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Huang F, Ma J, Nie J, Xu B, Huang X, Lu G, Winnik MA, Feng C. A Versatile Strategy toward Donor-Acceptor Nanofibers with Tunable Length/Composition and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:25137-25150. [PMID: 39207218 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) has emerged as an efficient strategy to generate nanofibers of π-conjugated polymers (CPNFs) in a controlled fashion. However, reports of donor-acceptor (D-A) heterojunction CPNFs are extremely rare. The preparation of these materials remains a challenge due to the lack of rational design guidelines for the D-A π-conjugated units. Herein, we report a versatile CDSA strategy based upon carefully designed D-A-co-oligomers in which electron-deficient benzothiadiazole (BT) or dibenzo[b,d]thiophene 5,5-dioxide (FSO) units are attached to the two ends of an oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene) heptamer [BT-OPE7-BT, FSO-OPE7-FSO]. This arrangement with the electron-deficient groups at the two ends of the oligomer enhances the stacking interaction of the A-D-A π-conjugated structure. In contrast, D-A-D structures with a single BT in the middle of a string of OPE units disrupt the packing. We employed oligomers with a terminal alkyne to synthesize diblock copolymers BT-OPE7-BT-b-P2VP and BT-OPE7-BT-b-PNIPAM (P2VP = poly(2-vinylpyridine), PNIPAM = poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)) and FSO-OPE7-FSO-b-P2VP and FSO-OPE7-FSO-b-PNIPAM. CDSA experiments with these copolymers in ethanol were able to generate CPNFs of controlled length by both self-seeding and seeded growth as well as block comicelles with precisely tunable length and composition. Furthermore, the D-A CPNFs with a BT-OPE7-BT-based core demonstrate photocatalytic activity for the photooxidation of sulfide to sulfoxide and benzylamine to N-benzylidenebenzylamine. Given the scope of the oligomer compositions examined and the range of structures formed, we believe that the living CDSA strategy with D-A-based co-oligomers opens future opportunities for the creation of D-A CPNFs with programmable architectures as well as diverse functionalities and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiucheng Nie
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Mitchell A Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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2
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Paul M, Chattopadhyay A. Magneto-Luminescent Two-Dimensional Nanosheets of Gadolinium and Gold Nanocluster Assemblies with Surface Molecular Functionalization for White Light Emission. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:8584-8592. [PMID: 39141067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
We report the formation of photoluminescent two-dimensional (2D) crystalline nanosheet assemblies of gadolinium ions and ligand-stabilized gold nanoclusters (Gd-Au NCs). Transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction in conjunction with atomic force microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy analyses substantiated the 2D nature of Gd-Au NC nanosheets. The optical and magnetic properties of the nanosheets were investigated by photoluminescence measurements and vibrating-sample magnetometry analyses. The so-formed crystalline product was further utilized to generate a synchronous tricolor (orange, green, and blue) emission from a single excitation wavelength through an inorganic surface complexation reaction. The independent emissions were tunable after ligand functionalization by acetylsalicylic acid and fluorescein on the Gd-Au NC assembly. Interestingly, the assembled superstructure with augmented quantum yield led to white light emission at λexc ≈ 325 nm with CIE of (0.34, 0.33) and CRI value of >85 in the liquid phase. Furthermore, the ability to modulate the luminescence properties through the surface complexation of the 2D nanosheets of Au NCs may bring about new avenues toward applications in light-emitting devices, sensing, and biomedical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manideepa Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Arun Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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3
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Park S, Kang SY, Yang S, Choi TL. Independent Control of the Width and Length of Semiconducting 2D Nanorectangles via Accelerated Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19369-19376. [PMID: 38965837 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembly of conjugated polymers offers a powerful method to prepare semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets for optoelectronic applications. However, due to the typical biaxial growth behavior of the polymer self-assembly, independent control of the width and length of 2D sheets has been challenging. Herein, we present a greatly accelerated crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) system of polyacetylene-based conjugated polymer to produce 2D semiconducting nanorectangles with precisely controllable dimensions. In detail, rectangular 2D seeds with tunable widths of 0.2-1.3 μm were produced by changing the cosolvent% and grown in the length direction by uniaxial living CDSA up to 11.8 μm. The growth rate was effectively enhanced by tuning the cosolvent%, seed concentration, and temperature, achieving up to 27-fold increase. Additionally, systematic kinetic investigation yielded empirical rate equations, elucidating the relationship between growth rate constant, cosolvent%, seed concentration, and seed width. Finally, the living CDSA allowed us to prepare penta-block comicelles with tunable width, length, and height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyee Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sung-Yun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sanghee Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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4
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MacKenzie HK, Zhang Y, Zheng W, Shaikh H, MacFarlane LR, Musgrave RA, Manners I. Functional Noncentrosymmetric Nanoparticle-Nanofiber Hybrids via Selective Fragmentation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18504-18512. [PMID: 38946087 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Noncentrosymmetric nanostructures are an attractive synthetic target as they can exhibit complex interparticle interactions useful for numerous applications. However, generating uniform, colloidally stable, noncentrosymmetric nanoparticles with low aspect ratios is a significant challenge using solution self-assembly approaches. Herein, we outline the synthesis of noncentrosymmetric multiblock co-nanofibers by subsequent living crystallization-driven self-assembly of block co-polymers, spatially confined attachment of nanoparticles, and localized nanofiber fragmentation. Using this strategy, we have fabricated uniform diblock and triblock noncentrosymmetric π-conjugated nanofiber-nanoparticle hybrid structures. Additionally, in contrast to Brownian motion typical of centrosymmetric nanoparticles, we demonstrated that these noncentrosymmetric nanofibers undergo ballistic motion in the presence of H2O2 and thus could be employed as nanomotors in various applications, including drug delivery and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey K MacKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, P. R. China
| | - Weijia Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Huda Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Liam R MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Rebecca A Musgrave
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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5
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Liao C, Gong Y, Che Y, Ji H, Liu B, Zang L, Che Y, Zhao J. Concentric hollow multi-hexagonal platelets from a small molecule. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5668. [PMID: 38971832 PMCID: PMC11227555 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The creation of well-defined hollow two-dimensional structures from small organic molecules, particularly those with controlled widths and numbers of segments, remains a formidable challenge. Here we report the fabrication of the well-defined concentric hollow two-dimensional platelets with programmable widths and numbers of segments through constructing a concentric multiblock two-dimensional precursor followed by post-processing. The fabrication of concentric multi-hexagons two-dimensional platelets is realized by the alternative heteroepitaxial growth of two donor-acceptor molecules. Upon ultraviolet irradiation, one of the two donor-acceptor molecules can be selectively oxidized by singlet oxygen generated during the process, and the oxidized product becomes more soluble due to increased polarity. This allows for selective removal of the oxidized segments simply by solvent dissolution, yielding hollow multiblock two-dimensional structures. The hollow two-dimensional platelets can be utilized as templates to lithograph complex electrodes with precisely controlled gap sizes, thereby offering a platform for examining the optoelectronic performance of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxue Che
- HT-NOVA Co. Ltd., Zhuyuan Road, Shunyi District, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ling Zang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Yanke Che
