1
|
Nani JV, Muotri AR, Hayashi MAF. Peering into the mind: unraveling schizophrenia's secrets using models. Mol Psychiatry 2025; 30:659-678. [PMID: 39245692 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex mental disorder characterized by a range of symptoms, including positive and negative symptoms, as well as cognitive impairments. Despite the extensive research, the underlying neurobiology of SCZ remain elusive. To overcome this challenge, the use of diverse laboratory modeling techniques, encompassing cellular and animal models, and innovative approaches like induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neuronal cultures or brain organoids and genetically engineered animal models, has been crucial. Immortalized cellular models provide controlled environments for investigating the molecular and neurochemical pathways involved in neuronal function, while iPSCs and brain organoids, derived from patient-specific sources, offer significant advantage in translational research by facilitating direct comparisons of cellular phenotypes between patient-derived neurons and healthy-control neurons. Animal models can recapitulate the different psychopathological aspects that should be modeled, offering valuable insights into the neurobiology of SCZ. In addition, invertebrates' models are genetically tractable and offer a powerful approach to dissect the core genetic underpinnings of SCZ, while vertebrate models, especially mammals, with their more complex nervous systems and behavioral repertoire, provide a closer approximation of the human condition to study SCZ-related traits. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse modeling approaches, critically evaluating their strengths and limitations. By synthesizing knowledge from these models, this review offers a valuable source for researchers, clinicians, and stakeholders alike. Integrating findings across these different models may allow us to build a more holistic picture of SCZ pathophysiology, facilitating the exploration of new research avenues and informed decision-making for interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João V Nani
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq/FAPESP/CAPES), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Alysson R Muotri
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mirian A F Hayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq/FAPESP/CAPES), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yousof SM, Shehata SA, Ismail EA, Abd El-moneam SM, Mansour BS, Farag MA, Elshamy AI, El-Nasser G. El Gendy A, Serag A, Abd El-Fadeal NM, Abdel-Karim RI, Mostafa MM, El-Sheikh DH, Zayed MA. Acacia saligna extract alleviates quetiapine-induced sexual toxicity in male albino rats: Insights from UPLC-MS/MS metabolite profiling, structural and PI3K/NF-κB pathway assessments. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33993. [PMID: 39071580 PMCID: PMC11280294 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Quetiapine (QET) abuse has increased due to its anxiolytic and hedonic effects, necessitating protective adjunct treatments. Acacia saligna (A. saligna) flowers, used in traditional medicine, have potential health benefits. Aim To investigate the protective role of A. saligna flower extract against QET-induced sexual toxicity, and to elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms through metabolomic and physiological studies. Methods A. saligna extract was subjected to metabolite profiling via High-Resolution Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS). Forty-eight adult male albino rats were assigned into six groups for 30 days. The intracavernosal pressure (ICP), semen, biochemical, hormonal, histological, genetic and Western blot (WB) analyses were determined. Results A. saligna extract is rich in phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and unsaturated fatty acids. QET significantly decreased ICP and negatively affected semen parameters. A. saligna mitigated decreased sperm motility and ameliorated overexpressed proinflammatory genes in QET-55 group. A. saligna ameliorated the reduction of the antioxidant biomarkers, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), concurrent with downregulation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) protein. A. saligna counteracted the disrupted testicular and prostatic structures revealed by histological examination. Conclusion The extract from A. saligna, which contains a high concentration of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory chemicals, effectively mitigates sexual toxicity caused by QET. This study provided the first known explanation of the hypothesized processes behind the protective properties of A. saligna through biological, biochemical, and histological parameters. The results emphasize the potential of A. saligna as a safeguarding agent against drug-induced sexual toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Mohammad Yousof
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh Branch, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Neuroscience and Geroscience Unit, King Fahad Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, KSA
| | - Shaimaa A. Shehata
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine- Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A. Ismail
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Samar M. Abd El-moneam
- Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Basma S.A. Mansour
- Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Abdelsamed I. Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Nasser G. El Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Serag
