1
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Zou XJ, Jin ZX, Yang HY, Wu F, Ren ZH, Guan ZH. Palladium-Catalyzed Inward Isomerization Hydroaminocarbonylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406226. [PMID: 38618886 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
In contrast to the kinetically favored outward isomerization-hydrocarbonylation of alkenes, the disfavored inward isomerization-hydrocarbonylation of alkenes remains an important challenge. Herein, we have developed a novel and effective palladium-catalyzed inward isomerization-hydroaminocarbonylation of unactivated alkenes and aniline hydrochlorides for the formation of synthetically valuable α-aryl carboxylic amides in high yields and high site-selectivities. The high efficiency of the reaction is attributed to a relay catalysis strategy, in which the Markovnikov-favored [PdH]-PtBu3 catalyst is responsible for inward isomerization, while the [PdH]-Ruphos catalyst is responsible for hydroaminocarbonylation of the resulting conjugated aryl alkenes. The reaction exhibits highly functional group tolerance and provides a new method for formal carbonylation of remote C(sp3)-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Jin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Xing Jin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Hui Guan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
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2
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Lee C, Kim M, Han S, Kim D, Hong S. Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrofluorination in Unactivated Alkenes: Regio- and Enantioselective C-F Bond Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9375-9384. [PMID: 38512796 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Catalytic formation of a regio- and enantioselective C-F bond chiral center from readily available alkenes is a crucial goal, yet it continues to pose significant challenges in organic synthesis. Here, we report the regioselective formation of C-F bonds facilitated by NiH catalysis and a coordination directing strategy that enables precise hydrofluorination of both terminal and internal alkenes. Notably, we have optimized this methodology to achieve high enantioselectivity in creating aliphatic C-F stereogenic centers especially with β,γ-alkenyl substrates, using a tailored chiral Bn-BOx ligand. Another pivotal finding in our research is the identification of the (+)-nonlinear effect under optimized conditions, allowing for high enantioselectivity even with moderately enantiomerically enriched chiral ligands. Given the significant role of fluorine in pharmaceuticals and synthetic materials, this research offers essential insights into the regioselective and enantioselective formation of C-F bond chiral centers, paving the way for the efficient production of valuable fluorinated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changseok Lee
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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3
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Hikida N, Yoshimi Y, Suzuki H. Amide-Directed Rhodium-Catalyzed Chain-Walking Hydrothiolation of Internal Alkenes. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38497767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
We developed a rhodium-catalyzed chain-walking hydrothiolation process for internal alkenes, which offers a novel and efficient alternative for C(sp3)-H bond cleavage, while focusing on thiol incorporation. This method exclusively affords N,S-acetals at 36-90% yields. Regioconvergent hydrothiolation significantly improved the effectiveness of this transformation. Preliminary mechanistic investigations revealed that an amide-directing group is essential for regioselective synthesis, underlining its significance in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hikida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Yoshimi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Tenure-Track Program for Innovative Research, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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4
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Dong J, Liang Y, Li Y, Guan W, Zhang Q, Fu J. A Catalytic Three-Component Aminofluorination of Unactivated Alkenes with Electron-Rich Amino Sources. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305006. [PMID: 38226424 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
We present herein a copper-catalyzed three-component aminofluorination of unactivated alkenes with N-bromodialkylamines and readily available nucleophilic fluoride under the assistance of a bidentate auxiliary. This protocol exhibits excellent functional group tolerance toward a wide range of unactivated alkenes and N-bromodialkylamines to furnish the corresponding β-fluoroalkylamines in a highly regio- and diastereoselective manner. The appropriate choice of nucleophilic fluoro source is essential to make this reaction a reality. Further DFT calculations show that the exothermic ion exchange between external fluoride ion and Cu(II) intermediate provides additional driving force to the irreversible migratory insertion, which offsets the unfavorable reaction energetics associated with the subsequent C(sp3)-F reductive elimination. This finding offers a new avenue to catalytic intermolecular aminofluorination of unactivated alkenes with electron-rich amino sources via a remarkable reductive elimination of Cu(III) species to forge the C(sp3)-F bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Dong
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology and School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Junkai Fu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
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5
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Davies J, Lyonnet JR, Carvalho B, Sahoo B, Day CS, Juliá-Hernández F, Duan Y, Álvaro Velasco-Rubio, Obst M, Norrby PO, Hopmann KH, Martin R. Kinetically-Controlled Ni-Catalyzed Direct Carboxylation of Unactivated Secondary Alkyl Bromides without Chain Walking. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1753-1759. [PMID: 38193812 PMCID: PMC10824404 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the direct carboxylation of unactivated secondary alkyl bromides enabled by the merger of photoredox and nickel catalysis, a previously inaccessible endeavor in the carboxylation arena. Site-selectivity is dictated by a kinetically controlled insertion of CO2 at the initial C(sp3)-Br site by the rapid formation of Ni(I)-alkyl species, thus avoiding undesired β-hydride elimination and chain-walking processes. Preliminary mechanistic experiments reveal the subtleties of stereoelectronic effects for guiding the reactivity and site-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Davies
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Julien R. Lyonnet
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química
Orgànica, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Bjørn Carvalho
- Department
of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University
of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Basudev Sahoo
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Craig S. Day
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química
