1
|
Celebi D, Celebi O, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A, Baser S, Aydın E, Calina D, Charvalos E, Docea AO, Tsatsakis A, Mezhuev Y, Yildirim S. Activity of zinc oxide and zinc borate nanoparticles against resistant bacteria in an experimental lung cancer model. Daru 2024; 32:197-206. [PMID: 38366078 PMCID: PMC11087447 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-024-00505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research indicates a prevalence of typical lung infections, such as pneumonia, in lung cancer patients. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii stand out as antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Given this, there is a growing interest in alternative therapeutic avenues. Boron and zinc derivatives exhibit antimicrobial, antiviral, and antifungal properties. OBJECTIVES This research aimed to establish the effectiveness of ZnO and ZB NPs in combating bacterial infections in lung cancer cell lines. METHODS Initially, this study determined the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and zinc borate (ZB) on chosen benchmark strains. Subsequent steps involved gauging treatment success through a lung cancer-bacteria combined culture and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS The inhibitory impact of ZnO NPs on bacteria was charted as follows: 0.97 µg/mL for K. pneumoniae 700603, 1.95 µg/mL for P. aeruginosa 27853, and 7.81 µg/mL for Acinetobacter baumannii 19,606. In comparison, the antibacterial influence of zinc borate was measured as 7.81 µg/mL for Klebsiella pneumoniae 700603 and 500 µg/mL for both P. aeruginosa 27853 and A.baumannii 19606. After 24 h, the cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs and ZB was analyzed using the MTT technique. The lowest cell viability was marked in the 500 µg/mL ZB NPs group, with a viability rate of 48.83% (P < 0.001). However, marked deviations appeared at ZB concentrations of 61.5 µg/mL (P < 0.05) and ZnO NPs at 125 µg/mL. CONCLUSION A synergistic microbial inhibitory effect was observed when ZnO NP and ZB were combined against the bacteria under investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Demet Celebi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Ataturk University, Ataturk University Avenue, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
- Vaccine Application and Development Center, Ataturk University, Ataturk University Avenue, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Celebi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ataturk University, Ataturk University Avenue, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Seyh Edebali University, 27 Fatih Sultan Mehmet Avenue, Bilecik, 11000, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Baser
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ataturk University, Ataturk University Avenue, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Elif Aydın
- Tavsanli Vocational School of Health Services, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Sehit Ali Gaffar Okan Avenue, Kutahya, 430200, Turkey
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | | | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, Greece.
| | - Yaroslav Mezhuev
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya Square, Moscow, 125047, Russia
- Laboratory of Heterochain Polymers, A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ataturk University, Ataturk University Avenue, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maimone NM, Apaza-Castillo GA, Quecine MC, de Lira SP. Accessing the specialized metabolome of actinobacteria from the bulk soil of Paullinia cupana Mart. on the Brazilian Amazon: a promising source of bioactive compounds against soybean phytopathogens. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1863-1882. [PMID: 38421597 PMCID: PMC11153476 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The Amazon rainforest, an incredibly biodiverse ecosystem, has been increasingly vulnerable to deforestation. Despite its undeniable importance and potential, the Amazonian microbiome has historically received limited study, particularly in relation to its unique arsenal of specialized metabolites. Therefore, in this study our aim was to assess the metabolic diversity and the antifungal activity of actinobacterial strains isolated from the bulk soil of Paullinia cupana, a native crop, in the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest. Extracts from 24 strains were subjected to UPLC-MS/MS analysis using an integrative approach that relied on the Chemical Structural and Compositional Similarity (CSCS) metric, GNPS molecular networking, and in silico dereplication tools. This procedure allowed the comprehensive understanding of the chemical space encompassed by these actinobacteria, which consists of features belonging to known bioactive metabolite classes and several unannotated molecular families. Among the evaluated strains, five isolates exhibited bioactivity against a panel of soybean fungal phytopathogens (Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum). A focused inspection led to the annotation of pepstatins, oligomycins, hydroxamate siderophores and dorrigocins as metabolites produced by these bioactive strains, with potentially unknown compounds also comprising their metabolomes. This study introduces a pragmatic protocol grounded in established and readily available tools for the annotation of metabolites and the prioritization of strains to optimize further isolation of specialized metabolites. Conclusively, we demonstrate the relevance of the Amazonian actinobacteria as sources for bioactive metabolites useful for agriculture. We also emphasize the importance of preserving this biome and conducting more in-depth studies on its microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naydja Moralles Maimone
- College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Exact Sciences, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Gladys Angélica Apaza-Castillo
- College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Quecine
- College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Simone Possedente de Lira