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Liu L, Meng X, Li M, Chu Z, Tong Z. Regulation of Two-Dimensional Platelet Micelles with Tunable Core Composition Distribution via Coassembly Seeded Growth Approach. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:542-549. [PMID: 38629823 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Seeded growth termed "living" crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) has been identified as a powerful method to create one- or two-dimensional nanoparticles. Epitaxial crystallization is usually regarded as the growth mechanism for the formation of uniform micelles. From this perspective, the unimer depositing rate is largely related to the crystallization temperature, which is a key factor to determine the crystallization rate and regulate the core composition distribution among nanoparticles. In the present work, the coassembly of two distinct crystallizable polymers is explored in detail in a one-pot seeded growth protocol. Results have shown that polylactone containing a larger number of methylene groups (-CH2-) in their repeating units such as poly(η-octalactone) (POL) has a faster crystallization rate compared to poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with a smaller number of -CH2- at ambient temperature (25 °C), thus a block or blocky platelet structure with heterogeneous composition distribution is formed. In contrast, when the crystallization temperature decreases to 4 °C, the difference of crystallization rate between both cores become negligible. Consequently, a completely random component distribution within 2D platelets is observed. Moreover, we also reveal that the core component of seed micelles is also paramount for the coassembly seeded growth, and a unique structure of flower-like platelet micelle is created from the coassembly of PCL/POL using POL core-forming seeds. This study on the formation of platelet micelles by one-pot seeded growth using two crystallizable components offers a considerable scope for the design of 2D polymer nanomaterials with a controlled core component distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomaterials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiancheng Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomaterials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Meili Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomaterials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyan Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomaterials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zaizai Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomaterials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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7
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Liu Y, Pan X, He Y, Guo B, Xu J. In Situ Monitoring and Tuning Multilayer Stacking of Polymer Lamellar Crystals in Solution with Aggregation-Induced Emission. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 38621356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Many types of self-assembled 2D materials with fascinating morphologies and novel properties have been prepared and used in solution. However, it is still a challenge to monitor their in situ growth in solution and to control the number of layers in these materials. Here, we demonstrate that the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect can be applied for the in situ decoupled tracing of the lateral growth and multilayer stacking of polymer lamellar crystals in solution. Multilayer stacking considerably enhances the photoluminescence intensity of the AIE molecules sandwiched between two layers of lamellar crystals, which is 2.4 times that on the surface of monolayer crystals. Both variation of the self-seeding temperature of crystal seeds and addition of a trace amount of long polymer chains during growth can control multilayer lamellar stacking, which are applied to produce tunable fluorescent patterns for functional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Pan
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yaning He
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Baohua Guo
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
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8
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Teng F, Xiang B, Liu L, Varlas S, Tong Z. Precise Control of Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Platelets via Scalable, One-Pot Assembly Pathways Using Block Copolymers with Crystalline Side Chains. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:28049-28060. [PMID: 38088129 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of block copolymers (BCPs) in selective solvents provides a promising route for direct access to two-dimensional (2D) platelet micelles with excellent uniformity, although significant limitations also exist for this robust approach, such as tedious, multistep procedures, and low yield of assembled materials. Herein, we report a facile strategy for massively preparing 2D, highly symmetric hexagonal platelets with precise control over their dimensions based on BCPs with crystalline side chains. Mechanistic studies unveiled that the formation of hexagonal platelets was subjected to a hierarchical self-assembly process, involving an initial stage of formation of kinetically trapped spheres upon cooling driven by solvophobic interactions, and a second stage of fusion of such spheres to the 2D nuclei to initiate the lateral growth of hexagonal platelets via sequential particle attachments driven by thermodynamically ordered reorganization of the BCP upon aging. Moreover, the size of the developed 2D hexagonal platelets could be finely regulated by altering the copolymer concentration over a broad concentration range, enabling scale-up to a total solids concentration of at least 6% w/w. Our work reveals a new mechanism to create uniform 2D core-shell nanoparticles dictated by crystallization and particle fusion, while it also provides an alternative facile strategy for the design of soft materials with precise control of their dimensions, as well as for the scalability of the derived nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Teng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bingbing Xiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Liping Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill S3 7HF, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Zaizai Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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9
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Yao Y, Zhang L, Zhang S, Huang X, Feng C, Lin S, Xu B. Morphologically Tunable Rectangular Platelets Self-Assembled from Diblock Molecular Brushes Containing Azopyridine Pendants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18880-18888. [PMID: 38084706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) platelet structures are of growing importance as building blocks for the preparation of optical and electrical devices. However, the creation of morphologically tunable rectangular platelets through polymer self-assembly still remains a challenge. Herein, we describe a rational strategy for the fabrication of 2D rectangular platelets by stacking azopyridine-containing diblock molecular brushes in two dimensions in a selective solvent. Amphiphilic PEG-co-(PtBA-g-PAzoPy) DMBs with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block, poly(t-butyl acrylate) (PtBA) backbone, and poly(6-(4-(4-pyridyazo)phenoxy)-hexyl methacrylate) (PAzoPy) brush were synthesized by sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization. Various rectangular platelets were obtained via the solution self-assembly of PEG-co-(PtBA-g-PAzoPy) through a heating-cooling-aging process in which the morphology and size of platelets could be controlled by adjusting the composition of DMBs as well as the solvent polarity. In addition, we investigated the metal chelation ability and H-bonding-assisted co-assembly capability of PEG-co-(PtBA-g-PAzoPy). The results displayed that 2D hybrids and flower-like platelets were formed, respectively. Our study presents an efficient method to fabricate rectangular platelets with tunable morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoliang Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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10
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Li M, Guo J, Zhang C, Che Y, Yi Y, Liu B. Uniform Colloidal Polymer Rods by Stabilizer-Assisted Liquid-Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309914. [PMID: 37837298 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of anisotropic colloidal building blocks is essential for their self-assembly into hierarchical materials. Here, a highly efficient stabilizer-assisted liquid-crystallization-driven self-assembly (SA-LCDSA) strategy was developed to achieve monodisperse colloidal polymer rods. This strategy does not require the use of block copolymers, but only homopolymers or random copolymers. The resulting rods have tunable size and aspect ratios, as well as well-defined columnar liquid crystal structures. The integrated triphenylene units enable the rods to exhibit unusual photo-induced fluorescence enhancement and accompanying irradiation memory effect, which, as demonstrated, are attractive for information encryption/decryption of paper documents. In particular, unwanted document decryption during delivery can be examined by fluorescence kinetics. This SA-LCDSA-based approach can be extended to synthesize other functional particles with desired π-molecular units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100149, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanke Che
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100149, China
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11
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Zhu L, Liu L, Varlas S, Wang RY, O'Reilly RK, Tong Z. Understanding the Seeded Heteroepitaxial Growth of Crystallizable Polymers: The Role of Crystallization Thermodynamics. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37979190 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Seeded heteroepitaxial growth is a "living" crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) method that has emerged as a promising route to create uniform segmented nanoparticles with diverse core chemistries by using chemically distinct core-forming polymers. Our previous results have demonstrated that crystallization kinetics is a key factor that determines the occurrence of heteroepitaxial growth, but an in-depth understanding of controlling heteroepitaxy from the perspective of crystallization thermodynamics is yet unknown. Herein, we select crystallizable aliphatic polycarbonates (PxCs) with a different number of methylene groups (xCH2, x = 4, 6, 7, 12) in their repeating units as model polymers to explore the effect of lattice match and core compatibility on the seeded growth behavior. Seeded growth of PxCs-containing homopolymer/block copolymer blend unimers from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) core-forming seed platelet micelles exhibits distinct crystal growth behavior at subambient temperatures, which is governed by the lattice match and core compatibility. A case of seeded growth with better core compatibility and a smaller lattice mismatch follows epitaxial growth, where the newly created crystal domain has the same structural orientation as the original platelet substrate. In contrast, a case of seeded growth with better core compatibility but a larger lattice mismatch shows nonepitaxial growth with less-defined crystal orientations in the platelet plane. Additionally, a case of seeded growth with poor core compatibility and larger lattice mismatch results in polydisperse platelet micelles, whereby crystal formation is not nucleated from the crystalline substrate. These findings reveal important factors that govern the specific crystal growth during a seeded growth approach by using compositionally distinct cores, which would further guide researchers in designing 2D segmented materials via polymer crystallization approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyuan Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Liping Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Rui-Yang Wang
