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Yu X, Zhang Y, Luo F, Zhou Q, Zhu L. The role of microRNAs in the gastric cancer tumor microenvironment. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:170. [PMID: 39164671 PMCID: PMC11334576 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the deadliest malignant tumors with unknown pathogenesis. Due to its treatment resistance, high recurrence rate, and lack of reliable early detection techniques, a majority of patients have a poor prognosis. Therefore, identifying new tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets is essential. This review aims to provide fresh insights into enhancing the prognosis of patients with GC by summarizing the processes through which microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and highlighting their critical role in the TME. MAIN TEXT A comprehensive literature review was conducted by focusing on the interactions among tumor cells, extracellular matrix, blood vessels, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and immune cells within the GC TME. The role of noncoding RNAs, known as miRNAs, in modulating the TME through various signaling pathways, cytokines, growth factors, and exosomes was specifically examined. Tumor formation, metastasis, and therapy in GC are significantly influenced by interactions within the TME. miRNAs regulate tumor progression by modulating these interactions through multiple signaling pathways, cytokines, growth factors, and exosomes. Dysregulation of miRNAs affects critical cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and treatment resistance, contributing to the pathogenesis of GC. CONCLUSIONS miRNAs play a crucial role in the regulation of the GC TME, influencing tumor progression and patient prognosis. By understanding the mechanisms through which miRNAs control the TME, potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets can be identified to improve the prognosis of patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Cancer Center, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Sichuan Province, No. 10 Qinyun Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fengming Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Cancer Center, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
- Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Cancer Center, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
- Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Chen X, Peng R, Peng D, Liu D, Li R. Helicobacter pylori infection exacerbates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through lipid metabolic pathways: a transcriptomic study. J Transl Med 2024; 22:701. [PMID: 39075482 PMCID: PMC11288106 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05506-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has attracted increased clinical attention. However, most of those current studies involve cross-sectional studies and meta-analyses, and experimental mechanistic exploration still needs to be improved. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which H. pylori impacts MASLD. METHODS We established two H. pylori-infected (Cag A positive and Cag A negative) mouse models with 16 weeks of chow diet (CD) or high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Body weight, liver triglyceride, blood glucose, serum biochemical parameters, inflammatory factors, and insulin resistance were measured, and histological analysis of liver tissues was performed. Mouse livers were subjected to transcriptome RNA sequencing analysis. RESULTS Although H. pylori infection could not significantly affect serum inflammatory factor levels and serum biochemical parameters in mice, serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance levels increased in CD mode. In contrast, H. pylori Cag A + infection significantly aggravated hepatic pathological steatosis induced by HFD and elevated serum inflammatory factors and lipid metabolism parameters. Hepatic transcriptomic analysis in the CD groups revealed 767 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the H. pylori Cag A + infected group and 1473 DEGs in the H. pylori Cag A- infected group, and the "nonalcoholic fatty liver disease" pathway was significantly enriched in KEGG analysis. There were 578 DEGs in H. pylori Cag A + infection combined with the HFD feeding group and 820 DEGs in the H. pylori Cag A- infected group. DEGs in the HFD groups were significantly enriched in "fatty acid degradation" and "PPAR pathway." Exploring the effect of different Cag A statuses on mouse liver revealed that fatty acid binding protein 5 was differentially expressed in Cag A- H. pylori. DEG enrichment pathways were concentrated in the "PPAR pathway" and "fatty acid degradation." CONCLUSIONS Clinicians are expected to comprehend the impact of H. pylori on MASLD and better understand and manage MASLD. H. pylori infection may exacerbate the development of MASLD by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism, and the H. pylori virulence factor Cag A plays a vital role in this regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ruyi Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dongzi Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Deliang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
- Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
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3
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Xu H, Huang K, Shi M, Gong H, Han M, Tian W, Wang X, Zhang D. MicroRNAs in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric cancer: Function and clinical application. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107216. [PMID: 38761883 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and it is associated with a combination of genetic, environmental, and microbial risk factors. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is classified as a type I carcinogen, however, the exact regulatory mechanisms underlying H. pylori-induced GC are incompletely defined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), one of small non-coding RNAs, negatively regulate gene expression through binding to their target genes. Dysregulation of miRNAs is crucial in human cancer. A noteworthy quantity of aberrant miRNAs induced by H. pylori through complex regulatory networks have been identified. These miRNAs substantially affect genetic instability, cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, autophagy, chemoresistance, and the tumor microenvironment, leading to GC development and progression. Importantly, some H. pylori-associated miRNAs hold promise as therapeutic tools and biomarkers for GC prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis. Nonetheless, clinical application of miRNAs remains in its infancy with multiple issues, including sensitivity and specificity, stability, reliable delivery systems, and off-target effects. Additional research on the specific molecular mechanisms and more clinical data are still required. This review investigated the biogenesis, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of miRNAs in H. pylori-induced GC, offering novel insights into the potential clinical applications of miRNA-based therapeutics and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Mingxuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Hang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Mengyu Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Wenji Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
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Liu X, Miao M, Sun J, Wu J, Qin X. PANoptosis: a potential new target for programmed cell death in breast cancer treatment and prognosis. Apoptosis 2024; 29:277-288. [PMID: 38001342 PMCID: PMC10873433 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01904-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prevalent and severe form of cancer that affects women all over the world. The incidence and mortality of breast cancer continue to rise due to factors such as population growth and the aging of the population. There is a growing area of research focused on a cell death mechanism known as PANoptosis. This mechanism is primarily regulated by the PANoptosome complex and displays important characteristics of cell death, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and/or necroptosis, without being strictly defined by the cell death pathway. PANoptosis acts as a defensive response to external stimuli and pathogens, contributing to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and overall stability. Increasing evidence suggests that programmed cell death (PCD) plays an important role in the development of breast cancer, and PANoptosis, as a novel form of PCD, may be a crucial factor in the development of breast cancer, potentially leading to the identification of new therapeutic strategies. Therefore, the concept of PANoptosis not only deepens our understanding of PCD, but also opens up new avenues for treating malignant diseases, including breast cancer. This review aims to provide an overview of the definition of PANoptosis, systematically explore the interplay between PANoptosis and various forms of PCD, and discuss its implications for breast cancer. Additionally, it delves into the current progress and future directions of PANoptosis research in the context of breast cancer, establishing a theoretical foundation for the development of molecular targets within critical signaling pathways related to PANoptosis, as well as multi-target combination therapy approaches, with the goal of inducing PANoptosis as part of breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Meiqi Miao
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jijing Sun
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jianli Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Xunyun Qin
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Yao Medicine Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Yu X, Zhai X, Wu J, Feng Q, Hu C, Zhu L, Zhou Q. Evolving perspectives regarding the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in gastric cancer immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166881. [PMID: 37696462 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is an increasing global health problem and is one of the leading cancers worldwide. Traditional therapies, such as radiation and chemotherapy, have made limited progress in enhancing their efficacy for advanced GC. The development of immunotherapy for advanced GC has considerably improved with a deeper understanding of the tumor microenvironment. Immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors is a new therapeutic option that has made substantial advances in the treatment of other malignancies and is increasingly used in other clinical oncology treatments. Particularly, therapeutic antibodies targeting the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway have been effectively used in the clinical treatment of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been developed for cancer immunotherapy to enhance T cell function to restore the immune response and represent a breakthrough in the treatment of GC. This review provides an outline of the progress of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy and its expression characteristics and clinical application in advanced GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, No. 10 Qinyun Nan Street, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wu
- Out-patient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbo Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Affiliated Digestive Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggong Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Jacob TV, Doshi GM. A Mini-review on Helicobacter pylori with Gastric Cancer and Available Treatments. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:277-290. [PMID: 37622707 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230824161901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most thoroughly researched etiological component for stomach inflammation and malignancies. Even though there are conventional recommendations and treatment regimens for eradicating H. pylori, failure rates continue to climb. Antibiotic resistance contributes significantly to misdiagnoses, false positive results, and clinical failures, all of which raise the chance of infection recurrence. This review aims to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying drug resistance in H. pylori and discuss novel approaches for detecting genotypic resistance. Modulation of drug uptake/ efflux, biofilm, and coccoid development. Newer genome sequencing approaches capable of detecting H. pylori genotypic resistance are presented. Prolonged infection in the stomach causes major problems such as gastric cancer. The review discusses how H. pylori causes stomach cancer, recent biomarkers such as miRNAs, molecular pathways in the development of gastric cancer, and diagnostic methods and clinical trials for the disease. Efforts have been made to summarize the recent advancements made toward early diagnosis and novel therapeutic approaches for H. pylori-induced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa V Jacob
