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Cavestro C, Morra F, Legati A, D'Amato M, Nasca A, Iuso A, Lubarr N, Morrison JL, Wheeler PG, Serra‐Juhé C, Rodríguez‐Santiago B, Turón‐Viñas E, Prouteau C, Barth M, Hayflick SJ, Ghezzi D, Tiranti V, Di Meo I. Emerging variants, unique phenotypes, and transcriptomic signatures: an integrated study of COASY-associated diseases. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:1615-1629. [PMID: 38750253 PMCID: PMC11187879 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE COASY, the gene encoding the bifunctional enzyme CoA synthase, which catalyzes the last two reactions of cellular de novo coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis, has been linked to two exceedingly rare autosomal recessive disorders, such as COASY protein-associated neurodegeneration (CoPAN), a form of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA), and pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 12 (PCH12). We aimed to expand the phenotypic spectrum and gain insights into the pathogenesis of COASY-related disorders. METHODS Patients were identified through targeted or exome sequencing. To unravel the molecular mechanisms of disease, RNA sequencing, bioenergetic analysis, and quantification of critical proteins were performed on fibroblasts. RESULTS We identified five new individuals harboring novel COASY variants. While one case exhibited classical CoPAN features, the others displayed atypical symptoms such as deafness, language and autism spectrum disorders, brain atrophy, and microcephaly. All patients experienced epilepsy, highlighting its potential frequency in COASY-related disorders. Fibroblast transcriptomic profiling unveiled dysregulated expression in genes associated with mitochondrial respiration, responses to oxidative stress, transmembrane transport, various cellular signaling pathways, and protein translation, modification, and trafficking. Bioenergetic analysis revealed impaired mitochondrial oxygen consumption in COASY fibroblasts. Despite comparable total CoA levels to control cells, the amounts of mitochondrial 4'-phosphopantetheinylated proteins were significantly reduced in COASY patients. INTERPRETATION These results not only extend the clinical phenotype associated with COASY variants but also suggest a continuum between CoPAN and PCH12. The intricate interplay of altered cellular processes and signaling pathways provides valuable insights for further research into the pathogenesis of COASY-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cavestro
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Francesca Morra
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Andrea Legati
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Marco D'Amato
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Alessia Nasca
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Arcangela Iuso
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- Institute of NeurogenomicsHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany
| | - Naomi Lubarr
- Department of NeurologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Beth IsraelNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | | | | | - Clara Serra‐Juhé
- Genetics DepartmentHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Benjamín Rodríguez‐Santiago
- Genetics DepartmentHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
- Genomic Instability Syndromes and DNA Repair Group and Join Research Unit on Genomic Medicine UAB‐Sant Pau Biomedical Research InstituteHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Eulalia Turón‐Viñas
- Child Neurology Unit, Pediatrics ServiceHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Magalie Barth
- Department of GeneticsUniversity Hospital of AngersAngersFrance
| | - Susan J. Hayflick
- Department of Molecular and Medical GeneticsOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of PediatricsOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of NeurologyOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
- Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Valeria Tiranti
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Ivano Di Meo
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
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Barritt SA, DuBois-Coyne SE, Dibble CC. Coenzyme A biosynthesis: mechanisms of regulation, function and disease. Nat Metab 2024; 6:1008-1023. [PMID: 38871981 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The tricarboxylic acid cycle, nutrient oxidation, histone acetylation and synthesis of lipids, glycans and haem all require the cofactor coenzyme A (CoA). Although the sources and regulation of the acyl groups carried by CoA for these processes are heavily studied, a key underlying question is less often considered: how is production of CoA itself controlled? Here, we discuss the many cellular roles of CoA and the regulatory mechanisms that govern its biosynthesis from cysteine, ATP and the essential nutrient pantothenate (vitamin B5), or from salvaged precursors in mammals. Metabolite feedback and signalling mechanisms involving acetyl-CoA, other acyl-CoAs, acyl-carnitines, MYC, p53, PPARα, PINK1 and insulin- and growth factor-stimulated PI3K-AKT signalling regulate the vitamin B5 transporter SLC5A6/SMVT and CoA biosynthesis enzymes PANK1, PANK2, PANK3, PANK4 and COASY. We also discuss methods for measuring CoA-related metabolites, compounds that target CoA biosynthesis and diseases caused by mutations in pathway enzymes including types of cataracts, cardiomyopathy and neurodegeneration (PKAN and COPAN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Barritt
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E DuBois-Coyne
- Department of Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian C Dibble
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Zheng Y, Liufu T, Wen B, Zhou C, Liu L, Qiu Y, Zou W, Zhang W, Li Y, Pei J, Zeng Y, Chen W, Zhang C, Yuan Y, Wang G, Yan C, Lu X, Deng J, Wang Z, Hong D. COASY variant as a new genetic cause of riboflavin-responsive lipid storage myopathy. Cell Discov 2024; 10:25. [PMID: 38413569 PMCID: PMC10899607 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tongling Liufu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Wen
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingchun Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yusen Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenquan Zou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Li
- Intelligence Pharma, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Pei
