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Kolkowski R, Berkhout A, Roscam Abbing SDC, Pal D, Dieleman CD, Geuchies JJ, Houtepen AJ, Ehrler B, Koenderink AF. Temporal Dynamics of Collective Resonances in Periodic Metasurfaces. ACS PHOTONICS 2024; 11:2480-2496. [PMID: 38911846 PMCID: PMC11191746 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.4c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Temporal dynamics of confined optical fields can provide valuable insights into light-matter interactions in complex optical systems, going beyond their frequency-domain description. Here, we present a new experimental approach based on interferometric autocorrelation (IAC) that reveals the dynamics of optical near-fields enhanced by collective resonances in periodic metasurfaces. We focus on probing the resonances known as waveguide-plasmon polaritons, which are supported by plasmonic nanoparticle arrays coupled to a slab waveguide. To probe the resonant near-field enhancement, our IAC measurements make use of enhanced two-photon excited luminescence (TPEL) from semiconductor quantum dots deposited on the nanoparticle arrays. Thanks to the incoherent character of TPEL, the measurements are only sensitive to the fundamental optical fields and therefore can reveal clear signatures of their coherent temporal dynamics. In particular, we show that the excitation of a high-Q collective resonance gives rise to interference fringes at time delays as large as 500 fs, much greater than the incident pulse duration (150 fs). Based on these signatures, the basic characteristics of the resonances can be determined, including their Q factors, which are found to exceed 200. Furthermore, the measurements also reveal temporal beating between two different resonances, providing information on their frequencies and their relative contribution to the field enhancement. Finally, we present an approach to enhance the visibility of the resonances hidden in the IAC curves by converting them into spectrograms, which greatly facilitates the analysis and interpretation of the results. Our findings open up new perspectives on time-resolved studies of collective resonances in metasurfaces and other multiresonant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslaw Kolkowski
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, Aalto FI-00076, Finland
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Berkhout
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvianne D. C. Roscam Abbing
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
- Advanced
Research Center for Nanolithography (ARCNL), Science Park 106, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Debapriya Pal
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Christian D. Dieleman
- Advanced
Research Center for Nanolithography (ARCNL), Science Park 106, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
- Department
of Sustainable Energy Materials and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Jaco J. Geuchies
- Optoelectronic
Materials Section, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan J. Houtepen
- Optoelectronic
Materials Section, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Ehrler
- Department
of Sustainable Energy Materials and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - A. Femius Koenderink
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
- Institute
of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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He S, Wang Y, Wang T, Wu D, La J, Hu J, Zheng Y, Lv F, Huang Y, Wang W. Modulating Polarization in Second Harmonic Generation through Symmetry Evolution in Plasmonic Lattices. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8745-8753. [PMID: 38477519 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
We report a strategy for preparing cost-effective plasmonic square lattices with tunable unit structures of circles, crosses, and circle-cross pairs on a centimeter scale. The asymmetrical electromagnetic (EM) field distribution of the lattice enhances second harmonic generation (SHG) under oblique incidence. The SHG signals are progressively strengthened as the unit symmetry decreases from C∞v (circle) to C4v (cross) to C2v (circle-cross pair). The peak SHG signal is observed from the plasmonic lattice with a circle-cross pair, showcasing a conversion efficiency of 1.0 × 10-2, which is a 7.3-fold enhancement relative to the dielectric lattice comprised of circle units. This notably high conversion efficiency of SHG is on par with that of phase-matched bulk nanostructures under normal incidence, benefiting from the Bloch-surface plasmon polariton (Bloch-SPP) modes associated with the distribution of the photonic local density of states (LDOS). Furthermore, the SHG emission exhibits distinctive directional and polarization characteristics as the unit symmetry is reduced. This work offers valuable insights into a structural symmetry-dependent SHG in plasmonic lattices and the way forward for the design of functional nonlinear plasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia He
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
| | - Dongda Wu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
| | - Junqiao La
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
| | - Fanzhou Lv
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
| | - Yudie Huang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266500, China
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3
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Li D, Xu C, Xie J, Lee C. Research Progress in Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy: From Performance Optimization, Sensing Applications, to System Integration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2377. [PMID: 37630962 PMCID: PMC10458771 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Infrared absorption spectroscopy is an effective tool for the detection and identification of molecules. However, its application is limited by the low infrared absorption cross-section of the molecule, resulting in low sensitivity and a poor signal-to-noise ratio. Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy is a breakthrough technique that exploits the field-enhancing properties of periodic nanostructures to amplify the vibrational signals of trace molecules. The fascinating properties of SEIRA technology have aroused great interest, driving diverse sensing applications. In this review, we first discuss three ways for SEIRA performance optimization, including material selection, sensitivity enhancement, and bandwidth improvement. Subsequently, we discuss the potential applications of SEIRA technology in fields such as biomedicine and environmental monitoring. In recent years, we have ushered in a new era characterized by the Internet of Things, sensor networks, and wearable devices. These new demands spurred the pursuit of miniaturized and consolidated infrared spectroscopy systems and chips. In addition, the rise of machine learning has injected new vitality into SEIRA, bringing smart device design and data analysis to the foreground. The final section of this review explores the anticipated trajectory that SEIRA technology might take, highlighting future trends and possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Junsheng Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou 215123, China
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4
