1
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Attar GS, Kumar M, Bhalla V. Targeting sub-cellular organelles for boosting precision photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:11610-11624. [PMID: 39320942 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02702g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Among various cancer treatment methods, photodynamic therapy has received significant attention due to its non-invasiveness and high efficiency in inhibiting tumour growth. Recently, specific organelle targeting photosensitizers have received increasing interest due to their precise accumulation and ability to trigger organelle-mediated cell death signalling pathways, which greatly reduces the drug dosage, minimizes toxicity, avoids multidrug resistance, and prevents recurrence. In this review, recent advances and representative photosensitizers used in targeted photodynamic therapy on organelles, specifically including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, nucleus, and lysosomes, have been comprehensively reviewed with a focus on organelle structure and organelle-mediated cell death signalling pathways. Furthermore, a perspective on future research and potential challenges in precision photodynamic therapy has been presented at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Singh Attar
- Department of chemistry UGC Sponsored-Centre for Advanced Studies-I, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of chemistry UGC Sponsored-Centre for Advanced Studies-I, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India.
| | - Vandana Bhalla
- Department of chemistry UGC Sponsored-Centre for Advanced Studies-I, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India.
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2
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Wang J, Wu M, Magupalli VG, Dahlberg PD, Wu H, Jensen GJ. Human NLRP3 inflammasome activation leads to formation of condensate at the microtubule organizing center. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.12.612739. [PMID: 39314395 PMCID: PMC11419111 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.12.612739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-protein molecular machine that mediates inflammatory responses in innate immunity. Its dysregulation has been linked to a large number of human diseases. Using cryogenic fluorescence-guided focused-ion-beam (cryo-FIB) milling and electron cryo-tomography (cryo-ET), we obtained 3-D images of the NLRP3 inflammasome in situ at various stages of its activation at macromolecular resolution. The cryo-tomograms unexpectedly reveal dense condensates of the human macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome that form within and around the microtubule organizing center (MTOC). We also find that following activation, the trans-Golgi network disperses and 50-nm NLRP3-associated vesicles appear which likely ferry NLRP3 to the MTOC. At later time points after activation, the electron-dense condensates progressively solidify and the cells undergo pyroptosis with widespread damaged mitochondria and autophagasomal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
- Division of CryoEM and Bioimaging, SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Man Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02446
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston MA 02446
| | - Venkat G Magupalli
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02446
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston MA 02446
| | - Peter D Dahlberg
- Division of CryoEM and Bioimaging, SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02446
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston MA 02446
| | - Grant J Jensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
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3
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Hou P, Wang X, Wang H, Wang T, Yu Z, Xu C, Zhao Y, Wang W, Zhao Y, Chu F, Chang H, Zhu H, Lu J, Zhang F, Liang X, Li X, Wang S, Gao Y, He H. The ORF7a protein of SARS-CoV-2 initiates autophagy and limits autophagosome-lysosome fusion via degradation of SNAP29 to promote virus replication. Autophagy 2023; 19:551-569. [PMID: 35670302 PMCID: PMC9851267 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2084686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is closely related to various cellular aspects associated with autophagy. However, how SARS-CoV-2 mediates the subversion of the macroautophagy/autophagy pathway remains largely unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that overexpression of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a protein activates LC3-II and leads to the accumulation of autophagosomes in multiple cell lines, while knockdown of the viral ORF7a gene via shRNAs targeting ORF7a sgRNA during SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased autophagy levels. Mechanistically, the ORF7a protein initiates autophagy via the AKT-MTOR-ULK1-mediated pathway, but ORF7a limits the progression of autophagic flux by activating CASP3 (caspase 3) to cleave the SNAP29 protein at aspartic acid residue 30 (D30), ultimately impairing complete autophagy. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced accumulated autophagosomes promote progeny virus production, whereby ORF7a downregulates SNAP29, ultimately resulting in failure of autophagosome fusion with lysosomes to promote viral replication. Taken together, our study reveals a mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the autophagic machinery to facilitate its own propagation via ORF7a.