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Gaurav M Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
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Motamedi H, Abiri R, Salari F, Jalili C, Alvandi A. Reduction of UreB and CagA expression level by siRNA construct in Helicobacter pylori strain SS1. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:401. [PMID: 38114907 PMCID: PMC10729366 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two important virulence factors, urease and cagA, play an important role in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) gastric cancer. Aim of this study was to investigate the expression level and function of ureB and cagA using small interfering RNAs (siRNA). METHODS SS1 strain of H. pylori was considered as host for natural transformation. siRNA designed for ureB and cagA genes were inserted in pGPU6/GFP/Neo siRNA plasmid vector to evaluate using phenotypic and genotypic approaches. Then, qPCR was performed for determining inhibition rate of ureB and cagA gene expression. RESULTS The expression levels of siRNA-ureB and siRNA-cagA in the recombinant strain SS1 were reduced by about 5000 and 1000 fold, respectively, compared to the native H. pylori strain SS1. Also, preliminary evaluation of siRNA-ureB in vitro showed inhibition of urea enzyme activity. These data suggest that siRNA may be a powerful new tool for gene silencing in vitro, and for the development of RNAi-based anti-H. pylori therapies. CONCLUSION Our results show that targeting ureB and cagA genes with siRNA seems to be a new strategy to inhibit urease enzyme activity, reduce inflammation and colonization rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Motamedi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ramin Abiri
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Salari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Cyrus Jalili
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amirhoushang Alvandi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Krzysiek-Maczka G, Brzozowski T, Ptak-Belowska A. Helicobacter pylori-activated fibroblasts as a silent partner in gastric cancer development. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:1219-1256. [PMID: 37460910 PMCID: PMC10713772 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection of gastric mucosa leading to active chronic gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, and MALT lymphoma laid the groundwork for understanding of the general relationship between chronic infection, inflammation, and cancer. Nevertheless, this sequence of events is still far from full understanding with new players and mediators being constantly identified. Originally, the Hp virulence factors affecting mainly gastric epithelium were proposed to contribute considerably to gastric inflammation, ulceration, and cancer. Furthermore, it has been shown that Hp possesses the ability to penetrate the mucus layer and directly interact with stroma components including fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. These cells, which are the source of biophysical and biochemical signals providing the proper balance between cell proliferation and differentiation within gastric epithelial stem cell compartment, when exposed to Hp, can convert into cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) phenotype. The crosstalk between fibroblasts and myofibroblasts with gastric epithelial cells including stem/progenitor cell niche involves several pathways mediated by non-coding RNAs, Wnt, BMP, TGF-β, and Notch signaling ligands. The current review concentrates on the consequences of Hp-induced increase in gastric fibroblast and myofibroblast number, and their activation towards CAFs with the emphasis to the altered communication between mesenchymal and epithelial cell compartment, which may lead to inflammation, epithelial stem cell overproliferation, disturbed differentiation, and gradual gastric cancer development. Thus, Hp-activated fibroblasts may constitute the target for anti-cancer treatment and, importantly, for the pharmacotherapies diminishing their activation particularly at the early stages of Hp infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracjana Krzysiek-Maczka
- Department of Physiology, the Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, the Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agata Ptak-Belowska
- Department of Physiology, the Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531, Kraków, Poland
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Lu S, Duan R, Cong L, Song Y. The effects of ARID1A mutation in gastric cancer and its significance for treatment. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:296. [PMID: 38008753 PMCID: PMC10676575 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03154-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) has emerged as a significant issue in public health all worldwide as a result of its high mortality rate and dismal prognosis. AT-rich interactive domain 1 A (ARID1A) is a vital component of the switch/sucrose-non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex, and ARID1A mutations occur in various tumors, leading to protein loss and decreased expression; it then affects the tumor biological behavior or prognosis. More significantly, ARID1A mutations will likely be biological markers for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment and selective targeted therapy. To provide theoretical support for future research on the stratification of individuals with gastric cancer with ARID1A as a biomarker to achieve precision therapy, we have focused on the clinical significance, predictive value, underlying mechanisms, and possible treatment strategies for ARID1A mutations in gastric cancer in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lu
- Gastroenteric Medicine and Digestive Endoscopy Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruifeng Duan
- Gastroenteric Medicine and Digestive Endoscopy Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liang Cong
- Gastroenteric Medicine and Digestive Endoscopy Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Song
- Gastroenteric Medicine and Digestive Endoscopy Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Kolijn PM, Langerak AW. Immune dysregulation as a leading principle for lymphoma development in diverse immunological backgrounds. Immunol Lett 2023; 263:46-59. [PMID: 37774986 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of malignancies arising from lymphocytes, which poses a significant challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment due to its diverse subtypes and underlying mechanisms. This review aims to explore the shared and distinct features of various forms of lymphoma predisposing conditions, with a focus on genetic, immunological and molecular aspects. While diseases such as autoimmune disorders, inborn errors of immunity and iatrogenic immunodeficiencies are biologically and immunologically distinct, each of these diseases results in profound immune dysregulation and a predisposition to lymphoma development. Interestingly, the increased risk is often skewed towards a particular subtype of lymphoma. Patients with inborn errors of immunity in particular present with extreme forms of lymphoma predisposition, providing a unique opportunity to study the underlying mechanisms. External factors such as chronic infections and environmental exposures further modulate the risk of lymphoma development. Common features of conditions predisposing to lymphoma include: persistent inflammation, recurrent DNA damage or malfunctioning DNA repair, impaired tumor surveillance and viral clearance, and dysregulation of fundamental cellular processes such as activation, proliferation and apoptosis. Our growing understanding of the underlying mechanisms of lymphomagenesis provides opportunities for early detection, prevention and tailored treatment of lymphoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martijn Kolijn
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anton W Langerak
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Huang BS, Chen CT, Yeh CC, Fan TY, Chen FY, Liou JM, Shun CT, Wu MS, Chow LP. miR-21 Targets ASPP2 to Inhibit Apoptosis via CHOP-Mediated Signaling in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:6675265. [PMID: 37547633 PMCID: PMC10403333 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6675265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection affects cell survival pathways, including apoptosis and proliferation in host cells, and disruption of this balance is the key event in the development of H. pylori-induced gastric cancer (HPGC). H. pylori infection induces alterations in microRNAs expression that may be involved in GC development. Bioinformatic analysis showed that microRNA-21 (miR-21) is significantly upregulated in HPGC. Furthermore, quantitative proteomics and in silico prediction were employed to identify potential targets of miR-21. Following functional enrichment and clustered interaction network analyses, five candidates of miR-21 targets, PDCD4, ASPP2, DAXX, PIK3R1, and MAP3K1, were found across three functional clusters in association with cell death and survival, cellular movement, and cellular growth and proliferation. ASPP2 is inhibited by H. pylori-induced miR-21 overexpression. Moreover, ASPP2 levels are inversely correlated with miR-21 levels in HPGC tumor tissues. Thus, ASPP2 was identified as a miR-21 target in HPGC. Here, we observed that H. pylori-induced ASPP2 suppression enhances resistance to apoptosis in GC cells using apoptosis assays. Using protein interaction network and coimmunoprecipitation assay, we identified CHOP as a direct mediator of the ASPP2 proapoptotic activity in H. pylori-infected GC cells. Mechanistically, ASPP2 suppression promotes p300-mediated CHOP degradation, in turn inhibiting CHOP-mediated transcription of Noxa, Bak, and suppression of Bcl-2 to enact antiapoptosis in the GC cells after H. pylori infection. Clinicopathological analysis revealed correlations between decreased ASPP2 expression and higher HPGC risk and poor prognosis. In summary, the discovery of H. pylori-induced antiapoptosis via miR-21-mediated suppression of ASPP2/CHOP-mediated signaling provides a novel perspective for developing HPGC management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Shih Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ta Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chi Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Fan
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Liou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tung Shun
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Ping Chow
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Fathi D, Elballal MS, Elesawy AE, Abulsoud AI, Elshafei A, Elsakka EG, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elrebehy MA, Doghish AS. An emphasis on the interaction of signaling pathways highlights the role of miRNAs in the etiology and treatment resistance of gastric cancer. Life Sci 2023; 322:121667. [PMID: 37023952 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is 4th in incidence and mortality rates globally. Several genetic and epigenetic factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), affect its initiation and progression. miRNAs are short chains of nucleic acids that can regulate several cellular processes by controlling their gene expression. So, dysregulation of miRNAs expressions is associated with GC initiation, progression, invasion capacity, apoptosis evasions, angiogenesis, promotion and EMT enhancement. Of important pathways in GC and controlled by miRNAs are Wnt/β-catenin signaling, HMGA2/mTOR/P-gp, PI3K/AKT/c-Myc, VEGFR and TGFb signaling. Hence, this review was conducted to review an updated view of the role of miRNAs in GC pathogenesis and their modulatory effects on responses to different GC treatment modalities.
