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Yamasaki A, Imanishi I, Tanaka K, Ohkawa Y, Tsuda M, Masuda T. IRF8 and MAFB drive distinct transcriptional machineries in different resident macrophages of the central nervous system. Commun Biol 2024; 7:896. [PMID: 39043941 PMCID: PMC11266354 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) includes anatomically distinct macrophage populations including parenchyma microglia and CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs) localized at the interfaces like meninges and perivascular space, which play specialized roles for the maintenance of the CNS homeostasis with the help of precisely controlled gene expressions. However, the transcriptional machinery that determines their cell-type specific states of microglia and CAMs remains poorly understood. Here we show, by myeloid cell-specific deletion of transcription factors, IRF8 and MAFB, that both adult microglia and CAMs utilize IRF8 to maintain their core gene signatures, although the genes altered by IRF8 deletion are different in the two macrophage populations. By contrast, MAFB deficiency robustly affected the gene expression profile of adult microglia, whereas CAMs are almost independent of MAFB. Our data suggest that distinct transcriptional machineries regulate different macrophages in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayato Yamasaki
- Division of Molecular Neuroimmunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Iroha Imanishi
- Division of Molecular Neuroimmunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Tsuda
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Masuda
- Division of Molecular Neuroimmunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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2
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Yadav MK, Ishida M, Gogoleva N, Liao CW, Salim FN, Kanai M, Kuno A, Hayashi T, Shahri ZJ, Kulathunga K, Samir O, Lyu W, Olivia O, Mbanefo EC, Takahashi S, Hamada M. MAFB in macrophages regulates cold-induced neuronal density in brown adipose tissue. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113978. [PMID: 38522069 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor MAFB regulates various homeostatic functions of macrophages. This study explores the role of MAFB in brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis using macrophage-specific Mafb-deficient (Mafbf/f::LysM-Cre) mice. We find that Mafb deficiency in macrophages reduces thermogenesis, energy expenditure, and sympathetic neuron (SN) density in BAT under cold conditions. This phenotype features a proinflammatory environment that is characterized by macrophage/granulocyte accumulation, increases in interleukin-6 (IL-6) production, and IL-6 trans-signaling, which lead to decreases in nerve growth factor (NGF) expression and reduction in SN density in BAT. We confirm MAFB regulation of IL-6 expression using luciferase readout driven by IL-6 promoter in RAW-264.7 macrophage cell lines. Immunohistochemistry shows clustered organization of NGF-producing cells in BAT, which are primarily TRPV1+ vascular smooth muscle cells, as additionally shown using single-cell RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR of the stromal vascular fraction. Treating Mafbf/f::LysM-Cre mice with anti-IL-6 receptor antibody rescues SN density, body temperature, and energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Megumi Ishida
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Natalia Gogoleva
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ching-Wei Liao
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Filiani Natalia Salim
- Centre for Medical Science and Technology and Healthcare Equity, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung 40141, Indonesia
| | - Maho Kanai
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kuno
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takuto Hayashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Zeynab Javanfekr Shahri
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kaushalya Kulathunga
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Omar Samir
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wenxin Lyu
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olivia Olivia
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Michito Hamada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
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3
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Zhang W, Chen W, Lei J, Li J, Yang M, Li L. The Expression of MAFB Gene in Circulating Monocytes Is Related to Chronic Inflammatory Status in T2DM Patients. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02012-7. [PMID: 38602607 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Immune cell-mediated chronic inflammation is one of the causes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, identifying inflammatory markers in circulating immune cells is highly important for predicting insulin resistance (IR) and the occurrence of T2DM. In this study, we discovered that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T2DM patients were associated with innate immunity and chronic inflammatory responses through bulk transcriptome sequencing (bulk RNA-seq). Gene integration analysis revealed that nine DEGs were upregulated, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that V-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (MAFB), a candidate biomarker, has a certain predictive value for T2DM. In population-based cohort studies, we found that MAFB expression was significantly upregulated in the PBMCs of T2DM patients and was significantly correlated with homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), adiponectin (Adipoq), etc. We further evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of MAFB and other clinical parameters for predicting and diagnosing T2DM and found that MAFB expression in PBMCs had a positive effect on the prediction and diagnosis of T2DM. Finally, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis revealed that the increase in MAFB expression was mainly in nonclassical monocytes. Our results suggest that increased MAFB expression in circulating monocytes may mediate chronic inflammatory status in patients with T2DM. Therefore, MAFB gene expression in circulating monocytes has certain clinical significance for predicting and assisting in the diagnosis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanliang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics in the Ministry of Education and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenyun Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics in the Ministry of Education and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingwei Lei
- The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics in the Ministry of Education and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics in the Ministry of Education and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengliu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics in the Ministry of Education and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Wohnhaas CT, Baßler K, Watson CK, Shen Y, Leparc GG, Tilp C, Heinemann F, Kind D, Stierstorfer B, Delić D, Brunner T, Gantner F, Schultze JL, Viollet C, Baum P. Monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages are key drivers of smoke-induced lung inflammation and tissue remodeling. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1325090. [PMID: 38348034 PMCID: PMC10859862 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1325090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a leading risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), that is characterized by chronic lung inflammation, tissue remodeling and emphysema. Although inflammation is critical to COPD pathogenesis, the cellular and molecular basis underlying smoking-induced lung inflammation and pathology remains unclear. Using murine smoke models and single-cell RNA-sequencing, we show that smoking establishes a self-amplifying inflammatory loop characterized by an influx of molecularly heterogeneous neutrophil subsets and excessive recruitment of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (MoAM). In contrast to tissue-resident AM, MoAM are absent in homeostasis and characterized by a pro-inflammatory gene signature. Moreover, MoAM represent 46% of AM in emphysematous mice and express markers causally linked to emphysema. We also demonstrate the presence of pro-inflammatory and tissue remodeling associated MoAM orthologs in humans that are significantly increased in emphysematous COPD patients. Inhibition of the IRAK4 kinase depletes a rare inflammatory neutrophil subset, diminishes MoAM recruitment, and alleviates inflammation in the lung of cigarette smoke-exposed mice. This study extends our understanding of the molecular signaling circuits and cellular dynamics in smoking-induced lung inflammation and pathology, highlights the functional consequence of monocyte and neutrophil recruitment, identifies MoAM as key drivers of the inflammatory process, and supports their contribution to pathological tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian T. Wohnhaas
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Kevin Baßler
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carolin K. Watson
- Immunology & Respiratory Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Yang Shen
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Germán G. Leparc
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Cornelia Tilp
- Immunology & Respiratory Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Fabian Heinemann
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - David Kind
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Birgit Stierstorfer
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Denis Delić
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Brunner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Florian Gantner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, C. H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Joachim L. Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Coralie Viollet
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Patrick Baum
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
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Pérez-Stuardo D, Frazão M, Ibaceta V, Brianson B, Sánchez E, Rivas-Pardo JA, Vallejos-Vidal E, Reyes-López FE, Toro-Ascuy D, Vidal EA, Reyes-Cerpa S. KLF17 is an important regulatory component of the transcriptomic response of Atlantic salmon macrophages to Piscirickettsia salmonis infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1264599. [PMID: 38162669 PMCID: PMC10755876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1264599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Piscirickettsia salmonis is the most important health problem facing Chilean Aquaculture. Previous reports suggest that P. salmonis can survive in salmonid macrophages by interfering with the host immune response. However, the relevant aspects of the molecular pathogenesis of P. salmonis have been poorly characterized. In this work, we evaluated the transcriptomic changes in macrophage-like cell line SHK-1 infected with P. salmonis at 24- and 48-hours post-infection (hpi) and generated network models of the macrophage response to the infection using co-expression analysis and regulatory transcription factor-target gene information. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 635 genes were differentially expressed after 24- and/or 48-hpi. The pattern of expression of these genes was analyzed by weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), which classified genes into 4 modules of expression, comprising early responses to the bacterium. Induced genes included genes involved in metabolism and cell differentiation, intracellular transportation, and cytoskeleton reorganization, while repressed genes included genes involved in extracellular matrix organization and RNA metabolism. To understand how these expression changes are orchestrated and to pinpoint relevant transcription factors (TFs) controlling the response, we established a curated database of TF-target gene regulatory interactions in Salmo salar, SalSaDB. Using this resource, together with co-expression module data, we generated infection context-specific networks that were analyzed to determine highly connected TF nodes. We found that the most connected TF of the 24- and 48-hpi response networks is KLF17, an ortholog of the KLF4 TF involved in the polarization of macrophages to an M2-phenotype in mammals. Interestingly, while KLF17 is induced by P. salmonis infection, other TFs, such as NOTCH3 and NFATC1, whose orthologs in mammals are related to M1-like macrophages, are repressed. In sum, our results suggest the induction of early regulatory events associated with an M2-like phenotype of macrophages that drives effectors related to the lysosome, RNA metabolism, cytoskeleton organization, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Moreover, the M1-like response seems delayed in generating an effective response, suggesting a polarization towards M2-like macrophages that allows the survival of P. salmonis. This work also contributes to SalSaDB, a curated database of TF-target gene interactions that is freely available for the Atlantic salmon community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Pérez-Stuardo
