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Ren W, Sun Y, Zhao L, Shi X. NLRP3 inflammasome and its role in autoimmune diseases: A promising therapeutic target. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116679. [PMID: 38701567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a protein complex that regulates innate immune responses by activating caspase-1 and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Numerous studies have highlighted its crucial role in the pathogenesis and development of inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune thyroid diseases, and other autoimmune diseases. Therefore, investigating the underlying mechanisms of NLRP3 in disease and targeted drug therapies holds clinical significance. This review summarizes the structure, assembly, and activation mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome, focusing on its role and involvement in various autoimmune diseases. This review also identifies studies where the involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the disease mechanism within the same disease appears contradictory, as well as differences in NLRP3-related gene polymorphisms among different ethnic groups. Additionally, the latest therapeutic advances in targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome for autoimmune diseases are outlined, and novel clinical perspectives are discussed. Conclusively, this review provides a consolidated source of information on the NLRP3 inflammasome and may guide future research efforts that have the potential to positively impact patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
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Lv J, Fu Y, Ga Y, Han C, Fan Y, Wei Y, Hao S, Hao Z. Lianweng Granules Alleviate Intestinal Barrier Damage via the IL-6/STAT3/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway with Dampness-Heat Syndrome Diarrhea. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:661. [PMID: 38929100 PMCID: PMC11201218 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dampness-heat syndrome diarrhea (DHSD) is a common clinical disease with a high prevalence but still has no satisfactory therapeutic medicine, so the search for a safe and effective drug candidate is ongoing. This study aims to explore the efficacy and mechanisms of Lianweng granules (LWG) in the treatment of DHSD and to identify the blood transport components of LWG. We assessed the efficacy of LWG in DHSD by various in vivo metrics such as body weight, disease activity index (DAI), histopathologic examination, intestinal barrier function, levels of inflammatory, apoptotic biomarkers, and oxidative stress. We identified the blood components of LWG using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), and the resolved key components were used to explore the relevant targets. We next predicted the potential mechanisms of LWG in treating DHSD using network pharmacology and molecular docking based on the relevant targets. Finally, the mechanisms were validated in vivo using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, ELISA, and immunofluorescence and evaluated in vitro using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), small interfering RNA, cellular enthusiasm transfer assay (CETSA), and drug affinity response target stability (DARTS). Ninety-one pharmacodynamic components of LWG enter the bloodstream and exert possible therapeutic effects. In vivo, LWG treatment improved body weight, reduced colonic injury and DAI scores, lowered inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis markers, and partially restored intestinal barrier function in DHSD mice. Guided by network pharmacology and molecular docking, it is suggested that LWG may exert therapeutic effects by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3/PI3K/AKT signaling. LWG significantly decreased the expression of IL-6, p-STAT3, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and other proteins. These findings were supported by in vitro experiments, where CETSA, DARTS, and siRNA evidenced LWG's targeting of STAT3. LWG targeted STAT3 to inhibit inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the colon, thereby restoring the intestinal barrier function to some extent and exerting a therapeutic effect on DHSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Lv
- Innovation Centre of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.G.); (C.H.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuchen Fu
- Innovation Centre of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.G.); (C.H.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Ga
- Innovation Centre of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.G.); (C.H.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chao Han
- Innovation Centre of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.G.); (C.H.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yimeng Fan
- Innovation Centre of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.G.); (C.H.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- Innovation Centre of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.G.); (C.H.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sijia Hao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China;
| | - Zhihui Hao
- Innovation Centre of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.G.); (C.H.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
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Bullard BM, McDonald SJ, Cardaci TD, VanderVeen BN, Mohammed AD, Kubinak JL, Pierre JF, Chatzistamou I, Fan D, Hofseth LJ, Murphy EA. Panaxynol improves crypt and mucosal architecture, suppresses colitis-enriched microbes, and alters the immune response to mitigate colitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G591-G606. [PMID: 38469632 PMCID: PMC11376977 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00004.