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Haley E, Luke N. From Awareness to Action: Pioneering Solutions for Women's UTI Challenges in the Era of Precision Medicine. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:1595-1605. [PMID: 39359902 PMCID: PMC11446210 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s477476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This article aims to bring clinicians' awareness to the widespread impact of urinary tract infection (UTI) on the lives of women and to the advances that offer hope for future improvements in the diagnosis and management of UTI. Thanks to physiological, anatomical, and lifestyle factor differences, women face heightened vulnerability to UTIs compared to men. In fact, women are four times more likely than men to develop a UTI and around half of these women encounter UTI recurrence, which is a significant source of both physical and psychosocial burdens. Despite the current shortcomings in diagnosis and management, emerging diagnostic technologies promise to identify UTIs more accurately and rapidly, offering women hope for a revolution in UTI management. Meanwhile, clinicians have the opportunity to reduce the psychosocial burden by recognizing the value of patients' lived experiences and ensuring their care plan is in alignment with their patients' goals and expectations for medical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emery Haley
- Department of Clinical Research, Pathnostics, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Natalie Luke
- Department of Clinical Research, Pathnostics, Irvine, CA, USA
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2
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Noonin C, Putpim A, Thongboonkerd V. The direct inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus, a commensal urinary bacterium, on calcium oxalate stone development. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:175. [PMID: 39289694 PMCID: PMC11406782 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01877-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactobacillus acidophilus is a commensal urinary bacterium found more abundantly in healthy individuals than in stone patients. Hence, it has been proposed to play an inhibitory role in kidney stone disease (KSD) but with unclear mechanisms. We therefore investigated the direct effects of L. acidophilus on calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone development compared with Escherichia coli, which is known to promote CaOx stone formation. RESULTS L. acidophilus at 1 × 103 CFU/ml significantly reduced the abundance of newly formed crystals, enlargement and aggregation of seeded crystals, and crystal adhesion on renal cell membranes. By contrast, E. coli at 1 × 103 CFU/ml significantly enhanced crystal growth and aggregation but did not affect crystallization and crystal-cell adhesion. Oxalate consumption assay showed that neither L. acidophilus nor E. coli significantly reduced the remaining oxalate level after 1 - 3 h incubation. However, both of them adhered to CaOx crystals. Surface component detection revealed that only L. acidophilus expressed S-layer protein, whereas only E. coli exhibited flagella on their surfaces. Removal of L. acidophilus S-layer protein and E. coli flagella completely abolished the inhibitory and promoting effects of L. acidophilus and E. coli, respectively. CONCLUSIONS L. acidophilus inhibits CaOx stone development by hampering crystallization, growth, aggregation and cell-adhesive ability of CaOx. By contrast, E. coli enhances CaOx stone development by promoting CaOx growth and aggregation. Their contradictory effects are most likely from differential surface components (i.e., S-layer protein on L. acidophilus and flagella on E. coli) not from oxalate-degrading ability. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadanat Noonin
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Anantaya Putpim
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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3
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Peng L, Ai C, Dou Z, Li K, Jiang M, Wu X, Zhao C, Li Z, Zhang L. Altered microbial diversity and composition of multiple mucosal organs in cervical cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1154. [PMID: 39289617 PMCID: PMC11409810 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterize the microbiome of multiple mucosal organs in cervical cancer (CC) patients. METHODS We collected oral, gut, urinary tract, and vaginal samples from enrolled study participants, as well as tumor tissue from CC patients. The microbiota of different mucosal organs was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and correlated with clinical-pathological characteristics of cervical cancer cases. RESULTS Compared with controls, CC patients had reduced α-diversity of oral and gut microbiota (pOral_Sob < 0.001, pOral_Shannon = 0.049, pOral_Simpson = 0.013 pFecal_Sob = 0.030), although there was an opposite trend in the vaginal microbiota (pVaginal_Pielou = 0.028, pVaginal_Simpson = 0.006). There were also significant differences in the β-diversity of the microbiota at each site between cases and controls (pOral = 0.002, pFecal = 0.037, pUrine = 0.001, pVaginal = 0.001). The uniformity of urine microbiota was lower in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (pUrine = 0.036) and lymph node metastasis (pUrine_Sob = 0.027, pUrine_Pielou = 0.028, pUrine_Simpson = 0.021, pUrine_Shannon = 0.047). The composition of bacteria in urine also varied among patients with different ages (p = 0.002), tumor stages (p = 0.001) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.002). In CC cases, Pseudomonas were significantly enriched in the oral, gut, and urinary tract samples. In addition, Gardnerella, Anaerococcus, and Prevotella were biomarkers of urinary tract microbiota; Abiotrophia and Lautropia were obviously enriched in the oral microbiota. The microbiota of tumor tissue correlated with other mucosal organs (except the gut), with a shift in the microflora between mucosal organs and tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our study not only revealed differences in the composition and diversity of the vaginal and gut microflora between CC cases and controls, but also showed dysbiosis of the oral cavity and urethra in cervical cancer cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Conghui Ai
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zhongyan Dou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Kangming Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Meiping Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xingrao Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Chunfang Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650118, China.
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4
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Kula A, Khan A, Martinez M, Terry J, Appleberry H, Wolfe AJ, Putonti C. Draft genomes of Neisseria perflava UMB0578, Proteus mirabilis UMB8339, and Enterococcus faecalis UMB7967 isolated from urine samples. Microbiol Resour Announc 2024; 13:e0049824. [PMID: 39162471 PMCID: PMC11385105 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00498-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The urinary tract of females harbors a variety of microorganisms, both for those with and without symptoms. Here, we present the draft genome sequences of three isolates from urine samples-Neisseria perflava UMB0578, Proteus mirabilis UMB8339, and Enterococcus faecalis UMB7967.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kula
- Department of Biology, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ali Khan
- Department of Biology, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Megan Martinez
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jevan Terry
- Department of Biology, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Helen Appleberry
- Department of Biology, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alan J Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Department of Biology, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
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5
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Kula A, Chilton G, Damaso J, Golzar Y, Rushnaiwala F, Appleberry H, Wolfe AJ, Putonti C. Draft genome sequences of four Corynebacterium amycolatum strains isolated from female urine samples. Microbiol Resour Announc 2024; 13:e0048724. [PMID: 39083712 PMCID: PMC11384733 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00487-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium amycolatum is an emerging pathogen of the urinary tract. Here, we present the draft genomes for four strains isolated from urine collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic female participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kula
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Grace Chilton
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James Damaso
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yusef Golzar
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Fatima Rushnaiwala
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Helen Appleberry
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alan J Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, USA
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, USA
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6
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Zhao X, Shi W, Li Z, Zhang W. Linking reproductive tract microbiota to premature ovarian insufficiency: Pathophysiological mechanisms and therapies. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 166:104325. [PMID: 39265315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, research on the human microbiota has become a hot topic. Among them, the female reproductive tract (FRT) also has a specific microbiota that maintains the body's health and dynamic balance, especially in the reproductive aspect. When the FRT ecosystem is dysregulated, changes in immune and metabolic signals can lead to pathological and physiological changes such as chronic inflammation, epithelial barrier disruption, changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis, and dysregulation of angiogenesis and metabolism, thereby causing disruption of the female endocrine system. Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), a clinical syndrome of ovarian dysfunction, is primarily influenced by immune, genetic, and environmental factors. New evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the FRT microbiota and/or the presence of specific bacteria may contribute to the occurrence and progression of POI. This influence occurs through both direct and indirect mechanisms, including the regulation of estrogen metabolism. The use of probiotics or microbiota transplantation to regulate the microbiome has also been proven to be beneficial in improving ovarian function and the quality of life in women with premature aging. This article provides an overview of the interrelationships and roles between the FRT microbiome and POI in recent years, to fully understand the risk factors affecting female reproductive health, and to offer insights for the future diagnosis, treatment, and application of the FRT microbiome in POI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of traditional Chinese medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China.
| | - Wenying Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of traditional Chinese medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China.
| | - Zhengyu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of traditional Chinese medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of traditional Chinese medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China.
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Qiao S, Yang J, Yang L. Association between Urinary Flora and Urinary Stones. Urol Int 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39236682 DOI: 10.1159/000540990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary system stones are a common clinical disease, with significant differences in incidence and recurrence rates between different countries and regions. The etiology and pathogenesis of urinary system stones have not been fully elucidated, but many studies have found that some bacteria and fungi that are difficult to detect in urine constitute a unique urinary microbiome. This special urinary microbiome is closely related to the occurrence and development of urinary system stones. By analyzing the urinary microbiome and its metabolic products, early diagnosis and treatment of urinary system stones can be carried out. SUMMARY This article reviews the relationship between the urinary microbiome and urinary system stones, discusses the impact of the microbiome on the formation of urinary system stones and its potential therapeutic value, with the aim of providing a reference for the early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of urinary system stones. KEY MESSAGES (i) Urinary stones are a common and recurrent disease, and there is no good way to prevent them. (ii) With advances in testing technology, studies have found that healthy human urine also contains various types of bacteria. (iii) Is there a potential connection between the urinary microbiota and urinary stones, and if so, can understanding these connections offer fresh perspectives and strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urinary stones?
