1
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Yang W, Guo G, Sun C. Therapeutic potential of rifaximin in liver diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117283. [PMID: 39126775 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Rifaximin, derived from rifamycin, is a broad-spectrum antibiotic by inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis. Rifaximin has a very low intestinal absorption and exerts its antimicrobial activity primarily in the intestinal tract. It regulates the gut microbiota with limited side effects systemically. Rifaximin has been recommended for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy but some studies shed light on its medicinal effects in many other diseases. For instance, rifaximin may suppress the progression of liver fibrosis and its related complications, and ameliorate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and alcohol-associated liver disease, etc. Rifaximin can also mediate anti-inflammation, antiproliferation, and proapoptotic events by activating pregnane X receptor, which is efficious in cancers such as colon cancer. In addition, some investigations have shown rifaximin may play a therapeutic role in various autoimmune and neurological disorders. However, these findings still need more real-world practices and in-depth investigations to obtain more precise indications and fully elucidate the multifaceted potentials of rifaximin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, East Street 6, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Gaoyue Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, East Street 6, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, East Street 6, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China.
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2
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Prakash P, Verma S, Gupta S. Influence of microbiome in intraprostatic inflammation and prostate cancer. Prostate 2024. [PMID: 38899408 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infection and inflammation have been linked to the development of prostate cancer. Dysbiosis of the oral and gut microbiomes and subsequent microbial translocation can lead to pathogenic prostate infections. Microbial-produced metabolites have also been associated with signaling pathways that promote prostate cancer development. A comprehensive discussion on the mechanisms of microbiome infection and the prostate microenvironment is essential to understand prostate carcinogenesis. METHODS Published studies were used from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database to conduct a narrative review. No restrictions were applied in the selection of articles. RESULTS Microbiome-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been found to upregulate multiple signaling pathways, including MAPK and PI3K, through IGF-1 signaling and M2 macrophage polarization. SCFAs can also upregulate Toll-like receptors, leading to chronic inflammation and the creation of a pro-prostate cancer environment. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota has been correlated with prostate infection and inflammation. Additionally, pathogenic microbiomes associated with urinary tract infections have shown a link to prostate cancer, with vesicoureteral reflux potentially contributing to prostate infection. CONCLUSIONS This review offers a comprehensive understanding of the impact of microbial infections linked to intraprostatic inflammation as a causative factor for prostate cancer. Further studies involving the manipulation of the microbiome and its produced metabolites may provide a more complete understanding of the microenvironmental mechanisms that promote prostate carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Prakash
- College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Shiv Verma
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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3
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Bovo A, Kwiatkowski M, Manka L, Wetterauer C, Fux CA, Cattaneo M, Wyler SF, Prause L. Comparison of ciprofloxacin versus fosfomycin versus fosfomycin plus trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for preventing infections after transrectal prostate biopsy. World J Urol 2024; 42:356. [PMID: 38806739 PMCID: PMC11133158 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-024-05048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate antibiotic prophylaxis in transrectal prostate biopsies due to the recommendation of the European Medicines Agency (EMA): We describe our single center experience switching from ciprofloxacin to fosfomycin trometamol (FMT) alone and to an augmented prophylaxis combining fosfomycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). METHODS Between 01/2019 and 12/2020 we compared three different regimes. The primary endpoint was the clinical diagnosis of an infection within 4 weeks after biopsy. We enrolled 822 men, 398 (48%) of whom received ciprofloxacin (group-C), 136 (16.5%) received FMT (group-F) and 288 (35%) received the combination of TMP/SMX and FMT (group-BF). RESULTS Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. In total 37/398 (5%) postinterventional infections were detected, of which 13/398 (3%) vs 18/136 (13.2%) vs 6/288 (2.1%) were detected in group-C, group-F and group-BF respectively. The relative risk of infectious complication was 1.3 (CI 0.7-2.6) for group-C vs. group-BF and 2.8 (CI 1.4-5.7) for group-F vs. group-BF respectively. CONCLUSION The replacement of ciprofloxacin by fosfomycin alone resulted in a significant increase of postinterventional infections, while the combination of FMT and TMP/SMX had a comparable infection rate to FQ without apparent adverse events. Therefore, this combined regimen of FMT and TMP/SMX is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bovo
- Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001, Aarau, Switzerland.
| | - Maciej Kwiatkowski
- Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001, Aarau, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Academic Hospital Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Lukas Manka
- Department of Urology, Academic Hospital Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian Wetterauer
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, 3500, Krems, Austria
| | - Christoph Andreas Fux
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Marco Cattaneo
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephen F Wyler
- Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001, Aarau, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Prause
- Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001, Aarau, Switzerland
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Capuozzo M, Santorsola M, Ianniello M, Ferrara F, Zovi A, Petrillo N, Castiello R, Fantuz MR, Ottaiano A, Savarese G. Innovative Drug Modalities for the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer. Diseases 2024; 12:87. [PMID: 38785742 PMCID: PMC11119780 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12050087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer, a prevalent malignancy affecting the prostate gland, is a significant global health concern. Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) has proven effective in controlling advanced disease, with over 50% of patients surviving at the 10-year mark. However, a diverse spectrum of responses exists, and resistance to ADT may emerge over time. This underscores the need to explore innovative treatment strategies for effectively managing prostate cancer progression. Ongoing research endeavors persist in unraveling the complexity of prostate cancer and fostering the development of biologic and innovative approaches, including immunotherapies and targeted therapies. This review aims to provide a valuable synthesis of the dynamic landscape of emerging drug modalities in this context. Interestingly, the complexities posed by prostate cancer not only present a formidable challenge but also serve as a model and an opportunity for translational research and innovative therapies in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Capuozzo
- Coordinamento Farmaceutico, ASL-Naples-3, 80056 Ercolano, Italy; (M.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Monica Ianniello
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (N.P.); (R.C.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Francesco Ferrara
- Coordinamento Farmaceutico, ASL-Naples-3, 80056 Ercolano, Italy; (M.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Andrea Zovi
- Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nadia Petrillo
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (N.P.); (R.C.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Rosa Castiello
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (N.P.); (R.C.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Fantuz
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (N.P.); (R.C.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Savarese
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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5
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Romano L, Napolitano L, Crocetto F, Sciorio C, Sio MD, Miranda A, Romano M, Priadko K. Prostate and gut: Any relationship? A narrative review on the available evidence and putative mechanisms. Prostate 2024; 84:513-524. [PMID: 38353479 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiome is a community of microorganisms that lives in the human intestine and exerts various functions on the host, including metabolic, immunoregulatory, and control over cell proliferation. Gut microbiome alterations have been associated with various pathological conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Gut-prostate axis is explained by the association between gut microbiome quantitative and functional alterations along with increased intestinal epithelial permeability with prostatediseases. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical importance of this association are not completely clarified yet. METHODS We conducted a narrative review of the most relevant articles in the Medline (US National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA), Scopus (Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) and Web of Science Core Collection (Thomson Reuters, Toronto, ON, Canada) databases. No chronological restrictions were applied, and the most related papers published until December 2023 were included. RESULTS Gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites are capable of modifying host androgen level, as well as prostate cancer (PCa) therapy response. Moreover, patients with inflammatory bowel disease have higher rates of prostatitis-like symptoms and a potential risk of developing PCa. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence that interventions on the GM and its metabolites have a high potential to serve as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for prostate diseases, including PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Romano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology and Urology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Unit of Urology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology and Urology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology and Urology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Marco De Sio
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Unit of Urology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Agnese Miranda
- Department of Precision Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology Unit, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Romano
- Department of Precision Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology Unit, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Kateryna Priadko
- Department of Precision Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology Unit, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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6
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Lachance G, Robitaille K, Laaraj J, Gevariya N, Varin TV, Feldiorean A, Gaignier F, Julien IB, Xu HW, Hallal T, Pelletier JF, Bouslama S, Boufaied N, Derome N, Bergeron A, Ellis L, Piccirillo CA, Raymond F, Fradet Y, Labbé DP, Marette A, Fradet V. The gut microbiome-prostate cancer crosstalk is modulated by dietary polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3431. [PMID: 38654015 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45332-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota modulates response to hormonal treatments in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, but whether it influences PCa progression remains unknown. Here, we show a reduction in fecal microbiota alpha-diversity correlating with increase tumour burden in two distinct groups of hormonotherapy naïve PCa patients and three murine PCa models. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from patients with high PCa volume is sufficient to stimulate the growth of mouse PCa revealing the existence of a gut microbiome-cancer crosstalk. Analysis of gut microbial-related pathways in mice with aggressive PCa identifies three enzymes responsible for the metabolism of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA). Supplementation with LCFA omega-3 MAG-EPA is sufficient to reduce PCa growth in mice and cancer up-grading in pre-prostatectomy PCa patients correlating with a reduction of gut Ruminococcaceae in both and fecal butyrate levels in PCa patients. This suggests that the beneficial effect of omega-3 rich diet is mediated in part by modulating the crosstalk between gut microbes and their metabolites in men with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Lachance
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'IUCPQ, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jalal Laaraj
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nikunj Gevariya
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Andrei Feldiorean
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fanny Gaignier
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Bourdeau Julien
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Hui Wen Xu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Tarek Hallal
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Pelletier
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sidki Bouslama
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nadia Boufaied
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Derome
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Bergeron
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ciriaco A Piccirillo
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Raymond
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - David P Labbé
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Vincent Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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7
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Ward Grados DF, Ergun O, Miller CD, Gaburak P, Frimpong NA, Shittu O, Warlick CA. Prostate Tissue Microbiome in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1549. [PMID: 38672631 PMCID: PMC11048594 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Some researchers have speculated that the prostatic microbiome is involved in the development of prostate cancer (PCa) but there is no consensus on certain microbiota in the prostatic tissue of PCa vs. healthy controls. This systematic review aims to investigate and compare the microbiome of PCa and healthy tissue to determine the microbial association with the pathogenesis of PCa. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases. Articles were screened by two independent and blinded reviewers. Literature that compared the prostatic tissue microbiome of patients with PCa with benign controls was included. We found that PCa may be associated with increased Propionibacterium acnes, the herpesviridae and papillomaviridae families, and Mycoplasma genitalium, but definitive conclusions cannot be drawn from the existing data. Challenges include the difficulty of obtaining uncontaminated tissue samples and securing tissue from healthy controls. As a result, methods are varied with many studies using cancerous and "healthy" tissue from the same prostate. The organisms chosen for each study were also highly variable, making it difficult to compare studies. These issues have led to lower confidence in our results. Overall, further work is warranted to better understand the implications of the prostatic microbiome in the pathogenesis of PCa.