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11751, Egypt
| | - Noha M. Abd El-Fadeal
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, 22421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Ibrahim Abdel-Karim
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine- Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M. Mostafa
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh Branch, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Dina H. El-Sheikh
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj Branch, 16273, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Zayed
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh Branch, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, 13829, Egypt
- Neuroscience and Geroscience Unit, King Fahad Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, KSA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Burghardt KJ, Burghardt PR, Howlett BH, Dass SE, Zahn B, Imam AA, Mallisho A, Msallaty Z, Seyoum B, Yi Z. Alterations in Skeletal Muscle Insulin Signaling DNA Methylation: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Olanzapine in Healthy Volunteers. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1057. [PMID: 38791018 PMCID: PMC11117943 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Antipsychotics are associated with severe metabolic side effects including insulin resistance; however, the mechanisms underlying this side effect are not fully understood. The skeletal muscle plays a critical role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and changes in skeletal muscle DNA methylation by antipsychotics may play a role in the development of insulin resistance. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of olanzapine was performed in healthy volunteers. Twelve healthy volunteers were randomized to receive 10 mg/day of olanzapine for 7 days. Participants underwent skeletal muscle biopsies to analyze DNA methylation changes using a candidate gene approach for the insulin signaling pathway. Ninety-seven methylation sites were statistically significant (false discovery rate < 0.05 and beta difference between the groups of ≥10%). Fifty-five sites had increased methylation in the skeletal muscle of olanzapine-treated participants while 42 were decreased. The largest methylation change occurred at a site in the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha (PPARGC1A) gene, which had 52% lower methylation in the olanzapine group. Antipsychotic treatment in healthy volunteers causes significant changes in skeletal muscle DNA methylation in the insulin signaling pathway. Future work will need to expand on these findings with expression analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J. Burghardt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (B.H.H.); (S.E.D.)
| | - Paul R. Burghardt
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Bradley H. Howlett
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (B.H.H.); (S.E.D.)
| | - Sabrina E. Dass
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (B.H.H.); (S.E.D.)
| | - Brent Zahn
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Ahmad A. Imam
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah Mallisho
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (A.M.); (Z.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Zaher Msallaty
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (A.M.); (Z.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Berhane Seyoum
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (A.M.); (Z.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Zhengping Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Y, Guan W, Wang ML, Lin XY. PI3K-AKT/mTOR Signaling in Psychiatric Disorders: A Valuable Target to Stimulate or Suppress? Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2024; 27:pyae010. [PMID: 38365306 PMCID: PMC10888523 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Economic development and increased stress have considerably increased the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in recent years, which rank as some of the most prevalent diseases globally. Several factors, including chronic social stress, genetic inheritance, and autogenous diseases, lead to the development and progression of psychiatric disorders. Clinical treatments for psychiatric disorders include psychotherapy, chemotherapy, and electric shock therapy. Although various achievements have been made researching psychiatric disorders, the pathogenesis of these diseases has not been fully understood yet, and serious adverse effects and resistance to antipsychotics are major obstacles to treating patients with psychiatric disorders. Recent studies have shown that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central signaling hub that functions in nerve growth, synapse formation, and plasticity. The PI3K-AKT/mTOR pathway is a critical target for mediating the rapid antidepressant effects of these pharmacological agents in clinical and preclinical research. Abnormal PI3K-AKT/mTOR signaling is closely associated with the pathogenesis of several neurodevelopmental disorders. In this review, we focused on the role of mTOR signaling and the related aberrant neurogenesis in psychiatric disorders. Elucidating the neurobiology of the PI3K-AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in psychiatric disorders and its actions in response to antidepressants will help us better understand brain development and quickly identify new therapeutic targets for the treatment of these mental illnesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei-Lan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Lin