Orgànica, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisco Juliá-Hernández
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yaya Duan
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Velasco-Rubio
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marc Obst
- Department
of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University
of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Per-Ola Norrby
- Data
Science & Modelling, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kathrin H. Hopmann
- Department
of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University
of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Lee C, Kang HJ, Hong S. NiH-catalyzed C-N bond formation: insights and advancements in hydroamination of unsaturated hydrocarbons. Chem Sci 2024; 15:442-457. [PMID: 38179526 PMCID: PMC10763554 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05589b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of C-N bonds is a fundamental aspect of organic synthesis, and hydroamination has emerged as a pivotal strategy for the synthesis of essential amine derivatives. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in metal hydride-catalyzed hydroamination reactions of common alkenes and alkynes. This method avoids the need for stoichiometric organometallic reagents and overcomes problems associated with specific organometallic compounds that may impact functional group compatibility. Notably, recent developments have brought to the forefront olefinic hydroamination and hydroamidation reactions facilitated by nickel hydride (NiH) catalysis. The inclusion of suitable chiral ligands has paved the way for the realization of asymmetric hydroamination reactions in the realm of olefins. This review aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the latest achievements in C-N bond formation through intermolecular hydroamination catalyzed by nickel hydrides. Leveraging this innovative approach, a diverse range of alkene and alkyne substrates can be efficiently transformed into value-added compounds enriched with C-N bonds. The intricacies of C-N bond formation are succinctly elucidated, offering a concise overview of the underlying reaction mechanisms. It is our aspiration that this comprehensive review will stimulate further progress in NiH-catalytic techniques, fine-tune reaction systems, drive innovation in catalyst design, and foster a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changseok Lee
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hyung-Joon Kang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
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7
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He HD, Chitrakar R, Cao ZW, Wang DM, She LQ, Zhao PG, Wu Y, Xu YQ, Cao ZY, Wang P. Diphosphine Ligand-Enabled Nickel-Catalyzed Chelate-Assisted Inner-Selective Migratory Hydroarylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313336. [PMID: 37983653 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The precise control of the regioselectivity in the transition metal-catalyzed migratory hydrofunctionalization of alkenes remains a big challenge. With a transient ketimine directing group, the nickel-catalyzed migratory β-selective hydroarylation and hydroalkenylation of alkenyl ketones has been realized with aryl boronic acids using alkyl halide as the mild hydride source for the first time. The key to this success is the use of a diphosphine ligand, which is capable of the generation of a Ni(II)-H species in the presence of alkyl bromide, and enabling the efficient migratory insertion of alkene into Ni(II)-H species and the sequent rapid chain walking process. The present approach diminishes organosilanes reductant, tolerates a wide array of complex functionalities with excellent regioselective control. Moreover, this catalytic system could also be applied to the migratory hydroarylation of alkenyl azahetereoarenes, thus providing a general approach for the preparation of 1,2-aryl heteroaryl motifs with wide potential applications in pharmaceutical discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Dong He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Ravi Chitrakar
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Dao-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Li-Qin She
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Gang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yichen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Qing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry, and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
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8
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Rodrigalvarez J, Haut FL, Martin R. Regiodivergent sp3 C-H Functionalization via Ni-Catalyzed Chain-Walking Reactions. JACS AU 2023; 3:3270-3282. [PMID: 38155646 PMCID: PMC10751781 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic translocation of a metal catalyst along a saturated hydrocarbon side chain constitutes a powerful strategy for enabling bond-forming reactions at remote, yet previously unfunctionalized, sp3 C-H sites. In recent years, Ni-catalyzed chain-walking reactions have offered counterintuitive strategies for forging sp3 architectures that would be difficult to accomplish otherwise. Although these strategies have evolved into mature tools for advanced organic synthesis, it was only recently that chemists showed the ability to control the motion at which the catalyst "walks" throughout the alkyl chain. Specialized ligand backbones, additives and a judicious choice of noninnocent functional groups on the side chain have allowed the design of "a la carte" protocols that enable regiodivergent bond-forming scenarios at different sp3 C-H sites with distinct topological surface areas. Given the inherent interest in increasing the fraction of sp3 hybridized carbons in medicinal chemistry, Ni-catalyzed regiodivergent chain-walking reactions might expedite the access to target leads in drug discovery campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Rodrigalvarez
- The
Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Franz-Lucas Haut
- The
Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- The
Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Wagner-Carlberg N, Rovis T. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Remote Hydroamidation of Internal Alkenes via Chain Walking. ACS Catal 2023; 13:16337-16343. [PMID: 39006066 PMCID: PMC11238874 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c05075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Hydroamination of terminal alkenes represents a powerful and well-established way to introduce nitrogenous functionality to feedstock chemicals. Remote hydroamination reactions are far less known, and represent a way to functionalize unactivated C(sp3) centers distal to the site of the alkene. These transformations commonly take place via metal hydride-mediated chain walking, and as such, regioselectivity can be challenging. The remote introduction of amides is of particular interest due to their prevalence in pharmaceuticals. Herein we report a Rh(III)-catalyzed hydroamidation procedure to functionalize the terminal position of internal alkenes, using dioxazolones as amidation reagents and i-PrOH as a hydride source. The reaction proceeds with high yield and regioselectivity, and tolerates a variety of functionality. Regioconvergent synthesis of a single linear amide from a mixture of isomeric alkenes is demonstrated. Key to the development of this reaction was determining that inorganic bases poison the catalyst, and identifying a suitable trialkylamine replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Wagner-Carlberg