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Genómica Integrativa, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mateus Frazão
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Ibaceta
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bernardo Brianson
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Evelyn Sánchez
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Genómica Integrativa, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID) Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - J. Andrés Rivas-Pardo
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eva Vallejos-Vidal
- Núcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad De Las Américas, La Florida, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe E. Reyes-López
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Toro-Ascuy
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elena A. Vidal
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID) Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Reyes-Cerpa
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Chen J, Zhao X, Huang C, Lin J. Novel insights into molecular signatures and pathogenic cell populations shared by systemic lupus erythematosus and vascular dementia. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:337. [PMID: 37971684 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Although vascular dementia (VD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may share immune-mediated pathophysiologic processes, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated shared gene signatures in SLE versus VD, as well as their potential molecular mechanisms. Bulk RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and single-cell or single-nucleus RNAseq (sc/snRNAseq) datasets from SLE blood samples and VD brain samples were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. The identification of genes associated with both SLE and VD was performed using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and machine learning algorithms. For the sc/snRNAseq data, an unbiased clustering pipeline based on Seurat and CellChat was used to determine the cellular landscape profile and examine intracellular communication, respectively. The results were subsequently validated using a mice model of SLE with cognitive dysfunction (female MRL/lpr mice). WGCNA and machine learning identified C1QA, LY96, CD163, and MS4A4A as key genes for SLE and VD. sc/snRNAseq analyses revealed that CD163 and MS4A4A were upregulated in mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) from SLE and VD samples and were associated with monocyte-macrophage differentiation. Intriguingly, LGALS9-associated molecular pathway, as the only signaling pathway common between SLE and VD via CellChat analysis, exhibited significant upregulation in cortical microglia of MRL/lpr mice. Our analyses identified C1QA, LY96, CD163, and MS4A4A as potential biomarkers for SLE and VD. Moreover, the upregulation of CD163/MS4A4A and activation of LGALS9 signaling in MPs may contribute to the pathogenesis of VD with SLE. These findings offer novel insight into the mechanisms underlying VD in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao'feng Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia'xing Lin
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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7
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Sebastian A, Martin KA, Peran I, Hum NR, Leon NF, Amiri B, Wilson SP, Coleman MA, Wheeler EK, Byers SW, Loots GG. Loss of Cadherin-11 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma alters tumor-immune microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1286861. [PMID: 37954069 PMCID: PMC10639148 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1286861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the top five deadliest forms of cancer with very few treatment options. The 5-year survival rate for PDAC is 10% following diagnosis. Cadherin 11 (Cdh11), a cell-to-cell adhesion molecule, has been suggested to promote tumor growth and immunosuppression in PDAC, and Cdh11 inhibition significantly extended survival in mice with PDAC. However, the mechanisms by which Cdh11 deficiency influences PDAC progression and anti-tumor immune responses have yet to be fully elucidated. To investigate Cdh11-deficiency induced changes in PDAC tumor microenvironment (TME), we crossed p48-Cre; LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53R172H/+ (KPC) mice with Cdh11+/- mice and performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the non-immune (CD45-) and immune (CD45+) compartment of KPC tumor-bearing Cdh11 proficient (KPC-Cdh11+/+) and Cdh11 deficient (KPC-Cdh11+/-) mice. Our analysis showed that Cdh11 is expressed primarily in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and at low levels in epithelial cells undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cdh11 deficiency altered the molecular profile of CAFs, leading to a decrease in the expression of myofibroblast markers such as Acta2 and Tagln and cytokines such as Il6, Il33 and Midkine (Mdk). We also observed a significant decrease in the presence of monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils in KPC-Cdh11+/- tumors while the proportion of T cells was increased. Additionally, myeloid lineage cells from Cdh11-deficient tumors had reduced expression of immunosuppressive cytokines that have previously been shown to play a role in immune suppression. In summary, our data suggests that Cdh11 deficiency significantly alters the fibroblast and immune microenvironments and contributes to the reduction of immunosuppressive cytokines, leading to an increase in anti-tumor immunity and enhanced survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimy Sebastian
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Kelly A. Martin
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Ivana Peran
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Nicholas R. Hum
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Nicole F. Leon
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Beheshta Amiri
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Stephen P. Wilson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Matthew A. Coleman
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth K. Wheeler
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Stephen W. Byers
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Gabriela G. Loots
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States
- University of California Davis Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sacramento, CA, United States
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8
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Cui H, Banerjee S, Xie N, Dey T, Liu RM, Sanders YY, Liu G. MafB regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation by sustaining p62 expression in macrophages. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1047. [PMID: 37845329 PMCID: PMC10579372 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is a two-step process: the priming and the activating. The priming step involves the induction of NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β, while the activating step leads to the full inflammasome activation triggered by a NLRP3 activator. Although mechanisms underlying the NLRP3 inflammasome activation have been increasingly clear, the regulation of this process remains incompletely understood. In this study, we find that LPS and Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause a rapid downregulation in MafB transcription in macrophages, which leads to a quick decline in the level of MafB protein because MafB is short-lived and constantly degraded by the ubiquitin/proteasome system. We find that MafB knockdown or knockout markedly enhances the NLRP3, but not the NLRP1, NLRC4, or AIM2, inflammasome activation in macrophages. Conversely, pharmacological induction of MafB diminishes the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mechanistically, we find that MafB sustains the expression of p62, a key mediator of autophagy/mitophagy. We find that MafB inhibits mitochondrial damage, and mitochondrial ROS production and DNA cytoplasmic release. Furthermore, we find that myeloid MafB deficient mice demonstrate increased systemic and lung IL-1β production in response to LPS treatment and P. aeruginosa infection and deficient lung P. aeruginosa clearance in vivo. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that MafB is an important negative regulator of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Our findings suggest that strategies elevating MafB may be effective to treat immune disorders due to excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachun Cui
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Sami Banerjee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Na Xie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Tapan Dey
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Rui-Ming Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yan Y Sanders
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, 23501, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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9
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Takeuchi F, Liang YQ, Shimizu-Furusawa H, Isono M, Ang MY, Mori K, Mori T, Kakazu E, Yoshio S, Kato N. Gene-regulation modules in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease revealed by single-nucleus ATAC-seq. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202301988. [PMID: 37491046 PMCID: PMC10368228 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202301988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease from fatty liver to steatohepatitis using single-nucleus and bulk ATAC-seq on the livers of rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Rats fed HFD for 4 wk developed fatty liver, and those fed HFD for 8 wk further progressed to steatohepatitis. We observed an increase in the proportion of inflammatory macrophages, consistent with the pathological progression. Utilizing machine learning, we divided global gene regulation into modules, wherein transcription factors within a module could regulate genes within the same module, reaffirming known regulatory relationships between transcription factors and biological processes. We identified core genes-central to co-expression and protein-protein interaction-for the biological processes discovered. Notably, a large part of the core genes overlapped with genes previously implicated in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Single-nucleus ATAC-seq, combined with data-driven statistical analysis, offers insight into in vivo global gene regulation as a combination of modules and assists in identifying core genes of relevant biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical Genomics Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yi-Qiang Liang
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hana Shimizu-Furusawa
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Isono
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mia Yang Ang
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Mori
- Medical Genomics Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taizo Mori
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiji Kakazu
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Yoshio
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical Genomics Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Fujino M, Ojima M, Takahashi S. Exploring Large MAF Transcription Factors: Functions, Pathology, and Mouse Models with Point Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1883. [PMID: 37895232 PMCID: PMC10606904 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Large musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (MAF) transcription factors contain acidic, basic, and leucine zipper regions. Four types of MAF have been elucidated in mice and humans, namely c-MAF, MAFA, MAFB, and NRL. This review aimed to elaborate on the functions of MAF transcription factors that have been studied in vivo so far, as well as describe the pathology of human patients and corresponding mouse models with c-MAF, MAFA, and MAFB point mutations. To identify the functions of MAF transcription factors in vivo, we generated genetically modified mice lacking c-MAF, MAFA, and MAFB and analyzed their phenotypes. Further, in recent years, c-MAF, MAFA, and MAFB have been identified as causative genes underpinning many rare diseases. Careful observation of human patients and animal models is important to examine the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these conditions for targeted therapies. Murine models exhibit phenotypes similar to those of human patients with c-MAF, MAFA, and MAFB mutations. Therefore, generating these animal models emphasizes their usefulness for research uncovering the pathophysiology of point mutations in MAF transcription factors and the development of etiology-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunori Fujino
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan; (M.F.); (M.O.)
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masami Ojima
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan; (M.F.); (M.O.)
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan; (M.F.); (M.O.)
