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Lin J, Kilani M, Baharfar M, Wang R, Mao G. Understanding the nanoscale phenomena of nucleation and crystal growth in electrodeposition. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39380552 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02389g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Electrodeposition is used at the industrial scale to make coatings, membranes, and composites. With better understanding of the nanoscale phenomena associated with the early stage of the process, electrodeposition has potential to be adopted by manufacturers of energy storage devices, advanced electrode materials, fuel cells, carbon dioxide capturing technologies, and advanced sensing electronics. The ability to conduct precise electrochemical measurements using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and chronopotentiometry in addition to control of precursor composition and concentration makes electrocrystallization an attractive method to investigate nucleation and early-stage crystal growth. In this article, we review recent findings of nucleation and crystal growth behaviors at the nanoscale, paying close attention to those that deviate from the classical theories in various electrodeposition systems. The review affirms electrodeposition as a valuable method both for gaining new insights into nucleation and crystallization on surfaces and as a low-cost scalable technology for the manufacturing of advanced materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
| | - Mohamed Kilani
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
| | - Mahroo Baharfar
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
| | - Ren Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
| | - Guangzhao Mao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FB, UK
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2
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Jain A, Kumar M. Sketching Precursor Evolution to Delineate Growth Pathways for Anatase (TiO 2) Crystal Design. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309100. [PMID: 38193261 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Engineering advanced functional materials such as Anatase crystals through the molecular tuning of crystal facets is the current enigma of interest pertinent to solving the structure-property-performance triad. Developing optimal shapes and sizes of crystallite necessitates exploring the nanoscopic growth mechanism via precursor tracking. Here, the tapestry of particles varying in dimensionality (0D-3D), sizes (8-3000 nm), and morphology (aggregated to highly faceted crystals) is generated. To decipher and subsequently modulate the crystallization pathways, high-resolution microscopy (high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)) is used to sketch time-stamped particle evolution. Interestingly, the studies provide evidence for 4-distinct mechanisms where nanoparticles/nanosheets play direct and/or indirect roles in crystallization through multi-stage aggregation (primary, secondary, and tertiary) beginning with similar growth solutions. The four distinct pathways elucidate bulk particle formation via non-classical routes of crystallization including nanosheet alignment and aggregation, nanocrystallite formation and fusion, nanobeads formation and attachment, and direct nanosheet incorporation in bulk crystals. Notably, the direct evidence of flexible-partially-ordered nanosheets being subsumed along the contours of bulk crystals is captured. These novel syntheses generated uniquely faceted particles with high-indexed surface planes such as (004), (200), and (105), amenable to photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Manjesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
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3
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Mallette AJ, Shilpa K, Rimer JD. The Current Understanding of Mechanistic Pathways in Zeolite Crystallization. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3416-3493. [PMID: 38484327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Zeolite catalysts and adsorbents have been an integral part of many commercial processes and are projected to play a significant role in emerging technologies to address the changing energy and environmental landscapes. The ability to rationally design zeolites with tailored properties relies on a fundamental understanding of crystallization pathways to strategically manipulate processes of nucleation and growth. The complexity of zeolite growth media engenders a diversity of crystallization mechanisms that can manifest at different synthesis stages. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of classical and nonclassical pathways associated with the formation of (alumino)silicate zeolites. We begin with a brief overview of zeolite history and seminal advancements, followed by a comprehensive discussion of different classes of zeolite precursors with respect to their methods of assembly and physicochemical properties. The following two sections provide detailed discussions of nucleation and growth pathways wherein we emphasize general trends and highlight specific observations for select zeolite framework types. We then close with conclusions and future outlook to summarize key hypotheses, current knowledge gaps, and potential opportunities to guide zeolite synthesis toward a more exact science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Mallette
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Kumari Shilpa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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4
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Zhang Q, Li J, Wang X, He G, Li L, Xu J, Mei D, Terasaki O, Yu J. Silanol-Engineered Nonclassical Growth of Zeolite Nanosheets from Oriented Attachment of Amorphous Protozeolite Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21231-21241. [PMID: 37748094 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite nonclassical growth via particle attachment has been proposed for two decades, yet the attachment mechanism and kinetic regulation remain elusive. Here, nonclassical growth of an MFI-type zeolite has been achieved by using amorphous protozeolite (PZ) nanoparticles containing encapsulated TPA+ templates and abundant silanols (Si-OH) as sole precursors under hydrothermal conditions. The silanol characteristics of the precursor were studied by two-dimensional (2D) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) correlation spectroscopy, which were proven to play critical roles in determining precursor attachment behavior and crystal growth orientation. Under mechanical ball-milling or tablet-pressing process, pressure drove the fusion of spherical PZ into platelet-like integrated PZ (IPZ) coupled with transformations of external silanols from evenly distributed to curvature-dependent distributed and internal silanols from isolated to spatially proximate. Compared to isolated silanols, the spatially proximate silanols possessed a stronger correlation with TPA+, benefiting the formation of Si-O-Si bonds via silanol condensation. Subsequently, driven by minimization of surface energy, particle attachment of the platelet-like IPZ precursor preferentially occurred at high-curvature surfaces with high-density silanols, leading to anisotropic rates of nonclassical growth and thus the formation of high-aspect-ratio MFI-type zeolite nanosheets. Advanced electron microscopy provided direct evidence of attachment of amorphous IPZ precursors to crystalline intermediate surfaces along the c-axis direction with the formation of amorphous-crystalline interfaces, followed by interface elimination and structural evolution to a single-crystalline phase. Our findings not only unravel the zeolite nonclassical growth mechanism but also reveal the critical role of silanol chemistry in kinetic regulation, which is of great importance for pursuing a tailored zeolite synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Junyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Centre for High-resolution Electron Microscopy (CℏEM), School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Guangyuan He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Donghai Mei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Osamu Terasaki