- College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", Department of Exact Sciences, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shende VV, Bauman KD, Moore BS. The shikimate pathway: gateway to metabolic diversity. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:604-648. [PMID: 38170905 PMCID: PMC11043010 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Covering: 1997 to 2023The shikimate pathway is the metabolic process responsible for the biosynthesis of the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. Seven metabolic steps convert phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and erythrose 4-phosphate (E4P) into shikimate and ultimately chorismate, which serves as the branch point for dedicated aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. Bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants (yet not animals) biosynthesize chorismate and exploit its intermediates in their specialized metabolism. This review highlights the metabolic diversity derived from intermediates of the shikimate pathway along the seven steps from PEP and E4P to chorismate, as well as additional sections on compounds derived from prephenate, anthranilate and the synonymous aminoshikimate pathway. We discuss the genomic basis and biochemical support leading to shikimate-derived antibiotics, lipids, pigments, cofactors, and other metabolites across the tree of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram V Shende
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Katherine D Bauman
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Bradley S Moore
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Y, Wang J, Huang JB, Li XF, Chen Y, Liu K, Zhao M, Huang XL, Gao XL, Luo YN, Tao W, Wu J, Xue ZL. Advances in regulating vitamin K 2 production through metabolic engineering strategies. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:8. [PMID: 37938463 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin K2 (menaquinone, VK2, MK) is an essential lipid-soluble vitamin that plays critical roles in inhibiting cell ferroptosis, improving blood clotting, and preventing osteoporosis. The increased global demand for VK2 has inspired interest in novel production strategies. In this review, various novel metabolic regulation strategies, including static and dynamic metabolic regulation, are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of both strategies are analyzed in-depth to highlight the bottlenecks facing microbial VK2 production on an industrial scale. Finally, advanced metabolic engineering biotechnology for future microbial VK2 production will also be discussed. In summary, this review provides in-depth information and offers an outlook on metabolic engineering strategies for VK2 production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China.
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Jun-Bao Huang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China.
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China.
| | - Xi-Lin Huang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Xu-Li Gao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Ya-Ni Luo
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Wei Tao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Zheng-Lian Xue
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, 241000, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, 241000, Wuhu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yan G, Fu L, Lu X, Xie Y, Zhao J, Tang J, Zhou D. Microalgae tolerant of boron stress and bioresources accumulation during the boron removal process. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112639. [PMID: 34995545 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) industry and consuming produce large amounts of B-containing wastewater. Low tolerance of microorganisms and plants resulted in the biological removal of B was limited. Microalgae show high adaptability in adverse environments. Whether microalgae able to be utilized in B removal meanwhile produce bioresources, and the B tolerant mechanisms and regulation pathway of microalgae are unclear. In this study, the cell growth, B removal, and lipid/starch production of Chlorella regularis under different levels of B stress (0.5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/L) were examined. The mechanisms of signal perception and response were explored by transcriptome and network analysis. Microalgae tolerated 25 mg/L high B stress, cell growth showed no decline and biomass reach up to 4.5 g/L. Microalgae took in B with 3.35 mg/g and bonded them to protein and carbon components in cells, the B removal capability was higher than some special adsorbents. Microalgae produced 188.65 mg/(L∙d) lipids and 305.35 mg/(L∙d) starch. The mitogen-activated protein-kinase signaling pathway was involved in the B tolerance of microalgae and regulated B efflux, glycolysis, and lipid/starch accumulation to relieve B stress. This study provides potential biological technique for B removal in wastewater and promotes new insight into signal role in toxic pollutants biological treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yan
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Liang Fu
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Xin Lu
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Yutong Xie
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaqing Tang
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dudiak BM, Nguyen TM, Needham D, Outlaw TC, McCafferty DG. Inhibition of the futalosine pathway for menaquinone biosynthesis suppresses Chlamydia trachomatis infection. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2995-3005. [PMID: 34741525 PMCID: PMC9980418 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis, an obligate intracellular bacterium with limited metabolic capabilities, possesses the futalosine pathway for menaquinone biosynthesis. Futalosine pathway enzymes have promise as narrow-spectrum antibiotic targets, but the activity and essentiality of chlamydial menaquinone biosynthesis have yet to be established. In this work, menaquinone-7 (MK-7) was identified as a C. trachomatis-produced quinone through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. An immunofluorescence-based assay revealed that treatment of C. trachomatis-infected HeLa cells with the futalosine pathway inhibitor docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduced inclusion number, inclusion size, and infectious progeny. Supplementation with MK-7 nanoparticles rescued the effect of DHA on inclusion number, indicating that the futalosine pathway is a target of DHA in this system. These results open the door for menaquinone biosynthesis inhibitors to be pursued in antichlamydial development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tri M. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David Needham