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiheng Zeng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wanjin Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Department of Research & Development of MILS International, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guochun Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Daojun Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Ghasemi MR, Tehrani Fateh S, Moeinafshar A, Sadeghi H, Karimzadeh P, Mirfakhraie R, Rezaei M, Hashemi-Gorji F, Rezvani Kashani M, Fazeli Bavandpour F, Bagheri S, Moghimi P, Rostami M, Madannejad R, Roudgari H, Miryounesi M. Broadening the phenotype and genotype spectrum of novel mutations in pontocerebellar hypoplasia with a comprehensive molecular literature review. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:51. [PMID: 38347586 PMCID: PMC10863249 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01810-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pontocerebellar hypoplasia is an umbrella term describing a heterogeneous group of prenatal neurodegenerative disorders mostly affecting the pons and cerebellum, with 17 types associated with 25 genes. However, some types of PCH lack sufficient information, which highlights the importance of investigating and introducing more cases to further elucidate the clinical, radiological, and biochemical features of these disorders. The aim of this study is to provide an in-depth review of PCH and to identify disease genes and their inheritance patterns in 12 distinct Iranian families with clinically confirmed PCH. METHODS Cases included in this study were selected based on their phenotypic and genetic information available at the Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to discover the underlying genetic etiology of participants' problems, and Sanger sequencing was utilized to confirm any suspected alterations. We also conducted a comprehensive molecular literature review to outline the genetic features of the various subtypes of PCH. RESULTS This study classified and described the underlying etiology of PCH into three categories based on the genes involved. Twelve patients also were included, eleven of whom were from consanguineous parents. Ten different variations in 8 genes were found, all of which related to different types of PCH. Six novel variations were reported, including SEPSECS, TSEN2, TSEN54, AMPD2, TOE1, and CLP1. Almost all patients presented with developmental delay, hypotonia, seizure, and microcephaly being common features. Strabismus and elevation in lactate levels in MR spectroscopy were novel phenotypes for the first time in PCH types 7 and 9. CONCLUSIONS This study merges previously documented phenotypes and genotypes with unique novel ones. Due to the diversity in PCH, we provided guidance for detecting and diagnosing these heterogeneous groups of disorders. Moreover, since certain critical conditions, such as spinal muscular atrophy, can be a differential diagnosis, providing cases with novel variations and clinical findings could further expand the genetic and clinical spectrum of these diseases and help in better diagnosis. Therefore, six novel genetic variants and novel clinical and paraclinical findings have been reported for the first time. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for PCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Ghasemi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, , Tehran, Iran
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Aysan Moeinafshar
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, , Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Karimzadeh
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Mofid Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Rezaei
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Hashemi-Gorji
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Rezvani Kashani
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Mofid Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saman Bagheri
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parinaz Moghimi
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Rostami
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Madannejad
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Roudgari
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miryounesi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, , Tehran, Iran.
- Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Guo H, Deng Z, Xu Q, Wang Z, Zeng X, Hong X, Wang Q, Sun Y, Yuan H. Genetic and prenatal diagnosis of a Chinese pedigree with pathogenic TOE1 variants causing pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2250895. [PMID: 37635087 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2250895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Biallelic pathogenic variants in TOE1 cause pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7 (PCH7), a rare neurological condition characterized by psychomotor retardation, spastic paraplegia, seizures, gonadal abnormalities and brain anomalies. Currently, only 14 postnatally diagnosed PCH7 patients have been described. However, the prenatal clinical profile of PCH7 has not yet been reported.Method: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to screen for causal variants.Results: We report the pedigree of a Chinese woman with two eventful pregnancies with fetuses that showed brain anomalies, including microcephaly, cerebral anomalies, enlarged ventricles, corpus callosum thinning, abnormal lateral fissure, underdeveloped insula and pons and brainstem hypoplasia. Interestingly, corpus callosum thinning was observed in fetus 1 but not in fetus 2. An abnormal lateral fissure and an underdeveloped insula were shown in fetus 2 but not fetus 1. Biallelic variants c.716T > C (p.Phe239Ser) and c.955C > T (p.His319Tyr) in TOE1 were identified in both fetuses.Conclusion: We first describe the prenatal features of a Chinese pedigree with PCH7 caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in TOE1, with phenotypic variability observed even within the same family. Novel phenotypes, an abnormal lateral fissure and an underdeveloped insula were observed in the fetus in our study. These findings will enrich our knowledge of the clinical characteristics, management and genetic counseling of PCH7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Guo
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Zhengxi Deng
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Xu
