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Luecke SM, Aryee G, Holman DB, Schmidt KN, King LE, Crouse MS, Ward AK, Dahlen CR, Caton JS, Amat S. Effects of dietary restriction and one-carbon metabolite supplementation during the first 63 days of gestation on the maternal gut, vaginal, and blood microbiota in cattle. Anim Microbiome 2024; 6:48. [PMID: 39210404 PMCID: PMC11360793 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-024-00335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal diet quality and quantity have significant impacts on both maternal and fetal health and development. The composition and function of the maternal gut microbiome is also significantly influenced by diet; however, little is known about the impact of gestational nutrient restriction on the bovine maternal microbiome during early gestation, which is a critical stage for maternal microbiome-mediated fetal programming to take place. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impacts of diet restriction and one-carbon metabolite (OCM) supplementation during early gestation on maternal ruminal, vaginal, and blood microbiota in cattle. Thirty-three beef heifers (approx. 14 months old) were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment with main factors of target gain (control [CON]; targeted 0.45 kg/d gain vs restricted [RES]; targeted - 0.23 kg/d gain), and OCM supplementation (+ OCM vs - OCM; n = 8/treatment; except n = 9 for RES-OCM). Heifers were individually fed, starting treatment at breeding (d 0) and concluding at d 63 of gestation. Ruminal fluid and vaginal swabs were collected on d - 2, d 35, and d 63 (at necropsy) and whole blood was collected on d 63 (necropsy). Bacterial microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) sequencing. RESULTS Overall ruminal microbiota structure was affected by gain, OCM, time, and their interactions. The RES heifers had greater microbial richness (observed ASVs) but neither Shannon nor Inverse Simpson diversity was significantly influenced by gain or OCM supplementation; however, on d 63, 34 bacterial genera showed differential abundance in the ruminal fluid, with 25 genera enriched in RES heifers as compared to CON heifers. In addition, the overall interaction network structure of the ruminal microbiota changed due to diet restriction. The vaginal microbiota community structure was influenced by gain and time. Overall microbial richness and diversity of the vaginal microbiota steadily increased as pregnancy progressed. The vaginal ecological network structure was distinctive between RES and CON heifers with genera-genera interactions being intensified in RES heifers. A relatively diverse bacterial community was detected in blood samples, and the composition of the blood microbiota differed from that of ruminal and vaginal microbiota. CONCLUSION Restricted dietary intake during early gestation induced significant alterations in the ruminal microbiota which also extended to the vaginal microbiota. The composition of these two microbial communities was largely unaffected by OCM supplementation. Blood associated microbiota was largely distinctive from the ruminal and vaginal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Luecke
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Godson Aryee
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Devin B Holman
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB, Canada
| | - Kaycie N Schmidt
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Layla E King
- Department of Animal Sciences, and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Matthew S Crouse
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Alison K Ward
- Department of Animal Sciences, and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Carl R Dahlen
- Department of Animal Sciences, and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Joel S Caton
- Department of Animal Sciences, and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Samat Amat
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.
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Luo Y, Wang Z, Zhao X, Xing J, Chen Z, Zhao W, Long X, Zhang Y, Shao Y. Combining the Vaginal Microbiome and Serum Metabolome to Screen for Potential Biomarkers of Early Pregnancy in Cows. Metabolites 2024; 14:469. [PMID: 39330476 PMCID: PMC11434538 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14090469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Early pregnancy diagnostic techniques are of significant importance in livestock farming, particularly in dairy farming. This study aimed to screen artificially inseminated cows for potential biomarkers at day 21 of pregnancy using microbiota-metabolomics analysis. The microbiome analysis revealed significant changes (p < 0.05) in the composition and abundance of the vaginal microbiota in cows after pregnancy. Notably, there was an increase in the abundance of [Eubacterium]_hallii_group (p < 0.05) associated with the production of short-chain fatty acids in the pregnant group compared with the non-pregnant group. Furthermore, significant alterations were observed in the serum metabolome, with notable changes in the concentrations of prolyl-hydroxyproline (Pro-Hyp) (p < 0.01) and bonactin (p < 0.01). The majority of differential metabolites clustered within the pathways of amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism, with lipid metabolism exhibiting a higher proportion and playing a pivotal role in early pregnancy. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to quantify three key metabolites of the arachidonic acid pathway. The results demonstrated significant decreases in serum concentrations of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) (p < 0.05) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) (p < 0.01) and no significant changes in arachidonic acid (AA) (NS) concentrations after 21 days of gestation in cows. Spearman's correlation analysis was utilized to investigate the interrelationship between the vaginal microbiota and serum metabolites. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that biomaterials such as bonactin, Pro-hyp, LTB4, PGF2α in serum metabolites and [Eubacterium]_hallii_group in the vaginal flora of cows could be utilized as potential biomarkers for 21 days of gestation in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yongbin Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (Y.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.)
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Xiao L, Zhou T, Zuo Z, Sun N, Zhao F. Spatiotemporal patterns of the pregnancy microbiome and links to reproductive disorders. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1275-1285. [PMID: 38388298 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The microbiome of females undergoes extensive remodeling during pregnancy, which is likely to have an impact on the health of both mothers and offspring. Nevertheless, large-scale integrated investigations characterizing microbiome dynamics across key body habitats are lacking. Here, we performed an extensive meta-analysis that compiles and analyzes microbiome profiles from >10,000 samples across the gut, vagina, and oral cavity of pregnant women from diverse geographical regions. We have unveiled unexpected variations in the taxonomic, functional, and ecological characteristics of microbial communities throughout the course of pregnancy. The gut microbiota showed distinct trajectories between Western and non-Western populations. The vagina microbiota exhibited fluctuating transitions at the genus level across gestation, while the oral microbiota remained relatively stable. We also identified distinctive microbial signatures associated with prevalent pregnancy-related disorders, including opposite variations in the oral and gut microbiota of patients with gestational diabetes and disrupted microbial networks in preterm birth. This study establishes a comprehensive atlas of the pregnancy microbiome by integrating multidimensional datasets and offers foundational insights into the intricate interplay between microbes and host factors that underlie reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Xiao
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zuo
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ningxia Sun
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Fangqing Zhao
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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4
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Tibbs-Cortes BW, Rahic-Seggerman FM, Schmitz-Esser S, Boggiatto PM, Olsen S, Putz EJ. Fecal and vaginal microbiota of vaccinated and non-vaccinated pregnant elk challenged with Brucella abortus. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1334858. [PMID: 38352039 PMCID: PMC10861794 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1334858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Brucella abortus is the causative agent of brucellosis in cattle and in humans, resulting in economic losses in the agricultural sector and representing a major threat to public health. Elk populations in the American Northwest are reservoirs for this bacterium and transmit the agent to domestic cattle herds. One potential strategy to mitigate the transmission of brucellosis by elk is vaccination of elk populations against B. abortus; however, elk appear to be immunologically distinct from cattle in their responses to current vaccination strategies. The differences in host response to B. abortus between cattle and elk could be attributed to differences between the cattle and elk innate and adaptive immune responses. Because species-specific interactions between the host microbiome and the immune system are also known to affect immunity, we sought to investigate interactions between the elk microbiome and B. abortus infection and vaccination. Methods We analyzed the fecal and vaginal microbial communities of B. abortus-vaccinated and unvaccinated elk which were challenged with B. abortus during the periparturient period. Results We observed that the elk fecal and vaginal microbiota are similar to those of other ruminants, and these microbial communities were affected both by time of sampling and by vaccination status. Notably, we observed that taxa representing ruminant reproductive tract pathogens tended to increase in abundance in the elk vaginal microbiome following parturition. Furthermore, many of these taxa differed significantly in abundance depending on vaccination status, indicating that vaccination against B. abortus affects the elk vaginal microbiota with potential implications for animal reproductive health. Discussion This study is the first to analyze the vaginal microbiota of any species of the genus Cervus and is also the first to assess the effects of B. abortus vaccination and challenge on the vaginal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bienvenido W. Tibbs-Cortes
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Faith M. Rahic-Seggerman
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Stephan Schmitz-Esser
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Paola M. Boggiatto
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Steven Olsen
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ellie J. Putz
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