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ACE2: angiotensin converting enzyme 2; ACTB/β-actin: actin beta; ATG7: autophagy related 7; Baf A1: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1; CASP3: caspase 3; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; GFP: green fluorescent protein; hpi: hour post-infection; hpt: hour post-transfection; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MERS: Middle East respiratory syndrome; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; ORF: open reading frame; PARP: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; shRNAs: short hairpin RNAs; siRNA: small interfering RNA; SNAP29: synaptosome associated protein 29; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STX17: syntaxin 17; TCID50: tissue culture infectious dose; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TUBB, tubulin, beta; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Hou
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China,CONTACT Hongmei Wang ;; Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong250014, China; Yuwei Gao Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin130122, China; Hongbin He Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan250014, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhangping Yu
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunqing Xu
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yudong Zhao
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Fengyun Chu
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Huasong Chang
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongchao Zhu
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiahui Lu
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Fuzhen Zhang
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xingyu Li
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Song Wang
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuwei Gao
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Hongbin He
- Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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4
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Banerjee P, Tan X, Russell WK, Kurie JM. Analysis of Golgi Secretory Functions in Cancer. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2557:785-810. [PMID: 36512251 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2639-9_47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells utilize secretory pathways for paracrine signaling and extracellular matrix remodeling to facilitate directional cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. The Golgi apparatus is a central secretory signaling hub that is often deregulated in cancer. Here we described technologies that utilize microscopic, biochemical, and proteomic approaches to analyze Golgi secretory functions in genetically heterogeneous cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyam Banerjee
- Frits and Rita Markus Bio-Imaging Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaochao Tan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William K Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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5
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Modeling N-Glycosylation: A Systems Biology Approach for Evaluating Changes in the Steady-State Organization of Golgi-Resident Proteins. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2557:663-690. [PMID: 36512244 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2639-9_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The organization of Golgi-resident proteins is crucial for sorting molecules within the secretory pathway and regulating posttranslational modifications. However, evaluating changes to Golgi organization can be challenging, often requiring extensive experimental investigations. Here, we propose a systems biology approach in which changes to Golgi-resident protein sorting and localization can be deduced using cellular N-glycan profiles as the only experimental input.The approach detailed here utilizes the influence of Golgi organization on N-glycan biosynthesis to investigate the mechanisms involved in establishing and maintaining Golgi organization. While N-glycosylation is carried out in a non-template-driven manner, the distribution of N-glycan biosynthetic enzymes within the Golgi ensures this process is not completely random. Therefore, changes to N-glycan profiles provide clues into how altered cell phenotypes affect the sorting and localization of Golgi-resident proteins. Here, we generate a stochastic simulation of N-glycan biosynthesis to produce a simulated glycan profile similar to that obtained experimentally and then combine this with Bayesian fitting to enable inference of changes in enzyme amounts and localizations. Alterations to Golgi organization are evaluated by calculating how the fitted enzyme parameters shift when moving from simulating the glycan profile of one cellular state (e.g., a wild type) to an altered cellular state (e.g., a mutant). Our approach illustrates how an iterative combination of mathematical systems biology and minimal experimental cell biology can be utilized to maximally integrate biological knowledge to gain insightful knowledge of the underlying mechanisms in a manner inaccessible to either alone.
