1
|
Ramanujan A, Li Z, Ma Y, Lin Z, Ibáñez CF. RhoGDI phosphorylation by PKC promotes its interaction with death receptor p75 NTR to gate axon growth and neuron survival. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1490-1512. [PMID: 38253689 PMCID: PMC10933337 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
How receptors juggle their interactions with multiple downstream effectors remains poorly understood. Here we show that the outcome of death receptor p75NTR signaling is determined through competition of effectors for interaction with its intracellular domain, in turn dictated by the nature of the ligand. While NGF induces release of RhoGDI through recruitment of RIP2, thus decreasing RhoA activity in favor of NFkB signaling, MAG induces PKC-mediated phosphorylation of the RhoGDI N-terminus, promoting its interaction with the juxtamembrane domain of p75NTR, disengaging RIP2, and enhancing RhoA activity in detriment of NF-kB. This results in stunted neurite outgrowth and apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons. If presented simultaneously, MAG prevails over NGF. The NMR solution structure of the complex between the RhoGDI N-terminus and p75NTR juxtamembrane domain reveals previously unknown structures of these proteins and clarifies the mechanism of p75NTR activation. These results show how ligand-directed competition between RIP2 and RhoGDI for p75NTR engagement determine axon growth and neuron survival. Similar principles are likely at work in other receptors engaging multiple effectors and signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajeena Ramanujan
- Department of Physiology and Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yanchen Ma
- Peking University School of Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Carlos F Ibáñez
- Department of Physiology and Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore, Singapore.
- Peking University School of Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China.
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lopes-Rodrigues V, Boxy P, Sim E, Park DI, Habeck M, Carbonell J, Andersson A, Fernández-Suárez D, Nissen P, Nykjær A, Kisiswa L. AraC interacts with p75 NTR transmembrane domain to induce cell death of mature neurons. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:440. [PMID: 37460457 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05979-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cytosine arabinoside (AraC) is one of the main therapeutic treatments for several types of cancer, including acute myeloid leukaemia. However, after a high-dose AraC chemotherapy regime, patients develop severe neurotoxicity and cell death in the central nervous system leading to cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus, somnolence and drowsiness. AraC induces apoptosis in dividing cells. However, the mechanism by which it leads to neurite degeneration and cell death in mature neurons remains unclear. We hypothesise that the upregulation of the death receptor p75NTR is responsible for AraC-mediated neurodegeneration and cell death in leukaemia patients undergoing AraC treatment. To determine the role of AraC-p75NTR signalling in the cell death of mature neurons, we used mature cerebellar granule neurons' primary cultures from p75NTR knockout and p75NTRCys259 mice. Evaluation of neurite degeneration, cell death and p75NTR signalling was done by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. To assess the interaction between AraC and p75NTR, we performed cellular thermal shift and AraTM assays as well as Homo-FRET anisotropy imaging. We show that AraC induces neurite degeneration and programmed cell death of mature cerebellar granule neurons in a p75NTR-dependent manner. Mechanistically, Proline 252 and Cysteine 256 residues facilitate AraC interaction with the transmembrane domain of p75NTR resulting in uncoupling of p75NTR from the NFκB survival pathway. This, in turn, exacerbates the activation of the cell death/JNK pathway by recruitment of TRAF6 to p75NTR. Our findings identify p75NTR as a novel molecular target to develop treatments for counteract AraC-mediated cell death of mature neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lopes-Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology and Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Pia Boxy
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eunice Sim
- Department of Physiology and Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Dong Ik Park
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Habeck
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Josep Carbonell
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, S-17177, Sweden
| | - Annika Andersson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, S-17177, Sweden
| | | | - Poul Nissen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Nykjær
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lilian Kisiswa
