1
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Granizo E, Kriukova I, Escudero-Villa P, Samokhvalov P, Nabiev I. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics in Strong Light-Matter Coupling Systems. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1520. [PMID: 39330676 PMCID: PMC11435064 DOI: 10.3390/nano14181520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
The combination of micro- or nanofluidics and strong light-matter coupling has gained much interest in the past decade, which has led to the development of advanced systems and devices with numerous potential applications in different fields, such as chemistry, biosensing, and material science. Strong light-matter coupling is achieved by placing a dipole (e.g., an atom or a molecule) into a confined electromagnetic field, with molecular transitions being in resonance with the field and the coupling strength exceeding the average dissipation rate. Despite intense research and encouraging results in this field, some challenges still need to be overcome, related to the fabrication of nano- and microscale optical cavities, stability, scaling up and production, sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and real-time control and monitoring. The goal of this paper is to summarize recent developments in micro- and nanofluidic systems employing strong light-matter coupling. An overview of various methods and techniques used to achieve strong light-matter coupling in micro- or nanofluidic systems is presented, preceded by a brief outline of the fundamentals of strong light-matter coupling and optofluidics operating in the strong coupling regime. The potential applications of these integrated systems in sensing, optofluidics, and quantum technologies are explored. The challenges and prospects in this rapidly developing field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Granizo
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, 143025 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Kriukova
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, 143025 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pedro Escudero-Villa
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba 060108, Ecuador
| | - Pavel Samokhvalov
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, 143025 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Nabiev
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, 143025 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia
- BioSpectroscopie Translationnelle (BioSpecT)-UR 7506, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
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2
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Hu S, Huang J, Arul R, Sánchez-Iglesias A, Xiong Y, Liz-Marzán LM, Baumberg JJ. Robust consistent single quantum dot strong coupling in plasmonic nanocavities. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6835. [PMID: 39122720 PMCID: PMC11315915 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51170-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Strong coupling between a single quantum emitter and an optical cavity (at rate Ω) accesses fundamental quantum optics and provides an essential building block for photonic quantum technologies. However, the minimum mode volume of conventional dielectric cavities restricts their operation to cryogenic temperature for strong coupling. Here we harness surface self-assembly to make deterministic strong coupling at room temperature using CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) in nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) plasmonic nanocavities. We achieve a fabrication yield of ~70% for single QD strong coupling by optimizing their size and nano-assembly. A clear and reliable Rabi splitting is observed both in the scattering of each nanocavity and their photoluminescence, which are however not equal. Integrating these quantum elements with electrical pumping allows demonstration of strong coupling in their electroluminescence. This advance provides a straightforward way to achieve practical quantum devices at room temperature, and opens up exploration of their nonlinear, electrical, and quantum correlation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hu
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Junyang Huang
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rakesh Arul
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Sánchez-Iglesias
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Yuling Xiong
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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3
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Liu Y, Zhou H, Lin L, Sun HB. Tunable single emitter-cavity coupling strength through waveguide-assisted energy quantum transfer. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:171. [PMID: 39025842 PMCID: PMC11258325 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The emitter-cavity strong coupling manifests crucial significance for exploiting quantum technology, especially in the scale of individual emitters. However, due to the small light-matter interaction cross-section, the single emitter-cavity strong coupling has been limited by its harsh requirement on the quality factor of the cavity and the local density of optical states. Herein, we present a strategy termed waveguide-assisted energy quantum transfer (WEQT) to improve the single emitter-cavity coupling strength by extending the interaction cross-section. Multiple ancillary emitters are optically linked by a waveguide, providing an indirect coupling channel to transfer the energy quantum between target emitter and cavity. An enhancement factor of coupling strengthg ̃ / g > 10 can be easily achieved, which dramatically release the rigorous design of cavity. As an extension of concept, we further show that the ancillae can be used as controlling bits for a photon gate, opening up new degrees of freedom in quantum manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Linhan Lin
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Hong-Bo Sun
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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4
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Liu R, Geng M, Ai J, Fan X, Liu Z, Lu YW, Kuang Y, Liu JF, Guo L, Wu L. Deterministic positioning and alignment of a single-molecule exciton in plasmonic nanodimer for strong coupling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4103. [PMID: 38755130 PMCID: PMC11099047 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Experimental realization of strong coupling between a single exciton and plasmons remains challenging as it requires deterministic positioning of the single exciton and alignment of its dipole moment with the plasmonic fields. This study aims to combine the host-guest chemistry approach with the cucurbit[7]uril-mediated active self-assembly to precisely integrate a single methylene blue molecule in an Au nanodimer at the deterministic position (gap center of the nanodimer) with the maximum electric field (EFmax) and perfectly align its transition dipole moment with the EFmax, yielding a large spectral Rabi splitting of 116 meV for a single-molecule exciton-matching the analytical model and numerical simulations. Statistical analysis of vibrational spectroscopy and dark-field scattering spectra confirm the realization of the single exciton strong coupling at room temperature. Our work may suggest an approach for achieving the strong coupling between a deterministic single exciton and plasmons, contributing to the development of room-temperature single-qubit quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renming Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Ming Geng
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jindong Ai
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xinyi Fan
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhixiang Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yu-Wei Lu
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen, 518045, China
| | - Yanmin Kuang
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jing-Feng Liu
- College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Lijun Guo
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Republic of Singapore.