- Centre for High-resolution Electron Microscopy (CℏEM), School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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5
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Wu G, Qian C, Lv WL, Zhao X, Liu XW. Dynamic imaging of interfacial electrochemistry on single Ag nanowires by azimuth-modulated plasmonic scattering interferometry. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4194. [PMID: 37443367 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39866-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct visualization of surface chemical dynamics in solution is essential for understanding the mechanisms involved in nanocatalysis and electrochemistry; however, it is challenging to achieve high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we present an azimuth-modulated plasmonic imaging technique capable of imaging dynamic interfacial changes. The method avoids strong interference from reflected light and consequently eliminates the parabolic-like interferometric patterns in the images, allowing for a 67-fold increase in the spatial resolution of plasmonic imaging. We demonstrate that this optical imaging approach enables comprehensive analyses of surface chemical dynamics and identification of previously unknown surface reaction heterogeneity by investigating electrochemical redox reactions over single silver nanowires as an example. This work provides a general strategy for high-resolution plasmonic imaging of surface electrochemical dynamics and other interfacial chemical reactions, complementing existing surface characterization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Chen Qian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Wen-Li Lv
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiaona Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xian-Wei Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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6
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Alahakoon S, Willans MJ, Huang Y. In Situ Multinuclear Magic-Angle Spinning NMR: Monitoring Crystallization of Molecular Sieve AlPO 4-11 in Real Time. JACS AU 2023; 3:1670-1683. [PMID: 37388699 PMCID: PMC10302754 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Molecular sieves are crystalline three-dimensional frameworks with well-defined channels and cavities. They have been widely used in industry for many applications such as gas separation/purification, ion exchange, and catalysis. Obviously, understanding the formation mechanisms is fundamentally important. High-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful method for the study of molecular sieves. However, due to technical challenges, the vast majority of the high-resolution solid-state NMR studies on molecular sieve crystallization are ex situ. In the present work, using a new commercially available NMR rotor that can withhold high pressure and high temperature, we examined the formation of molecular sieve AlPO4-11 under dry gel conversion conditions by in situ multinuclear (1H, 27Al, 31P, and 13C) magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR. In situ high-resolution NMR spectra obtained as a function of heating time provide much insights underlying the crystallization mechanism of AlPO4-11. Specifically, in situ 27Al and 31P MAS NMR along with 1H → 31P cross-polarization (CP) MAS NMR were used to monitor the evolution of the local environments of framework Al and P, in situ 1H → 13C CP MAS NMR to follow the behavior of the organic structure directing agent, and in situ 1H MAS NMR to unveil the effect of water content on crystallization kinetics. The in situ MAS NMR results lead to a better understanding of the formation of AlPO4-11.
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7
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Zhang X, Yang M, Wang L, Han J, Lou C, Xu S, Zhang Y, Wu R, Tian P, Liu Z. Recognizing the Minimum Structural Units Driving the Crystallization of SAPO-34 in a Top-Down Process. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203886. [PMID: 36577701 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recognizing the structure and nature of the nuclei for zeolites crystallization on an atomic level is of great importance, which can provide guidance on the control of crystallization kinetics and the rational synthesis of zeolites. However, it remains a long-standing challenge due to the difficulty in characterization of amorphous precursor with limited crystal nuclei. Herein, a top-down synthesis system was designed for SAPO-34 molecular sieve and well investigated. A clear precursor solution with abundant SAPO-34 crystal nuclei was obtained under a depolymerization-dominant condition. The species in the liquid precursor were identified by FT-ICR MS, solid-state MAS NMR and atomic pair distribution function analyses. In combination with various designed experiments, it is revealed that both the formation of small species containing Si-O-Al bonds and reaching a certain concentration, is crucial for driving the crystallization of SAPO-34, rather than structural units with specific spatial conformation. This work provides an important understanding on the (pre)nucleation of SAPO-34 and sheds light on the synthesis control of SAPO molecular sieves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosi Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Miao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Technologies, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Jingfeng Han
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Caiyi Lou
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Malvern Panalytical Division Spectris Instrumentation & Systems Shanghai Ltd, 200234, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ren'an Wu
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Technologies, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Peng Tian
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
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8
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Jain R, Niu Z, Choudhary M, Bourji H, Palmer JC, Rimer JD. In Situ Imaging of Faujasite Surface Growth Reveals Unique Pathways of Zeolite Crystallization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1155-1164. [PMID: 36603155 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite crystallization occurs by complex processes involving a variety of possible mechanisms. The sol gel media used to prepare zeolites leads to heterogeneous mixtures of solution and solid states with diverse solute species. At later stages of zeolite synthesis when growth occurs predominantly from solution, classical two-dimensional nucleation and spreading of layers on crystal surfaces via the addition of soluble species is the dominant pathway. At earlier stages, these processes occur in parallel with nonclassical pathways involving crystallization by particle attachment (CPA). The relative roles of solution- and solid-state species in zeolite crystallization have been a subject of debate. Here, we investigate the growth mechanism of a commercially relevant zeolite, faujasite (FAU). In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements reveal that supernatant solutions extracted from a conventional FAU synthesis at various times do not result in growth, indicating that FAU growth predominantly occurs from the solid state through a disorder-to-order transition of amorphous precursors. Elemental analysis shows that supernatant solutions are significantly more siliceous than both the original growth mixture and the FAU zeolite product; however, in situ AFM studies using a dilute clear solution with a lower Si/Al ratio revealed three-dimensional growth of surfaces that is distinct from layer-by-layer and CPA pathways. This unique mechanism of growth differs from those observed in studies of other zeolites. Given that relatively few zeolite frameworks have been the subject of mechanistic investigation by in situ techniques, these observations of FAU crystallization raise the question whether its growth pathway is characteristic of other zeolite structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Jain