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Onyango S, Mi JD, Koech A, Okiro P, Temmerman M, von Dadelszen P, Tribe RM, Omuse G. Microbiota dynamics, metabolic and immune interactions in the cervicovaginal environment and their role in spontaneous preterm birth. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1306473. [PMID: 38196946 PMCID: PMC10774218 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1306473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Differences in the cervicovaginal microbiota are associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Although establishing a direct causal link between cervicovaginal microbiota and sPTB remains challenging, recent advancements in sequencing technologies have facilitated the identification of microbial markers potentially linked to sPTB. Despite variations in findings, a recurring observation suggests that sPTB is associated with a more diverse and less stable vaginal microbiota across pregnancy trimesters. It is hypothesized that sPTB risk is likely to be modified via an intricate host-microbe interactions rather than due to the presence of a single microbial taxon or broad community state. Nonetheless, lactobacilli dominance is generally associated with term outcomes and contributes to a healthy vaginal environment through the production of lactic acid/maintenance of a low pH that excludes other pathogenic microorganisms. Additionally, the innate immunity of the host and metabolic interactions between cervicovaginal microbiota, such as the production of bacteriocins and the use of proteolytic enzymes, exerts a profound influence on microbial populations, activities, and host immune responses. These interplays collectively impact pregnancy outcomes. This review aims to summarize the complexity of cervicovaginal environment and microbiota dynamics, and associations with bacterial vaginosis and sPTB. There is also consideration on how probiotics may mitigate the risk of sPTB and bacterial vaginosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Onyango
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
- Centre of Excellence Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jia Dai Mi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Koech
- Centre of Excellence Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Patricia Okiro
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Marleen Temmerman
- Centre of Excellence Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peter von Dadelszen
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel M. Tribe
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey Omuse
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
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6
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Ye J, Qi X. Vaginal microecology and its role in human papillomavirus infection and human papillomavirus associated cervical lesions. APMIS 2023. [PMID: 37941500 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The vaginal microecology comprises the vaginal microbiome, immune microenvironment, vaginal anatomy, and the cervicovaginal fluid, which is rich in metabolites, enzymes, and cytokines. Investigating its role in the female reproductive system holds paramount significance. The advent of next-generation sequencing enabled a more profound investigation into the structure of the vaginal microbial community in relation to the female reproductive system. Human papillomavirus infection is prevalent among women of reproductive age, and persistent oncogenic HPV infection is widely recognized as a factor associated with cervical cancer. Extensive previous research has demonstrated that dysbiosis of vaginal microbiota characterized by a reduction in Lactobacillus species, heightens susceptivity to HPV infection, consequently contributing to persistent HPV infection and the progression of cervical lesion. Likewise, HPV infection can exacerbate dysbiosis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of current literatures and to elucidate potential mechanisms underlying the interaction between vaginal microecology and HPV infection, with the intention of offering valuable insights for future clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatian Ye
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Qi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Costello EK, DiGiulio DB, Robaczewska A, Symul L, Wong RJ, Shaw GM, Stevenson DK, Holmes SP, Kwon DS, Relman DA. Abrupt perturbation and delayed recovery of the vaginal ecosystem following childbirth. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4141. [PMID: 37438386 PMCID: PMC10338445 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The vaginal ecosystem is closely tied to human health and reproductive outcomes, yet its dynamics in the wake of childbirth remain poorly characterized. Here, we profile the vaginal microbiota and cytokine milieu of participants sampled longitudinally throughout pregnancy and for at least one year postpartum. We show that delivery, regardless of mode, is associated with a vaginal pro-inflammatory cytokine response and the loss of Lactobacillus dominance. By contrast, neither the progression of gestation nor the approach of labor strongly altered the vaginal ecosystem. At 9.5-months postpartum-the latest timepoint at which cytokines were assessed-elevated inflammation coincided with vaginal bacterial communities that had remained perturbed (highly diverse) from the time of delivery. Time-to-event analysis indicated a one-year postpartum probability of transitioning to Lactobacillus dominance of 49.4%. As diversity and inflammation declined during the postpartum period, dominance by L. crispatus, the quintessential health-associated commensal, failed to return: its prevalence before, immediately after, and one year after delivery was 41%, 4%, and 9%, respectively. Revisiting our pre-delivery data, we found that a prior live birth was associated with a lower odds of L. crispatus dominance in pregnant participants-an outcome modestly tempered by a longer ( > 18-month) interpregnancy interval. Our results suggest that reproductive history and childbirth in particular remodel the vaginal ecosystem and that the timing and degree of recovery from delivery may help determine the subsequent health of the woman and of future pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Costello
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Daniel B DiGiulio
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Anna Robaczewska
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Laura Symul
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ronald J Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - David K Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Susan P Holmes
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Douglas S Kwon
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - David A Relman
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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8
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Rüttimann C, Nissen-Kratzert A, Mostacci N, Künstle N, Marten A, Gisler A, Bacher K, Yammine S, Steinberg R, Schulzke S, Röösli M, Latzin P, Hilty M, Frey U, Gorlanova O. Antibiotics in pregnancy influence nasal microbiome and respiratory morbidity in infancy. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00225-2023. [PMID: 37650088 PMCID: PMC10463034 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00225-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of prenatal antibiotic exposure on respiratory morbidity in infancy and the involved mechanisms are still poorly understood. We aimed to examine whether prenatal antibiotic exposure in the third trimester is associated with nasal microbiome and respiratory morbidity in infancy and at school age, and whether this association with respiratory morbidity is mediated by the nasal microbiome. Methods We performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing (regions V3-V4) on nasal swabs obtained from 296 healthy term infants from the prospective Basel-Bern birth cohort (BILD) at age 4-6 weeks. Information about antibiotic exposure was derived from birth records and standardised interviews. Respiratory symptoms were assessed by weekly telephone interviews in the first year of life and a clinical visit at age 6 years. Structural equation modelling was used to test direct and indirect associations accounting for known risk factors. Results α-Diversity indices were lower in infants with antibiotic exposure compared to nonexposed infants (e.g. Shannon index p-value 0.006). Prenatal antibiotic exposure was also associated with a higher risk of any, as well as severe, respiratory symptoms in the first year of life (risk ratio 1.38, 95% CI 1.03-1.84; adjusted p-value (padj)=0.032 and risk ratio 1.75, 95% CI 1.02-2.97; padj=0.041, respectively), but not with wheeze or atopy in childhood. However, we found no indirect mediating effect of nasal microbiome explaining these clinical symptoms. Conclusion Prenatal antibiotic exposure was associated with lower diversity of nasal microbiome in infancy and, independently of microbiome, with respiratory morbidity in infancy, but not with symptoms later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Rüttimann
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Annika Nissen-Kratzert
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Mostacci
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Noëmi Künstle
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Marten
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Gisler
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Bacher
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Yammine
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Steinberg
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sven Schulzke
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Latzin
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Hilty
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Frey
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Shared senior authorship
| | - Olga Gorlanova
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Shared senior authorship
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9
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Baud A, Hillion KH, Plainvert C, Tessier V, Tazi A, Mandelbrot L, Poyart C, Kennedy SP. Microbial diversity in the vaginal microbiota and its link to pregnancy outcomes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9061. [PMID: 37271782 PMCID: PMC10239749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36126-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The vaginal microbiota refers to the microorganisms that reside in the vagina. These microorganisms contribute significantly to a woman's reproductive and general health. A healthy vaginal microbiota is typically a low-diversity environment with a predominance of lactic acid-producing Lactobacillus species. Factors such as antibiotic use, sexual activity, and hormonal changes can disrupt the balance of the vaginal microbiota, leading to conditions such as bacterial vaginosis. The composition of the vaginal microbiota changes and takes on added importance during pregnancy, serving as a barrier against infection for both mother and fetus. Despite the importance of the microorganisms that colonize the vagina, details of how changes in composition and diversity can impact pregnancy outcomes is poorly understood. This is especially true for woman with a high prevalence of Gardnerella vaginalis. Here we report on a diverse cohort of 749 women, enrolled in the InSPIRe cohort, during their final trimester of pregnancy. We show that Lactobacilli, including L. crispatus are important in maintaining low diversity, and that depletion in this critical community is linked with preterm delivery. We further demonstrate that it is overall diversity of the vaginal microbiota, not specific species, which provides the best indicator of risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Baud
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Département de biologie computationnelle, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Kenzo-Hugo Hillion
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Département de biologie computationnelle, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Céline Plainvert
- AP-HP Centre-Université Paris Cité, FHU PREMA, Centre national de référence des streptocoques, Paris, France
| | | | - Asmaa Tazi
- AP-HP Centre-Université Paris Cité, FHU PREMA, Centre national de référence des streptocoques, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Mandelbrot
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Hôpital Louis Mourier, AP-HP, Université de PARIS, IAME INSERM U1137, Paris, France
| | - Claire Poyart
- AP-HP Centre-Université Paris Cité, FHU PREMA, Centre national de référence des streptocoques, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM, Institut Cochin 1016, Paris, France
| | - Sean P Kennedy
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Département de biologie computationnelle, F-75015, Paris, France.