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, No. 16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore.
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5
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Huang J, Hu S, Kos D, Xiong Y, Jakob LA, Sánchez-Iglesias A, Guo C, Liz-Marzán LM, Baumberg JJ. Enhanced Photocurrent and Electrically Pumped Quantum Dot Emission from Single Plasmonic Nanoantennas. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3323-3330. [PMID: 38215048 PMCID: PMC10832344 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Integrating cavity-enhanced colloidal quantum dots (QDs) into photonic chip devices would be transformative for advancing room-temperature optoelectronic and quantum photonic technologies. However, issues with efficiency, stability, and cost remain formidable challenges to reach the single antenna limit. Here, we present a bottom-up approach that delivers single QD-plasmonic nanoantennas with electrical addressability. These QD nanojunctions exhibit robust photoresponse characteristics, with plasmonically enhanced photocurrent spectra matching the QD solution absorption. We demonstrate electroluminescence from individual plasmonic nanoantennas, extending the device lifetime beyond 40 min by utilizing a 3 nm electron-blocking polymer layer. In addition, we reveal a giant voltage-dependent redshift of up to 62 meV due to the quantum-confined Stark effect and determine the exciton polarizability of the CdSe QD monolayer to be 4 × 10-5 meV/(kV/cm)2. These developments provide a foundation for accessing scalable quantum light sources and high-speed, tunable optoelectronic systems operating under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Huang
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Shu Hu
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Dean Kos
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Yuling Xiong
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Lukas A. Jakob
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Ana Sánchez-Iglesias
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Chenyang Guo
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 43009, Spain
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
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6
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Koo Y, Moon T, Kang M, Joo H, Lee C, Lee H, Kravtsov V, Park KD. Dynamical control of nanoscale light-matter interactions in low-dimensional quantum materials. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:30. [PMID: 38272869 PMCID: PMC10810844 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced nano-spectroscopy and -imaging have significantly advanced our understanding of low-dimensional quantum materials and their interactions with light, providing a rich insight into the underlying physics at their natural length scale. Recently, various functionalities of the plasmonic tip expand the capabilities of the nanoscopy, enabling dynamic manipulation of light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. In this review, we focus on a new paradigm of the nanoscopy, shifting from the conventional role of imaging and spectroscopy to the dynamical control approach of the tip-induced light-matter interactions. We present three different approaches of tip-induced control of light-matter interactions, such as cavity-gap control, pressure control, and near-field polarization control. Specifically, we discuss the nanoscale modifications of radiative emissions for various emitters from weak to strong coupling regime, achieved by the precise engineering of the cavity-gap. Furthermore, we introduce recent works on light-matter interactions controlled by tip-pressure and near-field polarization, especially tunability of the bandgap, crystal structure, photoluminescence quantum yield, exciton density, and energy transfer in a wide range of quantum materials. We envision that this comprehensive review not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the physics of nanoscale light-matter interactions but also offers a valuable resource to nanophotonics, plasmonics, and materials science for future technological advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjeong Koo
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Moon
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingu Kang
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Huitae Joo
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjoo Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongwoo Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Vasily Kravtsov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Kyoung-Duck Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Jamshidi Z, Kargar K, Mendive-Tapia D, Vendrell O. Coupling Molecular Systems with Plasmonic Nanocavities: A Quantum Dynamics Approach. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:11367-11375. [PMID: 38078674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles have the capacity to confine electromagnetic fields to the subwavelength regime and provide strong coupling with few or even a single emitter at room temperature. The photophysical properties of the emitters are highly dependent on the relative distance and orientation between them and the nanocavity. Therefore, there is a need for accurate and general light-matter interaction models capable of guiding their design in application-oriented devices. In this work, we present a Hermitian formalism within the framework of quantum dynamics and based on first-principles electronic structure calculations. Our vibronic approach considers the quantum nature of the plasmonic excitations and the dynamics of nonradiative channels to model plasmonic nanocavities and their dipolar coupling to molecular electronic states. Thus, the quantized and dissipative nature of the nanocavity is fully addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jamshidi
- Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9516, Iran
| | - Kimia Kargar
- Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9516, Iran
| | - David Mendive-Tapia
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oriol Vendrell