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihang Qiao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,
| | - Jianwei Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Dalvi H, De Nisco NJ. The evolving world of the urinary microbiome. Curr Opin Urol 2024:00042307-990000000-00185. [PMID: 39224916 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000001222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The existence of urinary microbiome in healthy individuals is now widely accepted as the longstanding belief in urinary tract sterility was disproved over a decade ago. The urinary microbiome has since been implicated in multiple urologic conditions including urinary tract infection (UTI), urinary incontinence, and bladder cancer. This review relays new findings of urinary microbiome compositional changes associated with aging and UTI susceptibility. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advancements have established how the urinary microbiome changes over the lifespan. Studies finding distinct urinary microbiomes in prepubescent, reproductive age, and postmenopausal females have identified sex hormones as potential modulators of urinary microbiome composition and have identified prevalent species that may be markers of dysbiosis. Research in male children finds a cultivable urinary microbiota that varies with age or urologic history but not delivery mode. Emerging research also addresses the function of the urinary microbiota, including genetic factors associated with urinary tract colonization and interactions with uropathogens. SUMMARY The urinary microbiome is a promising therapeutic target for urologic disease. However, a more functional understanding is necessary for the development of microbiome-based therapies. Future research should develop accurate animal models and explore functional relationships between the urinary microbiome and the host environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrishikesh Dalvi
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson
| | - Nicole J De Nisco
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Gronsfeld V, Brutinel F, Egyptien S, Porsmoguer C, Hamaide A, Taminiau B, Daube G, Van de Weerdt ML, Deleuze S, Noel S. Evaluation of the vaginal and urinary microbiota of healthy cycling bitches. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:315. [PMID: 39010076 PMCID: PMC11247753 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04104-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the urogenital microbiota has recently been characterized in healthy male and female dogs, the influence of sex hormones on the urogenital microbiome of bitches is still unknown. A deeper understanding of the cyclic changes in urinary and vaginal microbiota would allow us to compare the bacterial populations in healthy dogs and assess the impact of the microbiome on various urogenital diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize and compare the urogenital microbiota during different phases of the estrous cycle in healthy female dogs. DNA extraction, 16 S rDNA library preparation, sequencing and informatic analysis were performed to determine the vaginal and urinary microbiota in 10 healthy beagle dogs at each phase of the estrous cycle. RESULTS There were no significant differences in alpha and beta diversity of the urinary microbiota across the different cycle phases. Similarly, alpha diversity, richness and evenness of vaginal bacterial populations were not significantly different across the cycle phases. However, there were significant differences in vaginal beta diversity between the different cycle phases, except for between anestrus and diestrus. CONCLUSION This study strongly suggests that estrogen influences the abundance of the vaginal microbiota in healthy female dogs, but does not appear to affect the urinary microbiome. Furthermore, our data facilitate a deeper understanding of the native urinary and vaginal microbiota in healthy female dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Gronsfeld
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Flore Brutinel
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sophie Egyptien
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Charles Porsmoguer
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Annick Hamaide
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Taminiau
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Georges Daube
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Stefan Deleuze
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Noel
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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10
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Atkins H, Sabharwal B, Boger L, Stegman N, Kula A, Wolfe AJ, Banerjee S, Putonti C. Evidence of Lactobacillus strains shared between the female urinary and vaginal microbiota. Microb Genom 2024; 10:001267. [PMID: 38949867 PMCID: PMC11316553 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus species are common inhabitants of the 'healthy' female urinary and vaginal communities, often associated with a lack of symptoms in both anatomical sites. Given identification by prior studies of similar bacterial species in both communities, it has been hypothesized that the two microbiotas are in fact connected. Here, we carried out whole-genome sequencing of 49 Lactobacillus strains, including 16 paired urogenital samples from the same participant. These strains represent five different Lactobacillus species: L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. iners, L. jensenii, and L. paragasseri. Average nucleotide identity (ANI), alignment, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and CRISPR comparisons between strains from the same participant were performed. We conducted simulations of genome assemblies and ANI comparisons and present a statistical method to distinguish between unrelated, related, and identical strains. We found that 50 % of the paired samples have identical strains, evidence that the urinary and vaginal communities are connected. Additionally, we found evidence of strains sharing a common ancestor. These results establish that microbial sharing between the urinary tract and vagina is not limited to uropathogens. Knowledge that these two anatomical sites can share lactobacilli in females can inform future clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Atkins
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Baani Sabharwal
- Department of Molecular Environmental Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Leah Boger
- Data Science Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Natalie Stegman
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexander Kula
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alan J. Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Swarnali Banerjee
- Data Science Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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Jeries LM, Sysoeva TA, Karstens L, Kelly MS. Synthesis of current pediatric urinary microbiome research. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1396408. [PMID: 38957777 PMCID: PMC11217333 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1396408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The human urinary bladder hosts a complex microbial community of low biomass referred to as the urobiome. While the composition of the urobiome has been investigated in adults for over a decade now, only a few studies have considered the presence and composition of the urobiome in children. It is critical to explore how the urobiome develops throughout the life span and how it changes in the presence of various health conditions. Therefore, we set to review the available data on pediatric urobiome composition and its development with age and disease. In addition, we focused on identifying and reporting specific gaps in our knowledge of the pediatric urobiome that we hope will be addressed by future studies in this swiftly developing field with fast-improving methods and consensus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla M. Jeries
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, United States
| | - Tatyana A. Sysoeva
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, United States
| | - Lisa Karstens
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Maryellen S. Kelly
- Division of Healthcare of Women and Children, School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Urology, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, United States
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12
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Chai TC, Wolfe AJ, Brubaker L. The Urinary Microbiome: Improving Diagnostics and Management of Urinary Tract Infections in Adult Females. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2024; 38:241-253. [PMID: 38729665 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
This article discusses the urinary microbiome in relation to urinary tract infection (UTI) in women. It makes biologic sense that the microbiota of different niches (bladder, vagina, and gut) interact with each other in health, as well as during a UTI event; however, these relationships remain poorly understood. Future research should close knowledge gaps regarding the interactions between the urinary microbiota and the host, amongst the microbiota of adjacent niches, and between the microbes within the same microbiota. The new knowledge should result in improved UTI treatment in the age of antibiotic stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby C Chai
- Department of Urology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, 725 Albany Street, Suite 3B, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Alan J Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Building 115, Room 215, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Linda Brubaker
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, University of California, 9300 Campus Point, Mail Code 7433, La Jolla, CA 92037-7433, USA
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13
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Simoni A, Schwartz L, Junquera GY, Ching CB, Spencer JD. Current and emerging strategies to curb antibiotic-resistant urinary tract infections. Nat Rev Urol 2024:10.1038/s41585-024-00877-9. [PMID: 38714857 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-024-00877-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Rising rates of antibiotic resistance in uropathogenic bacteria compromise patient outcomes and prolong hospital stays. Consequently, new strategies are needed to prevent and control the spread of antibiotic resistance in uropathogenic bacteria. Over the past two decades, sizeable clinical efforts and research advances have changed urinary tract infection (UTI) treatment and prevention strategies to conserve antibiotic use. The emergence of antimicrobial stewardship, policies from national societies, and the development of new antimicrobials have shaped modern UTI practices. Future UTI management practices could be driven by the evolution of antimicrobial stewardship, improved and readily available diagnostics, and an improved understanding of how the microbiome affects UTI. Forthcoming UTI treatment and prevention strategies could employ novel bactericidal compounds, combinations of new and classic antimicrobials that enhance bacterial killing, medications that prevent bacterial attachment to uroepithelial cells, repurposing drugs, and vaccines to curtail the rising rates of antibiotic resistance in uropathogenic bacteria and improve outcomes in people with UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Simoni
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, Nationwide Children's Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Laura Schwartz
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, Nationwide Children's Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Guillermo Yepes Junquera
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christina B Ching
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, Nationwide Children's Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Urology, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John David Spencer
- The Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, Nationwide Children's Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH, USA.
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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14
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Graziottin A, Di Simone N, Guarano A. Postpartum care: Clinical considerations for improving genital and sexual health. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 296:250-257. [PMID: 38484617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The postpartum period encompasses the biological and psychoaffective transition to motherhood. However, it remains a most neglected phase in a woman's life. Furthermore, the transition to parenthood is a critical and potentially disrupting factor in a couple's relationship, which can be complicated by undiagnosed biological and psychosexual difficulties. Lack of recognition of the many biological and medical factors that can affect women's health and sexuality in the postpartum period is a common and persistent clinical omission worldwide. Communication difficulties exist between healthcare professionals and women and there are wording biases in describing female genitalia. This can further contribute to the diagnostic lack of attention and timely diagnosis and treatment of even very bothersome symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment of common postpartum conditions is vital and quality care for new mothers should include psychological and emotional support, lactation assistance, early diagnosis and treatment of genital and sexual pain symptoms, pelvic floor rehabilitation and sexual health guidance. The inclusion of correct genital hygiene practices is a critical element of postpartum gynaecological counselling and can help improve overall genital and sexual health. In this review, we summarise the variability in global professional guidelines for postpartum care, identify common health problems faced by postpartum women and discuss appropriate postpartum care. We pay specific attention to prominent biological or medical factors that can impact the emotional and psychosexual wellbeing of women and couples. The aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of sexual dysfunction, in particular sexual pain disorders, is therefore discussed with a pragmatic approach. Finally, the role of intimate hygiene care is discussed with special attention given to cleanser ingredients with solid scientific evidence to help clinicians adopt a more tailored approach with their clinical recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Graziottin
- Centre of Gynaecology and Medical Sexology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, San Raffaele Resnati Hospital, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; Specialty School, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Department, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; Alessandra Graziottin Foundation for the Cure and Care of Pain in Women, NPO, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Di Simone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alice Guarano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Milan, Italy.
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15
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Hs A. The Impact of Prevotella on Neurobiology in Aging: Deciphering Dendritic Cell Activity and Inflammatory Dynamics. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04156-x. [PMID: 38613648 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Prevotella species, notably Prevotella copri, significantly populate the human gut. In particular, P. copri is prevalent among non-Western populations with diets high in fiber. These species show complex relationships with diverse health aspects, associating with beneficial outcomes, including reduced visceral fat and improved glucose tolerance. Studies implicate various Prevotella species in specific diseases. Prevotella nigrescens and Porphyromonas gingivalis were linked to periodontal disease, promoting immune responses and influencing T helper type 17 (Th17) cells. Prevotella bivia was associated with bacterial vaginosis and a specific increase in activated cells in the vaginal mucosa. In contrast, they have shown substantial potential for inducing connective tissue degradation and alveolar bone resorption. Prevotella's role in neuroinflammatory disorders and autoinflammatory conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease has also been noted. The complex relationship between Prevotella and age-related conditions further extends to neurobiological changes in aging, with varying associations with Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other inflammatory conditions. Studies have also identified Prevotella to be implicated in cognitive decline in middle aged and the elderly. Future directions in this research area are anticipated to explore Prevotella-associated inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Investigating specific drug targets and immunomodulatory measures could lead to novel therapeutic strategies. Understanding how Prevotella-induced inflammation interacts with aging diseases would offer promising insights for treatments and interventions. This review urges ongoing research to discover therapeutic targets and mechanisms for moderating Prevotella-associated inflammation to further enhance our understanding and improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hs
- Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, K.R Road, Bangalore, 560002, Karnataka, India.