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13
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Bure IV, Nemtsova MV. Mutual Regulation of ncRNAs and Chromatin Remodeling Complexes in Normal and Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097848. [PMID: 37175555 PMCID: PMC10178202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling is the one of the main epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression regulation both in normal cells and in pathological conditions. In recent years, a growing number of investigations have confirmed that epigenetic regulators are tightly connected and form a comprehensive network of regulatory pathways and feedback loops. Genes encoding protein subunits of chromatin remodeling complexes are often mutated and change their expression in diseases, as well as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Moreover, different mechanisms of their mutual regulation have already been described. Further understanding of these processes may help apply their clinical potential for establishment of the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of the diseases. The therapeutic targeting of the chromatin structure has many limitations because of the complexity of its regulation, with the involvement of a large number of genes, proteins, non-coding transcripts, and other intermediary molecules. However, several successful strategies have been proposed to target subunits of chromatin remodeling complexes and genes encoding them, as well as the ncRNAs that regulate the operation of these complexes and direct them to the target gene regions. In our review, we focus on chromatin remodeling complexes and ncRNAs, their mutual regulation, role in cellular processes and potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Bure
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V Nemtsova
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
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14
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Lopes C, Almeida TC, Pimentel-Nunes P, Dinis-Ribeiro M, Pereira C. Linking dysbiosis to precancerous stomach through inflammation: Deeper than and beyond imaging. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1134785. [PMID: 37063848 PMCID: PMC10102473 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1134785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is considered the gold standard for gastric lesions detection and surveillance, but it is still associated with a non-negligible rate of missing conditions. In the Era of Personalized Medicine, biomarkers could be the key to overcome missed lesions or to better predict recurrence, pushing the frontier of endoscopy to functional endoscopy. In the last decade, microbiota in gastric cancer has been extensively explored, with gastric carcinogenesis being associated with progressive dysbiosis. Helicobacter pylori infection has been considered the main causative agent of gastritis due to its interference in disrupting the acidic environment of the stomach through inflammatory mediators. Thus, does inflammation bridge the gap between gastric dysbiosis and the gastric carcinogenesis cascade and could the microbiota-inflammation axis-derived biomarkers be the answer to the unmet challenge of functional upper endoscopy? To address this question, in this review, the available evidence on the role of gastric dysbiosis and chronic inflammation in precancerous conditions of the stomach is summarized, particularly targeting the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways. Additionally, the potential of liquid biopsies as a non-invasive source and the clinical utility of studied biomarkers is also explored. Overall, and although most studies offer a mechanistic perspective linking a strong proinflammatory Th1 cell response associated with, but not limited to, chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, promising data recently published highlights not only the diagnostic value of microbial biomarkers but also the potential of gastric juice as a liquid biopsy pushing forward the concept of functional endoscopy and personalized care in gastric cancer early diagnosis and surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Lopes
- Precancerous Lesions and Early Cancer Management Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI‐IPOP)/Rise@CI‐IPOP (Health Research Group), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS – Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-UP – Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tatiana C. Almeida
- Precancerous Lesions and Early Cancer Management Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI‐IPOP)/Rise@CI‐IPOP (Health Research Group), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pimentel-Nunes
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Unilabs, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Dinis-Ribeiro
- Precancerous Lesions and Early Cancer Management Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI‐IPOP)/Rise@CI‐IPOP (Health Research Group), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Pereira
- Precancerous Lesions and Early Cancer Management Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI‐IPOP)/Rise@CI‐IPOP (Health Research Group), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS – Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Carina Pereira,
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15
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Ağagündüz D, Cocozza E, Cemali Ö, Bayazıt AD, Nanì MF, Cerqua I, Morgillo F, Saygılı SK, Berni Canani R, Amero P, Capasso R. Understanding the role of the gut microbiome in gastrointestinal cancer: A review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1130562. [PMID: 36762108 PMCID: PMC9903080 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1130562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer represents one of the most diagnosed types of cancer. Cancer is a genetic and multifactorial disease, influenced by the host and environmental factors. It has been stated that 20% of cancer is caused by microorganisms such as Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B and C virus, and human papillomavirus. In addition to these well-known microorganisms associated with cancer, it has been shown differences in the composition of the microbiota between healthy individuals and cancer patients. Some studies have suggested the existence of the selected microorganisms and their metabolites that can promote or inhibit tumorigenesis via some mechanisms. Recent findings have shown that gut microbiome and their metabolites can act as cancer promotors or inhibitors. It has been shown that gastrointestinal cancer can be caused by a dysregulation of the expression of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) through the gut microbiome. This review will summarize the latest reports regarding the relationship among gut microbiome, ncRNAs, and gastrointestinal cancer. The potential applications of diagnosing and cancer treatments will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Özge Cemali
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Derya Bayazıt
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Ida Cerqua
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Floriana Morgillo
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Suna Karadeniz Saygılı
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States,Department of Histology and Embryology, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science and ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Biotechnologies Research Center and Task Force for Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Amero
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Raffaele Capasso, ; Paola Amero,
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy,*Correspondence: Raffaele Capasso, ; Paola Amero,
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16
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Loe AKH, Zhu L, Kim TH. Chromatin and noncoding RNA-mediated mechanisms of gastric tumorigenesis. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:22-31. [PMID: 36653445 PMCID: PMC9898530 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common and deadly cancers in the world. It is a multifactorial disease highly influenced by environmental factors, which include radiation, smoking, diet, and infectious pathogens. Accumulating evidence suggests that epigenetic regulators are frequently altered in GC, playing critical roles in gastric tumorigenesis. Epigenetic regulation involves DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs. While it is known that environmental factors cause widespread alterations in DNA methylation, promoting carcinogenesis, the chromatin- and noncoding RNA-mediated mechanisms of gastric tumorigenesis are still poorly understood. In this review, we focus on discussing recent discoveries addressing the roles of histone modifiers and noncoding RNAs and the mechanisms of their interactions in gastric tumorigenesis. A better understanding of epigenetic regulation would likely facilitate the development of novel therapeutic approaches targeting specific epigenetic regulators in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kwan Ho Loe
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Lexin Zhu
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Tae-Hee Kim
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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17
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Xu XH, Shao SL, Guo D, Ge LN, Wang Z, Liu P, Tao YY. Roles of microRNAs and exosomes in Helicobacter pylori associated gastric cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:889-897. [PMID: 36367659 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common pathogen that infects more than half of the world's population. Its infection can not only lead to a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic gastritis and gastric cancer (GC) but also be associated with many extra-gastrointestinal diseases. Exosomes, as a new intercellular information transmission medium, can carry biological signal molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate a variety of cellular physiological activities and are involved in multiple cancer processes. In this article, we provide a systematic review on the role of exosomal miRNAs in H. pylori-associated GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Han Xu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Li Shao
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Na Ge
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zan Wang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yong Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Wang H, Zhao M, Shi F, Zheng S, Xiong L, Zheng L. A review of signal pathway induced by virulent protein CagA of Helicobacter pylori. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1062803. [PMID: 37124036 PMCID: PMC10140366 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1062803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), a common and high-mortality disease, still occupies an important position in current cancer research, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection as its important risk factor has been a hot and challenging research area. Among the numerous pathogenic factors of H. pylori, the virulence protein CagA has been widely studied as the only bacterial-derived oncoprotein. It was found that CagA entering into gastric epithelial cells (GECs) can induce the dysregulation of multiple cellular pathways such as MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway through phosphorylation and non-phosphorylation. These disordered pathways cause pathological changes in morphology, adhesion, polarity, proliferation, movement, and other processes of GECs, which eventually promotes the occurrence of GC. With the deepening of H. pylori-related research, the research on CagA-induced abnormal signaling pathway has been updated and deepened to some extent, so the key signaling pathways activated by CagA are used as the main stem to sort out the pathogenesis of CagA in this paper, aiming to provide new strategies for the H. pylori infection and treatment of GC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqiang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Fan Shi
- Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shudan Zheng
- Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Lihong Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Lihong Zheng,
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19
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Zhang F, Zhou Y, Ding J. The current landscape of microRNAs (miRNAs) in bacterial pneumonia: opportunities and challenges. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:70. [PMID: 35986232 PMCID: PMC9392286 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which were initially discovered in Caenorhabditis elegans, can regulate gene expression by recognizing cognate sequences and interfering with the transcriptional or translational machinery. The application of bioinformatics tools for structural analysis and target prediction has largely driven the investigation of certain miRNAs. Notably, it has been found that certain miRNAs which are widely involved in the inflammatory response and immune regulation are closely associated with the occurrence, development, and outcome of bacterial pneumonia. It has been shown that certain miRNA techniques can be used to identify related targets and explore associated signal transduction pathways. This enhances the understanding of bacterial pneumonia, notably for “refractory” or drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia. Although these miRNA-based methods may provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease, they still face various challenges, such as low sensitivity, poor specificity, low silencing efficiency, off-target effects, and toxic reactions. The opportunities and challenges of these methods have been completely reviewed, notably in bacterial pneumonia. With the continuous improvement of the current technology, the miRNA-based methods may surmount the aforementioned limitations, providing promising support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of “refractory” or drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia.