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
- Life Science Center, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
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11
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Deguchi M, Fukazawa T, Kubo T. regeneration factors expressed on myeloid expression in macrophage-like cells is required for tail regeneration in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Development 2023; 150:dev200467. [PMID: 37522363 PMCID: PMC10445729 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Xenopus laevis tadpoles can regenerate whole tails after amputation. We have previously reported that interleukin 11 (il11) is required for tail regeneration. In this study, we have screened for genes that support tail regeneration under Il11 signaling in a certain cell type and have identified the previously uncharacterized genes Xetrov90002578m.L and Xetrov90002579m.S [referred to hereafter as regeneration factors expressed on myeloid.L (rfem.L) and rfem.S]. Knockdown (KD) of rfem.L and rfem.S causes defects of tail regeneration, indicating that rfem.L and/or rfem.S are required for tail regeneration. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that rfem.L and rfem.S are expressed in a subset of leukocytes with a macrophage-like gene expression profile. KD of colony-stimulating factor 1 (csf1), which is essential for macrophage differentiation and survival, reduced rfem.L and rfem.S expression levels and the number of rfem.L- and rfem.S-expressing cells in the regeneration bud. Furthermore, forced expression of rfem.L under control of the mpeg1 promoter, which drives rfem.L in macrophage-like cells, rescues rfem.L and rfem.S KD-induced tail regeneration defects. Our findings suggest that rfem.L or rfem.S expression in macrophage-like cells is required for tail regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Deguchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taro Fukazawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takeo Kubo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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12
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Feng D, Xiang X, Guan Y, Guillot A, Lu H, Chang C, He Y, Wang H, Pan H, Ju C, Colgan SP, Tacke F, Wang XW, Kunos G, Gao B. Monocyte-derived macrophages orchestrate multiple cell-type interactions to repair necrotic liver lesions in disease models. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e166954. [PMID: 37338984 PMCID: PMC10378165 DOI: 10.1172/jci166954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver can fully regenerate after partial resection, and its underlying mechanisms have been extensively studied. The liver can also rapidly regenerate after injury, with most studies focusing on hepatocyte proliferation; however, how hepatic necrotic lesions during acute or chronic liver diseases are eliminated and repaired remains obscure. Here, we demonstrate that monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs) were rapidly recruited to and encapsulated necrotic areas during immune-mediated liver injury and that this feature was essential in repairing necrotic lesions. At the early stage of injury, infiltrating MoMFs activated the Jagged1/notch homolog protein 2 (JAG1/NOTCH2) axis to induce cell death-resistant SRY-box transcription factor 9+ (SOX9+) hepatocytes near the necrotic lesions, which acted as a barrier from further injury. Subsequently, necrotic environment (hypoxia and dead cells) induced a cluster of complement 1q-positive (C1q+) MoMFs that promoted necrotic removal and liver repair, while Pdgfb+ MoMFs activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to express α-smooth muscle actin and induce a strong contraction signal (YAP, pMLC) to squeeze and finally eliminate the necrotic lesions. In conclusion, MoMFs play a key role in repairing the necrotic lesions, not only by removing necrotic tissues, but also by inducing cell death-resistant hepatocytes to form a perinecrotic capsule and by activating α-smooth muscle actin-expressing HSCs to facilitate necrotic lesion resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechun Feng
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaogang Xiang
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yukun Guan
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Adrien Guillot
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hongkun Lu
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chingwen Chang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and
- Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yong He
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hongna Pan
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cynthia Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis and
- Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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13
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Sadaki S, Fujita R, Hayashi T, Nakamura A, Okamura Y, Fuseya S, Hamada M, Warabi E, Kuno A, Ishii A, Muratani M, Okada R, Shiba D, Kudo T, Takeda S, Takahashi S. Large Maf transcription factor family is a major regulator of fast type IIb myofiber determination. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112289. [PMID: 36952339 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Myofibers are broadly characterized as fatigue-resistant slow-twitch (type I) fibers and rapidly fatiguing fast-twitch (type IIa/IIx/IIb) fibers. However, the molecular regulation of myofiber type is not entirely understood; particularly, information on regulators of fast-twitch muscle is scarce. Here, we demonstrate that the large Maf transcription factor family dictates fast type IIb myofiber specification in mice. Remarkably, the ablation of three large Mafs leads to the drastic loss of type IIb myofibers, resulting in enhanced endurance capacity and the reduction of muscle force. Conversely, the overexpression of each large Maf in the type I soleus muscle induces type IIb myofibers. Mechanistically, a large Maf directly binds to the Maf recognition element on the promoter of myosin heavy chain 4, which encodes the type IIb myosin heavy chain, driving its expression. This work identifies the large Maf transcription factor family as a major regulator for fast type IIb muscle determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Sadaki
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Humanics, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujita
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Takuto Hayashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ayano Nakamura
- College of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yui Okamura
- College of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Sayaka Fuseya
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Michito Hamada
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Eiji Warabi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishii
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masafumi Muratani
- Department of Genome Biology, Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Risa Okada
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - Dai Shiba
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shin'ichi Takeda
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
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14
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Jin D, Zhao Y, Sun Y, Xue J, Li X, Wang X. Jiedu Tongluo Baoshen formula enhances renal tubular epithelial cell autophagy to prevent renal fibrosis by activating SIRT1/LKB1/AMPK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114340. [PMID: 36738503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis, an important pathological change in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), urgently needs new treatment methods clinically. The Jiedu Tongluo Baoshen (JTBF) formula was created based on the theory of toxic damage to the kidney collaterals, and a variety of active ingredients in JTBF have inhibitory effects on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, the Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) was employed to analyze the effective ingredients in the JTBF formula. After screening in the PubChem database, we identified 94 active compounds of JTBF and predicted the SIRT1 pathway as potential targets through network pharmacology. In addition, in the high fat diet (HFD)+Streptozocin (STZ)-induced DKD rat model and high glucose (HG)-induced NRK-52E cell model, JTBF treatment activates the phosphorylation of LKB1 and AMPK and enhances the autophagy activity of NRK-52E cells, thereby reducing the accumulation of EMT and ECM. These results have been confirmed in vivo and in vitro experiments. JTBF enhances the autophagy activity of renal tubular epithelial cells and inhibits the progression of DKD renal fibrosis by activating the SIRT1/LKB1/AMPK signal pathway. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of JTBF to prevent and treat DKD renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jin
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yunyun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Endocrinology Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xue
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiuge Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China.
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15
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Astrocytic and microglial interleukin-1β mediates complement C1q-triggered orofacial mechanical allodynia. Neurosci Res 2023; 188:68-74. [PMID: 36334640 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Glial cells, such as microglia and astrocytes, in the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) are activated after trigeminal nerve injury and interact with Vc neurons to contribute to orofacial neuropathic pain. Complement C1q released from microglia has been reported to activate astrocytes and causes orofacial mechanical allodynia. However, how C1q-induced phenotypic alterations in Vc astrocytes are involved in orofacial pain remains to be elucidated. Intracisternal administration of C1q caused mechanical allodynia in the whisker pad skin and concurrent significant upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 in the Vc. Immunohistochemical analyses clarified that C1q induces a significant increase in the cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β, predominantly in Vc astrocytes and partially in Vc microglia. The number of c-Fos-positive neurons in the Vc increased significantly in response to C1q. IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) was used to analyze the involvement of IL-1β in C1q-induced mechanical allodynia. Intracisternal administration of IL-1Ra ameliorated C1q-induced orofacial mechanical allodynia. The present findings suggest that IL-1β released from activated astrocytes and microglia in the Vc mediates C1q-induced orofacial pain.
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16
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Iweka CA, Seigneur E, Hernandez AL, Paredes SH, Cabrera M, Blacher E, Pasternak CT, Longo FM, de Lecea L, Andreasson KI. Myeloid deficiency of the intrinsic clock protein BMAL1 accelerates cognitive aging by disrupting microglial synaptic pruning. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:48. [PMID: 36829230 PMCID: PMC9951430 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02727-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with loss of circadian immune responses and circadian gene transcription in peripheral macrophages. Microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain, also show diurnal rhythmicity in regulating local immune responses and synaptic remodeling. To investigate the interaction between aging and microglial circadian rhythmicity, we examined mice deficient in the core clock transcription factor, BMAL1. Aging Cd11bcre;Bmallox/lox mice demonstrated accelerated cognitive decline in association with suppressed hippocampal long-term potentiation and increases in immature dendritic spines. C1q deposition at synapses and synaptic engulfment were significantly decreased in aging Bmal1-deficient microglia, suggesting that BMAL1 plays a role in regulating synaptic pruning in aging. In addition to accelerated age-associated hippocampal deficits, Cd11bcre;Bmallox/lox mice also showed deficits in the sleep-wake cycle with increased wakefulness across light and dark phases. These results highlight an essential role of microglial BMAL1 in maintenance of synapse homeostasis in the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinyere Agbaegbu Iweka
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erica Seigneur
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amira Latif Hernandez
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Mica Cabrera
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eran Blacher
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat-Ram, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Connie Tsai Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Frank M Longo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katrin I Andreasson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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17
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Yang LX, Zhang CT, Yang MY, Zhang XH, Liu HC, Luo CH, Jiang Y, Wang ZM, Yang ZY, Shi ZP, Yang YC, Wei RQ, Zhou L, Mi J, Zhou AW, Yao ZR, Xia L, Yan JS, Lu Y. C1Q labels a highly aggressive macrophage-like leukemia population indicating extramedullary infiltration and relapse. Blood 2023; 141:766-786. [PMID: 36322939 PMCID: PMC10651790 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Extramedullary infiltration (EMI) is a concomitant manifestation that may indicate poor outcome of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The underlying mechanism remains poorly understood and therapeutic options are limited. Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing on bone marrow (BM) and EMI samples from a patient with AML presenting pervasive leukemia cutis. A complement C1Q+ macrophage-like leukemia subset, which was enriched within cutis and existed in BM before EMI manifestations, was identified and further verified in multiple patients with AML. Genomic and transcriptional profiling disclosed mutation and gene expression signatures of patients with EMI that expressed high levels of C1Q. RNA sequencing and quantitative proteomic analysis revealed expression dynamics of C1Q from primary to relapse. Univariate and multivariate analysis demonstrated adverse prognosis significance of C1Q expression. Mechanistically, C1Q expression, which was modulated by transcription factor MAF BZIP transcription factor B, endowed leukemia cells with tissue infiltration ability, which could establish prominent cutaneous or gastrointestinal EMI nodules in patient-derived xenograft and cell line-derived xenograft models. Fibroblasts attracted migration of the C1Q+ leukemia cells through C1Q-globular C1Q receptor recognition and subsequent stimulation of transforming growth factor β1. This cell-to-cell communication also contributed to survival of C1Q+ leukemia cells under chemotherapy stress. Thus, C1Q served as a marker for AML with adverse prognosis, orchestrating cancer infiltration pathways through communicating with fibroblasts and represents a compelling therapeutic target for EMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xue Yang
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Tao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Diamond Bay Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Meng-Ying Yang
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Hong Zhang
- Center of Genome and Personalized Medicine, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong-Chen Liu
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Diamond Bay Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chen-Hui Luo
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Diamond Bay Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhang-Man Wang
