1
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Junglas B, Hudina E, Schönnenbeck P, Ritter I, Heddier A, Santiago-Schübel B, Huesgen PF, Schneider D, Sachse C. Structural plasticity of bacterial ESCRT-III protein PspA in higher-order assemblies. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024:10.1038/s41594-024-01359-7. [PMID: 39152237 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic members of the endosome sorting complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III) family have been shown to form diverse higher-order assemblies. The bacterial phage shock protein A (PspA) has been identified as a member of the ESCRT-III superfamily, and PspA homo-oligomerizes to form rod-shaped assemblies. As observed for eukaryotic ESCRT-III, PspA forms tubular assemblies of varying diameters. Using electron cryo-electron microscopy, we determined 61 Synechocystis PspA structures and observed in molecular detail how the structural plasticity of PspA rods is mediated by conformational changes at three hinge regions in the monomer and by the fixed and changing molecular contacts between protomers. Moreover, we reduced and increased the structural plasticity of PspA rods by removing the loop connecting helices α3/α4 and the addition of nucleotides, respectively. Based on our analysis of PspA-mediated membrane remodeling, we suggest that the observed mode of structural plasticity is a prerequisite for the biological function of ESCRT-III members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Junglas
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Esther Hudina
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Schönnenbeck
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ilona Ritter
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anja Heddier
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beatrix Santiago-Schübel
- Zentralinstitut für Engineering, Elektronik und Analytik (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Pitter F Huesgen
- Zentralinstitut für Engineering, Elektronik und Analytik (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Aging-related Disorders (CECAD), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Sachse
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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2
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Mohd S, Oder A, Specker E, Neuenschwander M, Von Kries JP, Daumke O. Identification of drug-like molecules targeting the ATPase activity of dynamin-like EHD4. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302704. [PMID: 39074100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Eps15 (epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15) homology domain-containing proteins (EHDs) comprise a family of eukaryotic dynamin-related ATPases that participate in various endocytic membrane trafficking pathways. Dysregulation of EHDs function has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer. The lack of small molecule inhibitors which acutely target individual EHD members has hampered progress in dissecting their detailed cellular membrane trafficking pathways and their function during disease. Here, we established a Malachite green-based assay compatible with high throughput screening to monitor the liposome-stimulated ATPase of EHD4. In this way, we identified a drug-like molecule that inhibited EHD4's liposome-stimulated ATPase activity. Structure activity relationship (SAR) studies indicated sites of preferred substitutions for more potent inhibitor synthesis. Moreover, the assay optimization in this work can be applied to other dynamin family members showing a weak and liposome-dependent nucleotide hydrolysis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Mohd
- Structural Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Oder
- Screening Unit, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edgar Specker
- Screening Unit, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Neuenschwander
- Screening Unit, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Peter Von Kries
- Screening Unit, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Structural Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Frisby D, Murakonda AB, Ashraf B, Dhawan K, Almeida-Souza L, Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Endosomal actin branching, fission and receptor recycling require FCHSD2 recruitment by MICAL-L1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.27.601011. [PMID: 38979241 PMCID: PMC11230409 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.27.601011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Endosome fission is required for the release of carrier vesicles and the recycling of receptors to the plasma membrane. Early events in endosome budding and fission rely on actin branching to constrict the endosomal membrane, ultimately leading to nucleotide hydrolysis and enzymatic fission. However, our current understanding of this process is limited, particularly regarding the coordination between the early and late steps of endosomal fission. Here we have identified a novel interaction between the endosomal scaffolding protein, MICAL-L1, and the human homolog of the Drosophila Nervous Wreck (Nwk) protein, FCH and double SH3 domains protein 2 (FCHSD2). We demonstrate that MICAL-L1 recruits FCHSD2 to the endosomal membrane, where it is required for ARP2/3-mediated generation of branched actin, endosome fission and receptor recycling to the plasma membrane. Since MICAL-L1 first recruits FCHSD2 to the endosomal membrane, and is subsequently responsible for recruitment of the ATPase and fission protein EHD1 to endosomes, our findings support a model in which MICAL-L1 orchestrates endosomal fission by connecting between the early actin-driven and subsequent nucleotide hydrolysis steps of the process.
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4
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Swaminathan U, Pucadyil TJ. Reconstituting membrane fission using a high content and throughput assay. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:1449-1457. [PMID: 38747723 DOI: 10.1042/bst20231325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Protein-mediated membrane fission has been analyzed both in bulk and at the single event resolution. Studies on membrane fission in vitro using tethers have provided fundamental insights into the process but are low in throughput. In recent years, supported membrane template (SMrT) have emerged as a facile and convenient assay system for membrane fission. SMrTs provide useful information on intermediates in the pathway to fission and are therefore high in content. They are also high in throughput because numerous fission events can be monitored in a single experiment. This review discusses the utility of SMrTs in providing insights into fission pathways and its adaptation to annotate membrane fission functions in proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Swaminathan
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
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5
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Gopaldass N, Chen KE, Collins B, Mayer A. Assembly and fission of tubular carriers mediating protein sorting in endosomes. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00746-8. [PMID: 38886588 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Endosomes are central protein-sorting stations at the crossroads of numerous membrane trafficking pathways in all eukaryotes. They have a key role in protein homeostasis and cellular signalling and are involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Endosome-associated protein assemblies or coats collect transmembrane cargo proteins and concentrate them into retrieval domains. These domains can extend into tubular carriers, which then pinch off from the endosomal membrane and deliver the cargoes to appropriate subcellular compartments. Here we discuss novel insights into the structure of a number of tubular membrane coats that mediate the recruitment of cargoes into these carriers, focusing on sorting nexin-based coats such as Retromer, Commander and ESCPE-1. We summarize current and emerging views of how selective tubular endosomal carriers form and detach from endosomes by fission, highlighting structural aspects, conceptual challenges and open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Gopaldass
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
| | - Kai-En Chen
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brett Collins
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andreas Mayer
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
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6
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Bhattacharyya S, Pucadyil TJ. Dynamics of membrane tubulation coupled with fission by a two-component module. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2402180121. [PMID: 38717859 PMCID: PMC11098101 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2402180121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane tubulation coupled with fission (MTCF) is a widespread phenomenon but mechanisms for their coordination remain unclear, partly because of the lack of assays to monitor dynamics of membrane tubulation and subsequent fission. Using polymer cushioned bilayer islands, we analyze the membrane tubulator Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1) mixed with the fission catalyst dynamin2 (Dyn2). Our results reveal this mixture to constitute a minimal two-component module that demonstrates MTCF. MTCF is an emergent property and arises because BIN1 facilitates recruitment but inhibits membrane binding of Dyn2 in a dose-dependent manner. MTCF is therefore apparent only at high Dyn2 to BIN1 ratios. Because of their mutual involvement in T-tubules biogenesis, mutations in BIN1 and Dyn2 are associated with centronuclear myopathies and our analysis links the pathology with aberrant MTCF. Together, our results establish cushioned bilayer islands as a facile template for the analysis of membrane tubulation and inform of mechanisms that coordinate MTCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Bhattacharyya
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pashan, Pune411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Thomas J. Pucadyil
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pashan, Pune411008, Maharashtra, India
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7
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Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Advances and challenges in understanding endosomal sorting and fission. FEBS J 2023; 290:4187-4195. [PMID: 36413090 PMCID: PMC10200825 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Endosomes play crucial roles in the cell, serving as focal and 'triage' points for internalized lipids and receptors. As such, endosomes are a critical branching point that determines whether receptors are sorted for degradation or recycling. This Viewpoint aims to highlight recent advances in endosome research, including key endosomal functions such as sorting and fission. Moreover, the Viewpoint addresses key technical and conceptual challenges in studying endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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8