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16
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Occhino JA, Byrnes JN, Wu PY, Walther-Antonio MR, Chen J. Preoperative Vaginal Microbiome as a Predictor of Postoperative Urinary Tract Infection. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4069233. [PMID: 38659758 PMCID: PMC11042435 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4069233/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
This is a single Institute, prospective cohort study. We collected twenty- two postmenopausal women with pelvic organ prolapse planning to undergo vaginal hysterectomy with transvaginal pelvic reconstructive surgery, with or without a concomitant anti-incontinence procedure. Vaginal swabs and urine samples were longitudinally collected at five time points: preoperative consult visit (T1), day of surgery prior to surgical scrub (T2), immediately postoperative (T3), day of hospital discharge (T4), and at the postoperative exam visit (T5). Women experiencing urinary tract infection symptoms provided a sample set prior to antibiotic administration (T6). Microbiome analysis on vaginal and urinary specimens at each time point. Region V3-V5 of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified and sequenced. Sample DNA was analyzed with visit T1, T2, T5 and T6. Six (27.3%) participants developed postoperative urinary tract infection whose vaginal sample at first clinical visit (T1) revealed beta-diversity analysis with significant differences in microbiome structure and composition. Women diagnosed with a postoperative urinary tract infection had a vaginal microbiome characterized by low abundance of Lactobacillus and high prevalence of Prevotella and Gardnerella species. In our cohort, preoperative vaginal swabs can predict who will develop a urinary tract infection following transvaginal surgery for pelvic organ prolapse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pei-Ying Wu
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University
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17
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Lou K, Chi J, Wu J, Ma J, Liu S, Cui Y. Research progress on the microbiota in bladder cancer tumors. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1374944. [PMID: 38650736 PMCID: PMC11033431 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1374944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbiota, also referred to as the microbial community, is a crucial component of the human microenvironment. It is located predominantly in various organs, including the intestines, skin, oral cavity, respiratory tract, and reproductive tract. The microbiota maintains a symbiotic relationship with the human body, influencing physiological and pathological functions to a significant degree. There is increasing evidence linking the microbial flora to human cancers. In contrast to the traditional belief that the urethra and urine of normal individuals are sterile, recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing technology and bacterial cultivation methods have led to the discovery of specific microbial communities in the urethras of healthy individuals. Given the prevalence of bladder cancer (BCa) as a common malignancy of the urinary system, researchers have shifted their focus to exploring the connection between disease development and the unique microbial community within tumors. This shift has led to a deeper investigation into the role of microbiota in the onset, progression, metastasis, prognosis, and potential for early detection of BCa. This article reviews the existing research on the microbiota within BCa tumors and summarizes the findings regarding the roles of different microbes in various aspects of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyuan Lou
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Junpeng Chi
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jitao Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuanshan Cui
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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18
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Li J, Li Y, Zhou L, Li C, Liu J, Liu D, Fu Y, Wang Y, Tang J, Zhou L, Tan S, Wang L. The human microbiome and benign prostatic hyperplasia: Current understandings and clinical implications. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127596. [PMID: 38215640 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The research of the human microbiome in the preceding decade has yielded novel perspectives on human health and diseases. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly males, which negatively affects the life quality. Existing evidence has indicated that the human microbiome, including urinary, intra-prostate, gut, oral and blood microbiome may exert a significant impact on the natural progression of BPH. The dysbiosis of the microbiome may induce inflammation at either a local or systemic level, thereby affecting the BPH. Moreover, metabolic syndrome (MetS) caused by the microbiome can also be involved in the development of BPH. Additionally, alterations in the microbiome composition during the senility process may serve as another cause of the BPH. Here, we summarize the influence of human microbiome on BPH and explore how the microbiome is linked to BPH through inflammation, MetS, and senility. In addition, we propose promising areas of investigation and discuss the implications for advancing therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaren Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Youyou Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Dingwen Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yunlong Fu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yichuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shuo Tan
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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19
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Du J, Khemmani M, Halverson T, Ene A, Limeira R, Tinawi L, Hochstedler-Kramer BR, Noronha MF, Putonti C, Wolfe AJ. Cataloging the phylogenetic diversity of human bladder bacterial isolates. Genome Biol 2024; 25:75. [PMID: 38515176 PMCID: PMC10958879 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the human bladder is reported to harbor unique microbiota, our understanding of how these microbial communities interact with their human hosts is limited, mostly owing to the lack of isolates to test mechanistic hypotheses. Niche-specific bacterial collections and associated reference genome databases have been instrumental in expanding knowledge of the microbiota of other anatomical sites, such as the gut and oral cavity. RESULTS To facilitate genomic, functional, and experimental analyses of the human bladder microbiota, we present a bladder-specific bacterial isolate reference collection comprising 1134 genomes, primarily from adult females. These genomes were culled from bacterial isolates obtained by a metaculturomic method from bladder urine collected by transurethral catheterization. This bladder-specific bacterial isolate reference collection includes 196 different species, including representatives of major aerobes and facultative anaerobes, as well as some anaerobes. It captures 72.2% of the genera found when re-examining previously published 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 392 adult female bladder urine samples. Comparative genomic analysis finds that the taxonomies and functions of the bladder microbiota share more similarities with the vaginal microbiota than the gut microbiota. Whole-genome phylogenetic and functional analyses of 186 bladder Escherichia coli isolates and 387 gut Escherichia coli isolates support the hypothesis that phylogroup distribution and functions of Escherichia coli strains differ dramatically between these two very different niches. CONCLUSIONS This bladder-specific bacterial isolate reference collection is a unique resource that will enable bladder microbiota research and comparison to isolates from other anatomical sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Du
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
- Present address: Division of Nutritional Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Mark Khemmani
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Thomas Halverson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Adriana Ene
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Roberto Limeira
- Loyola Genomics Facility, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Lana Tinawi
- Loyola Genomics Facility, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Baylie R Hochstedler-Kramer
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Melline Fontes Noronha
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Alan J Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
- Loyola Genomics Facility, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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20
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Carnes MU, Siddiqui NY, Karstens L, Gantz MG, Dinwiddie DL, Sung VW, Bradley M, Brubaker L, Ferrando CA, Mazloomdoost D, Richter HE, Rogers RG, Smith AL, Komesu YM. Urinary microbiome community types associated with urinary incontinence severity in women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 230:344.e1-344.e20. [PMID: 38937257 PMCID: PMC11211640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary microbiome (urobiome) studies have previously reported on specific taxa and community differences in women with mixed urinary incontinence compared with controls. Therefore, a hypothesis was made that higher urinary and vaginal microbiome diversity would be associated with increased urinary incontinence severity. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test whether specific urinary or vaginal microbiome community types are associated with urinary incontinence severity in a population of women with mixed urinary incontinence. STUDY DESIGN This planned secondary, cross-sectional analysis evaluated associations between the urinary and vaginal microbiomes and urinary incontinence severity in a subset of Effects of Surgical Treatment Enhanced With Exercise for Mixed Urinary Incontinence trial participants with urinary incontinence. Incontinence severity was measured using bladder diaries and Urinary Distress Inventory questionnaires collected at baseline. Catheterized urine samples and vaginal swabs were concurrently collected before treatment at baseline to assess the urinary and vaginal microbiomes. Of note, 16S rRNA V4 to V6 variable regions were sequenced, characterizing bacterial taxa to the genus level using the DADA2 pipeline and SILVA database. Using Dirichlet multinomial mixtures methods, samples were clustered into community types based on core taxa. Associations between community types and severity measures (Urinary Distress Inventory total scores, Urinary Distress Inventory subscale scores, and the number of urinary incontinence episodes [total, urgency, and stress] from the bladder diary) were evaluated using linear regression models adjusted for age and body mass index. In addition, alpha diversity measures for richness (total taxa numbers) and evenness (proportional distribution of taxa abundance) were analyzed for associations with urinary incontinence episodes and community type. RESULTS Overall, 6 urinary microbiome community types were identified, characterized by varying levels of common genera (Lactobacillus, Gardnerella, Prevotella, Tepidimonas, Acidovorax, Escherichia, and others). The analysis of urinary incontinence severity in 126 participants with mixed urinary incontinence identified a Lactobacillus-dominated reference group with the highest abundance of Lactobacillus (mean relative abundance of 76%). A community characterized by fewer Lactobacilli (mean relative abundance of 19%) and greater alpha diversity was associated with higher total urinary incontinence episodes (2.67 daily leaks; 95% confidence interval, 0.76-4.59; P=.007) and urgency urinary incontinence episodes (1.75 daily leaks; 95% confidence interval, 0.24-3.27; P=.02) than the reference group. No significant association was observed between community type and stress urinary incontinence episodes or Urogenital Distress Inventory total or subscores. The composition of vaginal community types and urinary community types were similar but composed of slightly different bacterial taxa. Vaginal community types were not associated with urinary incontinence severity, as measured by bladder diary or Urogenital Distress Inventory total and subscale scores. Alpha diversity indicated that greater sample richness was associated with more incontinence episodes (observed genera P=.01) in urine. Measures of evenness (Shannon and Pielou) were not associated with incontinence severity in the urinary or vaginal microbiomes. CONCLUSION In the urobiome of women with mixed urinary incontinence, a community type with fewer Lactobacilli and more diverse bacteria was associated with more severe urinary incontinence episodes (total and urgency) compared with a community type with high predominance of a single genus, Lactobacillus. Whether mixed urinary incontinence severity is due to lesser predominance of Lactobacillus, greater presence of other non-Lactobacillus genera, or the complement of bacteria consisting of urobiome community types remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan U Carnes
- Social, Statistical, and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC.