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Mady EA, Doghish AS, El-Dakroury WA, Elkhawaga SY, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elsakka EGE, El-Husseiny HM. Impact of the mother's gut microbiota on infant microbiome and brain development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 150:105195. [PMID: 37100161 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The link between the gut microbiome and health has recently garnered considerable interest in its employment for medicinal purposes. Since the early microbiota exhibits more flexibility compared to that of adults, there is a considerable possibility that altering it will have significant consequences on human development. Like genetics, the human microbiota can be passed from mother to child. This provides information on early microbiota acquisition, future development, and prospective chances for intervention. The succession and acquisition of early-life microbiota, modifications of the maternal microbiota during pregnancy, delivery, and infancy, and new efforts to understand maternal-infant microbiota transmission are discussed in this article. We also examine the shaping of mother-to-infant microbial transmission, and we then explore possible paths for future research to advance our knowledge in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Mady
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya,13736, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and industrial pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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11
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Lee CY, Dillard LR, Papin JA, Arnold KB. New perspectives into the vaginal microbiome with systems biology. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:356-368. [PMID: 36272885 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The vaginal microbiome (VMB) is critical to female reproductive health; however, the mechanisms associated with optimal and non-optimal states remain poorly understood due to the complex community structure and dynamic nature. Quantitative systems biology techniques applied to the VMB have improved understanding of community composition and function using primarily statistical methods. In contrast, fewer mechanistic models that use a priori knowledge of VMB features to develop predictive models have been implemented despite their use for microbiomes at other sites, including the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we explore systems biology approaches that have been applied in the VMB, highlighting successful techniques and discussing new directions that hold promise for improving understanding of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Y Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lillian R Dillard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jason A Papin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kelly B Arnold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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12
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Bogaert D, van Beveren GJ, de Koff EM, Lusarreta Parga P, Balcazar Lopez CE, Koppensteiner L, Clerc M, Hasrat R, Arp K, Chu MLJN, de Groot PCM, Sanders EAM, van Houten MA, de Steenhuijsen Piters WAA. Mother-to-infant microbiota transmission and infant microbiota development across multiple body sites. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:447-460.e6. [PMID: 36893737 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Early-life microbiota seeding and subsequent development is crucial to future health. Cesarean-section (CS) birth, as opposed to vaginal delivery, affects early mother-to-infant transmission of microbes. Here, we assess mother-to-infant microbiota seeding and early-life microbiota development across six maternal and four infant niches over the first 30 days of life in 120 mother-infant pairs. Across all infants, we estimate that on average 58.5% of the infant microbiota composition can be attributed to any of the maternal source communities. All maternal source communities seed multiple infant niches. We identify shared and niche-specific host/environmental factors shaping the infant microbiota. In CS-born infants, we report reduced seeding of infant fecal microbiota by maternal fecal microbes, whereas colonization with breastmilk microbiota is increased when compared with vaginally born infants. Therefore, our data suggest auxiliary routes of mother-to-infant microbial seeding, which may compensate for one another, ensuring that essential microbes/microbial functions are transferred irrespective of disrupted transmission routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debby Bogaert
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Gina J van Beveren
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Emma M de Koff
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Paula Lusarreta Parga
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carlos E Balcazar Lopez
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lilian Koppensteiner
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK
| | - Melanie Clerc
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK
| | - Raiza Hasrat
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Kayleigh Arp
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Mei Ling J N Chu
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter C M de Groot
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Spaarne Gasthuis, 2035 RC Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth A M Sanders
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wouter A A de Steenhuijsen Piters
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
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13
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Das S, Bhattacharjee MJ, Mukherjee AK, Khan MR. Recent advances in understanding of multifaceted changes in the vaginal microenvironment: implications in vaginal health and therapeutics. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:256-282. [PMID: 35312419 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2049696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The vagina endures multifaceted changes from neonatal to menopausal phases due to hormonal flux, metabolite deposition, and microbial colonization. These features have important implications in women's health. Several pre-factors show dynamic characteristics according to the phases that shift the vaginal microbiota from anaerobes to aerobes which is a hallmark of healthy vaginal environment. These factors include oestrogen levels, glycogen deposition, and vaginal microstructure. In the adult phase, Lactobacillus is highly dominant and regulates pH, adherence, aggregation, immune modulation, synthesis of bacteriocins, and biosurfactants (BSs) which are antagonistic to pathogens. Maternal factors are protective by favouring the colonization of lactobacilli in the vagina in the neonatal phase, which diminishes with age. The dominance of lactobacilli and dysbiosis in the adult phase depends on intrinsic and extrinsic factors in women, which vary between ethnicities. Recent developments in probiotics used against vaginal microbiome dysbiosis have shown great promise in restoring the normal microbiota including preventing the loss of beneficial bacteria. However, further in-depth studies are warranted to ensure long-term protection by probiotics. This review highlights various aspects of the vaginal microenvironment in different phases of growth and diverse ethnicities. Furthermore, it discusses future trends for formulating more effective population-specific probiotics and implications of paraprobiotics and postbiotics as effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Das
- Division of Life Science, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
| | | | - Ashis K Mukherjee
- Division of Life Science, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India
| | - Mojibur Rohman Khan
- Division of Life Science, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
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14
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Bisgaard H, Chawes B, Stokholm J, Mikkelsen M, Schoos AMM, Bønnelykke K. 25 Years of translational research in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:619-633. [PMID: 36642652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC) mother-child cohorts have provided a foundation of 25 years of research on the origins, prevention, and natural history of childhood asthma and related disorders. COPSAC's approach is characterized by clinical translational research with longitudinal deep phenotyping and exposure assessments from pregnancy, in combination with multi-omic data layers and embedded randomized controlled trials. One trial showed that fish oil supplementation during pregnancy prevented childhood asthma and identified pregnant women with the highest benefits from supplementation, thereby creating the potential for personalized prevention. COPSAC revealed that airway colonization with pathogenic bacteria in early life is associated with an increased risk of asthma. Further, airway bacteria were shown to be a trigger of acute asthma-like symptoms, with benefit from antibiotic treatment. COPSAC identified an immature gut microbiome in early life as a risk factor for asthma and allergy and further demonstrated that asthma can be predicted by infant lung function. At a molecular level, COPSAC has identified novel susceptibility genes, early immune deviations, and metabolomic alterations associated with childhood asthma. Thus, the COPSAC research program has enhanced our understanding of the processes causing childhood asthma and has suggested means of personalized prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Bisgaard
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Chawes
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Marianne Mikkelsen
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann-Marie Malby Schoos
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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15
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Papotto PH, Yilmaz B, Pimenta G, Mensurado S, Cunha C, Fiala GJ, Gomes da Costa D, Gonçalves-Sousa N, Chan BHK, Blankenhaus B, Domingues RG, Carvalho T, Hepworth MR, Macpherson AJ, Allen JE, Silva-Santos B. Maternal γδ T cells shape offspring pulmonary type 2 immunity in a microbiota-dependent manner. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112074. [PMID: 36787741 PMCID: PMC7615642 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune development is profoundly influenced by vertically transferred cues. However, little is known about how maternal innate-like lymphocytes regulate offspring immunity. Here, we show that mice born from γδ T cell-deficient (TCRδ-/-) dams display an increase in first-breath-induced inflammation, with a pulmonary milieu selectively enriched in type 2 cytokines and type 2-polarized immune cells, when compared with the progeny of γδ T cell-sufficient dams. Upon helminth infection, mice born from TCRδ-/- dams sustain an increased type 2 inflammatory response. This is independent of the genotype of the pups. Instead, the offspring of TCRδ-/- dams harbors a distinct intestinal microbiota, acquired during birth and fostering, and decreased levels of intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as pentanoate and hexanoate. Importantly, exogenous SCFA supplementation inhibits type 2 innate lymphoid cell function and suppresses first-breath- and infection-induced inflammation. Taken together, our findings unravel a maternal γδ T cell-microbiota-SCFA axis regulating neonatal lung immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Papotto
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology & Infection, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Bahtiyar Yilmaz
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gonçalo Pimenta
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia Mensurado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carolina Cunha