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Nähse V, Raiborg C, Tan KW, Mørk S, Torgersen ML, Wenzel EM, Nager M, Salo VT, Johansen T, Ikonen E, Schink KO, Stenmark H. ATPase activity of DFCP1 controls selective autophagy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4051. [PMID: 37422481 PMCID: PMC10329651 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is governed by removal of damaged organelles and protein aggregates by selective autophagy mediated by cargo adaptors such as p62/SQSTM1. Autophagosomes can assemble in specialized cup-shaped regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) known as omegasomes, which are characterized by the presence of the ER protein DFCP1/ZFYVE1. The function of DFCP1 is unknown, as are the mechanisms of omegasome formation and constriction. Here, we demonstrate that DFCP1 is an ATPase that is activated by membrane binding and dimerizes in an ATP-dependent fashion. Whereas depletion of DFCP1 has a minor effect on bulk autophagic flux, DFCP1 is required to maintain the autophagic flux of p62 under both fed and starved conditions, and this is dependent on its ability to bind and hydrolyse ATP. While DFCP1 mutants defective in ATP binding or hydrolysis localize to forming omegasomes, these omegasomes fail to constrict properly in a size-dependent manner. Consequently, the release of nascent autophagosomes from large omegasomes is markedly delayed. While knockout of DFCP1 does not affect bulk autophagy, it inhibits selective autophagy, including aggrephagy, mitophagy and micronucleophagy. We conclude that DFCP1 mediates ATPase-driven constriction of large omegasomes to release autophagosomes for selective autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Nähse
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, N-0379, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Anatomy and Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Camilla Raiborg
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, N-0379, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kia Wee Tan
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, N-0379, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sissel Mørk
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, N-0379, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Lyngaas Torgersen
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, N-0379, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Maria Wenzel
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, N-0379, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mireia Nager
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Veijo T Salo
- Department of Anatomy and Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Elina Ikonen
- Department of Anatomy and Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kay Oliver Schink
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, N-0379, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1112, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, N-0379, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway.
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9
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Kar J, Kar S, Gupta A, Jana SS. Assembly and disassembly dynamics of nonmuscle myosin II control endosomal fission. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112108. [PMID: 36774549 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocytic vesicular trafficking requires merging of two lipid bilayers, but how the two lipid bilayers can come close together during fusion and fission in endocytic trafficking is not well explored. Here, we establish that knocking down nonmuscle myosin IIs (NM IIs) by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or inhibition of their activities by (-) blebbistatin causes the formation of a ring-like assembly of early endosomes (raEE). Inhibition of NM II assembly by an inhibitor of regulatory light-chain (RLC) kinase results in the formation of raEE, whereas inhibition of NM II disassembly by inhibitors of heavy chain kinases, protein kinase C (PKC) and casein kinase 2 (CK2), causes the dispersion of early endosomes. The raEEs retain EEA1, Rab7, and LAMP2 markers. Overexpression of an assembly incompetent form, RLC-AA, and disassembly incompetent form, NMHCIIB-S6A or NMHCIIA-1916A, induces such defects, respectively. Altogether, these data support that NM II assembly and disassembly dynamics participate in endocytic trafficking by regulating fission to maintain the size of early endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Kar
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sumanta Kar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnab Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Siddhartha S Jana
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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10
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Kashikuma R, Nagano M, Shimamura H, Nukaga K, Katsumata I, Y. Toshima J, Toshima J. Role of phosphatidylserine in the localization of cell surface membrane proteins in yeast. Cell Struct Funct 2023; 48:19-30. [PMID: 36517018 PMCID: PMC10725852 DOI: 10.1247/csf.22081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a constituent of the cell membrane, being especially abundant in the cytoplasmic leaflet, and plays important roles in a number of cellular functions, including the formation of cell polarity and intracellular vesicle transport. Several studies in mammalian cells have suggested the role of PS in retrograde membrane traffic through endosomes, but in yeast, where PS is localized primarily at the plasma membrane (PM), the role in intracellular organelles remains unclear. Additionally, it is reported that polarized endocytic site formation is defective in PS-depleted yeast cells, but the role in the endocytic machinery has not been well understood. In this study, to clarify the role of PS in the endocytic pathway, we analyzed the effect of PS depletion on endocytic internalization and post-endocytic transport. We demonstrated that in cell lacking the PS synthase Cho1p (cho1Δ cell), binding and internalization of mating pheromone α-factor into the cell was severely impaired. Interestingly, the processes of endocytosis were mostly unaffected, but protein transport from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the PM was defective and localization of cell surface proteins was severely impaired in cho1Δ cells. We also showed that PS accumulated in intracellular compartments in cells lacking Rcy1p and Vps52p, both of which are implicated in endosome-to-PM transport via the TGN, and that the number of Snx4p-residing endosomes was increased in cho1Δ cells. These results suggest that PS plays a crucial role in the transport and localization of cell surface membrane proteins.Key words: phosphatidylserine, endocytosis, recycling, vesicle transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Kashikuma
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijyuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagano
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijyuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimamura
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijyuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Kouya Nukaga
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijyuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Ikumi Katsumata
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijyuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Junko Y. Toshima
- School of Health Science, Tokyo University of Technology, 5-23-22 Nishikamata, Ota-ku, Tokyo 144-8535, Japan
| | - Jiro Toshima
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijyuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
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11
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Kustigian L, Gong X, Gai W, Thongchol J, Zhang J, Puchalla J, Carr CM, Rye HS. GTP-stimulated membrane fission by the N-BAR protein AMPH-1. Traffic 2023; 24:34-47. [PMID: 36435193 PMCID: PMC9825645 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-enclosed transport carriers sort biological molecules between stations in the cell in a dynamic process that is fundamental to the physiology of eukaryotic organisms. While much is known about the formation and release of carriers from specific intracellular membranes, the mechanism of carrier formation from the recycling endosome, a compartment central to cellular signaling, remains to be resolved. In Caenorhabditis elegans, formation of transport carriers from the recycling endosome requires the dynamin-like, Eps15-homology domain (EHD) protein, RME-1, functioning with the Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (N-BAR) domain protein, AMPH-1. Here we show, using a free-solution single-particle technique known as burst analysis spectroscopy (BAS), that AMPH-1 alone creates small, tubular-vesicular products from large, unilamellar vesicles by membrane fission. Membrane fission requires the amphipathic H0 helix of AMPH-1 and is slowed in the presence of RME-1. Unexpectedly, AMPH-1-induced membrane fission is stimulated in the presence of GTP. Furthermore, the GTP-stimulated membrane fission activity seen for AMPH-1 is recapitulated by the heterodimeric N-BAR amphiphysin protein from yeast, Rvs161/167p, strongly suggesting that GTP-stimulated membrane fission is a general property of this important class of N-BAR proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Kustigian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77845, USA
- Current address: GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Rd., Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, USA
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77845, USA
| | - Wei Gai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77845, USA
| | - Jirapat Thongchol
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77845, USA
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77845, USA
| | - Jason Puchalla
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Chavela M. Carr
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77845, USA
| | - Hays S. Rye
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77845, USA
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12
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Cryo-electron tomography reveals structural insights into the membrane remodeling mode of dynamin-like EHD filaments. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7641. [PMID: 36496453 PMCID: PMC9741607 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eps15-homology domain containing proteins (EHDs) are eukaryotic, dynamin-related ATPases involved in cellular membrane trafficking. They oligomerize on membranes into filaments that induce membrane tubulation. While EHD crystal structures in open and closed conformations were previously reported, little structural information is available for the membrane-bound oligomeric form. Consequently, mechanistic insights into the membrane remodeling mechanism have remained sparse. Here, by using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging, we determined structures of nucleotide-bound EHD4 filaments on membrane tubes of various diameters at an average resolution of 7.6 Å. Assembly of EHD4 is mediated via interfaces in the G-domain and the helical domain. The oligomerized EHD4 structure resembles the closed conformation, where the tips of the helical domains protrude into the membrane. The variation in filament geometry and tube radius suggests a spontaneous filament curvature of approximately 1/70 nm-1. Combining the available structural and functional data, we suggest a model for EHD-mediated membrane remodeling.