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Identification of pulvomycin as an inhibitor of the futalosine pathway. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:825-829. [PMID: 34417567 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Menaquinone is an essential cofactor in the electron-transfer pathway for bacteria. Menaquinone is biosynthesized from chorismate using either the well-known canonical pathway established by pioneering studies in model microorganisms or the futalosine pathway, which we discovered in Streptomyces. Because Helicobacter pylori, which causes stomach cancer, uses the futalosine pathway and most beneficial intestinal bacteria including lactobacilli use the canonical pathway, the futalosine pathway will be a great target to develop antibiotics specific for H. pylori. Here, we searched for such compounds from metabolites produced by actinomycetes and identified pulvomycin from culture broth of Streptomyces sp. K18-0194 as a specific inhibitor of the futalosine pathway.
Collapse
|
8
|
Liao C, Ayansola H, Ma Y, Ito K, Guo Y, Zhang B. Advances in Enhanced Menaquinone-7 Production From Bacillus subtilis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:695526. [PMID: 34354987 PMCID: PMC8330505 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.695526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of nutraceutical compounds through biosynthetic approaches has received considerable attention in recent years. For example, Menaquinone-7 (MK-7), a sub-type of Vitamin K2, biosynthesized from Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), proved to be more efficiently produced than the conventional chemical synthesis techniques. This is possible due to the development of B. subtilis as a chassis cell during the biosynthesis stages. Hence, it is imperative to provide insights on the B. subtilis membrane permeability modifications, biofilm reactors, and fermentation optimization as advanced techniques relevant to MK-7 production. Although the traditional gene-editing method of homologous recombination improves the biosynthetic pathway, CRISPR-Cas9 could potentially resolve the drawbacks of traditional genome editing techniques. For these reasons, future studies should explore the applications of CRISPRi (CRISPR interference) and CRISPRa (CRISPR activation) system gene-editing tools in the MK-7 anabolism pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hammed Ayansola
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Ma
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Koichi Ito
- Department of Food and Physiological Models, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ogasawara Y, Dairi T. Discovery of an alternative pathway of peptidoglycan biosynthesis: A new target for pathway specific inhibitors. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 48:6296644. [PMID: 34114638 PMCID: PMC8788868 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls is a biopolymer consisting of sugars and amino acids and plays important role in maintaining cell integrity from the environment. Its biosynthesis is a major target for antibiotics and the genes and enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway have been well studied. However, we recently identified an alternative pathway in the early stage of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in Xanthomonas oryzae, a plant pathogen causing bacterial blight disease of rice. The distribution of the alternative pathway is limited to relatively few bacterial genera that contain many pathogenic species, including Xylella and Stenotrophomonas, besides Xanthomonas. Thus, the alternative pathway is an attractive target for the development of narrow spectrum antibiotics specific to pathogens. In this minireview, we summarize the discovery of the alternative pathway and identification of its specific inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Ogasawara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13 & W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tohru Dairi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13 & W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Estevez-Fregoso E, Farfán-García ED, García-Coronel IH, Martínez-Herrera E, Alatorre A, Scorei RI, Soriano-Ursúa MA. Effects of boron-containing compounds in the fungal kingdom. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 65:126714. [PMID: 33453473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of known boron-containing compounds (BCCs) is increasing due to their identification in nature and innovative synthesis procedures. Their effects on the fungal kingdom are interesting, and some of their mechanisms of action have recently been elucidated. METHODS In this review, scientific reports from relevant chemistry and biomedical databases were collected and analyzed. RESULTS It is notable that several BCC actions in fungi induce social and economic benefits for humans. In fact, boric acid was traditionally used for multiple purposes, but some novel synthetic BCCs are effective antifungal agents, particularly in their action against pathogen species, and some were recently approved for use in humans. Moreover, most reports testing BCCs in fungal species suggest a limiting effect of these compounds on some vital reactions. CONCLUSIONS New BCCs have been synthesized and tested for innovative technological and biomedical emerging applications, and new interest is developing for discovering new strategic compounds that can act as environmental or wood protectors, as well as antimycotic agents that let us improve food acquisition and control some human infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Estevez-Fregoso
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, Mexico
| | - Eunice D Farfán-García
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, Mexico.