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Diamond Bay Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhong-Yin Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-Peng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Basic Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ci Yang
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Diamond Bay Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ruo-Qu Wei
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Basic Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Mi
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Basic Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Wu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Basic Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Yao
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Basic Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Song Yan
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Diamond Bay Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant innate immune cells, play essential roles in the innate immune system. As key innate immune cells, neutrophils detect intrusion of pathogens and initiate immune cascades with their functions; swarming (arresting), cytokine production, degranulation, phagocytosis, and projection of neutrophil extracellular trap. Because of their short lifespan and consumption during immune response, neutrophils need to be generated consistently, and generation of newborn neutrophils (granulopoiesis) should fulfill the environmental/systemic demands for training in cases of infection. Accumulating evidence suggests that neutrophils also play important roles in the regulation of adaptive immunity. Neutrophil-mediated immune responses end with apoptosis of the cells, and proper phagocytosis of the apoptotic body (efferocytosis) is crucial for initial and post resolution by producing tolerogenic innate/adaptive immune cells. However, inflammatory cues can impair these cascades, resulting in systemic immune activation; necrotic/pyroptotic neutrophil bodies can aggravate the excessive inflammation, increasing inflammatory macrophage and dendritic cell activation and subsequent TH1/TH17 responses contributing to the regulation of the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. In this review, we briefly introduce recent studies of neutrophil function as players of immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Korea
| | - Suh Yeon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yoe-Sik Bae
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Corresponding author. Tel: +82-31-290-5914; Fax: +82-31-290-7015; E-mail:
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19
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Mafba and Mafbb regulate microglial colonization of zebrafish brain via controlling chemotaxis receptor expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203273119. [PMID: 36122226 PMCID: PMC9522419 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203273119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are a subpopulation of macrophages residing in the central nervous system (CNS). Because microglial precursors/peripheral macrophages are born in peripheral hematopoietic tissues, the establishment of a microglia pool in the CNS involves two processes: colonization, the homing of macrophages from peripheral tissues to the CNS, and maturation, the differentiation of brain-colonizing macrophages into microglia. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying microglial colonization during early development. Utilizing a zebrafish model system, we show that Mafba and Mafbb, two zebrafish orthologs of mammalian MAFB essential for macrophage differentiation and phagocytosis, regulate microglial colonization of the brain via modulating the lysoPS-Gpr34a signaling pathway during early embryogenesis. Our findings reveal a previously unappreciated genetic mechanism involved in microglial colonization of the brain. Microglia are the central nervous system (CNS)–resident macrophages involved in neural inflammation, neurogenesis, and neural activity regulation. Previous studies have shown that naturally occurring neuronal apoptosis plays a critical role in regulating microglial colonization of the brain in zebrafish. However, the molecular signaling cascades underlying neuronal apoptosis-mediated microglial colonization and the regulation of these cascades remain undefined. Here, we show that basic leucine zipper (b-Zip) transcription factors, Mafba and Mafbb, two zebrafish orthologs of mammalian MAFB, are key regulators in neuronal apoptosis-mediated microglial colonization of the brain in zebrafish. We document that the loss of Mafba and Mafbb function perturbs microglial colonization of the brain. We further demonstrate that Mafba and Mafbb act cell-autonomously and cooperatively to orchestrate microglial colonization, at least in part, by regulating the expression of G protein–coupled receptor 34a (Gpr34a), which directs peripheral macrophage recruitment into the brain through sensing the lysophosphatidylserine (lysoPS) released by the apoptotic neurons. Our study reveals that Mafba and Mafbb regulate neuronal apoptosis-mediated microglial colonization of the brain in zebrafish via the lysoPS-Gpr34a pathway.
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Transcription Factor MAFB as a Prognostic Biomarker for the Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179945. [PMID: 36077342 PMCID: PMC9456510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MAFB is a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor specifically expressed in macrophages. We have previously identified MAFB as a candidate marker for tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in human and mouse models. Here, we analyzed single-cell sequencing data of patients with lung adenocarcinoma obtained from the GEO database (GSE131907). Analyzed data showed that general macrophage marker CD68 and macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (CD204) were expressed in TAM and lung tissue macrophage clusters, while transcription factor MAFB was expressed specifically in TAM clusters. Clinical records of 120 patients with lung adenocarcinoma stage I (n = 57), II (n = 21), and III (n = 42) were retrieved from Tsukuba Human Tissue Biobank Center (THB) in the University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan. Tumor tissues from these patients were extracted and stained with anti-human MAFB antibody, and then MAFB-positive cells relative to the tissue area (MAFB+ cells/tissue area) were morphometrically quantified. Our results indicated that higher numbers of MAFB+ cells significantly correlated to increased local lymph node metastasis (nodal involvement), high recurrence rate, poor pathological stage, increased lymphatic permeation, higher vascular invasion, and pleural infiltration. Moreover, increased amounts of MAFB+ cells were related to poor overall survival and disease-free survival, especially in smokers. These data indicate that MAFB may be a suitable prognostic biomarker for smoker lung cancer patients.
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21
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Macrophage-Specific, Mafb-Deficient Mice Showed Delayed Skin Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169346. [PMID: 36012611 PMCID: PMC9409077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play essential roles throughout the wound repair process. Nevertheless, mechanisms regulating the process are poorly understood. MAFB is specifically expressed in the macrophages in hematopoietic tissue and is vital to homeostatic function. Comparison of the skin wound repair rates in macrophage-specific, MAFB-deficient mice (Mafbf/f::LysM-Cre) and control mice (Mafbf/f) showed that wound healing was significantly delayed in the former. For wounded GFP knock-in mice with GFP inserts in the Mafb locus, flow cytometry revealed that their GFP-positive cells expressed macrophage markers. Thus, macrophages express Mafb at wound sites. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, proteome analysis, and RT-qPCR of the wound tissue showed relative downregulation of Arg1, Ccl12, and Ccl2 in Mafbf/f::LysM-Cre mice. The aforementioned genes were also downregulated in the bone marrow-derived, M2-type macrophages of Mafbf/f::LysM-Cre mice. Published single-cell RNA-Seq analyses showed that Arg1, Ccl2, Ccl12, and Il-10 were expressed in distinct populations of MAFB-expressing cells. Hence, the MAFB-expressing macrophage population is heterogeneous. MAFB plays the vital role of regulating multiple genes implicated in wound healing, which suggests that MAFB is a potential therapeutic target in wound healing.
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22
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Jin D, Liu F, Yu M, Zhao Y, Yan G, Xue J, Sun Y, Zhao D, Li X, Qi W, Wang X. Jiedu Tongluo Baoshen formula enhances podocyte autophagy and reduces proteinuria in diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115246. [PMID: 35398500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been applied to diabetic kidney disease (DKD). A large number of animal trials each year focus on TCM for DKD, but the evidence for these preclinical studies is not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to study the therapeutic effect of Jiedu Tongluo Baoshen formula (JTBF) on DKD proteinuria and renal protection. At the same time, it is verified that JTBF can reduce podocyte injury by enhancing autophagy function, and then achieve the effect of proteinuria. MATERIALS AND METHODS We use high performance liquid chromatography to detect and analyze the fingerprint of JTBF to find the chemical composition. Subsequently, we constructed a DKD rat model induced by high-fat diet and streptozocin (HFD + STZ). Urine and blood biochemical automatic analyzer were used to detect 24-h urine protein quantification (24 h-UP) and renal function. The renal pathological changes were observed by H&E and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the levels of autophagy-related proteins and mRNA in podocytes were detected by immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR and Western Blot. The chemical composition of JTBF was screened from traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacol (TCMSP) and PubChem databases, and the potential targets and associated pathways of JTBF were predicted using kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis in network pharmacology, and confirmed in animal experiments and histopathological methods. RESULTS We discovered 77 active ingredients of JTBF. Through animal experiments, it was found that JTBF reduced 24 h-UP and promoted the expression of podocin, nephrin, and WT-1 in podocytes, thereby reducing podocyte damage. At the same time, JTBF activates the expression of podocyte autophagy-related proteins (beclin-1, LC3 and P62). Subsequently, through network pharmacology predictions, 208 compounds were obtained from JTBF, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) was a potential signal pathway. JTBF was obtained in DKD rat kidney tissue to inhibit the expression of PI3K, Akt and mTOR related proteins. CONCLUSIONS JTBF enhance podocyte autophagy to reduce podocyte damage, thereby effectively treating DKD proteinuria and protecting kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jin
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yunyun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Guanchi Yan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xue
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jinlin, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Endocrinology Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Wenxiu Qi
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China.
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23
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Miller-Rhodes P, Li H, Velagapudi R, Chiang W, Terrando N, Gelbard HA. URMC-099 prophylaxis prevents hippocampal vascular vulnerability and synaptic damage in an orthopedic model of delirium superimposed on dementia. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22343. [PMID: 35535564 PMCID: PMC9175136 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200184rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Systemic perturbations can drive a neuroimmune cascade after surgical trauma, including affecting the blood-brain barrier (BBB), activating microglia, and contributing to cognitive deficits such as delirium. Delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) is a particularly debilitating complication that renders the brain further vulnerable to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, albeit these molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we have used an orthopedic model of tibial fracture/fixation in APPSwDI/mNos2-/- AD (CVN-AD) mice to investigate relevant pathogenetic mechanisms underlying DSD. We conducted the present study in 6-month-old CVN-AD mice, an age at which we speculated amyloid-β pathology had not saturated BBB and neuroimmune functioning. We found that URMC-099, our brain-penetrant anti-inflammatory neuroprotective drug, prevented inflammatory endothelial activation, breakdown of the BBB, synapse loss, and microglial activation in our DSD model. Taken together, our data link post-surgical endothelial activation, microglial MafB immunoreactivity, and synapse loss as key substrates for DSD, all of which can be prevented by URMC-099.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Miller-Rhodes
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Herman Li
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Ravikanth Velagapudi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wesley Chiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Niccolò Terrando
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Harris A Gelbard
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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24
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Son M. Understanding the contextual functions of C1q and LAIR-1 and their applications. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:567-572. [PMID: 35562585 PMCID: PMC9098383 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of the complement component C1q has been highlighted by its involvement in autoimmunity, infection, inflammatory diseases, and tumors. The unique tulip-like structure of C1q has both a collagen-like stalk (C1q tail) and heterotrimeric globular head (gC1q), each with different binding specificities, and the binding of these components to their respective receptors leads to functional complexities in the body and bridges innate and adaptive immunity. This review describes the fundamental roles of C1q in various microenvironments and focuses on the importance of the interactions of C1q and its receptors with the inhibitory receptor LAIR-1 in maintaining homeostasis. Current therapeutic opportunities modulating LAIR-1 are also discussed. Research into the activities of the protein C1q, involved in a cascade of molecular interactions of the immune response called complement activation, is revealing new details of the protein’s role and opening up possible new therapeutic opportunities. Myoungsun Son at Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research in Manhasset, USA, reviews the involvement of C1q in infection, autoimmunity, inflammatory diseases and tumors. The interaction of C1q with a receptor protein called LAIR-1 seems to be particularly significant. LAIR-1 is present in the membrane of most blood-forming cells and is involved in maintaining the healthy balance of cellular activities referred to as homeostasis. Emerging research suggests that targeting the interactions between C1q and LAIR-1 could enable the development of new treatments for many diseases, including inflammatory diseases, the autoimmune condition lupus, a variety of cancers, and possibly Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoungsun Son
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA.