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Zhiyin Niu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Madhuresh Choudhary
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Hadi Bourji
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Jeremy C Palmer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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9
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Zhang J, Bai R, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Zhang P, Li J, Yu J. Impact of a polymer modifier on directing the non-classical crystallization pathway of TS-1 zeolite: accelerating nucleation and enriching active sites. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13006-13014. [PMID: 36425513 PMCID: PMC9667963 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04544c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The crystallization process directly affects the physicochemical properties and active centers of zeolites; however, controllable tuning of the zeolite crystallization process remains a challenge. Herein, we utilized a polymer (polyacrylamide, PAM) to control the precursor structure evolution of TS-1 zeolite through a two-step crystallization process, so that the crystallization path was switched from a classical to a non-classical mechanism, which greatly accelerated nucleation and enriched active Ti sites. The TS-1 crystallization process was investigated by means of various advanced characterization techniques. It was found that specific interactions between PAM and Si/Ti species promoted the assembly of colloidal precursors containing ordered structural fragments and stabilized Ti species in the precursors, leading to a 1.5-fold shortened crystallization time and enriched Ti content in TS-1 (Si/Ti = 29). The PAM-regulated TS-1 zeolite exhibited enhanced catalytic performance in oxidative reactions compared to conventional samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Risheng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Yida Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B4H4R2 Canada
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B4H4R2 Canada
| | - Jiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
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10
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Pellens N, Doppelhammer N, Radhakrishnan S, Asselman K, Chandran CV, Vandenabeele D, Jakoby B, Martens JA, Taulelle F, Reichel EK, Breynaert E, Kirschhock CEA. Nucleation of Porous Crystals from Ion-Paired Prenucleation Clusters. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:7139-7149. [PMID: 36032557 PMCID: PMC9404542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Current nucleation models propose manifold options for the formation of crystalline materials. Exploring and distinguishing between different crystallization pathways on the molecular level however remain a challenge, especially for complex porous materials. These usually consist of large unit cells with an ordered framework and pore components and often nucleate in complex, multiphasic synthesis media, restricting in-depth characterization. This work shows how aluminosilicate speciation during crystallization can be documented in detail in monophasic hydrated silicate ionic liquids (HSILs). The observations reveal that zeolites can form via supramolecular organization of ion-paired prenucleation clusters, consisting of aluminosilicate anions, ion-paired to alkali cations, and imply that zeolite crystallization from HSILs can be described within the spectrum of modern nucleation theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Pellens
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nikolaus Doppelhammer
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems JKU Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Sambhu Radhakrishnan
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- NMR-Xray Platform for Convergence Research (NMRCoRe), KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karel Asselman
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - C Vinod Chandran
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- NMR-Xray Platform for Convergence Research (NMRCoRe), KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dries Vandenabeele
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernhard Jakoby
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems JKU Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Johan A Martens
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- NMR-Xray Platform for Convergence Research (NMRCoRe), KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francis Taulelle
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- NMR-Xray Platform for Convergence Research (NMRCoRe), KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erwin K Reichel
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems JKU Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Eric Breynaert
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- NMR-Xray Platform for Convergence Research (NMRCoRe), KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine E A Kirschhock
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterisation and Application Team (COK-KAT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Pellens N, Doppelhammer N, Asselman K, Thijs B, Jakoby B, Reichel EK, Taulelle F, Martens J, Breynaert E, Kirschhock CEA. A zeolite crystallisation model confirmed by in situ observation. Faraday Discuss 2022; 235:162-182. [PMID: 35660805 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Probing nucleation and growth of porous crystals at a molecular level remains a cumbersome experimental endeavour due to the complexity of the synthesis media involved. In particular, the study of zeolite formation is hindered as these typically form in multiphasic synthesis media, which restricts experimental access to crystallisation processes. Zeolite formation from single phasic hydrated silicate ionic liquids (HSiL) opens new possibilities. In this work, HSiL zeolite crystallisation is investigated in situ using a specifically designed conductivity measurement set-up yielding access to crystallisation kinetics. Based on the conductivity data and final yields, a crystallisation model explaining the results based on a surface growth mechanism was derived. The excellent agreement between experiment and theory indicates zeolite crystallisation from highly ionic media proceeds via a multi-step mechanism, involving an initial reversible surface condensation of a growth unit, followed by incorporation of that unit into the growing crystal. The first step is governed by the liquid phase concentration and surface energy, while the final step shows a correlation to the mobility of the cation involved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikolaus Doppelhammer
- KU Leuven, COK-KAT, Leuven, Belgium. .,JKU Linz, Institut für Mikroelektronik und Mikrosensorik, Linz, Austria
| | | | | | - Bernhard Jakoby
- JKU Linz, Institut für Mikroelektronik und Mikrosensorik, Linz, Austria
| | - Erwin K Reichel
- JKU Linz, Institut für Mikroelektronik und Mikrosensorik, Linz, Austria
| | - Francis Taulelle
- KU Leuven, COK-KAT, Leuven, Belgium. .,KU Leuven, NMRCoRe, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Martens
- KU Leuven, COK-KAT, Leuven, Belgium. .,KU Leuven, NMRCoRe, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eric Breynaert
- KU Leuven, COK-KAT, Leuven, Belgium. .,KU Leuven, NMRCoRe, Leuven, Belgium
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12