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8
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Li J, Li Y, Zhou L, Li C, Liu J, Liu D, Fu Y, Wang Y, Tang J, Zhou L, Tan S, Wang L. The human microbiome and benign prostatic hyperplasia: Current understandings and clinical implications. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127596. [PMID: 38215640 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The research of the human microbiome in the preceding decade has yielded novel perspectives on human health and diseases. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly males, which negatively affects the life quality. Existing evidence has indicated that the human microbiome, including urinary, intra-prostate, gut, oral and blood microbiome may exert a significant impact on the natural progression of BPH. The dysbiosis of the microbiome may induce inflammation at either a local or systemic level, thereby affecting the BPH. Moreover, metabolic syndrome (MetS) caused by the microbiome can also be involved in the development of BPH. Additionally, alterations in the microbiome composition during the senility process may serve as another cause of the BPH. Here, we summarize the influence of human microbiome on BPH and explore how the microbiome is linked to BPH through inflammation, MetS, and senility. In addition, we propose promising areas of investigation and discuss the implications for advancing therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaren Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Youyou Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Dingwen Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yunlong Fu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yichuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shuo Tan
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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9
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Wang Z, Mao Q, Yuan Y, Wang C, Wei H. Shuangshi Tonglin Capsule treats benign prostatic hyperplasia through the ROS/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:1259-1271. [PMID: 38036804 PMCID: PMC10923981 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03874-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of the SSTL on BPH and clarify the therapeutic mechanisms. METHODS Animal model of BPH was established by castration and subcutaneous injection of TP into SD rats; rats were orally administered SSTL for 28 days while modeling. Detection of PI, LI and RI in rats, to observe histopathological changes and collagen deposition in the prostate tissue. Detects levels of sex hormones and inflammatory factors in serum and tissues of rats, the test kit detects levels of lipid peroxides and antioxidants in serum and tissues. Fluorescent staining analysis of tissue ROS; the expression of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles was observed by immunohistochemistry; Western blotting detected the expression of NOX4, NOX2, NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles, ASC, Cleaved Caspase-1, Caspase-1, IL-1β. RESULTS After SSTL capsule treatment, the PI and RI of the rats decrease. HE and Masson staining showed that SSTL ameliorated the pathological damage and reduced collagen deposition in the prostate tissue of BPH rats; ELISA results showed that SSTL was able to reduce T, DHT, TNF-α, IL-1β levels in BPH rats. The test kit showed that SSTL made the levels of MDA, CAT and GSH-Px in the serum and prostate tissue of rats and increased the activity of SOD. The results of ROS fluorescence showed that the ROS level was reduced in SSTL group; Western blotting showed that SSTL could cause down-regulation of NOX4, NOX2, NLRP3, ASC, Cleaved Caspase-1, IL-1β protein expression. CONCLUSION SSTL can reduce the PI and RI in BPH rats, it can also inhibit the level of sex hormones and inflammatory factors in BPH rats, which thereby reducing the histopathological damage of prostate gland in BPH rats, and can treat BPH in rats through ROS/NLRP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi, China.
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10
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Huang H, Liu Y, Wen Z, Chen C, Wang C, Li H, Yang X. Gut microbiota in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:261. [PMID: 38402385 PMCID: PMC10893726 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota are closely related to prostate cancer. This study aims to assess the gut microbiota composition in patients with prostate cancer compared to healthy participants, thereby advancing understanding of gut microbiota's role in prostate cancer. METHODS A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and pertinent data were analyzed. The kappa score assessed interrater agreement. RESULTS This study encompassed seven research papers, involving 250 prostate cancer patients and 192 controls. The kappa was 0.93. Meta-analysis results showed that alpha-diversity of gut microbiota in prostate cancer patients was significantly lower than in the control group. In terms of gut microbiota abundance, the ratio of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Clostridia, Bacteroidales, Clostridiales, Prevotellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotella, Escherichia-Shigella, Faecalibacterium, and Bacteroides was higher in prostate cancer patients. Conversely, the abundance ratio of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Selenomonadales, Veillonella, and Megasphaera was higher in the control group. CONCLUSION Our study reveals differences in alpha-diversity and abundance of gut microbiota between patients with prostate cancer and controls, indicating gut microbiota dysbiosis in those with prostate cancer. However, given the limited quality and quantity of selected studies, further research is necessary to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Huang
- Department of Urology, Afliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, Afliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zhi Wen
- Department of Urology, Afliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Caixia Chen
- Department of Urology, Afliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Urology, Afliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Department of Urology, Afliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Department of Urology, Afliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
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11
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Pescatori M. Evaluating occult causes of disease: the tricompartmental PNEI approach and the importance of the microbiome. Tech Coloproctol 2024; 28:36. [PMID: 38381266 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M Pescatori
- Unità di Colonproctologia, Clinica Parioli, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Liu X, Dong Q. Associations between gut microbiota and three prostate diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4019. [PMID: 38369514 PMCID: PMC10874943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
According to previous observational researches and clinical trials, the gut microbiota is related to prostate diseases. However, the potential association between gut microbiota and prostate disorders is still uncertain. We first identified groups of gut microbiota based on the phylum, class, order, family, and genus levels from consortium MiBioGen. And we acquired prostate diseases statistics from the FINNGEN study and PRACTICAL consortium. Next, two-sample Mendelian randomization was used to investigate the potential associations between three prevalent prostate disease and gut microbiota. In addition, we performed a reverse MR analysis and Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) test for further research. We investigated the connection between 196 gut microbiota and three prevalent prostate diseases. We identified 42 nominally significant associations and 2 robust causative links. Upon correction for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure, our analysis revealed a positive correlation between the risk of prostatitis and the presence of the taxonomic order Gastranaerophilales. Conversely, the risk of prostate cancer exhibited an inverse correlation with the presence of the taxonomic class Alphaproteobacteria. Our study revealed the potential association between gut microbiota and prostate diseases. The results may be useful in providing new insights for further mechanistic and clinical studies of prostate diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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13
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Shtossel O, Koren O, Shai I, Rinott E, Louzoun Y. Gut microbiome-metabolome interactions predict host condition. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:24. [PMID: 38336867 PMCID: PMC10858481 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of microbes on their human host is often mediated through changes in metabolite concentrations. As such, multiple tools have been proposed to predict metabolite concentrations from microbial taxa frequencies. Such tools typically fail to capture the dependence of the microbiome-metabolite relation on the environment. RESULTS We propose to treat the microbiome-metabolome relation as the equilibrium of a complex interaction and to relate the host condition to a latent representation of the interaction between the log concentration of the metabolome and the log frequencies of the microbiome. We develop LOCATE (Latent variables Of miCrobiome And meTabolites rElations), a machine learning tool to predict the metabolite concentration from the microbiome composition and produce a latent representation of the interaction. This representation is then used to predict the host condition. LOCATE's accuracy in predicting the metabolome is higher than all current predictors. The metabolite concentration prediction accuracy significantly decreases cross datasets, and cross conditions, especially in 16S data. LOCATE's latent representation predicts the host condition better than either the microbiome or the metabolome. This representation is strongly correlated with host demographics. A significant improvement in accuracy (0.793 vs. 0.724 average accuracy) is obtained even with a small number of metabolite samples ([Formula: see text]). CONCLUSION These results suggest that a latent representation of the microbiome-metabolome interaction leads to a better association with the host condition than any of the two separated or the simple combination of the two. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshrit Shtossel
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Omry Koren
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Iris Shai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ehud Rinott
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yoram Louzoun
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel.