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6
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Yang J, Griffin A, Qiang Z, Ren J. Organelle-targeted therapies: a comprehensive review on system design for enabling precision oncology. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:379. [PMID: 36402753 PMCID: PMC9675787 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major threat to human health. Among various treatment methods, precision therapy has received significant attention since the inception, due to its ability to efficiently inhibit tumor growth, while curtailing common shortcomings from conventional cancer treatment, leading towards enhanced survival rates. Particularly, organelle-targeted strategies enable precise accumulation of therapeutic agents in organelles, locally triggering organelle-mediated cell death signals which can greatly reduce the therapeutic threshold dosage and minimize side-effects. In this review, we comprehensively discuss history and recent advances in targeted therapies on organelles, specifically including nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes and endoplasmic reticulum, while focusing on organelle structures, organelle-mediated cell death signal pathways, and design guidelines of organelle-targeted nanomedicines based on intervention mechanisms. Furthermore, a perspective on future research and clinical opportunities and potential challenges in precision oncology is presented. Through demonstrating recent developments in organelle-targeted therapies, we believe this article can further stimulate broader interests in multidisciplinary research and technology development for enabling advanced organelle-targeted nanomedicines and their corresponding clinic translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 201804 Shanghai, China
| | - Anthony Griffin
- grid.267193.80000 0001 2295 628XSchool of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA
| | - Zhe Qiang
- grid.267193.80000 0001 2295 628XSchool of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA
| | - Jie Ren
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 201804 Shanghai, China
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7
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Ferrandiz N, Downie L, Starling GP, Royle SJ. Endomembranes promote chromosome missegregation by ensheathing misaligned chromosomes. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202203021. [PMID: 35486148 PMCID: PMC9066052 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202203021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Errors in mitosis that cause chromosome missegregation lead to aneuploidy and micronucleus formation, which are associated with cancer. Accurate segregation requires the alignment of all chromosomes by the mitotic spindle at the metaphase plate, and any misalignment must be corrected before anaphase is triggered. The spindle is situated in a membrane-free "exclusion zone"; beyond this zone, endomembranes (mainly endoplasmic reticulum) are densely packed. We investigated what happens to misaligned chromosomes localized beyond the exclusion zone. Here we show that such chromosomes become ensheathed in multiple layers of endomembranes. Chromosome ensheathing delays mitosis and increases the frequency of chromosome missegregation and micronucleus formation. We use an induced organelle relocalization strategy in live cells to show that clearance of endomembranes allows for the rescue of chromosomes that were destined for missegregation. Our findings indicate that endomembranes promote the missegregation of misaligned chromosomes that are outside the exclusion zone and therefore constitute a risk factor for aneuploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Ferrandiz
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - Laura Downie
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Stephen J. Royle
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
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8
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Comparison of the Cisterna Maturation-Progression Model with the Kiss-and-Run Model of Intra-Golgi Transport: Role of Cisternal Pores and Cargo Domains. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073590. [PMID: 35408951 PMCID: PMC8999060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi complex is the central station of the secretory pathway. Knowledge about the mechanisms of intra-Golgi transport is inconsistent. Here, we compared the explanatory power of the cisterna maturation-progression model and the kiss-and-run model. During intra-Golgi transport, conventional cargoes undergo concentration and form cisternal distensions or distinct membrane domains that contain only one membrane cargo. These domains and distension are separated from the rest of the Golgi cisternae by rows of pores. After the arrival of any membrane cargo or a large cargo aggregate at the Golgi complex, the cis-Golgi SNAREs become enriched within the membrane of cargo-containing domains and then replaced by the trans-Golgi SNAREs. During the passage of these domains, the number of cisternal pores decreases. Restoration of the cisternal pores is COPI-dependent. Our observations are more in line with the kiss-and-run model.
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9
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Dancourt J, Lavieu G. Monitoring Intra-Golgi Transport with Acute Spatiotemporal Control of a Synthetic Cargo. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2473:15-22. [PMID: 35819755 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2209-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We hereby describe a method to image cargo trafficking from the cis- to the trans-face of the Golgi apparatus. Briefly, we combine nocodazole treatment that breaks down the Golgi ribbon, temperature blocks that slow down cargo transport, and a drug-controlled aggregation system that controls the size of the cargo and its retention at different stages of the secretory pathway. Using this method, we first position the cargo within the cis-face of the Golgi. When traffic resumes upon temperature block release, kinetics of transport can be assessed by confocal microscopy through colocalization of the cargo with cis- and trans-Golgi markers. This method allows for testing various modes of intra-Golgi transports and can be adapted to investigate other steps of the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dancourt
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1316, CNRS UMR7057, Paris, France
| | - Grégory Lavieu
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1316, CNRS UMR7057, Paris, France.
