1
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Zhang B, Lee H, Holstein JJ, Clever GH. Shape-Complementary Multicomponent Assembly of Low-Symmetry Co(III)Salphen-Based Coordination Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404682. [PMID: 38573026 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
While metal-mediated self-assembly is a popular technique to construct discrete nanosized objects, highly symmetric structures, built from one type of ligand at a time, are dominating reported systems. The tailored integration of a set of different ligands requires sophisticated approaches to avoid narcissistic separation or formation of statistical mixtures. Here, we demonstrate how the combination of three structure-guiding effects (metal-templated macrocyclization, additional bridging ligands and shape-complementarity) based on Co(III)salphen metal nodes allows for a rational and high-yielding synthesis of structurally complex, lantern-shaped cages with up to four differentiable bridges. Three new heteroleptic coordination cages based on dinuclear Co(III)salphen macrocycles were synthesized in a one-pot reaction approach and fully characterized, including single crystal X-ray analyses. One cage groups two of the same ligands, another two different ligands around a symmetric Co2-bis-salphen ring. In the most complex structure, this ring is unsymmetric, rendering all four connections between the two metal centers distinguishable. While heteroleptic assembly around Pd(II) nodes has been shown to be dynamic, beneficial for cage-to-cage transformations, assembly cascades and adaptive systems, the herein introduced cages based on kinetically more inert Co(III)salphen will be advantageous for applications in enzyme-like catalysis and molecular machinery that require enhanced structural and chemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Haeri Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Julian J Holstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Guido H Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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2
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Zimnicka MM. Structural studies of supramolecular complexes and assemblies by ion mobility mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:526-559. [PMID: 37260128 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in instrumentation and development of computational strategies for ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) studies have contributed to an extensive growth in the application of this analytical technique to comprehensive structural description of supramolecular systems. Apart from the benefits of IM-MS for interrogation of intrinsic properties of noncovalent aggregates in the experimental gas-phase environment, its merits for the description of native structural aspects, under the premises of having maintained the noncovalent interactions innate upon the ionization process, have attracted even more attention and gained increasing interest in the scientific community. Thus, various types of supramolecular complexes and assemblies relevant for biological, medical, material, and environmental sciences have been characterized so far by IM-MS supported by computational chemistry. This review covers the state-of-the-art in this field and discusses experimental methods and accompanying computational approaches for assessing the reliable three-dimensional structural elucidation of supramolecular complexes and assemblies by IM-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Zimnicka
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Dong X, Qu H, Sue ACH, Wang XC, Cao XY. Molecular Face-Rotating Polyhedra: Chiral Cages Inspired by Mathematics. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1111-1122. [PMID: 38372967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusMolecular polyhedral cages, notable for their enclosed inner cavities, can possess varying degrees of symmetry, spanning from regular Platonic polyhedra to lower symmetry forms that may display chirality. Crafting chiral molecular cages typically involves using building blocks containing stereogenic elements or arranging achiral components in a manner that lacks mirror and inversion symmetries. Achieving precise control over their chirality poses both significance and challenges.In this Account, we present an overview of our research endeavors in the realm of chiral molecular polyhedral cages, drawing inspiration from Buckminster Fuller's "Face-Rotating Polyhedra (FRP)". Mathematically, FRP introduce a unique form of chirality distinguished by a rotating pattern around the center of each face, setting it apart from regular polyhedra.Molecular FRP can be constructed using two types of facial building blocks. The first includes rigid, planar molecules such as truxene and triazatruxene, which exhibit either clockwise or counterclockwise rotations in two dimensions. The second category involves propeller-like molecules, e.g., tetraphenylethylene, 1,2,3,4,5-penta(4-phenylaldehyde)pyrrole, and tridurylborane, displaying dynamic stereochemistry.The synthesis of FRP may potentially yield a diverse array of stereoisomers. Achieving high stereoselectivity becomes feasible through the selection of building blocks with specific substitution patterns and rigidity. Prominent noncovalent repulsive forces within the resulting cages often play a pivotal role in the dynamic covalent assembly process, ultimately leading to the formation of thermodynamically stable FRP products.The capacity to generate a multitude of stereoisomers, combined with the integration