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Chen JA, Qin Y, Niu Y, Mao P, Song F, Palmer RE, Wang G, Zhang S, Han M. Broadband and Spectrally Selective Photothermal Conversion through Nanocluster Assembly of Disordered Plasmonic Metasurfaces. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7236-7243. [PMID: 37326318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic metasurfaces have been realized for efficient light absorption, thereby leading to photothermal conversion through nonradiative decay of plasmonic modes. However, current plasmonic metasurfaces suffer from inaccessible spectral ranges, costly and time-consuming nanolithographic top-down techniques for fabrication, and difficulty of scale-up. Here, we demonstrate a new type of disordered metasurface created by densely packing plasmonic nanoclusters of ultrasmall size on a planar optical cavity. The system either operates as a broadband absorber or offers a reconfigurable absorption band right across the visible region, resulting in continuous wavelength-tunable photothermal conversion. We further present a method to measure the temperature of plasmonic metasurfaces via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), by incorporating single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as an SERS probe within the metasurfaces. Our disordered plasmonic system, generated by a bottom-up process, offers excellent performance and compatibility with efficient photothermal conversion. Moreover, it also provides a novel platform for various hot-electron and energy-harvesting functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-An Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuyuan Qin
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yubiao Niu
- Nanomaterials Lab, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Bay Campus, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K
- We Are Nium Ltd. Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, OX11 0FA, U.K
| | - Peng Mao
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fengqi Song
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Richard E Palmer
- Nanomaterials Lab, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Bay Campus, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K
| | - Guanghou Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Min Han
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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5
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Jo K, Marino E, Lynch J, Jiang Z, Gogotsi N, Darlington TP, Soroush M, Schuck PJ, Borys NJ, Murray CB, Jariwala D. Direct nano-imaging of light-matter interactions in nanoscale excitonic emitters. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2649. [PMID: 37156799 PMCID: PMC10167231 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38189-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Strong light-matter interactions in localized nano-emitters placed near metallic mirrors have been widely reported via spectroscopic studies in the optical far-field. Here, we report a near-field nano-spectroscopic study of localized nanoscale emitters on a flat Au substrate. Using quasi 2-dimensional CdSe/CdxZn1-xS nanoplatelets, we observe directional propagation on the Au substrate of surface plasmon polaritons launched from the excitons of the nanoplatelets as wave-like fringe patterns in the near-field photoluminescence maps. These fringe patterns were confirmed via extensive electromagnetic wave simulations to be standing-waves formed between the tip and the edge-up assembled nano-emitters on the substrate plane. We further report that both light confinement and in-plane emission can be engineered by tuning the surrounding dielectric environment of the nanoplatelets. Our results lead to renewed understanding of in-plane, near-field electromagnetic signal transduction from the localized nano-emitters with profound implications in nano and quantum photonics as well as resonant optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoung Jo
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emanuele Marino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jason Lynch
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zhiqiao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Natalie Gogotsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Thomas P Darlington
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Mohammad Soroush
- Departement of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - P James Schuck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Nicholas J Borys
- Departement of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Deep Jariwala
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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6
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Liu YE, Shi X, Yokoyama T, Inoue S, Sunaba Y, Oshikiri T, Sun Q, Tamura M, Ishihara H, Sasaki K, Misawa H. Quantum-Coherence-Enhanced Hot-Electron Injection under Modal Strong Coupling. ACS NANO 2023; 17:8315-8323. [PMID: 37083316 PMCID: PMC10173689 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Modal strong coupling between localized surface plasmon resonance and a Fabry-Pérot nanocavity has been studied to improve the quantum efficiency of artificial photosynthesis. In this research, we employed Au nanodisk/titanium dioxide/Au film modal strong coupling structures to investigate the mechanism of quantum efficiency enhancement. We found that the quantum coherence within the structures enhances the apparent quantum efficiency of the hot-electron injection from the Au nanodisks to the titanium dioxide layer. Under near-field mapping using photoemission electron microscopy, the existence of quantum coherence was directly observed. Furthermore, the coherence area was quantitatively evaluated by analyzing the relationship between the splitting energy and the particle number density of the Au nanodisks. This quantum-coherence-enhanced hot-electron injection is supported by our theoretical model. Based on these results, applying quantum coherence to photochemical reaction systems is expected to effectively enhance reaction efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-En Liu
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Xu Shi
- Creative Research Institution, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yokoyama
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Soshun Inoue
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yuji Sunaba
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Tomoya Oshikiri
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
- Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Quan Sun
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tamura
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Research Institute for Light-Induced Acceleration System, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Hajime Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Keiji Sasaki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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7