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10
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Ford C, Parchure A, von Blume J, Burd CG. Cargo sorting at the trans-Golgi network at a glance. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs259110. [PMID: 34870705 PMCID: PMC8714066 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi functions principally in the biogenesis and trafficking of glycoproteins and lipids. It is compartmentalized into multiple flattened adherent membrane sacs termed cisternae, which each contain a distinct repertoire of resident proteins, principally enzymes that modify newly synthesized proteins and lipids sequentially as they traffic through the stack of Golgi cisternae. Upon reaching the final compartments of the Golgi, the trans cisterna and trans-Golgi network (TGN), processed glycoproteins and lipids are packaged into coated and non-coated transport carriers derived from the trans Golgi and TGN. The cargoes of clathrin-coated vesicles are chiefly residents of endo-lysosomal organelles, while uncoated carriers ferry cargo to the cell surface. There are outstanding questions regarding the mechanisms of protein and lipid sorting within the Golgi for export to different organelles. Nonetheless, conceptual advances have begun to define the key molecular features of cargo clients and the mechanisms underlying their sorting into distinct export pathways, which we have collated in this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julia von Blume
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Christopher G. Burd
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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11
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Welch LG, Peak-Chew SY, Begum F, Stevens TJ, Munro S. GOLPH3 and GOLPH3L are broad-spectrum COPI adaptors for sorting into intra-Golgi transport vesicles. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202106115. [PMID: 34473204 PMCID: PMC8421267 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202106115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fidelity of Golgi glycosylation is, in part, ensured by compartmentalization of enzymes within the stack. The COPI adaptor GOLPH3 has been shown to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of a subset of Golgi enzymes and direct their retention. However, other mechanisms of retention, and other roles for GOLPH3, have been proposed, and a comprehensive characterization of the clientele of GOLPH3 and its paralogue GOLPH3L is lacking. GOLPH3's role is of particular interest as it is frequently amplified in several solid tumor types. Here, we apply two orthogonal proteomic methods to identify GOLPH3+3L clients and find that they act in diverse glycosylation pathways or have other roles in the Golgi. Binding studies, bioinformatics, and a Golgi retention assay show that GOLPH3+3L bind the cytoplasmic tails of their clients through membrane-proximal positively charged residues. Furthermore, deletion of GOLPH3+3L causes multiple defects in glycosylation. Thus, GOLPH3+3L are major COPI adaptors that impinge on most, if not all, of the glycosylation pathways of the Golgi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sean Munro
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
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12
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Lujan P, Campelo F. Should I stay or should I go? Golgi membrane spatial organization for protein sorting and retention. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 707:108921. [PMID: 34038703 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Golgi complex is the membrane-bound organelle that lies at the center of the secretory pathway. Its main functions are to maintain cellular lipid homeostasis, to orchestrate protein processing and maturation, and to mediate protein sorting and export. These functions are not independent of one another, and they all require that the membranes of the Golgi complex have a well-defined biochemical composition. Importantly, a finely-regulated spatiotemporal organization of the Golgi membrane components is essential for the correct performance of the organelle. In here, we review our current mechanistic and molecular understanding of how Golgi membranes are spatially organized in the lateral and axial directions to fulfill their functions. In particular, we highlight the current evidence and proposed models of intra-Golgi transport, as well as the known mechanisms for the retention of Golgi residents and for the sorting and export of transmembrane cargo proteins. Despite the controversies, conflicting evidence, clashes between models, and technical limitations, the field has moved forward and we have gained extensive knowledge in this fascinating topic. However, there are still many important questions that remain to be completely answered. We hope that this review will help boost future investigations on these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Lujan
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Felix Campelo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Barcelona, Spain.
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13
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Deffieu MS, Cesonyte I, Delalande F, Boncompain G, Dorobantu C, Song E, Lucansky V, Hirschler A, Cianferani S, Perez F, Carapito C, Gaudin R. Rab7-harboring vesicles are carriers of the transferrin receptor through the biosynthetic secretory pathway. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/2/eaba7803. [PMID: 33523982 PMCID: PMC7793588 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba7803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthetic secretory pathway is particularly challenging to investigate as it is underrepresented compared to the abundance of the other intracellular trafficking routes. Here, we combined the retention using selective hook (RUSH) to a CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing approach (eRUSH) and identified Rab7-harboring vesicles as an important intermediate compartment of the Golgi-to-plasma membrane transport of neosynthesized transferrin receptor (TfR). These vesicles did not exhibit degradative properties and were not associated to Rab6A-harboring vesicles. Rab7A was transiently associated to neosynthetic TfR-containing post-Golgi vesicles but dissociated before fusion with the plasma membrane. Together, our study reveals a role for Rab7 in the biosynthetic secretory pathway of the TfR, highlighting the diversity of the secretory vesicles' nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maika S Deffieu
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM) CNRS, Univ Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France.