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14
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Shen C, Chen Z, Zhang W, Chen X, Zheng B, Shi C. Preliminary study of the effect of gut microbiota on the development of prostatitis. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:35. [PMID: 38273299 PMCID: PMC10809527 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbacteriosis of intestinal tract may cause systemic inflammation, making distant anatomical locations more susceptible to illness. Recent research has demonstrated that the microbiome can affect both prostatitis and the inflammation of the prostate that is linked to prostate cancer. It is still unclear, though, whether this relationship indicates causation. We conducted a Mendelian randomization investigation on two samples to fully uncover gut microbiota's potential genetic causal role in prostatitis. METHOD Prostatitis (1859 prostatitis cases and 72,799 controls) was utilized as the outcome, while SNPs highly linked with 196 microbial taxa (18 340 people) were chosen as instrumental factors. Random effects, inverse variance weighting, weighted medians, and MR-Egger were used to analyze causal effects. The Cochran's Q test, funnel plot, leave-one-out analysis, and MR-Egger intercept test were all used in the sensitivity analysis. RESULTS A causal effect in lowering the incidence of prostatitis is anticipated for five gut microorganisms (Methanobacteria, Methanobacteriaceae, Erysipelatoclostridium, Parasutterella, and Slackia; P < 0.05). Four gut bacteria, including Faecalibacterium, LachnospiraceaeUCG004, Sutterella, and Gastranaerophilales, are predicted to play a causal role in increasing the risk of prostatitis (P < 0.05). There were no discernible estimates of pleiotropy or heterogeneity. CONCLUSION Our investigation established the genetic links between nine gut microorganisms and prostatitis, which may offer fresh perspectives and a theoretical framework for the future prevention and management of prostatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Xinfeng Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Chunmei Shi
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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15
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Kim SJ, Park M, Choi A, Yoo S. Microbiome and Prostate Cancer: Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Opportunities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:112. [PMID: 38256945 PMCID: PMC10819128 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This review systematically addresses the correlation between the microbiome and prostate cancer and explores its diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Recent research has indicated an association between the urinary and gut microbiome composition and prostate cancer incidence and progression. Specifically, the urinary microbiome is a potential non-invasive biomarker for early detection and risk evaluation, with altered microbial profiles in prostate cancer patients. This represents an advancement in non-invasive diagnostic approaches to prostate cancer. The role of the gut microbiome in the efficacy of various cancer therapies has recently gained attention. Gut microbiota variations can affect the metabolism and effectiveness of standard treatment modalities, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy. This review explores the potential of gut microbiome modification through dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation for improving the treatment response and mitigating adverse effects. Moreover, this review discusses the potential of microbiome profiling for patient stratification and personalized treatment strategies. While the current research identifies the pivotal role of the microbiome in prostate cancer, it also highlights the necessity for further investigations to fully understand these complex interactions and their practical applications in improving patient outcomes in prostate cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jin Kim
- Department of Urology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung 25440, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myungchan Park
- Department of Urology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ahnryul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjun Yoo
- Department of Urology, SNU-SMG Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
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16
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Nardelli C, Aveta A, Pandolfo SD, Tripodi L, Russo F, Imbimbo C, Castaldo G, Pastore L. Microbiome Profiling in Bladder Cancer Patients Using the First-morning Urine Sample. EUR UROL SUPPL 2024; 59:18-26. [PMID: 38298766 PMCID: PMC10829607 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies support the interplay between the urinary microbiome (ie, urobiome) and bladder cancer (BCa). Specific urinary bacteria may be responsible for chronic inflammation, which in turn promotes carcinogenesis. Different signatures of urobiome in BCa patients were identified depending on tumor type, geographical area, age, and sex. Objective We explored the urobiome in BCa patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), to identify possible predictive biomarkers of cancer. Design setting and participants The urobiome analysis was conducted in 48 patients (13 females) undergoing TURBT, of whom 30 with BCa (five females) and 18 with benign bladder tumor, analyzing bacterial 16S rRNA by next-generation sequencing in first-morning (FM) urine samples. Forty-three cancer-free individuals and 17 prostate cancer patients were used as controls. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis First, we identified the better urine collection procedure to perform the urobiome analysis, comparing bacterial composition between catheterized (CAT) and FM urine samples in TURBT patients. Successively, we observed a specific urobiome in BCa patients rather than controls. A combined pipeline including the DESeq2 and linear discriminant analysis effect size tests was used to identify differential urinary taxa, strictly associated with BCa patients. Results and limitations The bacterial composition of CAT and FM urine samples was comparable, so the latter was used for the following analyses. An increased abundance of Porphyromonas and Porphyromonas somerae was found in BCa patients compared with controls. This signature seems to be more related (p <0.05) to male BCa patients over 50 yr old. Owing to the low biomass of urinary microbiota, several samples were excluded from the study, reducing the number of BCa patients considered. Conclusions FM urine samples represent a manageable specimen for a urobiome analysis; P. somerae is a specific biomarker of BCa risk. Patient summary Our study showed an increased abundance of Porphyromonas and Porphyromonas somerae in male bladder cancer (BCa) patients, supporting the use of a first-morning urine sample, a less invasive and low-cost collection method, for the urobiome analysis of patients at risk of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Nardelli
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Achille Aveta
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive e Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Savio Domenico Pandolfo
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive e Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Urology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Lorella Tripodi
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo Russo
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Imbimbo
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive e Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldo
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Pastore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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17
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Wu R, Hu M, Zhang P. Predictive value of systematic immune-inflammation index combined with Ki-67 index on prognosis of prostate cancer patients after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. BMC Urol 2023; 23:210. [PMID: 38114926 PMCID: PMC10729478 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) presents a wide spectrum. Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and Ki-67 index are new biomarkers that can predict prognosis in different types of cancer. We explored the predictive value of their combination on the prognosis of PCa patients after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). METHODS In this retrospective study, 290 patients who underwent LRP at Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital between January 2016 and February 2021 were enrolled. They were divided into the good prognosis group (N = 235) and poor prognosis group (N = 55) based on the follow-up results. Both the baseline data and postoperative pathological results were collected. The Ki-67 index was determined using immunohistochemical kits, and the patients were allocated to the SII/Ki-67 index high/low expression groups according to the cut-off values to further analyze their relationship with clinical/pathological data of PCa patients. Logistics multivariate regression analysis was utilized to analyze the independent factors affecting post-LRP prognosis of CPa patients. ROC curve was plotted to assess the predictive value for post-LRP prognosis, and Kaplan-Meier curve/Log-rank were used for analysis. RESULTS Significant differences were found in PSA/Gleason score/T stage/lymph node metastasis/seminal vesicle invasion/neutrophils/lymphocytes/platelets/preoperative SII/Ki-67 index between the good/poor prognosis groups. Preoperative SII/Ki-67 were related to PSA/lymphocytes/platelets in PCa. Seminal vesicle invasion and preoperative SII + Ki-67 index were independent factors affecting post-LRP prognosis. Preoperative SII + Ki-67 index had a better predictive value than preoperative SII or Ki-67 index alone. Patients with high preoperative SII and Ki-67 index levels had an increased risk of poor prognosis after LRP. CONCLUSION Preoperative SII + Ki-67 index had a better predictive value for poor prognosis after LRP than SII or Ki-67 index alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxin Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, 86 Chongwen Road, Lishui, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Mingjin Hu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, 86 Chongwen Road, Lishui, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, 86 Chongwen Road, Lishui, Nanjing, 211200, China.
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18
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Pernigoni N, Guo C, Gallagher L, Yuan W, Colucci M, Troiani M, Liu L, Maraccani L, Guccini I, Migliorini D, de Bono J, Alimonti A. The potential role of the microbiota in prostate cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:706-718. [PMID: 37491512 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The human body hosts a complex and dynamic population of trillions of microorganisms - the microbiota - which influences the body in homeostasis and disease, including cancer. Several epidemiological studies have associated specific urinary and gut microbial species with increased risk of prostate cancer; however, causal mechanistic data remain elusive. Studies have associated bacterial generation of genotoxins with the occurrence of TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusions, a common, early oncogenic event during prostate carcinogenesis. A subsequent study demonstrated the role of the gut microbiota in prostate cancer endocrine resistance, which occurs, at least partially, through the generation of androgenic steroids fuelling oncogenic signalling via the androgen receptor. These studies present mechanistic evidence of how the host microbiota might be implicated in prostate carcinogenesis and tumour progression. Importantly, these findings also reveal potential avenues for the detection and treatment of prostate cancer through the profiling and modulation of the host microbiota. The latter could involve approaches such as the use of faecal microbiota transplantation, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics or antibiotics, which can be used independently or combined with existing treatments to reverse therapeutic resistance and improve clinical outcomes in patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Pernigoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Christina Guo
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Manuel Colucci
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martina Troiani
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Maraccani
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Guccini
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Denis Migliorini
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center Léman, Lausanne and Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- AGORA Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johann de Bono
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andrea Alimonti