| | - Nazema Y Siddiqui
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Lisa Karstens
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biomedicine; Division of Urogynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Marie G Gantz
- Social, Statistical, and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Darrell L Dinwiddie
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Vivian W Sung
- Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Megan Bradley
- Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Linda Brubaker
- Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Cecile A Ferrando
- Center for Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery, Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Donna Mazloomdoost
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD
| | - Holly E Richter
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Rebecca G Rogers
- Division of Urology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY
| | - Ariana L Smith
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yuko M Komesu
- Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences and Services Building, Albuquerque, NM
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21
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Araujo R, Merino-Ribas A, Pereira L, Campos J, Silva N, Alencastre IS, Pestana M, Sampaio-Maia B. The urogenital microbiome in chronic kidney disease patients on peritoneal dialysis. Nefrologia 2024; 44:194-203. [PMID: 38697697 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Diabetes, dyslipidemia, older age, gender, urinary tract infections, and recent antibiotic intake have been associated with a decrease in the urobiome richness and other fluctuations in this microbiome. Gut and blood microbiome have been reported to be altered in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and specifically in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Still, there are currently no studies describing the urogenital microbiome in CKD-PD patients. In this study we characterized the urobiome profile in 46 PD patients and analyzed its clinical and inflammatory parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mid-stream urine, fecal and blood samples were collected from 46 patients undergoing PD at Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ) in Porto, Portugal. Exclusion criteria were age under 18 years old, inability to give informed consent, history of infection in the last three months, and antibiotic intake in the last three months. The microbiome communities were analyzed by amplification and sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Correlations with the patients' clinical data and inflammatory profile were performed. RESULTS CKD-PD patients presented a unique urobiome profile dominated by Bacillota, Actinomycetota and Pseudomonadota and characterized by a lower Shannon diversity than fecal and blood microbiome. The taxonomic profiles of urogenital samples were organized in multiple subtypes dominated by populations of Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Gardnerella, Prevotella, Escherichia-Shigella, being similar to other non-PD-CKD patients. Gender, sCD14, residual diuresis and history of peritonitis were significantly associated to variations in the urobiome. Although not reaching statistical significance, diabetes and the time on PD also showed association with particular taxonomic groups. Depletion of Gardnerella, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus or Dermabacter populations correlated with CKD-PD patients with history of diabetes, history of peritonitis and altered levels of sCD14. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight urogenital microbiome as a potential partner and/or marker in the overall health state of CKD-PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Araujo
- Nephrology & Infectious Diseases R&D Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Merino-Ribas
- Nephrology & Infectious Diseases R&D Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luciano Pereira
- Nephrology & Infectious Diseases R&D Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Nephrology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Campos
- Nephrology & Infectious Diseases R&D Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nádia Silva
- Nephrology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Soares Alencastre
- Nephrology & Infectious Diseases R&D Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Pestana
- Nephrology & Infectious Diseases R&D Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Nephrology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Benedita Sampaio-Maia
- Nephrology & Infectious Diseases R&D Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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22
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Li X, Tang Y, Xu Z, Lin H, Wei S, Sheng J, Hu L, Wang S, Zhao Y, Li Z, Fu C, Gu Y, Wei Q, Liu F, Feng N, Chen W. Impact of coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus on the urinary microbiota of kidney stone patients. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16920. [PMID: 38426133 PMCID: PMC10903351 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) commonly complicates kidney stone disease (KSD). Our objective is to investigate the variations in the urinary microbiota between individuals with KSD alone and those with KSD plus T2DM. This exploration could have implications for disease diagnosis and treatment strategies. Methods During lithotripsy, a ureterscope was employed, and 1 mL of urine was collected from the renal pelvis after bladder disinfection. Sequencing targeting the V3-V4 hypervariable region was performed using the 16S rRNA and Illumina Novaseq platform. Results The Shannon index showed a significant decrease in the KSD plus T2DM group compared to the KSD-only group (false discovery rate = 0.041). Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) demonstrated a distinct bacterial community in the KSD plus T2DM group compared to the KSD-only group (false discovery rate = 0.027). The abundance of Sphingomonas, Corynebacterium, and Lactobacillus was significantly higher in the KSD plus T2DM group than in the KSD-only group (false discovery rate < 0.05). Furthermore, Enhydrobacter, Chryseobacterium, and Allobaculum were positively correlated with fasting blood glucose and HbA1c values (P < 0.05). Conclusions The urinary microbiota in the renal pelvis exhibits differences between patients with KSD plus T2DM and those with KSD alone. Further studies employing animal models are necessary to validate these distinctions, potentially paving the way for therapeutic developments based on the urinary microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yifan Tang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhenyi Xu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shichao Wei
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiayi Sheng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chaowei Fu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yifeng Gu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qun Wei
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengping Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Weiguo Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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23
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Dong YH, Luo YH, Liu CJ, Huang WY, Feng L, Zou XY, Zhou JY, Li XR. Changes in microbial composition and interaction patterns of female urogenital tract and rectum in response to HPV infection. J Transl Med 2024; 22:125. [PMID: 38303030 PMCID: PMC10832222 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04916-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that changes in the microbial community of the female urogenital tract are associated with Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, research on this association was mostly focused on a single site, and there are currently few joint studies on HPV infection and multiple sites in the female urogenital tract. METHODS We selected 102 healthy women from Yunnan Province as the research object, collected cervical exfoliation fluid, vaginal, urethral, and rectal swabs for microbial community analysis, and measured bacterial load, and related cytokine content. The link between HPV, microbiota, and inflammation was comprehensively evaluated using bioinformatics methods. FINDINGS The impact of HPV infection on the microbial composition of different parts varies. We have identified several signature bacterial genera that respond to HPV infection in several detection sites, such as Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, Campylobacter, and Cutibacterium have been detected in multiple sites, reflecting their potential significance in cross body sites HPV infection responses. There was a solid microbial interaction network between the cervix, vagina, and urethra. The interrelationships between inflammatory factors and different bacterial genera might also affect the immune system's response to HPV infection. INTERPRETATION It might be an effective strategy to prevent and treat HPV infection by simultaneously understanding the correlation between the microbial changes in multiple parts of the female urogenital tract and rectum and HPV infection, and controlling the microbial network related to HPV infection in different parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hong Dong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu-Hua Luo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen-Jian Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen-Yu Huang
- Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Guangdong Hybribio Biotech Co., Ltd., Chaozhou, 521000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing-Yuan Zou
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin-Yan Zhou
- Pediatrics Department, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xiao-Ran Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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24
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Jirillo E, Palmirotta R, Colella M, Santacroce L. A Bird's-Eye View of the Pathophysiologic Role of the Human Urobiota in Health and Disease: Can We Modulate It? PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024; 31:52-67. [PMID: 38390942 PMCID: PMC10885084 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology31010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
For a long time, urine has been considered sterile in physiological conditions, thanks to the particular structure of the urinary tract and the production of uromodulin or Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) by it. More recently, thanks to the development and use of new technologies, i.e., next-generation sequencing and expanded urine culture, the identification of a microbial community in the urine, the so-called urobiota, became possible. Major phyla detected in the urine are represented by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Particularly, the female urobiota is largely represented by Lactobacillus spp., which are very active against urinary pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli (UPEC) strains via the generation of lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Gut dysbiosis accounts for recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), so-called gut-bladder axis syndrome with the formation of intracellular bacterial communities in the course of acute cystitis. However, other chronic urinary tract infections are caused by bacterial strains of intestinal derivation. Monomicrobial and polymicrobial infections account for the outcome of acute and chronic UTIs, even including prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain. E. coli isolates have been shown to be more invasive and resistant to antibiotics. Probiotics, fecal microbial transplantation, phage therapy, antimicrobial peptides, and immune-mediated therapies, even including vaccines for the treatment of UTIs, will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Jirillo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Marica Colella
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
- Doctoral School, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
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25
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Elsayed NS, Wolfe AJ, Burk RD. Urine microbiome in individuals with an impaired immune system. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1308665. [PMID: 38274734 PMCID: PMC10808152 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1308665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
With the advent of next generation sequencing, it is now appreciated that human urine is not sterile. Recent investigations of the urinary microbiome (urobiome) have provided insights into several urological diseases. Urobiome dysbiosis, defined as non-optimal urine microbiome composition, has been observed in many disorders; however, it is not clear whether this dysbiosis is the cause of urinary tract disorders or a consequence. In addition, immunologically altered disorders are associated with higher rates of urinary tract infections. These disorders include immunoproliferative and immunodeficiency diseases, cancer, and immunosuppressant therapy in transplant recipients. In this review, we examine the current state of knowledge of the urobiome in immunologically altered diseases, its composition and metabolomic consequences. We conclude that more data are required to describe the urobiome in immune altered states, knowledge that could facilitate understanding the role of the urobiome and its pathophysiological effects on urinary tract infections and other disorders of the urinary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha S. Elsayed
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Alan J. Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Robert D. Burk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Epidemiology and Population Health, and Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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26
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Reasoner SA, Flores V, Van Horn G, Morales G, Peard LM, Abelson B, Manuel C, Lee J, Baker B, Williams T, Schmitz JE, Clayton DB, Hadjifrangiskou M. Survey of the infant male urobiome and genomic analysis of Actinotignum spp. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:91. [PMID: 38040700 PMCID: PMC10692110 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The urinary bladder harbors a community of microbes termed the urobiome, which remains understudied. In this study, we present the urobiome of healthy infant males from samples collected by transurethral catheterization. Using a combination of enhanced culture and amplicon sequencing, we identify several common bacterial genera that can be further investigated for their effects on urinary health across the lifespan. Many genera were shared between all samples suggesting a consistent urobiome composition among this cohort. We note that, for this cohort, early life exposures including mode of birth (vaginal vs. Cesarean section), or prior antibiotic exposure did not influence urobiome composition. In addition, we report the isolation of culturable bacteria from the bladders of these infant males, including Actinotignum spp., a bacterial genus that has been associated with urinary tract infections in older male adults. Herein, we isolate and sequence 9 distinct strains of Actinotignum spp. enhancing the genomic knowledge surrounding this genus and opening avenues for delineating the microbiology of this urobiome constituent. Furthermore, we present a framework for using the combination of culture-dependent and sequencing methodologies for uncovering mechanisms in the urobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth A Reasoner
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Viktor Flores
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gerald Van Horn
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Personalized Microbiology (CPMi), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Grace Morales
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leslie M Peard