- INSERM, Univ Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - François Delalande
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, IPHC, UMR 7178, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Gaelle Boncompain
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Eli Song
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | | | - Aurélie Hirschler
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, IPHC, UMR 7178, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Cianferani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, IPHC, UMR 7178, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Franck Perez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Christine Carapito
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, IPHC, UMR 7178, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Raphael Gaudin
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM) CNRS, Univ Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France.
- INSERM, Univ Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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14
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Casler JC, Zajac AL, Valbuena FM, Sparvoli D, Jeyifous O, Turkewitz AP, Horne-Badovinac S, Green WN, Glick BS. ESCargo: a regulatable fluorescent secretory cargo for diverse model organisms. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:2892-2903. [PMID: 33112725 PMCID: PMC7927198 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-09-0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane traffic can be studied by imaging a cargo protein as it transits the secretory pathway. The best tools for this purpose initially block export of the secretory cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and then release the block to generate a cargo wave. However, previously developed regulatable secretory cargoes are often tricky to use or specific for a single model organism. To overcome these hurdles for budding yeast, we recently optimized an artificial fluorescent secretory protein that exits the ER with the aid of the Erv29 cargo receptor, which is homologous to mammalian Surf4. The fluorescent secretory protein forms aggregates in the ER lumen and can be rapidly disaggregated by addition of a ligand to generate a nearly synchronized cargo wave. Here we term this regulatable secretory protein ESCargo (Erv29/Surf4-dependent secretory cargo) and demonstrate its utility not only in yeast cells, but also in cultured mammalian cells, Drosophila cells, and the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila. Kinetic studies indicate that rapid export from the ER requires recognition by Erv29/Surf4. By choosing an appropriate ER signal sequence and expression vector, this simple technology can likely be used with many model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C. Casler
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Allison L. Zajac
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Fernando M. Valbuena
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Daniela Sparvoli
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Okunola Jeyifous
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
| | - Aaron P. Turkewitz
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Sally Horne-Badovinac
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - William N. Green
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
| | - Benjamin S. Glick
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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15
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Kimura AK, Kimura T. Phosphatidylserine biosynthesis pathways in lipid homeostasis: Toward resolution of the pending central issue for decades. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21177. [PMID: 33205488 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001802r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic control of lipid homeostasis in the cell is a vital element in the complex organization of life. Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an essential anionic phospholipid of cell membranes, and conducts numerous roles for their structural and functional integrity. In mammalian cells, two distinct enzymes phosphatidylserine synthases-1 (PSS1) and -2 (PSS2) in the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) in the ER perform de novo synthesis of PS. It is based on base-exchange reactions of the preexisting dominant phospholipids phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). While PSS2 specifically catalyzes the reaction "PE → PS," whether or not PSS1 is responsible for the same reaction along with the reaction "PC → PS" remains unsettled despite its fundamental impact on the major stoichiometry. We propose here that a key but the only report that appeared to have put scientists on hold for decades in answering to this issue may be viewed consistently with other available research reports; PSS1 utilizes the two dominant phospholipid classes at a similar intrinsic rate. In this review, we discuss the issue in view of the current information for the enzyme machineries, membrane structure and dynamics, intracellular network of lipid transport, and PS synthesis in health and disease. Resolution of the pending issue is thus critical in advancing our understanding of roles of the essential anionic lipid in biology, health, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko K Kimura
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tomohiro Kimura
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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16