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Xie Q, Hu B. Effects of gut microbiota on prostatic cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1250369. [PMID: 38029073 PMCID: PMC10659115 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1250369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Recent observational and small-sample case-control studies have shown a relationship between gut microbiota composition and prostatic cancer (PCa). Nevertheless, the causal association between gut microbiota and PCa is still unclear. Herein, we used the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to explore the potential causal relationship between gut microbiota and PCa. Methods In this two-sample MR study, data were extracted from the summary statistics of gut microbiota from the largest available genome-wide association study meta-analysis conducted by the MiBioGen consortium (n = 14,306) and the Dutch Microbiome Project (n = 8,208). Summary statistics for PCa were obtained from the FinnGen consortium release data (n = 95,213). Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, strength test (F), and MR-PRESSO were used to examine the potential causal association between gut microbiota and PCa. Cochran's Q statistics were used to quantify the heterogeneity of instrumental variables. Results IVW estimates suggested that the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (odds ratio [OR] = 0.7926, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6655-0.9440) and Bacteroides salyersiae (OR = 0.9023, 95% CI: 0.8262-0.9853) were negatively associated with the odds of PCa, while that of Eubacterium biforme (OR = 1.1629, 95% CI: 1.0110-1.3376) was positively associated with the odds of PCa. In addition, we explored these relationships among patients without other cancers and similarly found that the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides salyersiae, and Eubacterium biforme were linked to PCa (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Gut microbiota potentially influenced the occurrence of PCa. Our findings may provide some new ideas for researching the methods of PCa prevention. In addition, further studies are needed to explore the causal association and specific underlying mechanisms between gut microbiota and PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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20
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Cheng K, Jia Q, Batbatan C, Guo Z, Cheng F. TRPM2-L Participates in the Interleukin-6 Pathway to Enhance Tumor Growth in Prostate Cancer by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:495-511. [PMID: 37906101 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) can promote cell proliferation in prostate cancer (PCa). Full-length transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2-L) is highly expressed in PCa. However, the association between IL-6 and TRPM2-L in PCa is unclear. Here, human PCa cell lines, PC-3 and DU-145, were treated with 10 μg/mL tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) inhibitor, and the TRPM2-L protein expression in cells was significantly decreased. Cells were stably transfected with TRPM2 short-interfering RNA (siRNA) and cell survival clearly declined. Recombinant IL-6 treatment weakened the effects of TRPM2-siRNA on cell survival. TRPM2-L binds directly to IL-6R in PC-3 and DU-145 cells. The protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α was suppressed by reduction with TRPM2-L in PC-3 and DU-145 cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were indirectly cocultured with PCa cells, and the invasion and angiogenic activity of HUVECs were enhanced after coculture with PCa cells. However, TRPM2-L reduction in PCa cells significantly decreased the invasion and angiogenic activity of HUVECs compared to the control coculture. In vivo, xenograft tumors were induced using PC-3 cells. Tocilizumab treatment or TRPM2-L reduction clearly suppressed tumor growth. Meanwhile, the injection of mouse recombinant IL-6 weakened the antitumor effects of TRPM2-L reduction. These data demonstrate that the IL-6/TRPM2-L axis in PCa tumor growth is important, and interference of the IL-6/TRPM2-L axis may be a novel approach for PCa therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cheng
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Philippines
- School of Pharmacy (School of Wine), Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Qingmei Jia
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Christopher Batbatan
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Philippines
| | - Zhihua Guo
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fengtao Cheng
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, China
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Nagata M, Tome A, White K, Wilkens LR, Park SY, Le Marchand L, Haiman C, Hernandez BY. No Association of Trichomonas vaginalis Seropositivity with Advanced Prostate Cancer Risk in the Multiethnic Cohort: A Nested Case-Control Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5194. [PMID: 37958367 PMCID: PMC10648031 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential involvement of a sexually transmitted agent has been suggested to contribute to the high number of prostate cancers in the United States and worldwide. We investigated the relationship of Trichomonas vaginalis seropositivity with prostate cancer risk in a nested case-control study within the Multiethnic Cohort in Hawaii and California using blood samples collected prior to cancer diagnoses. Incident cases of advanced prostate cancer (intermediate- to high-grade based on Gleason score ≥ 7 and/or disease spread outside the prostate) were matched to controls by age, ethnicity, and the date of blood collection. T. vaginalis serostatus was measured using an ELISA detecting IgG antibodies against a recombinant T. vaginalis α-actinin protein. Seropositivity to T. vaginalis was observed in 35 of 470 (7.4%) cases and 26 of 470 (5.5%) controls (unadjusted OR = 1.47, 95% CI 0.82-2.64; adjusted OR = 1.31, 95% CI 0.67-2.53). The association was similarly not significant when cases were confined to extraprostatic tumors having regional or distant spread (n = 121) regardless of grade (unadjusted OR = 1.37, 95% CI 0.63-3.01; adjusted OR = 1.20, 95% CI 0.46-3.11). The association of T. vaginalis with prostate cancer risk did not vary by aspirin use. Our findings do not support a role for T. vaginalis in the etiology of advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Nagata
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.T.); (K.W.); (L.R.W.); (S.-Y.P.); (L.L.M.); (B.Y.H.)
| | - Anne Tome
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.T.); (K.W.); (L.R.W.); (S.-Y.P.); (L.L.M.); (B.Y.H.)
| | - Kami White
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.T.); (K.W.); (L.R.W.); (S.-Y.P.); (L.L.M.); (B.Y.H.)
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.T.); (K.W.); (L.R.W.); (S.-Y.P.); (L.L.M.); (B.Y.H.)
| | - Song-Yi Park
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.T.); (K.W.); (L.R.W.); (S.-Y.P.); (L.L.M.); (B.Y.H.)
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.T.); (K.W.); (L.R.W.); (S.-Y.P.); (L.L.M.); (B.Y.H.)
| | - Christopher Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Brenda Y. Hernandez
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.T.); (K.W.); (L.R.W.); (S.-Y.P.); (L.L.M.); (B.Y.H.)
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22
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Miya TV, Marima R, Damane BP, Ledet EM, Dlamini Z. Dissecting Microbiome-Derived SCFAs in Prostate Cancer: Analyzing Gut Microbiota, Racial Disparities, and Epigenetic Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4086. [PMID: 37627114 PMCID: PMC10452611 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be the most diagnosed cancer and the second primary cause of fatalities in men globally. There is an abundance of scientific evidence suggesting that the human microbiome, together with its metabolites, plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis and has a significant impact on the efficacy of anticancer interventions in solid and hematological cancers. These anticancer interventions include chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and targeted therapies. Furthermore, the microbiome can influence systemic and local immune responses using numerous metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Despite the lack of scientific data in terms of the role of SCFAs in PCa pathogenesis, recent studies show that SCFAs have a profound impact on PCa progression. Several studies have reported racial/ethnic disparities in terms of bacterial content in the gut microbiome and SCFA composition. These studies explored microbiome and SCFA racial/ethnic disparities in cancers such as colorectal, colon, cervical, breast, and endometrial cancer. Notably, there are currently no published studies exploring microbiome/SCFA composition racial disparities and their role in PCa carcinogenesis. This review discusses the potential role of the microbiome in PCa development and progression. The involvement of microbiome-derived SCFAs in facilitating PCa carcinogenesis and their effect on PCa therapeutic response, particularly immunotherapy, are discussed. Racial/ethnic differences in microbiome composition and SCFA content in various cancers are also discussed. Lastly, the effects of SCFAs on PCa progression via epigenetic modifications is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabiso Victor Miya
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Rahaba Marima
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Botle Precious Damane
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0007, South Africa
| | - Elisa Marie Ledet
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
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23
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Campbell K, Suarez Arbelaez MC, Ghomeshi A, Ibrahim E, Roy S, Singh P, Khodamoradi K, Miller A, Lundy SD, Ramasamy R. Next-generation sequencing analysis of semen microbiome taxonomy in men with nonobstructive azoospermia vs. fertile controls: a pilot study. F&S SCIENCE 2023; 4:257-264. [PMID: 37321541 PMCID: PMC10527663 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study how the semen microbiome profile in men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) differs from that of fertile controls (FCs). DESIGN Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and 16S ribosomal RNA, we sequenced semen samples from men with NOA (follicle-stimulating hormone >10 IU/mL, testis volume <10 mL) and FCs and performed a comprehensive taxonomic microbiome analysis. SETTING All patients were identified during evaluation at the outpatient male andrology clinic at the University of Miami. PATIENTS In total, 33 adult men, including 14 diagnosed with NOA and 19 with proven paternity undergoing vasectomy, were enrolled. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Bacterial species in the semen microbiome were identified. RESULTS Alpha-diversity was similar between the groups, suggesting similar diversity within samples, whereas beta-diversity was different, suggesting differences in taxa between samples. In the NOA men, the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were underrepresented, and Actinobacteriota were overrepresented compared with FC men. At the genus level, Enterococcus was the most common amplicon sequence variant in both groups, whereas 5 genera differed significantly between the groups, including Escherichia and Shigella, Sneathia, and Raoutella. CONCLUSION Our study showed significant differences in the seminal microbiome between men with NOA and fertile men. These results suggest a loss of functional symbiosis may be associated with NOA. Further research into the characterization and clinical utility of the semen microbiome and its causal role in male infertility is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Campbell
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Armin Ghomeshi
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Emad Ibrahim
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sabita Roy
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Praveen Singh
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Kajal Khodamoradi
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Aaron Miller
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Scott D Lundy
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
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24
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Hata J, Harigane Y, Matsuoka K, Akaihata H, Yaginuma K, Meguro S, Hoshi S, Sato Y, Ogawa S, Uemura M, Kojima Y. Mechanism of Androgen-Independent Stromal Proliferation in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11634. [PMID: 37511400 PMCID: PMC10380833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a chronic proliferative disease showing stromal-dominant proliferation. However, the detailed proliferation mechanism has remained unclear. Although aging and androgen have been reported as definitive risk factors for BPH, recent studies have focused on the involvement of androgen-independent factors. Androgen-independent factors include ischemia, oxidative stress, metabolic syndrome, infection, autoimmune reactions, and inflammation, with inflammation in BPH tissues playing a central role in the BPH proliferative process. Inflammation in BPH tissues by various factors finally leads to tissue remodeling and stromal proliferation through the wound healing process of the prostate. To elucidate the proliferative mechanism of BPH, a study using whole-genome gene expression analysis in a stromal-dominant BPH rat model was performed and showed that immune response-related pathways and complement classical pathways are activated. Furthermore, expression analysis using this BPH rat model showed that the autoimmune reaction triggered complement pathway activation in the proliferative process of BPH. BPH is a multifactorial disease, and understanding the role of androgen-independent factors including immune responses contributes to elucidating the pathogenesis of BPH. Androgen-independent factors may lead to new therapeutic targets for BPH, and further development of this research is expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Hata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Yuki Harigane