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Benjamin Abelson
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Carmila Manuel
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jessica Lee
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bailey Baker
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Timothy Williams
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jonathan E Schmitz
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Personalized Microbiology (CPMi), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Douglass B Clayton
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Maria Hadjifrangiskou
- Division of Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Center for Personalized Microbiology (CPMi), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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27
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Galbarczyk A, Marcinkowska UM, Klimek M, Jasienska G. Extreme pubic hair removal as a potential risk factor for recurrent urinary tract infections in women. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19045. [PMID: 37923873 PMCID: PMC10624866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infections experienced by women. Previously, scalp and facial hair in men have been shown to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Here we hypothesize that having hairy genitalia might protect women from UTI. This study investigated grooming habits and occurrence of UTIs in the past 12 months in 2409 women (aged 18-45). Women who reported removing all their pubic hair at least weekly were defined as extreme groomers (66.8%). We collected additional information on covariates including age, having a first UTI at or before age 15, spermicide use, having a new sex partner, and frequency of sexual intercourse during the past year. Extreme grooming was not associated with the risk of being diagnosed with UTI (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.90-1.52), but was associated with a higher risk of recurrent UTIs, defined as three or more UTIs within 12 months (OR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.35-7.06), after controlling for age, history of UTIs, and sexual practices. Other studies have found that hygienic purposes are the most common motivations for pubic hair removal. These results suggest that along with their pubes, women may be getting rid of important microbial niche and protection against recurrent UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Galbarczyk
- Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Urszula M Marcinkowska
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Klimek
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grazyna Jasienska
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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28
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Haley E, Luke N, Korman H, Baunoch D, Wang D, Zhao X, Mathur M. Improving Patient Outcomes While Reducing Empirical Treatment with Multiplex-Polymerase-Chain-Reaction/Pooled-Antibiotic-Susceptibility-Testing Assay for Complicated and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3060. [PMID: 37835804 PMCID: PMC10573050 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compared rates of empirical-therapy use and negative patient outcomes between complicated and recurrent urinary tract infection (r/cUTI) cases diagnosed with a multiplex polymerase chain reaction or pooled antibiotic susceptibility testing (M-PCR/P-AST) vs. standard urine culture (SUC). Subjects were 577 symptomatic adults (n = 207 males and n = 370 females) presenting to urology/urogynecology clinics between 03/30/2022 and 05/24/2023. Treatment and outcomes were recorded by the clinician and patient surveys. The M-PCR/P-AST (n = 252) and SUC (n = 146) arms were compared after patient matching for confounding factors. The chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to analyze demographics and clinical outcomes between study arms. Reduced empirical-treatment use (28.7% vs. 66.7%), lower composite negative events (34.5% vs. 46.6%, p = 0.018), and fewer individual negative outcomes of UTI-related medical provider visits and UTI-related visits for hospitalization/an urgent care center/an emergency room (p < 0.05) were observed in the M-PCR/P-AST arm compared with the SUC arm. A reduction in UTI symptom recurrence in patients ≥ 60 years old was observed in the M-PCR/P-AST arm (p < 0.05). Study results indicate that use of the M-PCR/P-AST test reduces empirical antibiotic treatment and negative patient outcomes in r/cUTI cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emery Haley
- Department of Clinical Research, Pathnostics, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (E.H.); (N.L.)
| | - Natalie Luke
- Department of Clinical Research, Pathnostics, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (E.H.); (N.L.)
| | - Howard Korman
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Urology—A Division of Michigan Healthcare Professionals, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA;
| | - David Baunoch
- Department of Research and Development, Pathnostics, Irvine, CA 92618, USA;
| | - Dakun Wang
- Department of Scientific Writing, Stat4Ward, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA;
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- Department of Statistical Analysis, Stat4Ward, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA;
| | - Mohit Mathur
- Department of Medical Affairs, Pathnostics, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
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29
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Ene A, Banerjee S, Wolfe AJ, Putonti C. Exploring the genotypic and phenotypic differences distinguishing Lactobacillus jensenii and Lactobacillus mulieris. mSphere 2023; 8:e0056222. [PMID: 37366621 PMCID: PMC10449518 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00562-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus iners, and Lactobacillus jensenii are dominant species of the urogenital microbiota. Prior studies suggest that these Lactobacillus species play a significant role in the urobiome of healthy females. In our prior genomic analysis of all publicly available L. jensenii and Lactobacillus mulieris genomes at the time (n = 43), we identified genes unique to these two closely related species. This motivated our further exploration here into their genotypic differences as well as into their phenotypic differences. First, we expanded genome sequence representatives of both species to 61 strains, including publicly available strains and nine new strains sequenced here. Genomic analyses conducted include phylogenetics of the core genome as well as biosynthetic gene cluster analysis and metabolic pathway analyses. Urinary strains of both species were assayed for their ability to utilize four simple carbohydrates. We found that L. jensenii strains can efficiently catabolize maltose, trehalose, and glucose, but not ribose, and L. mulieris strains can utilize maltose and glucose, but not trehalose and ribose. Metabolic pathway analysis clearly shows the lack of treB within L. mulieris strains, indicative of its inability to catabolize external sources of trehalose. While genotypic and phenotypic observations provide insight into the differences between these two species, we did not find any association with urinary symptom status. Through this genomic and phenotypic investigation, we identify markers that can be leveraged to clearly distinguish these two species in investigations of the female urogenital microbiota. IMPORTANCE We have expanded upon our prior genomic analysis of L. jensenii and L. mulieris strains, including nine new genome sequences. Our bioinformatic analysis finds that L. jensenii and L. mulieris cannot be distinguished by short-read 16S rRNA gene sequencing alone. Thus, to discriminate between these two species, future studies of the female urogenital microbiome should employ metagenomic sequencing and/or sequence species-specific genes, such as those identified here. Our bioinformatic examination also confirmed our prior observations of differences between the two species related to genes associated with carbohydrate utilization, which we tested here. We found that the transport and utilization of trehalose are key distinguishing traits of L. jensenii, which is further supported by our metabolic pathway analysis. In contrast with other urinary Lactobacillus species, we did not find strong evidence for either species, nor particular genotypes, to be associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (or the lack thereof).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ene
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Swarnali Banerjee
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alan J. Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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30
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Groah SL, Rounds AK, Pérez-Losada M. Intravesical Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Alters Urobiome Composition and Diversity Among People With Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2023; 29:44-57. [PMID: 38076286 PMCID: PMC10644857 DOI: 10.46292/sci23-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Neurogenic bladder is associated with bacterial colonization and frequent urinary tract infections. Objectives To explore the effects of one to two doses of intravesical Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on the urobiomes of adults with spinal cord injury/disease (SCI/D) who manage their bladders with intermittent catheterization (IC). Methods This was a pilot substudy within an 18-month phase 1 clinical trial of self-instilled intravesical LGG for urinary symptoms as directed by the Self-Management Protocol using Probiotics (SMP-Pro). Urine samples were collected monthly when participants were asymptomatic. When SMP-Pro "trigger" symptoms (cloudier and/or more foul-smelling urine) occurred, urine samples were collected immediately pre-LGG instillation and 24 to 48 hours after LGG instillation. Urine was collected via a new catheter, immediately placed on ice/freezer, and processed within 12 hours. Genomic DNA was isolated, and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene was amplified and high throughput sequenced. Amplicon sequence variants were inferred and bacterial composition, community structure, and variation across clinical phenotypes were determined. Results 126 urine samples were collected from 26 participants (SCI/D = 23; multiple sclerosis = 2; spina bifida = 1) between 20 and 57 years of age. The urobiomes were characterized by four dominant phyla (>1%): Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria, which were comprised of six dominant genera (>3%): Escherichia/Shigella (29.1%), Klebsiella (22.4%), Proteus (15.2%), Aerococcus (6.3%), Streptococcus (6.0%), and Pluralibacter (3.0%). Post-LGG samples were associated with a decline in Escherichia/Shigella predominance (p < .001) and altered bacterial diversity (p < .05). Conclusion Among people with SCI/D who use IC, intravesical LGG alters the bacterial composition and diversity of the urine ecosystem, potentially disrupting the uropathogenic urobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne L. Groah
- MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Amanda K. Rounds
- MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland
| | - Marcos Pérez-Losada
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
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31
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Deen NS, Ahmed A, Tasnim NT, Khan N. Clinical relevance of expanded quantitative urine culture in health and disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1210161. [PMID: 37593764 PMCID: PMC10428011 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1210161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
"Expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC)" is an enhanced culture protocol for the detection of viable microbes in urine specimens. Using a large volume of urine and different sets of cultural conditions, EQUC is able to uncover a wide range of bacteria and fungi (yeasts) that were otherwise undetected by the standard urinary culture. In addition to common urinary pathogens, EQUC has been shown to detect emerging and new pathogens, and commensal microbiota. Although the usefulness of EQUC protocol in clinical set up has not yet been fully established, recent studies have demonstrated that EQUC can provide valuable information regarding symptom resolution, treatment responses and diagnosis of major urinary disorders including urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence and other lower urinary tract symptoms. EQUC may also help in evaluating the utility of beneficial microbiota as biotherapeutics. This narrative minireview describes the current research findings regarding the clinical utility of EQUC in characterizing the role of urinary microbiome and uropathogens in health and disease. The literature which are written in English, available on "PubMed" and contain any of the terms- "expanded quantitative urine culture", "enhanced quantitative urine culture" and "EQUC" in the abstracts were used as the source articles to prepare this minireview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia S. Deen
- Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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32
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Kim YB, Whon TW, Kim JY, Kim J, Kim Y, Lee SH, Park SE, Kim EJ, Son HS, Roh SW. In-depth metataxonomic investigation reveals low richness, high intervariability, and diverse phylotype candidates of archaea in the human urogenital tract. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11746. [PMID: 37474649 PMCID: PMC10359320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38710-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The urogenital microbiota is the potential principal factor in the pathophysiology of urinary tract infection and the protection of urinary tract health. Little is known about the urogenital archaeome although several reports have indicated that the archaeomes of various regions of the human body are associated with health. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the presence and diversity of archaeomes in the human urogenital tract. To explore the urogenital archaeome, voided urine specimens from 373 asymptomatic Korean individuals were used. No difference was observed in body mass index, age, or gender, according to presence of archaea. Analysis of archaeal 16S rRNA gene amplicons of archaea positive samples consisted of simple community structures, including diverse archaea, such as the phyla Methanobacteriota, Thermoproteota, and Halobacteriota. Asymptomatic individuals showed high participant-dependent intervariability in their urogenital archaeomes. The mean relative archaeal abundance was estimated to be 0.89%, and fluorescence in situ hybridisation micrographs provided evidence of archaeal cells in the human urogenital tract. In addition, the urogenital archaeome shared partial taxonomic compositional characteristics with those of the other body sites. In this study, Methanobacteriota, Thermoproteota, and Halobacteriota were suggested as inhabitants of the human urogenital tract, and a distinct human urogenital archaeome was characterised. These findings expand our knowledge of archaea-host associations in the human urogenital tract and may lead to novel insights into the role of archaea in urinary tract health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Bee Kim
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Whon
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yong Kim
- Microbiome Research Team, LISCure Biosciences Inc, Gyeonggi-do, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Juseok Kim
- Microbiome Research Team, LISCure Biosciences Inc, Gyeonggi-do, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hee Lee
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Seok Son
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Woon Roh
- Microbiome Research Team, LISCure Biosciences Inc, Gyeonggi-do, 13486, Republic of Korea.