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20
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Yamamoto T, Kohashi K, Yamada Y, Kawata J, Sakihama K, Matsuda R, Koga Y, Aishima S, Nakamura M, Oda Y. Relationship between cellular morphology and abnormality of SWI/SNF complex subunits in pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:2945-2957. [PMID: 34817661 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03860-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma (UDC) is a rare tumor with a worse prognosis than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recent study showed that UDC exhibits loss of SMARCB1, which is one of the subunits of the SWI/SNF complex. However, whether there are abnormalities of other SWI/SNF complex subunits in UDC has remained unknown. In this study, we attempted to clarify whether the loss of SWI/SNF complex subunits is related to the pathogenesis of UDC by comparing undifferentiated component (UC) and ductal adenocarcinoma component (DAC). METHODS Genetic analysis of the ten UCs and six DACs was performed. The expression of ARID1A, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, SMARCC1, and SMARCC2 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues collected by surgical resection from 18 UDC patients was evaluated immunohistochemically. Moreover, two pancreatic cell lines were evaluated for the effects of siARID1A on the mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin, vimentin, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers by qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS UCs tended to have a higher frequency of mutation in ARID1A, SMARCA4, and SMARCC2 than DACs. Immunohistochemically, UCs revealed reduced/lost expression of ARID1A (72%), SMARCB1 (44%), SMARCC1 (31%), and SMARCC2 (67%). Reduced/lost expression of ARID1A, SMARCB1, and SMARCC2 was significantly more frequently observed in UCs than in DACs. In the pancreatic cell lines, western blotting and qRT-PCR showed that the downregulation of ARID1A increased the expression of vimentin and EMT-related markers. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the abnormality of SWI/SNF complex subunits, especially ARID1A, is one of the factors behind the morphological change of UDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamada
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Kawata
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kukiko Sakihama
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsuda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Koga
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinichi Aishima
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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21
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Chang G, Li W, Bai H, Duan J, Wang Z, Du X, Yu R, Wang Y, Wang M, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Li L, Wan R, Wang J. Correlations of switch/sucrose nonfermentable complex mutations with clinical outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:2951-2959. [PMID: 36126963 PMCID: PMC9626335 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The switch/sucrose nonfermentable complex mutations (SWI/SNF-mut) are common in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the association of SWI/SNF-mut with the clinical outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), has not been established. METHODS We retrospectively collected data of patients at Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Patients with advanced NSCLC who received programmed cell death protein-1 or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-[L]1) inhibitors were included in cohort 1 and those with EGFR mutations (EGFR-mutant) received EGFR-TKIs monotherapy were included in cohort 2. Two reported Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) cohorts received immunotherapy alone used as the validation for cohort 1. We analyzed the relationship between SWI/SNF alterations and clinical outcomes in each cohort. RESULTS In total, 1162 patients were included, of which 230 patients (19.8%) were identified as SWI/SNF-mut with the most common genetic alterations being ARID1A (33.4%) and SMARCA4 (28.3%). In cohort 1 (n = 146), patients with co-mutations of SWI/SNF and Kirsten rat sarcoma oncogene (KRAS) (SWI/SNFmutKRASmut, n = 18) had significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) (8.6 m vs. 1.9 m; hazard ratio [HR], 0.31; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.11-0.83; p = 0.032) to PD-(L)1 inhibitors monotherapy, which was consistent with the MSKCC cohorts (not reach [NR] vs. 6.3 m; HR, 0.36, 95% CI, 0.15-0.82; p = 0.016). In cohort 2 (n = 205), ARID1A-mut (n = 16) was associated with improved PFS after EGFR-TKIs (20.6 m vs. 11.2 m; HR, 0.47, 95% CI, 0.27-0.94; p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS In advanced NSCLC, patients with SWI/SNFmutKRASmut seem to benefit more from ICIs. Furthermore, ARID1A-mut may provide a protective effect to EGFR-TKIs in EGFR-mutant patients. However, this is a retrospective single-institution analysis that requires further validation by large prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyun Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Hua Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jianchun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xinyang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Ruofei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yaxi Wang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Minghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yixiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Li Li
- Department of Medical Records, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Rui Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Yang J, Yang H, Dai Y, Jiang Y, Long Y, Zeng J, Ma X. Evidence construction of Chinese herbal formulae for the treatment of H. pylori positive peptic ulcer: A Bayesian network Meta-analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154327. [PMID: 35905565 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) positive peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a highly prevalent digestive disease with serious consequences of poor prognosis without rational medical intervention. Apparent advantages of Chinese herbal formulae application in PUDs have been appreciated by clinical practitioners recently in China. However, there is no enough viewpoint of evidence-based medicine for them to reach a broad consensus at the more favorable formulae. Therefore, we adopted the method of Bayesian network Meta-analysis (BNMA) in order to get a solution. METHOD Literature retrieval of clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted with eight databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the VIP medicine information system, the Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System. Review Manager 5.4 software, R project 4.1.1 software and STATA16.0 software were used to carry out this BNMA. The primary outcome indicator is H. pylori eradicated rate. The secondary outcome indicator is clinical effectiveness rate, recurrence rate and adverse reaction report. RESULT A total of fifty-one RCTs involving 5172 patients and ten therapeutic strategies were included in this BNMA. The results showed that supplementation with Chinese herbal formulae significantly improved the eradication rate, clinical efficiency and reduced recurrence rate of H. pylori compared with the single conventional triple therapy (CON) group in a relatively safe manner. Comprehensive therapeutic efficacy analysis of H. pylori eradicated rate and clinical effectiveness rate showed that CON combined with Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction (XSD) manifests at the first grade among these ten therapeutic strategies. CONCLUSION The efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal formulae and conventional triple therapy were validated by this BNMA. CON+XSD appears to be the most satisfactory therapeutic strategy for H. pylori-positive PUD, reminding clinicians of the potential value of the combination of Chinese herbal formulae and conventional chemotherapy. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42021268574.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yao Dai
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yinxiao Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 230012 Hefei, China; Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, 226100, Nantong, China
| | - Yuhao Long
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Zhao Y, Wang C, Cui T, Wang Q, Xu Y, Miao C, Liu S. LncRNA FGD5-AS1 reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation by modulating Akt and miR-223-3p expression. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:6175-6186. [PMID: 36247255 PMCID: PMC9556440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to be involved in heart development and function. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of the lncRNA FGD5 antisense RNA 1 (FGD5-AS1) on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by targeting miR-223-3p. METHODS An AMI model was established both in vivo and in vitro. The levels of FGD5-AS1, miR-223-3p and inflammatory factors were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was assessed using TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay. The protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were examined using Western blot. Cardiac function was evaluated using hemodynamic analysis and hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. In addition, an underlying competitive endogenous RNA mechanism was revealed by bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments. RESULTS We found decreased expression of FGD5-AS1 in AMI. Furthermore, FGD5-AS1 expression significantly decreased the infarct size, improved cardiac performance and attenuated cardiac fibrosis by reducing myocardial apoptosis and inflammation. miR-223-3p was a direct target of FGD5-AS1. Moreover, miRNA-223-3p directly downregulated the expression of phosphorylated Akt in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Further experiments demonstrated that FGD5-AS1 modulated Akt activity to reduce myocardial injury through miR-223-3p. CONCLUSION The FGD5-AS1/miR-223-3p/Akt pathway is involved in AMI, suggesting that FGD5-AS1 may act as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Cardiovascular Ward 1, Central Hospital of Zibo Mining Group Co., Ltd.Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Cuancuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Fifth Central HospitalTianjin, China
| | - Tiejun Cui
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Laoling People’s HospitalDezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Qiaoyi Wang
- Department of Emergency, Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalWeifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yingchun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng Second People’s HospitalLiaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Chunbo Miao
- Department of VIP of Internal Medicine, Liaocheng Second People’s HospitalLiaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoyan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laiyang Central HospitalYantai, Shandong, China
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Helicobacter pylori CagA Protein Regulating the Biological Characteristics of Gastric Cancer through the miR-155-5p/SMAD2/SP1 axis. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11080846. [PMID: 36014967 PMCID: PMC9414533 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a grade Ι carcinogen of gastric cancer (GC), and its high infection rate seriously affects human health. Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) plays a key role in the carcinogenesis of Hp as one of its main virulence factors. miR-155-5p is abnormally expressed in patients with GC, associated with the occurrence and development of cancer. However, little is known about the association between CagA and miR-155-5p. (1) Background: This study explored the association and mechanism of CagA and miR-155-5p in GC. (2) Methods: The CagA sequence was obtained from the NCBI. After sequence optimization, it was connected to the pcDNA3.1 vector to construct a CagA eukaryotic expression plasmid (pcDNA-CagA). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to investigate the expression of miR-155-5p and CagA in GC cells. The function of CagA on GC cells was detected by CCK8, wound healing, and Transwell assays. Similarly, the function of miR-155-5p was also studied through the above functional experiments after the miR-155-5p overexpression and knockdown models had successfully been constructed. The associations among CagA, miR-155-5p, and SMAD2/SP1 were evaluated using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and rescue experiments. (3) Results: The expression of miR-155-5p was significantly reduced in GC cells, and the expression of miR-155-5p was further reduced after CagA induction. Both overexpressed CagA and knockdown miR-155-5p cell models enhanced malignant transformation, whereas overexpressed miR-155-5p inhibited malignant transformation in vitro. The function of miR-155-5p on GC cells could be influenced by CagA. We also found that the influence of miR-155-5p on SMAD2 and SP1 could be regulated by CagA. (4) Conclusions: CagA potentially regulates the biological function of GC cells through the miR-155-5p/SMAD2/SP1 axis. miR-155-5p could be a therapeutic target for GC related to CagA.