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Rachel K O'Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Zaizai Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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12
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Zhang Y, Tian J, Shaikh H, MacKenzie HK, He Y, Zhao C, Lei S, Ren Y, Manners I. Tailored Energy Funneling in Photocatalytic π-Conjugated Polymer Nanofibers for High-Performance Hydrogen Production. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22539-22547. [PMID: 37788384 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The creation of artificial high-performance photosynthetic assemblies with a tailorable antenna system to deliver absorbed solar energy to a photosynthetic reaction center, thereby mimicking biological photosynthesis, remains a major challenge. We report the construction of recyclable, high-performance photosynthetic nanofibers with a crystalline π-conjugated polyfluorene core as an antenna system that funnels absorbed solar energy to spatially defined sensitized Co(II) porphyrin photocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction. Highly effective energy funneling was achieved by tuning the dimensions of the nanofibers to exploit the very long exciton diffusion lengths (>200 nm) associated with the highly crystalline polyfluorene core formed using the living crystallization-driven self-assembly seeded growth method. This enabled efficient solar light-driven hydrogen production from water with a turnover number of over 450 for 8 h of irradiation, an H2 production rate of ca. 65 mmol h-1 g-1, and an overall quantum yield of 0.4% in the wavelength region (<405 nm) beyond the absorption of the molecular photocatalyst. The strategy of using a tailored antenna system based on π-conjugated polymers and maximizing exciton transport to a reaction center reported in this work opens up future opportunities for potential applications in other fields such as solar overall water splitting, CO2 reduction, and photocatalytic small molecule synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jia Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huda Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Harvey K MacKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Yunxiang He
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Chuanqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Shixing Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Yangyang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
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13
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Hu H, Han X, Wu G, Ma Z, Wu B, Yan M, Lin X, Zheng X, Hong X. Spiral Square Nanosheets Assembled from Ru Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37224478 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Spiral two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets exhibit unique physical and chemical phenomena due to their twisted structures. While self-assembly of clusters is an ideal strategy to form hierarchical 2D structures, it is challenging to form spiral nanosheets. Herein, we first report a screw dislocation involved assembled method to obtain 2D spiral cluster assembled nanosheets (CANs) with uniform square morphology. The 2D spiral Ru CANs with a length of approximately 4 μm and thickness of 20.7 ± 3.0 nm per layer were prepared via the assembly of 1-2 nm Ru clusters in the presence of molten block copolymer Pluronic F127. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) demonstrate the existence of screw dislocation in the spiral assembled structure. The X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum indicates that Ru clusters are Ru3+ species, and Ru atoms are mainly coordinated with Cl with a coordination number of 6.5. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectra (1H NMR) indicate that the assembly process of Ru clusters is formed by noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding and hydrophilic interactions. Additionally, the Ru-F127 CANs exhibit excellent photothermal conversion performance in the near-infrared (NIR) region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohui Hu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Geng Wu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhentao Ma
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Bei Wu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Muyu Yan
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xingen Lin
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Zheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Xun Hong
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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14
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Tian J, Xie SH, Borucu U, Lei S, Zhang Y, Manners I. High-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of block copolymer nanofibres with a crystalline core. NATURE MATERIALS 2023:10.1038/s41563-023-01559-4. [PMID: 37217702 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Seeded growth of crystallizable block copolymers and π-stacking molecular amphiphiles in solution using living crystallization-driven self-assembly is an emerging route to fabricate uniform one-dimensional and two-dimensional core-shell micellar nanoparticles of controlled size with a range of potential applications. Although experimental evidence indicates that the crystalline core of these nanomaterials is highly ordered, a direct observation of their crystal lattice has not been successful. Here we report the high-resolution cryo-transmission electron microscopy studies of vitrified solutions of nanofibres made from a crystalline core of poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PFS) and a corona of polysiloxane grafted with 4-vinylpyridine groups. These studies show that poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) chains pack in an 8-nm-diameter core lattice with two-dimensional pseudo-hexagonal symmetry that is coated by a 27 nm 4-vinylpyridine corona with a 3.5 nm distance between each 4-vinylpyridine strand. We combine this structural information with a molecular modelling analysis to propose a detailed molecular model for solvated poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane)-b-4-vinylpyridine nanofibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Song-Hai Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ufuk Borucu
- GW4 Facility for High-Resolution Electron Cryo-Microscopy, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Shixing Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
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15
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Tong Z, Xie Y, Arno MC, Zhang Y, Manners I, O'Reilly RK, Dove AP. Uniform segmented platelet micelles with compositionally distinct and selectively degradable cores. Nat Chem 2023:10.1038/s41557-023-01177-2. [PMID: 37081206 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01177-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The creation of nanoparticles with controlled and uniform dimensions and spatially defined functionality is a key challenge. The recently developed living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) method has emerged as a promising route to one-dimensional (1D) and 2D core-shell micellar assemblies by seeded growth of polymeric and molecular amphiphiles. However, the general limitation of the epitaxial growth process to a single core-forming chemistry is an important obstacle to the creation of complex nanoparticles with segmented cores of spatially varied composition that can be subsequently exploited in selective transformations or responses to external stimuli. Here we report the successful use of a seeded growth approach that operates for a variety of different crystallizable polylactone homopolymer/block copolymer blend combinations to access 2D platelet micelles with compositionally distinct segmented cores. To illustrate the utility of controlling internal core chemistry, we demonstrate spatially selective hydrolytic degradation of the 2D platelets-a result that may be of interest for the design of complex stimuli-responsive particles for programmed-release and cargo-delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaizai Tong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yujie Xie
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Maria C Arno
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Rachel K O'Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Andrew P Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
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16
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Yun N, Kang C, Yang S, Hwang SH, Park JM, Choi TL. Size-Tunable Semiconducting 2D Nanorectangles from Conjugated Polyenyne Homopolymer Synthesized via Cascade Metathesis and Metallotropy Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:9029-9038. [PMID: 37040606 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Size-tunable semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets from conjugated homopolymers are promising materials for easy access to optoelectronic applications, but it has been challenging due to the low solubility of conjugated homopolymers. Herein, we report size-tunable and uniform semiconducting 2D nanorectangles via living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of a fully conjugated polyenyne homopolymer prepared by cascade metathesis and metallotropy (M&M) polymerization. The resulting polyenyne with enhanced solubility successfully underwent living CDSA via biaxial growth mechanism, thereby producing 2D nanorectangles with sizes precisely tuned from 0.1 to 3.0 μm2 with narrow dispersity mostly less than 1.1 and low aspect ratios less than 3.1. Furthermore, living CDSA produced complex 2D block comicelles with different heights from various degrees of polymerization (DPs) of unimers. Based on diffraction analyses and DFT calculations, we proposed an interdigitating packing model with an orthorhombic crystal lattice of semiconducting 2D nanorectangles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namkyu Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Cheol Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sanghee Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Soon-Hyeok Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jun-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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17
