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Carr ER, Higgins PB, McClenaghan NH, Flatt PR, McCloskey AG. MicroRNA regulation of islet and enteroendocrine peptides: Physiology and therapeutic implications for type 2 diabetes. Peptides 2024; 176:171196. [PMID: 38492669 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with dysregulation of glucoregulatory hormones, including both islet and enteroendocrine peptides. Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA sequences which post transcriptionally inhibit protein synthesis by binding to complementary messenger RNA (mRNA). Essential for normal cell activities, including proliferation and apoptosis, dysregulation of these noncoding RNA molecules have been linked to several diseases, including diabetes, where alterations in miRNA expression within pancreatic islets have been observed. This may occur as a compensatory mechanism to maintain beta-cell mass/function (e.g., downregulation of miR-7), or conversely, lead to further beta-cell demise and disease progression (e.g., upregulation of miR-187). Thus, targeting miRNAs has potential for novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications in T2D. This is reinforced by the success seen to date with miRNA-based therapeutics for other conditions currently in clinical trials. In this review, differential expression of miRNAs in human islets associated with T2D will be discussed along with further consideration of their effects on the production and secretion of islet and incretin hormones. This analysis further unravels the therapeutic potential of miRNAs and offers insights into novel strategies for T2D management.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carr
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Atlantic Technology University, Donegal, Ireland; Department of Life Sciences, Atlantic Technological University, Sligo, Ireland
| | - P B Higgins
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Atlantic Technology University, Donegal, Ireland
| | - N H McClenaghan
- Department of Life Sciences, Atlantic Technological University, Sligo, Ireland
| | - P R Flatt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - A G McCloskey
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Atlantic Technology University, Donegal, Ireland.
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Du Q, Shao R, Wang W, Zhang H, Liao X, Wang Z, Yin Z, Ai Q, Mai K, Tang X, Wan M. Vitamin D3 Regulates Energy Homeostasis under Short-Term Fasting Condition in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio). Nutrients 2024; 16:1271. [PMID: 38732518 PMCID: PMC11085765 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a steroid hormone that plays pivotal roles in pathophysiology, and 1,25(OH)2D3 is the most active form of VD3. In the current study, the crucial role of VD3 in maintaining energy homeostasis under short-term fasting conditions was investigated. Our results confirmed that glucose-depriving pathways were inhibited while glucose-producing pathways were strengthened in zebrafish after fasting for 24 or 48 h. Moreover, VD3 anabolism in zebrafish was significantly suppressed in a time-dependent manner under short-fasting conditions. After fasting for 24 or 48 h, zebrafish fed with VD3 displayed a higher gluconeogenesis level and lower glycolysis level in the liver, and the serum glucose was maintained at higher levels, compared to those fed without VD3. Additionally, VD3 augmented the expression of fatty acids (FAs) transporter cd36 and lipogenesis in the liver, while enhancing lipolysis in the dorsal muscle. Similar results were obtained in cyp2r1-/- zebrafish, in which VD3 metabolism is obstructed. Importantly, it was observed that VD3 induced the production of gut GLP-1, which is considered to possess a potent gluconeogenic function in zebrafish. Meanwhile, the gene expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (pcsk1), a GLP-1 processing enzyme, was also induced in the intestine of short-term fasted zebrafish. Notably, gut microbiota and its metabolite acetate were involved in VD3-regulated pcsk1 expression and GLP-1 production under short-term fasting conditions. In summary, our study demonstrated that VD3 regulated GLP-1 production in zebrafish by influencing gut microbiota and its metabolite, contributing to energy homeostasis and ameliorating hypoglycemia under short-term fasting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Du
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Rui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xinmeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiao Tang
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Min Wan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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Förster CY, Künzel SR, Shityakov S, Stavrakis S. Synergistic Effects of Weight Loss and Catheter Ablation: Can microRNAs Serve as Predictive Biomarkers for the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4689. [PMID: 38731908 PMCID: PMC11083177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In atrial fibrillation (AF), multifactorial pathologic atrial alterations are manifested by structural and electrophysiological changes known as atrial remodeling. AF frequently develops in the context of underlying cardiac abnormalities. A critical mechanistic role played by atrial stretch is played by abnormal substrates in a number of conditions that predispose to AF, including obesity, heart failure, hypertension, and sleep apnea. The significant role of overweight and obesity in the development of AF is known; however, the differential effect of overweight, obesity, cardiovascular comorbidities, lifestyle, and other modifiable risk factors on the occurrence and recurrence of AF remains to be determined. Reverse remodeling of the atrial substrate and subsequent reduction in the AF burden by conversion into a typical sinus rhythm has been associated with weight loss through lifestyle changes or surgery. This makes it an essential pillar in the management of AF in obese patients. According to recently published research, microRNAs (miRs) may function as post-transcriptional regulators of genes involved in atrial remodeling, potentially contributing to the pathophysiology of AF. The focus of this review is on their modulation by both weight loss and catheter ablation interventions to counteract atrial remodeling in AF. Our analysis outlines the experimental and clinical evidence supporting the synergistic effects of weight loss and catheter ablation (CA) in reversing atrial electrical and structural remodeling in AF onset and in recurrent post-ablation AF by attenuating pro-thrombotic, pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrotic, arrhythmogenic, and male-sex-associated hypertrophic remodeling pathways. Furthermore, we discuss the promising role of miRs with prognostic potential as predictive biomarkers in guiding approaches to AF recurrence prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Y. Förster
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan R. Künzel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sergey Shityakov
- Laboratory of Chemoinformatics, Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Stavros Stavrakis