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Goodarzi N, Nowrozi M, Baharan O. Histological and Immunohistochemical Investigation of the Cerebellum in Porcupine and Guinea Pig. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:1289-1297. [PMID: 37749681 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the cerebellum histology and immunohistochemistry in porcupine (Hystrix cristata) and guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). Two adult porcupines and two adult guinea pigs were used. For general histology, crystal violet and Luxol fast blue stains were applied. For immunohistochemistry, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), neurofilament 200 (NF200), calbindin D-28K, and glial fibrillary-associated protein (GFAP) were investigated. The cerebellar cortex in both species was composed of three cellular layers: molecular, granular, and Purkinje cell (PC) layers. Purkinje cells in the porcupine showed a purple-colored and dark blue-colored cytoplasm in reaction to the crystal violet and Luxol fast blue staining, respectively. In the guinea pig, PC has a uniform reaction to the Luxol fast blue with dark-blue-colored cytoplasm. However, in response to the crystal violet, some PC with dark-purple cytoplasm showed stronger reaction than other PC which showed light-purple cytoplasm. The PC layer in some folia of the porcupine cerebellum was composed of 2-3 layers. The expression rates of calbindin D-28K, MAG, GFAP, and NF200 in the porcupine cerebellum were determined to be 19%, 42.5%, 62%, and 30%, respectively. These values were determined to be 27%, 34%, 43.5%, and 31.5%, respectively, in the guinea pig cerebellum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nader Goodarzi
- Department of Basic Sciences and Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Iran
| | | | - Omid Baharan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lima R, Monteiro A, Salgado AJ, Monteiro S, Silva NA. Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Approaches for Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213833. [PMID: 36430308 PMCID: PMC9698625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disabling condition that disrupts motor, sensory, and autonomic functions. Despite extensive research in the last decades, SCI continues to be a global health priority affecting thousands of individuals every year. The lack of effective therapeutic strategies for patients with SCI reflects its complex pathophysiology that leads to the point of no return in its function repair and regeneration capacity. Recently, however, several studies started to uncover the intricate network of mechanisms involved in SCI leading to the development of new therapeutic approaches. In this work, we present a detailed description of the physiology and anatomy of the spinal cord and the pathophysiology of SCI. Additionally, we provide an overview of different molecular strategies that demonstrate promising potential in the modulation of the secondary injury events that promote neuroprotection or neuroregeneration. We also briefly discuss other emerging therapies, including cell-based therapies, biomaterials, and epidural electric stimulation. A successful therapy might target different pathologic events to control the progression of secondary damage of SCI and promote regeneration leading to functional recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lima
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Laboratory, PT Government Associated Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Andreia Monteiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Laboratory, PT Government Associated Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António J. Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Laboratory, PT Government Associated Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Susana Monteiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Laboratory, PT Government Associated Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno A. Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Laboratory, PT Government Associated Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nowrozi M, Goodarzi N. Microanatomy of the cerebellum in Persian squirrel (
Sciurus anomalus
), a transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemical study. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:3850-3859. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Nowrozi
- D.V.M student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Razi University Kermanshah Iran
| | - Nader Goodarzi
- Department of Basic Sciences and Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Razi University Kermanshah Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zanin JP, Friedman WJ. p75NTR prevents the onset of cerebellar granule cell migration via RhoA activation. eLife 2022; 11:e79934. [PMID: 36040414 PMCID: PMC9427104 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal migration is one of the fundamental processes during brain development. Several neurodevelopmental disorders can be traced back to dysregulated migration. Although substantial efforts have been placed in identifying molecular signals that stimulate migration, little is known about potential mechanisms that restrict migration. These restrictive mechanisms are essential for proper development since it helps coordinate the timing for each neuronal population to arrive and establish proper connections. Moreover, preventing migration away from a proliferative niche is necessary in maintaining a pool of proliferating cells until the proper number of neuronal progenitors is attained. Here, using mice and rats, we identify an anti-migratory role for the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in cerebellar development. Our results show that granule cell precursors (GCPs) robustly express p75NTR in the external granule layer (EGL) when