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Gong YQ, Lu TL, Hou FT, Chen CW. Antisense long non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 534:128-137. [PMID: 35872031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a global health problem with high mortality. The incidence of gastric cancer has significant regional differences. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and its interaction with epigenetics are closely related to the occurrence of gastric cancer. It is of great significance to explore the early diagnosis and effective therapeutic targets of gastric cancer. Emerging evidence indicates that antisense long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with various biological and functional aspects of gastric cancer. However, diverse antisense lncRNAs in gastric cancer have not been compiled and discussed. In this review, we summarize the predisposing factors and compile the interaction between H. pylori and epigenetics in gastric cancer. Moreover, we focus on the underlying molecular mechanism and regulatory role of each antisense lncRNA in gastric cancer. In addition, we provide a new insight into the potential diagnosis and treatment of antisense lncRNAs in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tai-Liang Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fu-Tao Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Wu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Saha K, Sarkar D, Khan U, Karmakar BC, Paul S, Mukhopadhyay AK, Dutta S, Bhattacharya S. Capsaicin Inhibits Inflammation and Gastric Damage during H pylori Infection by Targeting NF-kB–miRNA Axis. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11060641. [PMID: 35745495 PMCID: PMC9227394 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is considered as one of the strongest risk factors for gastric disorders. Infection triggers several host pathways to elicit inflammation, which further proceeds towards gastric complications. The NF-kB pathway plays a central role in the upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines during infection. It also regulates the transcriptional network of several inflammatory cytokine genes. Hence, targeting NF-kB could be an important strategy to reduce pathogenesis. Moreover, treatment of H. pylori needs attention as current therapeutics lack efficacy due to antibiotic resistance, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic approaches. In this study, we investigated the effects of capsaicin, a known NF-kB inhibitor in reducing inflammation and gastric complications during H. pylori infection. We observed that capsaicin reduced NF-kB activation and upregulation of cytokine genes in an in vivo mice model. Moreover, it affected NF-kB–miRNA interplay to repress inflammation and gastric damages. Capsaicin reduced the expression level of mir21 and mir223 along with the pro-inflammatory cytokines. The repression of miRNA further affected downstream targets such as e-cadherin and Akt. Our data represent the first evidence that treatment with capsaicin inhibits inflammation and induces antimicrobial activity during H. pylori infection. This alternative approach might open a new avenue in treating H. pylori infection, thus reducing gastric problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Saha
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR-NICED), P-33, CIT Rd, Subhas Sarobar Park, Phool Bagan, Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India; (K.S.); (D.S.); (U.K.)
| | - Deotima Sarkar
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR-NICED), P-33, CIT Rd, Subhas Sarobar Park, Phool Bagan, Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India; (K.S.); (D.S.); (U.K.)
| | - Uzma Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR-NICED), P-33, CIT Rd, Subhas Sarobar Park, Phool Bagan, Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India; (K.S.); (D.S.); (U.K.)
| | - Bipul Chandra Karmakar
- Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (ICMR-NICED), Indian Council of Medical Research, P-33, CIT Rd, Subhas Sarobar Park, Phool Bagan, Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India; (B.C.K.); (S.P.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Sangita Paul
- Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (ICMR-NICED), Indian Council of Medical Research, P-33, CIT Rd, Subhas Sarobar Park, Phool Bagan, Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India; (B.C.K.); (S.P.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Asish K. Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (ICMR-NICED), Indian Council of Medical Research, P-33, CIT Rd, Subhas Sarobar Park, Phool Bagan, Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India; (B.C.K.); (S.P.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR-NICED), P-33, CIT Rd, Subhas Sarobar Park, Phool Bagan, Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India;
| | - Sushmita Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR-NICED), P-33, CIT Rd, Subhas Sarobar Park, Phool Bagan, Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India; (K.S.); (D.S.); (U.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-97179-96740
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Effect of Probiotic-Assisted Eradication of cagA+/vacA s1m1 Helicobacter pylori on Intestinal Flora. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8607671. [PMID: 35528160 PMCID: PMC9076325 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8607671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective. We attempted to evaluate the effects of probiotic-assisted eradication of cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA)+/vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA) s1m1 Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) on the intestinal flora, inflammatory factors, and clinical outcomes. Methods. A total of 180 patients with cagA+/vacA s1m1 H. pylori were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was treated with bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT). Group B was treated with S. boulardii in addition to BQT. The distribution of intestinal flora, serum interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, recovery time of clinical symptoms, total effective rate of clinical symptoms, H. pylori eradication rate, and adverse reactions were observed. Results. 2 weeks after treatment, the contents of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus in the intestinal tract of Group A decreased, while the amounts of Enterococcus and Enterobacter increased. In Group B, the contents of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus increased, while the amounts of Enterococcus and Enterobacter did not change significantly. Moreover, the trend of this flora change was still present at 4 weeks after treatment. Compared with Group A, Group B had lower IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α levels, shorter recovery time of clinical symptoms, higher overall efficiency of clinical symptoms, and lower occurrence of adverse reactions. The eradication rate did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion. BQT can lead to intestinal flora disorders in cagA+/vacA s1m1 H. pylori patients. S. boulardii can improve the distribution of intestinal flora, downregulate immune-inflammatory mediators, and modify clinical symptoms in patients.
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Deciphering a Novel Necroptosis-Related miRNA Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:2721005. [PMID: 35509814 PMCID: PMC9061065 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2721005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common histological and devastating subtype of renal cell carcinoma. Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that causes prominent inflammatory responses. miRNAs play a significant role in cancer progression through necroptosis. However, the prognostic value of necroptosis-related miRNAs remains ambiguous. In this study, 39 necroptosis-related miRNAs (NRMs) were extracted and 17 differentially expressed NRMs between normal and tumor samples were identified using data form The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). After applying univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis and LASSO Cox regression model, six necroptosis-related miRNA signatures were identified in the training cohort and their expression levels were verified by qRT-PCR. Using the expression levels of these miRNAs, all patients were divided into the high- and low-risk groups. Patients in the high-risk group showed poor overall survival (P < 0.0001). Time-dependent ROC curves confirmed the good performance of our signature. The results were verified in the testing cohort and the entire TCGA cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models demonstrated that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor. Additionally, a predictive nomogram with good performance was constructed to enhance the implementation of the constructed signature in a clinical setting. We then employed miRBD, miRTarBase, and TargetScan to predict the target genes of six necroptosis-related miRNAs. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses indicated that 392 potential target genes were enriched in cell proliferation-related biological processes. Six miRNAs and 59 differentially expressed target genes were used to construct an miRNA–mRNA interaction network, and 11 hub genes were selected for survival and tumor infiltration analysis. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed potential drugs that may contribute to cancer management. Hence, necroptosis-related genes play an important role in cancer biology. We developed, for the first time, a necroptosis-related miRNA signature to predict ccRCC prognosis.