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Bhuyan R, Mony J, Kotov O, Castellanos GW, Gómez Rivas J, Shegai TO, Börjesson K. The Rise and Current Status of Polaritonic Photochemistry and Photophysics. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10877-10919. [PMID: 37683254 PMCID: PMC10540218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between molecular electronic transitions and electromagnetic fields can be enlarged to the point where distinct hybrid light-matter states, polaritons, emerge. The photonic contribution to these states results in increased complexity as well as an opening to modify the photophysics and photochemistry beyond what normally can be seen in organic molecules. It is today evident that polaritons offer opportunities for molecular photochemistry and photophysics, which has caused an ever-rising interest in the field. Focusing on the experimental landmarks, this review takes its reader from the advent of the field of polaritonic chemistry, over the split into polariton chemistry and photochemistry, to present day status within polaritonic photochemistry and photophysics. To introduce the field, the review starts with a general description of light-matter interactions, how to enhance these, and what characterizes the coupling strength. Then the photochemistry and photophysics of strongly coupled systems using Fabry-Perot and plasmonic cavities are described. This is followed by a description of room-temperature Bose-Einstein condensation/polariton lasing in polaritonic systems. The review ends with a discussion on the benefits, limitations, and future developments of strong exciton-photon coupling using organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bhuyan
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jürgen Mony
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Oleg Kotov
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Gabriel W. Castellanos
- Department
of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir
Institute and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jaime Gómez Rivas
- Department
of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir
Institute and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Timur O. Shegai
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Karl Börjesson
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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9
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Kuttruff J, Romanelli M, Pedrueza-Villalmanzo E, Allerbeck J, Fregoni J, Saavedra-Becerril V, Andréasson J, Brida D, Dmitriev A, Corni S, Maccaferri N. Sub-picosecond collapse of molecular polaritons to pure molecular transition in plasmonic photoswitch-nanoantennas. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3875. [PMID: 37414750 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular polaritons are hybrid light-matter states that emerge when a molecular transition strongly interacts with photons in a resonator. At optical frequencies, this interaction unlocks a way to explore and control new chemical phenomena at the nanoscale. Achieving such control at ultrafast timescales, however, is an outstanding challenge, as it requires a deep understanding of the dynamics of the collectively coupled molecular excitation and the light modes. Here, we investigate the dynamics of collective polariton states, realized by coupling molecular photoswitches to optically anisotropic plasmonic nanoantennas. Pump-probe experiments reveal an ultrafast collapse of polaritons to pure molecular transition triggered by femtosecond-pulse excitation at room temperature. Through a synergistic combination of experiments and quantum mechanical modelling, we show that the response of the system is governed by intramolecular dynamics, occurring one order of magnitude faster with respect to the uncoupled excited molecule relaxation to the ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Kuttruff
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marco Romanelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Esteban Pedrueza-Villalmanzo
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemigården 4, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Allerbeck
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464, Konstanz, Germany
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jacopo Fregoni
- Department of Physics, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valeria Saavedra-Becerril
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemigården 4, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Andréasson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemigården 4, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Daniele Brida
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, 162a avenue de la Faïencerie, L-1511, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Alexandre Dmitriev
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Stefano Corni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- CNR Institute of Nanoscience, via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy.
| | - Nicolò Maccaferri
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, 162a avenue de la Faïencerie, L-1511, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 24, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
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10
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Chen Y, Sun M. Plexcitonics: plasmon-exciton coupling for enhancing spectroscopy, optical chirality, and nonlinearity. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37377142 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01388j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Plexcitonics is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary field that holds immense potential for the creation of innovative optical technologies and devices. This field focuses on investigating the interactions between plasmons and excitons in hybrid systems. In this review, we provide an overview of the fundamental principles of plasmonics and plexcitonics and discuss the latest advancements in plexcitonics. Specifically, we highlight the ability to manipulate plasmon-exciton interactions, the emerging field of tip-enhanced spectroscopy, and advancements in optical chirality and nonlinearity. These recent developments have spurred further research in the field of plexcitonics and offer inspiration for the design of advanced materials and devices with enhanced optical properties and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China.
