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Zhang X, Hu S, Xiang X, Li Z, Chen Z, Xia C, He Q, Jin J, Chen H. Bulk and single-cell transcriptome profiling identify potential cellular targets of the long noncoding RNA Gas5 in renal fibrosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167206. [PMID: 38718848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The long noncoding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 (lncRNA Gas5) is implicated in various kidney diseases. In this study, we investigated the lncRNA Gas5 expression profile and its critical role as a potential biomarker in the progression of chronic kidney disease. Subsequently, we assessed the effect of lncRNA Gas5 deletion on renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The results indicated that loss of lncRNA Gas5 exacerbates UUO-induced renal injury and extracellular matrix deposition. Notably, the deletion of lncRNA Gas5 had a similar effect on control mice. The fibrogenic phenotype observed in mice lacking lncRNA Gas5 correlates with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway activation and aberrant cytokine and chemokine reprogramming. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed key transcriptomic features of fibroblasts after Gas5 deletion, revealing heterogeneous cellular states suggestive of a propensity for renal fibrosis. Our findings indicate that lncRNA Gas5 regulates the differentiation and activation of immune cells and the transcription of key genes in the PPAR signaling pathway. These data offer novel insights into the involvement of lncRNA Gas5 in renal fibrosis, potentially paving the way for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouci Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhejun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Xia
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China.
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Chen H, Sun B, Chang SJ, Yu Z, Qiu Y, Hua C, Lin X. Single-cell sequencing of facial adipose tissue unveils FKBP5 as a therapeutic target for facial infiltrating lipomatosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:209. [PMID: 39020442 PMCID: PMC11256636 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03835-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facial infiltrating lipomatosis is characterized by excessive growth of adipose tissue. Its etiology is associated with somatic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) variants, but the specific mechanisms are not yet fully understood. METHODS We collected facial adipose tissue from both FIL patients and non-FIL individuals, isolated the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and performed single-cell transcriptome sequencing on these samples. RESULTS We mapped out the cellular landscape within the SVF, with a specific focus on a deeper analysis of fibro-adipogenic precursor cells (FAPs). Our analysis revealed that FAPs from FIL patients (FIL-FAPs) significantly overexpressed FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP5) compared to FAPs from individuals without FIL. Further experiments indicated that FKBP5 is regulated by the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. The overactivation of this pathway led to an increase in FKBP5 expression. In vitro experiments demonstrated that FKBP5 promoted adipogenic differentiation of FAPs, a process that could be hindered by FKBP5 knockdown or inhibition. Additionally, in vivo assessments confirmed FKBP5's role in adipogenesis. CONCLUSIONS These insights into the pathogenesis of FIL underscore FKBP5 as a promising target for developing non-surgical interventions to manage the excessive adipose tissue growth in FIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Chen
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Shih-Jen Chang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Zhang Yu
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yajing Qiu
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Chen Hua
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaoxi Lin
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.