of chiral vertices, has facilitated investigations into phenomena such as chiral self-sorting and the "sergeant and soldiers" chiral amplification effect in FRP. Even the inclusion of one chiral vertex significantly impacts the stereochemical configuration of the entire cage. While many facial building blocks establish a stable rotational pattern in FRP, other units, such as tridurylborane, can dynamically transition between P and M configurations within the cage structures. The kinetic characteristics of such stereolabile FRP can be elucidated through physicochemical investigations.Our research extends beyond the FRP concept to encompass mathematical analysis of these structures. Graph theory, particularly the coloring problem, sheds light on the intricate facial patterns exhibited by various FRP stereoisomers and serves as an efficient tool to facilitate the discovery of novel FRP structures. This approach offers a fresh paradigm for designing and analyzing chiral molecular polyhedral cages, showcasing in our work the synergy between mathematics and molecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Innovation Laboratory for Science and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Innovation Laboratory for Science and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Andrew C-H Sue
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Innovation Laboratory for Science and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xin-Chang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Innovation Laboratory for Science and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Innovation Laboratory for Science and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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4
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Guan YM, Bai Q, Zhang Z, Wu T, Xie TZ, Wang P. A truncated triangular prism constructed by using imidazole-terpyridine building blocks. Dalton Trans 2023; 53:45-49. [PMID: 38063071 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03217e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The construction of low-symmetry topological supramolecular structures using bistable building blocks remains challenging. We report an unusual truncated triangular prismatic cage with D3h symmetry using a ligand with both cis- and trans-configurations upon coordination with metal. This work provides new ideas and methods for the future synthesis of low-symmetry topological supramolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Guan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qixia Bai
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tun Wu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting-Zheng Xie
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Liu Y, Liu FZ, Li S, Liu H, Yan K. Biasing the Formation of Solution-Unstable Intermediates in Coordination Self-Assembly by Mechanochemistry. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302563. [PMID: 37670119 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the reversible nature of coordination bonds and solvation effect, coordination self-assembly pathways are often difficult to elucidate experimentally in solution, as intermediates and products are in constant equilibration. The present study shows that some of these transient and high-energy self-assembly intermediates can be accessed by means of ball-milling approaches. Among them, highly aqueous-unstable Pd3 L11 and Pd6 L14 open-cage intermediates of the framed Fujita Pd6 L14 cage and Pd2 L22 , Pd3 L21 and Pd4 L22 intermediates of Mukherjee Pd6 L24 capsule are successfully trapped in solid-state, where Pd=tmedaPd2+ , L1=2,4,6-tris(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine and L2=1,3,5-tris(1-imidazolyl)benzene). Their structures are assigned by a combination of solution-based characterization tools such as standard NMR spectroscopy, DOSY NMR, ESI-MS and X-ray diffraction. Collectively, these results highlight the opportunity of using mechanochemistry to access unique chemical space with vastly different reactivity compared to conventional solution-based supramolecular self-assembly reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Fang-Zi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Shi Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hua Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - KaKing Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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6
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Heinl S, Peresypkina E, Kremer W, Scheer M. A lens-shaped supramolecule based on the bulky pentaphosphaferrocene [Cp BIGFe(η 5-P 5)] and CuBr 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10263-10266. [PMID: 37534857 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03244b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Besides inherent fullerene-like hollow spheres, the metallasupramolecular chemistry of pentaphosphaferrocenes and CuBr2 afforded a conceptually new product, a compact 3.2 nm sized supramolecule [{1d}6(CuBr)32(CH3CN)6] formed by six largest pentaphosphaferrocene units [CpBIGFe(η5-P5)] (1d: CpBIG = η5-C5(4-nBuC6H4)5) so far and a framework of 32 copper and 32 bromide ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Heinl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93040, Germany.
| | - Eugenia Peresypkina
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93040, Germany.
| | - Werner Kremer
- Institute of Biophysics and Physical Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93040, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93040, Germany.