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Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Oligo(p-phenylene vinylene)-Containing Block Copolymers: Impact of Branched Structure of Alkyl Side Chain of π-Conjugated Segment. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2893-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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18
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Feng H, Dolejsi M, Zhu N, Yim S, Loo W, Ma P, Zhou C, Craig GSW, Chen W, Wan L, Ruiz R, de Pablo JJ, Rowan SJ, Nealey PF. Optimized design of block copolymers with covarying properties for nanolithography. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:1426-1433. [PMID: 36357686 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ability to impart multiple covarying properties into a single material represents a grand challenge in manufacturing. In the design of block copolymers (BCPs) for directed self-assembly and nanolithography, materials often balance orthogonal properties to meet constraints related to processing, structure and defectivity. Although iterative synthesis strategies deliver BCPs with attractive properties, identifying materials with all the required attributes has been difficult. Here we report a high-throughput synthesis and characterization platform for the discovery and optimization of BCPs with A-block-(B-random-C) architectures for lithographic patterning in semiconductor manufacturing. Starting from a parent BCP and using thiol-epoxy 'click' chemistry, we synthesize a library of BCPs that cover a large and complex parameter space. This allows us to readily identify feature-size-dependent BCP chemistries for 8-20-nm-pitch patterns. These blocks have similar surface energies for directed self-assembly, and control over the segregation strength to optimize the structure (favoured at higher segregation strengths) and defectivity (favoured at lower segregation strengths).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Feng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Moshe Dolejsi
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Soonmin Yim
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Whitney Loo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peiyuan Ma
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chun Zhou
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gordon S W Craig
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wen Chen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Wan
- Western Digital Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Ricardo Ruiz
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Juan J de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stuart J Rowan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Paul F Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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19
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Tan Z, Kim EJ, Phan TNL, Kim J, Shin JJ, Ku KH, Kim BJ. Investigating Structural Effects of Quaternizing Additives on Shape Transitions of Block Copolymer Particles. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengping Tan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeman J. Shin
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Department of Green Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hee Ku
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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20
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Li H, Han L, Zhu Y, Zheng N, Lai H, Fernández-Trillo P, He F. Morphological transition and transformation of 2D nanosheets by controlling the balance of π -π stacking interaction and crystalline driving forces. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2809-2817. [PMID: 36017717 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00891b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale organic two-dimensional (2D) materials of block polymers (BCPs) have attracted interest on account of their wide potential applications in a range of fields. Herein, we design a new poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) based BCP that contains a triisopropylsilyl side chain and poly (2-vinyl pyridine) (P2VP) corona, which could assemble into a series of 2D square and rectangular micelles in isopropanol. The aspect ratios and the scales of the 2D micelles can be tuned in two ways, including altering the ratios of the P2VP and PPV-TIPS blocks and their concentrations. By precisely controlling the aspect ratios, micro-scale rod-like micelles are also obtained. From in depth studies of the morphology transition from rectangular micelles to rod-like or square micelles, it is found that the BCPs initially organize into fibers and then assemble into final micelles by the combined forces of π-π interactions and the crystalline force from TIPS side chains. Based on the balance of the two interactions, 2D circle-like micelles are also achieved by heterogenous co-assembly of two kinds of polymers with different cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Liang Han
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yulin Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hanjian Lai
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | | | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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21
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Deng R, Mao X, Pearce S, Tian J, Zhang Y, Manners I. Role of Competitive Crystallization Kinetics in the Formation of 2D Platelets with Distinct Coronal Surface Patterns via Seeded Growth. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19051-19059. [PMID: 36201750 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Low dispersity 2D platelet micelles with controllable surface patterns were prepared by seeded-growth/living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of block copolymer/homopolymer (BCP/HP) blends of poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane)-b-poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (PFS-b-P2VP) and PFS. The precise morphology was found to be dependent on the proportion of the P2VP corona block, which can be efficiently controlled by changing the molar concentration ratio of PFS-b-P2VP/PFS, (cB/cH)t, as well as their relative rates of crystallization, (GB/GH)t. In the case where their molar concentration ratio was comparable to their crystallization rate ratio, platelets with a uniform distribution of P2VP coronal chains were formed. In other cases, as the concentration ratio increased (or decreased) during the living CDSA process, hierarchical structures were formed, including chain-like assemblies consisting of end-to-end linked rectangular platelets and fusiform (tapered) micelles. (GB/GH)t was adjusted by tuning the degree of polymerization of the crystallizable PFS core-forming block and the BCP block ratio and by varying the terminus of the HP or changing the solvent used. Furthermore, the open edge of the platelets remained active for further growth, which permitted control of the morphology and dimensions of the platelets. Interestingly, in cases where the molar concentration ratio was lower than the crystallization rate ratio, growth rings were observed after two or more living CDSA steps. This study on the formation of platelet micelles by living CDSA of BCP/HP blends under kinetic control offers a considerable scope for the design of 2D polymer nanomaterials with controlled shape and surface patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhua Deng
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.,Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xi Mao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Samuel Pearce
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Jia Tian
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
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22
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Fabrication of Multilayered Two-Dimensional Micelles and Fibers by Controlled Self-Assembly of Rod-Coil Block Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194125. [PMID: 36236073 PMCID: PMC9571386 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabricating hierarchical nanomaterials by self-assembly of rod-coil block copolymers attracts great interest. However, the key factors that affect the formation of the hierarchical nanomaterials have not been thoroughly researched. Herein, we have synthesized two diblock copolymers composed of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Through a heating, cooling, and aging process, a series of multilayered hierarchical micelles and fibers were prepared in alcoholic solutions. The transition from fibers to hierarchical micelles are strictly influenced by the strength of the π-π stacking interaction, the PEG chain length, and solvent. In isopropanol, the P3HT22-b-PEG43 could self-assemble into hierarchical micelles composed of several two-dimensional (2D) laminar layers, driven by the π-π stacking interaction and van der Waals force. The P3HT22-b-PEG43 could not self-assemble into well-defined nanostructures in methanol and ethanol, but could self-assemble into fibers in isobutanol. However, the P3HT22-b-PEG113 with a longer corona block only self-assembled into fibers in four alcoholic solutions, due to the increase in dissolving capacity and steric hindrance. The sizes and the size distributions of the nanostructures both increased with the increase in polymer concentration and the decrease in solvent polarity. This study shows a method to fabricate the hierarchical micelles.