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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10
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Wang Y, He Y, Zhu S. Nickel-Catalyzed Migratory Cross-Coupling Reactions: New Opportunities for Selective C-H Functionalization. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3475-3491. [PMID: 37971926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusMigratory cross-coupling via metal migration is a process of significant academic and industrial interest. It provides an attractive alternative for the selective installation of a functional group at remote C-H positions from simple precursors, thus enabling the direct synthesis of challenging structures not accessible with traditional cross-coupling. In particular, with the merger of 1,n-Ni/H shift and cross-coupling of nickel, the Ni-catalyzed migratory functionalization of simple precursors has undergone particularly intense development and emerged as a valuable field of research in the past few years. This Account will outline the recent progress made in this arena in terms of migration-functionalization modes, diverse functionalizations, and strategies for regio- and stereocontrol. Mechanistic studies and synthetic applications are also discussed.In detail, we systematically categorize our work into two parts based on the migration modes. In the first part, a platform is created for Ni-catalyzed migratory sp3 C-H functionalization of alkenes or alkyl halides via iterative 1,2-Ni/H shift-selective cross-coupling. The key reactive Ni(II)H species for chain-walking could be generated in situ either in a polarity-reversed fashion relying on stoichiometric reductants (X-Ni(II)-H) or in a redox-neutral fashion with the participation of nucleophilic coupling partners (FG-Ni(II)-H). One significant advantage associated with the polarity-reversed NiH system is the use of relatively stable, abundant, and safe olefin surrogates or alkyl halides instead of the sensitive organometallics required in traditional cross-coupling reactions. Another advantage is that diverse functionalizations, including carbonation and more challenging amination and thiolation could be smoothly achieved with suitable electrophiles or their precursors. Finally, to address the challenging multifaceted selectivity and reactivity issues in asymmetric migratory cross-coupling reactions, we have developed a feasible ligand relay catalytic strategy. In this dynamic ligand exchange process, one ligand promotes rapid migration while the other promotes highly regio- and stereoselective coupling. This innovative strategy overcomes the formidable challenge stemming from the difficulty of designing a single ligand to efficiently promote both steps of chain-walking and asymmetric coupling. In the second part, a new platform for Ni-catalyzed migratory sp2 C-H functionalization via 1,4-Ni/H shift-selective cross-coupling has been reported. Starting from readily available aryl or vinyl coupling partners, the in situ-generated aryl- or vinylnickel(II) species could undergo a rapid and reversible 1,4-Ni/H shift along an sp2 backbone, and subsequent selective coupling with various coupling partners would allow regio- and stereoselective access to diverse 1,4-migratory functionalization products. The key to success was the discovery of an appropriate ligand to efficiently promote both migration and subsequent selective cross-coupling. A vinyl-to-aryl 1,4-Ni/H shift successfully enables the modular ipso/ortho difunctionalization of aryl coupling partners, while an aryl-to-vinyl 1,4-Ni/H shift enables regio- and stereoselective access to functionalized trisubstituted alkenes.We hope that this Account will inspire broad interest and future development of migratory cross-coupling reactions. We strongly believe that continued efforts in this fascinating field will overcome many of the remaining challenges, including cutting-edge ligand/catalyst design to enhance reactivity and selectivity, conceptually new migration modes for additional transformations, and in-depth mechanistic studies for rational reaction design.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuli He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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11
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Wang Q, Jung H, Kim D, Chang S. Iridium-Catalyzed Migratory Terminal C(sp 3)-H Amidation of Heteroatom-Substituted Internal Alkenes via Olefin Chain Walking. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37906814 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydroamination facilitated by metal hydride catalysis is an appealing synthetic approach to access valuable nitrogen-containing compounds from readily available unsaturated hydrocarbons. While high regioselectivity can be achieved usually for substrates bearing polar chelation groups, the reaction involving simple alkenes frequently provides nonselective outcomes. Herein, we report an iridium-catalyzed highly regioselective terminal C(sp3)-H amidation of internal alkenes utilizing dioxazolones as an amino source via olefin chain walking. Most notably, this mechanistic motif of double bond migration to the terminal position operates not only with dialkyl-substituted simple alkenes including styrenes but also with heteroatom-substituted olefins such as enol ethers, vinyl silanes, and vinyl borons, thus representing the first example of the terminal methyl amidation of the latter type of alkenes through a nondissociative chain walking process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Hoimin Jung
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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12
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Li P, Kou G, Feng T, Wang M, Qiu Y. Electrochemical NiH-Catalyzed C(sp 3 )-C(sp 3 ) Coupling of Alkyl Halides and Alkyl Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311941. [PMID: 37708153 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an electrochemically driven NiH-catalyzed reductive coupling of alkyl halides and alkyl alkenes for the construction of Csp3 -Csp3 bonds is firstly reported. Notably, alkyl halides serve dual function as coupling substrates and as hydrogen sources to generate NiH species under electrochemical conditions. The tunable nature of this reaction is realized by introducing an intramolecular coordinating group to the substrate, where the product can be easily adjusted to give the desired branched products. The method proceeds under mild conditions, exhibits a broad substrate scope, and affords moderate to excellent yields with over 70 examples, including late-stage modification of natural products and drug derivatives. Mechanistic insights offer evidence for an electrochemically driven coupling process. The sp3 -carbon-halogen bonds can be activated through single electron transfer (SET) by the nickel catalyst in its low valence state, generated by cathodic reduction, and the generation of NiH species from alkyl halides is pivotal to this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guangsheng Kou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tian Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