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Kanako Matsuoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Hidenori Akaihata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Kei Yaginuma
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Satoru Meguro
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Seiji Hoshi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Motohide Uemura
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 9601295, Japan
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25
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Cheng W, Liao Y, Mou R, Xiao X, Jia Y. Inflammatory bowel disease and prostate cancer risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1157313. [PMID: 37409117 PMCID: PMC10318899 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1157313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous epidemiological observational studies have reported an association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and prostate cancer (PCa), but the causality is inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the causality of IBD on PCa using the mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods We performed a two-sample MR analysis with public genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data. Eligible instrumental variables (IVs) were selected according to the three assumptions of MR analysis. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was the main method. Complementary methods included the MR-Egger regression, the Weighted Median, the Simple Mode, the Weighted Mode and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods. Results Genetically determined IBD did not have a causal effect on PCa (IVW P > 0.05). Additionally, there was no causal effect of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) on PCa in the MR analysis (IVW P > 0.05). Results of complementary methods were consistent with those of the IVW method. Conclusions This study does not support a causal association of IBD on PCa, which is in contrast to most observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cheng
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Liao
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruiyu Mou
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Xian Xiao
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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26
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Zhou BG, Yu Q, Jiang X, Mei YZ, Ding YB, Wang M. Association between inflammatory bowel disease and risk of incident prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Int J Colorectal Dis 2023; 38:168. [PMID: 37310514 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-023-04465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Numerous observational studies have been conducted to investigate the potential association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and prostate cancer (PCa). However, a definitive conclusion has yet to be established. We therefore performed a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between these two conditions. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to identify all relevant cohort studies that investigated the association between IBD and risk of incident PCa published from inception to February 2023. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated as effect size for the outcome based on random-effects model meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 18 cohort studies with 592,853 participants were included. The meta-analysis revealed that IBD was linked to an elevated risk of incident PCa (HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.06-1.37, P = 0.004). Further subgroup analyses revealed that ulcerative colitis (UC) was linked to an increased risk of incident PCa (HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.06-1.38, P = 0.006), while Crohn's disease (CD) is not significantly associated with a higher risk of PCa (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.91-1.17, P = 0.65). There was a significant correlation between IBD and an elevated risk of incident PCa in the European population, but such a correlation was not observed in the Asian and North American populations. Sensitivity analyses indicated that our results were robust. CONCLUSIONS Our latest evidence indicates that IBD was linked to an elevated risk of incident PCa, especially in UC patients and the European population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Gang Zhou
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi Xinwu District Xinrui Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan-Bing Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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27
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Oseni SO, Naar C, Pavlović M, Asghar W, Hartmann JX, Fields GB, Esiobu N, Kumi-Diaka J. The Molecular Basis and Clinical Consequences of Chronic Inflammation in Prostatic Diseases: Prostatitis, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, and Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3110. [PMID: 37370720 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is now recognized as one of the major risk factors and molecular hallmarks of chronic prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which chronic inflammation signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of these prostate diseases are poorly understood. Previous efforts to therapeutically target the upstream (e.g., TLRs and IL1-Rs) and downstream (e.g., NF-κB subunits and cytokines) inflammatory signaling molecules in people with these conditions have been clinically ambiguous and unsatisfactory, hence fostering the recent paradigm shift towards unraveling and understanding the functional roles and clinical significance of the novel and relatively underexplored inflammatory molecules and pathways that could become potential therapeutic targets in managing prostatic diseases. In this review article, we exclusively discuss the causal and molecular drivers of prostatitis, BPH, and prostate tumorigenesis, as well as the potential impacts of microbiome dysbiosis and chronic inflammation in promoting prostate pathologies. We specifically focus on the importance of some of the underexplored druggable inflammatory molecules, by discussing how their aberrant signaling could promote prostate cancer (PCa) stemness, neuroendocrine differentiation, castration resistance, metabolic reprogramming, and immunosuppression. The potential contribution of the IL1R-TLR-IRAK-NF-κBs signaling molecules and NLR/inflammasomes in prostate pathologies, as well as the prospective benefits of selectively targeting the midstream molecules in the various inflammatory cascades, are also discussed. Though this review concentrates more on PCa, we envision that the information could be applied to other prostate diseases. In conclusion, we have underlined the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that may need to be targeted and/or further investigated to better understand the association between chronic inflammation and prostate diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheed Oluwasina Oseni
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Corey Naar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Mirjana Pavlović
- Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Waseem Asghar
- Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - James X Hartmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Gregg B Fields
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, and I-HEALTH, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Nwadiuto Esiobu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - James Kumi-Diaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
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28
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Čeprnja M, Hadžić E, Oros D, Melvan E, Starcevic A, Zucko J. Current Viewpoint on Female Urogenital Microbiome-The Cause or the Consequence? Microorganisms 2023; 11:1207. [PMID: 37317181 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing amount of evidence implies that native microbiota is a constituent part of a healthy urinary tract (UT), making it an ecosystem on its own. What is still not clear is whether the origin of the urinary microbial community is the indirect consequence of the more abundant gut microbiota or a more distinct separation exists between these two systems. Another area of uncertainty is the existence of a link between the shifts in UT microbial composition and both the onset and persistence of cystitis symptoms. Cystitis is one of the most common reasons for antimicrobial drugs prescriptions in primary and secondary care and an important contributor to the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Despite this fact, we still have trouble distinguishing whether the primary cause of the majority of cystitis cases is a single pathogen overgrowth or a systemic disorder affecting the entire urinary microbiota. There is an increasing trend in studies monitoring changes and dynamics of UT microbiota, but this field of research is still in its infancy. Using NGS and bioinformatics, it is possible to obtain microbiota taxonomic profiles directly from urine samples, which can provide a window into microbial diversity (or the lack of) underlying each patient's cystitis symptoms. However, while microbiota refers to the living collection of microorganisms, an interchangeably used term microbiome referring to the genetic material of the microbiota is more often used in conjunction with sequencing data. It is this vast amount of sequences, which are truly "Big Data", that allow us to create models that describe interactions between different species contributing to an UT ecosystem, when coupled with machine-learning techniques. Although in a simplified predator-prey form these multi-species interaction models have the potential to further validate or disprove current beliefs; whether it is the presence or the absence of particular key players in a UT microbial ecosystem, the exact cause or consequence of the otherwise unknown etiology in the majority of cystitis cases. These insights might prove to be vital in our ongoing struggle against pathogen resistance and offer us new and promising clinical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Čeprnja
- Biochemical Laboratory, Special Hospital Agram, Polyclinic Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Edin Hadžić
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Zagreb University, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damir Oros
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Zagreb University, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ena Melvan
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Antonio Starcevic
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Zagreb University, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jurica Zucko
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Zagreb University, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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29
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Nearing JT, DeClercq V, Langille MGI. Investigating the oral microbiome in retrospective and prospective cases of prostate, colon, and breast cancer. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:23. [PMID: 37127667 PMCID: PMC10151362 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00391-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome has been proposed as a potentially useful biomarker for several cancers. To examine this, we made use of salivary samples from the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (PATH) project and Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP). Sample selection was divided into both a retrospective and prospective case control design examining prostate, breast, and colon cancer. In total 89 retrospective and 260 prospective cancer cases were matched to non-cancer controls and saliva samples were sequenced using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found no significant differences in alpha diversity. All beta diversity measures were insignificant except for unweighted UniFrac profiles in retrospective breast cancer cases and weighted UniFrac, Bray-Curtis and Robust Atchinson's distances in colon cancer after testing with age and sex adjusted MiRKAT models. Differential abundance (DA) analysis showed several taxa that were associated with previous cancer in all three groupings. Only one genus (Clostridia UCG-014) in breast cancer and one ASV (Fusobacterium periodonticum) in colon cancer was identified by more than one DA tool. In prospective cases three ASVs were associated with colon cancer, one ASV with breast cancer, and one ASV with prostate cancer. Random Forest classification showed low levels of signal in both study designs in breast and prostate cancer. Contrastingly, colon cancer did show signal in our retrospective analysis (AUC: 0.737) and in one of two prospective cohorts (AUC: 0.717). Our results indicate that it is unlikely that reliable microbial oral biomarkers for breast and prostate cancer exist.. However, further research into the oral microbiome and colon cancer could be fruitful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Nearing