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Shere I, Malani A. Understanding the mechanism and kinetics of the formation and breaking of ring structures during silica polymerization: a computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11151-11168. [PMID: 35475505 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05774j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ring structures are ubiquitous in porous materials and play a crucial role in the functioning of these materials. Understanding the ring formation and breaking mechanism is essential for designing and controlling the porosity, framework density, channels, and cage formation in porous materials. The current work attempts to understand the formation, breaking, and survival of rings using a computational approach. We have used the reaction ensemble Monte Carlo simulation technique and studied silica polymerization starting from monomers to inter-connected large silica clusters in dilute and concentrated silica systems. We calculated various properties of representative smaller and bigger rings at different stages of polymerization. We found that smaller rings form in the initial polymerization stages and larger ring sizes appear at later stages. The smaller rings have a larger residence time than the bigger rings in the silica system, and the residence time changes with the polymerization stage. Both smaller and bigger rings have a shorter residence time in the dilute system than the concentrated silica system. As a result, ring formation and breaking kinetics are faster in the dilute silica system, which causes reorganization within the silica cluster leading to a dense cluster. A slow reorganization of rings in the concentrated silica system is observed, due to which clusters retain their random, branched configuration and porous region within the cluster. We also investigated a series of ring formation and breaking steps to understand the formation mechanism of isolated and grouped rings in the studied silica systems. We found that rings form and break by all possible reactions during ring-formation and cluster-aggregation stages. In contrast, only one reaction is dominant in the initial and aging stages of polymerization. The concentration of silica affects the formation of isolated rings, whereas the kinetics of a grouped ring is not significantly altered. Detailed insights into the reaction dynamics of rings at various stages of polymerization would be helpful in the rational design of porous silica polymorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderdip Shere
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Ateeque Malani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
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13
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Dominance of heat transfer limitations in conventional sol-gel synthesis of LTA revealed by microcrystallization. J Flow Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-022-00217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Transparent and anti-fogging AlPO4-5 films constructed by oblique oriented nano-flake crystals. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Trueman M, Akporiaye D, Anderson M. Simulating Intergrowth Formation in Zeolite Crystals: Impact on Habit and Functionality. Faraday Discuss 2022; 235:343-361. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00097g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A kinetic Monte-Carlo methodology is presented for simulating crystal growth in materials which contain stacking faults. By simulating a large number of potential growth and dissolution events, a representation of...
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16
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Synthesis of FER Zeolite Using 4-(Aminomethyl)pyridine as Structure-directing Agent. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1404-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Ye Z, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Shi Z, Li H, Yang X, Wang L, Kong L, Zhang C, Sheng Z, Zhang Y, Tang Y. Mesocrystal morphology regulation by "alkali metals ion switch": Re-examining zeolite nonclassical crystallization in seed-induced process. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:1366-1376. [PMID: 34739995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS It is a Holy Grail to realize the goal-oriented synthesis of zeotype crystals via direct thermodynamic/kinetic control of crystallization in the simplest inorganic system. Especially, the most commonly used counter cations (i.e., Na+ and K+) are in turn believed to play merely the role of balancing charges and stabilizing frameworks, which make the simple ion-based morphology/porosity control remain big challenges. EXPERIMENTS We re-examined the role of Na+ and K+ to fine-tune the classical/nonclassical crystallization process in a seed-induced system with the simplest composition (Si/Al sources, inorganic alkali, and H2O), and proposed an "ion switch" strategy. By analyzing the multiple growth curves, tracking the precursor evolution, and observing epitaxial crystallization behavior, a distinctive "ion switch"-worked nonclassical mechanism was uncovered. FINDINGS By the "ion switch" strategy, ZSM-5 mesocrystals were fine-regulated with diverse architecture from single crystal to nanocrystallite assembly and intracrystal mesopore-enriched crystal. Such simple ions-controlled crystallization was achieved through microstructure heterogeneity of zeolitic building-blocks triggered by different counterions and their corresponding assembly behavior from oriented attachment to random deposition. Furthermore, this protocol can be extended to a wider H2O/SiO2 range, mixed Na+/K+ systems, and other alkali metal ions from Li+ to Cs+, and ZSM-5 mesocrystals with extended morphologies can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Institute for Preservation of Chinese Ancient Books, Fudan University Library, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhangping Shi
- Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Shanghai 201208, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211880, China
| | - Lingtao Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunna Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhizheng Sheng
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yahong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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18
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Li R, Elliott WA, Clark RJ, Sutjianto JG, Rioux RM, Palmer JC, Rimer JD. Factors controlling the molecular modification of one-dimensional zeolites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:18610-18617. [PMID: 34612398 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02619d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between organic molecules and inorganic materials are ubiquitous in many applications and often play significant roles in directing pathways of crystallization. It is frequently debated whether kinetics or thermodynamics plays a more prominent role in the ability of molecular modifiers to impact crystal nucleation and growth processes. In the case of nanoporous zeolites, approaches in rational design often capitalize on the ability of organics, used as either modifiers or structure-directing agents, to markedly impact the physicochemical properties of zeolites. It has been demonstrated for multiple topologies that modifier-zeolite interactions can alter crystal size and morphology, yet few studies have distinguished the roles of thermodynamics and kinetics. We use a combination of calorimetry and molecular modeling to estimate the binding energies of organics on zeolite surfaces and correlate these results with synthetic trends in crystal morphology. Our findings reveal unexpectedly small energies of interaction for a range of modifiers with two zeolite structures, indicating the effect of organics on zeolite crystal surface free energy is minor and kinetic factors most likely govern growth modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
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19