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Qin Y, Xu Y, Ji B, Song X, Lin J. Coaction effect of radiative and non-radiative damping on the lifetime of localized surface plasmon modes in individual gold nanorods. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:104701. [PMID: 36922139 DOI: 10.1063/5.0134709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Revealing the coaction effect of radiative and non-radiative damping on the lifetime of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) mode is a prerequisite for the applications of LSPR. Here, we systematically investigated the coaction effect of radiative and non-radiative damping on the lifetime of the super-radiant and sub-radiant LSPR modes of gold nanorods using time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM). The results show that the lifetime of the LSPR mode depends on the length of the gold nanorod, and the different variation behavior of an LSPR mode lifetime exists between the super-radiative mode and the sub-radiative one with the increase of nanorod length (volume). Surprisingly, it is found that the lifetime of the super-radiant LSPR mode can be comparable to or even longer than that of the sub-radiant LSPR mode, instead of the usual claim that a sub-radiant LSPR mode has a longer life than the super-radiant mode. Those TR-PEEM experimental results are supported by finite-difference time-domain simulations and are well explained by the coaction effect with the calculation of the radiative and non-radiative damping rate with the increase of the nanorod volume. We believe that this study is beneficial to build a low-threshold nano-laser and ultrasensitive molecular spectroscopy system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Qin
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyu Ji
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingquan Lin
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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8
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Xu X, Xiao T, Zhang C, Wang Z, Li G, Chen J, Ouyang Z, Wang H, Shi X, Shen M. Multifunctional Low-Generation Dendrimer Nanogels as an Emerging Probe for Tumor-Specific CT/MR Dual-Modal Imaging. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:967-976. [PMID: 36607255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanoprobes that have amplified enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is crucial for their precise cancer diagnosis performance. Here, we present the development of functional dendrimer-based nanogels (DNGs) with the generation three primary amine-terminated poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers (G3·NH2) cross-linked by N,N'-bis(acryloyl) cystamine (BAC). The DNGs were prepared through a Michael addition reaction between G3·NH2 dendrimers and BAC via an inverse microemulsion method and entrapped with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to form Au-DNGs. The Au-DNGs were sequentially modified with diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA)-gadolinium (Gd) complex, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-linked arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD) peptide, and 1,3-propanesultone (1,3-PS). The formed multifunctional RGD-Gd@Au-DNGs-PS (R-G@ADP) possessing an average diameter of 122 nm are colloidally stable and display a high X-ray attenuation coefficient, excellent r1 relaxivity (9.13 mM-1 s-1), desired protein resistance rendered by the zwitterionic modification, and cytocompatibility. With the targeting specificity mediated by RGD and the much better tumor penetration capability than the counterpart material of single dendrimer-entrapped Au NPs, the developed multifunctional R-G@ADP enable targeted and enhanced computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance (MR) dual-modal imaging of a pancreatic tumor model in vivo. The current work demonstrates a unique design of targeted and zwitterionic DNGs with prolonged blood circulation time as an emerging nanoprobe for specific tumor CT/MR imaging through amplified passive EPR effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Changchang Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gaoming Li
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Zhijun Ouyang
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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9
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Bai Y, Zheng H, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Liu SD. Perfect absorption and phase singularities induced by surface lattice resonances for plasmonic nanoparticle array on a metallic film. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:45400-45412. [PMID: 36522946 DOI: 10.1364/oe.475248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The formation of pairs of perfect absorption associated with phase singularities in the parameter space using the hybridized structure constructed with a metallic nanoparticle array and a metallic film is promising to enhance light-mater interactions. However, the localized plasmon resonances of the array possess strong radiative losses, which is an obstacle to improve the performances for many applications. On the contrary with the subwavelength array hybridized structure, this study shows that by enlarging the lattice spacing, the oscillator strength of the nanoparticles can be enhanced with the formation of surface lattice resonance, thereby leading to similar but much narrower pairs of perfect absorption due to the interactions with the Fabry-Pérot cavity modes. Furthermore, when the surface plasmon polariton mode shift to the same spectral range associated with the enlarged lattice spacing, the coupling and mode hybridization with the surface lattice resonance result in an anticrossing in the spectra. Although the resonance coupling does not enter the strong coupling regime, the quality factors (∼ 134) and near-field enhancements (∼ 44) are strongly enhanced for the hybridized resonance modes due to the effectively suppressed radiative losses compared with that of the localized plasmon resonances, which make the hybridized structure useful for the design of functional nanophotonic device such as biosensing, multi-model nanolasing, and high-quality imaging.
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10
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Ravishankar AP, Vennberg F, Anand S. Strong optical coupling in metallo-dielectric hybrid metasurfaces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:42512-44524. [PMID: 36366704 DOI: 10.1364/oe.473358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces consisting of hybrid metal/dielectric nanostructures carry advantages of both material platforms. The hybrid structures can not only confine electromagnetic fields in subwavelength regions, but they may also lower the absorption losses. Such optical characteristics are difficult to realize in metamaterials with only metal or dielectric structures. Hybrid designs also expand the scope of material choices and the types of optical modes that can be excited in a metasurface, thereby allowing novel light matter interactions. Here, we present a metallo-dielectric hybrid metasurface design consisting of a high-index dielectric (silicon) nanodisk array on top of a metal layer (aluminum) separated by a buffer oxide (silica) layer. The dimensions of Si nanodisks are tuned to support anapole states and the period of the nanodisk array is designed to excite surface plasmon polariton (SPP) at the metal-buffer oxide interface. The physical dimensions of the Si nanodisk and the array periods are optimized to excite the anapole and the SPP at normal incidence of light in the visible-NIR (400-900 nm) wavelength range. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations show that, when the nanodisk grating is placed at a specific height (∼200 nm) from the metal surface, the two modes strongly couple at zero detuning of the resonances. The strong coupling is evident from the avoided crossing of the modes observed in the reflectance spectra and in the spectral profile of light absorption inside the Si nanodisk. A vacuum Rabi splitting of up to ∼ 129 meV is achievable by optimizing the diameters of Si nanodisk and the nanodisk array grating period. The proposed metasurface design is promising to realize open cavity strongly coupled optical systems operating at room temperatures.