- Department of Neurology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arjmand S, Biojone C, Wegener G. Modulation of Leucine Sensors to Mitigate Antipsychotics-Induced Metabolic Syndrome: A New Vista. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:294-297. [PMID: 38230284 PMCID: PMC10789118 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are currently the mainstay in the pharmacotherapy of some psychiatric disorders, which have improved the quality of life of millions of patients globally. A broad spectrum of activity and diminished liabilities of extrapyramidal side effects have made SGAs better alternatives compared to first-generation antipsychotics. Nevertheless, they display a complex profile of activity by affecting an array of biological targets and, as a result, are associated with a constellation of metabolic abnormalities such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, weight gain, and cardiovascular problems. The SGAs-induced metabolic syndrome's exact mechanism has remained nebulous, but some evidence points the finger at mTOR signaling. In this viewpoint, we propose potential strategies to prevent or alleviate the SGA-induced metabolic adverse effects by modulating the activity of the leucine sensors, Sestrins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Arjmand
- Translational
Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| | - Caroline Biojone
- Translational
Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
- Department
of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| | - Gregers Wegener
- Translational
Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Arihisa W, Kondo T, Yamaguchi K, Matsumoto J, Nakanishi H, Kunii Y, Akatsu H, Hino M, Hashizume Y, Sato S, Sato S, Niwa S, Yabe H, Sasaki T, Shigenobu S, Setou M. Lipid-correlated alterations in the transcriptome are enriched in several specific pathways in the postmortem prefrontal cortex of Japanese patients with schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2023; 43:403-413. [PMID: 37498306 PMCID: PMC10496066 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Schizophrenia is a chronic relapsing psychiatric disorder that is characterized by many symptoms and has a high heritability. There were studies showing that the phospholipid abnormalities in subjects with schizophrenia (Front Biosci, S3, 2011, 153; Schizophr Bull, 48, 2022, 1125; Sci Rep, 7, 2017, 6; Anal Bioanal Chem, 400, 2011, 1933). Disturbances in prefrontal cortex phospholipid and fatty acid composition have been reported in subjects with schizophrenia (Sci Rep, 7, 2017, 6; Anal Bioanal Chem, 400, 2011, 1933; Schizophr Res, 215, 2020, 493; J Psychiatr Res, 47, 2013, 636; Int J Mol Sci, 22, 2021). For exploring the signaling pathways contributing to the lipid changes in previous study (Sci Rep, 7, 2017, 6), we performed two types of transcriptome analyses in subjects with schizophrenia: an unbiased transcriptome analysis solely based on RNA-seq data and a correlation analysis between levels of gene expression and lipids. METHODS RNA-Seq analysis was performed in the postmortem prefrontal cortex from 10 subjects with schizophrenia and 5 controls. Correlation analysis between the transcriptome and lipidome from 9 subjects, which are the same samples in the previous lipidomics study (Sci Rep, 7, 2017, 6). RESULTS Extraction of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and further sequence and functional group analysis revealed changes in gene expression levels in phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling and the complement system. In addition, a correlation analysis clarified alterations in ether lipid metabolism pathway, which is not found as DEGs in transcriptome analysis alone. CONCLUSIONS This study provided results of the integrated analysis of the schizophrenia-associated transcriptome and lipidome within the PFC and revealed that lipid-correlated alterations in the transcriptome are enriched in specific pathways including ether lipid metabolism pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Arihisa
- Department of Cellular and Molecular AnatomyHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular AnatomyHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
- International Mass Imaging CenterHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | | | - Junya Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of MedicineFukushima Medical UniversityFukushimaJapan
| | | | - Yasuto Kunii
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of MedicineFukushima Medical UniversityFukushimaJapan
- Department of Disaster PsychiatryInternational Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Hiroyasu Akatsu
- Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura HospitalToyohashiJapan
- Department of Community‐based Medical Education/Department of Community‐based MedicineNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical ScienceNagoyaJapan
| | - Mizuki Hino
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of MedicineFukushima Medical UniversityFukushimaJapan
- Department of Disaster PsychiatryInternational Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | | | - Shumpei Sato
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics ResearchOsakaJapan
| | - Shinji Sato
- Business Development, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Shinagawa Grand Central TowerTokyoJapan
| | - Shin‐Ichi Niwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Aizu Medical CenterFukushima Medical UniversityFukushimaJapan
| | - Hirooki Yabe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of MedicineFukushima Medical UniversityFukushimaJapan