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13
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Wu Z, Meng J, Liu H, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang W. Multi-site programmable functionalization of alkenes via controllable alkene isomerization. Nat Chem 2023:10.1038/s41557-023-01209-x. [PMID: 37202630 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Direct and selective functionalization of hydrocarbon chains is a fundamental problem in synthetic chemistry. Conventional functionalization of C=C double bonds and C(sp3)-H bonds provides some solutions, but site diversity remains an issue. The merging of alkene isomerization with (oxidative) functionalization provides an ideal method for remote functionalization, which would provide more opportunities for site diversity. However, the reported functionalized sites are still limited and focus on a specific terminal position and internal site; new site-selective functionalization, including multi-functionalization, remains a largely unmet challenge. Here we describe a palladium-catalysed aerobic oxidative method for the multi-site programmable functionalization, involving the C=C double bond and multiple C(sp3)-H bonds, of terminal olefins via a strategy that controls the reaction sequence between alkene isomerization and oxidative functionalization. Specifically, 1-acetoxylation (anti-Markovnikov), 2-acetoxylation, 1,2-diacetoxylation and 1,2,3-triacetoxylation have been realized, accompanied by controllable remote alkenylation. This method enables available terminal olefins from petrochemical feedstocks to be readily converted into unsaturated alcohols and polyalcohols and particularly into different monosaccharides and C-glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjie Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huikang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Song T, Luo Y, Wang K, Wang B, Yuan Q, Zhang W. Nickel-Catalyzed Remote C(sp 3)–N/O Bond Formation of Alkenes with Unactivated Amines and Alcohols. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yicong Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kuiyang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bingyi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qianjia Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 75 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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15
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Zheng YL, Liang DY, Ma HB, Meng FC, Wang T. Regio- and chemoselective hydroamination of unactivated alkenes with anthranils via NiH-catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2751-2754. [PMID: 36779354 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc07052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A NiH-catalyzed polarity-reversed hydroamination of β,γ-, γ,δ- and δ,ε-unsaturated alkenes with electrophilic anthranils was developed. This reaction proceeds in a highly regio- and chemoselective manner to afford γ, δ and ε-arylamines bearing a carbonyl or alcohol functionality with 100% atom efficiency. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the chemoselectivity is controlled by the base and the alcohol product is derived from the base-catalyzed hydrosilylation of the CO bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Long Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Di-Yu Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Hong-Bin Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Fan-Cheng Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Tie Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China.
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16
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Song H, Zhang W, Zhou H, Wei J, Cai X, Yang F, Li W, Xu C. Remote Site-Selective C(sp 3)–H Monodeuteration of Unactivated Alkenes via Chain-Walking Strategy. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Hu Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xingwei Cai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Fu Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Chen Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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17
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Ma S, Fan H, Day CS, Xi Y, Hartwig JF. Remote Hydroamination of Disubstituted Alkenes by a Combination of Isomerization and Regioselective N-H Addition. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3875-3881. [PMID: 36780535 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Remote hydrofunctionalizations of alkenes incorporate functional groups distal to existing carbon-carbon double bonds. While remote carbonylations are well-known, remote hydrofunctionalizations are most common for addition of relatively nonpolar B-H, Si-H, and C-H bonds with alkenes. We report a system for the remote hydroamination of disubstituted alkenes to functionalize an alkyl chain selectively at the subterminal, unactivated, methylene position. Critical to the high regioselectivity and reaction rates are the electronic properties of the substituent on the amine and the development of the ligand DIP-Ad-SEGPHOS by evaluating the steric and electronic effects of ligand modules on reactivity and selectivity. The remote hydroamination is compatible with a broad scope of alkenes and aminopyridines and enables the regioconvergent synthesis of amines from an isomeric mixture of alkenes. The products can be derivatized by nucleophilic aromatic substitution on the amino substituent with a variety of nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senjie Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Haoyu Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Craig S Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yumeng Xi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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18
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O-Benzoylhydroxylamines: A Versatile Electrophilic Aminating Reagent for Transition Metal-Catalyzed C–N Bond-Forming Reactions. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:4. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Du B, Chan CM, Ouyang Y, Chan K, Lin Z, Yu WY. NiH-catalyzed anti-Markovnikov hydroamidation of unactivated alkenes with 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-ones for the direct synthesis of N-alkyl amides. Commun Chem 2022; 5:176. [PMID: 36697972 PMCID: PMC9814879 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00791-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of a nitrogen-based functional group to alkenes via a direct catalytic method is an attractive way of synthesizing value-added amides. The regioselective hydroamidation of unactivated alkenes is considered one of the easiest ways to achieve this goal. Herein, we report the NiH-catalyzed anti-Markovnikov intermolecular hydroamidation of unactivated alkenes enabled by using 2,9-dibutylphenathroline (diBuphen) as the ligand. This protocol provides a platform for the direct synthesis of over 90 structurally diverse N-alkyl amides using dioxazolones, which can be easily derived from abundant carboxylic acid feedstocks. This method succeeds for both terminal and internal unactivated alkenes and some natural products. Mechanistic studies including DFT calculations reveal an initial reversible insertion/elimination of the [NiH] to the alkene, followed by the irreversible amidation to furnish the N-alkyl amides. By crossover experiments and deuterium labeling studies, the observed anti-Markovnikov regioselectivities are suggested to be controlled by the sterical environment of the coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingnan Du