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Jaworska MM, Pecyna P, Jaskiewicz K, Rydzanicz M, Kaluzna M, Pawlaczyk K, Ploski R, Nowak-Malczewska DM, Karolak JA, Gajecka M. Differences in the composition of the bacterial element of the urinary tract microbiome in patients undergoing dialysis and patients after kidney transplantation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1187625. [PMID: 37350786 PMCID: PMC10282556 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1187625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The development of molecular biology methods and their application in microbial research allowed the detection of many new pathogens that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs). Despite the advances of using new research techniques, the etiopathogenesis of UTIs, especially in patients undergoing dialysis and patients after kidney transplantation, is still not fully understood. Methods This study aimed to characterize and compare the composition of the bacterial element of the urinary tract microbiome between the groups of patients undergoing dialysis (n = 50) and patients after kidney transplantation (n = 50), with positive or negative urine culture, compared to healthy individuals (n = 50). Results Asymptomatic bacteriuria was observed in 30% of the urine cultures of patients undergoing dialysis and patients after kidney transplantation, with Escherichia coli as the most dominant microorganism (73%) detected with the use of classical microbiology techniques. However, differences in the bacterial composition of the urine samples between the evaluated patient groups were demonstrated using the amplicon sequencing. Finegoldia, Leptotrichia, and Corynebacterium were found to be discriminative bacteria genera in patients after dialysis and kidney transplantation compared to the control group. In addition, in all of urine samples, including those without bacteriuria in classical urine culture, many types of bacteria have been identified using 16S rRNA sequencing. Discussion The revealed microbial characteristics may form the basis in searching for new diagnostic markers in treatment of patients undergoing dialysis and patients after kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina M. Jaworska
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Pecyna
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Malgorzata Kaluzna
- Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pawlaczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Rafal Ploski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota M. Nowak-Malczewska
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Justyna A. Karolak
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marzena Gajecka
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Du J, Khemmani M, Halverson T, Ene A, Limeira R, Tinawi L, Hochstedler-Kramer BR, Noronha MF, Putonti C, Wolfe AJ. Cataloging the Phylogenetic Diversity of Human Bladder Bacterial Isolates. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.23.541916. [PMID: 37292924 PMCID: PMC10245883 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.23.541916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the human bladder is reported to harbor unique microbiota, our understanding of how these microbial communities interact with their human hosts is limited, mostly owing to the lack of isolates to test mechanistic hypotheses. Niche-specific bacterial collections and associated reference genome databases have been instrumental in expanding knowledge of the microbiota of other anatomical sites, e.g., the gut and oral cavity. To facilitate genomic, functional, and experimental analyses of the human bladder microbiota, here we present a bladder-specific bacterial reference collection comprised of 1134 genomes. These genomes were culled from bacterial isolates obtained by a metaculturomic method from bladder urine collected by transurethral catheterization. This bladder-specific bacterial reference collection includes 196 different species, including representatives of major aerobes and facultative anaerobes, as well as some anaerobes. It captures 72.2 % of the genera found when we reexamined previously published 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 392 adult female bladder urine samples. Comparative genomic analysis found that the taxonomies and functions of the bladder microbiota shared more similarities with the vaginal microbiota than the gut microbiota. Whole-genome phylogenetic and functional analyses of 186 bladder E. coli isolates and 387 gut E. coli isolates supports the hypothesis that phylogroup distribution and functions of E. coli strains differ dramatically between these two very different niches. This bladder-specific bacterial reference collection is a unique resource that will enable hypothesis-driven bladder microbiota research and comparison to isolates from other anatomical sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Du
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
| | - Mark Khemmani
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
| | - Thomas Halverson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
| | - Adriana Ene
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660
| | - Roberto Limeira
- Loyola Genomics Facility, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
| | - Lana Tinawi
- Loyola Genomics Facility, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
| | - Baylie R. Hochstedler-Kramer
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
| | - Melline Fontes Noronha
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660
| | - Alan J. Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
- Loyola Genomics Facility, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
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Xia S, Li S, Li H. HPV-infection status and urinary incontinence: a population-based analysis of the NHANES 2005-2016. World J Urol 2023:10.1007/s00345-023-04425-9. [PMID: 37198518 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Urinary incontinence is a common condition and reduces the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between HPV infection and urinary incontinence among adult women in the USA. METHODS We examined a cross-sectional study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. Women who had valid HPV DNA vaginal swab test results and answered the questionnaire about urinary incontinence were selected from six consecutive survey cycles (2005-2006 to 2015-2016). The association between HPV status and urinary incontinence was analyzed using weighted logistic regression. Models adjusted for potential variables were established. RESULTS In total, 8348 females aged between 20 and 59 years old were enrolled in this study. 47.8% of participants had a history of urinary incontinence and 43.9% of women were HPV DNA positive. After adjusting for all confounders, women with HPV infection were less likely to have urinary incontinence (OR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.78-0.98). Low-risk HPV infection correlated with a lower incidence of incontinence (OR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.77-1.00). For women aged below 40 years, low-risk HPV infection negatively correlated with stress incontinence (20-29ys: OR = 0.67, 95%CI 0.49-0.94; 30-39ys: OR = 0.71, 95%CI 0.54-0.93). However, low-risk HPV infection positively correlated with stress incontinence (OR = 1.40, 95%CI 1.01-1.95) for women 50-59 years old. CONCLUSION This study revealed a negative association between HPV infection and urinary incontinence in females. Low-risk HPV correlated with stress urinary incontinence, with the reverse trend for participants of different ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xia
- Department of Urology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Shujie Li
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Kim WB. Differences in Urine Microbiome of Acute Cystitis and Chronic Recurrent Cystitis in Women. UROGENITAL TRACT INFECTION 2023; 18:1-7. [DOI: 10.14777/uti.2023.18.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Woong Bin Kim
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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Crum E, Merchant Z, Ene A, Miller-Ensminger T, Johnson G, Wolfe AJ, Putonti C. Coliphages of the human urinary microbiota. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283930. [PMID: 37053131 PMCID: PMC10101464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its frequent association with urinary tract infections (UTIs), Escherichia coli is the best characterized constituent of the urinary microbiota (urobiome). However, uropathogenic E. coli is just one member of the urobiome. In addition to bacterial constituents, the urobiome of both healthy and symptomatic individuals is home to a diverse population of bacterial viruses (bacteriophages). A prior investigation found that most bacterial species in the urobiome are lysogens, harboring one or more phages integrated into their genome (prophages). Many of these prophages are temperate phages, capable of entering the lytic cycle and thus lysing their bacterial host. This transition from the lysogenic to lytic life cycle can impact the bacterial diversity of the urobiome. While many phages that infect E. coli (coliphages) have been studied for decades in the laboratory setting, the coliphages within the urobiome have yet to be cataloged. Here, we investigated the diversity of urinary coliphages by first identifying prophages in all publicly available urinary E. coli genomes. We detected 3,038 intact prophage sequences, representative of 1,542 unique phages. These phages include both novel species as well as species also found within the gut microbiota. Ten temperate phages were isolated from urinary E. coli strains included in our analysis, and we assessed their ability to infect and lyse urinary E. coli strains. We also included in these host range assays other urinary coliphages and laboratory coliphages. The temperate phages and other urinary coliphages were successful in lysing urinary E. coli strains. We also observed that coliphages from non-urinary sources were most efficient in killing urinary E. coli strains. The two phages, T2 and N4, were capable of lysing 83.5% (n = 86) of strains isolated from females with UTI symptoms. In conclusion, our study finds a diverse community of coliphages in the urobiome, many of which are predicted to be temperate phages, ten of which were confirmed here. Their ability to infect and lyse urinary E. coli strains suggests that urinary coliphages may play a role in modulating the E. coli strain diversity of the urobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Crum
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Zubia Merchant
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Adriana Ene
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Taylor Miller-Ensminger
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Genevieve Johnson
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Alan J. Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
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Chen YC, Lee WC, Chuang YC. Emerging Non-Antibiotic Options Targeting Uropathogenic Mechanisms for Recurrent Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087055. [PMID: 37108218 PMCID: PMC10138837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most frequent bacterial infections in the clinical setting. Even without underlying anatomic or functional abnormalities, more than 40% of women experience at least one UTI in their lifetime, of which 30% develop recurrent UTIs (rUTIs) within 6 months. Conventional management with antibiotics for rUTIs may eventually lead to the development of multidrug-resistant uropathogens. Targeting of the pathogenicity of rUTIs, the evolution of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), and inadequate host defenses by immune responses should be explored to provide non-antibiotic solutions for the management of rUTIs. The adaptive evolution of UPEC has been observed in several aspects, including colonization, attachment, invasion, and intracellular replication to invade the urothelium and survive intracellularly. Focusing on the antivirulence of UPEC and modulating the immunity of susceptible persons, researchers have provided potential alternative solutions in four categories: antiadhesive treatments (i.e., cranberries and D-mannose), immunomodulation therapies, vaccines, and prophylaxis with topical estrogen therapy and probiotics (e.g., Lactobacillus species). Combination therapies targeting multiple pathogenic mechanisms are expected to be a future trend in UTI management, although some of these treatment options have not been well established in terms of their long-term efficacy. Additional clinical trials are warranted to validate the therapeutic efficacy and durability of these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Lee
- Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chi Chuang
- Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