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11
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Finkelstein-Shapiro D, Mante PA, Balci S, Zigmantas D, Pullerits T. Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians for linear and nonlinear optical response: A model for plexcitons. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:104104. [PMID: 36922135 DOI: 10.1063/5.0130287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In polaritons, the properties of matter are modified by mixing the molecular transitions with light modes inside a cavity. Resultant hybrid light-matter states exhibit energy level shifts, are delocalized over many molecular units, and have a different excited-state potential energy landscape, which leads to modified exciton dynamics. Previously, non-Hermitian Hamiltonians have been derived to describe the excited states of molecules coupled to surface plasmons (i.e., plexcitons), and these operators have been successfully used in the description of linear and third order optical response. In this article, we rigorously derive non-Hermitian Hamiltonians in the response function formalism of nonlinear spectroscopy by means of Feshbach operators and apply them to explore spectroscopic signatures of plexcitons. In particular, we analyze the optical response below and above the exceptional point that arises for matching transition energies for plasmon and molecular components and study their decomposition using double-sided Feynman diagrams. We find a clear distinction between interference and Rabi splitting in linear spectroscopy and a qualitative change in the symmetry of the line shape of the nonlinear signal when crossing the exceptional point. This change corresponds to one in the symmetry of the eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian. Our work presents an approach for simulating the optical response of sublevels within an electronic system and opens new applications of nonlinear spectroscopy to examine the different regimes of the spectrum of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre-Adrien Mante
- Division of Chemical Physics and Nanolund, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sinan Balci
- Department of Photonics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Donatas Zigmantas
- Division of Chemical Physics and Nanolund, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tõnu Pullerits
- Division of Chemical Physics and Nanolund, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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12
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Dunn KE, Elfick A. Harnessing DNA Nanotechnology and Chemistry for Applications in Photonics and Electronics. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:97-104. [PMID: 36121896 PMCID: PMC9853499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Many photonic and electronic devices rely on nanotechnology and nanofabrication, but DNA-based approaches have yet to make a significant commercial impact in these fields even though DNA molecules are now well-established as versatile building blocks for nanostructures. As we describe here, DNA molecules can be chemically modified with a wide variety of functional groups enabling nanocargoes to be attached at precisely determined locations. DNA nanostructures can also be used as templates for the growth of inorganic structures. Together, these factors enable the use of DNA nanotechnology for the construction of many novel devices and systems. In this topical review, we discuss four case studies of potential applications in photonics and electronics: carbon nanotube transistors, devices for quantum computing, artificial electromagnetic materials, and enzymatic fuel cells. We conclude by speculating about the barriers to the exploitation of these technologies in real-world settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E. Dunn
- School of
Engineering, Institute for
Bioengineering, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, Scotland, U.K.
| | - Alistair Elfick
- School of
Engineering, Institute for
Bioengineering, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, Scotland, U.K.
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13
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Xiong X, Clarke D, Lai Y, Bai P, Png CE, Wu L, Hess O. Substrate engineering of plasmonic nanocavity antenna modes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:2345-2358. [PMID: 36785250 DOI: 10.1364/oe.476521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanocavities have emerged as a promising platform for next-generation spectroscopy, sensing and photonic quantum information processing technologies, benefiting from a unique confluence of nanoscale compactness and integrability, ultrafast functionality and room-temperature viability. Harnessing their unprecedented optical field confinement and enhancement properties for such diverse application domains, however, demands continued innovation in cavity design and robust strategies for engineering their plasmonic mode characteristics, with the aim of optimizing spatial and spectral matching conditions for strong light-matter interaction involving embedded quantum emitters. Adopting the canonical gold bowtie nanoantenna, we show that the complex refractive index, n + ik, of the substrate material provides additional design flexibility in tailoring the properties of plasmonic nanocavity modes, including their resonance wavelengths, hotspot locations, intracavity field polarization and radiative decay rates. In particular, we predict that highly refractive (n ≥ 4) or highly absorptive (k ≥ 4) substrates provide two complementary approaches to engineering nanocavity modes that are especially desirable for coupling two-dimensional quantum materials, featuring namely an elevated hotspot with a dominantly in-plane polarized near-field, as well as a strongly radiative character. Our study elucidates the benefits and intricacies of a largely unexplored facet of nanocavity mode manipulation, beyond the widely practiced synthetic control over the cavity topology or physical dimensions, and paves the way for plasmonic cavity quantum electrodynamics with two-dimensional excitonic matter.
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14
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Dai X, Chu Z, Deng J, Li F, Zhou J, Xiong D, Zhou X, Chen X, Li N, Li Z, Lu W, Shen X. Detection band expansion by independently tunable double resonances in a long-wavelength dual-color QWIP. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:43579-43589. [PMID: 36523053 DOI: 10.1364/oe.472051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multi-resonance light coupling management is a promising way to expand the operating spectral ranges of optoelectronic devices. The classical strategies are either lack of independent tunability for each resonance or involved with complex fabrication. Here, we propose a new scheme for expanding the operating spectral range of an optoelectronic device through a dual-color active material integrated with a simple resonant waveguide structure. The TM waveguide mode and the SPP mode of the resonant waveguide structure are regulated to match the two active regions of the dual-color material both spectrally and spatially. Applying this scheme to a long-wavelength infrared quantum well photodetector, the absorption efficiencies at the two peak detection wavelengths of the dual-color quantum wells are both enhanced by more than 10 times compared with the case of a standard 45° edge facet coupled device with the same detection material. The simple light coupling structure is easy to accomplish and compatible with focal plane arrays. For thermal radiation detection, the absorption efficiency of the 300 K blackbody radiation by our dual-color detector is 83.8% higher than that by a single-color detector with the optimized structural parameters. Moreover, either polarization sensitive or polarization insensitive detection could be achieved in this dual-color infrared quantum well photodetector by using anisotropic or isotropic gratings.