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease of the large intestine, which impacts millions worldwide. Current interventions aimed at treating UC symptoms can have off-target effects, invoking the need for alternatives that may provide similar benefits with less unintended consequences. This study builds on our initial data, which showed that panaxynol-a novel, potent, bioavailable compound found in American ginseng-can suppress disease severity in murine colitis. Here we explore the underlying mechanisms by which panaxynol improves both chronic and acute murine colitis. Fourteen-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were either given three rounds of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water to induce chronic colitis or one round to induce acute colitis. Vehicle or panaxynol (2.5 mg/kg) was administered via oral gavage three times per week for the study duration. Consistent with our previous findings, panaxynol significantly (P < 0.05) improved the disease activity index and endoscopic scores in both models. Using the acute model to examine potential mechanisms, we show that panaxynol significantly (P < 0.05) reduced DSS-induced crypt distortion, goblet cell loss, and mucus loss in the colon. 16S Sequencing revealed panaxynol altered microbial composition to suppress colitis-enriched genera (i.e., Enterococcus, Eubacterium, and Ruminococcus). In addition, panaxynol significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed macrophages and induced regulatory T-cells in the colonic lamina propria. The beneficial effects of panaxynol on mucosal and crypt architecture, combined with its microbial and immune-mediated effects, provide insight into the mechanisms by which panaxynol suppresses murine colitis. Overall, this data is promising for the use of panaxynol to improve colitis in the clinic.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the current study, we report that panaxynol ameliorates chemically induced murine colitis by improving colonic crypt and mucosal architecture, suppressing colitis-enriched microbes, reducing macrophages, and promoting the differentiation of regulatory T-cells in the colonic lamina propria. This study suggests that this novel natural compound may serve as a safe and effective treatment option for colitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke M Bullard
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Sierra J McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Thomas D Cardaci
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Brandon N VanderVeen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Ahmed D Mohammed
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Jason L Kubinak
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Joseph F Pierre
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
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Wang Y, Xie D, Ma S, Shao N, Zhang X, Wang X. Exploring the common mechanism of vascular dementia and inflammatory bowel disease: a bioinformatics-based study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347415. [PMID: 38736878 PMCID: PMC11084673 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Emerging evidence has shown that gut diseases can regulate the development and function of the immune, metabolic, and nervous systems through dynamic bidirectional communication on the brain-gut axis. However, the specific mechanism of intestinal diseases and vascular dementia (VD) remains unclear. We designed this study especially, to further clarify the connection between VD and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from bioinformatics analyses. Methods We downloaded Gene expression profiles for VD (GSE122063) and IBD (GSE47908, GSE179285) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then individual Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to confirm the connection between the two diseases respectively. The common differentially expressed genes (coDEGs) were identified, and the STRING database together with Cytoscape software were used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and core functional modules. We identified the hub genes by using the Cytohubba plugin. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were applied to identify pathways of coDEGs and hub genes. Subsequently, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to identify the diagnostic ability of these hub genes, and a training dataset was used to verify the expression levels of the hub genes. An alternative single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) algorithm was used to analyze immune cell infiltration between coDEGs and immune cells. Finally, the correlation between hub genes and immune cells was analyzed. Results We screened 167 coDEGs. The main articles of coDEGs enrichment analysis focused on immune function. 8 shared hub genes were identified, including PTPRC, ITGB2, CYBB, IL1B, TLR2, CASP1, IL10RA, and BTK. The functional categories of hub genes enrichment analysis were mainly involved in the regulation of immune function and neuroinflammatory response. Compared to the healthy controls, abnormal infiltration of immune cells was found in VD and IBD. We also found the correlation between 8 shared hub genes and immune cells. Conclusions This study suggests that IBD may be a new risk factor for VD. The 8 hub genes may predict the IBD complicated with VD. Immune-related coDEGS may be related to their association, which requires further research to prove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Daojun Xie
- Encephalopathy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shijia Ma
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Nan Shao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xie Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Ye Y, Liu L, Feng Z, Liu Y, Miao J, Wei X, Li H, Yang J, Cao X, Zhao J. The ERK-cPLA2-ACSL4 axis mediating M2 macrophages ferroptosis impedes mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 214:219-235. [PMID: 38367927 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic gastrointestinal disease that can be managed with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), the standard treatment for UC. However, the effectiveness of 5-ASA is not always optimal. Our study revealed that despite 5-ASA treatment, cells continued to experience excessive ferroptosis, which may hinder mucosal healing in UC and limit the success of this treatment approach in achieving disease remission. We found that combining 5-ASA with the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 led to a significant inhibition of ferroptosis in macrophages present in the colon tissue, along with an increase in the proportion of M2 macrophages, suggesting that targeting ferroptosis in M2 macrophages could be a potential therapeutic strategy for alleviating UC. Our study also demonstrated that M2 macrophages are more susceptible to ferroptosis compared to M1 macrophages, and this susceptibility is associated with the activated arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism pathway mediated by ERK-cPLA2-ACSL4. Additionally, we found that the expression of cPLA2 gene pla2g4a was increased in the colon of UC patients compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that the combination treatment group, as opposed to the 5-ASA treatment group, exhibited the ability to modulate AA metabolism. Overall, our findings emphasize the importance of addressing macrophage ferroptosis in order to enhance macrophage anti-inflammation, improve mucosal healing, and achieve better therapeutic outcomes for patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Limin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Zelin Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Junming Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyue Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xiaocang Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