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Xiumei Zeng
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Hong
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Qingming Wang
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Genetics, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Haiming Yuan
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Genetics, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
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Cavestro C, Diodato D, Tiranti V, Di Meo I. Inherited Disorders of Coenzyme A Biosynthesis: Models, Mechanisms, and Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065951. [PMID: 36983025 PMCID: PMC10054636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme A (CoA) is a vital and ubiquitous cofactor required in a vast number of enzymatic reactions and cellular processes. To date, four rare human inborn errors of CoA biosynthesis have been described. These disorders have distinct symptoms, although all stem from variants in genes that encode enzymes involved in the same metabolic process. The first and last enzymes catalyzing the CoA biosynthetic pathway are associated with two neurological conditions, namely pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) and COASY protein-associated neurodegeneration (CoPAN), which belong to the heterogeneous group of neurodegenerations with brain iron accumulation (NBIA), while the second and third enzymes are linked to a rapidly fatal dilated cardiomyopathy. There is still limited information about the pathogenesis of these diseases, and the knowledge gaps need to be resolved in order to develop potential therapeutic approaches. This review aims to provide a summary of CoA metabolism and functions, and a comprehensive overview of what is currently known about disorders associated with its biosynthesis, including available preclinical models, proposed pathomechanisms, and potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cavestro
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Diodato
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Tiranti
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Ivano Di Meo
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
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7
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Rosati J, Johnson J, Stander Z, White A, Tortorelli S, Bailey D, Fong CT, Lee BH. Progressive brain atrophy and severe neurodevelopmental phenotype in siblings with biallelic COASY variants. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:842-845. [PMID: 36495139 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic pathogenic variants in the COASY gene have been associated with two distinct disease phenotypes, that is, COASY-protein associated neurodegeneration (CoPAN) and pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 12 (PCH 12). We present two siblings that independently presented with significant hypotonia and respiratory insufficiency at birth. Comprehensive genetic testing revealed homozygous variants within COASY, however, the progressive clinical and neuroradiologic findings described here are unique and have not been described previously. Magnetic resonance imaging showed progressive diffuse parenchymal loss throughout the bilateral cerebral hemispheres and atrophy of the basal ganglia and brainstem. As such, this article brings forth two additional cases of COASY-related disorder with abnormal newborn screening acylcarnitine profiles resembling carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1a (CPT1a) deficiency in two siblings who presented at birth with contractures, marked hypotonia and absent respiratory drive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Rosati
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Zinandre Stander
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amy White
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Silvia Tortorelli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Diana Bailey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Chin-To Fong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Bo Hoon Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
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8
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Mian SA, Philippe C, Maniati E, Protopapa P, Bergot T, Piganeau M, Nemkov T, Bella DD, Morales V, Finch AJ, D’Alessandro A, Bianchi K, Wang J, Gallipoli P, Kordasti S, Kubasch AS, Cross M, Platzbecker U, Wiseman DH, Bonnet D, Bernard DG, Gribben JG, Rouault-Pierre K. Vitamin B5 and succinyl-CoA improve ineffective erythropoiesis in SF3B1-mutated myelodysplasia. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabn5135. [PMID: 36857430 PMCID: PMC7614516 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and ring sideroblasts (MDS-RS) present with symptomatic anemia due to ineffective erythropoiesis that impedes their quality of life and increases morbidity. More than 80% of patients with MDS-RS harbor splicing factor 3B subunit 1 (SF3B1) mutations, the founder aberration driving MDS-RS disease. Here, we report how mis-splicing of coenzyme A synthase (COASY), induced by mutations in SF3B1, affects heme biosynthesis and erythropoiesis. Our data revealed that COASY was up-regulated during normal erythroid differentiation, and its silencing prevented the formation of erythroid colonies, impeded erythroid differentiation, and precluded heme accumulation. In patients with MDS-RS, loss of protein due to COASY mis-splicing led to depletion of both CoA and succinyl-CoA. Supplementation with COASY substrate (vitamin B5) rescued CoA and succinyl-CoA concentrations in SF3B1mut cells and mended erythropoiesis differentiation defects in MDS-RS primary patient cells. Our findings reveal a key role of the COASY pathway in erythroid maturation and identify upstream and downstream metabolites of COASY as a potential treatment for anemia in patients with MDS-RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed A Mian
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Céline Philippe
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Maniati
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Pantelitsa Protopapa
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Tiffany Bergot
- University of Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, 29238 Brest, France
| | | | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Doriana Di Bella
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Valle Morales
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Finch