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Han Y, Chang Y, Wang J, Li N, Yu Y, Yang Z, Lv W, Liu W, Yin J, Wu J. A study predicting long-term survival capacity in postoperative advanced gastric cancer patients based on MAOA and subcutaneous muscle fat characteristics. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:184. [PMID: 39010072 PMCID: PMC11251287 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is relatively poor, and long-term survival depends on timely intervention. Currently, predicting survival rates remains a hot topic. The application of radiomics and immunohistochemistry-related techniques in cancer research is increasingly widespread. However, their integration for predicting long-term survival in AGC patients has not been fully explored. METHODS We Collected 150 patients diagnosed with AGC at the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University who underwent radical surgery between 2015 and 2019. Following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 90 patients were included in the analysis. We Collected postoperative pathological specimens from enrolled patients, analyzed the expression levels of MAOA using immunohistochemical techniques, and quantified these levels as the MAOAHScore. Obtained plain abdominal CT images from patients, delineated the region of interest at the L3 vertebral body level, and extracted radiomics features. Lasso Cox regression was used to select significant features to establish a radionics risk score, convert it into a categorical variable named risk, and use Cox regression to identify independent predictive factors for constructing a clinical prediction model. ROC, DCA, and calibration curves validated the model's performance. RESULTS The enrolled patients had an average age of 65.71 years, including 70 males and 20 females. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that risk (P = 0.001, HR = 3.303), MAOAHScore (P = 0.043, HR = 2.055), and TNM stage (P = 0.047, HR = 2.273) emerged as independent prognostic risk factors for 3-year overall survival (OS) and The Similar results were found in the analysis of 3-year disease-specific survival (DSS). The nomogram developed could predict 3-year OS and DSS rates, with areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of 0.81 and 0.797, respectively. Joint calibration and decision curve analyses (DCA) confirmed the nomogram's good predictive performance and clinical utility. CONCLUSION Integrating immunohistochemistry and muscle fat features provides a more accurate prediction of long-term survival in gastric cancer patients. This study offers new perspectives and methods for a deeper understanding of survival prediction in AGC.
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Grants
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
- No. 243, 2021 Dalian Deng Feng Program
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Han
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yaoyuan Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Nanbo Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhengbo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Weipeng Lv
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenfei Liu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiajun Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.
| | - Ju Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.
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Wang G, Muñoz-Rojas AR, Spallanzani RG, Franklin RA, Benoist C, Mathis D. Adipose-tissue Treg cells restrain differentiation of stromal adipocyte precursors to promote insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis. Immunity 2024; 57:1345-1359.e5. [PMID: 38692280 PMCID: PMC11188921 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells in epidydimal visceral adipose tissue (eVAT) of lean mice and humans regulate metabolic homeostasis. We found that constitutive or punctual depletion of eVAT-Treg cells reined in the differentiation of stromal adipocyte precursors. Co-culture of these precursors with conditional medium from eVAT-Treg cells limited their differentiation in vitro, suggesting a direct effect. Transcriptional comparison of adipocyte precursors, matured in the presence or absence of the eVAT-Treg-conditioned medium, identified the oncostatin-M (OSM) signaling pathway as a key distinction. Addition of OSM to in vitro cultures blocked the differentiation of adipocyte precursors, while co-addition of anti-OSM antibodies reversed the ability of the eVAT-Treg-conditioned medium to inhibit in vitro adipogenesis. Genetic depletion of OSM (specifically in Treg) cells or of the OSM receptor (specifically on stromal cells) strongly impaired insulin sensitivity and related metabolic indices. Thus, Treg-cell-mediated control of local progenitor cells maintains adipose tissue and metabolic homeostasis, a regulatory axis seemingly conserved in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Ruth A Franklin
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Diane Mathis
