations in our study is low. A higher proportion of children who meet with physical activity recommendations present normal weight, no abdominal obesity and low adiposity in comparison to other obesity-related parameters categories in both sexes. Likewise, those considered as active children seem to have higher global physical fitness score and adherence to the Mediterranean diet than children who do not meet the recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco López-Gil
- Departamento de Actividad Física y Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Murcia (UM), 30720 San Javier, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Polo de Desarrollo Universitario EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), 40000 Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Wagner de Campos
- Centro de Estudos em Atividade Física e Saúde CEAFS, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil;
| | - Juan Luis Yuste Lucas
- Departamento de Expresión Plástica, Musical y Dinámica, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Espinardo, Spain;
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Effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise on the Complement System of Proteins in Healthy Young Males. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082357. [PMID: 32717972 PMCID: PMC7464301 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at examining the impact of common types of physical efforts used to determine the aerobic and anaerobic performance of the participants on the complement system in their peripheral blood. Fifty-one physically active young males aged 16 years old (range 15–21 years) were divided into two age groups (younger, 15–17 years old and older, 18–21 years old) and performed two types of intensive efforts: aerobic (endurance; 20-m shuttle run test; Beep) and anaerobic (speed; repeated speed ability test; RSA). Venous blood samples were collected before and after each exercise (5 and 60 min) to profile the complement system components, namely the levels of C2, C3, C3a, iC3b, and C4. The endurance effort caused a decrease in the post-test C3 (p < 0.001 for both age groups) and increase in post-test C3a (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 for the younger and older group, respectively), recovery iC3b (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 for younger and older group, respectively), recovery C2 (p < 0.01 for both age groups), and post-test C4 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 for the younger and older group, respectively) levels, while the speed effort caused a decrease only in the post-test C2 (p < 0.05 for younger participants) and post-test C4 levels (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 for the younger and older group, respectively) and an increase in the recovery C3a level (p < 0.05). Our study provides evidence that different types of physical effort promote different immune responses in physically active young men. Aerobic exercise induced the activation of an alternative pathway of the complement system, whilst the anaerobic effort had little influence. A better understanding of the post-exercise immune response provides a framework to prescribe physical activity to achieve different health outcomes.
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Association between phase angle and isolated and grouped physical fitness indicators in adolescents. Physiol Behav 2020; 217:112825. [PMID: 31991158 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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