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Katiuscia Bianchi
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Wang
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Gallipoli
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Shahram Kordasti
- System Cancer Immunology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Sophie Kubasch
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy and Hemostaseology, Leipzig University Hospital, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Cross
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy and Hemostaseology, Leipzig University Hospital, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy and Hemostaseology, Leipzig University Hospital, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel H Wiseman
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | | | - Delphine G Bernard
- University of Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, 29238 Brest, France
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques du CHRU de Brest, 29238 Brest, France
| | - John G Gribben
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Rouault-Pierre
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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9
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Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation: a case series highlighting phenotypic and genotypic diversity in 20 Indian families. Neurogenetics 2023; 24:113-127. [PMID: 36790591 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-023-00712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is an umbrella term encompassing various inherited neurological disorders characterised by abnormal iron accumulation in basal ganglia. We aimed to study the clinical, radiological and molecular spectrum of disorders with NBIA. All molecular-proven cases of NBIA presented in the last 5 years at 2 tertiary care genetic centres were compiled. Demographic details and clinical and neuroimaging findings were collated. We describe 27 individuals from 20 unrelated Indian families with causative variants in 5 NBIA-associated genes. PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN) was the most common, observed in 13 individuals from 9 families. They mainly presented in infancy with neuroregression and hypotonia. A recurrent pathogenic variant in COASY was observed in two neonates with prenatal-onset severe neurodegeneration. Pathogenic bi-allelic variants in PANK2, FA2H and C19ORF12 genes were observed in the rest, and these individuals presented in late childhood and adolescence with gait abnormalities and extrapyramidal symptoms. No intrafamilial and interfamilial variability were observed. Iron deposition on neuroimaging was seen in only 6/17 (35.3%) patients. A total of 22 causative variants across 5 genes were detected including a multiexonic duplication in PLA2G6. The variants c.1799G > A and c.2370 T > G in PLA2G6 were observed in three unrelated families. In silico assessments of 8 amongst 9 novel variants were also performed. We present a comprehensive compilation of the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of various subtypes of NBIA from the Indian subcontinent. Clinical presentation of NBIAs is varied and not restricted to extrapyramidal symptoms or iron accumulation on neuroimaging.
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10
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Baker MJ, Crameri JJ, Thorburn DR, Frazier AE, Stojanovski D. Mitochondrial biology and dysfunction in secondary mitochondrial disease. Open Biol 2022; 12:220274. [PMID: 36475414 PMCID: PMC9727669 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a broad, genetically heterogeneous class of metabolic disorders characterized by deficits in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Primary mitochondrial disease (PMD) defines pathologies resulting from mutation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear genes affecting either mtDNA expression or the biogenesis and function of the respiratory chain. Secondary mitochondrial disease (SMD) arises due to mutation of nuclear-encoded genes independent of, or indirectly influencing OXPHOS assembly and operation. Despite instances of novel SMD increasing year-on-year, PMD is much more widely discussed in the literature. Indeed, since the implementation of next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques in 2010, many novel mitochondrial disease genes have been identified, approximately half of which are linked to SMD. This review will consolidate existing knowledge of SMDs and outline discrete categories within which to better understand the diversity of SMD phenotypes. By providing context to the biochemical and molecular pathways perturbed in SMD, we hope to further demonstrate the intricacies of SMD pathologies outside of their indirect contribution to mitochondrial energy generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J. Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jordan J. Crameri
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David R. Thorburn
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ann E. Frazier
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Diana Stojanovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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11
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Coenzyme A precursors flow from mother to zygote and from microbiome to host. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2650-2665.e12. [PMID: 35662397 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme A (CoA) is essential for metabolism and protein acetylation. Current knowledge holds that each cell obtains CoA exclusively through biosynthesis via the canonical five-step pathway, starting with pantothenate uptake. However, recent studies have suggested the presence of additional CoA-generating mechanisms, indicating a more complex system for CoA homeostasis. Here, we uncovered pathways for CoA generation through inter-organismal flows of CoA precursors. Using traceable compounds and fruit flies with a genetic block in CoA biosynthesis, we demonstrate that progeny survive embryonal and early larval development by obtaining CoA precursors from maternal sources. Later in life, the microbiome can provide the essential CoA building blocks to the host, enabling continuation of normal development. A flow of stable, long-lasting CoA precursors between living organisms is revealed. This indicates the presence of complex strategies to maintain CoA homeostasis.