they are proliferating during postnatal development, however, they do not express p75NTR when they migrate either from the rhombic lip during embryonic development or from the EGL during postnatal development. We show that p75NTR prevented GCP migration by maintaining elevated levels of active RhoA. The expression of p75NTR was sufficient to prevent the migration of the granule cells even in the presence of BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), a well-established chemotactic signal for this cell population. Our findings suggest that the expression of p75NTR might be a critical signal that stops and maintains the GCPs in the proliferative niche of the EGL, by promoting the clonal expansion of cerebellar granule neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Zanin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers UniversityNewarkUnited States
| | - Wilma J Friedman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers UniversityNewarkUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Koper-Lenkiewicz OM, Milewska AJ, Kamińska J, Sawicki K, Chrzanowski R, Zińczuk J, Reszeć J, Tylicka M, Matuszczak E, Matowicka-Karna J, Mariak Z, Mucha MW, Pawlak R, Dymicka-Piekarska V. Myelin-associated proteins are potential diagnostic markers in patients with primary brain tumour. Ann Med 2021; 53:1710-1721. [PMID: 34601991 PMCID: PMC8491661 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1983205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Taking into account the possibility of myelin-associated proteins having a role in brain tumour development, the study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of myelin-associated proteins (Nogo-A, MAG, OMgp) released into extracellular space in patients with brain tumours. PATIENTS AND METHODS Protein concentration in primary brain tumour (n = 49) and non-tumoural subjects (n = 24) was measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum by means of ELISA. Immunohistochemistry for IDH1-R132H was done on 5-μm thick formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumour sections with the use of an antibody specific for the mutant IDH1-R132H protein. RESULTS The receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that CSF Nogo-A and serum MAG were useful in differentiating patients with primary brain tumour from non-tumoural individuals. This was also true in the case of the separate analysis of the astrocytic tumour versus non-tumoural groups and the meningeal tumour versus non-tumoural groups. Neither Nogo-A nor MAG or OMgp concentrations were significantly different, in serum or CSF, between IDH1 wild-type astrocytic brain tumour patients compared to IDH1 mutant patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated the potential usefulness of CSF Nogo-A and serum MAG evaluation as circulating biomarkers of primary brain tumours. Because blood is relatively easy to obtain, future research should be conducted to explicitly indicate the value of serum MAG concentration evaluation as a brain tumour biomarker.Key messagesMyelin-associated proteins may be circulating brain tumour biomarkers.Nogo-A and MAG proteins seem to be the most useful in brain tumour diagnosis.Decreased CSF Nogo-A concentration is an adverse prognostic factor for patients' survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga M. Koper-Lenkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna J. Milewska
- Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Kamińska
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Karol Sawicki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Robert Chrzanowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Justyna Zińczuk
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marzena Tylicka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Matuszczak
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Matowicka-Karna
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Zenon Mariak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Mariusz W. Mucha
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Robert Pawlak
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang N, Kisiswa L, Ramanujan A, Li Z, Sim EW, Tian X, Yuan W, Ibáñez CF, Lin Z. Structural basis of NF-κB signaling by the p75 neurotrophin receptor interaction with adaptor protein TRADD through their respective death domains. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100916. [PMID: 34175311 PMCID: PMC8318917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a critical mediator of neuronal death and tissue remodeling and has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. The death domain (DD) of p75NTR is an intracellular signaling hub and has been shown to interact with diverse adaptor proteins. In breast cancer cells, binding of the adaptor protein TRADD to p75NTR depends on nerve growth factor and promotes cell survival. However, the structural mechanism and functional significance of TRADD recruitment in neuronal p75NTR signaling remain poorly understood. Here we report an NMR structure of the p75NTR-DD and TRADD-DD complex and reveal the mechanism of specific recognition of the TRADD-DD by the p75NTR-DD mainly through electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, we identified spatiotemporal overlap of p75NTR and TRADD expression in developing cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) at early postnatal stages and discover the physiological relevance of the interaction between TRADD and p75NTR in the regulation of canonical NF-κB signaling and cell survival in CGNs. Our results provide a new structural framework for understanding how the recruitment of TRADD to p75NTR through DD interactions creates a membrane-proximal platform, which can be efficiently regulated by various neurotrophic factors through extracellular domains of p75NTR, to propagate downstream signaling in developing neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lilian Kisiswa