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Sheng Z, Li H, Du K, Gao L, Ju J, Zhang Y, Tang Y. Observing a Zeolite Nucleus (Subcrystal) with a Uniform Framework Structure and Its Oriented Attachment without Single-Molecule Addition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13444-13451. [PMID: 33835648 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple and complex crystallization process of zeolite including complementary single-molecule condensation and particle assembly, and alternately dominant nucleation and growth behavior, plays the critical role in zeolite crystallization but meanwhile makes us hard to study the respective effects. Herein, we strip nuclei from the synthetic solution and find that high-ordered nucleus (subcrystal) is the premise to ignite high-speed growth of zeolite crystal. The high-ordered subcrystals with the size of only 6-10 nm possess regular aperture structure and microporous area similar to zeolite nanocrystal. Interestingly, a unitary oriented aggregation process of the subcrystals towards nanosheets is well observed and characterized where single-molecule addition process is greatly repressed. If a wider range of zeotype nuclei can be expanded, a new synthetic strategy of zeotype materials with heterogeneous framework and active sites may be expected, which may novelize zeolite catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizheng Sheng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - He Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lou Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ju
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yahong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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20
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Jain R, Chawla A, Linares N, García Martínez J, Rimer JD. Spontaneous Pillaring of Pentasil Zeolites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100897. [PMID: 33904205 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Conventional methods to prepare hierarchical zeolites depend upon the use of organic structure-directing agents and often require multiple synthesis steps with limited product yield and Brønsted acid concentration. Here, it is shown that the use of MEL- or MFI-type zeolites as crystalline seeds induces the spontaneous formation of self-pillared pentasil zeolites, thus avoiding the use of any organic or branching template for the crystallization of these hierarchical structures. The mechanism of formation is evaluated by time-resolved electron microscopy to provide evidence for the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of sequentially branched nanosheets from amorphous precursors. The resulting hierarchical zeolites have large external surface area and high percentages of external acid sites, which markedly improves their catalytic performance in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation and methanol to hydrocarbons reactions. These findings highlight a facile, commercially viable synthesis method to reduce mass-transport limitations and improve the performance of zeolite catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Jain
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Aseem Chawla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Noemi Linares
- Molecular Nanotechnology Lab, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Alicante, Alicante, 03690, Spain
| | - Javier García Martínez
- Molecular Nanotechnology Lab, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Alicante, Alicante, 03690, Spain
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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21
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Bozhilov KN, Le TT, Qin Z, Terlier T, Palčić A, Rimer JD, Valtchev V. Time-resolved dissolution elucidates the mechanism of zeolite MFI crystallization. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg0454. [PMID: 34134994 PMCID: PMC8208722 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg0454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite crystal growth mechanisms are not fully elucidated owing to their complexity wherein the formation of a particular zeolite can occur by more than one crystallization pathway. Here, we have conducted time-resolved dissolution experiments of MFI-type zeolite crystals in ammonium fluoride medium where detailed structural analysis allowed us to extrapolate and elucidate the possible mechanism of nucleation and crystal growth. A combination of electron and scanning probe microscopy shows that dissolution initiates preferentially at lattice defects and progressively removes defect zones to reveal a mosaic structure of crystalline domains within each zeolite crystal. This mosaic architecture evolves during the growth process, reflecting the changing conditions of zeolite formation that can be retroactively assessed during zeolite crystal dissolution. Moreover, a more general implication of this study is the establishment that dissolution can be used successfully as an ex situ technique to uncover details about crystal growth features inaccessible by other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krassimir N Bozhilov
- Central Facility for Advanced Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Thuy Thanh Le
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Zhengxing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Tanguy Terlier
- Shared Equipment Authority, SIMS Laboratory, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Ana Palčić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division of Materials Chemistry, Laboratory for Synthesis of New Materials, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Valentin Valtchev
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China.
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, 6 Boulevard Marechal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
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22
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Jensen Z, Kwon S, Schwalbe-Koda D, Paris C, Gómez-Bombarelli R, Román-Leshkov Y, Corma A, Moliner M, Olivetti EA. Discovering Relationships between OSDAs and Zeolites through Data Mining and Generative Neural Networks. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:858-867. [PMID: 34079901 PMCID: PMC8161479 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic structure directing agents (OSDAs) play a crucial role in the synthesis of micro- and mesoporous materials especially in the case of zeolites. Despite the wide use of OSDAs, their interaction with zeolite frameworks is poorly understood, with researchers relying on synthesis heuristics or computationally expensive techniques to predict whether an organic molecule can act as an OSDA for a certain zeolite. In this paper, we undertake a data-driven approach to unearth generalized OSDA-zeolite relationships using a comprehensive database comprising of 5,663 synthesis routes for porous materials. To generate this comprehensive database, we use natural language processing and text mining techniques to extract OSDAs, zeolite phases, and gel chemistry from the scientific literature published between 1966 and 2020. Through structural featurization of the OSDAs using weighted holistic invariant molecular (WHIM) descriptors, we relate OSDAs described in the literature to different types of cage-based, small-pore zeolites. Lastly, we adapt a generative neural network capable of suggesting new molecules as potential OSDAs for a given zeolite structure and gel chemistry. We apply this model to CHA and SFW zeolites generating several alternative OSDA candidates to those currently used in practice. These molecules are further vetted with molecular mechanics simulations to show the model generates physically meaningful predictions. Our model can automatically explore the OSDA space, reducing the amount of simulation or experimentation needed to find new OSDA candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zach Jensen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Soonhyoung Kwon
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daniel Schwalbe-Koda
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Cecilia Paris
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yuriy Román-Leshkov
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Moliner
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elsa A. Olivetti
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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23