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23
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Hicks GEJ, Cranston RR, Lotocki V, Manion JG, Lessard BH, Seferos DS. Dopant-Stabilized Assembly of Poly(3-hexylthiophene). J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16456-16470. [PMID: 36044779 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymer self-assembly is a powerful approach for forming nanostructures for solution-phase applications. However, polymer semiconductor assembly has primarily been driven by solvent interactions. Here, we report poly(3-hexythiophene) homopolymer assembly driven and stabilized by oxidative doping with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate in benzonitrile. By this improved method, dopant mol % and addition temperature determine the size and morphology of oxidized polymer nanostructures. The dopant counterion provides colloidal stability in a process of dopant-stabilized assembly (DSA). Each variable governing polymer assembly is systematically varied, revealing general principles of oxidized nanostructure assembly and allowing the polymer planarity, optical absorption, and doping level to be modulated. Oxidized nanostructure heights, lengths, and widths are shown to depend on these properties, which we hypothesize is due to competing nanostructure formation and oxidation mechanisms that are governed by the polymer conformation upon doping. Finally, we demonstrate that the nanoparticle oxidative doping level can be tuned post-formation through sequential dopant addition. By revealing the fundamental processes underlying DSA, this work provides a powerful toolkit to control the assembly and optoelectronic properties of oxidatively doped nanostructures in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garion E J Hicks
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, M5S 3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rosemary R Cranston
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victor Lotocki
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, M5S 3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph G Manion
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benoît H Lessard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, M5S 3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, M5S 3E5 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Nie J, Huang X, Lu G, Winnik MA, Feng C. Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Linear and V-Shaped Oligo( p-phenylene ethynylene)-Containing Block Copolymers: Architecture Effect of π-Conjugated Crystalline Segment. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiucheng Nie
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
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25
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Abstract
Conjugated polymers have been actively studied as an alternative to inorganic semiconductors for their unique optical and electrical properties and low-cost solution processability. However, typical conjugated polymer films contain numerous defects that negatively affect their transport properties, which remains a major issue despite much effort to develop ways to improve the molecular packing structure. In principle, conjugated block copolymers (BCPs) composed of a rod-type conjugated polymer and a coil-type insulating polymer can assemble into various types of ordered nanostructures based on the microphase segregation of two polymer blocks. However, such assembly typically requires a relatively large volume fraction of the coil block or modification of the rod block, both of which tend to impede charge transport. As an alternative, we and others have fabricated nanoscale assemblies of conjugated BCPs via solution-phase self-assembly, which can be used as building blocks for construction of extended nanoarrays of conjugated polymers. In particular, BCPs containing poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), a conjugated polymer widely used for its high hole mobility, form highly ordered and technologically relevant one-dimensional (1D) nanowires with controlled lengths. A range of well-defined assembly structures such as square plates, ribbons, vesicles, and helices have been prepared from various conjugated BCPs, resembling those of peptide self-assembly, forming diverse nanostructures through combinations of π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions.When the self-assembly of P3HT BCPs takes place at an air-water interface, the initially formed polymer nanowires further assemble into hierarchical two-dimensional (2D) nanoarrays with solvent evaporation. The fluidic nature of the water subphase allows fabrication of highly ordered assembly structures from P3HT BCPs with high P3HT content. The ultrathin free-standing film integrated in a field effect transistor (FET) showed orders of magnitude higher current and hole mobility compared to that fabricated by conventional spin-coating. Furthermore, binary self-assembly of a P3HT BCP and quantum dots (QDs) at the air-water interface generates well-ordered 2D films of alternating P3HT nanowires and 1D QD arrays. Unlike coil-coil BCP systems, QDs reside at the interface between P3HT and coil blocks for a broad range of QD sizes due to the strong P3HT packing interactions and the flexible water subphase, forming tight p-n junctions for enhanced photocurrent. Incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles can further improve the degree of order, enabling fabrication of long-range order and direction-controlled P3HT nanoarrays through magnetic-field induced self-assembly.The conjugated BCP approach is highly modular and can be combined with various types of functional molecules, polymers, and nanoparticles, offering a powerful platform for fabrication of functional polymer nanostructures with desired morphologies and properties. This Account introduces recent advances in the self-assembly of π-conjugated BCPs, describes how they differ from prototypical coil-coil type BCPs, and discusses current issues and future outlooks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulki Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Ga-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
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26
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Ellis CE, Hils C, Oliver AM, Greiner A, Schmalz H, Manners I. Electrospinning of 1D Fiber‐Like Block Copolymer Micelles with a Crystalline Core. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E. Ellis
- Department of Chemistry University of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Christian Hils
- Macromolecular Chemistry II University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Alex M. Oliver
- Department of Chemistry University of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Andreas Greiner
- Macromolecular Chemistry II University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Macromolecular Chemistry II University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry University of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC) University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
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27
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Zhang C, Lin J, Wang L, Gao L. 2D Liquid-Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Rod-Coil Block Copolymers: Living Growth and Self-Similarity. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6215-6222. [PMID: 35770907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-crystallization-driven self-assembly (LCDSA) is an emerging methodology, which has been employed to construct controllable 1D nanostructures. However, 2D nanostructures via living LCDSA are rarely reported, and the complicated growth kinetics are not well-known. Herein, we perform Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations to investigate the 2D living growth of disklike micelles via LCDSA of rod-coil block copolymers. The 2D seeded-growth behavior is achieved by incorporating the unimers onto the edges of disklike seeds with smectic-like liquid-crystalline (LC) cores. The fluidity of such LC-like micellar cores is conducive to the chain adjustments of rod blocks during the 2D living growth process. The apparent growth rate and unique self-similarity kinetics are governed by the interplay between the variations in the growth rate coefficient and the reactive sites at the micelle edges. This work provides an in-depth understanding of the 2D living growth of micelles and guidance to construct well-defined 2D hierarchical nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiaping Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liquan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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28
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Li H, Han L, Li Q, Wang H, Fernández-Trillo P, Tian L, He F. Morphologically Tunable Supramolecular Rectangular Microsheet and Microsaw Constructed by Hierarchical Self-assembly Based on Hydrogen Bonds. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200368. [PMID: 35650017 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid derivative TDAV as new building blocks for two-dimensional (2D) supramolecular assembly has been designed. Various square and rectangular microsheets are achieved and the aspect ratios are precisely regulated by controlling the polarity of cosolvent or water content. By the introduction of chirality, the novel microsaw is also achieved. It provides a new approach to prepare various kinds of unique supramolecular 2D materials with controllable shapes and sizes for future biological applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Shenzhen, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Liang Han
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hengtao Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Paco Fernández-Trillo