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11
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Lightwave nano-converging enhancement by an arrayed optical antenna based on metallic nano-cone-tips for CMOS imaging detection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15761. [PMID: 36131000 PMCID: PMC9492716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A kind of gold-coated glass nano-cone-tips (GGNCTs) is developed as an arrayed optical antenna for highly receiving and converging incident lightwaves. A local light field enhancement factor (LFEF) of ~ 2 × 104 and maximum light absorption of ~ 98% can be achieved. The near-field lightwave measurements at the wavelength of 633 nm show that the surface net charges over a single GGNCT make a typical dipole oscillation and the energy transmits along the wave vector orientation, thus leading to a strong local light field enhancement. An effective detection method by near-field coupling an arrayed GGNCT and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor for highly efficient imaging detection is proposed. The lightwave detection at several wavelengths, including typical 473 nm, 532 nm, 671 nm, and 980 nm, shows a notable characteristic that a better capability of the net charge distribution adjusting and localized aggregating can be obtained at the absorption peak of the GGNCT developed and a stronger signal detection achieved. The research lays a foundation for further developing a light detector with an ideal optoelectronic sensitivity and broad spectral suitability, which is based on integrating GGNCTs as an arrayed optical antenna with common sensors.
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12
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Cheng OHC, Zhao B, Brawley Z, Son DH, Sheldon MT. Active Tuning of Plasmon Damping via Light Induced Magnetism. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5120-5126. [PMID: 35759697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Circularly polarized optical excitation of plasmonic nanostructures causes coherent circulating motion of their electrons, which in turn gives rise to strong optically induced magnetization, a phenomenon known as the inverse Faraday effect (IFE). In this study we report how the IFE also significantly decreases plasmon damping. By modulating the optical polarization state incident on achiral plasmonic nanostructures from linear to circular, we observe reversible increases of reflectance by up to 8% and simultaneous increases of optical field concentration by 35.7% under 109 W/m2 continuous wave (CW) optical excitation. These signatures of decreased plasmon damping were also monitored in the presence of an external magnetic field (0.2 T). We rationalize the observed decreases in plasmon damping in terms of the Lorentz forces acting on the circulating electron trajectories. Our results outline strategies for actively modulating intrinsic losses in the metal via optomagnetic effects encoded in the polarization state of incident light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Hsu-Cheng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Boqin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Zachary Brawley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Dong Hee Son
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science and Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering, Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthew T Sheldon
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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13
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Yan Q, Cao E, Sun Q, Ao Y, Hu X, Shi X, Gong Q, Misawa H. Near-Field Imaging and Time-Domain Dynamics of Photonic Topological Edge States in Plasmonic Nanochains. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:9270-9278. [PMID: 34670093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Time-domain dynamic evolution properties of topological states play an important role in both fundamental physics study and practical applications of topological photonics. However, owing to the absence of available ultrafast time-domain dynamic characterization methods, studies have mostly focused on the frequency-domain-based properties, and there are few reports demonstrating the time-domain-based properties. Here, we measured the dynamic near-field responses of plasmonic topological structures of gold nanochains with the configuration of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model by using ultrahigh spatial-temporal resolution photoemission electron microscopy. The dephasing time of plasmonic topological edge states increases with increasing the bulk lattice number that has a threshold requirement and finally reaches saturation. We directly revealed through simulation that there is a transient bulk state in the evolution of topological edge states, that is, the energy undergoes relaxation from oscillation between the bulk lattice and the edge. This work shows a new perspective of time-domain dynamic topological photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuchen Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - En Cao
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Quan Sun
- Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, P.R. China
| | - Yutian Ao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
- Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P.R. China
| | - Xu Shi
- Creative Research Institution, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
- Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P.R. China
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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14
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Oshikiri T, Sun Q, Yamada H, Zu S, Sasaki K, Misawa H. Extrinsic Chirality by Interference between Two Plasmonic Modes on an Achiral Rectangular Nanostructure. ACS NANO 2021; 15:16802-16810. [PMID: 34582163 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The optical near field (NF) induced by circularly polarized light (CPL) is a hot scientific topic. We observed a chiral NF intensity distribution on a series of achiral gold nanorectangular structures (Au-NRs) under CPL irradiation by using multiphoton photoemission electron microscopy (MP-PEEM). Additionally, the differential NF spectra under left and right CPL irradiation, which represent the asymmetry of the NF intensity distribution, were investigated. We propose an interpretation that the chiral NF intensity distribution on an achiral metallic nanostructure is extrinsically generated by the interference between two plasmonic modes by combining state-of-the-art MP-PEEM techniques and the classical oscillator model. Our interpretation well explains both the experimental and simulation results. Furthermore, the intensity of the NF and its phase angle of each mode under linearly polarized light irradiation were revealed to be critical factors for the generation of extrinsic chirality in the NF intensity distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Oshikiri
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Quan Sun
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamada
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shuai Zu
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Keiji Sasaki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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15