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13
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Solinger JA, Spang A. Sorting of cargo in the tubular endosomal network. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2200158. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Spang
- Biozentrum University of Basel Basel Switzerland
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14
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Dhawan K, Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Coronin2A links actin-based endosomal processes to the EHD1 fission machinery. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar107. [PMID: 35921168 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-12-0624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fission of transport vesicles from endosomes is a crucial step in the recycling of lipids and receptors to the plasma membrane, but this process remains poorly understood. Although key components of the fission machinery, including the actin cytoskeleton and the ATPase Eps15 homology domain protein 1 (EHD1), have been implicated in endosomal fission, how this process is coordinately regulated is not known. We have identified the actin regulatory protein Coronin2A (CORO2A) as a novel EHD1 interaction partner. CORO2A localizes to stress fibers and actin microfilaments but also can be observed in partial overlap with EHD1 on endosomal structures. siRNA knockdown of CORO2A led to enlarged lamellae-like actin-rich protrusions, consistent with a role of other Coronin family proteins in attenuating actin-branching. Moreover, CORO2A depletion also caused a marked decrease in the internalization of clathrin-dependent cargo but had little impact on the uptake of clathrin-independent cargo, highlighting key differences in the role of branched actin for different modes of endocytosis. However, CORO2A was required for recycling of clathrin-independent cargo, and its depletion led to enlarged endosomes, supporting a role for CORO2A in the fission of endosomal vesicles. Our data support a novel role for CORO2A in coordinating endosomal fission and recycling with EHD1. [Media: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68198
| | - Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68198
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68198.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68198
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15
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Courtellemont T, De Leo MG, Gopaldass N, Mayer A. CROP: a retromer-PROPPIN complex mediating membrane fission in the endo-lysosomal system. EMBO J 2022; 41:e109646. [PMID: 35466426 PMCID: PMC9108610 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endo-lysosomal compartments exchange proteins by fusing, fissioning, and through endosomal transport carriers. Thereby, they sort many plasma membrane receptors and transporters and control cellular signaling and metabolism. How the membrane fission events are catalyzed is poorly understood. Here, we identify the novel CROP complex as a factor acting at this step. CROP joins members of two protein families: the peripheral subunits of retromer, a coat forming endosomal transport carriers, and membrane inserting PROPPINs. Integration into CROP potentiates the membrane fission activity of the PROPPIN Atg18 on synthetic liposomes and confers strong preference for binding PI(3,5)P2 , a phosphoinositide required for membrane fission activity. Disrupting CROP blocks fragmentation of lysosome-like yeast vacuoles in vivo. CROP-deficient mammalian endosomes accumulate micrometer-long tubules and fail to export cargo, suggesting that carriers attempt to form but cannot separate from these organelles. PROPPINs compete for retromer binding with the SNX-BAR proteins, which recruit retromer to the membrane during the formation of endosomal carriers. Transition from retromer-SNX-BAR complexes to retromer-PROPPIN complexes might hence switch retromer activities from cargo capture to membrane fission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Navin Gopaldass
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of LausanneEpalingesSwitzerland
| | - Andreas Mayer
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of LausanneEpalingesSwitzerland
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16
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Jones T, Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Differential requirements for the Eps15 homology Domain Proteins EHD4 and EHD2 in the regulation of mammalian ciliogenesis. Traffic 2022; 23:360-373. [PMID: 35510564 PMCID: PMC9324998 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The endocytic protein EHD1 controls primary ciliogenesis by facilitating fusion of the ciliary vesicle and by removal of CP110 from the mother centriole. EHD3, the closest EHD1 paralog, has a similar regulatory role, but initial evidence suggested that the other two more distal paralogs, EHD2 and EHD4 may be dispensable for ciliogenesis. Herein, we define a novel role for EHD4, but not EHD2, in regulating primary ciliogenesis. To better understand the mechanisms and differential functions of the EHD proteins in ciliogenesis, we first demonstrated a requirement for EHD1 ATP‐binding to promote ciliogenesis. We then identified two sequence motifs that are entirely conserved between EH domains of EHD1, EHD3 and EHD4, but display key amino acid differences within the EHD2 EH domain. Substitution of either P446 or E470 in EHD1 with the aligning S451 or W475 residues from EHD2 was sufficient to prevent rescue of ciliogenesis in EHD1‐depleted cells upon reintroduction of EHD1. Overall, our data enhance the current understanding of the EHD paralogs in ciliogenesis, demonstrate a need for ATP‐binding and identify conserved sequences in the EH domains of EHD1, EHD3 and EHD4 that regulate EHD1 binding to proteins and its ability to rescue ciliogenesis in EHD1‐depleted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Jones
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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17
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Abstract
Interorganellar cross talk is often mediated by membrane contact sites (MCSs), which are zones where participating membranes come within 30 nm of one another. MCSs have been found in organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, endosomes, and mitochondria. Despite its seeming ubiquity, reports of MCS involving mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) present in a few anaerobic parasitic protozoa remain lacking. Entamoeba histolytica, the etiological agent of amoebiasis, possesses an MRO called the mitosome. We previously discovered several Entamoeba-specific transmembrane mitosomal proteins (ETMPs) from in silico and cell-biological analyses. One of them, ETMP1 (EHI_175060), was predicted to have one transmembrane domain and two coiled-coil regions and was demonstrated to be mitosome membrane integrated based on carbonate fractionation and immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) data. Immunoprecipitation analysis detected a candidate interacting partner, EH domain-containing protein (EHD1; EHI_105270). We expressed hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged EHD1 in E. histolytica, and subsequent immunofluorescence and IEM data indicated an unprecedented MCS between the mitosome and the endosome. Live imaging of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-EHD1-expressing strain demonstrated that EHD1 is involved in early endosome formation and is observed in MCS between endosomes of various sizes. In vitro assays using recombinant His-EHD1 demonstrated ATPase activity. MCSs are involved in lipid transfer, ion homeostasis, and organelle dynamics. The serendipitous discovery of the ETMP1-interacting partner EHD1 led to the observation of the mitosome-endosome contact site in E. histolytica. It opened a new view of how the relic mitochondria of Entamoeba may likewise be involved in organelle cross talk, a conserved feature of mitochondria and other organelles in general.