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7
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Wu K, Ronson TK, Goh L, Xue W, Heard AW, Su P, Li X, Vinković M, Nitschke JR. A Diverse Array of Large Capsules Transform in Response to Stimuli. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11356-11363. [PMID: 37191451 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The allosteric regulation of biomolecules, such as enzymes, enables them to adapt and alter their conformation to fit specific substrates, expressing different functionalities in response to stimuli. Different stimuli can also trigger synthetic coordination cages to change their shape, size, and nuclearity by reconfiguring the dynamic metal-ligand bonds that hold them together. Here we demonstrate an abiological system consisting of different organic subcomponents and ZnII metal ions, which can respond to simple stimuli in complex ways. A ZnII20L12 dodecahedron transforms to give a larger ZnII30L12 icosidodecahedron through subcomponent exchange, as an aldehyde that forms bidentate ligands is displaced in favor of one that forms tridentate ligands together with a penta-amine subcomponent. In the presence of a chiral template guest, the same system that produced the icosidodecahedron instead gives a ZnII15L6 truncated rhombohedral architecture through enantioselective self-assembly. Under specific crystallization conditions, a guest induces a further reconfiguration of either the ZnII30L12 or ZnII15L6 cages to yield an unprecedented ZnII20L8 pseudo-truncated octahedral structure. The transformation network of these cages shows how large synthetic hosts can undergo structural adaptation through the application of chemical stimuli, opening pathways to broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Leonard Goh
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Weichao Xue
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Andrew W Heard
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Pingru Su
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Mladen Vinković
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
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8
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Xu Y, Zhang H, Su H, Ma J, Yu H, Li K, Shi J, Hao XQ, Wang K, Song B, Wang M. Hourglass-Shaped Nanocages with Concaved Structures Based on Selective Self-Complementary Coordination Ligands and Tunable Hierarchical Self-Assembly. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300009. [PMID: 36964988 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) structures constructed via coordination-driven self-assemblies have recently garnered increasing attention due to the challenges in structural design and potential applications. In particular, developing new strategy for the convenient and precise self-assemblies of 3D supramolecular structures is of utmost interest. Introducing the concept of self-coordination ligands, herein the design and synthesis of two meta-modified terpyridyl ligands with selective self-complementary coordination moiety are reported and their capability to assemble into two hourglass-shaped nanocages SA and SB is demonstrated. Within these 3D structures, the meta-modified terpyridyl unit preferably coordinates with itself to serve as concave part. By changing the arm length of the ligands, hexamer (SA) and tetramer (SB) are obtained respectively. In-depth studies on the assembly mechanism of SA and SB indicate that the dimers could be formed first via self-complementary coordination and play crucial roles in controlling the final structures. Moreover, both SA and SB can go through hierarchical self-assemblies in solution as well as on solid-liquid interface, which are characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). It is further demonstrated that various higher-order assembly structures can be achieved by tuning the environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Haixin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Haoyue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Jianjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Kehuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Junjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
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9
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Benchimol E, Nguyen BNT, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Transformation networks of metal-organic cages controlled by chemical stimuli. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5101-5135. [PMID: 35661155 PMCID: PMC9207707 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00801j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The flexibility of biomolecules enables them to adapt and transform as a result of signals received from the external environment, expressing different functions in different contexts. In similar fashion, coordination cages can undergo stimuli-triggered transformations owing to the dynamic nature of the metal-ligand bonds that hold them together. Different types of stimuli can trigger dynamic reconfiguration of these metal-organic assemblies, to switch on or off desired functionalities. Such adaptable systems are of interest for applications in switchable catalysis, selective molecular recognition or as transformable materials. This review highlights recent advances in the transformation of cages using chemical stimuli, providing a catalogue of reported strategies to transform cages and thus allow the creation of new architectures. Firstly we focus on strategies for transformation through the introduction of new cage components, which trigger reconstitution of the initial set of components. Secondly we summarize conversions triggered by external stimuli such as guests, concentration, solvent or pH, highlighting the adaptation processes that coordination cages can undergo. Finally, systems capable of responding to multiple stimuli are described. Such systems constitute composite chemical networks with the potential for more complex behaviour. We aim to offer new perspectives on how to design transformation networks, in order to shed light on signal-driven transformation processes that lead to the preparation of new functional metal-organic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Benchimol
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Bao-Nguyen T Nguyen
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
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10