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15
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Wang P, Krasavin AV, Liu L, Jiang Y, Li Z, Guo X, Tong L, Zayats AV. Molecular Plasmonics with Metamaterials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15031-15081. [PMID: 36194441 PMCID: PMC9562285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Molecular plasmonics, the area which deals with the interactions between surface plasmons and molecules, has received enormous interest in fundamental research and found numerous technological applications. Plasmonic metamaterials, which offer rich opportunities to control the light intensity, field polarization, and local density of electromagnetic states on subwavelength scales, provide a versatile platform to enhance and tune light-molecule interactions. A variety of applications, including spontaneous emission enhancement, optical modulation, optical sensing, and photoactuated nanochemistry, have been reported by exploiting molecular interactions with plasmonic metamaterials. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the developments of molecular plasmonics with metamaterials. After a brief introduction to the optical properties of plasmonic metamaterials and relevant fabrication approaches, we discuss light-molecule interactions in plasmonic metamaterials in both weak and strong coupling regimes. We then highlight the exploitation of molecules in metamaterials for applications ranging from emission control and optical modulation to optical sensing. The role of hot carriers generated in metamaterials for nanochemistry is also discussed. Perspectives on the future development of molecular plasmonics with metamaterials conclude the review. The use of molecules in combination with designer metamaterials provides a rich playground both to actively control metamaterials using molecular interactions and, in turn, to use metamaterials to control molecular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science
and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
- Department
of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King’s College London, Strand, LondonWC2R 2LS, U.K.
- Jiaxing
Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing & Intelligent Imaging, Jiaxing314000, China
- Intelligent
Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing314000, China
| | - Alexey V. Krasavin
- Department
of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King’s College London, Strand, LondonWC2R 2LS, U.K.
| | - Lufang Liu
- State Key
Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science
and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Yunlu Jiang
- Department
of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King’s College London, Strand, LondonWC2R 2LS, U.K.
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Jiaxing
Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing & Intelligent Imaging, Jiaxing314000, China
- Intelligent
Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing314000, China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key
Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science
and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
- Jiaxing
Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing & Intelligent Imaging, Jiaxing314000, China
- Intelligent
Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing314000, China
| | - Limin Tong
- State Key
Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science
and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Anatoly V. Zayats
- Department
of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King’s College London, Strand, LondonWC2R 2LS, U.K.
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16
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Babaze A, Ogando E, Elli Stamatopoulou P, Tserkezis C, Asger Mortensen N, Aizpurua J, Borisov AG, Esteban R. Quantum surface effects in the electromagnetic coupling between a quantum emitter and a plasmonic nanoantenna: time-dependent density functional theory vs. semiclassical Feibelman approach. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:21159-21183. [PMID: 36224842 DOI: 10.1364/oe.456338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We use time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) within the jellium model to study the impact of quantum-mechanical effects on the self-interaction Green's function that governs the electromagnetic interaction between quantum emitters and plasmonic metallic nanoantennas. A semiclassical model based on the Feibelman parameters, which incorporates quantum surface-response corrections into an otherwise classical description, confirms surface-enabled Landau damping and the spill out of the induced charges as the dominant quantum mechanisms strongly affecting the nanoantenna-emitter interaction. These quantum effects produce a redshift and broadening of plasmonic resonances not present in classical theories that consider a local dielectric response of the metals. We show that the Feibelman approach correctly reproduces the nonlocal surface response obtained by full quantum TDDFT calculations for most nanoantenna-emitter configurations. However, when the emitter is located in very close proximity to the nanoantenna surface, we show that the standard Feibelman approach fails, requiring an implementation that explicitly accounts for the nonlocality of the surface response in the direction parallel to the surface. Our study thus provides a fundamental description of the electromagnetic coupling between plasmonic nanoantennas and quantum emitters at the nanoscale.
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17
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Abstract
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The interaction of emitters with plasmonic cavities (PCs) has been
studied extensively during the past decade. Much of the experimental
work has focused on the weak coupling regime, manifested most importantly
by the celebrated Purcell effect, which involves a modulation of the
spontaneous emission rate of the emitter due to interaction with the
local electromagnetic density of states. Recently, there has been
a growing interest in studying hybrid emitter-PC systems in the strong-coupling
(SC) regime, in which the excited state of an emitter hybridizes with
that of the PC to generate new states termed polaritons. This phenomenon
is termed vacuum Rabi splitting (VRS) and is manifested in the spectrum
through splitting into two bands. In this Account, we discuss
SC with PCs and focus particularly
on work from our lab on the SC of quantum dots (QDs) and plasmonic
silver bowtie cavities. As bowtie structures demonstrate strong electric
field enhancement in their gaps, they facilitate approaching the SC
regime and even reaching it with just one to a few emitters placed
there. QDs are particularly advantageous for such studies, due to
their significant brightness and long lifetime under illumination.
VRS was observed in our lab by optical dark-field microspectroscopy
even in the limit of individual QDs. We further used electron energy
loss spectroscopy, a near-field spectroscopic technique, to facilitate
measuring SC not only in bright modes but also in subradiant, dark
plasmonic modes. Dark modes are expected to live longer than bright
modes and therefore should be able to store electromagnetic energy
for longer times. Photoluminescence (PL) is another useful observable
for probing
the SC regime at the single-emitter limit, as shown by several laboratories.