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Shenzhen, B15 2TT, UK.,Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias and Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña A Coruña, Shenzhen, 15071, Spain
| | - Leilei Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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29
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Jin X, Zhang C, Lin J, Cai C, Chen J, Gao L. Fusion Growth of Two-Dimensional Disklike Micelles via Liquid-Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chengyan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiaping Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chunhua Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianding Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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30
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Qi R, Liu B, Li H, Wang J, Li X, Jin Y, Xie S. Formation of ultrathin scarf-like micelles, ultrathin disk-like micelles and spherical micelles by self-assembly of polyurethane diblock copolymers. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Insua I, Bergueiro J, Méndez-Ardoy A, Lostalé-Seijo I, Montenegro J. Bottom-up supramolecular assembly in two dimensions. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3057-3068. [PMID: 35414883 PMCID: PMC8926289 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05667k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of molecules in two dimensions (2D) is gathering attention from all disciplines across the chemical sciences. Attracted by the interesting properties of two-dimensional inorganic analogues, monomers of different chemical natures are being explored for the assembly of dynamic 2D systems. Although many important discoveries have been already achieved, great challenges are still to be addressed in this field. Hierarchical multicomponent assembly, directional non-covalent growth and internal structural control are a just a few of the examples that will be discussed in this perspective about the exciting present and the bright future of two-dimensional supramolecular assemblies. The self-assembly of molecules in two dimensions (2D) is gathering attention from all disciplines across the chemical sciences. This perspective discusses the main strategies to direct the supramolecular self-assembly of organic monomers in 2D.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Insua
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15705 Spain
| | - Julian Bergueiro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15705 Spain
| | - Alejandro Méndez-Ardoy
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15705 Spain
| | - Irene Lostalé-Seijo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15705 Spain
| | - Javier Montenegro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15705 Spain
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32
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Kwon Y, Ma H, Kim KT. Self-Assembly of Stereoblock Copolymers Driven by the Chain Folding of Discrete Poly( d-lactic acid- b- l-lactic acid) via Intramolecular Stereocomplexation. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbeom Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyunji Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyoung Taek Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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33
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Yang C, Li Z, Xu J. Single crystals and two‐dimensional crystalline assemblies of block copolymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Zi‐Xian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jun‐Ting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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34
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Harniman RL, Pearce S, Manners I. Exploring the "Living" Growth of Block Copolymer Nanofibers from Surface-Confined Seeds by In Situ Solution-Phase Atomic Force Microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:951-962. [PMID: 34985896 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Living crystallization-driven self-assembly of polymeric and molecular amphiphiles is of growing interest as a seeded growth route to uniform 1D, 2D, and more complex micellar nanoparticles with controlled dimensions and a range of potential applications. Although most studies have been performed using colloidally stable seeds in bulk solution, growth of block copolymer (BCP) nanofibers from seeds confined to a surface is attracting increased attention. Herein, we have used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to undertake detailed studies of the growth of BCP nanofibers from immobilized seeds located on a Si surface. Through initial ex situ AFM studies and in situ AFM video analysis in solution, we determined that growth occurred in four stages, whereby an initial surface-bound growth regime transitions to surface-limited growth. As the nanofiber length increases, surface influence is diminished as the newly grown micelle segment is no longer bound to the Si substrate. Finally, a surface-independent regime occurs where nanofiber growth continues into bulk solution. In addition to the anticipated nanofiber elongation, our studies revealed occasional examples of AFM tip-induced core fragmentation. In these cases, the termini of the newly formed fragments were also active to further growth. Furthermore, unidirectional growth was detected in cases where the seed was oriented at a significant angle with respect to the surface, thereby restricting unimer access to one terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Harniman
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Pearce
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom.,Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
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35
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Kwon Y, Kim KT. Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers Having Monodisperse Poly(lactic acid)s with Defined Stereochemical Sequences. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbeom Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyoung Taek Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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36
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Feng W, Huang Z, Kang X, Zhao D, Li H, Li G, Xu J, Wang X. Self-Assembled Nanosized Vehicles from Amino Acid-Based Amphiphilic Polymers with Pendent Carboxyl Groups for Efficient Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4871-4882. [PMID: 34636237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Developing safe and efficient delivery vehicles for chemotherapeutic drugs has been a long-standing demanding. Amino acid-based polymers are promising candidates to address this challenge due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradation. Herein, a series of well-defined amphiphilic block copolymers were prepared by PET-RAFT polymerization of N-acryloyl amino acid monomers. By altering monomer types and the block ratio of the copolymers, the copolymers self-assembled into nanostructures with various morphologies, including spheres, rod-like, fibers, and lamellae via hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Significantly, the nanoparticles (NPs) assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers poly(N-acryloyl-valine)-b-poly(N-acryloyl-aspartic acid) (PV-b-PD) displayed an appealing cargo loading efficiency (21.8-32.6%) for a broad range of drugs (paclitaxel, doxorubicin (DOX), cisplatin, etc.) due to strong interactions. The DOX-loaded PV-b-PD NPs exhibited rapid cellular uptake (within 1 min) and a great therapeutic performance. These drug delivery systems provide new insights for regulating the controlled morphologies and improving the efficiency of drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zixuan Huang
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaoxu Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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37
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Hicks GEJ, Li S, Obhi NK, Jarrett-Wilkins CN, Seferos DS. Programmable Assembly of π-Conjugated Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006287. [PMID: 34085725 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
π-Conjugated polymers have numerous applications due to their advantageous optoelectronic and mechanical properties. These properties depend intrinsically on polymer ordering, including crystallinity, orientation, morphology, domain size, and π-π interactions. Programming, or deliberately controlling the composition and ordering of π-conjugated polymers by well-defined inputs, is a key facet in the development of organic electronics. Here, π-conjugated programming is described at each stage of material development, stressing the links between each programming mode. Covalent programming is performed during polymer synthesis such that complex architectures can be constructed, which direct polymer assembly by governing polymer orientation, π-π interactions, and morphological length-scales. Solution programming is performed in a solvated state as polymers dissolve, aggregate, crystallize, or react in solution. Solid-state programming occurs in the solid state and is governed by polymer crystallization, domain segregation, or gelation. Recent progress in programming across these stages is examined, highlighting order-dependent features and assembly techniques that are unique to π-conjugated polymers. This should serve as a guide for delineating the many ways of directing π-conjugated polymer assembly to control ordering, structure, and function, enabling the further development of organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garion E J Hicks
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sheng Li
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Nimrat K Obhi