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ajeena Ramanujan
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Eunice Weiling Sim
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xianbin Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Wensu Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Carlos F Ibáñez
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University School of Life Sciences and Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tarazona S, Carmona H, Conesa A, Llansola M, Felipo V. A multi-omic study for uncovering molecular mechanisms associated with hyperammonemia-induced cerebellar function impairment in rats. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 37:129-149. [PMID: 33404927 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Patients with liver cirrhosis may develop covert or minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Hyperammonemia (HA) and peripheral inflammation play synergistic roles in inducing the cognitive and motor alterations in MHE. The cerebellum is one of the main cerebral regions affected in MHE. Rats with chronic HA show some motor and cognitive alterations reproducing neurological impairment in cirrhotic patients with MHE. Neuroinflammation and altered neurotransmission and signal transduction in the cerebellum from hyperammonemic (HA) rats are associated with motor and cognitive dysfunction, but underlying mechanisms are not completely known. The aim of this work was to use a multi-omic approach to study molecular alterations in the cerebellum from hyperammonemic rats to uncover new molecular mechanisms associated with hyperammonemia-induced cerebellar function impairment. We analyzed metabolomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data from the same cerebellums from control and HA rats and performed a multi-omic integrative analysis of signaling pathway enrichment with the PaintOmics tool. The histaminergic system, corticotropin-releasing hormone, cyclic GMP-protein kinase G pathway, and intercellular communication in the cerebellar immune system were some of the most relevant enriched pathways in HA rats. In summary, this is a good approach to find altered pathways, which helps to describe the molecular mechanisms involved in the alteration of brain function in rats with chronic HA and to propose possible therapeutic targets to improve MHE symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Tarazona
- Department of Applied Statistics, Operations Research and Quality, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Héctor Carmona
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BioTecMed), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Conesa
- Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marta Llansola
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Vicente Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Developmental Maturation of the Cerebellar White Matter-an Instructive Environment for Cerebellar Inhibitory Interneurons. THE CEREBELLUM 2020; 19:286-308. [PMID: 32002802 PMCID: PMC7082410 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-020-01111-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In the developing cerebellum, the nascent white matter (WM) serves as an instructive niche for cerebellar cortical inhibitory interneurons. As their Pax2 expressing precursors transit the emerging WM, their laminar fate is programmed. The source(s) and nature of the signals involved remain unknown. Here, we used immunocytochemistry to follow the cellular maturation of the murine cerebellar WM during this critical period. During the first few days of postnatal development, when most Pax2 expressing cells are formed and many of them reach the cerebellar gray matter, only microglial cells can be identified in the territories through which Pax2 cells migrate. From p4 onward, cells expressing the oligodendrocytic or astrocyte markers, CNP-1, MBP or GFAP, started to appear in the nascent WM. Expression of macroglial markers increased with cerebellar differentiation, yet deep nuclei remained GFAP-negative at all ages. The progressive spread of maturing glia did not correlate with the exit of Pax2 cells from the WM, as indicated by the extensive mingling of these cells up to p15. Whereas sonic hedgehog-associated p75NTR expression could be verified in granule cell precursors, postmitotic Pax2 cells are p75NTR negative at all ages analyzed. Thus, if Pax2 cells, like their precursors, are sensitive to sonic hedgehog, this does not affect their expression of p75NTR. Our findings document that subsequently generated sets of Pax2 expressing precursors of inhibitory cerebellar interneurons are confronted with a dynamically changing complement of cerebellar glia. The eventual identification of fate-defining pathways should profit from the covariation with glial maturation predicted by the present findings.
Collapse
|