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18
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Issler N, Afonso S, Weissman I, Jordan K, Cebrian-Serrano A, Meindl K, Dahlke E, Tziridis K, Yan G, Robles-López JM, Tabernero L, Patel V, Kesselheim A, Klootwijk ED, Stanescu HC, Dumitriu S, Iancu D, Tekman M, Mozere M, Jaureguiberry G, Outtandy P, Russell C, Forst AL, Sterner C, Heinl ES, Othmen H, Tegtmeier I, Reichold M, Schiessl IM, Limm K, Oefner P, Witzgall R, Fu L, Theilig F, Schilling A, Shuster Biton E, Kalfon L, Fedida A, Arnon-Sheleg E, Ben Izhak O, Magen D, Anikster Y, Schulze H, Ziegler C, Lowe M, Davies B, Böckenhauer D, Kleta R, Falik Zaccai TC, Warth R. A Founder Mutation in EHD1 Presents with Tubular Proteinuria and Deafness. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:732-745. [PMID: 35149593 PMCID: PMC8970462 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endocytic reabsorption of proteins in the proximal tubule requires a complex machinery and defects can lead to tubular proteinuria. The precise mechanisms of endocytosis and processing of receptors and cargo are incompletely understood. EHD1 belongs to a family of proteins presumably involved in the scission of intracellular vesicles and in ciliogenesis. However, the relevance of EHD1 in human tissues, in particular in the kidney, was unknown. METHODS Genetic techniques were used in patients with tubular proteinuria and deafness to identify the disease-causing gene. Diagnostic and functional studies were performed in patients and disease models to investigate the pathophysiology. RESULTS We identified six individuals (5-33 years) with proteinuria and a high-frequency hearing deficit associated with the homozygous missense variant c.1192C>T (p.R398W) in EHD1. Proteinuria (0.7-2.1 g/d) consisted predominantly of low molecular weight proteins, reflecting impaired renal proximal tubular endocytosis of filtered proteins. Ehd1 knockout and Ehd1R398W/R398W knockin mice also showed a high-frequency hearing deficit and impaired receptor-mediated endocytosis in proximal tubules, and a zebrafish model showed impaired ability to reabsorb low molecular weight dextran. Interestingly, ciliogenesis appeared unaffected in patients and mouse models. In silico structural analysis predicted a destabilizing effect of the R398W variant and possible inference with nucleotide binding leading to impaired EHD1 oligomerization and membrane remodeling ability. CONCLUSIONS A homozygous missense variant of EHD1 causes a previously unrecognized autosomal recessive disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness and tubular proteinuria. Recessive EHD1 variants should be considered in individuals with hearing impairment, especially if tubular proteinuria is noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Issler
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Afonso
- Medical Cell Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Irith Weissman
- Pediatric Nephrology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahraia, Israel
| | - Katrin Jordan
- Medical Cell Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Katrin Meindl
- Medical Cell Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eileen Dahlke
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Konstantin Tziridis
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Guanhua Yan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - José M. Robles-López
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Tabernero
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Vaksha Patel
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Kesselheim
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Enriko D. Klootwijk
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Horia C. Stanescu
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simona Dumitriu
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Iancu
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mehmet Tekman
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Mozere
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Priya Outtandy
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anna-Lena Forst
- Medical Cell Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Helga Othmen
- Medical Cell Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ines Tegtmeier
- Medical Cell Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Reichold
- Medical Cell Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Katharina Limm
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Witzgall
- Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lifei Fu
- Structural Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Achim Schilling
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Limor Kalfon
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahraia, Israel
| | - Ayalla Fedida
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahraia, Israel
| | | | - Ofer Ben Izhak
- Department of Pathology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniella Magen
- Pediatric Nephrology Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Holger Schulze
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Lowe
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Davies
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Detlef Böckenhauer
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Kleta
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tzipora C. Falik Zaccai
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan, Safed, Israel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahraia, Israel
| | - Richard Warth
- Medical Cell Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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19
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Kawasaki A, Sakai A, Nakanishi H, Hasegawa J, Taguchi T, Sasaki J, Arai H, Sasaki T, Igarashi M, Nakatsu F. PI4P/PS countertransport by ORP10 at ER-endosome membrane contact sites regulates endosome fission. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:212876. [PMID: 34817532 PMCID: PMC8624802 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202103141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane contact sites (MCSs) serve as a zone for nonvesicular lipid transport by oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)-related proteins (ORPs). ORPs mediate lipid countertransport, in which two distinct lipids are transported counterdirectionally. How such lipid countertransport controls specific biological functions, however, remains elusive. We report that lipid countertransport by ORP10 at ER–endosome MCSs regulates retrograde membrane trafficking. ORP10, together with ORP9 and VAP, formed ER–endosome MCSs in a phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P)-dependent manner. ORP10 exhibited a lipid exchange activity toward its ligands, PI4P and phosphatidylserine (PS), between liposomes in vitro, and between the ER and endosomes in situ. Cell biological analysis demonstrated that ORP10 supplies a pool of PS from the ER, in exchange for PI4P, to endosomes where the PS-binding protein EHD1 is recruited to facilitate endosome fission. Our study highlights a novel lipid exchange at ER–endosome MCSs as a nonenzymatic PI4P-to-PS conversion mechanism that organizes membrane remodeling during retrograde membrane trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Kawasaki
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Niigata University School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Niigata University School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakanishi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Research Center for Biosignal, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Junya Hasegawa
- Department of Biochemical Pathophysiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Laboratory of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Sasaki
- Department of Biochemical Pathophysiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Laboratory of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Graduate School of Medicine and Research Center for Biosignal, Akita University, Akita, Japan.,Department of Biochemical Pathophysiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Niigata University School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Fubito Nakatsu
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Niigata University School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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20
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Jean S, Nassari S. Regulation of Endosomal Sorting and Maturation by ER-Endosome Contact Sites. CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2022; 5:25152564221106046. [PMID: 37366507 PMCID: PMC10243584 DOI: 10.1177/25152564221106046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Endosomes are a heterogeneous population of intracellular organelles responsible for sorting, recycling, or transporting internalized materials for degradation. Endosomal sorting and maturation are controlled by a complex interplay of regulators, with RAB GTPases and phosphoinositides playing key roles. In this decade, another layer of regulation surfaced with the role played by membrane contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and endosomes. Specific regulators of ER-endosome contact sites or proteins localized at these sites are emerging as modulators of this complex endosomal ballet. In particular, lipid transfer or recruitment of various complexes and enzymes at ER-endosome contact sites play an active role in endosome sorting, scission, and maturation. In this short review, we focus on studies describing ER-endosome contact sites in these three endosomal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Jean