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Sheng Z, Li H, Du K, Gao L, Ju J, Zhang Y, Tang Y. Observing a Zeolite Nucleus (Subcrystal) with a Uniform Framework Structure and Its Oriented Attachment without Single‐Molecule Addition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhizheng Sheng
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - He Li
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Lou Gao
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Jing Ju
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Yahong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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24
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Dong L, Zhai D, Chen Z, Zheng G, Wang Y, Hong M, Yang S. A dramatic conformational effect of multifunctional zwitterions on zeolite crystallization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14693-14696. [PMID: 33165479 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04965d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carnitine functions as a mesoporogen in LTA zeolite synthesis whereas its structural analogue acetylcarnitine acts as a crystal growth modifier. An array of experimental and theoretical studies reveal a remarkable effect of molecular conformation on the actual roles of organic functional groups during zeolite crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology & Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School (PKUSZ), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
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25
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In situ imaging of two-dimensional surface growth reveals the prevalence and role of defects in zeolite crystallization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28632-28639. [PMID: 33127756 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011806117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Zeolite crystallization predominantly occurs by nonclassical pathways involving the attachment of complex (alumino)silicate precursors to crystal surfaces, yet recurrent images of fully crystalline materials with layered surfaces are evidence of classical growth by molecule attachment. Here we use in situ atomic force microscopy to monitor three distinct mechanisms of two-dimensional (2D) growth of zeolite A where we show that layer nucleation from surface defects is the most common pathway. Direct observation of defects was made possible by the identification of conditions promoting layered growth, which correlates to the use of sodium as an inorganic structure-directing agent, whereas its replacement with an organic results in a nonclassical mode of growth that obscures 2D layers and markedly slows the rate of crystallization. In situ measurements of layered growth reveal that undissolved silica nanoparticles in the synthesis medium can incorporate into advancing steps on crystal surfaces to generate defects (i.e., amorphous silica occlusions) that largely go undetected in literature. Nanoparticle occlusion in natural and synthetic crystals is a topic of wide-ranging interest owing to its relevance in fields spanning from biomineralization to the rational design of functional nanocomposites. In this study, we provide unprecedented insight into zeolite surface growth by molecule addition through time-resolved microscopy that directly captures the occlusion of silica nanoparticles and highlights the prevalent role of defects in zeolite crystallization.
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26
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Claire FJ, Solomos MA, Kim J, Wang G, Siegler MA, Crommie MF, Kempa TJ. Structural and electronic switching of a single crystal 2D metal-organic framework prepared by chemical vapor deposition. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5524. [PMID: 33139701 PMCID: PMC7608636 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of metal-organic frameworks into advanced devices remains a desirable goal, but progress is hindered by difficulties in preparing large crystalline metal-organic framework films with suitable electronic performance. We demonstrate the direct growth of large-area, high quality, and phase pure single metal-organic framework crystals through chemical vapor deposition of a dimolybdenum paddlewheel precursor, Mo2(INA)4. These exceptionally uniform, high quality crystals cover areas up to 8600 µm2 and can be grown down to thicknesses of 30 nm. Moreover, scanning tunneling microscopy indicates that the Mo2(INA)4 clusters assemble into a two-dimensional, single-layer framework. Devices are readily fabricated from single vapor-phase grown crystals and exhibit reversible 8-fold changes in conductivity upon illumination at modest powers. Moreover, we identify vapor-induced single crystal transitions that are reversible and responsible for 30-fold changes in conductivity of the metal-organic framework as monitored by in situ device measurements. Gas-phase methods, including chemical vapor deposition, show broader promise for the preparation of high-quality molecular frameworks, and may enable their integration into devices, including detectors and actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- F James Claire
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marina A Solomos
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jungkil Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gaoqiang Wang
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael F Crommie
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J Kempa
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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28
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Kim D, Olympiou C, McCoy CP, Irwin NJ, Rimer JD. Time-Resolved Dynamics of Struvite Crystallization: Insights from the Macroscopic to Molecular Scale. Chemistry 2020; 26:3555-3563. [PMID: 31742800 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The crystallization of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite) often occurs under conditions of fluid flow, yet the dynamics of struvite growth under these relevant environments has not been previously reported. In this study, we use a microfluidic device to evaluate the anisotropic growth of struvite crystals at variable flow rates and solution supersaturation. We show that bulk crystallization under quiescent conditions yields irreproducible data owing to the propensity of struvite to adopt defects in its crystal lattice, as well as fluctuations in pH that markedly impact crystal growth rates. Studies in microfluidic channels allow for time-resolved analysis of seeded growth along all three principle crystallographic directions and under highly controlled environments. After having first identified flow rates that differentiate diffusion and reaction limited growth regimes, we operated solely in the latter regime to extract the kinetic rates of struvite growth along the [100], [010], and [001] directions. In situ atomic force microscopy was used to obtain molecular level details of surface growth mechanisms. Our findings reveal a classical pathway of crystallization by monomer addition with the expected transition from growth by screw dislocations at low supersaturation to that of two-dimensional layer generation and spreading at high supersaturation. Collectively, these studies present a platform for assessing struvite crystallization under flow conditions and demonstrate how this approach is superior to measurements under quiescent conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyoung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Chara Olympiou
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Colin P McCoy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Nicola J Irwin
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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29