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Department of Biochemical PathophysiologyMedical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | | | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular AnatomyHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
- International Mass Imaging CenterHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
- Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research CenterHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
- Department of AnatomyThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen H, Cao T, Zhang B, Cai H. The regulatory effects of second-generation antipsychotics on lipid metabolism: Potential mechanisms mediated by the gut microbiota and therapeutic implications. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1097284. [PMID: 36762113 PMCID: PMC9905135 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1097284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric diseases but cause a high risk of disruption to lipid metabolism, which is an intractable therapeutic challenge worldwide. Although the exact mechanisms underlying this lipid disturbance are complex, an increasing body of evidence has suggested the involvement of the gut microbiota in SGA-induced lipid dysregulation since SGA treatment may alter the abundance and composition of the intestinal microflora. The subsequent effects involve the generation of different categories of signaling molecules by gut microbes such as endogenous cannabinoids, cholesterol, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), and gut hormones that regulate lipid metabolism. On the one hand, these signaling molecules can directly activate the vagus nerve or be transported into the brain to influence appetite via the gut-brain axis. On the other hand, these molecules can also regulate related lipid metabolism via peripheral signaling pathways. Interestingly, therapeutic strategies directly targeting the gut microbiota and related metabolites seem to have promising efficacy in the treatment of SGA-induced lipid disturbances. Thus, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of how SGAs can induce disturbances in lipid metabolism by altering the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China,International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China,International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China,International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Bikui Zhang, ; Hualin Cai,
| | - Hualin Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China,International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Bikui Zhang, ; Hualin Cai,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pérez-Rodríguez D, Penedo MA, Rivera-Baltanás T, Peña-Centeno T, Burkhardt S, Fischer A, Prieto-González JM, Olivares JM, López-Fernández H, Agís-Balboa RC. MiRNA Differences Related to Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031891. [PMID: 36768211 PMCID: PMC9916039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a serious mental disorder that is typically treated with antipsychotic medication. Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is the condition where symptoms remain after pharmacological intervention, resulting in long-lasting functional and social impairments. As the identification and treatment of a TRS patient requires previous failed treatments, early mechanisms of detection are needed in order to quicken the access to effective therapy, as well as improve treatment adherence. In this study, we aim to find a microRNA (miRNA) signature for TRS, as well as to shed some light on the molecular pathways potentially involved in this severe condition. To do this, we compared the blood miRNAs of schizophrenia patients that respond to medication and TRS patients, thus obtaining a 16-miRNA TRS profile. Then, we assessed the ability of this signature to separate responders and TRS patients using hierarchical clustering, observing that most of them are grouped correctly (~70% accuracy). We also conducted a network, pathway analysis, and bibliography search to spot molecular pathways potentially altered in TRS. We found that the response to stress seems to be a key factor in TRS and that proteins p53, SIRT1, MDM2, and TRIM28 could be the potential mediators of such responses. Finally, we suggest a molecular pathway potentially regulated by the miRNAs of the TRS profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pérez-Rodríguez
- NeuroEpigenetics Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Maria Aránzazu Penedo
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Grupo de Neurofarmacología de Las Adicciones y Los Trastornos Degenerativos (NEUROFAN), Universidad CEU San Pablo, 28925 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Rivera-Baltanás
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Tonatiuh Peña-Centeno
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Burkhardt
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andre Fischer
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - José M. Prieto-González
- NeuroEpigenetics Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo Trastornos del Movimiento, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Olivares
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Área Sanitaria de Vigo, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Hugo López-Fernández
- SING Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- CINBIO, Department of Computer Science, ESEI-Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence: (H.L.-F.); (R.C.A.-B.)