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gina J Fiala
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniel Gomes da Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Natacha Gonçalves-Sousa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Brian H K Chan
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology & Infection, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Birte Blankenhaus
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita G Domingues
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology & Infection, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tânia Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology & Infection, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew J Macpherson
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Judith E Allen
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology & Infection, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Bruno Silva-Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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16
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Interaction between Microbes and Host in Sow Vaginas in Early Pregnancy. mSystems 2023; 8:e0119222. [PMID: 36749039 PMCID: PMC10134864 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01192-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has explored the causes of embryo losses during early pregnancy by analyzing interaction mechanisms in sows' uterus, ignoring the importance of the lower reproductive tract in pregnancy development regulation. Despite recent progress in understanding the diversity of vaginal microbes under different physiological states, the dynamic of sows' vaginal microbiotas during pregnancy and the interaction between vaginal microbes and the host are poorly understood. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of sows' vaginal microbial communities in early pregnancy coupled with overall patterns of vaginal mucosal epithelium gene expression. The vaginal microbiota was analyzed by 16s rRNA or metagenome sequencing, and the vaginal mucosal epithelium transcriptome was analyzed by RNA sequencing, followed by integration of the data layers. We found that the sows' vaginal microbiotas in early pregnancy develop dynamically, and there is a homeostasis balance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Subsequently, we identified two pregnancy-specific communities, which play diverse roles. The microbes in the vagina stimulate the epithelial cells, while vaginal epithelium changes its structure and functions in response to stimulation. These changes produce specific inflammation responses to promote pregnancy development. Our findings demonstrate the interaction between microbes and host in the sow vagina in early pregnancy to promote pregnancy development, meanwhile providing a reference data set for the study of targeted therapies of microbial homeostasis dysregulation in the female reproductive tract. IMPORTANCE This work sheds light on the dynamics of the sow vaginal microbiotas in early pregnancy and its roles in pregnancy development. Furthermore, this study provides insight into the functional mechanisms of reproductive tract microbes by outlining vaginal microbe-host interactions, which might identify new research and intervention targets for improving pregnancy development by modulating lower reproductive tract microbiota.
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17
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Zeng S, Wang S, Ross RP, Stanton C. The road not taken: host genetics in shaping intergenerational microbiomes. Trends Genet 2022; 38:1180-1192. [PMID: 35773025 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The early-life gut microbiome is linked to human phenotypes as an imbalanced microbiome of this period is implicated in diseases throughout life. Several determinants of early-life gut microbiome are explored, however, mechanisms of acquisition, colonization, and stability of early-life gut microbiome and their interindividual variability remain elusive. Host genetics play a vital role to shape the gut microbiome and interact with it to modulate individual phenotypes in human studies and animal models. Given the microbial linkage between host generations, we discuss the current state of roles of host genetics in forming intergenerational microbiomes associated with mothers, offspring, and those vertically transmitted, providing a basis for taking into account host genetics in future early-life microbiome research. We further expand our discussion to the bidirectional interactions between host gene expression and microbiome in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YT20, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland
| | - Shaopu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YT20, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland.
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YT20, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland
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18
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Greenwood EC, Torok VA, van Wettere WHEJ. Characterizing the vaginal microbiota of high and low producing Poll Merino and White Suffolk ewes. Transl Anim Sci 2022; 6:txac133. [PMID: 36324437 PMCID: PMC9616124 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txac133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a substantial, and growing, body of research focused on manipulating gastrointestinal microbes to affect health and production. However, the maternal vaginal microbiota and its effects on neonatal inoculation and lifetime production have received little attention. We aimed to characterize the vaginal microbes of domesticated sheep to determine whether they differ across sheep breeds with differing meat and wool growth potentials and to determine a link between vaginal microbes and high and low producing animals. A flock of White Suffolk (n = 136) and Poll Merino (n = 210) ewes were sorted by the Australian Sheep Breeding Values (ASBV), for yearling fleece weight in the Merino and by post-weaning weight in the Suffolk ewes. The top and bottom ASBV sheep were selected for sampling and the resulting treatment groups were; High Suffolk (n = 12), Low Suffolk (n = 12), High Merino (n = 12), and Low Merino (n = 12) ewes. A double guarded culture swab was used to sample from the surface of the vaginal epithelium. Diversity profiling analysis of vaginal bacterial communities was conducted using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Breed and ASBV group differences in bacterial communities were tested. Within breed, there were no significant differences in ewe vaginal bacterial communities associated with ewe production parameters; however, there was a significant difference in ewe vaginal bacterial communities between breeds. We have been able to characterize the normal vaginal microbiota of nonpregnant ewes and demonstrate a rich microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Greenwood
- Davies Livestock Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia
| | - Valeria A Torok
- Davies Livestock Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia
- South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Food Sciences, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - William H E J van Wettere
- Davies Livestock Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia
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19
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Vargas M, Yañez F, Elias A, Bernabeu A, Goya M, Xie Z, Farrás A, Sánchez O, Soler Z, Blasquez C, Valle L, Olivella A, Muñoz B, Brik M, Carreras E, Manichanh C. Cervical pessary and cerclage placement for preterm birth prevention and cervicovaginal microbiome changes. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2022; 101:1403-1413. [PMID: 36168933 PMCID: PMC9812209 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objective was to compare the vaginal microbiome in low-risk and high-risk pregnant women and to explore a potential association between vaginal microbiome and preterm birth. MATERIAL AND METHODS A pilot, consecutive, longitudinal, multicenter study was conducted in pregnant women at 18-22 weeks of gestation. Participants were assigned to one of three groups: control (normal cervix), pessary (cervical length ≤25 mm) and cerclage (cervical length ≤25 mm or history of preterm birth). Analysis and comparison of vaginal microbiota as a primary outcome was performed at inclusion and at 30 weeks of gestation, along with a follow-up of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. We assessed the vaginal microbiome of pregnant women presenting a short cervix with that of pregnant women having a normal cervix, and compared the vaginal microbiome of women with a short cervix before and after placement of a cervical pessary or a cervical cerclage. RESULTS The microbiome of our control cohort was dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus and inners. Five community state types were identified and microbiome diversity did not change significantly over 10 weeks in controls. On the other hand, a short cervix was associated with a lower microbial load and higher microbial richness, and was not correlated with Lactobacillus relative abundance. After intervention, the cerclage group (n = 19) had a significant increase in microbial richness and a shift towards community state types driven by various bacterial species, including Lactobacillus mulieris, unidentified Bifidobacterium or Enterococcus. These changes were not significantly observed in the pessary (n = 26) and control (n = 35) groups. The cerclage group had more threatened preterm labor episodes and poorer outcomes than the control and pessary groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that a short cervix is associated with an altered vaginal microbiome community structure. The use of a cerclage for preterm birth prevention, as compared with a pessary, was associated with a microbial community harboring a relatively low abundance of Lactobacillus, with more threatened preterm labor episodes, and with poorer clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Vargas
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal‐Fetal Medicine UnitHospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Francisca Yañez
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network (SAMID)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Andrea Elias
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network (SAMID)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Andrea Bernabeu
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal‐Fetal Medicine UnitHospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Department of Reproductive MedicineInstituto BernabeuAlicanteSpain
| | - Maria Goya
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal‐Fetal Medicine UnitHospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Microbiome LabHospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD); Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsSpain
| | - Zixuan Xie
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network (SAMID)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Alba Farrás
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal‐Fetal Medicine UnitHospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Olga Sánchez
- Microbiome LabHospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD); Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsSpain,Women and Perinatal Health Research GroupInstitut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Sant Pau (IIB‐Sant Pau). Hospital Universitari de Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Zaida Soler
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network (SAMID)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Carlos Blasquez
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network (SAMID)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Leonor Valle
- Maternal‐Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of ObstetricsHospital Universitario Materno‐Infantil de CanariasLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Anna Olivella