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12
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Masih S, Moirangthem A, Shambhavi A, Rai A, Mandal K, Saxena D, Nilay M, Agrawal N, Srivastava S, Sait H, Phadke SR. Deciphering the molecular landscape of microcephaly in 87 Indian families by exome sequencing. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104520. [PMID: 35568357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Microcephaly is a frequent feature of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Our study presents the heterogeneous spectrum of genetic disorders in patients with microcephaly either in isolated form or in association with other neurological and extra-neural abnormalities. We present data of 91 patients from 87 unrelated families referred to our clinic during 2016-2020 and provide a comprehensive clinical and genetic landscape in the studied cohort. Molecular diagnosis using exome sequencing was made in 45 families giving a yield of 51.7%. In 9 additional families probable causative variants were detected. We identified disease causing variations in 49 genes that are involved in different functional pathways Among these, 36 had an autosomal recessive pattern, 8 had an autosomal dominant pattern (all inherited de novo), and 5 had an X-linked pattern. In 41 probands where sequence variations in autosomal recessive genes were identified 31 were homozygotes (including 16 from non-consanguineous families). The study added 28 novel pathogenic/likely pathogenic variations. The study also calls attention to phenotypic variability and expansion in spectrum as well as uncovers genes where microcephaly is not reported previously or is a rare finding. We here report phenotypes associated with the genes for ultra-rare NDDs with microcephaly namely ATRIP, MINPP1, PNPLA8, AIMP2, ANKLE2, NCAPD2 and TRIT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzena Masih
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Amita Moirangthem
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Arya Shambhavi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Archana Rai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Kausik Mandal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Deepti Saxena
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Mayank Nilay
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Neha Agrawal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Somya Srivastava
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Haseena Sait
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Shubha R Phadke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
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Mishra R, Kulshreshtha S, Mandal K, Khurana A, Diego‐Álvarez D, Pradas L, Saxena R, Phadke S, Moirangthem A, Masih S, Sud S, Verma IC, Dua Puri R.
COASY
related pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 12: A common Indian mutation with expansion of the phenotypic spectrum. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2339-2350. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Mishra
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Gangaram Hospital New Delhi India
| | - Samarth Kulshreshtha
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Gangaram Hospital New Delhi India
| | - Kausik Mandal
- Sanjay Gandhi Post‐Graduate Institute Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
| | | | | | | | - Renu Saxena
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Gangaram Hospital New Delhi India
| | - Shubha Phadke
- Sanjay Gandhi Post‐Graduate Institute Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
| | | | - Suzena Masih
- Sanjay Gandhi Post‐Graduate Institute Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Seema Sud
- Department of CT Scan and MRI Sir Gangaram Hospital New Delhi India
| | - Ishwar Chander Verma
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Gangaram Hospital New Delhi India
| | - Ratna Dua Puri
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Gangaram Hospital New Delhi India
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Kolarova H, Tan J, Strom TM, Meitinger T, Wagner M, Klopstock T. Lifetime risk of autosomal recessive neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disorders calculated from genetic databases. EBioMedicine 2022; 77:103869. [PMID: 35180557 PMCID: PMC8856992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous diseases characterized by iron overload in basal ganglia and progressive neurodegeneration. Little is known about the epidemiology of NBIA disorders. In the absence of large-scale population-based studies, obtaining reliable epidemiological data requires innovative approaches. Methods All pathogenic variants were collected from the 13 genes associated with autosomal recessive NBIA (PLA2G6, PANK2, COASY, ATP13A2, CP, AP4M1, FA2H, CRAT, SCP2, C19orf12, DCAF17, GTPBP2, REPS1). The allele frequencies of these disease-causing variants were assessed in exome/genome collections: the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) and our in-house database. Lifetime risks were calculated from the sum of allele frequencies in the respective genes under assumption of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Findings The combined estimated lifetime risk of all 13 investigated NBIA disorders is 0.88 (95% confidence interval 0.70–1.10) per 100,000 based on the global gnomAD dataset (n = 282,912 alleles), 0.92 (0.65–1.29) per 100,000 in the European gnomAD dataset (n = 129,206), and 0.90 (0.48–1.62) per 100,000 in our in-house database (n = 44,324). Individually, the highest lifetime risks (>0.15 per 100,000) are found for disorders caused by variants in PLA2G6, PANK2 and COASY. Interpretation This population-genetic estimation on lifetime risks of recessive NBIA disorders reveals frequencies far exceeding previous population-based numbers. Importantly, our approach represents lifetime risks from conception, thus including prenatal deaths. Understanding the true lifetime risk of NBIA disorders is important in estimating disease burden, allocating resources and targeting specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kolarova
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Ziemssenstraße 1a, Munich 80336, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstraße 32, Munich 81675, Germany; Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 2, Prague 12000, Czech Republic
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Ziemssenstraße 1a, Munich 80336, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstraße 32, Munich 81675, Germany; Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tim M Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstraße 32, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstraße 32, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Matias Wagner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstraße 32, Munich 81675, Germany; Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; LMU University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Neurology, LMU Center for Development and Children with Medical Complexity, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Ziemssenstraße 1a, Munich 80336, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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15
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Coenzyme a Biochemistry: From Neurodevelopment to Neurodegeneration. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11081031. [PMID: 34439650 PMCID: PMC8392065 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme A (CoA) is an essential cofactor in all living organisms. It is involved in a large number of biochemical processes functioning either as an activator of molecules with carbonyl groups or as a carrier of acyl moieties. Together with its thioester derivatives, it plays a central role in cell metabolism, post-translational modification, and gene expression. Furthermore, recent studies revealed a role for CoA in the redox regulation by the S-thiolation of cysteine residues in cellular proteins. The intracellular concentration and distribution in different cellular compartments of CoA and its derivatives are controlled by several extracellular stimuli such as nutrients, hormones, metabolites, and cellular stresses. Perturbations of the biosynthesis and homeostasis of CoA and/or acyl-CoA are connected with several pathological conditions, including cancer, myopathies, and cardiomyopathies. In the most recent years, defects in genes involved in CoA production and distribution have been found in patients affected by rare forms of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this review, we will summarize the most relevant aspects of CoA cellular metabolism, their role in the pathogenesis of selected neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, and recent advancements in the search for therapeutic approaches for such diseases.