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé,
Département d’immunologie et de biologie cellulaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Sonya Nassari
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé,
Département d’immunologie et de biologie cellulaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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21
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Santos HJ, Nozaki T. The mitosome of the anaerobic parasitic protist Entamoeba histolytica: A peculiar and minimalist mitochondrion-related organelle. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2022; 69:e12923. [PMID: 35588086 PMCID: PMC9796589 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The simplest class of mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) is the mitosome, an organelle present in a few anaerobic protozoan parasites such as Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, and Cryptosporidium parvum. E. histolytica causes amoebiasis in humans, deemed as one of the important, yet neglected tropical infections in the world. Much of the enigma of the E. histolytica mitosome circles around the obvious lack of a majority of known mitochondrial components and functions exhibited in other organisms. The identification of enzymes responsible for sulfate activation (AS, IPP, and APSK) and a number of lineage-specific proteins such as the outer membrane beta-barrel protein (MBOMP30), and transmembrane domain-containing proteins that bind to various organellar proteins (ETMP1, ETMP30, EHI_170120, and EHI_099350) showcased the remarkable divergence of this organelle compared to the other MROs of anaerobic protozoa. Here, we summarize the findings regarding the biology of the mitosomes in E. histolytica, from their discovery up to the present understanding of its roles and interactions. We also include current advances and future perspectives on the biology, biochemistry, and evolution of the mitosomes of E. histolytica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert J. Santos
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Tomoyoshi Nozaki
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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22
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Srivastava M, Hall D, Omoru OB, Gill HM, Smith S, Janga SC. Mutational Landscape and Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with Host Cellular Components. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1794. [PMID: 34576690 PMCID: PMC8464733 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its rapid evolution has led to a global health crisis. Increasing mutations across the SARS-CoV-2 genome have severely impacted the development of effective therapeutics and vaccines to combat the virus. However, the new SARS-CoV-2 variants and their evolutionary characteristics are not fully understood. Host cellular components such as the ACE2 receptor, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), microRNAs, small nuclear RNA (snRNA), 18s rRNA, and the 7SL RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) interact with various structural and non-structural proteins of the SARS-CoV-2. Several of these viral proteins are currently being examined for designing antiviral therapeutics. In this review, we discuss current advances in our understanding of various host cellular components targeted by the virus during SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also summarize the mutations across the SARS-CoV-2 genome that directs the evolution of new viral strains. Considering coronaviruses are rapidly evolving in humans, this enables them to escape therapeutic therapies and vaccine-induced immunity. In order to understand the virus's evolution, it is essential to study its mutational patterns and their impact on host cellular machinery. Finally, we present a comprehensive survey of currently available databases and tools to study viral-host interactions that stand as crucial resources for developing novel therapeutic strategies for combating SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Srivastava
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Informatics and Communications Technology Complex, 535 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (M.S.); (D.H.); (O.B.O.); (H.M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Dwight Hall
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Informatics and Communications Technology Complex, 535 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (M.S.); (D.H.); (O.B.O.); (H.M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Okiemute Beatrice Omoru
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Informatics and Communications Technology Complex, 535 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (M.S.); (D.H.); (O.B.O.); (H.M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Hunter Mathias Gill
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Informatics and Communications Technology Complex, 535 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (M.S.); (D.H.); (O.B.O.); (H.M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sarah Smith
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Informatics and Communications Technology Complex, 535 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (M.S.); (D.H.); (O.B.O.); (H.M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sarath Chandra Janga
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Informatics and Communications Technology Complex, 535 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (M.S.); (D.H.); (O.B.O.); (H.M.G.); (S.S.)
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 West 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical Research and Library Building, 975 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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23
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Wunderley L, Zhang L, Yarwood R, Qin W, Lowe M, Woodman P. Endosomal recycling tubule scission and integrin recycling involve the membrane curvature-supporting protein LITAF. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs258549. [PMID: 34342350 PMCID: PMC8353527 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling to the cell surface requires the scission of tubular membrane intermediates emanating from endosomes. Here, we identify the monotopic membrane protein LPS-induced TNF-activating factor (LITAF) and the related protein cell death involved p53 target 1 (CDIP1) as novel membrane curvature proteins that contribute to recycling tubule scission. Recombinant LITAF supports high membrane curvature, shown by its ability to reduce proteoliposome size. The membrane domains of LITAF and CDIP1 partition strongly into ∼50 nm diameter tubules labelled with the recycling markers Pacsin2, ARF6 and SNX1, and the recycling cargoes MHC class I and CD59. Partitioning of LITAF into tubules is impaired by mutations linked to Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 1C. Meanwhile, co-depletion of LITAF and CDIP1 results in the expansion of tubular recycling compartments and stabilised Rab11 tubules, pointing to a function for LITAF and CDIP1 in membrane scission. Consistent with this, co-depletion of LITAF and CDIP1 impairs integrin recycling and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Philip Woodman
- Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic and Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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24
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A junctional PACSIN2/EHD4/MICAL-L1 complex coordinates VE-cadherin trafficking for endothelial migration and angiogenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2610. [PMID: 33972531 PMCID: PMC8110786 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22873-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenic sprouting relies on collective migration and coordinated rearrangements of endothelial leader and follower cells. VE-cadherin-based adherens junctions have emerged as key cell-cell contacts that transmit forces between cells and trigger signals during collective cell migration in angiogenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that govern these processes and their functional importance for vascular development still remain unknown. We previously showed that the F-BAR protein PACSIN2 is recruited to tensile asymmetric adherens junctions between leader and follower cells. Here we report that PACSIN2 mediates the formation of endothelial sprouts during angiogenesis by coordinating collective migration. We show that PACSIN2 recruits the trafficking regulators EHD4 and MICAL-L1 to the rear end of asymmetric adherens junctions to form a recycling endosome-like tubular structure. The junctional PACSIN2/EHD4/MICAL-L1 complex controls local VE-cadherin trafficking and thereby coordinates polarized endothelial migration and angiogenesis. Our findings reveal a molecular event at force-dependent asymmetric adherens junctions that occurs during the tug-of-war between endothelial leader and follower cells, and allows for junction-based guidance during collective migration in angiogenesis. Communication between endothelial leader and follower cells during collective cell migration is crucial for vascular development. Here, the authors show that PACSIN2 guides collective cell migration and angiogenesis by recruiting a protein trafficking complex to asymmetric cell-cell junctions, controlling local junction plasticity.