- Department of ObstetricsHospital de Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Begoña Muñoz
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyHospital Universitari Sant Joan de ReusReusSpain
| | - Maia Brik
- Department of ObstetricsHospital Universitario de Torrejón, Universidad Francisco de VitoriaMadridSpain
| | - Elena Carreras
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal‐Fetal Medicine UnitHospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Microbiome LabHospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD); Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsSpain
| | - Chaysavanh Manichanh
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network (SAMID)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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20
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Kervinen K, Holster T, Saqib S, Virtanen S, Stefanovic V, Rahkonen L, Nieminen P, Salonen A, Kalliala I. Parity and gestational age are associated with vaginal microbiota composition in term and late term pregnancies. EBioMedicine 2022; 81:104107. [PMID: 35759916 PMCID: PMC9250009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaginal microbiota and its potential contribution to preterm birth is under intense research. However, only few studies have investigated the vaginal microbiota in later stages of pregnancy or at the onset of labour. Methods We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to analyse cross-sectional vaginal swab samples from 324 Finnish women between 37–42 weeks of gestation, sampled before elective caesarean section, at the onset of spontaneous labour, and in pregnancies lasting ≥41 weeks of gestation. Microbiota data were combined with comprehensive clinical data to identify factors associated with microbiota variation. Findings Vaginal microbiota composition associated strongly with advancing gestational age and parity, i.e. presence of previous deliveries. Absence of previous deliveries was a strong predictor of Lactobacillus crispatus dominated vaginal microbiota, and the relative abundance of L. crispatus was higher in late term pregnancies, especially among nulliparous women. Interpretation This study identified late term pregnancy and reproductive history as factors underlying high abundance of gynaecological health-associated L. crispatus in pregnant women. Our results suggest that the vaginal microbiota affects or reflects the regulation of the duration of gestation and labour onset, with potentially vast clinical utilities. Further studies are needed to address the causality and the mechanisms on how previous labour, but not pregnancy, affects the vaginal microbiota. Parity and gestational age should be accounted for in future studies on vaginal microbiota and reproductive outcomes. Funding This research was supported by EU H2020 programme Sweet Crosstalk ITN (814102), Academy of Finland, State Research Funding, and University of Helsinki.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Kervinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Holster
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Schahzad Saqib
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Virtanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vedran Stefanovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena Rahkonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Nieminen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Ilkka Kalliala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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21
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Ruotsalainen AL, Tejesvi MV, Vänni P, Suokas M, Tossavainen P, Pirttilä AM, Talvensaari-Mattila A, Nissi R. Child type 1 diabetes associated with mother vaginal bacteriome and mycobiome. Med Microbiol Immunol 2022; 211:185-194. [PMID: 35701558 PMCID: PMC9304052 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-022-00741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Mother vaginal microbes contribute to microbiome of vaginally delivered neonates. Child microbiome can be associated with autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). We collected vaginal DNA samples from 25 mothers with a vaginally delivered child diagnosed with T1D and samples from 24 control mothers who had vaginally delivered a healthy child and analyzed bacteriome and mycobiome of the samples. The total DNA of the samples was extracted, and ribosomal DNA regions (16S for bacteria, ITS2 for fungi) were amplified, followed by next-generation sequencing and machine learning. We found that alpha-diversity of bacteriome was increased (P < 0.002), whereas alpha-diversity of mycobiome was decreased (P < 0.001) in mothers with a diabetic child compared to the control mothers. Beta-diversity analysis suggested differences in mycobiomes between the mother groups (P = 0.001). Random forest models were able to effectively predict diabetes and control status of unknown samples (bacteria: 0.86 AUC, fungi: 0.96 AUC). Our data indicate several fungal genera and bacterial metabolic pathways of mother vaginal microbiome to be associated with child T1D. We suggest that early onset of T1D in a child has a relationship with altered mother vaginal microbiome and that both bacteriome and mycobiome contribute to this shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Ruotsalainen
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, POB 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - M V Tejesvi
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, POB 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Genobiomics LLC, Oulu, Finland
| | - P Vänni
- Genobiomics LLC, Oulu, Finland
| | - M Suokas
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, POB 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu Sequencing Center, University of Oulu, POB 8000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - P Tossavainen
- Department of Pediatrics, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, PO Box 23, 90029 OYS, Oulu, Finland
| | - A M Pirttilä
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, POB 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - A Talvensaari-Mattila
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, PL 23, FI90029, Oulu, Finland
| | - R Nissi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, PL 23, FI90029, Oulu, Finland
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22
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Severgnini M, Morselli S, Camboni T, Ceccarani C, Laghi L, Zagonari S, Patuelli G, Pedna MF, Sambri V, Foschi C, Consolandi C, Marangoni A. A Deep Look at the Vaginal Environment During Pregnancy and Puerperium. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:838405. [PMID: 35656029 PMCID: PMC9152327 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.838405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A deep comprehension of the vaginal ecosystem may hold promise for unraveling the pathophysiology of pregnancy and may provide novel biomarkers to identify subjects at risk of maternal-fetal complications. In this prospective study, we assessed the characteristics of the vaginal environment in a cohort of pregnant women throughout their different gestational ages and puerperium. Both the vaginal bacterial composition and the vaginal metabolic profiles were analyzed. A total of 63 Caucasian women with a successful pregnancy and 9 subjects who had a first trimester miscarriage were enrolled. For the study, obstetric examinations were scheduled along the three trimester phases (9-13, 20-24, 32-34 gestation weeks) and puerperium (40-55 days after delivery). Two vaginal swabs were collected at each time point, to assess the vaginal microbiome profiling (by Nugent score and 16S rRNA gene sequencing) and the vaginal metabolic composition (1H-NMR spectroscopy). During pregnancy, the vaginal microbiome underwent marked changes, with a significant decrease in overall diversity, and increased stability. Over time, we found a significant increase of Lactobacillus and a decrease of several genera related to bacterial vaginosis (BV), such as Prevotella, Atopobium and Sneathia. It is worth noting that the levels of Bifidobacterium spp. tended to decrease at the end of pregnancy. At the puerperium, a significantly lower content of Lactobacillus and higher levels of Gardnerella, Prevotella, Atopobium, and Streptococcus were observed. Women receiving an intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) were characterized by a vaginal abundance of Prevotella compared to untreated women. Analysis of bacterial relative abundances highlighted an increased abundance of Fusobacterium in women suffering a first trimester abortion, at all taxonomic levels. Lactobacillus abundance was strongly correlated with higher levels of lactate, sarcosine, and many amino acids (i.e., isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, valine, threonine, tryptophan). Conversely, BV-associated genera, such as Gardnerella, Atopobium, and Sneathia, were related to amines (e.g., putrescine, methylamine), formate, acetate, alcohols, and short-chain fatty-acids (i.e., butyrate, propionate).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Severgnini
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies – National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Morselli
- Microbiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tania Camboni
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies – National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Ceccarani
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies – National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Laghi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Vittorio Sambri
- Microbiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Microbiology, Greater Romagna Hub Laboratory, Cesena, Italy
| | - Claudio Foschi
- Microbiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Clarissa Consolandi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies – National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Marangoni
- Microbiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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23
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van Best N, Dominguez-Bello MG, Hornef MW, Jašarević E, Korpela K, Lawley TD. Should we modulate the neonatal microbiome and what should be the goal? MICROBIOME 2022; 10:74. [PMID: 35538552 PMCID: PMC9087991 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01281-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels van Best
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello
- Departments of Biochemistry and Microbiology and of Anthropology, and Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Mathias W Hornef
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Eldin Jašarević
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - Katri Korpela
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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24
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Houttu N, Mokkala K, Saleem WT, Virtanen S, Juhila J, Koivuniemi E, Pellonperä O, Tertti K, Luokola P, Sorsa T, Salonen A, Lahti L, Laitinen K. Potential pathobionts in vaginal microbiota are affected by fish oil and/or probiotics intervention in overweight and obese pregnant women. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112841. [PMID: 35344737 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