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Sasaki S, Nishihira K, Yamashita A, Fujii T, Onoue K, Saito Y, Hatakeyama K, Shibata Y, Asada Y, Ohbayashi C. Involvement of enhanced expression of classical complement C1q in atherosclerosis progression and plaque instability: C1q as an indicator of clinical outcome. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262413. [PMID: 35085285 PMCID: PMC8794146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the classical complement pathway plays a major role in regulating atherosclerosis progression, and it is believed to have both proatherogenic and atheroprotective effects. This study focused on C1q, the first protein in the classical pathway, and examined its potentialities of plaque progression and instability and its relationship with clinical outcomes. To assess the localization and quantity of C1q expression in various stages of atherosclerosis, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed using abdominal aortas from eight autopsy cases. C1q immunoreactivity in relation to plaque instability and clinical outcomes was also examined using directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) samples from 19 patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and 18 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and coronary aspirated specimens from 38 patients with acute myocardial infarction. C1q immunoreactivity was localized in the extracellular matrix, necrotic cores, macrophages and smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic lesions. Western blotting and real-time PCR illustrated that C1q protein and mRNA expression was significantly higher in advanced lesions than in early lesions. Immunohistochemical analysis using DCA specimens revealed that C1q expression was significantly higher in ACS plaques than in SAP plaques. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis using thrombus aspiration specimens demonstrated that histopathological C1q in aspirated coronary materials could be an indicator of poor medical condition. Our results indicated that C1q is significantly involved in atherosclerosis progression and plaque instability, and it could be considered as one of the indicators of cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoh Sasaki
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Yamashita
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tomomi Fujii
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenji Onoue
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kinta Hatakeyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
- Department of Pathology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Yujiro Asada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Chiho Ohbayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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26
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Pan Y, Cao S, Terker AS, Tang J, Sasaki K, Wang Y, Niu A, Luo W, Fan X, Wang S, Wilson MH, Zhang MZ, Harris RC. Myeloid cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2/E-type prostanoid receptor 4 promotes transcription factor MafB-dependent inflammatory resolution in acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2022; 101:79-91. [PMID: 34774558 PMCID: PMC8741730 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Following acute injury to the kidney, macrophages play an important role in recovery of functional and structural integrity, but organ fibrosis and progressive functional decline occur with incomplete recovery. Pro-resolving macrophages are characterized by increased cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression and this expression was selectively increased in kidney macrophages following injury and myeloid-specific COX-2 deletion inhibited recovery. Deletion of the myeloid prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor, E-type prostanoid receptor 4 (EP4), mimicked effects seen with myeloid COX-2-/- deletion. PGE2-mediated EP4 activation induced expression of the transcription factor MafB in kidney macrophages, which upregulated anti-inflammatory genes and suppressed pro-inflammatory genes. Myeloid Mafb deletion recapitulated the effects seen with either myeloid COX-2 or EP4 deletion following acute kidney injury, with delayed recovery, persistent presence of pro-inflammatory kidney macrophages, and increased kidney fibrosis. Thus, our studies identified a previously unknown mechanism by which prostaglandins modulate macrophage phenotype following acute organ injury and provide new insight into mechanisms underlying detrimental kidney effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shirong Cao
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Andrew S Terker
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kensuke Sasaki
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yinqiu Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Aolei Niu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wentian Luo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Fan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Suwan Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthew H Wilson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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27
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Saiga H, Ueno M, Tanaka T, Kaisho T, Hoshino K. Transcription factor MafB-mediated inhibition of type I interferons in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Int Immunol 2021; 34:159-172. [PMID: 34734243 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxab103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I IFNs (IFN-α and IFN-β), immunomodulatory cytokines secreted from activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), contribute to the innate defense against pathogenic infections and the pathogenesis of the autoimmune disease psoriasis vulgaris. A previous study has shown that an E26 transformation-specific (Ets) family transcription factor Spi-B can transactivate the type I IFN promoter in synergy with IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7 and is required for type I IFN production in pDCs. However, the mechanism of negative regulation of type I IFNs by pDCs remains unknown. In this study, we report that a basic leucine zipper (bZip) transcription factor v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (MafB) suppresses the induction of type I IFNs in pDCs. The elevated expression of MafB inhibited the transactivation of type I IFN genes in a dose-dependent manner. At the molecular level, MafB interacted with the Ets domain of Spi-B and interfered with IRF-7-Spi-B complexation. Decreased MafB mRNA expression and degradation of MafB protein in the early phase of immune responses led to the enhancement of type I IFNs in pDCs. In vivo studies indicated that MafB is involved in resistance against imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. Overall, these findings demonstrate that MafB acts as a negative regulator of type I IFN induction in pDCs and plays an important role in maintaining immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Saiga
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Laboratory for Inflammatory Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS-RCAI), Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tsuneyasu Kaisho
- Laboratory for Inflammatory Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS-RCAI), Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Hoshino
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.,Laboratory for Inflammatory Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS-RCAI), Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
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28
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Circulating C1q levels in health and disease, more than just a biomarker. Mol Immunol 2021; 140:206-216. [PMID: 34735869 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
C1q is the recognition molecule of the classical pathway of the complement system. By binding to its targets, such as antigen-bound immunoglobulins or C-reactive protein, C1q contributes to the innate defense against infections. However, C1q also plays several other roles beyond its traditional role in complement activation. Circulating levels of C1q are determined in routine diagnostics as biomarker in several diseases. Decreased C1q levels are present in several autoimmune conditions. The decreased levels reflect the consumption of C1q by complement activation and serves as a biomarker for disease activity. In contrast, increased C1q levels are present in infectious and inflammatory diseases and may serve as a diagnostic biomarker. The increased levels of C1q are still incompletely understood but are suggested to modulate the adaptive immune response as C1q is known to impact on the maturation status of antigen-presenting cells and C1q impacts directly on T cells leading to decreased T-cell activity in high C1q conditions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature on circulating levels of C1q in health and disease, and discuss how C1q can both protect against infections as well as maintain tolerance by regulating adaptive immunity.
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29
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Ramezankhani R, Minaei N, Haddadi M, Solhi R, Taleahmad S. The impact of sex on susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis; a bioinformatics point of view. Cell Signal 2021; 88:110171. [PMID: 34662716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The unknown etiology of systemic autoimmune diseases, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), with a remarkable predominance of female, have prompted many researchers for unveiling the precise molecular mechanisms involved in this gender bias. In fact, depending on hormones and transcribed genes from sex chromosomes, at least, the initial mechanisms involved in pathogenesis might differ largely. With the aim of elucidating the above mechanisms, we have tried to specify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) extracted from microarray libraries from both female and male SLE and RA patients. Subsequently, the androgen and estrogen receptor elements (ARE and ERE) among differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) and the DEGs located on X or Y chromosomes have been determined. Moreover, the pathways regarding the common DEGs in both sexes are enriched. Our data revealed several ARE and ERE-containing genes (LCN2, LTF, RPL31, RPL9, RPS17, RPS24, RPS27L, S100A8, ABCA1, HIST1H2BD, ISG15, MAFB, GNLY, EVL, and HDC) to be associated with the related autoimmune disease and sex. Also, two DEGs (KDM5D and RPS4Y1) in SLE patients were determined to be on Y chromosome with one had been proved to be associated with autoantigens in SLE. Altogether, our data showed a number of plausible pathways in both autoimmune conditions together with the relevance of several sex-related genes in the mentioned diseases pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Ramezankhani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Basic Science and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACER, Tehran, Iran; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, KU Leuven Stem Cell Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Neda Minaei
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Basic Science and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACER, Tehran, Iran; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Haddadi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Solhi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Taleahmad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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30
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Moura Silva H, Kitoko JZ, Queiroz CP, Kroehling L, Matheis F, Yang KL, Reis BS, Ren-Fielding C, Littman DR, Bozza MT, Mucida D, Lafaille JJ. c-MAF-dependent perivascular macrophages regulate diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabg7506. [PMID: 34597123 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abg7506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernandez Moura Silva
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jamil Zola Kitoko
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Camila Pereira Queiroz
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Lina Kroehling
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Fanny Matheis
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Katharine Lu Yang
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bernardo S Reis
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Dan R Littman
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Marcelo Torres Bozza
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Daniel Mucida
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Juan J Lafaille
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
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31
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Wei Z, Yang M, Feng M, Wu Z, Rosin-Arbesfeld R, Dong J, Zhu D. Inhibition of BCL9 Modulates the Cellular Landscape of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:713331. [PMID: 34566638 PMCID: PMC8461101 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.713331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an indispensable part of the tumor microenvironment (TME), and they likely play a negative rather than positive role in cancer treatment. However, the cellular landscape and transcriptional profile regulation of TAMs in the case of tumor gene inactivation or chemical interference remains unclear. The B-cell lymphoma 9/B-cell lymphoma 9-like (BCL9/BCL9L) is a critical transcription co-factor of β-catenin. Suppression of Bcl9 inhibits tumor growth in mouse models of colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we studied the TAMs of CRC by single-cell sequencing. Bcl9 depletion caused macrophage polarization inhibition from M0 to M2 and changed the CRC TME, which further interferes with the inflammation of M0 and M1. The transcription factor regulating these processes may be related to the Wnt signaling pathway from multiple levels. Furthermore, we also found that the cells delineated from monocyte to NK-like non-functioning cells were significantly different in the BCL9-deprived population. Combining these data, we proposed a TAM-to-NK score to evaluate the dynamic balance in TME of monocyte/TAM cells and NK-like non-functioning cells in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) clinical samples to verify the clinical significance. We demonstrated that the cell type balance and transcription differences of TAMs regulated by BCL9-driven Wnt signaling affected immune surveillance and inflammation of cancer, ultimately affecting patients' prognosis. We thereby highlighted the potential of targeting Wnt signaling pathway through cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxuan Yang
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jibin Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of ImmunoTherapeutics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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32
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Zebrafish larvae as experimental model to expedite the search for new biomarkers and treatments for neonatal sepsis. J Clin Transl Sci 2021; 5:e140. [PMID: 34422320 PMCID: PMC8358844 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2021.803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of death and disability in newborns. Commonly used biomarkers for diagnosis and evaluation of treatment response lack sufficient sensitivity or specificity. Additionally, new targets to treat the dysregulated immune response are needed, as are methods to effectively screen drugs for these targets. Available research methods have hitherto not yielded the breakthroughs required to significantly improve disease outcomes, we therefore describe the potential of zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae as preclinical model for neonatal sepsis. In biomedical research, zebrafish larvae combine the complexity of a whole organism with the convenience and high-throughput potential of in vitro methods. This paper illustrates that zebrafish exhibit an immune system that is remarkably similar to humans, both in terms of types of immune cells and signaling pathways. Moreover, the developmental state of the larval immune system is highly similar to human neonates. We provide examples of zebrafish larvae being used to study infections with pathogens commonly causing neonatal sepsis and discuss known limitations. We believe this species could expedite research into immune regulation during neonatal sepsis and may hold keys for the discovery of new biomarkers and novel treatment targets as well as for screening of targeted drug therapies.