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
| | - Vanessa DeClercq
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Morgan G I Langille
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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30
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Munteanu R, Feder RI, Onaciu A, Munteanu VC, Iuga CA, Gulei D. Insights into the Human Microbiome and Its Connections with Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092539. [PMID: 37174009 PMCID: PMC10177521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome represents the diversity of microorganisms that live together at different organ sites, influencing various physiological processes and leading to pathological conditions, even carcinogenesis, in case of a chronic imbalance. Additionally, the link between organ-specific microbiota and cancer has attracted the interest of numerous studies and projects. In this review article, we address the important aspects regarding the role of gut, prostate, urinary and reproductive system, skin, and oral cavity colonizing microorganisms in prostate cancer development. Various bacteria, fungi, virus species, and other relevant agents with major implications in cancer occurrence and progression are also described. Some of them are assessed based on their values of prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers, while others are presented for their anti-cancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Munteanu
- Department of In Vivo Studies, Research Center for Advanced Medicine-MEDFUTURE, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Richard-Ionut Feder
- Department of In Vivo Studies, Research Center for Advanced Medicine-MEDFUTURE, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Onaciu
- Department of NanoBioPhysics, Research Center for Advanced Medicine-MEDFUTURE, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics and Biophysics, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Cristian Munteanu
- Department of Urology, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Urology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina-Adela Iuga
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Research Center for Advanced Medicine-MEDFUTURE, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Gulei
- Department of In Vivo Studies, Research Center for Advanced Medicine-MEDFUTURE, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Yang BY, Zhao FZ, Li XH, Zhao MS, Lv JC, Shi MJ, Li J, Zhou ZY, Wang JJ, Song J. Alteration of pro-carcinogenic gut microbiota is associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma tumorigenesis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1133782. [PMID: 37089532 PMCID: PMC10113506 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1133782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveIncreasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota is involved in the occurrence and progression of urinary system diseases such as clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the mechanism of how alteration of gut metagenome promotes ccRCC remains unclear. Here we aim to elucidate the association of specific gut bacteria and their metabolites with ccRCC.MethodsIn a pilot case-control study among 30 ccRCC patients (RCC group) and 30 healthy controls (Control group), 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing were analyzed from fecal samples collected prior to surgery or hospitalization. Alpha diversity and beta diversity analysis of the gut microbiota were performed, and differential taxa were identified by multivariate statistics. Meanwhile, serum metabolism was measured by UHPLC-MS, and differential genes were identified based on the TCGA database.ResultsAlpha diversity found there were no significant microbial diversity differences of gut microbiota between the RCC group and the Control group. However, beta diversity analysis showed that the overall structures of the two groups were significantly separated (p = 0.008). Random Forests revealed the relative abundances of 20 species differed significantly between the RCC group and the Control group, among which nine species were enriched in the RCC group such as Desulfovibrionaceae, and 11 species were less abundant such as four kinds of Lactobacillus. Concomitantly, serum level of taurine, which was considered to be consumed by Desulfovibrionaceae and released by Lactobacillus, has decreased in the RCC group. In addition, macrophage-related genes such as Gabbr1 was upregulated in ccRCC patients.ConclusionReduction of protective bacteria, proliferation of sulfide-degrading bacteria Desulfovibrionaceae, reduction of taurine, and enrichment of macrophage related genes might be the risk predictors of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yu Yang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Zhou Zhao
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan-Hao Li
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Shan Zhao
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Cheng Lv
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Jun Shi
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Yuan Zhou,
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Jing-Jing Wang,
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Jian Song,
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An J, Song Y, Kim S, Kong H, Kim K. Alteration of Gut Microbes in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Model and Finasteride Treatment Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065904. [PMID: 36982979 PMCID: PMC10057928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbes are closely associated with disease onset and improvement. However, the effects of gut microbes on the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are still unclear. We investigated the alteration of gut microbiota with implications for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of BPH and identified correlations among various indicators, including hormone indicators, apoptosis markers in BPH, and finasteride treatment models. BPH induction altered the abundance of Lactobacillus, Flavonifractor, Acetatifactor, Oscillibacter, Pseudoflavonifractor, Intestinimonas, and Butyricimonas genera, which are related to BPH indicators. Among these, the altered abundance of Lactobacillus and Acetatifactor was associated with the promotion and inhibition of prostate apoptosis, respectively. Finasteride treatment altered the abundance of Barnesiella, Acetatifactor, Butyricimonas, Desulfovibrio, Anaerobacterium, and Robinsoniella genera, which are related to BPH indicators. Among these, altered abundances of Desulfovibrio and Acetatifactor were associated with the promotion and inhibition of prostate apoptosis, respectively. In addition, the abundances of Lactobacillus and Acetatifactor were normalized after finasteride treatment. In conclusion, the association between apoptosis and altered abundances of Lactobacillus and Acetatifactor, among other gut microbes, suggests their potential utility in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho An
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngcheon Song
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangbum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseok Kong
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- College of Animal Biotechnology and Resource, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
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Hao J, Li Y, Yu Y, Zheng L, Feng F. Gut microbiota characteristics of Mongolian and Han populations in anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: a population-based case-control study. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:74. [PMID: 36927469 PMCID: PMC10018964 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug-induced liver injury (ADLI) is complicated and remains unclear. We aimed to analyse the relationship between the characteristics of gut microbiota and ADLI in Mongolian and Han patients with pulmonary TB and identify the most notable bacteria related to the occurrence of liver injury in those populations. METHODS Patients with concurrent liver injury (LI) and no liver injury (ULI) before receiving first-line anti-TB drug treatment (T1) from the Han population in Tangshan and the Mongolian population in Inner Mongolia were selected as research subjects. At the time of liver injury (T2), stool samples were measured by bacterial 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing to analyse and compare the differences in the gut microbiota of the LI and ULI Mongolian and Han patients at T1 and T2 and identify the differences between those patients. RESULTS A total of 45 Mongolian and 37 Han patients were enrolled in our study. A dynamic comparison from T1 to T2 showed that the microbiota of the LI and ULI groups changed significantly from T1 to T2 in both the Mongolian and Han populations. However, there were commonalities and personality changes in the microbiota of the two ethnic groups. CONCLUSION Differences in gut microbes in ADLI were found among the Han and Mongolian patients in our study. Ekmania and Stenotrophomonas were related to the occurrence of ADLI in Mongolian patients, while Ekmania and Ruminococcus__gnavus_group were related to the occurrence of ADLI in the Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqi Hao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei Province, 063210, Tangshan, China
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, 014030, Baotou, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei Province, 063210, Tangshan, China
| | - Yanqin Yu
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, 014030, Baotou, China
| | - Limin Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, 014010, Baotou, China
| | - Fumin Feng
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei Province, 063210, Tangshan, China.
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Mostafaei H, Salehi-Pourmehr H, Rahnama’i MS, Mostafaei H, Shariat SF, Hajebrahimi S. Microbiome in Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTSs): Mapping the State of the Art with Bibliometric Analysis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020552. [PMID: 36836909 PMCID: PMC9964026 DOI: 10.3390/life13020552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of this study is to provide the first characterization of the current research field of the clinical microbiome in LUTSs. METHODS First-of-its-kind scientometric insight into the historical development and structural state of the discipline is provided by a field analysis, mapping, and sub-analysis of articles for future research. On 22 December 2022, the entire Scopus database was searched without language or date restrictions. Search terms included "Chronic prostatitis", OR "Interstitial cystitis", OR "Lower urinary tract symptoms", OR "Lower urinary tract dysfunction", OR "Overactive bladder", OR "Incontinence", OR "Urolithiasis", OR "Urothelium", OR "Urine", OR "Urology", OR "urinary disorder", OR "Pathophysiology", OR "Benign prostatic hyperplasia", OR "Benign prostatic enlargement", AND "Microbiota", OR "Microbiome", OR "Urobio-ma", OR "Urobiota; microflora". The author and institutional data were transformed using the analytical tool Biblioshiny (a Shiny app for Bibliometrix), which took into account variations in author spelling as well as institutional naming and subgroups. RESULTS The specified search strategy was able to locate 529 documents from 267 sources published from 1981 to 2022. The average number of years from publication was 4.59 years. The authors with the most publications were Wolfe AJ and Brubaker I. The top three most collaborative networks were Loyola University Chicago, Loyola University Medical Center, and the University of California San Diego. The most frequently occurring words among the 50 nodes were: human, humans, nonhuman, female, adult, article, microbiology, microflora, microbiota, and controlled study. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology and the International Urogynecology Journal, followed by Nature Reviews Urology, were the top three most relevant sources in microbiome research in urology. CONCLUSIONS One of the most crucial requirements for developing research policies and anticipating the scientific requirements of researchers is paying attention to the evolution of various scientific fields. Understanding research gaps and future needs in microbiome research in urology can be effectively understood by paying attention to the models, maps, and visualizations used in this research, which are the results of systematic analysis of scientific products in the most esteemed scientific journals in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Mostafaei
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center, A Joanna Briggs Institute Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
- Correspondence: or (H.S.-P.); or (S.H.); Tel./Fax: +98-41333-42219 (H.S.-P.)
| | | | - Helia Mostafaei
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center, A Joanna Briggs Institute Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
| | - Shahrokh F. Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sakineh Hajebrahimi
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center, A Joanna Briggs Institute Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
- Correspondence: or (H.S.-P.); or (S.H.); Tel./Fax: +98-41333-42219 (H.S.-P.)