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Chun-Ming Chan
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Yuxin Ouyang
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Kalok Chan
- grid.24515.370000 0004 1937 1450Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- grid.24515.370000 0004 1937 1450Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Wing-Yiu Yu
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
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20
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Wang Y, He Y, Zhu S. NiH-Catalyzed Functionalization of Remote and Proximal Olefins: New Reactions and Innovative Strategies. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3519-3536. [PMID: 36350093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal hydride catalyzed functionalization of remote and proximal olefins has many advantages over conventional cross-coupling reactions. It avoids the separate, prior generation of stoichiometric amounts of organometallic reagents and the use of preformed organometallic reagents, which are sometimes hard to access and may compromise functional group compatibility. The migratory insertion of metal hydride complexes generated in situ into readily available alkene starting materials, the hydrometalation process, provides an attractive and straightforward route to alkyl metal intermediates, which can undergo a variety of sequential cross-coupling reactions. In particular, with the synergistic combination of chain-walking and cross-coupling chemistry of nickel, NiH-catalyzed functionalization of remote and proximal olefins has undergone particularly intense development in the past few years. This Account aims to chronicle the progress made in this arena in terms of activation modes, diverse functionalizations, and chemo-, regio-, and enantioselectivity.We first provide a brief introduction to the general reaction mechanisms. Taking remote hydroarylation as an example, the four oxidation states of Ni have allowed us to develop two different reaction strategies to form the final product: a Ni(I)-H/X-Ni(II)-H platform that relies on stoichiometric reductants and a Ni(I/II/III) cycle and a redox-neutral functional group or FG-Ni(II)-H platform that reacts with an alkene substrate and forms the migratory products via a Ni(0/II) pathway. We also demonstrate that diverse functionalization, including general C-C bond-forming reactions and the more challenging C-N/C-S bond-forming reactions could be realized. Moreover, the employment of appropriate chiral ligands has allowed us to successfully realize the corresponding asymmetric hydrofunctionalization reactions of olefins, including hydroalkylation, hydroarylation, hydroalkenylation, hydroalkynylation, and hydroamination. Interestingly, the enantio-determining step could be enantioselective hydronickelation, selective oxidative addition, or selective reductive elimination. To realize more challenging asymmetric migratory hydrofunctionalization, we have developed a general ligand relay catalytic strategy with a combination of two simple ligands, the first for chain-walking and the second for asymmetric coupling. This novel strategy avoids the design of a single, possibly structurally complex chiral ligand to promote both steps of chain-walking and asymmetric coupling. In addition, the success of multicomponent hydrofunctionalization provides a convenient approach to gain simple access to complex molecules. Finally, alkyl halides could be used as olefin precursors to undergo a variety of reductive migratory cross-electrophile coupling reactions. Applications of these remote hydrofunctionalization reactions are also discussed. We hope this Account will inspire future development in the field to overcome key challenges, including conceptually new catalytic strategies, development of high-performance systems with enhanced reactivity and selectivity, cutting-edge catalyst design, and further mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuli He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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21
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Sheng FF, Gu JG, Liu KH, Zhang HH. Synthesis of β-Deuterated Amino Acids via Palladium-Catalyzed H/D Exchange. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16084-16089. [PMID: 36395460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite several synthetic approaches that have been developed for α-deuterated amino acids, the synthesis of β-deuterated amino acids has remained a challenge. Herein, we disclose a palladium catalyzed H/D exchange protocol for a β-deuterated N-protected amino amide, which can be converted to a β-deuterated amino acid simply by removal of protecting groups. This protocol is highly efficient, simply manipulated, and appliable for deuterium-labeling of many amino amides. In addition, deuterium labeling of phenylalanine derivatives was also successful when pivalic acid served as an additive to promote the H/D exchange process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech. University (Nanjing Tech.), 30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Gu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech. University (Nanjing Tech.), 30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech. University (Nanjing Tech.), 30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech. University (Nanjing Tech.), 30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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22
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Cui Y, Gao Y, Zhao W, Luo Y, Xie H, Huo Y, Hu XQ. NiH-Catalyzed Proximal-Selective Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes with Anthranils. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14861-14869. [PMID: 36219840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The regioselective hydroamination of unactivated alkenes is a long-standing challenge in organic synthesis. Herein, we report a NiH-catalyzed proximal-selective hydroamination of unactivated alkenes with 8-aminoquinoline (AQ) as a bidentate auxiliary and anthranils as aminating reagents. A wide range of primary aryl amines bearing an ortho-carbonyl group were installed in both terminal and internal unactivated alkenes, delivering a variety of valuable β- and γ-amino acid building blocks, respectively, with excellent regiocontrol. The utility of this transformation was further demonstrated by the conversion of the multifunctionalized aryl amines into useful N-heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Wanxuan Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yinglin Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Haiyi Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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23