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Charles N Jarrett-Wilkins
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
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38
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Song S, Zhou H, Hicks G, Jiang J, Zhang Y, Manners I, Winnik MA. An Amphiphilic Corona-Forming Block Promotes Formation of a Variety of 2D Platelets via Crystallization-Driven Block Copolymer Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Garion Hicks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jingjie Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Yefeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
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39
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Wang Z, Ma C, Huang X, Lu G, Feng C. Co‐Self‐Seeding Approach toward Uniform Fiber‐Like Comicelles: Regulating Length and Distribution of Corona‐Forming Chains of Comicelles by Metal Ions. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Chen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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40
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Haider T, Suraeva O, Lieberwirth I, Wurm FR. Terpyridine-Induced Folding of Anisotropic Polyphosphoester Platelets. ACS POLYMERS AU 2021; 1:123-130. [PMID: 36855426 PMCID: PMC9954280 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The folding of macromolecules is of great importance in nature. Also in synthetic polymer chemistry, single-chain nanoparticles, i.e. folding synthetic macromolecules, are a current research topic to mimic protein folding and to generate well-defined structures. Here, we present the "folding" of anisotropic polymer platelets to further mimic natural folding processes on the (sub)micrometer scale. We report on the synthesis of terpyridine-functionalized long-chain polyphosphoesters by acyclic diene metathesis polymerization that can crystallize in dilute solution into anisotropic polymer crystal platelets. As the terpyridine units are expelled to the platelet surface, terpyridine-metal interactions could be induced by adding nickel(II) bis(acetylacetonate) (Ni(acac)2) to the platelet dispersion in ethyl acetate. These polymer crystals were "folded" to homogeneous nanoparticles with a wrinkled structure, which were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The size and size distribution of the obtained assemblies could be altered by varying the concentration of Ni(acac)2. In contrast, no wrinkled structures but rather intrachain cross-linking was observed, when Ni(acac)2 was added to the homogeneous polymer solution before crystallization. We believe that this concept of "folding" anisotropic polymer platelets will further enhance the control of morphologies on (sub)micrometer particles and might be useful for catalysis or separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias
P. Haider
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Oksana Suraeva
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany,Sustainable
Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute
for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands,Email for F.R.W.:
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41
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Sneyd AJ, Fukui T, Paleček D, Prodhan S, Wagner I, Zhang Y, Sung J, Collins SM, Slater TJA, Andaji-Garmaroudi Z, MacFarlane LR, Garcia-Hernandez JD, Wang L, Whittell GR, Hodgkiss JM, Chen K, Beljonne D, Manners I, Friend RH, Rao A. Efficient energy transport in an organic semiconductor mediated by transient exciton delocalization. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/32/eabh4232. [PMID: 34348902 PMCID: PMC8336960 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh4232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient energy transport is desirable in organic semiconductor (OSC) devices. However, photogenerated excitons in OSC films mostly occupy highly localized states, limiting exciton diffusion coefficients to below ~10-2 cm2/s and diffusion lengths below ~50 nm. We use ultrafast optical microscopy and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations to study well-ordered poly(3-hexylthiophene) nanofiber films prepared using living crystallization-driven self-assembly, and reveal a highly efficient energy transport regime: transient exciton delocalization, where energy exchange with vibrational modes allows excitons to temporarily re-access spatially extended states under equilibrium conditions. We show that this enables exciton diffusion constants up to 1.1 ± 0.1 cm2/s and diffusion lengths of 300 ± 50 nm. Our results reveal the dynamic interplay between localized and delocalized exciton configurations at equilibrium conditions, calling for a re-evaluation of exciton dynamics and suggesting design rules to engineer efficient energy transport in OSC device architectures not based on restrictive bulk heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Sneyd
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Tomoya Fukui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - David Paleček
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Suryoday Prodhan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Isabella Wagner
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6010, New Zealand
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Jooyoung Sung
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Sean M Collins
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Thomas J A Slater
- Electron Physical Science Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | | | - Liam R MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - J Diego Garcia-Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Linjun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | | | - Justin M Hodgkiss
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6010, New Zealand
| | - Kai Chen
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6010, New Zealand
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium.
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Richard H Friend
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Akshay Rao
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
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42
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Li H, Han L, Zhu Y, Fernández-Trillo P, He F. Transformation from Rod-Like to Diamond-Like Micelles by Thermally Induced Nucleation Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - Liang Han
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Yulin Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | | | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
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43
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Tu K, Liu C, He E, Cheng J, Zhang L, Cheng Z. Reduction-Induced Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Main-Chain-Type Alternating Copolymers: Transformation from 1D Lines to 2D Platelets. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:564-569. [PMID: 35570758 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, crystalline-driven self-assembly (CDSA) has received enormous attention, but almost only for block copolymers (BCPs). Herein, we introduced perfluorocarbon chains into main-chain-type liquid crystalline alternating copolymers (ACPs) to obtain perfluoroalkane-containing ACPs with periodic C-I bonds in polymer backbones via step transfer-addition and radical-termination (START) polymerization, followed by an iodine reduction reaction of C-I bonds to induce CDSA of ACPs and put forward a novel concept of "reduction-induced crystallization-driven self-assembly" (RI-CDSA) of main-chain-type ACPs for the first time. Finally, we proposed the folded-chain model and mechanism to explain the novel RI-CDSA behavior, and its rationality has been proved by the corresponding experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 21513, China
| | - Enjie He
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiannan Cheng
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lifen Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhenping Cheng
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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44
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Zhang Y, Shaikh H, Sneyd AJ, Tian J, Xiao J, Blackburn A, Rao A, Friend RH, Manners I. Efficient Energy Funneling in Spatially Tailored Segmented Conjugated Block Copolymer Nanofiber-Quantum Dot or Rod Conjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7032-7041. [PMID: 33905660 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid systems composed of conjugated polymers and inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals such as quantum dots (QDs) and nanorods (QRs) represent highly desirable multifunctional materials for applications from energy harvesting to light emission and sensing. Herein, we describe energy transfer studies between low-dispersity segmented conjugated polymer micellar nanofibers integrated with quantum dots that are spatially confined to discrete regions in the hybrid assembly via noncovalent interactions. The nanofibers were prepared from diblock copolymers with a crystallizable poly(di-n-hexylfluorene) (PDHF) core-forming block and different corona-forming blocks using the seeded-growth "living" crystallization-driven self-assembly method. The highly ordered crystalline PDHF core in the fibers functions as a donor and permits long-range exciton transport (>200 nm). Energy can therefore be funneled through the fiber core to QDs and QRs that function as acceptor materials and which are noncovalently bound to spatially defined coronal regions of poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) or quaternized polyfluorene (QPF). Using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy, we demonstrate that efficient energy transfer (over 70%) occurs from the crystalline PDHF donor core to the acceptor CdSe QRs attached at the fiber termini. The emission of the PDHF donor in the hybrid conjugate was extensively quenched (by 84%), and a subsequent 4-fold enhancement of the QR emission in solution was observed. These results indicate that the conjugates prepared in this work show promise for potential applications in fields such as light-emitting diodes, photovoltaics, chemical sensors, and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3 V6, Canada