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25
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De Leo MG, Berger P, Mayer A. WIPI1 promotes fission of endosomal transport carriers and formation of autophagosomes through distinct mechanisms. Autophagy 2021; 17:3644-3670. [PMID: 33685363 PMCID: PMC8632285 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1886830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagosome formation requires PROPPIN/WIPI proteins and monophosphorylated phosphoinositides, such as phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) or PtdIns5P. This process occurs in association with mammalian endosomes, where the PROPPIN WIPI1 has additional, undefined roles in vesicular traffic. To explore whether these functions are interconnected, we dissected routes and subreactions of endosomal trafficking requiring WIPI1. WIPI1 specifically acts in the formation and fission of tubulo-vesicular endosomal transport carriers. This activity supports the PtdIns(3,5)P2-dependent transport of endosomal cargo toward the plasma membrane, Golgi, and lysosomes, suggesting a general role of WIPI1 in endosomal protein exit. Three features differentiate the endosomal and macroautophagic/autophagic activities of WIPI1: phosphoinositide binding site II, the requirement for PtdIns(3,5)P2, and bilayer deformation through a conserved amphipathic α-helix. Their inactivation preserves autophagy but leads to a strong enlargement of endosomes, which accumulate micrometer-long endosomal membrane tubules carrying cargo proteins. WIPI1 thus supports autophagy and protein exit from endosomes by different modes of action. We propose that the type of phosphoinositides occupying its two lipid binding sites, the most unusual feature of PROPPIN/WIPI family proteins, switches between these effector functions. Abbreviations: EGF: epidermal growth factorEGFR: epidermal growth factor receptorKD: knockdownKO: knockoutPtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphatePtdIns5P: phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphatePtdIns(3,5)P2: phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphateTF: transferrinTFRC: transferrin receptorWT: wildtype
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philipp Berger
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Paul-Scherrer-Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Mayer
- Département De Biochimie, Université De Lausanne, Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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26
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Farmer T, Xie S, Naslavsky N, Stöckli J, James DE, Caplan S. Defining the protein and lipid constituents of tubular recycling endosomes. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100190. [PMID: 33334886 PMCID: PMC7948492 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Once internalized, receptors reach the sorting endosome and are either targeted for degradation or recycled to the plasma membrane, a process mediated at least in part by tubular recycling endosomes (TREs). TREs may be efficient for sorting owing to the ratio of large surface membrane area to luminal volume; following receptor segregation, TRE fission likely releases receptor-laden tubules and vesicles for recycling. Despite the importance of TRE networks for recycling, these unique structures remain poorly understood, and unresolved questions relate to their lipid and protein composition and biogenesis. Our previous studies have depicted the endocytic protein MICAL-L1 as an essential TRE constituent, and newer studies show a similar localization for the GTP-binding protein Rab10. We demonstrate that TREs are enriched in both phosphatidic acid (PA) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), supporting the idea of MICAL-L1 recruitment by PA and Rab10 recruitment via PI(4,5)P2. Using siRNA knock-down, we demonstrate that Rab10-marked TREs remain prominent in cells upon MICAL-L1 or Syndapin2 depletion. However, depletion of Rab10 or its interaction partner, EHBP1, led to loss of MICAL-L1-marked TREs. We next used phospholipase D inhibitors to decrease PA synthesis, acutely disrupt TREs, and enable monitoring of TRE regeneration after inhibitor washout. Rab10 depletion prevented TRE regeneration, whereas MICAL-L1 knock-down did not. It is surprising that EHBP1 depletion did not affect TRE regeneration under these conditions. Overall, our study supports a primary role for Rab10 and the requirement for PA and PI(4,5)P2 in TRE biogenesis and regeneration, with Rab10 likely linking the sorting endosome to motor proteins and the microtubule network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trey Farmer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Shuwei Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jacqueline Stöckli
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
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27
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Matthaeus C, Taraska JW. Energy and Dynamics of Caveolae Trafficking. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:614472. [PMID: 33692993 PMCID: PMC7939723 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.614472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae are 70–100 nm diameter plasma membrane invaginations found in abundance in adipocytes, endothelial cells, myocytes, and fibroblasts. Their bulb-shaped membrane domain is characterized and formed by specific lipid binding proteins including Caveolins, Cavins, Pacsin2, and EHD2. Likewise, an enrichment of cholesterol and other lipids makes caveolae a distinct membrane environment that supports proteins involved in cell-type specific signaling pathways. Their ability to detach from the plasma membrane and move through the cytosol has been shown to be important for lipid trafficking and metabolism. Here, we review recent concepts in caveolae trafficking and dynamics. Second, we discuss how ATP and GTP-regulated proteins including dynamin and EHD2 control caveolae behavior. Throughout, we summarize the potential physiological and cell biological roles of caveolae internalization and trafficking and highlight open questions in the field and future directions for study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Matthaeus
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Justin W Taraska
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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28
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Mass photometry enables label-free tracking and mass measurement of single proteins on lipid bilayers. Nat Methods 2021; 18:1247-1252. [PMID: 34608319 PMCID: PMC8490153 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of membrane-associated biomolecular interactions is crucial to our understanding of various cellular processes. State-of-the-art single-molecule approaches rely largely on the addition of fluorescent labels, which complicates the quantification of the involved stoichiometries and dynamics because of low temporal resolution and the inherent limitations associated with labeling efficiency, photoblinking and photobleaching. Here, we demonstrate dynamic mass photometry, a method for label-free imaging, tracking and mass measurement of individual membrane-associated proteins diffusing on supported lipid bilayers. Application of this method to the membrane remodeling GTPase, dynamin-1, reveals heterogeneous mixtures of dimer-based oligomers, oligomer-dependent mobilities, membrane affinities and (dis)association of individual complexes. These capabilities, together with assay-based advances for studying integral membrane proteins, will enable the elucidation of biomolecular mechanisms in and on lipid bilayers.