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Doroftei B, Ilie OD, Maftei R, Scripcariu IS, Armeanu T, Stoian IL, Ilea C. A Narrative Review Discussing Vasectomy-Related Impact upon the Status of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Biomarkers and Semen Microbiota. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072671. [PMID: 37048754 PMCID: PMC10095584 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Male contraceptive approaches besides tubal sterilization involve vasectomy and represent the method of choice among midlife men in developing countries thanks to many advantages. However, the subsidiary consequences of this intervention are insufficiently explored since the involved mechanisms may offer insight into a much more complex picture. Methods: Thus, in this manuscript, we aimed to reunite all available data by searching three separate academic database(s) (PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus) published in the past two decades by covering the interval 2000–2023 and using a predefined set of keywords and strings involving “oxidative stress” (OS), “inflammation”, and “semen microbiota” in combination with “humans”, “rats”, and “mice”. Results: By following all evidence that fits in the pre-, post-, and vasectomy reversal (VR) stages, we identified a total of n = 210 studies from which only n = 21 were finally included following two procedures of eligibility evaluation. Conclusions: The topic surrounding this intricate landscape has created debate since the current evidence is contradictory, limited, or does not exist. Starting from this consideration, we argue that further research is mandatory to decipher how a vasectomy might disturb homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Doroftei
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street no 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street no 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
- Origyn Fertility Center, Palace Street, no 3C, 700032 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Carol I Avenue no 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Maftei
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street no 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street no 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
- Origyn Fertility Center, Palace Street, no 3C, 700032 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana-Sadyie Scripcariu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street no 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street no 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Theodora Armeanu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street no 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street no 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
- Origyn Fertility Center, Palace Street, no 3C, 700032 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina-Liviana Stoian
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street no 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ciprian Ilea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street no 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street no 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
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Hadjifrangiskou M, Reasoner S, Flores V, Van Horn G, Morales G, Peard L, Abelson B, Manuel C, Lee J, Baker B, Williams T, Schmitz J, Clayton D. Defining the Infant Male Urobiome and Moving Towards Mechanisms in Urobiome Research. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2618137. [PMID: 36945625 PMCID: PMC10029076 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2618137/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The urinary bladder harbors a community of microbes termed the urobiome, which remains understudied. In this study, we present the urobiome of healthy infant males from samples collected by transurethral catheterization. Using a combination of extended culture and amplicon sequencing, we identify several common bacterial genera that can be further investigated for their effects on urinary health across the lifespan. Many genera were shared between all samples suggesting a consistent urobiome composition among this cohort. We note that, for this cohort, early life exposures including mode of birth (vaginal vs. Caesarean section), or prior antibiotic exposure did not influence urobiome composition. In addition, we report the isolation of culturable bacteria from the bladders of these infant males, including Actinotignum schaalii, a bacterial species that has been associated with urinary tract infection in older male adults. Herein, we isolate and sequence 9 distinct strains of A. schaalii enhancing the genomic knowledge surrounding this species and opening avenues for delineating the microbiology of this urobiome constituent. Furthermore, we present a framework for using the combination of culture-dependent and sequencing methodologies for uncovering mechanisms in the urobiome.
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Choi HW, Lee KW, Kim YH. Microbiome in urological diseases: Axis crosstalk and bladder disorders. Investig Clin Urol 2023; 64:126-139. [PMID: 36882171 PMCID: PMC9995957 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20220357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the identification of the human urinary microbiome, numerous studies have characterized this microbial community and improved our knowledge of its association with urinary diseases. This association between urinary diseases and microbiota is not confined to the urinary microbiota; it is interconnected with the microbiota of other organs. The gastrointestinal, vaginal, kidney, and bladder microbiota all affect urinary diseases because they work with their respective organs to control the growth and operation of the immune, metabolic, and nervous systems through dynamic bidirectional communication along the bladder-centered axis. Therefore, disturbances in the microbial communities may result in the emergence of urinary diseases. In this review, we describe the increasing and intriguing evidence of complicated and critical relationships that may contribute to the development and progression of urinary diseases through disruption of the microbiota in various organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Woong Choi
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Woo Lee
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.
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Vyhnal K, Kimbrough T, Pacheco M, Cooper R, Gigliotti A, Adney DR. Pneumonia and Meningitis in a Beagle Dog caused by Actinomyces bowdenii. Vet Anim Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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Dong YH, Fu Z, Zhang NN, Shao JY, Shen J, Yang E, Sun SY, Zhao ZM, Xiao A, Liu CJ, Li XR. Urogenital tract and rectal microbiota composition and its influence on reproductive outcomes in infertile patients. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1051437. [PMID: 36846767 PMCID: PMC9950574 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1051437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microbiota in the human body are closely related to human diseases. Female urogenital tract and rectal microbes have been considered as important factors affecting female pregnancy, but the mechanism is unknown. Methods Cervical, vaginal, urethral, and rectal swabs were collected from 22 infertile patients and 10 controls, and follicular fluid was extracted from 22 infertile patients. The microbial composition of different sampling sites of infertile patients was examined. By comparing the microbial composition difference between infertile patients and controls and combining bioinformatics methods to analyze the potential impact of the female urogenital tract (cervical, vaginal and urethral) and rectal microbial diversity on female infertility and pregnancy outcomes. Results Lactobacillus predominated in the female urogenital tract, but its abundance decreased in infertile patients, whereas the abundance of Gardnerella and Atopobium increased. The microbial changes in the urethra had the same trend as that in the vagina. Compared with healthy controls, the cervical and rectal microbial diversity of infertile patients were significantly increased and decreased, respectively. There might be interactions between microbes in different parts of female. Geobacillus thermogeniticans was enriched in the urogenital tract and rectum of infertile patients, and has a good predictive effect on infertility. Compared with infertile patients, L. johnsonii was enriched in the vagina, urethra, and intestine of the control group. L. acidophilus in follicular fluid might be associated with Non-pregnancy. Conclusion This study found that the microbial composition of infertile patients was changed compared with that of healthy people. The translocation of Lactobacillus between the rectum and urogenital tract might play a protective barrier role. The changes of Lactobacillus and Geobacillus might be related to female infertility or pregnancy outcome. The study provided a theoretical basis for the future treatment of female infertility from the perspective of microorganisms by detecting the microbial changes associated with female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hong Dong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhong Fu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ning-Nan Zhang
- Urology Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Urology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Yi Shao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Urology Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Urology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - En Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shi-Yi Sun
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - An Xiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatic Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen-Jian Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Ran Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,*Correspondence: Xiao-Ran Li,
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Di Simone SK, Rudloff I, Nold-Petry CA, Forster SC, Nold MF. Understanding respiratory microbiome-immune system interactions in health and disease. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabq5126. [PMID: 36630485 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq5126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between the developing microbiome and maturing immune system in early life are critical for establishment of a homeostasis beneficial to both host and commensals. The lung harbors a diverse community of microbes associated with health and local or systemic disease. We discuss how early life colonization and community changes correlate with immune development and health and disease throughout infancy, childhood, and adult life. We highlight key advances in microbiology, immunology, and computational biology that allow investigation of the functional relevance of interactions between the respiratory microbiome and host immune system, which may unlock the potential for microbiome-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara K Di Simone
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Disease, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - Ina Rudloff
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - Claudia A Nold-Petry
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - Samuel C Forster
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Disease, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - Marcel F Nold
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3168, Australia
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Dunne MW, Aronin SI, Das AF, Akinapelli K, Zelasky MT, Puttagunta S, Boucher HW. Sulopenem or Ciprofloxacin for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Women: A Phase 3, Randomized Trial. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:66-77. [PMID: 36069202 PMCID: PMC9825825 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited treatment options for uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) caused by resistant pathogens. Sulopenem etzadroxil/probenecid (sulopenem) is an oral thiopenem antibiotic active against multidrug-resistant pathogens that cause uUTIs. METHODS Patients with uUTI were randomized to 5 days of sulopenem or 3 days of ciprofloxacin. The primary endpoint was overall success, defined as both clinical and microbiologic response at day 12. In patients with ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible baseline pathogens, sulopenem was compared for superiority over ciprofloxacin; in patients with ciprofloxacin-susceptible pathogens, the agents were compared for noninferiority. Using prespecified hierarchical statistical testing, the primary endpoint was tested in the combined population if either superiority or noninferiority was declared in the nonsusceptible or susceptible population, respectively. RESULTS In the nonsusceptible population, sulopenem was superior to ciprofloxacin, 62.6% vs 36.0% (difference, 26.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.1 to 7.4; P <.001). In the susceptible population, sulopenem was not noninferior to ciprofloxacin, 66.8% vs 78.6% (difference, -11.8%; 95% CI, -18.0 to 5.6). The difference was driven by a higher rate of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) post-treatment in patients on sulopenem. In the combined analysis, sulopenem was noninferior to ciprofloxacin, 65.6% vs 67.9% (difference, -2.3%; 95% CI, -7.9 to 3.3). Diarrhea occurred more frequently with sulopenem (12.4% vs 2.5%). CONCLUSIONS Sulopenem was noninferior to ciprofloxacin in the treatment of uUTIs. Sulopenem was superior to ciprofloxacin in patients with uUTIs due to ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible pathogens. Sulopenem was not noninferior in patients with ciprofloxacin-susceptible pathogens, driven largely by a lower rate of ASB in those who received ciprofloxacin. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03354598.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita F Das