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Benavides-Aguilar JA, Torres-Copado A, Isidoro-Sánchez J, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK, Banerjee A, Paul S. The Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in Obesity and Obesity-Derived Ailments. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2070. [PMID: 38003013 PMCID: PMC10671661 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a condition that is characterized by the presence of excessive adipose tissue in the body. Obesity has become one of the main health concerns worldwide since it can lead to other chronic ailments, such as type 2 diabetes or fatty liver disease, and it could be an aggravating factor in infections. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and can play an important role in controlling crucial biological processes involved in the onset of obesity, such as lipogenesis, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, or the regulation of cytokines and chemokines. Moreover, chemical compounds present in food or food packaging can alter miRNA expression and regulate the aforementioned biological mechanisms related to diabetes onset and progression. Furthermore, therapies, such as bariatric surgery and aerobic exercise training, can also influence the expression profile of miRNAs in obesity. Therefore, the present review provides insight into the current research on the role of miRNAs in obesity and obesity-derived ailments, intending to develop novel therapies to effectively manage these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A. Benavides-Aguilar
- Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Andrea Torres-Copado
- NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
| | - José Isidoro-Sánchez
- NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
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Yu C, Li X, Zhao Y, Hu Y. The role of FOXA family transcription factors in glucolipid metabolism and NAFLD. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1081500. [PMID: 36798663 PMCID: PMC9927216 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1081500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism are common pathological processes in many metabolic diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Many studies have shown that the forkhead box (FOX) protein subfamily FOXA has a role in regulating glucolipid metabolism and is closely related to hepatic steatosis and NAFLD. FOXA exhibits a wide range of functions ranging from the initiation steps of metabolism such as the development of the corresponding metabolic organs and the differentiation of cells, to multiple pathways of glucolipid metabolism, to end-of-life problems of metabolism such as age-related obesity. The purpose of this article is to review and discuss the currently known targets and signal transduction pathways of FOXA in glucolipid metabolism. To provide more experimental evidence and basis for further research and clinical application of FOXA in the regulation of glucolipid metabolism and the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affifiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affifiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affifiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Zhao, ; Yiyang Hu,
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affifiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Shuguang Hospital Affifiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Zhao, ; Yiyang Hu,
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Takatani R, Yoshioka Y, Takahashi T, Watanabe M, Hisada A, Yamamoto M, Sakurai K, Takatani T, Shimojo N, Hamada H, Ochiya T, Mori C. Investigation of umbilical cord serum miRNAs associated with childhood obesity: A pilot study from a birth cohort study. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:1740-1744. [PMID: 35653294 PMCID: PMC9533040 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated umbilical cord serum microRNA (miRNA) profiles to identify biomarkers of a risk for obesity later in life. Participating children were divided into high‐ and low‐risk groups of obesity based on the timing of adiposity rebound and the body mass index (BMI) at 5 years and randomly selected from each group for this study. 3D‐Gene® Human miRNA Oligo Chip was performed using cord serum in five children of both groups. The most relevant miRNAs were confirmed in 33 children of the groups using the TaqMan® microRNA assay. We detected five cord serum miRNAs differentially expressed in children at high risk of obesity compared with the levels in children at low risk, namely, miR‐516‐3p and miR‐130a‐3p with increased levels and miR‐1260b, miR‐4709‐3p, and miR194‐3p with decreased levels. This study provides the first identification of altered umbilical cord serum miRNAs in childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Takatani
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Department of Environmental Preventive Medicine (Yamada Bee Company, Inc.), Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Watanabe
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aya Hisada
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Midori Yamamoto
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sakurai
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomozumi Takatani
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoki Shimojo
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Hamada
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisato Mori
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Wang H, Xia Y, Zhang Y. Diagnostic significance of serum lncRNA HOTAIR and its predictive value for the development of chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:97. [PMID: 34496971 PMCID: PMC8424924 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00719-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects the social economy and quality of life, and has become a major threat to human health. This observation aimed to study the possibility of serum HOTAIR as a diagnostic index in patients with T2DM and to explore the prognostic potential of HOTAIR in the development of T2DM. METHODS The expression of HOTAIR in serum of 96 patients with T2DM and 82 healthy controls was detected by the qRT-PCR technique. The related biochemical indexes of all participants were determined, such as total cholesterol (TC) and fasting blood glucose (FBG). The value of serum HOTAIR in the diagnosis of T2DM in the two groups was analyzed by the ROC curve. Moreover, the prognostic value of HOTAIR on T2DM was examined by the K-M curve and COX multivariate analysis. RESULTS The results of the qRT-PCR analysis showed that the serum level of HOTAIR in patients with T2DM was significantly higher than that in healthy controls. ROC analysis showed that HOTAIR in serum was a diagnostic factor of T2DM. Further multivariate analysis showed that HOTAIR could be an independent biomarker in the prediction of chronic complications for T2DM patients, such as diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS We found the augment of HOTAIR expression was a character of T2DM. The high expression of serum HOTAIR was a potential non-invasive diagnostic marker and independent prognostic factor in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Wang
- Department of Health Comprehensive Geriatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No. 4138, Linglongshan Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China.
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Health Comprehensive Geriatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No. 4138, Linglongshan Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Health Comprehensive Geriatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No. 4138, Linglongshan Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
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