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Kustrimovic N, Bombelli R, Baci D, Mortara L. Microbiome and Prostate Cancer: A Novel Target for Prevention and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021511. [PMID: 36675055 PMCID: PMC9860633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence of the microbiome's role in human health and disease has emerged since the creation of the Human Microbiome Project. Recent studies suggest that alterations in microbiota composition (dysbiosis) may play an essential role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa), which remains the second most frequent male malignancy worldwide. Current advances in biological technologies, such as high-throughput sequencing, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, have enabled research on the gut, urinary, and intra-prostate microbiome signature and the correlation with local and systemic inflammation, host immunity response, and PCa progression. Several microbial species and their metabolites facilitate PCa insurgence through genotoxin-mediated mutagenesis or by driving tumor-promoting inflammation and dysfunctional immunosurveillance. However, the impact of the microbiome on PCa development, progression, and response to treatment is complex and needs to be fully understood. This review addresses the current knowledge on the host-microbe interaction and the risk of PCa, providing novel insights into the intraprostatic, gut, and urinary microbiome mechanisms leading to PCa carcinogenesis and treatment response. In this paper, we provide a detailed overview of diet changes, gut microbiome, and emerging therapeutic approaches related to the microbiome and PCa. Further investigation on the prostate-related microbiome and large-scale clinical trials testing the efficacy of microbiota modulation approaches may improve patient outcomes while fulfilling the literature gap of microbial-immune-cancer-cell mechanistic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Kustrimovic
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease—CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bombelli
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Denisa Baci
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mortara
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Yang HJ, Kim JH. Role of microbiome and its metabolite, short chain fatty acid in prostate cancer. Investig Clin Urol 2023; 64:3-12. [PMID: 36629060 PMCID: PMC9834570 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20220370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome which is an assembly of all microbes living inside our bodies performs a major role in maintaining human health and wellness. It has been found that the imbalance of the microbiome can cause various diseases in humans. Similarly, there is growing evidence that the microbiome largely affects a person's chance of contracting certain cancers and how the disease develops and progresses. Studies have shown that about 15% to 20% of all cancers are caused by microbial pathogens. The prevalence of prostate cancer, which is increasing rapidly in Korea, is related to lifestyle including diet. These diets can alter the gut microbial composition, and the effect of the microbiome on prostate cancer development can be estimated. However, the microbiome associated with prostate cancer has been reported differently according to race. This means that the metabolite rather than the specific microbiome will be important. Short chain fatty acids, metabolites of the microbiome, plays an important role in the action mechanism of the microbiome. Short chain fatty acids play roles such as immunomodulation and inhibition of histone deacetylase. Here, we examined the most up-to-date literature featuring the effects of the microbiome on the risk and pathogenesis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jo Yang
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae Heon Kim
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Suarez Arbelaez MC, Israeli JM, Tipton CD, Loloi J, Deebel N, Leong JY, Ramasamy R. Pilot Study: Next-generation Sequencing of the Semen Microbiome in Vasectomized Versus Nonvasectomized Men. Eur Urol Focus 2023; 9:75-82. [PMID: 36396563 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately half a million vasectomies are performed every year in the USA. There is a paucity of literature on the impact of male sterilization on the semen microbiome and whether it prompts microbiota dysbiosis. OBJECTIVE To investigate if vasectomy induces changes in the seminal microbiome via comparison of semen samples from men before and after vasectomy, and if the seminal microbiome profiles for vasectomized men follow a particular pattern with respect to diversity and abundance. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS From July 2021 to February 2022, we prospectively collected and analyzed semen samples from 58 men at one outpatient clinic. Eighteen men provided a semen sample before and 3 mo after vasectomy. We also collected semen samples from 22 fertile nonvasectomized men and from a further 18 vasectomized men at 3 mo after vasectomy. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Semen microbiome α-diversity, beta-diversity, and relative abundance were compared initially between paired and then between unpaired vasectomized and nonvasectomized samples. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), permutational multivariate ANOVA, and analysis of the composition of microbiomes with bias correction were used to assess differences. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS In both paired and unpaired sets of samples, a decreasing trend for α-diversity in semen after vasectomy was observed. Shannon diversity, the relative abundance of species with an abundance >2%, and composition were not significantly changed. Sphingomonas, Brevundimonas, and Paracoccus abundance decreased after vasectomy, while Corynebacterium abundance increased. The results may be limited by the sample size and lack of demographic heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Vasectomy is followed by a decrease in α-diversity and changes in the relative abundance of bacterial species in the semen microbiome. Further investigation is necessary to understand the clinical significance of these changes after vasectomy. PATIENT SUMMARY We evaluated changes in the bacteria species in semen after vasectomy. We found that vasectomy decreased the richness and evenness of bacteria species in semen, but the overall bacterial community remained similar. Further studies are needed to assess the implications of changes in semen bacteria after vasectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph M Israeli
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Craig D Tipton
- RTL Genomics, MicroGen DX, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Justin Loloi
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, The Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Deebel
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joon Yau Leong
- Department of Urology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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The Urinary Microbiome; Axis Crosstalk and Short-Chain Fatty Acid. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123119. [PMID: 36553126 PMCID: PMC9777402 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge that "urine is sterile" is no longer accepted after the development of a next-generation sequencing (NGS) test. Using NGS, microbiota in the human body were discovered, and it is expected that this will improve our understanding of human diseases. However, the mechanism involved in the effect of the microbiome on diseases is still poorly understood. Associations of gut microbiome with diseases have been recently reported. Based on such associations, bladder-gut-brain axis, gut-bladder axis, gut-vagina-bladder axis, and gut-kidney axis as novel mechanisms of action of the microbiome have been suggested. Each axis can influence the development and progression of disease through interactions. In these interactions, metabolites of the microbiome including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and the inflammasome play an important role. Inflammasomes are multiprotein oligomers that can initiate inflammatory responses. Inflammasomes can trigger inflammation and pyroptosis and ultimately contribute to disease development. SCFAs play an important role in immune cell migration, cytokine production, and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Associations of inflammasomes with systemic diseases such as obesity and insulin resistance have been reported. The roles of inflammasomes and SCFAs in kidney, bladder, and prostate diseases have also been revealed recently.
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Microbiota-Pain Association; Recent Discoveries and Research Progress. Curr Microbiol 2022; 80:29. [PMID: 36474077 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between gut microbiota and pain, such as visceral pain, headaches (migraine), itching, prosthetic joint infection (PJI), chronic abdominal pain (CAP), joint pain, etc., has received increasing attention. Several parts of the evidence suggest that microbiota is one of the most important pain modulators and they can regulate pain in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Any alteration in microbiota by diet or antibiotics mediation may characterize a novel therapeutic strategy for pain management. The present study includes the most up-to-date and influential scientific findings on the association of microbiota with pain, despite the fact that the underlying mechanism is not identified in most cases. According to recent research, identifying the molecular mechanisms of the microbiota-pain pathway can have a unique perspective in treating many diseases, even though there is a long way to reach the ideal point. This study will stress the influence of microbiota on the common diseases that can stimulate the pain with a focus on underlying mechanisms.
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Kim JK, Song SH, Jung G, Song B, Hong SK. Possibilities and limitations of using low biomass samples for urologic disease and microbiome research. Prostate Int 2022; 10:169-180. [PMID: 36570648 PMCID: PMC9747588 DOI: 10.1016/j.prnil.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the dogma of sterile urine no longer held as truth, numerous studies have implicated distinct changes in microbial diversity and composition to diseased subgroups in both benign and malignant urological diseases, ranging from overactive bladder to bladder and prostate cancer. Further facilitated by novel and effective techniques of urine culture and sequencing, analysis of the genitourinary microbiome holds high potential to identify biomarkers for disease and prognosis. However, the low biomass of samples included in microbiome studies of the urinary tract challenge researchers to draw definitive conclusions, confounded by technical and procedural considerations that must be addressed. Lack of samples and adequate true negative controls can lead to overestimation of microbial influence with clinical relevance. As such, results from currently available studies and assessment of their limitations required a thorough understanding. The purpose of this narrative review was to summarize notable microbiome studies in the field of urology with a focus on significant findings and limitations of study design. Methodological considerations in future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Kwon Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea,Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hun Song
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Gyoohwan Jung
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Byeongdo Song
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sung Kyu Hong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea,Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Corresponding author. Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300, Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyunggi-do, 463-707, Korea.
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Na JE, Kim TJ, Lee YC, Kim JE, Kim ER, Hong SN, Chang DK, Kim YH. Risk of prostate cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2022; 15:17562848221137430. [PMID: 36458049 PMCID: PMC9706079 DOI: 10.1177/17562848221137430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested an association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the risk of prostate cancer development. However, these findings are inconsistent, and studies based on Asian populations are limited. OBJECTIVES We compared the risk of prostate cancer according to IBD status using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. DESIGN A population-based retrospective cohort of age-matched 59,044 non-IBD patients and 14,761 IBD patients between January 2009 and December 2011 was analyzed up to December 2017. METHODS The risk of prostate cancer was compared between patients with IBD and controls using the Cox proportional hazards regression model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 6 years, the incidence rate of prostate cancer was 264 per 100,000 person-years in non-IBD patients and 242 per 100,000 person-years in patients with IBD. IBD status was not associated with the risk of prostate cancer compared to non-IBD [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80-1.08, p = 0.32). The cumulative incidence of prostate cancer did not differ by IBD status (non-IBD patients versus IBD patients: log-rank p = 0.27; non-IBD patients versus ulcerative colitis versus Crohn's disease: log-rank p = 0.42). In multivariate analysis, age was an independent risk factor for the development of prostate cancer (HR 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.03, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In our population-based study, IBD status was not associated with the risk of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Na
- Department of Medicine, Inje University
Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of
Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of
Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Chan Lee
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced
Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ran Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Noh Hong
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kyung Chang
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Microbiota and prostate cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1058-1065. [PMID: 34536504 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed non-skin malignancy in male patients, still representing one of the main causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Evidence is mounting that suggests the putative role of microbiota in the carcinogenesis as well as in modulating the efficacy and activity of anticancer treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies) in a large number of hematological and solid tumors. However, few data are available regarding the interactions between prostate cancer and microbiome so far, in particular in terms of the impact of microbiota on disease development, pathogenesis, and response to medical treatments in this genitourinary malignancy. Herein, we provide an overview of current knowledge, novel insights and emerging therapeutic approaches related to gastrointestinal and genitourinary microbiome in prostate cancer patients, especially focusing on available evidence and published trials on this topic.
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Grande G, Pompa G, Astorri AL, Pontecorvi A, Milardi D. Association of Probiotic Treatment With Antibiotics in Male Accessory Gland Infections. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221119064. [PMID: 36255039 PMCID: PMC9583205 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221119064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Male accessory gland infection (MAGI) represents a frequent disease, commonly treated with antibiotics alone. However, in approximately 40% to 50% of patients, persistent infection is detected. Intestinal dysbiosis is involved in the pathogenesis of prostatitis. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic treatment in association with a specific probiotic supplementation. A total of 104 infertile patients, with microbiological analysis on semen and/or prostatic secretions positive for Gram-negative bacteria, have been enrolled. All patients received antibiotic treatment with fluoroquinolones. In total, 84 patients received a commercial association of Enterococcus faecium and Saccharomyces boulardii during antibiotic treatment, followed by treatment with Lactobacilli. After the treatment, a complete microbiological analysis was repeated. Polymicrobial infections have been observed in 11% of patients, while infections due to a single germ were reported in 89% of the patients. After the treatment was performed, a complete eradication with negative semen culture and microbiological analysis on prostatic secretion was observed in 64 of 84 patients (76.2%), while only 10 of 20 patients receiving antibiotics alone (50%; p < .05) reported negative microbiological analysis. Persistent infections have been observed only in patients with infections due to Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli. This study represents the first approach demonstrating the efficacy of a specific probiotic treatment in reducing the rate of persistent infections in patients with MAGI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grande
- International Scientific Institute
“Paul VI,” Rome, Italy,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.
Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Unit of Andrology and Reproductive
Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,Giuseppe Grande, Unit of Andrology and
Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gustavo
Modena 9, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Pompa
- International Scientific Institute
“Paul VI,” Rome, Italy,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.
Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Astorri
- International Scientific Institute
“Paul VI,” Rome, Italy,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.
Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- International Scientific Institute
“Paul VI,” Rome, Italy,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.
Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Milardi
- International Scientific Institute
“Paul VI,” Rome, Italy,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.
Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Jung G, Kim JK, Kim H, Lee J, Hong SK. The association between prostatitis and risk of prostate cancer: a National Health Insurance Database study. World J Urol 2022; 40:2781-2787. [PMID: 36201020 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-022-04165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammation is thought to affect the development of prostate cancer (PCa). By retrospectively investigating the database of the National Health Insurance Service, this study attempted to perform a relevant analysis of patients with prostatitis and PCa. METHODS Participants were aged ≥ 50 years. Patients diagnosed with prostatitis between 2010 and 2013 and matched controls were followed up until 2019. We selected controls with matched propensity scores for age, diabetes, hypertension, and the Charlson comorbidity index. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association between prostatitis and PCa. The HR for PCa according to the presence of prostatitis was classified as acute, chronic, or other prostatitis. RESULTS A total of 746,176 patients from each group were analyzed. The incidence of PCa was significantly higher in the group with prostatitis (1.8% vs 0.6%, p < 0.001). The HR for PCa was significantly higher in patients with prostatitis (HR 2.99; 95% CI 2.89-3.09, p < 0.001). The HR for PCa was significantly higher in acute prostatitis than in chronic prostatitis (3.82; 95% CI 3.58-4.08; p < 0.001; HR 2.77; 95% CI 2.67-2.87, p < 0.001). The incidence of all-cause death in patients diagnosed PCa was significantly lower in prostatitis group (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.53-0.63, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Prostatitis is associated with an increased incidence of PCa. Acute prostatitis is associated with higher risk of PCa than chronic prostatitis. Clinicians should inform patients with prostatitis that they may have an increased risk of diagnosing PCa, and follow-up is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyoohwan Jung
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82, Gumi-Ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Jung Kwon Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82, Gumi-Ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Hasung Kim
- Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungkuk Lee
- Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Kyu Hong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82, Gumi-Ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea. .,Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Li YD, Ren ZJ, Gao L, Ma JH, Gou YQ, Tan W, Liu C. Cholelithiasis increased prostate cancer risk: evidence from a case-control study and a meta-analysis. BMC Urol 2022; 22:160. [PMID: 36192737 PMCID: PMC9528176 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-01110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cholelithiasis represents a known risk factor for digestive system neoplasm. Few studies reported the association between cholelithiasis and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa), and the results were controversial. Methods We reviewed the medical records of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Hospital to perform a retrospective matched case–control study, which included newly diagnosed 221 PCa patients and 219 matched controls. Logistic regression was applied to compare cholelithiasis exposure and adjusted for confounding factors. Additionally, we conducted a meta-analysis pooling this and published studies further to evaluate the association between cholelithiasis and PCa risk. Related ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used to assess the strength of associations. Results Our case–control study showed that cholelithiasis was associated with a higher incidence of PCa (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.06–3.31) after multivariable adjustment for covariates. The incidence of PCa was increased in patients with gallstones but not cholecystectomy. 7 studies involving 80,403 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. Similarly, the results demonstrated that cholelithiasis was associated with an increased risk of PCa (RR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.17–1.56) with moderate-quality evidence. Cholelithiasis patients with low BMI increased the PCa incidence. Moreover, Subgroup analysis based on region showed that cholelithiasis was associated with PCa in Europe (RR = 1.24, 95%CI 1.03–1.51) and Asia (RR = 1.32, 95%CI 1.24–1.41). Conclusions The results suggested an association between cholelithiasis and the risk of PCa. There was no significant relationship between cholecystectomy therapy and PCa risk. Further cohort studies should be conducted to demonstrate the results better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng-Ju Ren
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun-Hao Ma
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Gou
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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46
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Liu F, Xu X, Wang Z, Wu P. Abnormal prostate microbiota composition is associated with experimental autoimmune prostatitis complicated with depression in rats. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:966004. [PMID: 36250064 PMCID: PMC9563248 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.966004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microbiota play essential roles in the pathogenesis of prostatitis and depression. However, the changes in prostate microbiota have not yet been explored in rats with prostatitis/depression. This study aimed to investigate the changes of prostate microbiota in rats with prostatitis/depression. Methods Rats with experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) complicated with depression were constructed through injection of rat prostate antigen with immunoadjuvants followed by application of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). The rats were subjected to inflammatory factor detection and behavioral testing to confirm the establishment of the model. Subsequently, the prostate microbiota was assayed in the rats and compared by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results A rat model of EAP complicated with depression was established and confirmed by increases in IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α as well as the occurrence of depressive‐like behaviors. EAP/CUMS significantly altered the richness, evenness, and composition of prostate microbiota. Forty-six taxonomic biomarkers for prostate microbiota were enriched in rats with EAP/depression and exhibited statistically significant and biologically consistent differences. Metabolomics profiling revealed that EAP/depression was associated with reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway, L-lysine fermentation to acetate and butanoate, protein N-glycosylation and purine nucleobases degradation I, which is regulated by DCE29, Nocardioes, Helicobacter and Dorea. Conclusion Findings from the study demonstrate the existence of abnormal prostate microbiota in EAP complicated with depression and may be helpful in the treatment of comorbid diseases of prostatitis and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Wu,
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Bone Health Management in the Continuum of Prostate Cancer Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174305. [PMID: 36077840 PMCID: PMC9455007 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men. PCa cells require androgen receptor (AR) signaling for their growth and survival. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the preferred treatment for patients with locally advanced and metastatic PCa disease. Despite their initial response to androgen blockade, most patients eventually will develop metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Bone metastases are common in men with mCRPC, occurring in 30% of patients within 2 years of castration resistance and in >90% of patients over the course of the disease. Patients with mCRPC-induced bone metastasis develop lesions throughout their skeleton; the 5-year survival rate for these patients is 47%. Bone-metastasis-induced early changes in the bone that proceed the osteoblastic response in the bone matrix are monitored and detected via modern magnetic resonance and PET/CT imaging technologies. Various treatment options, such as targeting osteolytic metastasis with bisphosphonates, prednisone, dexamethasone, denosumab, immunotherapy, external beam radiation therapy, radiopharmaceuticals, surgery, and pain medications are employed to treat prostate-cancer-induced bone metastasis and manage bone health. However, these diagnostics and treatment options are not very accurate nor efficient enough to treat bone metastases and manage bone health. In this review, we present the pathogenesis of PCa-induced bone metastasis, its deleterious impacts on vital organs, the impact of metastatic PCa on bone health, treatment interventions for bone metastasis and management of bone- and skeletal-related events, and possible current and future therapeutic options for bone management in the continuum of prostate cancer disease.
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Investigating Causal Relations between Genetic-Related Intermediate Endophenotype and Risk of Chronic Prostatitis: Mendelian Randomization Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4560609. [PMID: 36071874 PMCID: PMC9441385 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4560609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective Prostatitis is a common disease of the male genitourinary system, which seriously disturbs the physical and mental health of male patients. It is related to many factors such as living habits, age, and race, but the etiology has not been fully elucidated. This study investigated whether there is a causal relationship between clinical biochemical indicators (i.e., intermediate phenotype) and prostatitis through Mendelian randomization. The subjects of the study were prostatitis patients and related SNPs in the Guangxi Fangchenggang health examination cohort. Methods According to the requirements of Mendelian randomization (MR), the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to prostatitis patients and 29 common SNPs related to clinical biochemical indicators were analyzed by linkage disequilibrium, and the calculated SNPs were selected. Finally, the related SNPs were analyzed by Mendelian randomization method. Results 15 biochemical indicators such as complement C4, FOL, CRP, HCY, and estradiol have shared chronic prostatitis SNP sites, and five qualified SNPs were finally screened for complement C4. Finally, complement C4 was obtained by Mendelian randomization method (P = 0.039), which was statistically significant. The other 28 clinical endophenotypes were all negative. Conclusion The results show that there was a causal relationship between complement C4 and prostatitis, and the more consistent SNP is rs2075799.
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Radej S, Szewc M, Maciejewski R. Prostate Infiltration by Treg and Th17 Cells as an Immune Response to Propionibacterium acnes Infection in the Course of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168849. [PMID: 36012113 PMCID: PMC9408129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) belong to the most frequent diseases in ageing men. It has been proposed that prostate chronic inflammation is a risk factor for the development of both BPH and PCa. However, potential stimuli that cause or maintain inflammation in the prostate gland are still poorly characterized. Bacterial infections seems to be one of the potential sources of prostatitis. Recent studies show that Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is the most prevalent microorganism in the prostate gland and may be a predisposing factor for inflammation of prostatic tissue. It indicates that P. acnes may contribute to cancer development by enhancing proinflammatory responses, as well as by modifying the prostate extracellular environment. In this review, we discuss the potential role of P. acnes in the development of BPH and PCa and highlight the importance of regulatory T CD4(+)FoxP3(+) (Treg) and Th17 cells in response to P. acnes infection in the context of both prostate diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Radej
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Szewc
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Institute of Health Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
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Phloretin in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer: A Contemporary Systematic Review. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12071029. [PMID: 35888117 PMCID: PMC9322491 DOI: 10.3390/life12071029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, medication for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are mainly based on modulating the hormone and nervous systems. However, side effects often affect patients, and might decrease their commitment to continuing the medication and lower their quality of life. Some studies have indicated that chronic inflammation might be the cause of BPH and PCa. Based on this hypothesis, the effect of phloretin, a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative flavonoid, has been researched since 2010. Results from animal and in-vitro studies, obtained from databases, also indicate that the use of phloretin in treating BPH and PCa is promising. Due to its effect on inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis or anti-apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, anti-oxidant enzymes and oxidative stress, phloretin is worthy of further study in human clinical trials regarding safety and effective dosages.
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