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Di Meo I, Cavestro C, Pedretti S, Fu T, Ligorio S, Manocchio A, Lavermicocca L, Santambrogio P, Ripamonti M, Levi S, Ayciriex S, Mitro N, Tiranti V. Neuronal Ablation of CoA Synthase Causes Motor Deficits, Iron Dyshomeostasis, and Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in a CoPAN Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249707. [PMID: 33352696 PMCID: PMC7766928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
COASY protein-associated neurodegeneration (CoPAN) is a rare but devastating genetic autosomal recessive disorder of inborn error of CoA metabolism, which shares with pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) similar features, such as dystonia, parkinsonian traits, cognitive impairment, axonal neuropathy, and brain iron accumulation. These two disorders are part of the big group of neurodegenerations with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) for which no effective treatment is available at the moment. To date, the lack of a mammalian model, fully recapitulating the human disorder, has prevented the elucidation of pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic approaches. To gain new insights into the mechanisms linking CoA metabolism, iron dyshomeostasis, and neurodegeneration, we generated and characterized the first CoPAN disease mammalian model. Since CoA is a crucial metabolite, constitutive ablation of the Coasy gene is incompatible with life. On the contrary, a conditional neuronal-specific Coasy knock-out mouse model consistently developed a severe early onset neurological phenotype characterized by sensorimotor defects and dystonia-like movements, leading to premature death. For the first time, we highlighted defective brain iron homeostasis, elevation of iron, calcium, and magnesium, together with mitochondrial dysfunction. Surprisingly, total brain CoA levels were unchanged, and no signs of neurodegeneration were present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivano Di Meo
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence: (I.D.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Chiara Cavestro
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Silvia Pedretti
- DiSFeB, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (S.L.); (N.M.)
| | - Tingting Fu
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France; (T.F.); (S.A.)
| | - Simona Ligorio
- DiSFeB, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (S.L.); (N.M.)
| | - Antonello Manocchio
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Lucrezia Lavermicocca
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Paolo Santambrogio
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (M.R.); (S.L.)
| | - Maddalena Ripamonti
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (M.R.); (S.L.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Levi
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (M.R.); (S.L.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sophie Ayciriex
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France; (T.F.); (S.A.)
| | - Nico Mitro
- DiSFeB, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (S.L.); (N.M.)
| | - Valeria Tiranti
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence: (I.D.M.); (V.T.)
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Czumaj A, Szrok-Jurga S, Hebanowska A, Turyn J, Swierczynski J, Sledzinski T, Stelmanska E. The Pathophysiological Role of CoA. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239057. [PMID: 33260564 PMCID: PMC7731229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of coenzyme A (CoA) as a carrier of acyl residues in cell metabolism is well understood. Coenzyme A participates in more than 100 different catabolic and anabolic reactions, including those involved in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, ethanol, bile acids, and xenobiotics. However, much less is known about the importance of the concentration of this cofactor in various cell compartments and the role of altered CoA concentration in various pathologies. Despite continuous research on these issues, the molecular mechanisms in the regulation of the intracellular level of CoA under pathological conditions are still not well understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge of (a) CoA subcellular concentrations; (b) the roles of CoA synthesis and degradation processes; and (c) protein modification by reversible CoA binding to proteins (CoAlation). Particular attention is paid to (a) the roles of changes in the level of CoA under pathological conditions, such as in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, myopathies, and infectious diseases; and (b) the beneficial effect of CoA and pantethine (which like CoA is finally converted to Pan and cysteamine), used at pharmacological doses for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Czumaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Szrok-Jurga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (A.H.); (J.T.)