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Li X, Ji LJ, Feng KD, Huang H, Liang MR, Cheng SJ, Meng XD. Emerging role of exosomes in ulcerative colitis: Targeting NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:527-541. [PMID: 38463022 PMCID: PMC10921143 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i6.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease. Despite ongoing advances in our understanding of UC, its pathogenesis is yet unelucidated, underscoring the urgent need for novel treatment strategies for patients with UC. Exosomes are nanoscale membrane particles that mediate intercellular communication by carrying various bioactive molecules, such as proteins, RNAs, DNA, and metabolites. The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a cytosolic tripartite protein complex whose activation induces the maturation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, triggering the inflammatory response to a pathogenic agent or injury. Growing evidence suggests that exosomes are new modulators of the NLRP3 inflammasome, with vital roles in the pathological process of UC. Here, recent evidence is reviewed on the role of exosomes and NLRP3 inflammasome in UC. First, the dual role of exosomes on NLRP3 inflammasome and the effect of NLRP3 inflammasome on exosome secretion are summarized. Finally, an outlook on the directions of exosome-NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk research in the context of UC is proposed and areas of further research on this topic are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li-Jiang Ji
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kai-Di Feng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei-Rou Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shi-Jin Cheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiu-Dong Meng
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
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Dong K, Zhang Y, Ji HR, Guan ZL, Wang DY, Guo ZY, Deng SJ, He BY, Xing JF, You CY. Dexamethasone-Loaded Lipid Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles Treat Experimental Colitis by Regulating Macrophage Polarization in Inflammatory Sites. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:993-1016. [PMID: 38299194 PMCID: PMC10829593 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s442369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The M1/M2 polarization of intestinal macrophages exerts an essential function in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), which can be adjusted to alleviate the UC symptoms. Purpose A kind of pH-sensitive lipid calcium phosphate core-shell nanoparticles (NPs), co-loading with dexamethasone (Dex) and its water-soluble salts, dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Dsp), was constructed to comprehensively regulate macrophages in different states towards the M2 phenotype to promote anti-inflammatory effects. Methods Dex and Dsp were loaded in the outer lipid shell and inner lipid calcium phosphate (Cap) core of the LdCaPd NPs, respectively. Then, the morphology of NPs and methods for determining drug concentration were investigated, followed by in vitro protein adsorption, stability, and release tests. Cell experiments evaluated the cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and macrophage polarization induction ability of NPs. The in vivo distribution and anti-inflammatory effect of NPs were evaluated through a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced BALB/c mice ulcerative colitis model. Results The LdCaPd NPs showed a particle size of about 200 nm and achieved considerable loading amounts of Dex and Dsp. The in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that in the acidic UC microenvironment, the cationic lipid shell of LdCaPd underwent protonated dissociation to release Dex first for creating a microenvironment conducive to M2 polarization. Then, the exposed CaP core was further engulfed by M1 macrophages to release Dsp to restrict the pro-inflammatory cytokines production by inhibiting the activation and function of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) through activating the GC receptor and the NF kappa B inhibitor α (I-κBα), respectively, ultimately reversing the M1 polarization to promote the anti-inflammatory therapy. Conclusion The LdCaPd NPs accomplished the sequential release of Dex and Dsp to the UC site and the inflammatory M1 macrophages at this site, promoting the regulation of macrophage polarization to accelerate the remission of UC symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Rui Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ze Lin Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi Yang Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Jing Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Feng Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Yu You
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