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Jin C, Wang S, Sui X, Meng Q, Wu G. Low expression of ELOVL6 may be involved in fat loss in white adipose tissue of cancer-associated cachexia. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:144. [PMID: 38760797 PMCID: PMC11100253 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) arises from malignant tumors and leads to a debilitating wasting syndrome. In the pathophysiology of CAC, the depletion of fat plays an important role. The mechanisms of CAC-induced fat loss include the enhancement of lipolysis, inhibition of lipogenesis, and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). However, few lipid-metabolic enzymes have been reported to be involved in CAC. This study hypothesized that ELOVL6, a critical enzyme for the elongation of fatty acids, may be involved in fat loss in CAC. METHODS Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to identify CAC-related genes in the WAT of a CAC rodent model. Then, the expression level of ELOVL6 and the fatty acid composition were analyzed in a large clinical sample. Elovl6 was knocked down by siRNA in 3T3-L1 mouse preadipocytes to compare with wild-type 3T3-L1 cells treated with tumor cell conditioned medium. RESULTS In the WAT of patients with CAC, a significant decrease in the expression of ELOVL6 was found, which was linearly correlated with the extent of body mass reduction. Gas chromatographic analysis revealed an increase in palmitic acid (C16:0) and a decrease in linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) in these tissue samples. After treatment with tumor cell-conditioned medium, 3T3-L1 mouse preadipocytes showed a decrease in Elovl6 expression, and Elovl6-knockdown cells exhibited a reduction in preadipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. Similarly, the knockdown of Elovl6 in 3T3-L1 cells resulted in a significant increase in palmitic acid (C16:0) and a marked decrease in oleic acid (C18:1n-9) content. CONCLUSION Overall, the expression of ELOVL6 was decreased in the WAT of CAC patients. Decreased expression of ELOVL6 might induce fat loss in CAC patients by potentially altering the fatty acid composition of adipocytes. These findings suggest that ELOVL6 may be used as a valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis of CAC and may hold promise as a target for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangjie Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Sui
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyang Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guohao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Ilyasova T, Ahmad A, Shi H, Chekhonin V. Therapeutic application of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in myocardial infarction. iScience 2024; 27:109791. [PMID: 38736548 PMCID: PMC11088339 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The insufficiency of natural regeneration processes in higher organisms, including humans, underlies myocardial infarction (MI), which is one of the main causes of disability and mortality in the population of developed countries. The solution to this problem lies in the field of revealing the mechanisms of regeneration and creating on this basis new technologies for stimulating endogenous regenerative processes or replacing lost parts of tissues and organs with transplanted cells. Of great interest is the use of the so-called stromal vascular fraction (SVF), derived from autologous adipose tissue. It is known that the main functions of SVF are angiogenetic, antiapoptotic, antifibrotic, immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, and trophic. This study presents data on the possibility of using SVF, targeted regulation of its properties and reparative potential, as well as the results of research studies on its use for the restoration of damaged ischemic tissue after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 1500, China
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- The National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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7
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Lefevre C, Thibaut MM, Loumaye A, Thissen JP, Neyrinck AM, Navez B, Delzenne NM, Feron O, Bindels LB. Tumoral acidosis promotes adipose tissue depletion by fostering adipocyte lipolysis. Mol Metab 2024; 83:101930. [PMID: 38570069 PMCID: PMC11027574 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumour progression drives profound alterations in host metabolism, such as adipose tissue depletion, an early event of cancer cachexia. As fatty acid consumption by cancer cells increases upon acidosis of the tumour microenvironment, we reasoned that fatty acids derived from distant adipose lipolysis may sustain tumour fatty acid craving, leading to the adipose tissue loss observed in cancer cachexia. METHODS To evaluate the pro-lipolytic capacities of acid-exposed cancer cells, primary mouse adipocytes from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue were exposed to pH-matched conditioned medium from human and murine acid-exposed cancer cells (pH 6.5), compared to naive cancer cells (pH 7.4). To further address the role of tumoral acidosis on adipose tissue loss, a pH-low insertion peptide was injected into tumour-bearing mice, and tumoral acidosis was neutralised with a sodium bicarbonate buffer. Prolipolytic mediators were identified by transcriptomic approaches and validated on murine and human adipocytes. RESULTS Here, we reveal that acid-exposed cancer cells promote lipolysis from subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes and that dampening acidosis in vivo inhibits adipose tissue depletion. We further found a set of well-known prolipolytic factors enhanced upon acidosis adaptation and unravelled a role for β-glucuronidase (GUSB) as a promising new actor in adipocyte lipolysis. CONCLUSIONS Tumoral acidosis promotes the mobilization of fatty acids derived from adipocytes via the release of soluble factors by cancer cells. Our work paves the way for therapeutic approaches aimed at tackling cachexia by targeting the tumour acidic compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Lefevre
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Morgane M Thibaut
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, IREC, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, IREC, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit Navez
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Welbio Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Welbio Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