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Kitajima Y, Sakamoto H, Ueno K. Coupled plasmonic systems: controlling the plasmon dynamics and spectral modulations for molecular detection. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5187-5201. [PMID: 33687413 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06681h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This review describes recent studies on coupled plasmonic systems for controlling plasmon dynamics and molecular detection using spectral modulations. The plasmon dephasing time can be controlled by weak and strong coupling regimes between the plasmonic nanostructures or localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) and the other optical modes such as microcavities. The modal coupling induces near-field enhancement by extending the plasmon dephasing time to increase the near-field enhancement at certain wavelengths resulting in the enhancement of molecular detection. On the other hand, the interaction between LSPR and molecular excited or vibrational states also modulates the resonance spectrum, which can also be used for detecting a small number of molecules with a subtle change in the spectrum. The spectral modulation is induced by weak and strong couplings between LSPRs and the electronic or vibrational states of molecules, and this method is sensitive enough to measure a single molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kitajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Hiyori Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Kosei Ueno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
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16
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Shalem G, Erez-Cohen O, Mahalu D, Bar-Joseph I. Light Emission in Metal-Semiconductor Tunnel Junctions: Direct Evidence for Electron Heating by Plasmon Decay. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:1282-1287. [PMID: 33497237 PMCID: PMC7883388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We study metal-insulator-semiconductor tunnel junctions where the metal electrode is a patterned gold layer, the insulator is a thin layer of Al2O3, and the semiconductor is p-type silicon. We observe light emission due to plasmon-assisted inelastic tunneling from the metal to the silicon valence band. The emission cutoff shifts to higher energies with increasing voltage, a clear signature of electrically driven plasmons. The cutoff energy exceeds the applied voltage, and a large fraction of the emission is above the threshold, ℏω > eV. We find that the emission spectrum manifests the Fermi-Dirac distribution of the electrons in the gold electrode. This distribution can be used to determine the effective electron temperature, Te, which is shown to have a linear dependence on the applied voltage. The strong correlation of Te with the plasmon energy serves as evidence that the mechanism for heating the electrons is plasmon decay at the source metal electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Shalem
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Omer Erez-Cohen
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Diana Mahalu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Israel Bar-Joseph
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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17
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Zong C, Xie Y, Zhang M, Huang Y, Yang C, Cheng JX. Plasmon-enhanced coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering vs plasmon-enhanced stimulated Raman scattering: Comparison of line shape and enhancement factor. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:034201. [PMID: 33499625 PMCID: PMC7816769 DOI: 10.1063/5.0035163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmon-enhanced coherent Raman scattering microscopy has reached single-molecule detection sensitivity. Due to the different driven fields, there are significant differences between a coherent Raman scattering process and its plasmon-enhanced derivative. The commonly accepted line shapes for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and stimulated Raman scattering do not hold for the plasmon-enhanced condition. Here, we present a theoretical model that describes the spectral line shapes in plasmon-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (PECARS). Experimentally, we measured PECARS and plasmon-enhanced stimulated Raman scattering (PESRS) spectra of 4-mercaptopyridine adsorbed on the self-assembled Au nanoparticle (NP) substrate and aggregated Au NP colloids. The PECARS spectra show a nondispersive line shape, while the PESRS spectra exhibit a dispersive line shape. PECARS shows a higher signal to noise ratio and a larger enhancement factor than PESRS from the same specimen. It is verified that the nonresonant background in PECARS originates from the photoluminescence of nanostructures. The decoupling of background and the vibrational resonance component results in the nondispersive line shape in PECARS. More local electric field enhancements are involved in the PECARS process than in PESRS, which results in a higher enhancement factor in PECARS. The current work provides new insight into the mechanism of plasmon-enhanced coherent Raman scattering and helps to optimize the experimental design for ultrasensitive chemical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Yurun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Yimin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | | | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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18
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Wang CY, Sang Y, Yang X, Raja SS, Cheng CW, Li H, Ding Y, Sun S, Ahn H, Shih CK, Gwo S, Shi J. Engineering Giant Rabi Splitting via Strong Coupling between Localized and Propagating Plasmon Modes on Metal Surface Lattices: Observation of √N Scaling Rule. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:605-611. [PMID: 33350840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a strong coupling system realized by coupling the localized surface plasmon mode in individual silver nanogrooves and propagating surface plasmon modes launched by periodic nanogroove arrays with varied periodicities on a continuous silver medium. When the propagating modes are in resonance with the localized mode, we observe a √N scaling of Rabi splitting energy, where N is the number of propagating modes coupled to the localized mode. Here, we confirm a giant Rabi splitting on the order of 450-660 meV (N = 2) in the visible spectral range, and the corresponding coupling strength is 160-235 meV. In some of the strong coupling cases studied by us, the coupling strength is about 10% of the mode energy, reaching the ultrastrong coupling regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yuan Wang
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yungang Sang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Soniya S Raja
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Cheng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Haozhi Li
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yufeng Ding
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuoyan Sun
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hyeyoung Ahn
- Department of Photonics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kang Shih
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shangjr Gwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jinwei Shi
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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19