New means to stabilize the microbial balance during pregnancy could benefit maternal health. Our objectives were to investigate in overweight/obese pregnant women 1) the impact of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (fish oil) and/or probiotics on the vaginal microbiota, 2) its relation to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 3) its interaction with vaginal active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) and serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (phIGFBP-1), IGFBP-1 and aMMP-8. The women were allocated to fish oil + placebo, probiotics + placebo, fish oil + probiotics and placebo + placebo-groups, from early pregnancy onwards (fish oil: 1.9 g docosahexaenoic acid and 0.22 g eicosapentaenoic acid; probiotics: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 (formerly Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001) and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis 420, 1010 colony-forming units each). Vaginal and serum samples (early pregnancy, n = 112; late pregnancy, n = 116), were analyzed for vaginal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and vaginal aMMP-8 and serum hsCRP, aMMP-8, phIGFBP-1 and IGFBP-1 by immunoassays. GDM was diagnosed from a 2-h 75 g OGTT. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01922791. The intervention exerted effects on many low-abundant bacteria. Compared to the placebo-group, there was a lower abundance of potential pathobionts, namely Ureaplasma urealyticum in the fish oil-group, Ureaplasma, U. urealyticum and Prevotella disiens in the probiotics-group, Dialister invisus and Prevotella timonensis in the fish oil + probiotics-group. Moreover, probiotics decreased the abundance of a few potential pathobionts during pregnancy. Many bacteria were related to GDM. The vaginal aMMP-8 level correlated significantly with α-diversity and inversely with two Lactobacillus species. Dietary interventions, especially probiotics, may have beneficial effects on the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Houttu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Kati Mokkala
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Wisam Tariq Saleem
- Department of Computing, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Seppo Virtanen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ella Koivuniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Outi Pellonperä
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kristiina Tertti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Oral Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Laitinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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25
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Bozzetti V, Senger S. Organoid technologies for the study of intestinal microbiota–host interactions. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:290-303. [PMID: 35232671 PMCID: PMC8957533 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Postbiotics have recently emerged as critical effectors of the activity of probiotics and, because of their safety profile, they are considered potential therapeutics for the treatment of fragile patients. Here, we present recent studies on probiotics and postbiotics in the context of novel discovery tools, such as organoids and organoid-based platforms, and nontransformed preclinical models, that can be generated from intestinal stem cells. The implementation of organoid-related techniques is the next gold standard for unraveling the effect of microbial communities on homeostasis, inflammation, idiopathic diseases, and cancer in the gut. We also summarize recent studies on biotics in organoid-based models and offer our perspective on future directions.
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26
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Olarini A, Ernst M, Gürdeniz G, Kim M, Brustad N, Bønnelykke K, Cohen A, Hougaard D, Lasky-Su J, Bisgaard H, Chawes B, Rasmussen MA. Vertical Transfer of Metabolites Detectable from Newborn's Dried Blood Spot Samples Using UPLC-MS: A Chemometric Study. Metabolites 2022; 12:94. [PMID: 35208170 PMCID: PMC8879569 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The pregnancy period and first days of a newborn's life is an important time window to ensure a healthy development of the baby. This is also the time when the mother and her baby are exposed to the same environmental conditions and intake of nutrients, which can be determined by assessing the blood metabolome. For this purpose, dried blood spots (DBS) of newborns are a valuable sampling technique to characterize what happens during this important mother-child time window. We used metabolomics profiles from DBS of newborns (age 2-3 days) and maternal plasma samples at gestation week 24 and postpartum week 1 from n=664 mother-child pairs of the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 (COPSAC2010) cohort, to study the vertical mother-child transfer of metabolites. Further, we investigated how persistent the metabolites are from the newborn and up to 6 months, 18 months, and 6 years of age. Two hundred seventy two metabolites from UPLC-MS (Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis of DBS and maternal plasma were analyzed using correlation analysis. A total of 11 metabolites exhibited evidence of transfer (R>0.3), including tryptophan betaine, ergothioneine, cotinine, theobromine, paraxanthine, and N6-methyllysine. Of these, 7 were also found to show persistence in their levels in the child from birth to age 6 years. In conclusion, this study documents vertical transfer of environmental and food-derived metabolites from mother to child and tracking of those metabolites through childhood, which may be of importance for the child's later health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Olarini
- Section of Chemometrics and Analytical Technologies, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
| | - Madeleine Ernst
- Section for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Congenital Disorders, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.E.); (A.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- COPSAC—Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; (G.G.); (M.K.); (N.B.); (K.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Min Kim
- COPSAC—Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; (G.G.); (M.K.); (N.B.); (K.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Nicklas Brustad
- COPSAC—Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; (G.G.); (M.K.); (N.B.); (K.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC—Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; (G.G.); (M.K.); (N.B.); (K.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Arieh Cohen
- Section for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Congenital Disorders, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.E.); (A.C.); (D.H.)
| | - David Hougaard
- Section for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Congenital Disorders, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.E.); (A.C.); (D.H.)
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC—Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; (G.G.); (M.K.); (N.B.); (K.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Bo Chawes
- COPSAC—Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; (G.G.); (M.K.); (N.B.); (K.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Morten Arendt Rasmussen
- Section of Chemometrics and Analytical Technologies, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
- COPSAC—Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; (G.G.); (M.K.); (N.B.); (K.B.); (H.B.)
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27
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Wang S, Zeng S, Egan M, Cherry P, Strain C, Morais E, Boyaval P, Ryan CA, Dempsey E, Ross RP, Stanton C. Metagenomic analysis of mother-infant gut microbiome reveals global distinct and shared microbial signatures. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-24. [PMID: 33960282 PMCID: PMC8115609 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1911571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates maternal microbiota as one major reservoir for pioneering microbes in infants. However, the global distinct and identical features of mother-infant gut microbiota at various taxonomic resolutions and metabolic functions across cohorts and potential of infant microbial prediction based on their paired mother's gut microbiota remain unclear. Here, we analyzed 376 mother-infant dyads (468 mother and 1024 infant samples) of eight studies from six countries and observed higher diversity at species and strain levels in maternal gut microbiota but not their metabolic functions. A number of 290 species were shared in at least one mother-infant dyad, with 26 species (five at strain level) observed across cohorts. The profile of mother-infant shared species and strains was further influenced by delivery mode and feeding regimen. The mother-sourced species in infants exhibited similar strain heterogeneity but more metabolic functions compared to other-sourced species, suggesting the comparable stability and fitness of shared and non-shared species and the potential role of shared species in the early gut microbial community, respectively. Predictive models showed moderate performance accuracy for shared species and strains occurrences in infants. These generalized mother-infant shared species and strains may be considered as the primary targets for future work toward infant microbiome development and probiotics exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopu Wang
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Shuqin Zeng
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Muireann Egan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul Cherry
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Conall Strain
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Emilene Morais
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | | | - C. Anthony Ryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eugene Dempsey
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,INFANT Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R. Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland,CONTACT Catherine Stanton APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
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28
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Qi C, Zhou J, Tu H, Tu R, Chang H, Chen J, Li D, Sun J, Yu R. Lactation-dependent vertical transmission of natural probiotics from the mother to the infant gut through breast milk. Food Funct 2021; 13:304-315. [PMID: 34889924 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03131g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The transmission of certain bacteria from the mother's gut to the infant's gut via breast milk (BM) is critical for the offspring's immune system development. Dysbiosis of the BM microbiota can be caused by a variety of reasons, which can be influenced by probiotics delivered via the enteromammary route. The goal of this study was to investigate the bacteria that can be transmitted from the mother to the infant's intestine during various lactation periods in 19 mother-child dyads. Bacterial transmission is most common during the colostrum phase when bacteria with certain amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) enter the newborn intestine and inhabit it permanently. We have established that anaerobic gut-associated bacteria, such as Faecalibacterium, Blautia and Lachnoclostridium, transfer from the mother to the infant's gut with lactation dependence using the idea of weighted transfer ratios. Streptococcus salivarius, Bifidobacterium longum, and Lactobacillus gasseri are transferred from the maternal gut to the BM, as well as from the BM to the newborn gut, depending on different ASVs. These findings suggest that isolation of key microorganisms from breast milk could be utilized to modify the microbiota of BM or newborns by giving the mother a probiotic or adding it to artificial milk to promote neonatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Qi
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Jingbo Zhou
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Huayu Tu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Rundan Tu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Nephrology and Rheumatism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Jin Sun
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Renqiang Yu
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, PR China. E-mail:.