| | - Huda Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3 V6, Canada
| | - Alexander J Sneyd
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 OHE, United Kingdom
| | - Jia Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3 V6, Canada
| | - James Xiao
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 OHE, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur Blackburn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Akshay Rao
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 OHE, United Kingdom
| | - Richard H Friend
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 OHE, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3 V6, Canada
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45
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Yang S, Kang SY, Choi TL. Semi-conducting 2D rectangles with tunable length via uniaxial living crystallization-driven self-assembly of homopolymer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2602. [PMID: 33972541 PMCID: PMC8110585 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22879-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Semi-conducting two-dimensional (2D) nanoobjects, prepared by self-assembly of conjugated polymers, are promising materials for optoelectronic applications. However, no examples of self-assembled semi-conducting 2D nanosheets whose lengths and aspect ratios are controlled at the same time have been reported. Herein, we successfully prepared uniform semi-conducting 2D sheets using a conjugated poly(cyclopentenylene vinylene) homopolymer and its block copolymer by blending and heating. Using these as 2D seeds, living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) was achieved by adding the homopolymer as a unimer. Interestingly, unlike typical 2D CDSA examples showing radial growth, this homopolymer assembled only in one direction. Owing to this uniaxial growth, the lengths of the 2D nanosheets could be precisely tuned from 1.5 to 8.8 μm with narrow dispersity according to the unimer-to-seed ratio. We also studied the growth kinetics of the living 2D CDSA and confirmed first-order kinetics. Subsequently, we prepared several 2D block comicelles (BCMs), including penta-BCMs in a one-shot method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sung-Yun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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46
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Jin X, Wu F, Lin J, Cai C, Wang L, Chen J, Gao L. Programmable Morphology Evolution of Rod-Coil-Rod Block Copolymer Assemblies Induced by Variation of Chain Ordering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:3148-3157. [PMID: 33661006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Morphology transition of block copolymer assemblies in response to external stimuli has attracted considerable attention. However, our knowledge about the mechanism of such a transition is still limited, especially for rod-coil block copolymers. Here, we report a programmable morphology evolution of assemblies induced by variation of chain ordering for rod-coil-rod triblock copolymers. A sequence of morphology transition from ellipsoids to disks, bowls, and vesicles is observed by increasing the solution temperature. At high temperatures, the mobility of the rod chain increases and the rigidity of the rod chain decreases. This gives rise to an ellipsoid-to-vesicle morphology transition. Dissipative particle dynamics theoretical simulations were performed to reveal the mechanism of this morphology transition process. It was found that the increase of rod chain mobility and the decrease of rod chain rigidity induce a decrease of chain ordering of rod blocks as temperature increases, which results in an ellipsoid-to-vesicle morphology transition. The gained information can guide the construction of nanoassemblies based on the rod-coil block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fangsheng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiaping Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chunhua Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liquan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianding Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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47
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48
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Li Z, Lin Z. Self-Assembly of Bolaamphiphiles into 2D Nanosheets via Synergistic and Meticulous Tailoring of Multiple Noncovalent Interactions. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3152-3160. [PMID: 33507061 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A bolaamphiphile possessing a hydrophobic skeleton and two hydrophilic groups at both ends represents an important class of building blocks toward a rich variety of self-assembled materials for use in ion transport, optoelectronic devices, and drug and gene delivery. Herein, we report a one-step synthesis of an array of rationally designed anionic bolaamphiphiles and unravel the correlation between molecular structure of anionic bolaamphiphiles and their disparate self-assemblies via synergistic and meticulous tailoring of a set of interactions. Intriguingly, by delicately regulating the interactions among these supramolecular interactions, two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets are crafted via self-assembly of anionic bolaamphiphiles. Particularly, single-layered 2D nanosheets are formed through the synergy of aromatic π-π stacking, hydrophobic, hydrogen-bonding, and electrostatic repulsion interactions. In contrast, the selective converting of anionic headgroups of bolaamphiphiles into nonpolar alkyl chain screens the electrostatic repulsion between neighboring bolaamphiphiles while keeping the other segments of bolaamphiphiles intact, thereby allowing them to self-assemble into multilayered 2D nanosheets. Interestingly, the intrinsically charged 2D nanosheets could anchor oppositely charged metal nanoparticles via electrostatic attraction. Conceptually, anionic bolaamphiphile-derived 2D nanosheets may function as a substrate to position a diversity of nanocrystals and conjugated polymers for a broad range of applications in catalysis, optical devices, and photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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49
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Hazra R, Roy D. Distinctive Weak Interactions Underlie Diverse Nucleation and Small-Angle Scattering Behavior of Aqueous Cholesterol, Cholesteryl Hemisuccinate, and Glycocholic Acid. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:612-624. [PMID: 33417461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Increased total cholesterol is a major cause of serious heart ailments leading to an estimated 3 million deaths annually throughout the world. Understanding the flocculation behavior of small lipids is thus quintessential. Nucleation, small-angle scattering, and dynamical behavior of lipids and analogues like cholesterol (CHL), cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHM), and glycocholic acid (GHL) are studied in water by molecular dynamics simulation. The study shows a distinct aggregation behavior of these physiologically relevant molecules owing to a systematic gradation in their non-bonding interactions with solvents and near neighbors. Spontaneous self-assemblies formed during simulation are observed to have different stability, aggregation patterns, and dynamics depending crucially on the nature of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic tails. With increasing hydrophilicity, in the order CHL < CHM < GHL, the aggregates become breakable and less compact, often interposed by water molecules in the interstitial spaces between the lipids. Small-angle scattering data obtained from our simulations provide insights toward the structural integrity and shape of the aggregates formed. Unique features are noticed while following the time evolution of the packing of the nucleated assemblies from the solution phase in terms of local density and molecular orientation. As hydrophilicity increases from CHL to GHL, the packing becomes progressively erratic with diverse angles between the molecular vectors. Surface electrostatic potential calculation indicates drastic increase in positive surface charge from CHL to CHM, which has strong implication in water and ion transport through membranes. These observations can be further correlated to comprehend the flocculation of cholesterol and bile acids in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Durba Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
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50
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Ellis CE, Fukui T, Cordoba C, Blackburn A, Manners I. Towards scalable, low dispersity, and dimensionally tunable 2D platelets using living crystallization-driven self-assembly. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00571e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Scalable low dispersity platelets were accessed through the self-assembly of crystallizable charge-terminated PFS homopolymers. The use of surfactant counteranions, as well as increasing the self-assembly temperature, improved structure fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomoya Fukui
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Victoria
- Canada
| | | | | | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Victoria
- Canada
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