We recently used Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry to demonstrate
the quantum nature of PL from QDs within PCs, verifying that the measurements
are indeed from one to three QDs. Further spectroscopic studies of
QD-PC systems in fact manifested several surprising features, indicating
discrepancies between scattering and PL spectra. These observations
pointed to the contribution of multiple excited states. Indeed, using
model simulations based on an extended Jaynes–Cummings Hamiltonian,
it was found that the involvement of a dark state of the QDs can explain
the experimental findings. Given that bright and dark states couple
to the cavity with different degrees of coupling strength, the PC
affects in a different manner each excitonic state. This yields complex
relaxation pathways and interesting dynamics. Future work should
allow us to increase the QD-PC coupling deeper
into the SC regime. This will pave the way to exciting applications
including the generation of single-photon sources and studies of cavity-induced
coherent interactions between emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ora Bitton
- Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Gilad Haran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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18
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Sarisozen S, Polat N, Mert Balci F, Guvenc CM, Kocabas C, Yaglioglu HG, Balci S. Strong Coupling of Carbon Quantum Dots in Liquid Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3562-3570. [PMID: 35426302 PMCID: PMC9059182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CDs) have recently received a tremendous amount of interest owing to their attractive optical properties. However, CDs have broad absorption and emission spectra limiting their application ranges. We herein, for the first time, show synthesis of water-soluble red emissive CDs with a very narrow line width (∼75 meV) spectral absorbance and hence demonstrate strong coupling of CDs and plasmon polaritons in liquid crystalline mesophases. The excited state dynamics of CDs has been studied by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, and CDs display very stable and strong photoluminescence emission with a quantum yield of 35.4% and a lifetime of ∼2 ns. More importantly, we compare J-aggregate dyes with CDs in terms of their absorption line width, photostability, and ability to do strong coupling, and we conclude that highly fluorescent CDs have a bright future in the mixed light-matter states for emerging applications in future quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Sarisozen
- Department
of Chemistry, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Nahit Polat
- Department
of Photonics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Fadime Mert Balci
- Department
of Chemistry, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - C. Meric Guvenc
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Izmir
Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Coskun Kocabas
- Department
of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- National
Graphene Institute (NGI), University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry Royce
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - Sinan Balci
- Department
of Photonics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
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19
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Sáez-Blázquez R, Cuartero-González Á, Feist J, García-Vidal FJ, Fernández-Domínguez AI. Plexcitonic Quantum Light Emission from Nanoparticle-on-Mirror Cavities. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:2365-2373. [PMID: 35285655 PMCID: PMC8949753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the quantum-optical properties of the light emitted by a nanoparticle-on-mirror cavity filled with a single quantum emitter. Inspired by recent experiments, we model a dark-field setup and explore the photon statistics of the scattered light under grazing laser illumination. Exploiting analytical solutions to Maxwell's equations, we quantize the nanophotonic cavity fields and describe the formation of plasmon-exciton polaritons (or plexcitons) in the system. This way, we reveal that the rich plasmonic spectrum of the nanocavity offers unexplored mechanisms for nonclassical light generation that are more efficient than the resonant interaction between the emitter natural transition and the brightest optical mode. Specifically, we find three different sample configurations in which strongly antibunched light is produced. Finally, we illustrate the power of our approach by showing that the introduction of a second emitter in the platform can enhance photon correlations further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Sáez-Blázquez
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Vienna
Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Álvaro Cuartero-González
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanical
Engineering Department, ICAI, Universidad
Pontificia Comillas, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Johannes Feist
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. García-Vidal
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute
of High Performance Computing, Agency for
Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Antonio I. Fernández-Domínguez