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33
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Hashimoto D, Colet JGR, Murashima A, Fujimoto K, Ueda Y, Suzuki K, Hyuga T, Hemmi H, Kaisho T, Takahashi S, Takahama Y, Yamada G. Radiation inducible MafB gene is required for thymic regeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10439. [PMID: 34001954 PMCID: PMC8129107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The thymus facilitates mature T cell production by providing a suitable stromal microenvironment. This microenvironment is impaired by radiation and aging which lead to immune system disturbances known as thymic involution. Young adult thymus shows thymic recovery after such involution. Although various genes have been reported for thymocytes and thymic epithelial cells in such processes, the roles of stromal transcription factors in these remain incompletely understood. MafB (v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B) is a transcription factor expressed in thymic stroma and its expression was induced a day after radiation exposure. Hence, the roles of mesenchymal MafB in the process of thymic regeneration offers an intriguing research topic also for radiation biology. The current study investigated whether MafB plays roles in the adult thymus. MafB/green fluorescent protein knock-in mutant (MafB+/GFP) mice showed impaired thymic regeneration after the sublethal irradiation, judged by reduced thymus size, total thymocyte number and medullary complexity. Furthermore, IL4 was induced after irradiation and such induction was reduced in mutant mice. The mutants also displayed signs of accelerated age-related thymic involution. Altogether, these results suggest possible functions of MafB in the processes of thymic recovery after irradiation, and maintenance during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hashimoto
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Jose Gabriel R Colet
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan.,Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Aki Murashima
- Department of Anatomy, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan.
| | - Kota Fujimoto
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yuko Ueda
- Department of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Suzuki
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Taiju Hyuga
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hemmi
- Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tsuneyasu Kaisho
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Japan
| | - Yousuke Takahama
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Gen Yamada
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan.
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34
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Takahashi S. Functional analysis of large MAF transcription factors and elucidation of their relationships with human diseases. Exp Anim 2021; 70:264-271. [PMID: 33762508 PMCID: PMC8390310 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.21-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The large MAF transcription factor group is a group of transcription factors with an acidic region, a basic region, and a leucine zipper region. Four types of MAF, MAFA, MAFB, c-MAF, and NRL, have been identified in humans and mice. In order to elucidate the functions of the large MAF transcription factor group in vivo, our research group created genetically modified MAFA-, MAFB-, and c-MAF-deficient mice and analyzed their phenotypes. MAFA is expressed in pancreatic β cells and is essential for insulin transcription and secretion. MAFB is essential for the development of pancreatic endocrine cells, formation of inner ears, podocyte function in the kidneys, and functional differentiation of macrophages. c-MAF is essential for lens formation and osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, a single-base mutation in genes encoding the large MAF transcription factor group causes congenital renal disease, eye disease, bone disease, diabetes, and tumors in humans. This review describes the functions of large MAF transcription factors in vivo and their relationships with human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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35
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Han Y, Shao W, Zhong D, Ma C, Wei X, Ahmed A, Yu T, Jing W, Jing L. Zebrafish mafbb Mutants Display Osteoclast Over-Activation and Bone Deformity Resembling Osteolysis in MCTO Patients. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030480. [PMID: 33806930 PMCID: PMC8004647 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis (MCTO) is a rare skeletal dysplasia with osteolysis at the carpal and tarsal bones. Heterozygous missense mutations in the transcription factor MAFB are found in patients with MCTO. MAFB is reported to negatively regulate osteoclastogenesis in vitro. However, the in vivo function of MAFB and its relation to MCTO remains unknown. In this study, we generated zebrafish MAFB homolog mafbb mutant utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Mafbb deficient zebrafish demonstrated enhanced osteoclast cell differentiation and abnormal cartilage and bone development resembling MCTO patients. It is known that osteoclasts are hematopoietic cells derived from macrophages. Loss of mafbb caused selective expansion of definitive macrophages and myeloid cells, supporting that mafbb restricts myeloid differentiation in vivo. We also demonstrate that MAFB MCTO mutations failed to rescue the defective osteoclastogenesis in mafbb-/- embryos, but did not affect osteoclast cells in wild type embryos. The mechanism of MCTO mutations is likely haploinsufficiency. Zebrafish mafbb mutant provides a useful model to study the function of MAFB in osteoclastogenesis and the related MCTO disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Han
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.H.); (W.S.); (D.Z.); (C.M.); (X.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Weihao Shao
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.H.); (W.S.); (D.Z.); (C.M.); (X.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Dan Zhong
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.H.); (W.S.); (D.Z.); (C.M.); (X.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Cui Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.H.); (W.S.); (D.Z.); (C.M.); (X.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Xiaona Wei
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.H.); (W.S.); (D.Z.); (C.M.); (X.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Abrar Ahmed
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.H.); (W.S.); (D.Z.); (C.M.); (X.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Tingting Yu
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China;
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (L.J.)
| | - Lili Jing
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.H.); (W.S.); (D.Z.); (C.M.); (X.W.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (L.J.)
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36
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Miller-Rhodes P, Gelbard HA. The Cell Culture Environment Regulates the Transcription Factor MafB in BV-2 Microglia. MATTERS 2021; 2021:https://sciencematters.io/articles/202010000001. [PMID: 33969051 PMCID: PMC8101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microglia experience dramatic molecular and functional changes when transferred from the central nervous system (CNS) to a cell culture environment. Investigators largely attribute these findings to the loss of CNS-specific microenvironmental cues that dictate the gene-regulatory networks specified by master regulator transcription factors such as V-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (MafB). MafB regulates macrophage differentiation and activation by activating or repressing target genes critical to these processes. Here, we show that basal MafB levels in the BV-2 microglial cell line depend on the availability of lipids in the cell culture environment. Depletion of lipids, either by serum deprivation or the use of lipid-depleted serum, reduced MafB protein levels in BV-2 cells. Using live imaging, we also observed the engulfment of apoptotic BV-2 cell debris by neighboring BV-2 cells, highlighting an additional potential source of lipids in the cell culture environment. This observation was supported by experiments showing reduced MafB protein levels in BV-2 cells cultured with various phagocytosis inhibitors (cytochalasin D, annexin V) and reduced BV-2 cell phagocytic activity with serum deprivation. In aggregate, our data suggest that serum exposure regulates the transcription factor MafB in BV-2 cells through direct and indirect mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Miller-Rhodes
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Harris A Gelbard
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center
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37
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Alpha and beta myosin isoforms and human atrial and ventricular contraction. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7309-7337. [PMID: 34704115 PMCID: PMC8629898 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Human atrial and ventricular contractions have distinct mechanical characteristics including speed of contraction, volume of blood delivered and the range of pressure generated. Notably, the ventricle expresses predominantly β-cardiac myosin while the atrium expresses mostly the α-isoform. In recent years exploration of the properties of pure α- & β-myosin isoforms have been possible in solution, in isolated myocytes and myofibrils. This allows us to consider the extent to which the atrial vs ventricular mechanical characteristics are defined by the myosin isoform expressed, and how the isoform properties are matched to their physiological roles. To do this we Outline the essential feature of atrial and ventricular contraction; Explore the molecular structural and functional characteristics of the two myosin isoforms; Describe the contractile behaviour of myocytes and myofibrils expressing a single myosin isoform; Finally we outline the outstanding problems in defining the differences between the atria and ventricles. This allowed us consider what features of contraction can and cannot be ascribed to the myosin isoforms present in the atria and ventricles.