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Montagna A, Vajente N, Pendin D, Daga A. In vivo Analysis of CRISPR/Cas9 Induced Atlastin Pathological Mutations in Drosophila. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:547746. [PMID: 33177972 PMCID: PMC7593789 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.547746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a highly dynamic network whose shape is thought to be actively regulated by membrane resident proteins. Mutation of several such morphology regulators cause the neurological disorder Hereditary Sp astic Paraplegia (HSP), suggesting a critical role of ER shape maintenance in neuronal activity and function. Human Atlastin-1 mutations are responsible for SPG3A, the earliest onset and one of the more severe forms of dominant HSP. Atlastin has been initially identified in Drosophila as the GTPase responsible for the homotypic fusion of ER membrane. The majority of SPG3A-linked Atlastin-1 mutations map to the GTPase domain, potentially interfering with atlastin GTPase activity, and to the three-helix-bundle (3HB) domain, a region critical for homo-oligomerization. Here we have examined the in vivo effects of four pathogenetic missense mutations (two mapping to the GTPase domain and two to the 3HB domain) using two complementary approaches: CRISPR/Cas9 editing to introduce such variants in the endogenous atlastin gene and transgenesis to generate lines overexpressing atlastin carrying the same pathogenic variants. We found that all pathological mutations examined reduce atlastin activity in vivo although to different degrees of severity. Moreover, overexpression of the pathogenic variants in a wild type atlastin background does not give rise to the loss of function phenotypes expected for dominant negative mutations. These results indicate that the four pathological mutations investigated act through a loss of function mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Montagna
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea, Lecco, Italy
| | - Nicola Vajente
- Neuroscience Institute, Italian National Research Council, Padua, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Diana Pendin
- Neuroscience Institute, Italian National Research Council, Padua, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Daga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea, Lecco, Italy
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17
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Vagne Q, Vrel JP, Sens P. A minimal self-organisation model of the Golgi apparatus. eLife 2020; 9:47318. [PMID: 32755543 PMCID: PMC7406241 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The design principles dictating the spatio-temporal organisation of eukaryotic cells, and in particular the mechanisms controlling the self-organisation and dynamics of membrane-bound organelles such as the Golgi apparatus, remain elusive. Although this organelle was discovered 120 years ago, such basic questions as whether vesicular transport through the Golgi occurs in an anterograde (from entry to exit) or retrograde fashion are still strongly debated. Here, we address these issues by studying a quantitative model of organelle dynamics that includes: de-novo compartment generation, inter-compartment vesicular exchange, and biochemical conversion of membrane components. We show that anterograde or retrograde vesicular transports are asymptotic behaviors of a much richer dynamical system. Indeed, the structure and composition of cellular compartments and the directionality of vesicular exchange are intimately linked. They are emergent properties that can be tuned by varying the relative rates of vesicle budding, fusion and biochemical conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Vagne
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jean-Patrick Vrel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France.,UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Sens
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France.,UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
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18
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Pacheco-Fernandez N, Pakdel M, Blank B, Sanchez-Gonzalez I, Weber K, Tran ML, Hecht TKH, Gautsch R, Beck G, Perez F, Hausser A, Linder S, von Blume J. Nucleobindin-1 regulates ECM degradation by promoting intra-Golgi trafficking of MMPs. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201907058. [PMID: 32479594 PMCID: PMC7401813 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201907058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade several ECM components and are crucial modulators of cell invasion and tissue organization. Although much has been reported about their function in remodeling ECM in health and disease, their trafficking across the Golgi apparatus remains poorly understood. Here we report that the cis-Golgi protein nucleobindin-1 (NUCB1) is critical for MMP2 and MT1-MMP trafficking along the Golgi apparatus. This process is Ca2+-dependent and is required for invasive MDA-MB-231 cell migration as well as for gelatin degradation in primary human macrophages. Our findings emphasize the importance of NUCB1 as an essential component of MMP transport and its overall impact on ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Birgit Blank
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Kathrin Weber
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mai Ly Tran
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Tobias Karl-Heinz Hecht
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Renate Gautsch
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Gisela Beck
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Franck Perez
- Institute Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Angelika Hausser
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia von Blume
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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19
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Larocque G, La-Borde PJ, Clarke NI, Carter NJ, Royle SJ. Tumor protein D54 defines a new class of intracellular transport vesicles. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201812044. [PMID: 31672706 PMCID: PMC7039206 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201812044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport of proteins and lipids from one membrane compartment to another is via intracellular vesicles. We investigated the function of tumor protein D54 (TPD54/TPD52L2) and found that TPD54 was involved in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: anterograde traffic, recycling, and Golgi integrity. To understand how TPD54 controls these diverse functions, we used an inducible method to reroute TPD54 to mitochondria. Surprisingly, this manipulation resulted in the capture of many small vesicles (30 nm diameter) at the mitochondrial surface. Super-resolution imaging confirmed the presence of similarly sized TPD54-positive structures under normal conditions. It appears that TPD54 defines a new class of transport vesicle, which we term intracellular nanovesicles (INVs). INVs meet three criteria for functionality. They contain specific cargo, they have certain R-SNAREs for fusion, and they are endowed with a variety of Rab GTPases (16 out of 43 tested). The molecular heterogeneity of INVs and the diverse functions of TPD54 suggest that INVs have various membrane origins and a number of destinations. We propose that INVs are a generic class of transport vesicle that transfer cargo between these varied locations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stephen J. Royle