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Fu Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Zhang X. A spatially pinned surface plasmon through short-circuiting electronic oscillation in waveguide-sustained SPPs. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:21703-21712. [PMID: 33094789 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05991a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A spatially pinned surface plasmon is constructed by connecting a gold nanoshell grating with a planar gold nanofilm, forming a periodical array of gold nanoloops. Dramatic electric field modulation and high charge carrier density on the contact sites enable balanced plasmonic electron distribution over the spatially pinned nanostructures. Compared with its counterpart, spacer-supported double-layer surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), the pinned structure not only changed the electronic oscillation channels but also short-circuited the propagating SPPs at the top and bottom interfaces. Ultrafast spectroscopic dynamics identified a much-extended relaxation lifetime of the pinned plasmon and revealed a holding time as long as 1.3 ps for the double-layer SPPs, which was sustained by microcavities based on distributed optical feedback. These results introduced a new type of surface plasmon and a new design of time retarders for optical logic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Fu
- Institute of Information Photonics Technology and Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
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20
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Sun Q, Zu S, Misawa H. Ultrafast photoemission electron microscopy: Capability and potential in probing plasmonic nanostructures from multiple domains. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:120902. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0013659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Sun
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shuai Zu
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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21
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Wallentine S, Bandaranayake S, Biswas S, Baker LR. Plasmon-Resonant Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation of Electrochemical Interfaces: Direct Observation of Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction on Gold. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:8057-8064. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c04268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Spencer Wallentine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Savini Bandaranayake
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Somnath Biswas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - L. Robert Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Da Browski M, Dai Y, Petek H. Ultrafast Photoemission Electron Microscopy: Imaging Plasmons in Space and Time. Chem Rev 2020; 120:6247-6287. [PMID: 32530607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonics is a rapidly growing field spanning research and applications across chemistry, physics, optics, energy harvesting, and medicine. Ultrafast photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) has demonstrated unprecedented power in the characterization of surface plasmons and other electronic excitations, as it uniquely combines the requisite spatial and temporal resolution, making it ideally suited for 3D space and time coherent imaging of the dynamical plasmonic phenomena on the nanofemto scale. The ability to visualize plasmonic fields evolving at the local speed of light on subwavelength scale with optical phase resolution illuminates old phenomena and opens new directions for growth of plasmonics research. In this review, we guide the reader thorough experimental description of PEEM as a characterization tool for both surface plasmon polaritons and localized plasmons and summarize the exciting progress it has opened by the ultrafast imaging of plasmonic phenomena on the nanofemto scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Da Browski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QL, U.K
| | - Yanan Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Hrvoje Petek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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23
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Oshikiri T, Shi X, Misawa H. Enhancement of Selective Fixation of Dinitrogen to Ammonia under Modal Strong Coupling Conditions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Oshikiri
- Research Institute for Electronic Science Hokkaido University N21 W10, CRIS Bldg., Kita‐ku 001‐0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Xu Shi
- Research Institute for Electronic Science Hokkaido University N21 W10, CRIS Bldg., Kita‐ku 001‐0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science Hokkaido University N21 W10, CRIS Bldg., Kita‐ku 001‐0021 Sapporo Japan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science National Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta Hsueh R. 30010 Hsinchu Taiwan
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F. Carvalho WO, Mejía-Salazar JR. Plasmonics for Telecommunications Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:s20092488. [PMID: 32354016 PMCID: PMC7250033 DOI: 10.3390/s20092488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic materials, when properly illuminated with visible or near-infrared wavelengths, exhibit unique and interesting features that can be exploited for tailoring and tuning the light radiation and propagation properties at nanoscale dimensions. A variety of plasmonic heterostructures have been demonstrated for optical-signal filtering, transmission, detection, transportation, and modulation. In this review, state-of-the-art plasmonic structures used for telecommunications applications are summarized. In doing so, we discuss their distinctive roles on multiple approaches including beam steering, guiding, filtering, modulation, switching, and detection, which are all of prime importance for the development of the sixth generation (6G) cellular networks.
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25
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Xu Y, Qin Y, Ji B, Song X, Lin J. Polarization manipulated femtosecond localized surface plasmon dephasing time in an individual bowtie structure. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:9310-9319. [PMID: 32225540 DOI: 10.1364/oe.379429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The performance of plasmon in applications is strongly related to plasmon damping, i.e., a dephasing of the optical polarization associated with the electron oscillation. Accurate measurement, manipulation, and, ultimately, prolongation of the dephasing time are prerequisites to the future development of the application of plasmonics. Here, we studied the dephasing time of different plasmonic hotspots in an individual bowtie structure by time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy and proposed an easy-to-operate method for actively and flexibly controlling the mode-dependent plasmon dephasing time by varying the polarization direction of a femtosecond laser. Experimentally, we achieved a large adjustment of the dephasing time ranging from 7 to 17 fs. In addition, a structural defect was found to drastically extend the plasmon dephasing time. Assisted with the finite-difference time-domain simulation, the underlying physics of the dephasing time extension by the structural defect was given.