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Tecilazich F, Phan TA, Simeoni F, Scotti GM, Dagher Z, Lorenzi M. Patrolling Monocytes Are Recruited and Activated by Diabetes to Protect Retinal Microvessels. Diabetes 2020; 69:2709-2719. [PMID: 32907815 PMCID: PMC7679768 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In diabetes there is a long latency between the onset of hyperglycemia and the appearance of structural microangiopathy. Because Ly6Clow patrolling monocytes (PMo) behave as housekeepers of the vasculature, we tested whether PMo protect microvessels against diabetes. We found that in wild-type mice, diabetes reduced PMo in the general circulation but increased by fourfold the absolute number of PMo adherent to retinal vessels (leukostasis). Conversely, in diabetic NR4A1-/- mice, a model of absence of PMo, there was no increase in leukostasis, and at 6 months of diabetes, the number of retinal acellular capillaries almost doubled compared with diabetic wild-type mice. Circulating PMo showed gene expression changes indicative of enhanced migratory, vasculoprotective, and housekeeping activities, as well as profound suppression of genes related to inflammation and apoptosis. Promigratory CXCR4 was no longer upregulated at longer duration when retinal acellular capillaries begin to increase. Thus, after a short diabetes duration, PMo are the cells preferentially recruited to the retinal vessels and protect vessels from diabetic damage. These observations support the need for reinterpretation of the functional meaning of leukostasis in diabetes and document within the natural history of diabetic retinopathy processes of protection and repair that can provide novel paradigms for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tecilazich
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Burlo Garofalo, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Toan A Phan
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA
| | - Fabio Simeoni
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Scotti
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Zeina Dagher
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mara Lorenzi
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Shen-Hong-Tong-Luo Formula Attenuates Macrophage Inflammation and Lipid Accumulation through the Activation of the PPAR- γ/LXR- α/ABCA1 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3426925. [PMID: 33082908 PMCID: PMC7556105 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3426925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the killer of human health and longevity, which is majorly caused by oxidized lipoproteins that attack macrophages in the endarterium. The Shen-Hong-Tong-Luo (SHTL) formula has shown great clinical efficacy and vascular protective effect for over 30 years in China, to attenuate AS progression. However, its pharmacological mechanism needs more investigation. In this study, we first investigated the chemical composition of SHTL by fingerprint analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography. In primary mouse peritoneal macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we found that SHTL pretreatment suppressed reactive oxygen species accumulation and reversed the increases of the inflammatory factors, TNF-α and IL-6. Moreover, lipid accumulation induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) in macrophages was inhibited by SHTL. Additionally, network pharmacology was used to predict the potential targets of SHTL as the PPAR-γ/LXR-α/ABCA1 signaling pathway, which was validated in macrophages and ApoE-/- mice by histopathological staining, qPCR, and Western blot analysis. Importantly, the protective effect of SHTL in the LPS- and Ox-LDL-induced macrophages against inflammation and lipid accumulation was attenuated by GW9662, a PPAR-γ antagonist, which confirmed the prediction results of network pharmacology. In summary, these results indicated that SHTL pretreatment reduced inflammation and lipid accumulation of macrophages by activating the PPAR-γ/LXR-α/ABCA1 pathway, which may provide a new insight into the mechanism of SHTL in the suppression of AS progression.
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Xu-Vanpala S, Deerhake ME, Wheaton JD, Parker ME, Juvvadi PR, MacIver N, Ciofani M, Shinohara ML. Functional heterogeneity of alveolar macrophage population based on expression of CXCL2. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:eaba7350. [PMID: 32769172 PMCID: PMC7717592 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aba7350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the major lung-resident macrophages and have contradictory functions. AMs maintain tolerance and tissue homeostasis, but they also initiate strong inflammatory responses. However, such opposing roles within the AM population were not known to be simultaneously generated and coexist. Here, we uncovered heterogeneous AM subpopulations generated in response to two distinct pulmonary fungal infections, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus Some AMs are bona fide sentinel cells that produce chemoattractant CXCL2, which also serves as a marker for AM heterogeneity, in the context of pulmonary fungal infections. However, other AMs do not produce CXCL2 and other pro-inflammatory molecules. Instead, they highly produce anti-inflammatory molecules, including interleukin-10 (IL-10) and complement component 1q (C1q). These two AM subpopulations have distinct metabolic profiles and phagocytic capacities. We report that polarization of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory AM subpopulations is regulated at both epigenetic and transcriptional levels and that these AM subpopulations are generally highly plastic. Our studies have uncovered the role of C1q expression in programming and sustaining anti-inflammatory AMs. Our finding of the AM heterogeneity upon fungal infections suggests a possible pharmacological intervention target to treat fungal infections by tipping the balance of AM subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Xu-Vanpala
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - M Elizabeth Deerhake
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joshua D Wheaton
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Morgan E Parker
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Praveen R Juvvadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nancie MacIver
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Maria Ciofani
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Usui T, Morito N, Shawki HH, Sato Y, Tsukaguchi H, Hamada M, Jeon H, Yadav MK, Kuno A, Tsunakawa Y, Okada R, Ojima T, Kanai M, Asano K, Imamura Y, Koshida R, Yoh K, Usui J, Yokoi H, Kasahara M, Yoshimura A, Muratani M, Kudo T, Oishi H, Yamagata K, Takahashi S. Transcription factor MafB in podocytes protects against the development of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Kidney Int 2020; 98:391-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Unsupervised generative and graph representation learning for modelling cell differentiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9790. [PMID: 32555334 PMCID: PMC7300092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66166-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Using machine learning techniques to build representations from biomedical data can help us understand the latent biological mechanism of action and lead to important discoveries. Recent developments in single-cell RNA-sequencing protocols have allowed measuring gene expression for individual cells in a population, thus opening up the possibility of finding answers to biomedical questions about cell differentiation. In this paper, we explore unsupervised generative neural methods, based on the variational autoencoder, that can model cell differentiation by building meaningful representations from the high dimensional and complex gene expression data. We use disentanglement methods based on information theory to improve the data representation and achieve better separation of the biological factors of variation in the gene expression data. In addition, we use a graph autoencoder consisting of graph convolutional layers to predict relationships between single-cells. Based on these models, we develop a computational framework that consists of methods for identifying the cell types in the dataset, finding driver genes for the differentiation process and obtaining a better understanding of relationships between cells. We illustrate our methods on datasets from multiple species and also from different sequencing technologies.
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Bianchetto-Aguilera F, Tamassia N, Gasperini S, Calzetti F, Finotti G, Gardiman E, Montioli R, Bresciani D, Vermi W, Cassatella MA. Deciphering the fate of slan + -monocytes in human tonsils by gene expression profiling. FASEB J 2020; 34:9269-9284. [PMID: 32413173 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000181r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Monocytic cells perform crucial homeostatic and defensive functions. However, their fate and characterization at the transcriptomic level in human tissues are partially understood, often as a consequence of the lack of specific markers allowing their unequivocal identification. The 6-sulfo LacNAc (slan) antigen identifies a subset of non-classical (NC) monocytes in the bloodstream, namely the slan+ -monocytes. In recent studies, we and other groups have reported that, in tonsils, slan marks dendritic cell (DC)-like cells, as defined by morphological, phenotypical, and functional criteria. However, subsequent investigations in lymphomas have uncovered a significant heterogeneity of tumor-infiltrating slan+ -cells, including a macrophage-like state. Based on their emerging role in tissue inflammation and cancer, herein we investigated slan+ -cell fate in tonsils by using a molecular-based approach. Hence, RNA from tonsil slan+ -cells, conventional CD1c+ DCs (cDC2) and CD11b+ CD14+ -macrophages was subjected to gene expression analysis. For comparison, transcriptomes were also obtained from blood cDC2, classical (CL), intermediate (INT), NC, and slan+ -monocytes. Data demonstrate that the main trajectory of human slan+ -monocytes infiltrating the tonsil tissue is toward a macrophage-like population, displaying molecular features distinct from those of tonsil CD11b+ CD14+ -macrophages and cDC2. These findings provide a novel view on the terminal differentiation path of slan+ -monocytes, which is relevant for inflammatory diseases and lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Tamassia
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Gasperini
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Calzetti
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Finotti
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Gardiman
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Montioli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Debora Bresciani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Dieterich LC, Tacconi C, Menzi F, Proulx ST, Kapaklikaya K, Hamada M, Takahashi S, Detmar M. Lymphatic MAFB regulates vascular patterning during developmental and pathological lymphangiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:411-423. [PMID: 32307629 PMCID: PMC7311381 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
MAFB is a transcription factor involved in the terminal differentiation of several cell types, including macrophages and keratinocytes. MAFB is also expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and is upregulated by VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling. Recent studies have revealed that MAFB regulates several genes involved in lymphatic differentiation and that global Mafb knockout mice show defects in patterning of lymphatic vessels during embryogenesis. However, it has remained unknown whether this effect is LEC-intrinsic and whether MAFB might also be involved in postnatal lymphangiogenesis. We established conditional, lymphatic-specific Mafb knockout mice and found comparable lymphatic patterning defects during embryogenesis as in the global MAFB knockout. Lymphatic MAFB deficiency resulted in increased lymphatic branching in the diaphragm at P7, but had no major effect on lymphatic patterning or function in healthy adult mice. By contrast, tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis was enhanced in mice lacking lymphatic MAFB. Together, these data reveal that LEC-expressed MAFB is involved in lymphatic vascular morphogenesis during embryonic and postnatal development as well as in pathological conditions. Therefore, MAFB could represent a target for therapeutic modulation of lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar C Dieterich
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlotta Tacconi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Menzi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Steven T Proulx
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kübra Kapaklikaya
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michito Hamada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
- ETH Zurich, HCI H303, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
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45