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29
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Jones T, Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Eps15 Homology Domain Protein 4 (EHD4) is required for Eps15 Homology Domain Protein 1 (EHD1)-mediated endosomal recruitment and fission. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239657. [PMID: 32966336 PMCID: PMC7511005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon internalization, receptors are trafficked to sorting endosomes (SE) where they undergo sorting and are then packaged into budding vesicles that undergo fission and transport within the cell. Eps15 Homology Domain Protein 1 (EHD1), the best-characterized member of the Eps15 Homology Domain Protein (EHD) family, has been implicated in catalyzing the fission process that releases endosome-derived vesicles for recycling to the plasma membrane. Indeed, recent studies suggest that upon receptor-mediated internalization, EHD1 is recruited from the cytoplasm to endosomal membranes where it catalyzes vesicular fission. However, the mechanism by which this recruitment occurs remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that the EHD1 paralog, EHD4, is required for the recruitment of EHD1 to SE. We show that EHD4 preferentially dimerizes with EHD1, and knock-down of EHD4 expression by siRNA, shRNA or by CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing leads to impaired EHD1 SE-recruitment and enlarged SE. Moreover, we demonstrate that at least 3 different asparagine-proline-phenylalanine (NPF) motif-containing EHD binding partners, Rabenosyn-5, Syndapin2 and MICAL-L1, are required for the recruitment of EHD1 to SE. Indeed, knock-down of any of these SE-localized EHD interaction partners leads to enlarged SE, presumably due to impaired endosomal fission. Overall, we identify a novel mechanistic role for EHD4 in recruitment of EHD1 to SE, thus positioning EHD4 as an essential component of the EHD1-fission machinery at SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Jones
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Redpath GMI, Betzler VM, Rossatti P, Rossy J. Membrane Heterogeneity Controls Cellular Endocytic Trafficking. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:757. [PMID: 32850860 PMCID: PMC7419583 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytic trafficking relies on highly localized events in cell membranes. Endocytosis involves the gathering of protein (cargo/receptor) at distinct plasma membrane locations defined by specific lipid and protein compositions. Simultaneously, the molecular machinery that drives invagination and eventually scission of the endocytic vesicle assembles at the very same place on the inner leaflet of the membrane. It is membrane heterogeneity - the existence of specific lipid and protein domains in localized regions of membranes - that creates the distinct molecular identity required for an endocytic event to occur precisely when and where it is required rather than at some random location within the plasma membrane. Accumulating evidence leads us to believe that the trafficking fate of internalized proteins is sealed following endocytosis, as this distinct membrane identity is preserved through the endocytic pathway, upon fusion of endocytic vesicles with early and sorting endosomes. In fact, just like at the plasma membrane, multiple domains coexist at the surface of these endosomes, regulating local membrane tubulation, fission and sorting to recycling pathways or to the trans-Golgi network via late endosomes. From here, membrane heterogeneity ensures that fusion events between intracellular vesicles and larger compartments are spatially regulated to promote the transport of cargoes to their intracellular destination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory M I Redpath
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Verena M Betzler
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Rossatti
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | - Jérémie Rossy
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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31
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Bhattacharyya S, Pucadyil TJ. Cellular functions and intrinsic attributes of the ATP-binding Eps15 homology domain-containing proteins. Protein Sci 2020; 29:1321-1330. [PMID: 32223019 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Several cellular processes rely on a cohort of dedicated proteins that manage tubulation, fission, and fusion of membranes. A notably large number of them belong to the dynamin superfamily of proteins. Among them is the evolutionarily conserved group of ATP-binding Eps15-homology domain-containing proteins (EHDs). In the two decades since their discovery, EHDs have been linked to a range of cellular processes that require remodeling or maintenance of specific membrane shapes such as during endocytic recycling, caveolar biogenesis, ciliogenesis, formation of T-tubules in skeletal muscles, and membrane resealing after rupture. Recent work has shed light on their structure and the unique attributes they possess in linking ATP hydrolysis to membrane remodeling. This review summarizes some of these recent developments and reconciles intrinsic protein functions to their cellular roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Thomas J Pucadyil
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
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32
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Keeping in touch with the membrane; protein- and lipid-mediated confinement of caveolae to the cell surface. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:155-163. [PMID: 32049332 PMCID: PMC7054752 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae are small Ω-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane that play important roles in mechanosensing, lipid homeostasis and signaling. Their typical morphology is characterized by a membrane funnel connecting a spherical bulb to the membrane. Membrane funnels (commonly known as necks and pores) are frequently observed as transient states during fusion and fission of membrane vesicles in cells. However, caveolae display atypical dynamics where the membrane funnel can be stabilized over an extended period of time, resulting in cell surface constrained caveolae. In addition, caveolae are also known to undergo flattening as well as short-range cycles of fission and fusion with the membrane, requiring that the membrane funnel closes or opens up, respectively. This mini-review considers the transition between these different states and highlights the role of the protein and lipid components that have been identified to control the balance between surface association and release of caveolae.
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33
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Wang Y, Liu W, Wang H, Du Q, Fu Z, Li WX, Tang J. ZmEHD1 Is Required for Kernel Development and Vegetative Growth through Regulating Auxin Homeostasis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1467-1480. [PMID: 31857426 PMCID: PMC7054883 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The roles of C-terminal Eps15 homology domain (EHD) proteins in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants are poorly understood. Here, we isolated a maize (Zea mays) mutant, designated ehd1, which showed defects in kernel development and vegetative growth. Positional cloning and transgenic analysis revealed that ehd1 encodes an EHD protein. Internalization of the endocytic tracer FM4-64 was substantially reduced in the ehd1 mutant and ZmEHD1 knockout mutants. We further demonstrated that ZmEHD1 and the ZmAP2 σ subunit physically interact at the plasma membrane. Auxin distribution and ZmPIN1a-YFP localization were altered in the ehd1 mutant. Kernel indole-3-acetic acid levels were substantially lower in the ehd1 mutant than in wild-type maize. Exogenous application of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, but not GA3 or 2-naphthaleneacetic acid, rescued the seed germination and seedling emergency phenotypic defects of ehd1 mutants. Taken together, these results indicate that ZmEHD1 regulates auxin homeostasis by mediating clathrin-mediated endocytosis through its interaction with the ZmAP2 σ subunit, which is crucial for kernel development and vegetative growth of maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, 450002 Zhengzhou, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Hongqiu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, 450002 Zhengzhou, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Qingguo Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, 450002 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Jihua Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, 450002 Zhengzhou, China
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34
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Dhawan K, Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Sorting nexin 17 (SNX17) links endosomal sorting to Eps15 homology domain protein 1 (EHD1)-mediated fission machinery. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3837-3850. [PMID: 32041776 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Following endocytosis, receptors that are internalized to sorting endosomes are sorted to different pathways, in part by sorting nexin (SNX) proteins. Notably, SNX17 interacts with a multitude of receptors in a sequence-specific manner to regulate their recycling. However, the mechanisms by which SNX17-labeled vesicles that contain sorted receptors bud and undergo vesicular fission from the sorting endosomes remain elusive. Recent studies suggest that a dynamin-homolog, Eps15 homology domain protein 1, catalyzes fission and releases endosome-derived vesicles for recycling to the plasma membrane. However, the mechanism by which EHD1 is coupled to various receptors and regulates their recycling remains unknown. Here we sought to characterize the mechanism by which EHD1 couples with SNX17 to regulate recycling of SNX17-interacting receptors. We hypothesized that SNX17 couples receptors to the EHD1 fission machinery in mammalian cells. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments and in vitro assays provided evidence that EHD1 and SNX17 directly interact. We also found that inducing internalization of a SNX17 cargo receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), led to recruitment of cytoplasmic EHD1 to endosomal membranes. Moreover, surface rendering and quantification of overlap volumes indicated that SNX17 and EHD1 partially colocalize on endosomes and that this overlap further increases upon LRP1 internalization. Additionally, SNX17-containing endosomes were larger in EHD1-depleted cells than in WT cells, suggesting that EHD1 depletion impairs SNX17-mediated endosomal fission. Our findings help clarify our current understanding of endocytic trafficking, providing significant additional insight into the process of endosomal fission and connecting the sorting and fission machineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198
| | - Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198 .,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198
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35
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Jose GP, Gopan S, Bhattacharyya S, Pucadyil TJ. A facile, sensitive and quantitative membrane-binding assay for proteins. Traffic 2019; 21:297-305. [PMID: 31846132 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Soluble proteins that bind membranes function in numerous cellular pathways yet facile, sensitive and quantitative methods that complement and improve sensitivity of widely used liposomes-based assays remain unavailable. Here, we describe the utility of a photoactivable fluorescent lipid as a generic reporter of protein-membrane interactions. When incorporated into liposomes and exposed to ultraviolet (UV), proteins bound to liposomes become crosslinked with the fluorescent lipid and can be readily detected and quantitated by in-gel fluorescence analysis. This modification obviates the requirement for high-speed centrifugation spins common to most liposome-binding assays. We refer to this assay as Proximity-based Labeling of Membrane-Associated Proteins (PLiMAP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor P Jose
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Shilpa Gopan
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Soumya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Thomas J Pucadyil
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
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36
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Zhou Q, Yan G, Ding L, Liu J, Yu X, Kong S, Zhang M, Wang Z, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Kong N, Sun J, Sun H. EHD1 impairs decidualization by regulating the Wnt4/β-catenin signaling pathway in recurrent implantation failure. EBioMedicine 2019; 50:343-354. [PMID: 31707150 PMCID: PMC6921214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) remains a critical and challenging problem in assisted reproductive technology mainly due to impaired decidualization. The endocytic and transcytotic activity in the endometrium are crucial for decidualization. The most representative endocytic gene is the C-terminal Eps15 homology domain-containing 1 (EHD1), but whether EHD1-mediated endocytic function is responsible for embryo implantation during decidualization remains unclear. METHODS A transcriptomic analysis was performed to evaluate the differentially expressed genes between the fertile control and RIF group. The expression and location of EHD1 in endometrial tissues were further examined by IHC, qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The transduction of an EHD1 recombinant adenovirus into human endometrial stromal cells was performed to investigate relevant decidualization marker genes. Additionally, a microarray analysis following the adenovirus-mediated overexpression of EHD1 was conducted to identify EHD1-related changes in HESCs, and the potential molecular mechanisms were further confirmed through immunofluorescence and coimmunoprecipitation analyses. FINDINGS An RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that EHD1 expression was significantly higher in the mid-secretory endometrium of the RIF group than in that of the fertile control group. The analysis of the menstrual cycle showed that expression of EHD1 increased in the mid-proliferative phase and showed a gradual decrease in the mid-secretory and decidual phases. Furthermore, EHD1 overexpression impaired decidualization by suppressing the expression of prolactin and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 and the formation of the cytoskeleton. The mechanistic analysis revealed the EHD1 regulated LRP5/6 protein function through the endocytic pathway, and subsequently suppressed the Wnt4/β-catenin pathway during decidualization. In addition, a Wnt4 agonist improved an impaired decidualization process. INTERPRETATION Regulation of the EHD1-Wnt4 pathway might serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for improving endometrial receptivity in RIF women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijun Yan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Ding
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Yu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangbo Kong
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Kong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Philadelphia 19107, PA, USA.
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Thottacherry JJ, Sathe M, Prabhakara C, Mayor S. Spoiled for Choice: Diverse Endocytic Pathways Function at the Cell Surface. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2019; 35:55-84. [PMID: 31283376 PMCID: PMC6917507 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100617-062710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis has long been identified as a key cellular process involved in bringing in nutrients, in clearing cellular debris in tissue, in the regulation of signaling, and in maintaining cell membrane compositional homeostasis. While clathrin-mediated endocytosis has been most extensively studied, a number of clathrin-independent endocytic pathways are continuing to be delineated. Here we provide a current survey of the different types of endocytic pathways available at the cell surface and discuss a new classification and plausible molecular mechanisms for some of the less characterized pathways. Along with an evolutionary perspective of the origins of some of these pathways, we provide an appreciation of the distinct roles that these pathways play in various aspects of cellular physiology, including the control of signaling and membrane tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Jose Thottacherry
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Mugdha Sathe
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Chaitra Prabhakara
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Satyajit Mayor
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, 560065, India
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38
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Le Roux AL, Quiroga X, Walani N, Arroyo M, Roca-Cusachs P. The plasma membrane as a mechanochemical transducer. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20180221. [PMID: 31431176 PMCID: PMC6627014 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells are constantly submitted to external mechanical stresses, which they must withstand and respond to. By forming a physical boundary between cells and their environment that is also a biochemical platform, the plasma membrane (PM) is a key interface mediating both cellular response to mechanical stimuli, and subsequent biochemical responses. Here, we review the role of the PM as a mechanosensing structure. We first analyse how the PM responds to mechanical stresses, and then discuss how this mechanical response triggers downstream biochemical responses. The molecular players involved in PM mechanochemical transduction include sensors of membrane unfolding, membrane tension, membrane curvature or membrane domain rearrangement. These sensors trigger signalling cascades fundamental both in healthy scenarios and in diseases such as cancer, which cells harness to maintain integrity, keep or restore homeostasis and adapt to their external environment. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Forces in cancer: interdisciplinary approaches in tumour mechanobiology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel-Lise Le Roux
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Xarxa Quiroga
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Nikhil Walani
- LaCàN, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, Spain
| | - Marino Arroyo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
- LaCàN, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, Spain
| | - Pere Roca-Cusachs
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
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39
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Shi X, Duan F, Lin L, Xu Q, Xu T, Zhang R. WIP-1 and DBN-1 promote scission of endocytic vesicles by bridging actin and Dynamin-1 in the C. elegans intestine. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.228023. [PMID: 31118234 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.228023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a consensus that actin plays an important role in scission of the clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) together with large GTPases of the dynamin family in metazoan cells. However, the recruitment, regulation and functional interdependence of actin and dynamin during this process remain inadequately understood. Here, based on small-scale screening and in vivo live-imaging techniques, we identified a novel set of molecules underlying CCP scission in the multicellular organism Caenorhabditis elegans We found that loss of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-interacting protein (WIP-1) impaired CCP scission in a manner that is independent of the C. elegans homolog of WASP/N-WASP (WSP-1) and is mediated by direct binding to G-actin. Moreover, the cortactin-binding domain of WIP-1 serves as the binding interface for DBN-1 (also known in other organisms as Abp1), another actin-binding protein. We demonstrate that the interaction between DBN-1 and F-actin is essential for Dynamin-1 (DYN-1) recruitment at endocytic sites. In addition, the recycling regulator RME-1, a homolog of mammalian Eps15 homology (EH) domain-containing proteins, is increasingly recruited at the arrested endocytic intermediates induced by F-actin loss or DYN-1 inactivation, which further stabilizes the tubular endocytic intermediates. Our study provides new insights into the molecular network underlying F-actin participation in the scission of CCPs.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Fengyun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Long Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Qifeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China .,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rongying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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