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Carpenter JP, Ronson TK, Rizzuto FJ, Héliot T, Grice P, Nitschke JR. Incorporation of a Phosphino(pyridine) Subcomponent Enables the Formation of Cages with Homobimetallic and Heterobimetallic Vertices. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8467-8473. [PMID: 35511929 PMCID: PMC9121369 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Biological systems employ multimetallic assemblies to achieve a range of functions. Here we demonstrate the preparation of metal-organic cages that contain either homobimetallic or heterobimetallic vertices. These vertices are constructed using 2-formyl-6-diphenylphosphinopyridine, which forms ligands that readily bridge between a pair of metal centers, thus enforcing the formation of bimetallic coordination motifs. Two pseudo-octahedral homometallic MI12L4 cages (MI = CuI or AgI) were prepared, with a head-to-head configuration of their vertices confirmed by X-ray crystallography and multinuclear NMR for AgI. The phosphino-pyridine subcomponent also enabled the formation of a class of octanuclear CdII4CuI4L4 tetrahedral cages, representing an initial example of self-assembled cages containing well-defined heterobimetallic vertices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Théophile Héliot
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Grice
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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11
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Liu Y, Liu FZ, Yan K. Mechanochemical Access to a Short-Lived Cyclic Dimer Pd 2 L 2 : An Elusive Kinetic Species En Route to Molecular Triangle Pd 3 L 3 and Molecular Square Pd 4 L 4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116980. [PMID: 35191567 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pd-based molecular square Pd4 L4 and triangle Pd3 L3 represent the molecular ancestors of metal-coordination polyhedra that have been an integral part of the field for the last 30 years. Conventional solution-based reactions between cis-protected Pd ions and 2,2'-bipyridine exclusively give Pd4 L4 and/or Pd3 L3 as the sole products. We herein show that, under solvent-free mechanochemical conditions, the self-assembly energy landscape can be thermodynamically manipulated to form an elusive cyclic dimer Pd2 L2 for the first time. In the absence of solvent, Pd2 L2 is indefinitely stable in the solid-state, but converts rapidly to its thermodynamic products Pd3 L3 and Pd4 L4 in solution, confirming Pd2 L2 as a short-lived kinetic species in the solution-based self-assembly process. Our results highlight how mechanochemistry grants access to a vastly different chemical space than available under conventional solution conditions. This provides a unique opportunity to isolate elusive species in self-assembly processes that are too reactive to both "see" and "capture".
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Zi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - KaKing Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
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12
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Liu Q, Jin B, Li Q, Yang H, Luo Y, Li X. Self-sorting assembly of artificial building blocks. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:2484-2499. [PMID: 35266949 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00153e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly to build high-level structures, which is ubiquitous in living systems, has captured the imagination of scientists, striving to emulate the intricacy, homogeneity and versatility of the naturally occurring systems, and to pursue a similar level of organization in artificial building blocks. In particular, self-sorting assembly in multicomponent systems, based on the spontaneous recognition and consequent spatial aggregation of the same or interactive building units, is able to realize very complicated assembly behaviours, and usually results in multiple well-ordered products or hierarchical structures in a one-step manner. This highly efficient assembly strategy has attracted tremendous research attention in recent years, and numerous examples have been reported in artificial systems, particularly with supramolecular and polymeric building blocks. In the current review, we summarize the progress in recent years, and classify them into five main categories, based on their working mechanisms or principles. With the review of these strategies, we hope to provide not only some deep insights into this field, but also and more importantly, useful thoughts in the design and fabrication of self-sorting systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwei Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bixin Jin
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qin Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huanzhi Yang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunjun Luo
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Experimental Centre of Advanced Materials, Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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13
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Liu Y, Liu F, Yan K. Mechanochemical Access to a Short‐Lived Cyclic Dimer Pd
2
L
2
: An Elusive Kinetic Species En Route to Molecular Triangle Pd
3
L
3
and Molecular Square Pd
4
L
4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 201210 Shanghai China
| | - Fang‐Zi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 201210 Shanghai China
| | - KaKing Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 201210 Shanghai China
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14
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Self-assembly of a large, closed capsule reminiscent of protein-cage formation. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Yu X, Guo C, Lu S, Chen Z, Wang H, Li X. Terpyridine-Based 3D Discrete Metallosupramolecular Architectures. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200004. [PMID: 35167147 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Terpyridine (tpy)-based 3D discrete metallosupramolecular architectures, which are often inspired by polyhedral geometry and the biological structures found in nature, have drawn significant attention from the community of metallosupramolecular chemistry. Because of the linear tpy-M(II)-tpy connectivity, the creation of sophisticated 3D metallosupramolecules based on tpy remains a formidable synthetic challenge. Nevertheless, with recent advancement in ligand design and self-assembly, diverse 3D metallosupramolecular polyhedrons, such as Platonic solids, Archimedean solids, prims as well as Johnson solids, have been constructed and their potential applications have been explored. This review summarizes the progress on tpy-based discrete 3D metallosupramolecules, aiming to shed more light on the design and construction of novel discrete architectures with molecular-level precision through coordination-driven self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China.,Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