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Kleinherbers E, Stegmann P, Kurzmann A, Geller M, Lorke A, König J. Pushing the Limits in Real-Time Measurements of Quantum Dynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:087701. [PMID: 35275653 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.087701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved studies of quantum systems are the key to understanding quantum dynamics at its core. The real-time measurement of individual quantum numbers as they switch between certain discrete values, well known as a "random telegraph signal," is expected to yield maximal physical insight. However, the signal suffers from both systematic errors, such as a limited time resolution and noise from the measurement apparatus, as well as statistical errors due to a limited amount of data. Here we demonstrate that an evaluation scheme based on factorial cumulants can reduce the influence of such errors by orders of magnitude. The error resilience is supported by a general theory for the detection errors as well as experimental data of single-electron tunneling through a self-assembled quantum dot. Thus, factorial cumulants push the limits in the analysis of random telegraph data, which represent a wide class of experiments in physics, chemistry, engineering, and life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kleinherbers
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - P Stegmann
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kurzmann
- 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Geller
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - A Lorke
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - J König
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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21
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Grevtseva IG, Ovchinnikov OV, Smirnov MS, Perepelitsa AS, Chevychelova TA, Derepko VN, Osadchenko AV, Selyukov AS. The structural and luminescence properties of plexcitonic structures based on Ag 2S/l-Cys quantum dots and Au nanorods. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6525-6532. [PMID: 35424647 PMCID: PMC8981801 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08806h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A technique of obtaining plexitonic structures based on Ag2S quantum dots passivated with l-cysteine (Ag2S/l-Cys QDs) in the presence of Au nanorods passivated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide molecules (Au/CTAB NRs) with controlled luminescence properties has been developed. The structural and luminescence properties of Ag2S/l-Cys QDs with Au/CTAB NRs are studied. The effect of plasmonic Au/CTAB NRs on IR trap state luminescence (750 nm) is considered. It has been found that the direct interaction between the components of the plexcitonic nanostructure leads to a significant luminescence quenching of Ag2S/l-Cys QDs, with the luminescence lifetime being constant. This is the evidence for photoinduced charge transfer. The spatial separation of the components of plexcitonic nanostructures due to the introduction of a polymer - poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (polyDADMAC) provides a means to change their mutual arrangement and achieve an increase in the IR trap state luminescence intensity and a decrease in the luminescence lifetime from 7.2 ns to 4.5 ns. With weak plexcitonic coupling in the nanostructures [Ag2S QD/l-Cys]/[polyDADMAC]/[Au/CTAB NRs], the possibility of increasing the quantum yield of trap state luminescence for Ag2S QDs due to the Purcell effect has been demonstrated. In the case of formation [Ag2S QD/l-Cys]/[polyDADMAC]/[Au/CTAB NRs] a transformation of shallow trap state structure was established using the thermostimulated luminescence method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Grevtseva
- Voronezh State University, Department of Optics and Spectroscopy Voronezh Russia
| | - Oleg V Ovchinnikov
- Voronezh State University, Department of Optics and Spectroscopy Voronezh Russia
| | - Mikhail S Smirnov
- Voronezh State University, Department of Optics and Spectroscopy Voronezh Russia
- Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies Voronezh Russia
| | | | | | - Violetta N Derepko
- Voronezh State University, Department of Optics and Spectroscopy Voronezh Russia
| | - Anna V Osadchenko
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University Moscow Russia
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Alexandr S Selyukov
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University Moscow Russia
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dolgoprudnyi Moscow Oblast Russia
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22
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Grevtseva I, Ovchinnikov O, Smirnov M, Perepelitsa A, Chevychelova T, Derepko V, Osadchenko A, Selyukov A. IR luminescence of plexcitonic structures based on Ag 2S/L-Cys quantum dots and Au nanorods. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:4668-4679. [PMID: 35209443 DOI: 10.1364/oe.447200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The luminescence properties of Ag2S quantum dots passivated with L-Cysteine (Ag2S/L-Cys QDs) are studied in the presence of Au nanorods passivated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide molecules (Au/CTAB NRs). The effect of plasmonic Au/CTAB NRs on IR trap state luminescence (750 nm) is considered. It has been found that the direct interaction between the components of the plexcitonic nanostructure leads to a significant luminescence quenching of Ag2S/L-Cys QDs, with the luminescence lifetime being constant. This is the evidence for photoinduced charge transfer. The spatial separation of the components of plexcitonic nanostructures due to the introduction of a polymer - Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PolyDADMAC) provides a means to change their mutual arrangement and achieve an increase in the IR trap state luminescence intensity and a decrease in the luminescence lifetime from 7.4 ns to 4.5 ns. With weak plexcitonic coupling in the nanostructures [Ag2S QD/L-Cys]/[PolyDADMAC]/[Au/CTAB NRs], the possibility of increasing the quantum yield of trap state luminescence for Ag2S QDs due to the Purcell effect has been demonstrated.