| | - Areta Hebanowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (A.H.); (J.T.)
| | - Jacek Turyn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (A.H.); (J.T.)
| | - Julian Swierczynski
- State School of Higher Vocational Education in Koszalin, 75-582 Koszalin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Correspondence: (T.S.); (E.S.); Tel.: +48-(0)-583-491-479 (T.S.)
| | - Ewa Stelmanska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (A.H.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence: (T.S.); (E.S.); Tel.: +48-(0)-583-491-479 (T.S.)
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Appelhof B, Wagner M, Hoefele J, Heinze A, Roser T, Koch-Hogrebe M, Roosendaal SD, Dehghani M, Mehrjardi MYV, Torti E, Houlden H, Maroofian R, Rajabi F, Sticht H, Baas F, Wieczorek D, Jamra RA. Pontocerebellar hypoplasia due to bi-allelic variants in MINPP1. Eur J Hum Genet 2020; 29:411-421. [PMID: 33168985 PMCID: PMC7940488 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-00749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) describes a group of rare heterogeneous neurodegenerative diseases with prenatal onset. Here we describe eight children with PCH from four unrelated families harboring the homozygous MINPP1 (NM_004897.4) variants; c.75_94del, p.(Leu27Argfs*39), c.851 C > A, p.(Ala284Asp), c.1210 C > T, p.(Arg404*), and c.992 T > G, p.(Ile331Ser). The homozygous p.(Leu27Argfs*39) change is predicted to result in a complete absence of MINPP1. The p.(Arg404*) would likely lead to a nonsense mediated decay, or alternatively, a loss of several secondary structure elements impairing protein folding. The missense p.(Ala284Asp) affects a buried, hydrophobic residue within the globular domain. The introduction of aspartic acid is energetically highly unfavorable and therefore predicted to cause a significant reduction in protein stability. The missense p.(Ile331Ser) affects the tight hydrophobic interactions of the isoleucine by the disruption of the polar side chain of serine, destabilizing the structure of MINPP1. The overlap of the above-mentioned genotypes and phenotypes is highly improbable by chance. MINPP1 is the only enzyme that hydrolyses inositol phosphates in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen and several studies support its role in stress induced apoptosis. The pathomechanism explaining the disease mechanism remains unknown, however several others genes of the inositol phosphatase metabolism (e.g., INPP5K, FIG4, INPP5E, ITPR1) are correlated with phenotypes of neurodevelopmental disorders. Taken together, we present MINPP1 as a novel autosomal recessive pontocerebellar hypoplasia gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Appelhof
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Matias Wagner
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Hoefele
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Heinze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timo Roser
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Haunersches Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Stefan D Roosendaal
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mohammadreza Dehghani
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Farrah Rajabi
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander -Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Baas
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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Zhao Y, Chen H, Li C, Chen S, Xiao H. Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals the Molecular Genetic Basis of Cave Adaptability in Sinocyclocheilus Fish Species. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.589039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cavefish evolved a series of distinct survival mechanisms for adaptation to cave habitat. Such mechanisms include loss of eyesight and pigmentation, sensitive sensory organs, unique dietary preferences, and predation behavior. Thus, it is of great interest to understand the mechanisms underlying these adaptability traits of troglobites. The teleost genus Sinocyclocheilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) is endemic to China and has more than 70 species reported (including over 30 cavefish species). High species diversity and diverse phenotypes make the Sinocyclocheilus as an outstanding model for studying speciation and adaptive evolution. In this study, we conducted a comparative transcriptomics study on the brain tissues of two Sinocyclocheilus species (surface-dwelling species – Sinocyclocheilus malacopterus and semi-cave-dwelling species – Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous living in the same water body. A total of 425,188,768 clean reads were generated, which contributed to 102,839 Unigenes. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a total of 3,289 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two species Comparing to S. malacopterus, 2,598 and 691 DEGs were found to be respectively, down-regulated and up-regulated in S. rhinocerous. Furthermore, it is also found tens of DEGs related to cave adaptability such as insulin secretion regulation (MafA, MafB, MafK, BRSK, and CDK16) and troglomorphic traits formation (CEP290, nmnat1, coasy, and pqbp1) in the cave-dwelling S. rhinocerous. Interestingly, most of the DEGs were found to be down-regulated in cavefish species and this trend of DEGs expression was confirmed through qPCR experiments. This study would provide an appropriate genetic basis for future studies on the formation of troglomorphic traits and adaptability characters of troglobites, and improve our understanding of mechanisms of cave adaptation.