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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20
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Mironov AA, Beznoussenko GV. Models of Intracellular Transport: Pros and Cons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:146. [PMID: 31440506 PMCID: PMC6693330 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular transport is one of the most confusing issues in the field of cell biology. Many different models and their combinations have been proposed to explain the experimental data on intracellular transport. Here, we analyse the data related to the mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi and intra-Golgi transport from the point of view of the main models of intracellular transport; namely: the vesicular model, the diffusion model, the compartment maturation–progression model, and the kiss-and-run model. This review initially describes our current understanding of Golgi function, while highlighting the recent progress that has been made. It then continues to discuss the outstanding questions and potential avenues for future research with regard to the models of these transport steps. To compare the power of these models, we have applied the method proposed by K. Popper; namely, the formulation of prohibitive observations according to, and the consecutive evaluation of, previous data, on the basis on the new models. The levels to which the different models can explain the experimental observations are different, and to date, the most powerful has been the kiss-and-run model, whereas the least powerful has been the diffusion model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Mironov
- Department of Cell Biology, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
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21
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Pantazopoulou A, Glick BS. A Kinetic View of Membrane Traffic Pathways Can Transcend the Classical View of Golgi Compartments. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:153. [PMID: 31448274 PMCID: PMC6691344 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A long-standing assumption is that the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus can be grouped into functionally distinct compartments, yet the molecular identities of those compartments have not been clearly described. The concept of a compartmentalized Golgi is challenged by the cisternal maturation model, which postulates that cisternae form de novo and then undergo progressive biochemical changes. Cisternal maturation can potentially be reconciled with Golgi compartmentation by defining compartments as discrete kinetic stages in the maturation process. These kinetic stages are distinguished by the traffic pathways that are operating. For example, a major transition occurs when a cisterna stops producing COPI vesicles and begins producing clathrin-coated vesicles. This transition separates one kinetic stage, the "early Golgi," from a subsequent kinetic stage, the "late Golgi" or "trans-Golgi network (TGN)." But multiple traffic pathways drive Golgi maturation, and the periods of operation for different traffic pathways can partially overlap, so there is no simple way to define a full set of Golgi compartments in terms of kinetic stages. Instead, we propose that the focus should be on the series of transitions experienced by a Golgi cisterna as various traffic pathways are switched on and off. These traffic pathways drive changes in resident transmembrane protein composition. Transitions in traffic pathways seem to be the fundamental, conserved determinants of Golgi organization. According to this view, the initial goal is to identify the relevant traffic pathways and place them on the kinetic map of Golgi maturation, and the ultimate goal is to elucidate the logic circuit that switches individual traffic pathways on and off as a cisterna matures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areti Pantazopoulou
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Benjamin S Glick
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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22
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Ernst AM, Toomre D, Bogan JS. Acylation - A New Means to Control Traffic Through the Golgi. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:109. [PMID: 31245373 PMCID: PMC6582194 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi is well known to act as center for modification and sorting of proteins for secretion and delivery to other organelles. A key sorting step occurs at the trans-Golgi network and is mediated by protein adapters. However, recent data indicate that sorting also occurs much earlier, at the cis-Golgi, and uses lipid acylation as a novel means to regulate anterograde flux. Here, we examine an emerging role of S-palmitoylation/acylation as a mechanism to regulate anterograde routing. We discuss the critical Golgi-localized DHHC S-palmitoyltransferase enzymes that orchestrate this lipid modification, as well as their diverse protein clients (e.g., MAP6, SNAP25, CSP, LAT, β-adrenergic receptors, GABA receptors, and GLUT4 glucose transporters). Critically, for integral membrane proteins, S-acylation can act as new a “self-sorting” signal to concentrate these cargoes in rims of Golgi cisternae, and to promote their rapid traffic through the Golgi or, potentially, to bypass the Golgi. We discuss this mechanism and examine its potential relevance to human physiology and disease, including diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M Ernst
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Derek Toomre
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jonathan S Bogan