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Divergent regioselective Heck-type reaction of unactivated alkenes and N-fluoro-sulfonamides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6297. [PMID: 36272976 PMCID: PMC9588056 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of regioselectivity in Heck-type reaction of unactivated alkenes represents a longstanding challenge due to several detachable hydrogens in β–H elimination step, which generally afford either one specific regioisomer or a mixture. Herein, a copper-catalyzed intermolecular Heck-type reaction of unactivated alkenes and N-fluoro-sulfonamides with divergent regioselectivities is reported. The complete switch of regioselectivity mainly depends on the choice of different additives. Employment of alcohol solvent gives access to vinyl products, while the addition of carboxylate leads to the formation of allylic products. In addition, exclusion of these two promoting factors results in β-lactams via a C–N reductive elimination. This protocol shows a broad substrate scope for both alkenes and structurally diverse N-fluoro-sulfonamides, producing the corresponding products with excellent regio- and stereoselectivities. Further control experiments and DFT calculations provide in-depth insights into the reaction mechanism, highlighting the distinct effect of the additives on a bidentate auxiliary-stabilized Cu(III) intermediate. The control of regioselectivity in Heck-type reactions of unactivated alkenes is challenging. Here, the authors realize regiodivergent Heck-type reactions of unactivated alkenes and N-fluoro-sulfonamides.
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24
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Meng X, Zhu L, Liang J, Shi H, Lv J, Wang M, Zhang L, Wang C. Nickel-Catalyzed 1,2-Arylboration of Unactivated Alkenes to Access Boryl-Functionalized Aliphatic Amines. Org Lett 2022; 24:6962-6967. [PMID: 36135331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report herein a three-component 1,2-arylboration of alkenyl amines bearing a cleavable picolinamide directing group. With aryl halides as electrophiles and B2Pin2 as nucleophiles, a wide range of alkenes could be converted into valuable boryl-functionalized aliphatic amines. The reaction proceeds with high levels of chemo- and regiocontrol and exhibits high functional group tolerance. In addition, the pinacol boronic ester group could undergo various transformations, indicating that the protocol could potentially provide a platform for versatile regioselective difunctionalization of alkenyl amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Jimin Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengbo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
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25
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Müller N, Schreib BS, Leutenegger SU, Carreira EM. Picolinamides and Iodoalkynes Enable Palladium-Catalyzed syn-Aminoalkynylation of Di- and Trisubstituted Alkenes to Give Pyrrolidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204535. [PMID: 35445778 PMCID: PMC9545406 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed aminoalkynylation of electronically unbiased olefins with iodoalkynes is reported. The picolinamide auxiliary enables for the first time the syn-selective aminoalkynylation of mono-, di- and trisubstituted alkenes to afford the corresponding pyrrolidines in up to 97 % yield and as single diastereomers. Furthermore, through a C-H activation approach, the picolinamide allows the rapid synthesis of functionalized olefins, which are suitable cyclization precursors. Facile and orthogonal deprotection of the amides and Sii Pr3 -acetylenes in the products, and a subsequent Pictet-Spengler reaction is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Müller
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt S Schreib
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian U Leutenegger
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erick M Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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26
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Schreib BS, Margarini J, Carreira EM. Ritter reaction for the synthesis of picolinamides. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Wang J, Liu D, Chang Z, Li Z, Fu Y, Lu X. Nickel‐Catalyzed Switchable Site‐Selective Alkene Hydroalkylation by Temperature Regulation**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205537. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Wang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - De‐Guang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhe Chang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yao Fu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xi Lu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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28
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Yang PF, Liang JX, Zhao HT, Shu W. Access to Enantioenriched 1, n-Diamines via Ni-Catalyzed Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes with Weakly Coordinating Groups. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Xing Liang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Han-Tong Zhao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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29
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Zhao L, Zhu Y, Liu M, Xie L, Liang J, Shi H, Meng X, Chen Z, Han J, Wang C. Ligand-Controlled NiH-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Chain-Walking Hydroalkylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204716. [PMID: 35608276 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A NiH-catalyzed migratory hydroalkylation of alkenyl amines with predictable and switchable regioselectivity is reported. By utilizing a ligand-controlled, directing group-assisted strategy, various alkyl units are site-selectively installed at inert sp3 C-H sites far away from the original C=C bonds. A range of structurally diverse α- and β-branched protected amines are conveniently synthesized via stabilization of 5- and 6-membered nickelacycles respectively. This method exhibits broad scope and high functional group tolerance, and can be applied to late-stage modification of medicinally relevant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Leipeng Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Jimin Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
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30
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Yang PF, Shu W. Orthogonal Access to α‐/β‐Branched/Linear Aliphatic Amines by Catalyst‐Tuned Regiodivergent Hydroalkylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Yang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Chemistry CHINA
| | - Wei Shu
- Southern University of Science and Technology Chemistry Room 5-505, 1088 Xueyuan Road 518055 Shenzhen CHINA
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31