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Bagwe-Parab S, Kaur G. Molecular targets and therapeutic interventions for iron induced neurodegeneration. Brain Res Bull 2020; 156:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Pontocerebellar hypoplasia with rhombencephalosynapsis and microlissencephaly expands the spectrum of PCH type 1B. Eur J Med Genet 2019; 63:103814. [PMID: 31770597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.103814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Rhombencephalosynapsis is a rare cerebellar malformation developing during embryogenesis defined by vermian agenesis or hypogenesis with fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres. It occurs either alone or in association with other cerebral and/or extracerebral anomalies. Its association with microlissencephaly is exceedingly rare and to date, only a heterozygous de novo missense variant in ADGRL2, a gene encoding Adhesion G-Protein-Coupled Receptor L2, has been identified. We report on two siblings of Roma origin presenting with severe growth retardation, fetal akinesia, microlissencephaly and small cerebellum with vermian agenesis. Neuropathological studies revealed extreme paucity in pontine transverse fibres, rudimentary olivary nuclei and rhombencephalosynapsis with vanishing spinal motoneurons in both fetuses. Comparative fetus-parent exome sequencing revealed in both fetuses a homozygous variant in exon 1 of the EXOSC3 gene encoding a core component of the RNA exosome, c.92G > C; p.(Gly31Ala). EXOSC3 accounts for 40%-75% of patients affected by ponto-cerebellar hypoplasia with spinal muscular atrophy (PCH1B). The c.92G > C variant is a founder mutation in the Roma population and has been reported in severe PCH1B. PCH1B is characterized by a broad phenotypic spectrum, ranging from mild phenotypes with spasticity, mild to moderate intellectual disability, pronounced distal muscular and cerebellar atrophy/hypoplasia, to severe phenotypes with profound global developmental delay, progressive microcephaly and atrophy of the cerebellar hemispheres. In PCH1B, the usual cerebellar lesions affect mainly the hemispheres with relative sparing of vermis that radically differs from rhombencephalosynapsis. This unusual foetal presentation expands the spectrum of PCH1B and highlights the diversity of rhombencephalosynapsis etiologies.
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Dieterich K, Kimber E, Hall JG. Central nervous system involvement in arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: Overview of causes, diagnosis, and care. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 181:345-353. [PMID: 31410997 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Arthrogryposis or AMC, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, is defined as multiple congenital joint contractures in more than two joints and in different body areas. The common cause of all AMC is lack of movement in utero, which in turn can have different causes, one of which is CNS involvement. Intellectual disability/CNS involvement is found in approximately 25% of all AMC. AMC with CNS involvement includes a large number of genetic syndromes. So far, more than 400 genes have been identified as linked to AMC, with and without CNS involvement. A number of neonatally lethal syndromes and syndromes resulting in severe disability due to CNS malfunction belong to this group of syndromes. There are several X-linked disorders with AMC, which are primarily related to intellectual disability. A number of neuromuscular disorders may include AMC and CNS/brain involvement. Careful clinical evaluation by a geneticist and a pediatrician/pediatric neurologist is the first step in making a specific diagnosis. Further investigations may include MRI of the brain and spinal cord, electroencephalogram, blood chemistry for muscle enzymes, other organ investigations (ophtalmology, cardiology, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary systems). Nerve conduction studies, electromyogram, and muscle pathology may be of help when there is associated peripheral nervous system involvement. But most importantly, genetic investigations with targeted or rather whole exome or genome sequencing should be performed. A correct diagnosis is important in planning adequate treatment, in genetic counselling and also for future understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and possible new treatments. A multidiciplinary team is needed both in investigation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Dieterich
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, GIN, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, Génétique Médicale, Grenoble, France
| | - Eva Kimber
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Judith G Hall
- Professor Emerita, Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation Disorders: Valuable Models Aimed at Understanding the Pathogenesis of Iron Deposition. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12010027. [PMID: 30744104 PMCID: PMC6469182 DOI: 10.3390/ph12010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a set of neurodegenerative disorders, which includes very rare monogenetic diseases. They are heterogeneous in regard to the onset and the clinical symptoms, while the have in common a specific brain iron deposition in the region of the basal ganglia that can be visualized by radiological and histopathological examinations. Nowadays, 15 genes have been identified as causative for NBIA, of which only two code for iron-proteins, while all the other causative genes codify for proteins not involved in iron management. Thus, how iron participates to the pathogenetic mechanism of most NBIA remains unclear, essentially for the lack of experimental models that fully recapitulate the human phenotype. In this review we reported the recent data on new models of these disorders aimed at highlight the still scarce knowledge of the pathogenesis of iron deposition.
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