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Guo T, Zhao S, Zhu W, Zhou H, Cheng H. Research progress on the biological basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine syndromes of gastrointestinal cancers. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20653. [PMID: 38027682 PMCID: PMC10643116 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers account for 11.6 % of all cancers, and are the second most frequently diagnosed type of cancer worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), together with Western medicine or alone, has unique advantages for the prevention and treatment of cancers, including gastrointestinal cancers. Syndrome differentiation and treatment are basic characteristics of the theoretical system of TCM. TCM syndromes are the result of the differentiation of the syndrome and the basis of treatment. Genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, intestinal microbiota, and serology, generated around the central law, are used to study the biological basis of TCM syndromes in gastrointestinal cancers. This review summarizes current research on the biological basis of TCM syndrome in gastrointestinal cancers and provides useful references for future research on TCM syndrome in gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Guo
- Institute of Health and Regimen, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shuoqi Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wenjian Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hongguang Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Departments of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Haibo Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Departments of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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9
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Liu SQ, Chen DY, Li B, Gao ZJ, Feng HF, Yu X, Liu Z, Wang Y, Li WG, Sun S, Sun SR, Wu Q. Single-cell analysis of white adipose tissue reveals the tumor-promoting adipocyte subtypes. J Transl Med 2023; 21:470. [PMID: 37454080 PMCID: PMC10349475 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor-adipose microenvironment (TAME) is characterized by the enrichment of adipocytes, and is considered a special ecosystem that supports cancer progression. However, the heterogeneity and diversity of adipocytes in TAME remains poorly understood. METHODS We conducted a single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of adipocytes in mouse and human white adipose tissue (WAT). We analyzed several adipocyte subtypes to evaluate their relationship and potential as prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). The potential drugs are screened by using bioinformatics methods. The tumor-promoting effects of a typical adipocyte subtype in breast cancer are validated by performing in vitro functional assays and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in clinical samples. RESULTS We profiled a comprehensive single-cell atlas of adipocyte in mouse and human WAT and described their characteristics, origins, development, functions and interactions with immune cells. Several cancer-associated adipocyte subtypes, namely DPP4+ adipocytes in visceral adipose and ADIPOQ+ adipocytes in subcutaneous adipose, are identified. We found that high levels of these subtypes are associated with unfavorable outcomes in four typical adipose-associated cancers. Some potential drugs including Trametinib, Selumetinib and Ulixertinib are discovered. Emphatically, knockdown of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and AdipoR2 impaired the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells. Patients with AdipoR2-high breast cancer display significantly shorter relapse-free survival (RFS) than those with AdipoR2-low breast cancer. CONCLUSION Our results provide a novel understanding of TAME at the single-cell level. Based on our findings, several adipocyte subtypes have negative impact on prognosis. These cancer-associated adipocytes may serve as key prognostic predictor and potential targets for treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qing Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Yuan Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jie Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Fang Feng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Huangshi Central Hospital, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ge Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Artemed Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sheng-Rong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Wu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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10
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He M, Chen ZF, Zhang L, Gao X, Chong X, Li HS, Shen L, Ji J, Zhang X, Dong B, Li ZY, Lei T. Associations of subcutaneous fat area and Systemic Immune-inflammation Index with survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving dual PD-1 and HER2 blockade. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007054. [PMID: 37349127 PMCID: PMC10314655 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII) and body composition parameters are easily assessed, and can predict overall survival (OS) in various cancers, allowing early intervention. This study aimed to assess the correlation between CT-derived body composition parameters and SII and OS in patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving dual programmed death-1 (PD-1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) blockade. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study enrolled patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with dual PD-1 and HER2 blockade from March 2019 to June 2022. We developed a deep learning model based on nnU-Net to automatically segment skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat and visceral fat at the third lumbar level, and calculated the corresponding Skeletal Muscle Index, skeletal muscle density, subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and visceral fat area. SII was computed using the formula that total peripheral platelet count×neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to determine the associations between SII, body composition parameters and OS. RESULTS The automatic segmentation deep learning model was developed to efficiently segment body composition in 158 patients (0.23 s/image). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that high SII (HR=2.49 (95% CI 1.54 to 4.01), p<0.001) and high SFA (HR=0.42 (95% CI 0.24 to 0.73), p=0.002) were independently associated with OS, whereas sarcopenia was not an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR=1.41 (95% CI 0.86 to 2.31), p=0.173). In further analysis, patients with high SII and low SFA had worse long-term prognosis compared with those with low SII and high SFA (HR=8.19 (95% CI 3.91 to 17.16), p<0.001). CONCLUSION Pretreatment SFA and SII were significantly associated with OS in patients with advanced gastric cancer. A comprehensive analysis of SII and SFA may improve the prognostic stratification of patients with gastric cancer receiving dual PD-1 and HER2 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng He
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Fan Chen
- Center for Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Shen Li
- Center for Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research, Peking University; Center for Machine Learning Research, Peking University; National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yu Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tang Lei
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
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Molfino A, Imbimbo G, Muscaritoli M. Metabolic and histomorphological changes of adipose tissue in cachexia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:235-242. [PMID: 36942899 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To describe the role of the main changes occurring in adipose tissue during cachexia and how these affects patient's outcomes, with a specific focus on cancer. RECENT FINDINGS In cachexia, the changes within the adipose tissue have been recently described as the presence of inflammatory infiltration (T-lymphocytes and macrophages), enhanced fibrosis, and the occurrence of beige adipocytes (i.e., browning). The latter one is a process driving cachexia enhancing thermogenesis, primarily via modulation of uncoupling protein 1. Also, increased lipolysis of white adipose tissue, especially in cancer, via higher expression of hormone sensible and adipose tissue triglyceride lipases, was detected in experimental models and in human adipose tissue. Other systemic metabolic alterations occur in association with changes in adiposity, including insulin resistance and increased inflammation, all conditions associated with a worse outcome. Moreover, these profound metabolic alterations were shown to be implicated in several consequences, including extreme and progressive unvoluntary body weight loss. SUMMARY Alterations in adiposity occur early during cachexia. Adipose tissue atrophy, as well as metabolic changes of white adipose tissues were observed to be pivotal in cachexia, and to be implicated in several clinical complications and poor prognosis.Further research is necessary to clarify the mechanisms underlying the loss of adiposity and therefore to identify novel therapeutic options to counteract this phenomenon in cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Molfino
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Tang L, Li T, Xie J, Huo Y. Diversity and heterogeneity in human breast cancer adipose tissue revealed at single-nucleus resolution. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1158027. [PMID: 37153595 PMCID: PMC10160491 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1158027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is increasing awareness of the role of adipose tissue in breast cancer occurrence and development, but no comparison of adipose adjacent to breast cancer tissues and adipose adjacent to normal breast tissues has been reported. Methods Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) was used to analyze cancer-adjacent and normal adipose tissues from the same breast cancer patient to characterize heterogeneity. SnRNA-seq was performed on 54513 cells from six samples of normal breast adipose tissue (N) distant from the tumor and tumor-adjacent adipose tissue (T) from the three patients (all surgically resected). Results and discussion Significant diversity was detected in cell subgroups, differentiation status and, gene expression profiles. Breast cancer induces inflammatory gene profiles in most adipose cell types, such as macrophages, endothelial cells, and adipocytes. Furthermore, breast cancer decreased lipid uptake and the lipolytic phenotype and caused a switch to lipid biosynthesis and an inflammatory state in adipocytes. The in vivo trajectory of adipogenesis revealed distinct transcriptional stages. Breast cancer induced reprogramming across many cell types in breast cancer adipose tissues. Cellular remodeling was investigated by alterations in cell proportions, transcriptional profiles and cell-cell interactions. Breast cancer biology and novel biomarkers and therapy targets may be exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Tang
- Advanced Medical Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lina Tang, ; Yanping Huo,
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanping Huo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lina Tang, ; Yanping Huo,
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