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26
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Zhong JH, Vogelsang J, Yi JM, Wang D, Wittenbecher L, Mikaelsson S, Korte A, Chimeh A, Arnold CL, Schaaf P, Runge E, Huillier AL, Mikkelsen A, Lienau C. Nonlinear plasmon-exciton coupling enhances sum-frequency generation from a hybrid metal/semiconductor nanostructure. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1464. [PMID: 32193407 PMCID: PMC7081225 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of metallic plasmonic nanoantennas with quantum emitters can dramatically enhance coherent harmonic generation, often resulting from the coupling of fundamental plasmonic fields to higher-energy, electronic or excitonic transitions of quantum emitters. The ultrafast optical dynamics of such hybrid plasmon-emitter systems have rarely been explored. Here, we study those dynamics by interferometrically probing nonlinear optical emission from individual porous gold nanosponges infiltrated with zinc oxide (ZnO) emitters. Few-femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron emission microscopy reveals multiple long-lived localized plasmonic hot spot modes, at the surface of the randomly disordered nanosponges, that are resonant in a broad spectral range. The locally enhanced plasmonic near-field couples to the ZnO excitons, enhancing sum-frequency generation from individual hot spots and boosting resonant excitonic emission. The quantum pathways of the coupling are uncovered from a two-dimensional spectrum correlating fundamental plasmonic excitations to nonlinearly driven excitonic emissions. Our results offer new opportunities for enhancing and coherently controlling optical nonlinearities by exploiting nonlinear plasmon-quantum emitter coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Zhong
- Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jan Vogelsang
- Department of Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.,Nano Lund, Lund University, Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jue-Min Yi
- Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Dong Wang
- Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano® and Institut für Werkstofftechnik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Lukas Wittenbecher
- Department of Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.,Nano Lund, Lund University, Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Mikaelsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anke Korte
- Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Abbas Chimeh
- Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Cord L Arnold
- Department of Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Schaaf
- Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano® and Institut für Werkstofftechnik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Erich Runge
- Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano® and Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
| | | | - Anders Mikkelsen
- Department of Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.,Nano Lund, Lund University, Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christoph Lienau
- Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany. .,Forschungszentrum Neurosensorik, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
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27
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Shibata K, Fujii S, Sun Q, Miura A, Ueno K. Further enhancement of the near-field on Au nanogap dimers using quasi-dark plasmon modes. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:104706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5142569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kizuku Shibata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Sho Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kosei Ueno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
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28
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Oshikiri T, Sawayanagi H, Nakamura K, Ueno K, Katase T, Ohta H, Misawa H. Arbitrary control of the diffusion potential between a plasmonic metal and a semiconductor by an angstrom-thick interface dipole layer. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:034705. [PMID: 31968952 DOI: 10.1063/1.5134900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) are gaining considerable attention due to the unique far-field and near-field optical properties and applications. Additionally, the Fermi energy, which is the chemical potential, of plasmonic nanoparticles is one of the key properties to control hot-electron and -hole transfer at the interface between plasmonic nanoparticles and a semiconductor. In this article, we tried to control the diffusion potential of the plasmonic system by manipulating the interface dipole. We fabricated solid-state photoelectric conversion devices in which gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are located between strontium titanate (SrTiO3) as an electron transfer material and nickel oxide (NiO) as a hole transport material. Lanthanum aluminate as an interface dipole layer was deposited on the atomic layer scale at the three-phase interface of Au-NPs, SrTiO3, and NiO, and the effect was investigated by photoelectric measurements. Importantly, the diffusion potential between the plasmonic metal and a semiconductor can be arbitrarily controlled by the averaged thickness and direction of the interface dipole layer. The insertion of an only one unit cell (uc) interface dipole layer, whose thickness was less than 0.5 nm, dramatically controlled the diffusion potential formed between the plasmonic nanoparticles and surrounding media. This is a new methodology to control the plasmonic potential without applying external stimuli, such as an applied potential or photoirradiation, and without changing the base materials. In particular, it is very beneficial for plasmonic devices in that the interface dipole has the ability not only to decrease but also to increase the open-circuit voltage on the order of several hundreds of millivolts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Oshikiri
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0026, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sawayanagi
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0026, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakamura
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0026, Japan
| | - Kosei Ueno
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0026, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Katase
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0026, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ohta
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0026, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0026, Japan
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29
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Wang J, Yang W, Radjenovic PM, He Y, Yang Z, Li JF. Strong coupling between magnetic resonance and propagating surface plasmons at visible light frequencies. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:014702. [PMID: 31914769 DOI: 10.1063/1.5133942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-matter interactions in nanostructures have shown great potential in physics, chemistry, surface science, materials science, and nanophotonics. Herein, for the first time, the feasibility of strong coupling between plasmon-induced magnetic resonant and propagating surface plasmonic modes at visible light frequencies is theoretically demonstrated. Taking advantage of the strong coupling between these modes allowed for a narrow-linewidth hybrid mode with a huge electromagnetic field enhancement to be acquired. This work can serve as a promising guide for designing a platform with strong coupling based on magnetic resonance at visible and even ultraviolet light frequencies and also offers an avenue for further exploration of strong light-matter interactions at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Weimin Yang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Petar M Radjenovic