| | - Itzel H García-Coronel
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, Mexico; Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal México-Puebla km 34.5, C.P. 56530, Ixtapaluca, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Erick Martínez-Herrera
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal México-Puebla km 34.5, C.P. 56530, Ixtapaluca, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Alberto Alatorre
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, Mexico
| | - Romulus I Scorei
- BioBoron Research Institute, Dunarii 31B Street, 207465, Podari, Romania
| | - Marvin A Soriano-Ursúa
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chakraborti M, Schlachter S, Primus S, Wagner J, Sweet B, Carr Z, Cornell KA, Parveen N. Evaluation of Nucleoside Analogs as Antimicrobials Targeting Unique Enzymes in Borrelia burgdorferi. Pathogens 2020; 9:E678. [PMID: 32825529 PMCID: PMC7557402 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9090678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The first line therapy for Lyme disease is treatment with doxycycline, amoxicillin, or cefuroxime. In endemic regions, the persistence of symptoms in many patients after completion of antibiotic treatment remains a major healthcare concern. The causative agent of Lyme disease is a spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, an extreme auxotroph that cannot exist under free-living conditions and depends upon the tick vector and mammalian hosts to fulfill its nutritional needs. Despite lacking all major biosynthetic pathways, B. burgdorferi uniquely possesses three homologous and functional methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidases (MTANs: Bgp, MtnN, and Pfs) involved in methionine and purine salvage, underscoring the critical role these enzymes play in the life cycle of the spirochete. At least one MTAN, Bgp, is exceptional in its presence on the surface of Lyme spirochetes and its dual functionality in nutrient salvage and glycosaminoglycan binding involved in host-cell adherence. Thus, MTANs offer highly promising targets for discovery of new antimicrobials. Here we report on our studies to evaluate five nucleoside analogs for MTAN inhibitory activity, and cytotoxic or cytostatic effects on a bioluminescently engineered strain of B. burgdorferi. All five compounds were either alternate substrates and/or inhibitors of MTAN activity, and reduced B. burgdorferi growth. Two inhibitors: 5'-deoxy-5'-iodoadenosine (IADO) and 5'-deoxy-5'-ethyl-immucillin A (dEt-ImmA) showed bactericidal activity. Thus, these inhibitors exhibit high promise and form the foundation for development of novel and effective antimicrobials to treat Lyme disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monideep Chakraborti
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (M.C.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Samantha Schlachter
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (M.C.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
- Department of Biology, Saint Elizabeth University, 2 Convent Road, Henderson Hall Room 112C, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Shekerah Primus
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (M.C.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Julie Wagner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (J.W.); (B.S.); (Z.C.); (K.A.C.)
- Bridges to Baccalaureate Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Brandi Sweet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (J.W.); (B.S.); (Z.C.); (K.A.C.)
- Bridges to Baccalaureate Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Zoey Carr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (J.W.); (B.S.); (Z.C.); (K.A.C.)
- Bridges to Baccalaureate Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Cornell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (J.W.); (B.S.); (Z.C.); (K.A.C.)