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Choudhary MK, Kumar M, Rimer JD. Regulating Nonclassical Pathways of Silicalite-1 Crystallization through Controlled Evolution of Amorphous Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15712-15716. [PMID: 31472031 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Differentiating mechanisms of zeolite crystallization is challenging owing to the vast number of species in growth solutions. The presence of amorphous colloidal particles is ubiquitous in many zeolite syntheses, and has led to extensive efforts to understand the driving force(s) for their self-assembly and putative roles in processes of nucleation and growth. In this study, we use a combination of in situ scanning probe microscopy, particle dissolution measurements, and colloidal stability assays to elucidate the degree to which silica nanoparticles evolve in their structure during the early stages of silicalite-1 synthesis. We show how changes in precursor structure are mediated by the presence of organics, and demonstrate how these changes lead to significant differences in precursor-crystal interactions that alter preferred modes of crystal growth. Our findings provide guidelines for selectively controlling silicalite-1 growth by particle attachment or monomer addition, thus allowing for the manipulation of anisotropic rates of crystallization. In doing so, we also address a longstanding question regarding what factors are at our disposal to switch from a nonclassical to classical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuresh K Choudhary
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Manjesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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30
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Marolf DM, Jones MR. Measurement Challenges in Dynamic and Nonequilibrium Nanoscale Systems. Anal Chem 2019; 91:13324-13336. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Marolf
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Matthew R. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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31
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Helfrecht BA, Semino R, Pireddu G, Auerbach SM, Ceriotti M. A new kind of atlas of zeolite building blocks. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:154112. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5119751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. Helfrecht
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institut des Matériaux, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rocio Semino
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institut des Matériaux, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
| | - Giovanni Pireddu
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institut des Matériaux, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 01700 Sassari, Italy
| | - Scott M. Auerbach
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institut des Matériaux, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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32
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Xu L, Choudhary MK, Muraoka K, Chaikittisilp W, Wakihara T, Rimer JD, Okubo T. Bridging the Gap between Structurally Distinct 2D Lamellar Zeolitic Precursors through a 3D Germanosilicate Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14529-14533. [PMID: 31398272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There is broad scientific interest in lamellar zeolitic materials for a large variety of technological applications. The traditional synthetic methods towards two-dimensional (2D) zeolitic precursors have made a great impact in the construction of families of related zeolites; however, the connection between structurally distinct 2D zeolitic precursors is much less investigated in comparison, thereby resulting in a synthetic obstacle that theoretically limits the types of zeolites that can be constructed from each layer. Herein, we report a Ge-recycling strategy for the topotactic conversion between different 2D zeolitic precursors through a three-dimensional (3D) germanosilicate. Specifically, the intermediate germanosilicate can be constructed within 150 min by taking advantage of its structural similarity with the parent lamellar precursor. This process enables the conversion of one 2D zeolite structure into another distinct structure, thus overcoming the synthetic obstacle between two families of zeolitic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Madhuresh K Choudhary
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Koki Muraoka
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Watcharop Chaikittisilp
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS), National Institute for Materials Sciences (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Toru Wakihara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Tatsuya Okubo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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33
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Xu L, Choudhary MK, Muraoka K, Chaikittisilp W, Wakihara T, Rimer JD, Okubo T. Bridging the Gap between Structurally Distinct 2D Lamellar Zeolitic Precursors through a 3D Germanosilicate Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Xu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Madhuresh K. Choudhary
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Koki Muraoka
- Department of Chemical System Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Watcharop Chaikittisilp
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS) National Institute for Materials Sciences (NIMS) 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Toru Wakihara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Jeffrey D. Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Tatsuya Okubo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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34
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Muraoka K, Sada Y, Shimojima A, Chaikittisilp W, Okubo T. Tracking the rearrangement of atomic configurations during the conversion of FAU zeolite to CHA zeolite. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8533-8540. [PMID: 31803428 PMCID: PMC6853086 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02773d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to realize designed synthesis, understanding the formation mechanism of zeolites at an atomic level has long been aspired, but remains challenging due to the fact that the knowledge of atomic configurations of the species formed during the process is limited. We focus on a synthesis system that crystallizes CHA zeolite from FAU zeolite as the sole source of tetrahedral atoms of Si and Al, so that end-to-end characterization can be conducted. Solid-state 29Si MAS NMR is followed by high-throughput computational modeling to understand how atomic configurations changed during the interzeolite conversion. This reveals that the structural motif commonly found in FAU and CHA is not preserved during the conversion; rather, there is a specific rearrangement of silicates and aluminates within the motif. The atomic configuration of CHA seems to be influenced by that of the starting FAU, considering that CHA synthesized without using FAU results in a random Al distribution. A Metropolis Monte-Carlo simulation combined with a lattice minimization technique reveals that CHA derived from FAU has energetically favorable, biased atomic locations, which could be a result of the atomic configurations of the starting FAU. These results suggest that by choosing the appropriate reactant, Al placement could be designed to enhance the targeted properties of zeolites for catalysis and adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Muraoka
- Department of Chemical System Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan .
| | - Yuki Sada
- Department of Chemical System Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan .
| | - Atsushi Shimojima
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Waseda University , 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku , Tokyo 169-8555 , Japan
- Kagami Memorial Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology , Waseda University , 2-8-26 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku , Tokyo 169-0051 , Japan
| | - Watcharop Chaikittisilp
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okubo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan .
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35
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Choudhary MK, Kumar M, Rimer JD. Regulating Nonclassical Pathways of Silicalite‐1 Crystallization through Controlled Evolution of Amorphous Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuresh K. Choudhary
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Manjesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
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36
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Qin W, Jain R, Robles Hernández FC, Rimer JD. Organic‐Free Interzeolite Transformation in the Absence of Common Building Units. Chemistry 2019; 25:5893-5898. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Rishabh Jain
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D. Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
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37
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Ding H, Ding J, Liu W, Zhao X, Chi Q, Zhu K, Zhou X, Yang W. A phase-transfer crystallization pathway to synthesize ultrasmall silicoaluminophosphate for enhanced catalytic conversion of dimethylether-to-olefin. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01752b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This work reports a new phase-transfer crystallization pathway to generate ultrasmall silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-34 for enhanced catalytic dimethylether-to-olefin conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Ding
- Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
- Sinopec
- Shanghai 201208
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
- Sinopec
- Shanghai 201208
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Qijin Chi
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Denmark
- DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - Kake Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Xinggui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Weimin Yang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
- Sinopec
- Shanghai 201208
- P. R. China
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38
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Zhang HX, Yan X, Chen YX, Zhang SH, Li T, Han WK, Bao LY, Shen R, Gu ZG. A zeolite supramolecular framework with LTA topology based on a tetrahedral metal–organic cage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1120-1123. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08965e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel supramolecular framework featuring aluminosilicate Linde type A zeolite topology was assembled by using Fe4 coordination cages as building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Shu-Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Wang-Kang Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Ling-Yu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Rui Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Guo Gu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
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39
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Hu S, Song G, Xue D, Li F. Influence of alkalinity on the synthesis of hierarchical LTA zeolite by using bridged polysilsesquioxane. RSC Adv 2019; 9:2551-2558. [PMID: 35520489 PMCID: PMC9059882 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08952c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of formation of hierarchical LTA zeolite involved the methoxyl groups of bridged polysilsesquioxane hydrolyzing into hydroxyl groups. The Si–O–Si bond was formed between silicon hydroxyl and silica by dehydration, avoiding phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufang Hu
- Research Institute of Special Chemicals
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Guoqiang Song
- Research Institute of Special Chemicals
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Da Xue
- Research Institute of Special Chemicals
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Fuxiang Li
- Research Institute of Special Chemicals
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
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40
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Xu Y, Cui X, Qi K, Wei S, Wang Q, Zheng W. Interface engineered surface morphology evolution of Au@Pd core-shell nanorods. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21161-21167. [PMID: 30407474 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06835f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Engineering the interfacial structure of bimetallic nanocrystals is an effective method to improve their electrocatalytic performances. Here, we design a facile strategy for controlling the surface morphology evolution of Au@Pd core-shell nanorods by adjusting the solution supersaturation. The Pd shell of the as-prepared Au@Pd bimetallic nanorods can be modulated from a (111) facet-exposed island to a (100) facet-exposed conformal shell. The conformal shell structure exhibited enhanced catalytic performance toward the ethanol oxidation reaction, while the core-island structure possessed better catalytic stability. This work provides a facile method for interfacial engineering of bimetallic nanocrystals with desired morphology and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE and Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Fu D, Schmidt JE, Pletcher P, Karakiliç P, Ye X, Vis CM, Bruijnincx PCA, Filez M, Mandemaker LDB, Winnubst L, Weckhuysen BM. Uniformly Oriented Zeolite ZSM-5 Membranes with Tunable Wettability on a Porous Ceramic. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12458-12462. [PMID: 30039907 PMCID: PMC6391953 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Facile fabrication of well-intergrown, oriented zeolite membranes with tunable chemical properties on commercially proven substrates is crucial to broadening their applications for separation and catalysis. Rationally determined electrostatic adsorption can enable the direct attachment of a b-oriented silicalite-1 monolayer on a commercial porous ceramic substrate. Homoepitaxially oriented, well-intergrown zeolite ZSM-5 membranes with a tunable composition of Si/Al=25-∞ were obtained by secondary growth of the monolayer. Intercrystallite defects can be eliminated by using Na+ as the mineralizer to promote lateral crystal growth and suppress surface nucleation in the direction of the straight channels, as evidenced by atomic force microscopy measurements. Water permeation testing shows tunable wettability from hydrophobic to highly hydrophilic, giving the potential for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglong Fu
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Joel E. Schmidt
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Paul Pletcher
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Pelin Karakiliç
- Inorganic MembranesMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Twente7500AEEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Xinwei Ye
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Carolien M. Vis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Matthias Filez
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Laurens D. B. Mandemaker
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Louis Winnubst
- Inorganic MembranesMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Twente7500AEEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
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42
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Fu D, Schmidt JE, Pletcher P, Karakiliç P, Ye X, Vis CM, Bruijnincx PCA, Filez M, Mandemaker LDB, Winnubst L, Weckhuysen BM. Uniformly Oriented Zeolite ZSM-5 Membranes with Tunable Wettability on a Porous Ceramic. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donglong Fu
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Joel E. Schmidt
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Paul Pletcher
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Pelin Karakiliç
- Inorganic Membranes; MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Xinwei Ye
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Carolien M. Vis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Filez
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Laurens D. B. Mandemaker
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Louis Winnubst
- Inorganic Membranes; MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
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43
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Haouas M. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for In Situ Monitoring of Porous Materials Formation under Hydrothermal Conditions. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11081416. [PMID: 30103562 PMCID: PMC6119870 DOI: 10.3390/ma11081416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The employment of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for studying crystalline porous materials formation is reviewed in the context of the development of in situ methodologies for the observation of the real synthesis medium, with the aim of unraveling the nucleation and growth processes mechanism. Both liquid and solid state NMR techniques are considered to probe the local environment at molecular level of the precursor species either soluble in the liquid phase or present in the reactive gel. Because the mass transport between the liquid and solid components of the heterogeneous system plays a key role in the synthesis course, the two methods provide unique insights and are complementary. Recent technological advances for hydrothermal conditions NMR are detailed and their applications to zeolite and related materials crystallization are illustrated. Achievements in the field are exemplified with some representative studies of relevance to zeolites, aluminophosphate zeotypes, and metal-organic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Haouas
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, CNRS, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 av. des Etats-Unis, 78330 Versailles, France.
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44
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Li R, Chawla A, Linares N, Sutjianto JG, Chapman KW, Martínez JG, Rimer JD. Diverse Physical States of Amorphous Precursors in Zeolite Synthesis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b01695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Aseem Chawla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Noemi Linares
- Molecular Nanotechnology Lab, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - James G. Sutjianto
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Karena W. Chapman
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Javier García Martínez
- Molecular Nanotechnology Lab, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Jeffrey D. Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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