| | - Roberto Carlos Agís-Balboa
- NeuroEpigenetics Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo Trastornos del Movimiento, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (H.L.-F.); (R.C.A.-B.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu MH, Liu ZJ, Hu QY, Yang JY, Jin Y, Zhu N, Huang Y, Shi DH, Liu MJ, Tan HY, Zhao L, Lv QY, Yi ZH, Wu FC, Li ZZ. Amisulpride augmentation therapy improves cognitive performance and psychopathology in clozapine-resistant treatment-refractory schizophrenia: a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:59. [PMID: 36253804 PMCID: PMC9578180 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00420-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although clozapine is an effective option for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), there are still 1/3 to 1/2 of TRS patients who do not respond to clozapine. The main purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was to explore the amisulpride augmentation efficacy on the psychopathological symptoms and cognitive function of clozapine-resistant treatment-refractory schizophrenia (CTRS) patients. METHODS A total of 80 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to receive initial clozapine plus amisulpride (amisulpride group) or clozapine plus placebo (placebo group). Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale scores, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS), laboratory measurements, and electrocardiograms (ECG) were performed at baseline, at week 6, and week 12. RESULTS Compared with the placebo group, amisulpride group had a lower PANSS total score, positive subscore, and general psychopathology subscore at week 6 and week 12 (PBonferroni < 0.01). Furthermore, compared with the placebo group, the amisulpride group showed an improved RBANS language score at week 12 (PBonferroni < 0.001). Amisulpride group had a higher treatment response rate (P = 0.04), lower scores of CGI severity and CGI efficacy at week 6 and week 12 than placebo group (PBonferroni < 0.05). There were no differences between the groups in body mass index (BMI), corrected QT (QTc) intervals, and laboratory measurements. This study demonstrates that amisulpride augmentation therapy can safely improve the psychiatric symptoms and cognitive performance of CTRS patients. CONCLUSION This study indicates that amisulpride augmentation therapy has important clinical significance for treating CTRS to improve clinical symptoms and cognitive function with tolerability and safety. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifier- NCT03652974. Registered August 31, 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03652974.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Huan Zhu
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200124, China
| | - Zhen-Jing Liu
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, 266034, Shandong, China
| | - Qiong-Yue Hu
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, 266034, Shandong, China
| | - Jia-Yu Yang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200124, China
| | - Na Zhu
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200124, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200124, China
| | - Dian-Hong Shi
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200124, China
| | - Min-Jia Liu
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200124, China
| | - Hong-Yang Tan
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200124, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, 266034, Shandong, China
| | - Qin-Yu Lv
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zheng-Hui Yi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Feng-Chun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China. .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, 510370, China.
| | - Ze-Zhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China. .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, 510370, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kadkhoda J, Tarighatnia A, Nader ND, Aghanejad A. Targeting mitochondria in cancer therapy: Insight into photodynamic and photothermal therapies. Life Sci 2022; 307:120898. [PMID: 35987340 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical multifunctional organelles in cells that generate power, produce reactive oxygen species, and regulate cell survival. Mitochondria that are dysfunctional are eliminated via mitophagy as a way to protect cells under moderate stress and physiological conditions. However, mitophagy is a double-edged sword and can trigger cell death under severe stresses. By targeting mitochondria, photodynamic (PD) and photothermal (PT) therapies may play a role in treating cancer. These therapeutic modalities alter mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby affecting respiratory chain function and generation of reactive oxygen species promotes signaling pathways for cell death. In this regard, PDT, PTT, various mitochondrion-targeting agents and therapeutic methods could have exploited the vital role of mitochondria as the doorway to regulated cell death. Targeted mitochondrial therapies would provide an excellent opportunity for effective mitochondrial injury and accurate tumor erosion. Herein, we summarize the recent progress on the roles of PD and PT treatments in regulating cancerous cell death in relation to mitochondrial targeting and the signaling pathways involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamileh Kadkhoda
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Tarighatnia
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader D Nader
- Department of Anesthesiology, University at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Ayuob Aghanejad
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|