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Huang T, Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Wang C, Chen X, Li Y, Ge Y, Gao J. miR‑223 ameliorates thalamus hemorrhage‑induced central poststroke pain via targeting NLRP3 in a mouse model. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:353. [PMID: 35493427 PMCID: PMC9019782 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Central poststroke pain (CPSP) is a central neuropathic pain syndrome that occurs following a stroke and mainly manifests as pain and paresthesia in the body region corresponding to the brain injury area. At present, due to the lack of clinical attention given to CPSP, patients suffer from long-term pain that seriously affects their quality of life. Current literature indicates that microRNA (miR)-223 can impede inflammation and prevent collateral damage. The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome induces IL-18 and IL-1β secretion and maturation and participates in the inflammatory response. Previous evidence has confirmed that miR-223 can negatively regulate NLRP3 in the development of inflammatory responses. However, whether the miR-223 targeting of NLRP3 is involved in CPSP remains unclear. In the present study, the expression of miR-223 was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. The expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, IL-18, IL-1β, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and GFAP were detected by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that thalamic hemorrhagic stroke triggered by microinjection of collagenase Ⅳ (Coll IV) into the ventral posterior lateral (VPL) nucleus results in pain hypersensitivity. miR-223 expression level were significantly reduced in the CPSP model. The expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, IL-18 and IL-1β were significantly increased in the CPSP model. The expression level of GFAP was detected to determine astrocyte activation. The results demonstrated that astrocyte activation induced by Coll IV produced a CPSP model. The p-ERK1/2 expression level was demonstrated to be significantly increased in the CPSP model. The introduction of an miR-223 agomir significantly attenuated thalamic pain and significantly decreased the levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-18 and IL-1β). Furthermore, introducing a miR-223 antagomir into the VPL nucleus of naïve mice mimicked thalamic pain and significantly increased the levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC and proinflammatory cytokine levels (IL-18 and IL-1β). These results indicated that miR-223 inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activity (caspase-1, NLRP3 and ASC), which ameliorated thalamus hemorrhage-induced CPSP in mice via NLRP3 downregulation. In conclusion, these results may determine the mechanisms underlying CPSP and facilitate development of targeted therapy for CPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Yinggang Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Cunjin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Yali Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Ju Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
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Pseudophosphatase STYX is induced by Helicobacter pylori and promotes gastric cancer progression by inhibiting FBXO31 function. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:268. [PMID: 35338113 PMCID: PMC8956710 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world and ranks third in terms of cancer-related deaths. The catalytically inactive pseudophosphatase STYX (serine/threonine/tyrosine interacting protein) is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family. It has been recently reported that STYX functions as a potential oncogene in different types of cancers. However, the potential role and regulatory mechanism of STYX in GC remains unknown. In this study, we find that STYX is highly expressed in GC tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues and closely correlates with the prognosis of GC patients. STYX overexpression facilitates the proliferation and migration in GC cells, whereas STYX knockdown has the opposite effects. Nude mice experiments indicate that STYX knockdown in GC cells dramatically suppresses the tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanically, our results suggest that STYX interacts with the F-box protein FBXO31 and disrupts the degradation function of FBXO31 to its target proteins CyclinD1 and Snail1, thereby increasing the level of CyclinD1 and Snail1 in GC. STYX-mediated biological changes can be reversed by the co-expression of STYX and FBXO31 in GC cells. In addition, transcription factor c-Jun can enhance the expression of STYX in GC. The expression of STYX can also be induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in c-Jun-dependent manner. Together, our present study suggests that STYX plays an oncogenic role in GC by inhibiting FBXO31 function and represents a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in GC.
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Wang Y, Shi S, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu X, Li J, Li P, Du L, Wang C. miR-223-3p targets FBXW7 to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in breast cancer. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:474-482. [PMID: 34953047 PMCID: PMC8807253 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor diagnosed in women. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women in the world. Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to be involved in the development and progression of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of miR-223-3p in breast cancer progression and metastasis. METHODS qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression levels of miR-223-3p in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Wound healing and Matrigel assays were used to examine cell motility and invasiveness. FBXW7 3'-UTR construct and luciferase reporter assays were performed for the target gene. RESULTS miR-223-3p was overexpressed in breast cancer tissue and cell lines. A high level of miR-223-3p was associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. In addition, overexpressed miR-223-3p promoted the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that tumor suppressor gene FBXW7 is a target of miR-223-3p. Luciferase activity reporter assay indicated miR-223-3p could directly bind with the 3'-UTR of FBXW7. miR-223-3p exhibited its oncogenic role partly by decreasing FBXW7 expression, and consequently promoted the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a physical and functional relationship among miR-223-3p and FBXW7. By negatively regulating FBXW7 expression, miR-223-3p exerts a tumor promotion role promoting cell invasion and metastasis in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Shuang Shi
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xuhua Zhang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker DetectionJinanChina
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Peilong Li
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
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Yang Y, Huang Y, Lin W, Liu J, Chen X, Chen C, Yu X, Teng L. Host miRNAs-microbiota interactions in gastric cancer. J Transl Med 2022; 20:52. [PMID: 35093110 PMCID: PMC8800214 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03264-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that gastric cancer seriously affects the quality of life and survival of patients. The correlation between the microbiota and gastric cancer has attracted extensive attention in recent years, nonetheless the specific mechanism of its impact on gastric cancer remain largely unclear. Recent studies have shown that in addition to its role in the host’s inflammatory and immune response, the microbiota can also affect the occurrence and development of gastric cancer by affecting the expression of miRNAs. This paper brings together all currently available data on miRNAs, microbiota and gastric cancer, and preliminarily describes the relationship among them.
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Lower RNA expression of ALDH1A1 distinguishes the favorable risk group in acute myeloid leukemia. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3321-3331. [PMID: 35028852 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The expression and activity of enzymes that belong to the aldehyde dehydrogenases is a characteristic of both normal and malignant stem cells. ALDH1A1 is an enzyme critical in cancer stem cells. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), ALDH1A1 protects leukemia-initiating cells from a number of antineoplastic agents, which include inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinases. Furthermore, ALDH1A1 proves vital for the establishment of human AML xenografts in mice. We review here important studies characterizing the role of ALDH1A1 in AML and its potential as a therapeutic target. We also analyze datasets from leading studies, and show that decreased ALDH1A1 RNA expression consistently characterizes the AML patient risk group with a favorable prognosis, while there is a consistent association of high ALDH1A1 RNA expression with high risk and poor overall survival. Our review and analysis reinforces the notion to employ both novel as well as existing inhibitors of the ALDH1A1 protein against AML.
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Liu AR, Yan ZW, Jiang LY, Lv Z, Li YK, Wang BG. The role of non-coding RNA in the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori-related gastric cancer, with a focus on inflammation and immune response. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1009021. [PMID: 36314013 PMCID: PMC9606473 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1009021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the globally recognized causative factors of gastric cancer (GC). Currently, no definite therapy and drugs for H. pylori-related GC have been widely acknowledged although H. pylori infection could be eradicated in early stage. Inflammation and immune response are spontaneous essential stages during H. pylori infection. H pylori may mediate immune escape by affecting inflammation and immune response, leading to gastric carcinogenesis. As an important component of transcriptome, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been proven to play crucial roles in the genesis and development of H. pylori-induced GC. This review briefly described the effects of ncRNAs on H. pylori-related GC from the perspective of inflammation and immune response, as well as their association with inflammatory reaction and immune microenvironment. We aim to explore the potential of ncRNAs as markers for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of H. pylori-related GC. The ncRNAs involved in H. pylori-related GC may all hold promise as novel therapeutic targets for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao-ran Liu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - Zi-wei Yan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - Li-yue Jiang
- Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhi Lv
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Zhi Lv,
| | - Yan-ke Li
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Yan-ke Li,
| | - Ben-gang Wang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Ben-gang Wang,
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Yuan S, Wu Q, Wang Z, Che Y, Zheng S, Chen Y, Zhong X, Shi F. miR-223: An Immune Regulator in Infectious Disorders. Front Immunol 2021; 12:781815. [PMID: 34956210 PMCID: PMC8702553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.781815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are diminutive noncoding RNAs that can influence disease development and progression by post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression. The anti-inflammatory miRNA, miR-223, was first identified as a regulator of myelopoietic differentiation in 2003. This miR-223 exhibits multiple regulatory functions in the immune response, and abnormal expression of miR-223 is shown to be associated with multiple infectious diseases, including viral hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and tuberculosis (TB) by influencing neutrophil infiltration, macrophage function, dendritic cell (DC) maturation and inflammasome activation. This review summarizes the current understanding of miR-223 physiopathology and highlights the molecular mechanism by which miR-223 regulates immune responses to infectious diseases and how it may be targeted for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjia Che
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sihao Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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MicroRNA in refined diagnosis of choroidal melanoma. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2021. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2021-6.6-1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic studies of the level of microRNAs in human oncogenesis indicate their signifi cant role in the development and growth of malignant tumors of various origins. The fi rst works on the role of microRNAs in patients with uveal melanoma appeared in 2008.The aim: to analyze the expression level of miRNA-126 and miRNA-223 in the plasma blood of patients and to determine their signifi cance in the refi ned diagnosis of choroidal melanoma. Materials and methods. We examined 84 patients with choroidal melanoma (CM), mean age – 63.4 ± 1.2 (35–86 y.o.). Localization – a single CM node with a thickness of 0.77–17.19 mm. The control group consisted of 28 volunteers, age – 62.9 ± 1.42 (45–78 y.o.). Plasma miRNA expression levels were determined by real-time PCR.Results. An increase in the level of expression of miRNA-223 and miRNA-126 in blood plasma was confi rmed in all 84 patients with choroidal melanoma N0M0 compared with the control group. An increase in the expression of miRNA-223 and miRNA-126 was proved with an increase in tumor prominence.Conclusion. The obtained results of an increase in the expression of miRNA-223 indicate an increase in cell proliferation, and an increase in the expression of miRNA-126 on the activation of angiogenesis in a growing tumor, which makes it possible to recommend a study of the level of miRNA-223 and miRNA-126 for a more accurate diagnosis of small CM in cases of difficulty of differential diagnosis with other tumor-like diseases of the choroid.