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29
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Vaginal microbiome topic modeling of laboring Ugandan women with and without fever. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2021; 7:75. [PMID: 34508087 PMCID: PMC8433417 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition of the maternal vaginal microbiome influences the duration of pregnancy, onset of labor, and even neonatal outcomes. Maternal microbiome research in sub-Saharan Africa has focused on non-pregnant and postpartum composition of the vaginal microbiome. Here we aimed to illustrate the relationship between the vaginal microbiome of 99 laboring Ugandan women and intrapartum fever using routine microbiology and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing from two hypervariable regions (V1–V2 and V3–V4). To describe the vaginal microbes associated with vaginal microbial communities, we pursued two approaches: hierarchical clustering methods and a novel Grades of Membership (GoM) modeling approach for vaginal microbiome characterization. Leveraging GoM models, we created a basis composed of a preassigned number of microbial topics whose linear combination optimally represents each patient yielding more comprehensive associations and characterization between maternal clinical features and the microbial communities. Using a random forest model, we showed that by including microbial topic models we improved upon clinical variables to predict maternal fever. Overall, we found a higher prevalence of Granulicatella, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Anaerococcus, Sneathia, Clostridium, Gemella, Mobiluncus, and Veillonella genera in febrile mothers, and higher prevalence of Lactobacillus genera (in particular L. crispatus and L. jensenii), Acinobacter, Aerococcus, and Prevotella species in afebrile mothers. By including clinical variables with microbial topics in this model, we observed young maternal age, fever reported earlier in the pregnancy, longer labor duration, and microbial communities with reduced Lactobacillus diversity were associated with intrapartum fever. These results better defined relationships between the presence or absence of intrapartum fever, demographics, peripartum course, and vaginal microbial topics, and expanded our understanding of the impact of the microbiome on maternal and potentially neonatal outcome risk.
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30
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Bhagirath AY, Medapati MR, de Jesus VC, Yadav S, Hinton M, Dakshinamurti S, Atukorallaya D. Role of Maternal Infections and Inflammatory Responses on Craniofacial Development. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2021; 2:735634. [PMID: 35048051 PMCID: PMC8757860 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.735634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a tightly regulated immunological state. Mild environmental perturbations can affect the developing fetus significantly. Infections can elicit severe immunological cascades in the mother's body as well as the developing fetus. Maternal infections and resulting inflammatory responses can mediate epigenetic changes in the fetal genome, depending on the developmental stage. The craniofacial development begins at the early stages of embryogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the immunology of pregnancy and its responsive mechanisms on maternal infections. Further, we will also discuss the epigenetic effects of pathogens, their metabolites and resulting inflammatory responses on the fetus with a special focus on craniofacial development. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of infections and dysregulated inflammatory responses during prenatal development could provide better insights into the origins of craniofacial birth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Y. Bhagirath
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Manoj Reddy Medapati
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Vivianne Cruz de Jesus
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sneha Yadav
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
| | - Martha Hinton
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shyamala Dakshinamurti
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Devi Atukorallaya
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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31
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Naturalization of the microbiota developmental trajectory of Cesarean-born neonates after vaginal seeding. MED 2021; 2:951-964.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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32
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Gombert M, Codoñer-Franch P. Melatonin in Early Nutrition: Long-Term Effects on Cardiovascular System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136809. [PMID: 34202781 PMCID: PMC8269134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breastfeeding protects against adverse cardiovascular outcomes in the long term. Melatonin is an active molecule that is present in the breast milk produced at night beginning in the first stages of lactation. This indoleamine appears to be a relevant contributor to the benefits of breast milk because it can affect infant health in several ways. The melatonin concentration in breast milk varies in a circadian pattern, making breast milk a chrononutrient. The consumption of melatonin can induce the first circadian stimulation in the infant's body at an age when his/her own circadian machinery is not functioning yet. This molecule is also a powerful antioxidant with the ability to act on infant cells directly as a scavenger and indirectly by lowering oxidant molecule production and enhancing the antioxidant capacity of the body. Melatonin also participates in regulating inflammation. Furthermore, melatonin can participate in shaping the gut microbiota composition, richness, and variation over time, also modulating which molecules are absorbed by the host. In all these ways, melatonin from breast milk influences weight gain in infants, limiting the development of obesity and comorbidities in the long term, and it can help shape the ideal cellular environment for the development of the infant's cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Gombert
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Pilar Codoñer-Franch
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Service of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario del Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46010 Valencia, Spain;
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33
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Marangoni A, Laghi L, Zagonari S, Patuelli G, Zhu C, Foschi C, Morselli S, Pedna MF, Sambri V. New Insights into Vaginal Environment During Pregnancy. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:656844. [PMID: 34079816 PMCID: PMC8165225 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.656844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the vaginal ecosystem undergoes marked changes, including a significant enrichment with Lactobacillus spp. and profound alterations in metabolic profiles. A deep comprehension of the vaginal environment may shed light on the physiology of pregnancy and may provide novel biomarkers to identify subjects at risk of complications (e.g., miscarriage, preterm birth). In this study, we characterized the vaginal ecosystem in Caucasian women with a normal pregnancy (n = 64) at three different gestational ages (i.e., first, second and third trimester) and in subjects (n = 10) suffering a spontaneous first trimester miscarriage. We assessed the vaginal bacterial composition (Nugent score), the vaginal metabolic profiles (1H-NMR spectroscopy) and the vaginal levels of two cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8). Throughout pregnancy, the vaginal microbiota became less diverse, being mainly dominated by lactobacilli. This shift was clearly associated with marked changes in the vaginal metabolome: over the weeks, a progressive reduction in the levels of dysbiosis-associated metabolites (e.g., biogenic amines, alcohols, propionate, acetate) was observed. At the same time, several metabolites, typically found in healthy vaginal conditions, reached the highest concentrations at the end of pregnancy (e.g., lactate, glycine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine). Lower levels of glucose were an additional fingerprint of a normal vaginal environment. The vaginal levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly associated with the number of vaginal leukocytes, as well as with the presence of vaginal symptoms, but not with a condition of dysbiosis. Moreover, IL-8 concentration seemed to be a good predictor of the presence of vaginal Candida spp. Cytokine concentrations were negatively correlated to lactate, serine, and glycine concentrations, whereas the levels of 4-hydroxyphenyllactate, glucose, O-acetylcholine, and choline were positively correlated with Candida vaginal loads. Finally, we found that most cases of spontaneous abortion were associated with an abnormal vaginal microbiome, with higher levels of selected metabolites in the vaginal environment (e.g., inosine, fumarate, xanthine, benzoate, ascorbate). No association with higher pro-inflammatory cytokines was found. In conclusion, our analysis provides new insights into the pathophysiology of pregnancy and highlights potential biomarkers to enable the diagnosis of early pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Laghi
- Centre of Foodomics, Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | | | | | - Chenglin Zhu
- Centre of Foodomics, Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Claudio Foschi
- Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Morselli
- Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Sambri
- Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Unit of Microbiology, Greater Romagna Hub Laboratory, Pievesestina, Italy
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34
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Li X, Stokholm J, Brejnrod A, Vestergaard GA, Russel J, Trivedi U, Thorsen J, Gupta S, Hjelmsø MH, Shah SA, Rasmussen MA, Bisgaard H, Sørensen SJ. The infant gut resistome associates with E. coli, environmental exposures, gut microbiome maturity, and asthma-associated bacterial composition. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:975-987.e4. [PMID: 33887206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an accelerating global threat, yet the nature of AMR in the gut microbiome and how AMR is acquired during early life remain largely unknown. In a cohort of 662 Danish children, we characterized the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) acquired during the first year of life and assessed the impacts of diverse environmental exposures on ARG load. Our study reveals a clear bimodal distribution of ARG richness that is driven by the composition of the gut microbiome, especially E. coli. ARG profiles were significantly affected by various environmental factors. Among these factors, the importance of antibiotics diminished with time since treatment. Finally, ARG load and ARG clusters were also associated with the maturity of the gut microbiome and a bacterial composition associated with increased risk of asthma. These findings broaden our understanding of AMR in early life and have critical implications for efforts to mitigate its spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanji Li
- Department of Biology, Section of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Asker Brejnrod
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 9500, USA