- Das Statistical Consulting, Guerneville, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Helen W Boucher
- Tufts Medicine and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston Massachusetts, USA
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Liptáková A, Čurová K, Záhumenský J, Visnyaiová K, Varga I. Microbiota of female genital tract – functional overview of microbial flora from vagina to uterine tubes and placenta. Physiol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms and eukaryotic human cells coexist in synergistic relationships in nearly every niche of the human body. The female genital tract consisting of the vagina, uterus with its cervix and endometrium, uterine tubes and ovaries – harbors its own typical microbiota, which accounts for 9 % of the total bacterial population in females. To this organ system, we also assigned the microbiome of the placenta, which has not been studied much until now. Among the spectrum of microbial species, the female genital tract is mainly dominated by Lactobacillus species, which are considered to be one of the simplest yet most important microbial communities. However, this relationship between macro- and micro-organisms seems to have a number of physiological functions, e.g., the vaginal and cervical microbiota have unique impact on reproductive health. The aim of this review was to provide current view on female genital tract microbiota and its role in reproductive health. We describe in detail the association of vaginal or tubal epithelium with microbiota or the role of microbiota in normal placental function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Čurová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of P. J. Šafárik, Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Ugarcina Perovic S, Ksiezarek M, Rocha J, Cappelli EA, Sousa M, Ribeiro TG, Grosso F, Peixe L. Urinary Microbiome of Reproductive-Age Asymptomatic European Women. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0130822. [PMID: 36383025 PMCID: PMC9769847 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01308-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge of bacterial species diversity within the female urinary microbiome (FUM) is essential for understanding the role of the FUM in urinary tract health and disease. This study aimed to characterize the bacterial species diversity of the FUM of asymptomatic reproductive-age European women by combining extended culturomics and long-read sequencing of the near-full-length 16S rRNA gene. A total of 297 bacterial species (median of 53 species/sample) were identified, yet only 22% of the species were detected by both culture and sequencing methods. Recently recognized Gardnerella, Lactobacillus, and Limosilactobacillus species and 5 new putative Corynebacterium species were identified by culturomics, while anaerobic species (e.g., 11 Peptoniphilus spp.) were mostly detected by amplicon sequencing. Notably, there was not a single species common to all samples, although members of the genus Lactobacillus were detected in all. Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus iners, and Lactobacillus mulieris were observed in high relative abundance in several samples, as well as other species (e.g., Streptococcus agalactiae, Fannyhessea vaginae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Gardnerella swidsinskii), while low-abundance members (e.g., Finegoldia magna) were often more prevalent. A moderate correlation (Mantel test; r = 0.5) between community structure types captured by culturomics and amplicon sequencing was observed, highlighting the benefit of combining both methodologies. This study provided a detailed FUM structure at the species level, which is critical to unveil the potential relationship between specific microbiome members and urinary diseases/disorders. Moreover, the different capacity to characterize microbiome profiles of culturomic and amplicon sequencing is described, providing valuable insights for further urinary microbiome studies. IMPORTANCE The bacterial species diversity within the female urinary microbiome (FUM) has been insufficiently characterized. This study demonstrated that complementarity between optimized culture-dependent and -independent approaches is highly beneficial for comprehensive FUM species profiling by detecting higher FUM species diversity than previously reported, including identification of unreported species belonging to the genera Lactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus, and Latilactobacillus and putative novel Corynebacterium species. Although some species were present in high relative abundance, low-abundance members were more prevalent. FUM classification into community structure types demonstrated high interindividual differences in urinary microbiome composition among asymptomatic women. We also report moderate correlation between culture-dependent and -independent derived data-highlighting drawbacks of each methodological approach. Our findings suggest that FUM bacterial diversity reported from previous studies may be underestimated. Finally, our results contribute to the fundamental knowledge of the FUM required for further exploration of the urinary microbiome role in urinary tract diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Ugarcina Perovic
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Magdalena Ksiezarek
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Rocha
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Alves Cappelli
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Márcia Sousa
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Gonçalves Ribeiro
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipa Grosso
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Peixe
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Betancur-Murillo CL, Aguilar-Marín SB, Jovel J. Prevotella: A Key Player in Ruminal Metabolism. Microorganisms 2022; 11:microorganisms11010001. [PMID: 36677293 PMCID: PMC9866204 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruminants are foregut fermenters that have the remarkable ability of converting plant polymers that are indigestible to humans into assimilable comestibles like meat and milk, which are cornerstones of human nutrition. Ruminants establish a symbiotic relationship with their microbiome, and the latter is the workhorse of carbohydrate fermentation. On the other hand, during carbohydrate fermentation, synthesis of propionate sequesters H, thus reducing its availability for the ultimate production of methane (CH4) by methanogenic archaea. Biochemically, methane is the simplest alkane and represents a downturn in energetic efficiency in ruminants; environmentally, it constitutes a potent greenhouse gas that negatively affects climate change. Prevotella is a very versatile microbe capable of processing a wide range of proteins and polysaccharides, and one of its fermentation products is propionate, a trait that appears conspicuous in P. ruminicola strain 23. Since propionate, but not acetate or butyrate, constitutes an H sink, propionate-producing microbes have the potential to reduce methane production. Accordingly, numerous studies suggest that members of the genus Prevotella have the ability to divert the hydrogen flow in glycolysis away from methanogenesis and in favor of propionic acid production. Intended for a broad audience in microbiology, our review summarizes the biochemistry of carbohydrate fermentation and subsequently discusses the evidence supporting the essential role of Prevotella in lignocellulose processing and its association with reduced methane emissions. We hope this article will serve as an introduction to novice Prevotella researchers and as an update to others more conversant with the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lorena Betancur-Murillo
- Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Tecnología e Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, UNAD, Bogotá 111511, Colombia
| | | | - Juan Jovel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Microbiota-Pain Association; Recent Discoveries and Research Progress. Curr Microbiol 2022; 80:29. [PMID: 36474077 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between gut microbiota and pain, such as visceral pain, headaches (migraine), itching, prosthetic joint infection (PJI), chronic abdominal pain (CAP), joint pain, etc., has received increasing attention. Several parts of the evidence suggest that microbiota is one of the most important pain modulators and they can regulate pain in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Any alteration in microbiota by diet or antibiotics mediation may characterize a novel therapeutic strategy for pain management. The present study includes the most up-to-date and influential scientific findings on the association of microbiota with pain, despite the fact that the underlying mechanism is not identified in most cases. According to recent research, identifying the molecular mechanisms of the microbiota-pain pathway can have a unique perspective in treating many diseases, even though there is a long way to reach the ideal point. This study will stress the influence of microbiota on the common diseases that can stimulate the pain with a focus on underlying mechanisms.
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50
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Johnson G, Bataclan S, So M, Banerjee S, Wolfe AJ, Putonti C. Plasmids of the urinary microbiota. Access Microbiol 2022; 4:acmi000429. [PMID: 36644432 PMCID: PMC9833419 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of the last decade have identified a phylogenetically diverse community of bacteria within the urinary tract of individuals with and without urinary symptoms. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), including plasmids and phages, within this niche have only recently begun to be explored. These MGEs can expand metabolic capacity and increase virulence, as well as confer antibiotic resistance. As such, they have the potential to contribute to urinary symptoms. While plasmids for some of the bacterial taxa found within the urinary microbiota (urobiome) have been well characterized, many urinary species are under-studied with few genomes sequenced to date. Using a two-pronged bioinformatic approach, we have conducted a comprehensive investigation of the plasmid content of urinary isolates representative of 102 species. The bioinformatic tools plasmidSPAdes and Recycler were used in tandem to identify plasmid sequences from raw short-read sequence data followed by manual curation. In total, we identified 603 high-confidence plasmid sequences in 20 different genera of the urobiome. In total, 70 % of these high-confidence plasmids exhibit sequence similarity to plasmid sequences from the gut. This observation is primarily driven by plasmids from E. coli , which is found in both anatomical niches. To confirm our bioinformatic predictions, long-read sequencing was performed for 23 of the E. coli isolates in addition to two E. coli strains that were sequenced as part of a prior study. Overall, 66.95 % of these predictions were confirmed highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of current bioinformatic tools. Future studies of the urobiome, especially concerning under-studied species in the urobiome, should employ long-read sequencing to expand the catalogue of plasmids for this niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seanna Bataclan
- Biology Program, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU, USA
| | - Minerva So
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Swarnali Banerjee
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alan J. Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA,Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,*Correspondence: Catherine Putonti,
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