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Unal U, Cecener G, Tezcan Unlu H, Aytac Vuruskan B, Efendi Erdem E, Egeli U, Ozturk Nazlioglu H, Kaygisiz O, Tunca B, Vuruskan H. Investigation of VHL gene associated with miR-223 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:2073-2083. [PMID: 34851479 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell type renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we examined the expressions of VHL and miR-223 in ccRCC patients׳ tissues to investigate the possible role in the development of ccRCC. METHODS AND RESULTS This study collected five expression profiles (GSE36139, GSE3, GSE73731, GSE40435, and GSE26032) from Gene Omnibus Data. Expressions of VHL and miR-223 in paraffinized tumor and normal tissues of 100 Turkish patients' ccRCC tissues were determined by bioinformatic data mining and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The VHL gene was subjected to mutational analysis by DNA sequencing, and pVHL was analyzed using western blotting. Our study's t-test and Pearson correlation analysis showed that VHL gene expression in tumoral tissues with a - 0.39-fold decrease was not significantly lower than normal tissues (p = 0.441), and a 0.97-fold increase miR-223 (p = 0.045) was determined by real-time PCR. Also, as a result of DNA sequence analysis performed in the VHL gene, it was found that 26% of the patients have mutations. The mutations for (VHL):c.60C>A (p.Val20=) and (VHL):c.467delA (p.Tyr156Leu) was detected for the first time in Turkish patients. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that the differences in the expression levels of miR-223 have the potential to be biomarkers to determine the poor prognosis in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Unal
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulsah Cecener
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Havva Tezcan Unlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berna Aytac Vuruskan
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ecem Efendi Erdem
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Unal Egeli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Hulya Ozturk Nazlioglu
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Onur Kaygisiz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Hakan Vuruskan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Zheng L, Wu Y, Shen L, Liang X, Yang Z, Li S, Li T, Shang W, Shao W, Wang Y, Liu F, Ma L, Jia J. Mechanisms of JARID1B Up-Regulation and Its Role in Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastric Carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:757497. [PMID: 34778074 PMCID: PMC8581301 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.757497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Helicobacter pylori infection can induce GC through a serial cascade of events, with emerging evidence suggesting the important role of epigenetic alterations in the development and progression of the disease. Here, we report on mechanisms responsible for Jumonji AT-rich interactive domain1B (JARID1B) upregulation in GC and its role in the malignant transformation induced by H. pylori infection. We found that upregulation of JARID1B was associated with poorer prognosis, greater tumor purity, and less immune cell infiltration into the tumor. Mechanistically, we showed that the upregulation of JARID1B in human GC was attributed to JARID1B amplification and its induction by H. pylori infection. Furthermore, we identified miR-29c as a negative regulator of JARID1B in GC. H. pylori caused downregulation of miR-29c in human GC and thereby contributed to JARID1B upregulation through relieving posttranscriptional regulation. Functionally, we showed that knockdown of JARID1B reduced GC cell proliferation induced by H. pylori infection. Subsequently, cyclinD1 (CCND1), a key molecule in GC, was shown to be a target gene of JARID1B. In conclusion, these results suggest that JARID1B may be an oncogene upregulated in human GC and could represent a novel therapeutic target to prevent malignant transformation induced by H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yujiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Shen
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuming Liang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zongcheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tongyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjing Shang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jihui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Sun D, Teng F, Xing P, Li J. ARID1A serves as a receivable biomarker for the resistance to EGFR-TKIs in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Med 2021; 27:138. [PMID: 34715776 PMCID: PMC8555283 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ARID1A is a key component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes which is important for the maintaining of biological processes of cells. Recent studies had uncovered the potential role of ARID1A alterations or expression loss in the therapeutic sensitivity of cancers, but the studies in this field requires to be further summarized and discussed. Therefore, we proposed a series of mechanisms related to the resistance to EGFR-TKIs induced by ARID1A alterations or expression loss and the potential therapeutic strategies to overcome the resistance based on published studies. It suggested that ARID1A alterations or expression loss might be the regulators in PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways which are strongly associated with the resistance to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC patients harboring sensitive EGFR mutations. Besides, ARID1A alterations or expression loss could lead to the resistance to EGFR-TKIs via a variety of processes during the tumorigenesis and development of cancers, including epithelial to mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis and the inhibition of apoptosis. Based on the potential mechanisms related to ARID1A, we summarized that the small molecular inhibitors targeting ARID1A or PI3K/Akt pathway, the anti-angiogenic therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors could be used for the supplementary treatment for EGFR-TKIs among NSCLC patients harboring the concomitant alterations of sensitive EGFR mutations and ARID1A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Fei Teng
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Puyuan Xing
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Junling Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Interplay and cooperation of Helicobacter pylori and gut microbiota in gastric carcinogenesis. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:258. [PMID: 34556055 PMCID: PMC8461988 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is a critical risk factor for gastric cancer (GC). However, only 1–3 % of people with H. pylori develop GC. In gastric carcinogenesis, non-H. pylori bacteria in the stomach might interact with H. pylori. Bacterial dysbiosis in the stomach can strengthen gastric neoplasia development via generating tumor-promoting metabolites, DNA damaging, suppressing antitumor immunity, and activating oncogenic signaling pathways. Other bacterial species may generate short-chain fatty acids like butyrate that may inhibit carcinogenesis and inflammation in the human stomach. The present article aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the effects of gut microbiota and H. pylori on the development of GC. Next, the potential mechanisms of intestinal microbiota were discussed in gastric carcinogenesis. We also disserted the complicated interactions between H. pylori, intestinal microbiota, and host in gastric carcinogenesis, thus helping us to design new strategies for preventing, diagnosing, and treating GC.
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Crosstalk between Environmental Inflammatory Stimuli and Non-Coding RNA in Cancer Occurrence and Development. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174436. [PMID: 34503246 PMCID: PMC8430834 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Increasing evidence has indicated that chronic inflammatory processes have an influence on tumor occurrence and all stages of tumor development. A dramatic increase of studies into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) biology has shown that ncRNAs act as oncogenic drivers and tumor suppressors in various inflammation-induced cancers. Thus, this complex network of inflammation-associated cancers and ncRNAs offers targets for prevention from the malignant transformation from inflammation and treatment of malignant diseases. Abstract There is a clear relationship between inflammatory response and different stages of tumor development. Common inflammation-related carcinogens include viruses, bacteria, and environmental mutagens, such as air pollutants, toxic metals, and ultraviolet light. The expression pattern of ncRNA changes in a variety of disease conditions, including inflammation and cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have a causative role in enhancing inflammatory stimulation and evading immune responses, which are particularly important in persistent pathogen infection and inflammation-to-cancer transformation. In this review, we investigated the mechanism of ncRNA expression imbalance in inflammation-related cancers. A better understanding of the function of inflammation-associated ncRNAs may help to reveal the potential of ncRNAs as a new therapeutic strategy.
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NF-κB in Gastric Cancer Development and Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080870. [PMID: 34440074 PMCID: PMC8389569 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is considered one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide and, thus, a major health problem. A variety of environmental factors including physical and chemical noxae, as well as pathogen infections could contribute to the development of gastric cancer. The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and its dysregulation has a major impact on gastric carcinogenesis due to the regulation of cytokines/chemokines, growth factors, anti-apoptotic factors, cell cycle regulators, and metalloproteinases. Changes in NF-κB signaling are directed by genetic alterations in the transcription factors themselves, but also in NF-κB signaling molecules. NF-κB actively participates in the crosstalk of the cells in the tumor micromilieu with divergent effects on the heterogeneous tumor cell and immune cell populations. Thus, the benefits/consequences of therapeutic targeting of NF-κB have to be carefully evaluated. In this review, we address recent knowledge about the mechanisms and consequences of NF-κB dysregulation in gastric cancer development and therapy.