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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23
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Kurokawa K, Osakada H, Kojidani T, Waga M, Suda Y, Asakawa H, Haraguchi T, Nakano A. Visualization of secretory cargo transport within the Golgi apparatus. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:1602-1618. [PMID: 30858192 PMCID: PMC6504898 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201807194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Kurokawa et al. visualize the transport of secretory cargo in the Golgi apparatus in living yeast cells. Cargo stays in the cisterna, whose property changes from cis to trans and further to the trans-Golgi network, but shows a dynamic behavior between the early and the late zones within the maturing cisterna. To describe trafficking of secretory cargo within the Golgi apparatus, the cisternal maturation model predicts that Golgi cisternae change their properties from cis to trans while cargo remains in the cisternae. Cisternal change has been demonstrated in living yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, the behavior of cargo has yet to be examined directly. In this study, we conducted simultaneous three-color and four-dimensional visualization of secretory transmembrane cargo together with early and late Golgi resident proteins. We show that cargo stays in a Golgi cisterna during maturation from cis-Golgi to trans-Golgi and further to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), which involves dynamic mixing and segregation of two zones of the earlier and later Golgi resident proteins. The location of cargo changes from the early to the late zone within the cisterna during the progression of maturation. In addition, cargo shows an interesting behavior during the maturation to the TGN. After most cargo has reached the TGN zone, a small amount of cargo frequently reappears in the earlier zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Kurokawa
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroko Osakada
- Advanced ICT Research Institute Kobe, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kojidani
- Advanced ICT Research Institute Kobe, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Waga
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Suda
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Asakawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tokuko Haraguchi
- Advanced ICT Research Institute Kobe, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan
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24
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Casler JC, Papanikou E, Barrero JJ, Glick BS. Maturation-driven transport and AP-1-dependent recycling of a secretory cargo in the Golgi. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:1582-1601. [PMID: 30858194 PMCID: PMC6504904 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201807195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi cisternal maturation model predicts that secretory cargo proteins should be continuously present within the cisternae while resident Golgi proteins come and go. Casler et al. verify this prediction by tracking the passage of a fluorescent secretory cargo through the yeast Golgi. Golgi cisternal maturation has been visualized by fluorescence imaging of individual cisternae in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but those experiments did not track passage of a secretory cargo. The expectation is that a secretory cargo will be continuously present within maturing cisternae as resident Golgi proteins arrive and depart. We tested this idea using a regulatable fluorescent secretory cargo that forms ER-localized aggregates, which dissociate into tetramers upon addition of a ligand. The solubilized tetramers rapidly exit the ER and then transit through early and late Golgi compartments before being secreted. Early Golgi cisternae form near the ER and become loaded with the secretory cargo. As predicted, cisternae contain the secretory cargo throughout the maturation process. An unexpected finding is that a burst of intra-Golgi recycling delivers additional secretory cargo molecules to cisternae during the early-to-late Golgi transition. This recycling requires the AP-1 adaptor, suggesting that AP-1 can recycle secretory cargo proteins as well as resident Golgi proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Casler
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Effrosyni Papanikou
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Juan J Barrero
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Benjamin S Glick
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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25
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Mironov AA, Dimov ID, Beznoussenko GV. Role of Intracellular Transport in the Centriole-Dependent Formation of Golgi Ribbon. Results Probl Cell Differ 2019; 67:49-79. [PMID: 31435792 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23173-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular transport is the most confusing issue in the field of cell biology. The Golgi complex (GC) is the central station along the secretory pathway. It contains Golgi glycosylation enzymes, which are responsible for protein and lipid glycosylation, and in many cells, it is organized into a ribbon. Position and structure of the GC depend on the position and function of the centriole. Here, we analyze published data related to the role of centriole and intracellular transport (ICT) for the formation of Golgi ribbon and specifically stress the importance of the delivery of membranes containing cargo and membrane proteins to the cell centre where centriole/centrosome is localized. Additionally, we re-examined the formation of Golgi ribbon from the point of view of different models of ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan D Dimov
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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26
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Adolf F, Rhiel M, Hessling B, Gao Q, Hellwig A, Béthune J, Wieland FT. Proteomic Profiling of Mammalian COPII and COPI Vesicles. Cell Rep 2019; 26:250-265.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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