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16
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17
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18
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Zhang D, Gan Q, Plajer AJ, Lavendomme R, Ronson TK, Lu Z, Jensen JD, Laursen BW, Nitschke JR. Templation and Concentration Drive Conversion Between a Fe II12L 12 Pseudoicosahedron, a Fe II4L 4 Tetrahedron, and a Fe II2L 3 Helicate. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1106-1112. [PMID: 35014803 PMCID: PMC9097479 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the construction of three structurally distinct self-assembled architectures: FeII12L12 pseudoicosahedron 1, FeII2L3 helicate 2, and FeII4L4 tetrahedron 3, formed from a single triazatriangulenium subcomponent A under different reaction conditions. Pseudoicosahedral capsule 1 is the largest formed through subcomponent self-assembly to date, with an outer-sphere diameter of 5.4 nm and a cavity volume of 15 nm3. The outcome of self-assembly depended upon concentration, where the formation of pseudoicosahedron 1 was favored at higher concentrations, while helicate 2 exclusively formed at lower concentrations. The conversion of pseudoicosahedron 1 or helicate 2 into tetrahedron 3 occurred following the addition of a CB11H12- or B12F122- template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East
China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic
of China
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Quan Gan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
- Hubei Key
Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
- Oxford Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Roy Lavendomme
- COMOC—Center
for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis, Department of
Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Zifei Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Jesper D. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo W. Laursen
- Department
of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
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19
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Shi J, Wang M. Self-Assembly Methods for Recently Reported Discrete Supramolecular Structures Based on Terpyridine. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:4037-4048. [PMID: 34672098 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this Review, self-assembly methods of discrete metallo-supramolecules based on 2,2' : 6',2''-terpyridine (tpy) are comprehensively summarized. With the development of self-assembly, strategies for discrete 2D and 3D supramolecular architectures have boomed, including the geometry-directed method, template-driven method, and stepwise method. Ligand geometry-directed method mainly depends on the geometry of ligands (i. e., angle, geometric strain, and rigidity), and it is suitable for dual-component systems, while the template-driven method can guide the self-assembly of predesigned supramolecules by the introduction of specific templates. Meanwhile, stepwise method, breaking the inherent self-sorting of ligands and reducing the probability of mismatch, is suitable for multicomponent systems to yield predesigned supramolecules. This review focuses on self-assembly methods and aims to provide a guideline for constructing supramolecular architectures using a suitable approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjuan Shi
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
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20
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Mishra I, Bhol M, Kalimuthu P, Sathiyendiran M. Emerging Spacers-Based Ligands for Supramolecular Coordination Complexes. CHEM REC 2021; 21:594-614. [PMID: 33615668 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The design and self-assembly of supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) i. e., discrete cyclic metalloarchitectures such as cycles, cages, mesocates, and helicates with desired size, shape, and properties have been increasing exponentially owing to their potential applications in molecular sensors, molecular cargos, molecular recognition, and catalysis. The introduction of the organic motifs and metal complexes as a spacer provides functionality to the metalloarchitecture. This review mainly focusses on newly evolving spacer based ligands employed to yield simple to high-order metallosupramolecular assemblies using straight-forward approaches. The new spacers including corannulene, organic cyclic framework, bicyclic organic motifs, aliphatic chain, metalloligands, triarylboron, BODIPY, azaphosphatrane, phosphine, and thio/selenophosphates offer a great set of properties and in-built functionalities to the metalloarchitectures which are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Mishra
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Mamina Bhol
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Palanisamy Kalimuthu
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, 624 302, Tamil Nadu, India
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21
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Shi J, Li Y, Jiang X, Yu H, Li J, Zhang H, Trainer DJ, Hla SW, Wang H, Wang M, Li X. Self-Assembly of Metallo-Supramolecules with Dissymmetrical Ligands and Characterization by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1224-1234. [PMID: 33395279 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetrical and dissymmetrical structures are widespread and play a critical role in nature and life systems. In the field of metallo-supramolecular assemblies, it is still in its infancy for constructing artificial architectures using dissymmetrical building blocks. Herein, we report the self-assembly of supramolecular systems based on two dissymmetrical double-layered ligands. With the aid of ultra-high-vacuum, low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (UHV-LT-STM), we were able to investigate four isomeric structures corresponding to four types of binding modes of ligand LA with two major conformations complexes A. The distribution of isomers measured by STM and total binding energy of each isomer obtained by density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggested that the most abundant isomer could be the most stable one with highest total binding energy. Finally, through shortening the linker between inner and outer layers and the length of arms, the arrangement of dissymmetrical ligand LB could be controlled within one binding mode corresponding to the single conformation for complexes B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.,College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yiming Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Houyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Daniel J Trainer
- Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Saw Wai Hla
- Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.,Shenzhen University General Hospital, Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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22
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Percec V, Xiao Q, Lligadas G, Monteiro MJ. Perfecting self-organization of covalent and supramolecular mega macromolecules via sequence-defined and monodisperse components. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Wang H, Zhou L, Zheng Y, Wang K, Song B, Yan X, Wojtas L, Wang X, Jiang X, Wang M, Sun Q, Xu B, Yang H, Sue AC, Chan Y, Sessler JL, Jiao Y, Stang PJ, Li X. Double‐Layered Supramolecular Prisms Self‐Assembled by Geometrically Non‐equivalent Tetratopic Subunits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1298-1305. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Li‐Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Department of Chemistry Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 USA
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xu‐Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Qing‐Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Bingqian Xu
- College of Engineering and Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Hai‐Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Andrew C.‐H. Sue
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yi‐Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry National (Taiwan) University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | | | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 China
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24
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Wang H, Zhou L, Zheng Y, Wang K, Song B, Yan X, Wojtas L, Wang X, Jiang X, Wang M, Sun Q, Xu B, Yang H, Sue AC, Chan Y, Sessler JL, Jiao Y, Stang PJ, Li X. Double‐Layered Supramolecular Prisms Self‐Assembled by Geometrically Non‐equivalent Tetratopic Subunits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Li‐Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Department of Chemistry Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 USA
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xu‐Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Qing‐Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Bingqian Xu
- College of Engineering and Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Hai‐Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Andrew C.‐H. Sue
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yi‐Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry National (Taiwan) University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | | | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 China
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25
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Solel E, Pappo D, Reany O, Mejuch T, Gershoni-Poranne R, Botoshansky M, Stanger A, Keinan E. Flat corannulene: when a transition state becomes a stable molecule. Chem Sci 2020; 11:13015-13025. [PMID: 34094486 PMCID: PMC8163244 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04566g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flat corannulene has been considered so far only as a transition state of the bowl-to-bowl inversion process. This study was driven by the prediction that substituents with strong steric repulsion could destabilize the bowl-shaped conformation of this molecule to such an extent that the highly unstable planar geometry would become an isolable molecule. To examine the substituents' effect on the corannulene bowl depth, optimized structures for the highly-congested decakis(t-butylsulfido)corannulene were calculated. The computations, performed with both the M06-2X/def2-TZVP and the B3LYP/def2-TZVP methods (the latter with and without Grimme's D3 dispersion correction), predict that this molecule can achieve two minimum structures: a flat carbon framework and a bowl-shaped structure, which are very close in energy. This rather unusual compound was easily synthesized from decachlorocorannulene under mild reaction conditions, and X-ray crystallographic studies gave similar results to the theoretical predictions. This compound crystallized in two different polymorphs, one exhibiting a completely flat corannulene core and the other having a bowl-shaped conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephrath Solel
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Doron Pappo
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Ofer Reany
- Avinoam Adam Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel 1 University Road, P.O. Box 808 Ra'anana 4353701 Israel
| | - Tom Mejuch
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Renana Gershoni-Poranne
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Mark Botoshansky
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Amnon Stanger
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Ehud Keinan
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
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26
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Qu H, Huang Z, Dong X, Wang X, Tang X, Li Z, Gao W, Liu H, Huang R, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Yang L, Tian Z, Cao X. Truncated Face-Rotating Polyhedra Constructed from Pentagonal Pentaphenylpyrrole through Graph Theory. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16223-16228. [PMID: 32886877 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Discovering novel families of molecular polyhedra through graph theory has attracted increasing interest. Nevertheless, the design principles of molecular polyhedra based on graph theory remain elusive, especially for those containing five-node units. Herein, we construct a series of chiral truncated face-rotating polyhedra (T-FRP) from pentagonal pentaphenylpyrrole (PPP) derivatives and chiral diamines. Graph theory is used to elucidate the geometry of these novel T-FRP, which represent a new family of molecular polyhedra. The phenyl flipping of PPP faces in these T-FRP is significantly restricted, thus making T-FRP chiral and strongly emissive in solution. In addition, T-FRP also generate circularly polarized luminescence. This study provides new insights into the rational design of novel molecular polyhedra through graph theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Zheyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Xue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Xinchang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Haoliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Ruishan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Liulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