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Yousefi L, Osquee HO, Ghotaslou R, Rezaee MA, Pirzadeh T, Sadeghi J, Hemmati F, Yousefi B, Moaddab SY, Yousefi M, Shirmohammadi M, Somi MH, Ganbarov K, Kafil HS. Dysregulation of lncRNA in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Cancer Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6911734. [PMID: 34337048 PMCID: PMC8286195 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6911734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common cause of gastric cancer (GC). This microorganism is genetically diverse; GC is caused by several genetic deregulations in addition to environmental factors and bacterial virulence factors. lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) are significant biological macromolecules in GC, have specific functions in diseases, and could be therapeutic targets. Altered lncRNAs can lead to the abnormal expression of adjacent protein-coding genes, which may be important in cancer development. Their mechanisms have not been well understood, so we are going to investigate the risk of GC in a population with both high lncRNA and H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Yousefi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Owaysee Osquee
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Ghotaslou
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Tahereh Pirzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javid Sadeghi
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hemmati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Yaghoub Moaddab
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Shirmohammadi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Liu Y, Hu Z, Zhang Y, Wang C. Long non-coding RNAs in Epstein-Barr virus-related cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:278. [PMID: 34034760 PMCID: PMC8144696 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01986-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein Barr-virus (EBV) is related to several cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) act by regulating target genes and are involved in tumourigenesis. However, the role of lncRNAs in EBV-associated cancers is rarely reported. Understanding the role and mechanism of lncRNAs in EBV-associated cancers may contribute to diagnosis, prognosis and clinical therapy in the future. EBV encodes not only miRNAs, but also BART lncRNAs during latency and the BHLF1 lncRNA during both the latent and lytic phases. These lncRNAs can be targeted regulate inflammation, invasion, and migration and thus tumourigenesis. The products of EBV also directly and indirectly regulate host lncRNAs, including LINC00312, NORAD CYTOR, SHNG8, SHNG5, MINCR, lncRNA-BC200, LINC00672, MALATI1, LINC00982, LINC02067, IGFBP7-AS1, LOC100505716, LOC100128494, NAG7 and RP4-794H19.1, to facilitate tumourigenesis using different mechanisms. Additionally, lncRNAs have been previously validated to interact with microRNAs (miRNAs), and lncRNAs and miRNAs mutually suppress each other. The EBV-miR-BART6-3p/LOC553103/STMN1 axis inhibits EBV-associated tumour cell proliferation. Additionally, H. pylori-EBV co-infection promotes inflammatory lesions and results in EMT. HPV-EBV co-infection inhibits the transition from latency to lytic replication. KSHV-EBV co-infection aggravates tumourigenesis in huNSG mice. COVID-19-EBV co-infection may activate the immune system to destroy a tumour, although this situation is rare and the mechanism requires further confirmation. Hopefully, this information will shed some light on tumour therapy strategies tumourigenesis. Additionally, this strategy benefits for infected patients by preventing latency to lytic replication. Understanding the role and expression of lnRNAs in these two phases of EBV is critical to control the transition from latency to the lytic replication phase. This review presents differential expressed lncRNAs in EBV-associated cancers and provides resources to aid in developing superior strategies for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhong Hu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengkun Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Role of the Outer Inflammatory Protein A/Cystine-Glutamate Transporter Pathway in Gastric Mucosal Injury Induced by Helicobacter pylori. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 11:e00178. [PMID: 32677810 PMCID: PMC7263648 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of gastrointestinal diseases. However, the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal injury by H. pylori remains unclear. Exogenous glutamate supplementation protects against gastric mucosal injury caused by H. pylori. Previously, we showed that aspirin-induced gastric injury is associated with reduction in glutamate release by inhibition of cystine–glutamate transporter (xCT) activity. We hypothesized that the xCT pathway is involved in H. pylori-induced gastric mucosal injury. In this study, we tested the activity of xCT and evaluated the regulatory effect of outer inflammatory protein (Oip) A on xCT in H. pylori-induced gastric mucosal injury.
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Chen R, Yang M, Huang W, Wang B. Cascades between miRNAs, lncRNAs and the NF-κB signaling pathway in gastric cancer (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:769. [PMID: 34055068 PMCID: PMC8145527 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common digestive tract malignancy that is mainly treated with surgery combined with perioperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and biological targeted therapy. However, the diagnosis rate of early gastric cancer is low and both postoperative recurrence and distant metastasis are thorny problems. Therefore, it is essential to study the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and search for more effective means of treatment. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway has an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer and recent studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are able to regulate this pathway through a variety of mechanisms. Understanding these interrelated molecular mechanisms is helpful in guiding improvements in gastric cancer treatment. In the present review, the functional associations between miRNAs, lncRNAs and the NF-κB signaling pathway in the occurrence, development and prognosis of gastric cancer were discussed. It was concluded that miRNAs and lncRNAs have complex relations with the NF-κB signaling pathway in gastric cancer. miRNAs/target genes/NF-κB/target proteins, signaling molecules/NF-κB/miRNAs/target genes, lncRNAs/miRNAs/NF-κB/genes or mRNAs, lncRNAs/target genes/NF-Κb/target proteins, and lncRNAs/NF-κB/target proteins cascades are all important factors in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risheng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Mingxiu Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Baiyun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. The mechanism of how GC develops is vague, and therapies are inefficient. The function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumorigenesis has attracted the attention from many scientists. During the development of GC, miRNAs function in the regulation of different phenotypes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, drug sensitivity and resistance, and stem-cell-like properties. MiRNAs were evaluated for use in diagnostic and prognostic predictions and exhibited considerable accuracy. Although many problems exist for the application of therapy, current studies showed the antitumor effects of miRNAs. This paper reviews recent advances in miRNA mechanisms in the development of GC and the potential use of miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of GC.
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Wang C, Hu Y, Yang H, Wang S, Zhou B, Bao Y, Huang Y, Luo Q, Yang C, Xie X, Yang S. Function of Non-coding RNA in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:649105. [PMID: 34046430 PMCID: PMC8144459 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.649105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system. Its occurrence and development are the result of a combination of genetic, environmental, and microbial factors. Helicobacter pylori infection is a chronic infection that is closely related to the occurrence of gastric tumorigenesis. Non-coding RNA has been demonstrated to play a very important role in the organism, exerting a prominent role in the carcinogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance of tumor progression. H. pylori infection affects the expression of non-coding RNA at multiple levels such as genetic polymorphisms and signaling pathways, thereby promoting or inhibiting tumor progression or chemoresistance. This paper mainly introduces the relationship between H. pylori-infected gastric cancer and non-coding RNA, providing a new perspective for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sumin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulu Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Favero A, Segatto I, Perin T, Belletti B. The many facets of miR-223 in cancer: Oncosuppressor, oncogenic driver, therapeutic target, and biomarker of response. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 12:e1659. [PMID: 33951281 PMCID: PMC8518860 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Given their intrinsic pleiotropism, microRNAs (miR) play complex biological roles, in both normal and pathological conditions. Often the same miR can act as oncogene or oncosuppressor, depending on the biological process dysregulated in each specific tissue. miR‐223 does not represent an exception to this rule and its functions greatly differ in different contexts. miR‐223 has been widely studied in the hematopoietic compartment, where it plays a central role in innate immune response, regulating myeloid differentiation and granulocytes function. Accordingly, dysregulated expression of miR‐223 has been associated to different inflammatory disorders and tumors arising from the immune compartment. Most carcinomas, breast cancer being the most studied, display loss of miR‐223. However, in gastro‐esophageal cancers miR‐223 is frequently overexpressed and correlates with worse prognosis. A link between miR‐223 and response to CDK4/6‐inhibitors has been recently proposed, suggesting a role as biomarker of therapeutic response. The notion that one of the most commonly mutated protein in cancer, mutant p53, binds the promoter of miR‐223 and suppresses its transcription, adds a further level of complexity to the full understanding of miR‐223 in cancer. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the molecular networks that alter or are altered by miR‐223, in different cancer types. We will discuss if the times are ready for the exploitation of miR‐223 as predictive biomarker of treatment response or, even, as therapeutic target, in specific settings. Finally, we will suggest which could be the next steps to be taken for a realistic clinical application of miR‐223. This article is categorized under:RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Favero
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Ilenia Segatto
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Perin
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Barbara Belletti
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
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Yin X, Wang Y, Sun Y, Han Y, Sun H, Zou M, Luo R, Peng X. Down-regulated gga-miR-223 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of MG-infected DF-1 cells by targeting FOXO3. Microb Pathog 2021; 155:104927. [PMID: 33932542 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a major poultry pathogen that can induce Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) in chickens, causing serious economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as a vital role in resisting microbial pathogenesis and maintaining cellular mechanism. Our previous miRNAs sequencing data showed that gga-miR-223 expression level significantly decreased in MG-infected chicken lungs. The aim of this study was to reveal the role of gga-miR-223 in MG-induced CRD progression. We found that gga-miR-223 was remarkably down regulated and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) was up-regulated in both MG-infected chicken embryos lungs and the chicken embryonic fibroblast cell line (DF-1) by qPCR. FOXO3 was verified as the target gene of gga-miR-223 through bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Further studies showed that overexpressed gga-miR-223 could promote cell proliferation, cell cycle, and inhibit cell apoptosis by notably promoting the expression of cell cycle marker genes cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) and Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and inhibiting the expression of apoptosis markers Bcl-2-like 11(BIM), FAS ligand (FASLG) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). As expected, FOXO3 knockdown group got similar results. Overexpression of gga-miR-223 observably promoted cell multiplication, cell cycle progression, and inhibited apoptosis of MG-infected DF-1 cells, while inhibited gga-miR-223 had the opposite effect. Taken together, upon MG-infection, downregulated gga-miR-223 could decrease proliferation, cycle progression, and increase apoptosis through directly targeting FOXO3 to exert an aggravating MG-infectious effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - Yingfei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - Yun Han
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - Huanling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - Mengyun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - Ronglong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - Xiuli Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China.
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