- Biomolecular Research Center; Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Nikhat Parveen
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (M.C.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
A Perspective on Enzyme Inhibitors from Marine Organisms. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18090431. [PMID: 32824888 PMCID: PMC7551548 DOI: 10.3390/md18090431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine habitats are promising sources for the identification of novel organisms as well as natural products. Still, we lack detailed knowledge on most of the marine biosphere. In the last decade, a number of reports described the potential of identifying novel bioactive compounds or secondary metabolites from marine environments. This is, and will be, a promising source for candidate compounds in pharma research and chemical biology. In recent years, a number of novel techniques were introduced into the field, and it has become easier to actually prospect for natural products, such as enzyme inhibitors. These novel compounds then need to be characterized and evaluated in comparison to well-known representatives. A number of current research projects target the exploitation of marine organisms and thus the corresponding diversity of metabolites. These are often encountered as potential drugs or biological active compounds. Among these, the class of enzyme inhibitors is an important group of compounds. There is room for new discoveries, and some more recent discoveries are highlighted herein.
Collapse
|
13
|
Design and discovery of boronic acid drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 195:112270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
14
|
Venkateskumar K, Parasuraman S, Chuen LY, Ravichandran V, Balamurgan S. Exploring Antimicrobials from the Flora and Fauna of Marine: Opportunities and Limitations. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2020; 17:507-514. [PMID: 31424372 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666190819141344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
About 95% of earth living space lies deep below the ocean's surface and it harbors extraordinary diversity of marine organisms. Marine biodiversity is an exceptional reservoir of natural products, bioactive compounds, nutraceuticals and other potential compounds of commercial value. Timeline for the development of the drug from a plant, synthetic and other alternative sources is too lengthy. Exploration of the marine environment for potential bioactive compounds has gained focus and huge opportunity lies ahead for the exploration of such vast resources in the ocean. Further, the evolution of superbugs with increasing resistance to the currently available drugs is alarming and it needs coordinated efforts to resolve them. World Health Organization recommends the need and necessity to develop effective bioactive compounds to combat problems associated with antimicrobial resistance. Based on these factors, it is imperative to shift the focus towards the marine environment for potential bioactive compounds that could be utilized to tackle antimicrobial resistance. Current research trends also indicate the huge strides in research involving marine environment for drug discovery. The objective of this review article is to provide an overview of marine resources, recently reported research from marine resources, challenges, future research prospects in the marine environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Subramani Parasuraman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Jalan Bedong-Semeling, 08100 Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Leow Y Chuen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Jalan Bedong-Semeling, 08100 Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Veerasamy Ravichandran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Jalan Bedong-Semeling, 08100 Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Microbial production of vitamin K2: current status and future prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 39:107453. [PMID: 31629792 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin K2, also called menaquinone, is an essential lipid-soluble vitamin that plays a critical role in blood clotting and prevention of osteoporosis. It has become a focus of research in recent years and has been widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. This review will briefly introduce the functions and applications of vitamin K2 first, after which the biosynthesis pathways and enzymes will be analyzed in-depth to highlight the bottlenecks facing the microbial vitamin K2 production on the industrial scale. Then, various strategies, including strain mutagenesis and genetic modification, different cultivation modes, fermentation and separation processes, will be summarized and discussed. The future prospects and perspectives of microbial menaquinone production will also be discussed finally.
Collapse
|
16
|
Searching for potent and specific antibiotics against pathogenic Helicobacter and Campylobacter strains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 46:409-414. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2108-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Menaquinone is an obligatory component of the electron-transfer pathway in microorganisms. Its biosynthetic pathway was established by pioneering studies with Escherichia coli and it was revealed to be derived from chorismate by Men enzymes. However, we identified an alternative pathway, the futalosine pathway, operating in some microorganisms including Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter jejuni, which cause gastric carcinoma and diarrhea, respectively. Because some useful intestinal bacteria, such as lactobacilli, use the canonical pathway, the futalosine pathway is an attractive target for development of chemotherapeutics for the abovementioned pathogens. In this mini-review, we summarize compounds that inhibit Mqn enzymes involved in the futalosine pathway discovered to date.
Collapse
|