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27
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Li Y, Huo GF, Liu B, Song B, Zhang Y, Qian X, Wang H, Yin GQ, Filosa A, Sun W, Hla SW, Yang HB, Li X. Giant Concentric Metallosupramolecule with Aggregation-Induced Phosphorescent Emission. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14638-14648. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Gui-Fei Huo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Xiaomin Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guang-Qiang Yin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Alexander Filosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Saw Wai Hla
- Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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28
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Haase F, Craig GA, Bonneau M, Sugimoto K, Furukawa S. Pseudo-5-Fold-Symmetrical Ligand Drives Geometric Frustration in Porous Metal–Organic and Hydrogen-Bonded Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13839-13845. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Haase
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, iCeMS Research Building, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Gavin A. Craig
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, iCeMS Research Building, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mickaële Bonneau
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, iCeMS Research Building, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kunihisa Sugimoto
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, iCeMS Research Building, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, iCeMS Research Building, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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29
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Masson E, Urbach AR. 6 th International Conference on Cucurbiturils (ICCB2019): Athens, Ohio, USA, July 21-24 th. Supramol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2020.1725516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Masson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Adam R. Urbach
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, USA
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30
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Ronson TK, Wang Y, Baldridge K, Siegel JS, Nitschke JR. An S10-Symmetric 5-Fold Interlocked [2]Catenane. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10267-10272. [PMID: 32453562 PMCID: PMC7291353 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of sym-pentakis(4-aminothiophenyl)corannulene with 2-formyl-6-methylpyridine and CuI or 2-formyl-1,10-phenanthroline and MII (M = Co, Zn) yields an S10-symmetric 5-fold interlocked [2]catenane of two interpenetrating [CuI5L2]5+ cages or D5-symmetric [MII5L2]10+ cages, respectively. The new structures were characterized by X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Density functional theory computations point to dispersive energies on par with traditional covalent bond energies. Subcomponent exchange reactions favored formation of the [CoII5L2]10+ cage over the [CuI10L4]10+ catenane. The single cage and catenane each cocrystallized with a corannulene guest to form a bowl-in-bowl substructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Yujia Wang
- Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kim Baldridge
- Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jay S Siegel
- Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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31
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Yang W, Samanta K, Wan X, Thikekar TU, Chao Y, Li S, Du K, Xu J, Gao Y, Zuilhof H, Sue AC. Tiara[5]arenes: Synthesis, Solid‐State Conformational Studies, Host–Guest Properties, and Application as Nonporous Adaptive Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yang
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Kushal Samanta
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Xintong Wan
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Tushar Ulhas Thikekar
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Yang Chao
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Shunshun Li
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Ke Du
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Wageningen University Stippeneng 4 6708 WE Wageningen The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrew C.‐H. Sue
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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32
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Yang W, Samanta K, Wan X, Thikekar TU, Chao Y, Li S, Du K, Xu J, Gao Y, Zuilhof H, Sue ACH. Tiara[5]arenes: Synthesis, Solid-State Conformational Studies, Host-Guest Properties, and Application as Nonporous Adaptive Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3994-3999. [PMID: 31763754 PMCID: PMC7187373 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tiara[5]arenes (T[5]s), a new class of five‐fold symmetric oligophenolic macrocycles that are not accessible from the addition of formaldehyde to phenol, were synthesized for the first time. These pillar[5]arene‐derived structures display both unique conformational freedom, differing from that of pillararenes, with a rich blend of solid‐state conformations and excellent host–guest interactions in solution. Finally we show how this novel macrocyclic scaffold can be functionalized in a variety of ways and used as functional crystalline materials to distinguish uniquely between benzene and cyclohexane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yang
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Kushal Samanta
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xintong Wan
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Tushar Ulhas Thikekar
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chao
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Shunshun Li
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ke Du
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrew C-H Sue
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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