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Abdelhady R, Saber S, Ahmed Abdel-Reheim M, Mohammad S. Alamri M, Alfaifi J, I. E. Adam M, A. Saleh L, I. Farag A, A. Elmorsy E, S. El-Wakeel H, S. Doghish A, E. Shaker M, H. Hazem S, A. Ramadan H, S. Hamad R, A. Mohammed O. Unveiling the therapeutic potential of exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate for chronic colitis in rats: novel insights on autophagy, apoptosis, and pyroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1239025. [PMID: 37841914 PMCID: PMC10570820 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1239025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of the colorectal area that demonstrates a dramatically increasing incidence worldwide. This study provides novel insights into the capacity of the exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate and ketogenic diet (KD) consumption to alleviate dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC in rats. Remarkably, both interventions attenuated disease activity and colon weight-to-length ratio, and improved macro and microstructures of the damaged colon. Importantly, both β-hydroxybutyrate and KD curbed the DSS-induced aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome activation as observed in mRNA and protein expression analysis. Additionally, inhibition of the NLRP3/NGSDMD-mediated pyroptosis was detected in response to both regimens. In parallel, these modalities attenuated caspase-1 and its associated consequences of IL-1β and IL-18 overproduction. They also mitigated apoptosis as indicated by the inactivation of caspase-3. The anti-inflammatory effects of BHB and KD were confirmed by the reported decline in the levels of inflammatory markers including MPO, NFκB, IL-6, and TNF-α. Moreover, these interventions exhibited antioxidative properties by reducing ROS production and improving antioxidative enzymes. Their effectiveness in mitigating UC was also evident in the renovation of normal intestinal epithelial barrier function, as shown by correcting the discrepancies in the levels of tight junction proteins ZO-1, OCLN, and CLDN5. Furthermore, their effects on the intestinal microbiota homeostasis were investigated. In terms of autophagy, exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate upregulated BECN-1 and downregulated p62, which may account for its superiority over KD in attenuating colonic damage. In conclusion, this study provides experimental evidence supporting the potential therapeutic use of β-hydroxybutyrate or β-hydroxybutyrate-boosting regimens in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Abdelhady
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masoud I. E. Adam
- Department of Medical Education and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lobna A. Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Collage of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza I. Farag
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A. Elmorsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Qassim College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hend S. El-Wakeel
- Physiology Department, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
- Physiology Department, Al-baha Faculty of Medicine, Al-baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S. Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Shaker
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara H. Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Heba A. Ramadan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Al Mansurah, Egypt
| | - Rabab S. Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Osama A. Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Direito R, Barbalho SM, Figueira ME, Minniti G, de Carvalho GM, de Oliveira Zanuso B, de Oliveira Dos Santos AR, de Góes Corrêa N, Rodrigues VD, de Alvares Goulart R, Guiguer EL, Araújo AC, Bosso H, Fornari Laurindo L. Medicinal Plants, Phytochemicals and Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:728. [PMID: 37367886 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ongoing research explores the underlying causes of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Many experts suggest that dysbiosis in the gut microbiota and genetic, immunological, and environmental factors play significant roles. The term "microbiota" pertains to the collective community of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, that reside within the gastrointestinal tract, with a particular emphasis on the colon. When there is an imbalance or disruption in the composition of the gut microbiota, it is referred to as dysbiosis. Dysbiosis can trigger inflammation in the intestinal cells and disrupt the innate immune system, leading to oxidative stress, redox signaling, electrophilic stress, and inflammation. The Nod-like Receptor (NLR) Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a key regulator found in immunological and epithelial cells, is crucial in inducing inflammatory diseases, promoting immune responses to the gut microbiota, and regulating the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. Its downstream effectors include caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β. The present study investigated the therapeutic potential of 13 medicinal plants, such as Litsea cubeba, Artemisia anomala, Piper nigrum, Morus macroura, and Agrimonia pilosa, and 29 phytocompounds such as artemisitene, morroniside, protopine, ferulic acid, quercetin, picroside II, and hydroxytyrosol on in vitro and in vivo models of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), with a focus on their effects on the NLRP3 inflammasome. The observed effects of these treatments included reductions in IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, interferon-gamma, and caspase levels, and increased expression of antioxidant enzymes, IL-4, and IL-10, as well as regulation of gut microbiota. These effects could potentially provide substantial advantages in treating IBD with few or no adverse effects as caused by synthetic anti-inflammatory and immunomodulated drugs. However, additional research is necessary to validate these findings clinically and to develop effective treatments that can benefit individuals who suffer from these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Direito
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduardo Figueira
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Giulia Minniti
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Magno de Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Oliveira Zanuso
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita de Oliveira Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália de Góes Corrêa
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victória Dogani Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Avenida Monte Carmelo, 800, Marília 17519-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Alvares Goulart
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Bosso
- Medical Department, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Avenida Monte Carmelo, 800, Marília 17519-030, São Paulo, Brazil
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