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yonglin He
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhilin Yang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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30
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Gao M, He Y, Chen Y, Shih TM, Yang W, Wang J, Zhao F, Li MD, Chen H, Yang Z. Tunable surface plasmon polaritons and ultrafast dynamics in 2D nanohole arrays. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16428-16436. [PMID: 31441473 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03478a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-quality and unique surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with a narrow linewidth and controllable resonance energy plays a key role in wide applications including ultrahigh-resolution spectroscopy, on-chip sensing, optical modulation, and solar cell technology. In this work, the response of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes in Au nanohole arrays has been effectively tuned by properly adjusting the sample orientation without changing the geometrical parameters, and a very narrow linewidth down to 8 nm is achieved via the strong interference of two (0, -1) and (-1, 0) SPP modes in the Γ-M direction under transverse magnetic polarization. These results have been validated excellently by finite-element-method numerical simulations. More importantly, we have quantitatively investigated the contribution of conduction-band electron distribution to the SPP intensity of the array within a 20 ps timescale with ultrahigh sensitivity by utilizing home-built femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, and observed the minimum SPP intensity at ∼700 fs following excitation with a 0.2 μJ pulse. This study may help enhance the understanding toward the intrinsic micromechanism of SPR, thus offering opportunities for potential applications in strong coupling and new-style optical wave manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gao
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Yonglin He
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Tien-Mo Shih
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Weimin Yang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Ming-De Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Huanyang Chen
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhilin Yang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
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31
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Gliserin A, Chew SH, Choi S, Kim K, Hallinan DT, Oh JW, Kim S, Kim DE. Interferometric time- and energy-resolved photoemission electron microscopy for few-femtosecond nanoplasmonic dynamics. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:093904. [PMID: 31575236 DOI: 10.1063/1.5110705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report a time-resolved normal-incidence photoemission electron microscope with an imaging time-of-flight detector using ∼7-fs near-infrared laser pulses and a phase-stabilized interferometer for studying ultrafast nanoplasmonic dynamics via nonlinear photoemission from metallic nanostructures. The interferometer's stability (35 ± 6 as root-mean-square from 0.2 Hz to 40 kHz) as well as on-line characterization of the driving laser field, which is a requirement for nanoplasmonic near-field reconstruction, is discussed in detail. We observed strong field enhancement and few-femtosecond localized surface plasmon lifetimes at a monolayer of self-assembled gold nanospheres with ∼40 nm diameter and ∼2 nm interparticle distance. A wide range of plasmon resonance frequencies could be simultaneously detected in the time domain at different nanospheres, which are distinguishable already within the first optical cycle or as close as about ±1 fs around time-zero. Energy-resolved imaging (microspectroscopy) additionally revealed spectral broadening due to strong-field or space charge effects. These results provide a clear path toward visualizing optically excited nanoplasmonic near-fields at ultimate spatiotemporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gliserin
- Department of Physics, Center for Attosecond Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Soo Hoon Chew
- Department of Physics, Center for Attosecond Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Sungho Choi
- Department of Physics, Center for Attosecond Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Kyoungmin Kim
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Daniel T Hallinan
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Jin-Woo Oh
- Department of Nano Energy Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Seungchul Kim
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Dong Eon Kim
- Department of Physics, Center for Attosecond Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang 37673, South Korea
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32
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Song T, Chen Z, Zhang W, Lin L, Bao Y, Wu L, Zhou ZK. Compounding Plasmon⁻Exciton Strong Coupling System with Gold Nanofilm to Boost Rabi Splitting. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9040564. [PMID: 30959968 PMCID: PMC6523316 DOI: 10.3390/nano9040564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Various plasmonic nanocavities possessing an extremely small mode volume have been developed and applied successfully in the study of strong light-matter coupling. Driven by the desire of constructing quantum networks and other functional quantum devices, a growing trend of strong coupling research is to explore the possibility of fabricating simple strong coupling nanosystems as the building blocks to construct complex systems or devices. Herein, we investigate such a nanocube-exciton building block (i.e. AuNC@J-agg), which is fabricated by coating Au nanocubes with excitonic J-aggregate molecules. The extinction spectra of AuNC@J-agg assembly, as well as the dark field scattering spectra of the individual nanocube-exciton, exhibit Rabi splitting of 100–140 meV, which signifies strong plasmon–exciton coupling. We further demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a more complex system of AuNC@J-agg on Au film, which achieves a much stronger coupling, with Rabi splitting of 377 meV. This work provides a practical pathway of building complex systems from building blocks, which are simple strong coupling systems, which lays the foundation for exploring further fundamental studies or inventing novel quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Song
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Zhanxu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guang Dong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510665, China.
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Limin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Yanjun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Lin Wu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
| | - Zhang-Kai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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