| | - Gisle Alberg Vestergaard
- Technical University of Denmark, Section of Bioinformatics, Department of Health Technology, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jakob Russel
- Department of Biology, Section of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Urvish Trivedi
- Department of Biology, Section of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Thorsen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shashank Gupta
- Department of Biology, Section of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathis Hjort Hjelmsø
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shiraz A Shah
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Arendt Rasmussen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Johannes Sørensen
- Department of Biology, Section of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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35
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Laghi L, Zagonari S, Patuelli G, Zhu C, Foschi C, Morselli S, Pedna MF, Sambri V, Marangoni A. Vaginal metabolic profiles during pregnancy: Changes between first and second trimester. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249925. [PMID: 33831087 PMCID: PMC8031435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the vaginal microbiome plays an important role in both maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Throughout pregnancy, the vaginal microbial composition undergoes significant changes, including a decrease in overall diversity and enrichment with Lactobacillus spp. In turn, the modifications in the microbial profiles are associated with shifts in the composition of vaginal metabolites. In this study, we characterized the vaginal metabolic profiles throughout pregnancy at two different gestational ages, correlating them with a microscopic evaluation of the vaginal bacterial composition. A total of 67 Caucasian pregnant women presenting to the Family Advisory Health Centres of Ravenna (Italy) were enrolled and a vaginal swab was collected at gestational ages 9–13 weeks (first trimester) and 20–24 weeks (second trimester). The composition of the vaginal microbiome was assessed by Nugent score and women were divided in ‘H’ (normal lactobacilli-dominated microbiota), ‘I’ (intermediate microbiota), and ‘BV’ (bacterial vaginosis) groups. Starting from the cell-free supernatants of the vaginal swabs, a metabolomic analysis was performed by means of a 1H-NMR spectroscopy. From the first to the second trimester, a greater number of women showed a normal lactobacilli-dominated microbiota, with a reduction of cases of dysbiosis. These microbial shifts were associated with profound changes in the vaginal metabolic profiles. Over the weeks, a significant reduction in the levels of BV-associated metabolites (e.g. acetate, propionate, tyramine, methylamine, putrescine) was observed. At the same time, the vaginal metabolome was characterized by higher concentrations of lactate and of several amino acids (e.g. tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, leucine), typically found in healthy vaginal conditions. Over time, the vaginal metabolome became less diverse and more homogeneous: in the second trimester, women with BV showed metabolic profiles more similar to the healthy/intermediate groups, compared to the first trimester. Our data could help unravel the role of vaginal metabolites in the pathophysiology of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Laghi
- Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Centre of Foodomics, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | | | | | - Chenglin Zhu
- Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Centre of Foodomics, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Claudio Foschi
- Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Sara Morselli
- Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Federica Pedna
- Unit of Microbiology, Greater Romagna Hub Laboratory, Pievesestina di Cesena, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sambri
- Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Microbiology, Greater Romagna Hub Laboratory, Pievesestina di Cesena, Italy
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36
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The Association between Early-Life Gut Microbiota and Long-Term Health and Diseases. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10030459. [PMID: 33504109 PMCID: PMC7865818 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life gut microbiota have been increasingly recognized as major contributors to short and/or long-term human health and diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated that human gut microbial colonization begins at birth, but continues to develop a succession of taxonomic abundances for two to three years until the gut microbiota reaches adult-like diversity and proportions. Several factors, including gestational age (GA), delivery mode, birth weight, feeding types, antibiotic exposure, maternal microbiome, and diet, influence the diversity, abundance, and function of early life gut microbiota. Gut microbial life is essential for assisting with the digestion of food substances to release nutrients, exerting control over pathogens, stimulating or modulating the immune system, and influencing many systems such as the liver, brain, and endocrine system. Microbial metabolites play multiple roles in these interactions. Furthermore, studies provide evidence supporting that imbalances of the gut microbiota in early life, referred to as dysbiosis, are associated with specific childhood or adult disease outcomes, such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, diabetes, allergic diseases, obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and neurological disorders. These findings support that the human gut microbiota may play a fundamental role in the risk of acquiring diseases that may be programmed during early life. In fact, it is critical to explore the role of the human gut microbiota in early life.
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37
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Mortensen MS, Rasmussen MA, Stokholm J, Brejnrod AD, Balle C, Thorsen J, Krogfelt KA, Bisgaard H, Sørensen SJ. Modeling transfer of vaginal microbiota from mother to infant in early life. eLife 2021; 10:57051. [PMID: 33448927 PMCID: PMC7810462 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-life microbiota has been linked to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. It has been hypothesized that maternal vaginal microbiota is an important initial seeding source and therefore might have lifelong effects on disease risk. To understand maternal vaginal microbiota's role in seeding the child's microbiota and the extent of delivery mode-dependent transmission, we studied 665 mother-child dyads from the COPSAC2010 cohort. The maternal vaginal microbiota was evaluated twice in the third trimester and compared with the children's fecal (at 1 week, 1 month, and 1 year of age) and airway microbiota (at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months). Based on the concept of weighted transfer ratios (WTRs), we have identified bacterial orders for which the WTR displays patterns indicate persistent or transient transfer from the maternal vaginal microbiome, as well as orders that are shared at later time points independent of delivery mode, indicating a common reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Steen Mortensen
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Arendt Rasmussen
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Asker Daniel Brejnrod
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Balle
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Thorsen
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Karen Angeliki Krogfelt
- Virus & Microbiological Special Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Søren Johannes Sørensen
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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38
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Laursen MF, Bahl MI, Licht TR. Settlers of our inner surface - Factors shaping the gut microbiota from birth to toddlerhood. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:6081092. [PMID: 33428723 PMCID: PMC8371275 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the first 3 years of life, the microbial ecosystem within the human gut undergoes a process that is unlike what happens in this ecosystem at any other time of our life. This period in time is considered a highly important developmental window, where the gut microbiota is much less resilient and much more responsive to external and environmental factors than seen in the adult gut. While advanced bioinformatics and clinical correlation studies have received extensive focus within studies of the human microbiome, basic microbial growth physiology has attracted much less attention, although it plays a pivotal role to understand the developing gut microbiota during early life. In this review, we will thus take a microbial ecology perspective on the analysis of factors that influence the temporal development of the infant gut microbiota. Such factors include sources of microbes that seed the intestinal environment, physico-chemical (abiotic) conditions influencing microbial growth and the availability of nutrients needed by the intestinal microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Iain Bahl
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby
| | - Tine Rask Licht
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby
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39
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The Social Distancing Imposed To Contain COVID-19 Can Affect Our Microbiome: a Double-Edged Sword in Human Health. mSphere 2020; 5:5/5/e00716-20. [PMID: 32938697 PMCID: PMC7494832 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00716-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hygienic measures imposed to control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and contain COVID-19 have proven effective in controlling the pandemic. In this article, we argue that these measures could impact the human microbiome in two different and disparate ways, acting as a double-edged sword in human health. New lines of research have shown that the diversity of human intestinal and oropharyngeal microbiomes can shape pulmonary viral infection progression. Here, we suggest that the disruption in microbial sharing, as it is associated with dysbiosis (loss of bacterial diversity associated with an imbalance of the microbiota with deleterious consequences for the host), may worsen the prognosis of COVID-19 disease. Hygienic measures imposed to control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and contain COVID-19 have proven effective in controlling the pandemic. In this article, we argue that these measures could impact the human microbiome in two different and disparate ways, acting as a double-edged sword in human health. New lines of research have shown that the diversity of human intestinal and oropharyngeal microbiomes can shape pulmonary viral infection progression. Here, we suggest that the disruption in microbial sharing, as it is associated with dysbiosis (loss of bacterial diversity associated with an imbalance of the microbiota with deleterious consequences for the host), may worsen the prognosis of COVID-19 disease. In addition, social detachment can also decrease the rate of transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, it seems crucial to perform new studies combining the pandemic control of COVID-19 with the diversity of the human microbiome.
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