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23
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Hu H, Chen W, Han X, Wang K, Lu P. Plasmonic nanobar-on-mirror antenna with giant local chirality: a new platform for ultrafast chiral single-photon emission. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2287-2295. [PMID: 35081195 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05951c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Providing an additional degree of freedom for binary information encoding and nonreciprocal information transmission, chiral single photons have become a new research frontier in quantum optics. Without using complex external conditions (e.g., magnetic field, low temperature), coupling emitters to chiral optical antennas has become a promising strategy to efficiently convert single photons from linear to circular polarization states. For ideal chiral single-photon sources, essential properties such as giant Purcell factor, large degree of circular polarization (DCP), and high collection efficiency are highly demanded. Herein, to meet these combined requirements, we propose an emitter-coupled nanobar-on-mirror antenna platform with significant local chirality acquired from the broken symmetry, as well as the giant Purcell factor owing to its ultrasmall mode volume. An emitter embedded at the corner in the gap exhibits above 3 orders of magnitude enhancement of the chiral spontaneous emission with more than 80% collection efficiency, along with up to 70% DCP. Compatible with a myriad of nanoscale quantum emitters (e.g. transition metal dichalcogenides, color centers, quantum dots, etc.), this platform, not only manifests the potential for realizing ultrafast chiral single-photon generator towards GHz and THz operation speed but also provides versatile testbeds for investigating chiral light-matter interaction at the single-quantum level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huatian Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Wen Chen
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratory of Quantum and Nano-Optics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiaobo Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Peixiang Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Guangdong Intelligent Robotics Institute, Dongguan 523808, China
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24
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Weissman A, Sukharev M, Salomon A. Strong coupling between an inverse bowtie Nano-Antenna and a J-aggregate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 610:438-445. [PMID: 34929514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate strong coupling between a single or few J-aggregates and an inverse bowtie plasmonic structure, when the J-aggregate is located at a specific axial distance from the metallic surface. Three hybrid modes are clearly observed, witnessing a strong interaction, with a Rabi splitting of up to 290 meV, the precise value of which significantly depends on the orientation of the J-aggregate with respect to the symmetry axis of the plasmonic structure. We repeated our experiments with a set of triangular hole arrays, showing consistent formation of three or more hybrid modes, in good agreement with numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Weissman
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Maxim Sukharev
- College of Integrative Sciences and Arts, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, United States; Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Adi Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
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25
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Babaze A, Esteban R, Borisov AG, Aizpurua J. Electronic Exciton-Plasmon Coupling in a Nanocavity Beyond the Electromagnetic Interaction Picture. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8466-8473. [PMID: 34529442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The optical response of a system formed by a quantum emitter and a plasmonic gap nanoantenna is theoretically addressed within the frameworks of classical electrodynamics and the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). A fully quantum many-body description of the electron dynamics within TDDFT allows for analyzing the effect of electronic coupling between the emitter and the nanoantenna, usually ignored in classical descriptions of the optical response. We show that the hybridization between the electronic states of the quantum emitter and those of the metallic nanoparticles strongly modifies the energy, the width, and the very existence of the optical resonances of the coupled system. We thus conclude that the application of a quantum many-body treatment that correctly addresses charge-transfer processes between the emitter and the nanoantenna is crucial to address complex electronic processes involving plasmon-exciton interactions directly impacting optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antton Babaze
- Materials Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ruben Esteban
- Materials Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Andrei G Borisov
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d' Orsay, UMR 8214 CNRS-Université Paris-Saclay, Bât. 520, Cedex 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Javier Aizpurua
- Materials Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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Hu H, Shi Z, Zhang S, Xu H. Unified treatment of scattering, absorption, and luminescence spectra from a plasmon-exciton hybrid by temporal coupled-mode theory. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:074104. [PMID: 34418921 DOI: 10.1063/5.0059816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures are capable of tailoring the emission of a nearby emitter by increasing (or reducing) the brightness, shortening (or prolonging) the lifetime, and shaping the spectrum. Experimental characterization of such coupled plasmon-exciton (plexciton) systems usually relies on the acquisition and comparison of scattering, absorption, or luminescence spectra. However, theoretical accounts of these optical spectra, which are key to distinguishing between the coupling regimes and to standardizing the coupling criteria, often scatters in different frameworks, varying from classical to quantum-mechanical. Therefore, developing a unified and simple formalism that can simultaneously compare all these spectral signatures in different coupling regimes is nontrivial. Here, we use a temporal coupled-mode formalism to reproduce the scattering, absorption, and luminescence spectra of a plexciton system and find that its luminescence reaches a maximum at a critical coupling point, featuring a light-emitting plexciton with intense brightness and ultrafast lifetime. This simple approach provides a unified and phenomenological treatment of these spectra by simply including or excluding an external driving term. It therefore allows for a direct comparison of different spectroscopic signatures from the plexciton system and provides an easy-to-use guidance for the design of broadband light-emitting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huatian Hu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhifeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shunping Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Anantharaman SB, Stevens CE, Lynch J, Song B, Hou J, Zhang H, Jo K, Kumar P, Blancon JC, Mohite AD, Hendrickson JR, Jariwala D. Self-Hybridized Polaritonic Emission from Layered Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:6245-6252. [PMID: 34260259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Light-matter coupling in excitonic materials has been the subject of intense recent investigations due to emergence of new materials. Two-dimensional layered hybrid organic/inorganic perovskites (2D HOIPs) support strongly bound excitons at room temperature with some of the highest oscillator strengths and electric loss tangents among the known excitonic materials. Here, we report strong light-matter coupling in Ruddlesden-Popper phase 2D HOIP crystals without the necessity of an external cavity. We report the concurrent occurrence of multiple orders of hybrid light-matter states via both reflectance and luminescence spectroscopy in thick (>100 nm) crystals and near-unity absorption in thin (<20 nm) crystals. We observe resonances with quality factors of >250 in hybridized exciton-polaritons and identify a linear correlation between exciton-polariton mode splitting and extinction coefficient of the various 2D HOIPs. Our work opens the door to studying polariton dynamics in self-hybridized and open cavity systems with broad applications in optoelectronics and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra B Anantharaman
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher E Stevens
- KBR, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45431, United States
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Jason Lynch
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Baokun Song
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Huiqin Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kiyoung Jo
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jean-Christophe Blancon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Aditya D Mohite
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Joshua R Hendrickson
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Deep Jariwala
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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