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Ghaffari MH, Schuh K, Kuleš J, Guillemin N, Horvatić A, Mrljak V, Eckersall PD, Dusel G, Koch C, Sadri H, Sauerwein H. Plasma proteomic profiling and pathway analysis of normal and overconditioned dairy cows during the transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:4806-4821. [PMID: 32173013 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study applied a quantitative proteomics approach along with bioinformatics analyses to investigate changes in the plasma proteome of normal and overconditioned dairy cows during the transition period. Fifteen weeks before their anticipated calving date, 38 multiparous Holstein cows were selected based on their current and previous body condition scores (BCS) and allocated to either a high or a normal BCS group (19 cows each). They received different diets until dry-off to reach targeted differences in BCS and back fat thickness (BFT) until dry-off. At dry-off, normal BCS cows had a BCS <3.5 (minimum, 2.75) and BFT <1.2 cm (minimum, 0.58), and the high BCS cows had a BCS >3.75 (maximum, 4.50) and BFT >1.4 cm (maximum, 2.90). The proteomics study used a subset of 5 animals from each group. These cows were selected based on their circulating concentrations of fatty acids (FA) on d 14 postpartum and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on d 21 postpartum, representing the greater or the lower extreme values within their BCS group, respectively. The high BCS subset (HE-HBCS) had 4.50 < BCS > 3.75, FA = 1.17 ± 0.46 mmol/L, and BHB = 2.15 ± 0.42 mmol/L (means ± SD), and the low BCS subset (LE-NBCS) had 3.50 < BCS > 2.75, FA = 0.51 ± 0.28 mmol/L, and BHB = 0.84 ± 0.17 mmol/L. Plasma samples from d -49, +7, and +21 relative to parturition were used for proteome profiling by applying the quantitative tandem mass tags (TMT) approach. Nondepleted plasma samples were subjected to reduction and digestion and then labeled with TMT 10plex reagents. High-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of TMT-labeled peptides was carried out, and the acquired spectra were analyzed for protein identification and quantification. In total, 254 quantifiable proteins (criteria: 2 unique peptides and 5% false discovery rate) were identified in the plasma samples. From these, 24 differentially abundant proteins (14 more abundant, 10 less abundant) were observed in the LE-NBCS cows compared with the HE-HBCS cows during the transition period. Plasma α-2-macroglobulins were more abundant in HE-HBCS versus LE-NBCS cows at d +7 and +21. Gene Ontology enrichment analyses of differentially abundant proteins revealed that the acute inflammatory response, regulation of complement activation, protein activation cascade, and regulation of humoral immune response were the most enriched terms in the LE-NBCS group compared with the HE-HBCS group. In addition, we identified 24 differentially abundant proteins (16 in the LE-NBCS group, and 8 in the HE-HBCS group) during the transition period. The complement components C1q and C5 were less abundant, while C3 and C3d were more abundant in LE-NBCS compared with HE-HBCS cows. Overall, overconditioning around calving was associated with alterations in protein pathways related to acute inflammatory response and regulation of complement and coagulation cascades in transition cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology & Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Schuh
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology & Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, Animal Nutrition, and Hygiene Unit, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, 55411 Bingen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Josipa Kuleš
- VetMedZg Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Nicolas Guillemin
- VetMedZg Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Anita Horvatić
- VetMedZg Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- VetMedZg Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Peter David Eckersall
- VetMedZg Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Georg Dusel
- VetMedZg Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Christian Koch
- Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumuehle, 67728 Muenchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany
| | - Hassan Sadri
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 516616471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helga Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology & Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Kanai M, Jeon H, Ojima M, Nishino T, Usui T, Yadav MK, Kulathunga K, Morito N, Takahashi S, Hamada M. Phenotypic analysis of mice carrying human-type MAFB p.Leu239Pro mutation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 523:452-457. [PMID: 31882119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor, MafB, plays important role in the differentiation and functional maintenance of various cells and tissues, such as the inner ear, kidney podocyte, parathyroid gland, pancreatic islet, and macrophages. The rare heterozygous substitution (p.Leu239Pro) of the DNA binding domain in MAFB is the cause of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis associated with Duane Retraction Syndrome, which is characterized by impaired horizontal eye movement due to cranial nerve maldevelopment in humans. In this research, we generated mice carrying MafB p.Leu239Pro (Mafbmt/mt) and retrieved their tissues for analysis. As a result, we found that the phenotype of Mafbmt/mt mouse was similar to that of the conventional Mafb deficient mouse. This finding suggests that the Leucine residue at 239 in the DNA binding domain plays a key role in MafB function and could contribute to the diagnosis or development of treatment for patients carrying the MafB p.Leu239Pro missense variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Kanai
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hyojung Jeon
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masami Ojima
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Teppei Nishino
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Usui
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Manoj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kaushalya Kulathunga
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Naoki Morito
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Michito Hamada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
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Yadav MK, Inoue Y, Nakane-Otani A, Tsunakawa Y, Jeon H, Samir O, Teramoto A, Kulathunga K, Kusakabe M, Nakamura M, Kudo T, Takahashi S, Hamada M. Transcription factor MafB is a marker of tumor-associated macrophages in both mouse and humans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 521:590-595. [PMID: 31679694 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor MafB is specifically expressed in macrophages. We have recently demonstrated that MafB is expressed in anti-inflammatory alternatively activated M2 macrophages in vitro. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a subset of M2 type macrophages that can promote immunosuppressive activity, induce angiogenesis, and promote tumor cell proliferation. To examine whether MafB express in TAMs, we analyzed green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in Lewis lung carcinoma tumors of MafB-GFP knock-in heterozygous mice. FACS analysis demonstrated GFP fluorescence in cells positive for macrophage-markers (F4/80, CD11b, CD68, and CD204). Moreover, quantitative RT-PCR analysis with F4/80+GFP+ and F4/80+GFP- sorted cells showed that the GFP-positive macrophages express IL-10, Arg-1, and TNF-α, which were known to be expressed in TAMs. These results indicate that MafB is expressed in TAMs. Furthermore, immunostaining analysis using an anti-MAFB antibody revealed that MAFB is expressed in CD204-and CD68-positive macrophages in human lung cancer samples. In conclusion, MafB can be a suitable marker of TAMs in both mouse and human tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuri Inoue
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Aya Nakane-Otani
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki Tsunakawa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hyojung Jeon
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Omar Samir
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Akari Teramoto
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kaushalya Kulathunga
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Manabu Kusakabe
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Megumi Nakamura
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Michito Hamada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
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Abstract
The transcription factor MafB regulates macrophage differentiation. However, studies on
the phenotype of Mafb-deficient macrophages are still limited. Recently,
it was shown that the specific expression of MafB permits macrophages to be distinguished
from dendritic cells. In addition, MafB has been reported to be involved in various
diseases related to macrophages. Studies using macrophage-specific
Mafb-deficient mice show that MafB is linked to atherosclerosis,
autoimmunity, obesity, and ischemic stroke, all of which exhibit macrophage abnormality.
Therefore, MafB is hypothesized to be indispensable for the regulation of macrophages to
maintain systemic homeostasis and may serve as an innovative target for treating
macrophage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michito Hamada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki Tsunakawa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hyojung Jeon
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Manoj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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MafB Is Important for Pancreatic β-Cell Maintenance under a MafA-Deficient Condition. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:MCB.00080-19. [PMID: 31208980 PMCID: PMC6692125 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00080-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The pancreatic-islet-enriched transcription factors MafA and MafB have unique expression patterns in β cells in rodents. MafA is specifically expressed in β cells and is a key regulatory factor for maintaining adult β-cell function, whereas MafB plays an essential role in β-cell development during embryogenesis, and its expression in β cells gradually decreases and is restricted to α cells after birth in rodents. The pancreatic-islet-enriched transcription factors MafA and MafB have unique expression patterns in β cells in rodents. MafA is specifically expressed in β cells and is a key regulatory factor for maintaining adult β-cell function, whereas MafB plays an essential role in β-cell development during embryogenesis, and its expression in β cells gradually decreases and is restricted to α cells after birth in rodents. However, it was previously observed that MafB started to be reexpressed in insulin-positive (insulin+) β cells in MafA-deficient adult mice. To elucidate how MafB functions in the adult β cell under MafA-deficient conditions, we generated MafA and MafB double-knockout (A0B0) mice in which MafB was specifically deleted from β cells. As a result, the A0B0 mice became more vulnerable to diabetes under a high-fat diet (HFD) treatment, with impaired islet formation and a decreased number of insulin+ β cells because of increased β-cell apoptosis, indicating MafB can take part in the maintenance of adult β cells under certain pathological conditions.
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50
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Lakhdari O, Yamamura A, Hernandez GE, Anderson KK, Lund SJ, Oppong-Nonterah GO, Hoffman HM, Prince LS. Differential Immune Activation in Fetal Macrophage Populations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7677. [PMID: 31118442 PMCID: PMC6531440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinct macrophage subsets populate the developing embryo and fetus in distinct waves. However little is known about the functional differences between in utero macrophage populations or how they might contribute to fetal and neonatal immunity. Here we tested the innate immune response of mouse macrophages derived from the embryonic yolk sac and from fetal liver. When isolated from liver or lung, CD11bHI fetal liver derived macrophages responded to the TLR4 agonist LPS by expressing and releasing inflammatory cytokines. However F4/80HI macrophages from the yolk sac did not respond to LPS treatment. While differences in TLR4 expression did not appear to explain these data, F4/80HI macrophages had much lower NLRP3 inflammasome expression compared to CD11bHI macrophages. Gene expression profiling also demonstrated LPS-induced expression of inflammatory genes in CD11bHI macrophages, but not in F4/80HI cells. Genes expressed in LPS-treated CD11bHI macrophages were more likely to contain predicted NF-κB binding sites in their promoter regions. Our data show that CD11bHI macrophages derived from fetal liver are the major pro-inflammatory cells in the developing fetus. These findings could have important implications in better understanding the fetal inflammatory response and the unique features of neonatal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Lakhdari
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Asami Yamamura
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gilberto E Hernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn K Anderson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sean J Lund
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gertrude O Oppong-Nonterah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hal M Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence S Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
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