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Yang PF, Shu W. Orthogonal Access to α-/β-Branched/Linear Aliphatic Amines by Catalyst-Tuned Regiodivergent Hydroalkylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208018. [PMID: 35726965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Linear, α-branched, and β-branched aliphatic amines are widespread in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals. Thus, the development of direct and efficient methods to these structures in a tunable manner is highly desirable yet challenging. Herein, a catalyst-controlled synthesis of α-branched, β-branched and linear aliphatic amines from Ni/Co-catalyzed regio- and site-selective hydroalkylations of alkenyl amines with alkyl halides is developed. This catalytic protocol features the reliable prediction and control of the coupling position of alkylation to provide orthogonal access to α-branched, β-branched and linear alkyl amines from identical starting materials. This platform unlocks orthogonal reactivity and selectivity of nickel hydride and cobalt hydride chemistry to catalytically repurpose three types of alkyl amines under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, P. R. China
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32
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Choi H, Lyu X, Kim D, Seo S, Chang S. Endo-Selective Intramolecular Alkyne Hydroamidation Enabled by NiH Catalysis Incorporating Alkenylnickel Isomerization. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10064-10074. [PMID: 35621341 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular alkyne hydroamidation represents a straightforward approach for the access to synthetically valuable cyclic enamides. Despite some advances made in this realm, the ability to attain a precise regiocontrol still remains challenging, especially for endo cyclization that leads to six-membered and larger azacyclic rings. Herein, we report a NiH-catalyzed intramolecular hydroamidation of alkynyl dioxazolones that allows for an excellent endo selectivity, thus affording a range of six- to eight-membered endocyclic enamides with a broad scope. Mechanistic investigations revealed that Ni(I) catalysis is operative in the current system, proceeding via regioselective syn-hydronickelation, alkenylnickel E/Z isomerization, and Ni-centered inner-sphere nitrenoid transfer. In particular, the key alkenylnickel isomerization step, which previously lacked mechanistic understandings, was found to take place through the η2-vinyl transition state. The synthetic value of this protocol was demonstrated by diastereoselective modifications of the obtained endocyclic enamides to highly functionalized δ-lactam scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoonchul Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Xiang Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sangwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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33
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Zhao L, Zhu Y, Liu M, Xie L, Liang J, Shi H, Meng X, Chen Z, Han J, Wang C. Ligand‐Controlled NiH‐Catalyzed Regiodivergent Chain‐Walking Hydroalkylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Leipeng Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Jimin Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Haoran Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Zhengyang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
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34
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Yin J, Xiong T, Zhang Q. Remote Site-Selective Asymmetric Protoboration of Unactivated Alkenes Enabled by Bimetallic Relay Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202713. [PMID: 35297558 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A remote C(sp3 )-H bond asymmetric borylation of unactivated alkenes was achieved by bimetallic relay catalysis. The reaction proceeded through reversible and consecutive β-H elimination/olefin insertion promoted by CoH species generated in situ, followed by copper-catalyzed asymmetric protoboration. The use of this synergistic Co/Cu catalysis protocol allowed the enantioselective protoboration of various unactivated terminal alkenes and internal alkenes, as well as an unrefined mixture of olefin isomers, at the distal less-reactive β-position to a functional group, leading to chiral organoboronates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Simin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jianjun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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35
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Wang JW, Liu DG, Chang Z, Li Z, Fu Y, Lu X. Nickel‐Catalyzed Switchable Site‐Selective Alkene Hydroalkylation by Temperature Regulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wang Wang
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - De-Guang Liu
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhe Chang
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhen Li
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yao Fu
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Xi Lu
- University of Science and Technology of China Chemistry Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
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36
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Lee C, Kang HJ, Seo H, Hong S. Nickel-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes Using Carbonyl Directing Groups. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9091-9100. [PMID: 35538676 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric addition of an N-H bond to various alkenes via a direct catalytic method is a powerful way of synthesizing value-added chiral amines. Therefore, the enantio- and regioselective hydroamination of unactivated alkenes remains an appealing goal. Here, we report the highly enantio- and regioselective Ni-catalyzed hydroamination of readily available unactivated alkenes bearing weakly coordinating native amides or esters. This method succeeds for both terminal and internal unactivated alkenes and has a broad amine coupling partner scope. The mild reaction process is well suited for the late-stage functionalization of complex molecules and has the potential to gain modular access to enantioenriched β- or γ-amino acid derivatives and 1,2- or 1,3-diamines. Mechanistic studies reveal that a chiral bisoxazoline-bound Ni specie effectively leverages carbonyl coordination to achieve enantio- and regioselective NiH insertion into alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changseok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyung-Joon Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Huiyeong Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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37
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Müller N, Schreib BS, Leutenegger SU, Carreira EM. Picolinamides and Iodoalkynes Enable Palladium‐Catalyzed syn‐Aminoalkynylation of Di‐ and Trisubstituted Alkenes to Give Pyrrolidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Müller
- University of Innsbruck: Universitat Innsbruck Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Benedikt S Schreib
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich DCHAB SWITZERLAND
| | - Sebastian U Leutenegger
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich DCHAB SWITZERLAND
| | - Erick Moran Carreira
- ETH-Hönggerberg Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie Vladimir Prelog Weg 3HCl H335 8093 Zürich SWITZERLAND
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38
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NiH-catalysed proximal-selective hydroalkylation of unactivated alkenes and the ligand effects on regioselectivity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1890. [PMID: 35393419 PMCID: PMC8990077 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkene hydrocarbonation reactions have been developed to supplement traditional electrophile-nucleophile cross-coupling reactions. The branch-selective hydroalkylation method applied to a broad range of unactivated alkenes remains challenging. Herein, we report a NiH-catalysed proximal-selective hydroalkylation of unactivated alkenes to access β- or γ-branched alkyl carboxylic acids and β-, γ- or δ-branched alkyl amines. A broad range of alkyl iodides and bromides with different functional groups can be installed with excellent regiocontrol and availability for site-selective late-stage functionalization of biorelevant molecules. Under modified reaction conditions with NiCl2(PPh3)2 as the catalyst, migratory hydroalkylation takes place to provide β- (rather than γ-) branched products. The keys to success are the use of aminoquinoline and picolinamide as suitable directing groups and combined experimental and computational studies of ligand effects on the regioselectivity and detailed reaction mechanisms. Difunctionalization of olefins is an ongoing and important focus of synthetic organic chemistry. Here the authors report a nickel-catalysed hydroalkylation of unactivated alkenes to obtain branched alkyl carboxylic acids or alkyl amines, using aminoquinoline and picolinamide as directing groups.
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39
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Yin J, Xiong T, Zhang Q. Remote Site‐Selective Asymmetric Protoboration of Unactivated Alkenes Enabled by Bimetallic Relay Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Simin Wang
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jianjun Yin
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Tao Xiong
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry Renmin ST. 5268 130024 ChangChun CHINA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
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40
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Kang T, González JM, Li ZQ, Foo K, Cheng PTW, Engle KM. Alkene Difunctionalization Directed by Free Amines: Diamine Synthesis via Nickel-Catalyzed 1,2-Carboamination. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taeho Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - José Manuel González
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Zi-Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Klement Foo
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, PO Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Peter T. W. Cheng
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, PO Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Keary M. Engle
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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41
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Hwang Y, Baek SB, Kim D, Chang S. Chain Walking as a Strategy for Iridium-Catalyzed Migratory Amidation of Alkenyl Alcohols to Access α-Amino Ketones. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4277-4285. [PMID: 35200026 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic carbon-nitrogen bond formation in hydrocarbons is an appealing synthetic tool to access valuable nitrogen-containing compounds. Although a number of synthetic approaches have been developed to construct a bifunctional α-amino carbonyl scaffold in this realm, installation of an amino functionality at the remote and unfunctionalized aliphatic sites remains underdeveloped. Here we present a tandem iridium catalysis that enables the redox-relay amidation of alkenyl alcohols via chain walking and metal-nitrenoid transfer, which eventually offers a new route to various α-amino ketones with excellent regioselectivity. The virtue of this transformation is that an unrefined isomeric mixture of alkenyl alcohols can be utilized as the readily available starting materials to lead to the regioconvergent amidation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the reaction proceeds via a tandem process involving two key components of redox-relay chain walking and intermolecular nitrenoid transfer with the assistance of hydrogen bonding, thus representing the competence of Ir catalysis for the olefin migratory C-N coupling with high efficiency and exquisite selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongyu Hwang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Seung Beom Baek
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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42
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Bai N, Wang X, Wang Z, Liu F, Rong ZQ. Redox-neutral remote amidation of alkenyl alcohols via long-range isomerization/transformation. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile and straightforward approach for the construction of amides via redox-neutral Ru-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of long-range alkenyl alcohols with amines to realize remote site-selective functionalization has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xuchao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zhenchao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Feipeng Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zi-Qiang Rong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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Zhao J, Bao L, Zhu L, Zhao L, Ding L, Guan W, Wang C. Remote arylalkylation of unactivated alkenes via 6- or 7-membered nickelacycles with excellent diastereofidelity. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01182d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We developed a nickel-catalyzed remote arylalkylation of unactivated alkenes via kinetically and thermodynamically disfavored 6- and 7-membered nickelacycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsong Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyan Bao
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyao Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
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Wang F, Han Y, Yu L, Zhu D. Decarboxylative Amination of Benzoic Acids Bearing Electron-Donating Substituents and Non-Activated Amines. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00453d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient methods for decarboxylative activation of benzoic acids into great valuable products are highly sought after. Here we report a highly desirable and straightforward decarboxylative amination of readily available benzoic...
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45
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Lin C, Chen S, Wang Y, Gao F, Shen L. Ni(ii)-Catalyzed intermolecular selective Heck-type arylation of unactivated alkenes with arylboronic acids. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01579f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This work: directing group-assisted Ni(ii)-catalyzed intermolecular Heck arylation of unactivated alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Sai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Liang Shen
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
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